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Altman PX, Parren M, Sang H, Ozorowski G, Lee WH, Smider VV, Wilson IA, Ward AB, Mwangi W, Burton DR, Sok D. HIV envelope trimers and gp120 as immunogens to induce broadly neutralizing antibodies in cows. bioRxiv 2024:2024.03.20.585065. [PMID: 38585787 PMCID: PMC10996456 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.20.585065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The study of immunogens capable of eliciting broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) is crucial for the development of an HIV vaccine. To date, only cows, making use of their ultralong CDRH3 loops, have reliably elicited bnAbs following immunization with HIV Envelope trimers. Antibody responses to the CD4 binding site have been readily elicited by immunization of cows with a stabilized Env trimer of the BG505 strain and, with more difficulty, to the V2-apex region of Env with a cocktail of trimers. Here, we sought to determine whether the BG505 Env trimer could be engineered to generate new bnAb specificities in cows. Since the cow CD4 binding site bnAbs bind to monomeric BG505 gp120, we also sought to determine whether gp120 immunization alone might be sufficient to induce bnAbs. We found that engineering the CD4 binding site by mutation of a key binding residue of BG505 HIV Env resulted in a reduced bnAb response that took more immunizations to develop. Monoclonal antibodies isolated from one animal were directed to the V2-apex, suggesting a re-focusing of the bnAb response. Immunization with monomeric BG505 g120 generated no serum bnAb responses, indicating that the ultralong CDRH3 bnAbs are only elicited in the context of the trimer in the absence of many other less restrictive epitopes presented on monomeric gp120. The results support the notion of a hierarchy of epitopes on HIV Env and suggest that, even with the presence in the cow repertoire of ultralong CDRH3s, bnAb epitopes are relatively disfavored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar X. Altman
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Mara Parren
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Huldah Sang
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medical, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - Gabriel Ozorowski
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Wen-Hsin Lee
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Vaughn V. Smider
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Applied Biomedical Science Institute, San Diego, CA, 92127, USA
| | - Ian A. Wilson
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Andrew B. Ward
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Waithaka Mwangi
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medical, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - Dennis R. Burton
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Devin Sok
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, New York, NY 10004, USA
- Lead contact
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Altman PX, Ozorowski G, Stanfield RL, Haakenson J, Appel M, Parren M, Lee WH, Sang H, Woehl J, Saye-Francisco K, Joyce C, Song G, Porter K, Landais E, Andrabi R, Wilson IA, Ward AB, Mwangi W, Smider VV, Burton DR, Sok D. Immunization of cows with HIV envelope trimers generates broadly neutralizing antibodies to the V2-apex from the ultralong CDRH3 repertoire. bioRxiv 2024:2024.02.13.580058. [PMID: 38405899 PMCID: PMC10888833 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.13.580058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The generation of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) to specific HIV epitopes of the HIV Envelope (Env) is one of the cornerstones of HIV vaccine research. The current animal models we use have been unable to reliable produce a broadly neutralizing antibody response, with the exception of cows. Cows have rapidly and reliably produced a CD4 binding site response by homologous prime and boosting with a native-like Env trimer. In small animal models other engineered immunogens previously have been able to focus antibody responses to the bnAb V2-apex region of Env. Here, we immunized two groups of cows (n=4) with two regiments of V2-apex focusing immunogens to investigate whether antibody responses could be directed to the V2-apex on Env. Group 1 were immunized with chimpanzee simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-Env trimer that shares its V2-apex with HIV, followed by immunization with C108, a V2-apex focusing immunogen, and finally boosted with a cross-clade native-like trimer cocktail. Group 2 were immunized with HIV C108 Env trimer followed by the same HIV trimer cocktail as Group 1. Longitudinal serum analysis showed that one cow in each group developed serum neutralizing antibody responses to the V2-apex. Eight and 11 bnAbs were isolated from Group 1 and Group 2 cows respectively. The best bnAbs had both medium breadth and potency. Potent and broad responses developed later than previous CD4bs cow bnAbs and required several different immunogens. All isolated bnAbs were derived from the ultralong CDRH3 repertoire. The finding that cow antibodies can target multiple broadly neutralizing epitopes on the HIV surface reveals important insight into the generation of immunogens and testing in the cow animal model. The exclusive isolation of ultralong CDRH3 bnAbs, despite only comprising a small percent of the cow repertoire, suggests these antibodies outcompete the long and short CDRH3 antibodies during the bnAb response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar X. Altman
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gabriel Ozorowski
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Robyn L. Stanfield
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jeremy Haakenson
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Applied Biomedical Science Institute, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Michael Appel
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mara Parren
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wen-Hsin Lee
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Huldah Sang
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medical, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Jordan Woehl
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karen Saye-Francisco
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Collin Joyce
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ge Song
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Katelyn Porter
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Elise Landais
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, New York, NY, USA
| | - Raiees Andrabi
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ian A. Wilson
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Andrew B. Ward
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Waithaka Mwangi
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medical, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Vaughn V. Smider
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Applied Biomedical Science Institute, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Dennis R. Burton
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Devin Sok
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, New York, NY, USA
- Lead contact
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3
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Huang R, Warner Jenkins G, Kim Y, Stanfield RL, Singh A, Martinez-Yamout M, Kroon GJ, Torres JL, Jackson AM, Kelley A, Shaabani N, Zeng B, Bacica M, Chen W, Warner C, Radoicic J, Joh J, Dinali Perera K, Sang H, Kim T, Yao J, Zhao F, Sok D, Burton DR, Allen J, Harriman W, Mwangi W, Chung D, Teijaro JR, Ward AB, Dyson HJ, Wright PE, Wilson IA, Chang KO, McGregor D, Smider VV. The smallest functional antibody fragment: Ultralong CDR H3 antibody knob regions potently neutralize SARS-CoV-2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2303455120. [PMID: 37722054 PMCID: PMC10523490 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2303455120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cows produce antibodies with a disulfide-bonded antigen-binding domain embedded within ultralong heavy chain third complementarity determining regions. This "knob" domain is analogous to natural cysteine-rich peptides such as knottins in that it is small and stable but can accommodate diverse loops and disulfide bonding patterns. We immunized cattle with SARS-CoV-2 spike and found ultralong CDR H3 antibodies that could neutralize several viral variants at picomolar IC50 potencies in vitro and could protect from disease in vivo. The independent CDR H3 peptide knobs were expressed and maintained the properties of the parent antibodies. The knob interaction with SARS-CoV-2 spike was revealed by electron microscopy, X-ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry and established ultralong CDR H3-derived knobs as the smallest known recombinant independent antigen-binding fragment. Unlike other vertebrate antibody fragments, these knobs are not reliant on the immunoglobulin domain and have potential as a new class of therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqi Huang
- Applied Biomedical Science Institute, San Diego, CA92127
| | | | - Yunjeong Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS66506
| | - Robyn L. Stanfield
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Amrinder Singh
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Maria Martinez-Yamout
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Gerard J. Kroon
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Jonathan L. Torres
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Abigail M. Jackson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Abigail Kelley
- Applied Biomedical Science Institute, San Diego, CA92127
| | - Namir Shaabani
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | | | | | - Wen Chen
- Ligand Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, CA92121
| | | | | | - Joongho Joh
- School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY40202
| | - Krishani Dinali Perera
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS66506
| | - Huldah Sang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS66506
| | - Tae Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS66506
| | - Jianxiu Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS66506
| | - Fangzhu Zhao
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Devin Sok
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Dennis R. Burton
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Jeff Allen
- Ligand Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, CA92121
| | | | - Waithaka Mwangi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS66506
| | - Donghoon Chung
- School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY40202
| | - John R. Teijaro
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Andrew B. Ward
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - H. Jane Dyson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Peter E. Wright
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
- The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Ian A. Wilson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
- The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Kyeong-Ok Chang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS66506
| | | | - Vaughn V. Smider
- Applied Biomedical Science Institute, San Diego, CA92127
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
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Zajac MD, Trujillo JD, Yao J, Kumar R, Sangewar N, Lokhandwala S, Sang H, Mallen K, McCall J, Burton L, Kumar D, Heitmann E, Burnum T, Waghela SD, Almes K, Richt J, Kim T, Mwangi W. Immunization of pigs with replication-incompetent adenovirus-vectored African swine fever virus multi-antigens induced humoral immune responses but no protection following contact challenge. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1208275. [PMID: 37404778 PMCID: PMC10316028 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1208275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a pathogen of great economic importance given that continues to threaten the pork industry worldwide, but there is no safe vaccine or treatment available. Development of a vaccine is feasible as immunization of pigs with some live attenuated ASFV vaccine candidates can confer protection, but safety concerns and virus scalability are challenges that must to be addressed. Identification of protective ASFV antigens is needed to inform the development of efficacious subunit vaccines. Methods In this study, replication-incompetent adenovirus-vectored multicistronic ASFV antigen expression constructs that covered nearly 100% of the ASFV proteome were generated and validated using ASFV convalescent serum. Swine were immunized with a cocktail of the expression constructs, designated Ad5-ASFV, alone or formulated with either Montanide ISA-201™ (ASFV-ISA-201) or BioMize® adjuvant (ASFV-BioMize). Results These constructs primed strong B cell responses as judged by anti-pp62-specific IgG responses. Notably, the Ad5-ASFV and the Ad5-ASFV ISA-201, but not the Ad5-ASFV BioMize®, immunogens primed significantly (p < 0.0001) higher anti-pp62-specific IgG responses compared with Ad5-Luciferase formulated with Montanide ISA-201™ adjuvant (Luc-ISA-201). The anti-pp62-specific IgG responses underwent significant (p < 0.0001) recall in all the vaccinees after boosting and the induced antibodies strongly recognized ASFV (Georgia 2007/1)-infected primary swine cells. However, following challenge by contact spreaders, only one pig nearly immunized with the Ad5-ASFV cocktail survived. The survivor had no typical clinical symptoms, but had viral loads and lesions consistent with chronic ASF. Discussion Besides the limited sample size used, the outcome suggests that in vivo antigen expression, but not the antigen content, might be the limitation of this immunization approach as the replication-incompetent adenovirus does not amplify in vivo to effectively prime and expand protective immunity or directly mimic the gene transcription mechanisms of attenuated ASFV. Addressing the in vivo antigen delivery limitations may yield promising outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle D. Zajac
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Jessie D. Trujillo
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Jianxiu Yao
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Rakshith Kumar
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Neha Sangewar
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Shehnaz Lokhandwala
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Huldah Sang
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Kylynn Mallen
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Jayden McCall
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Leeanna Burton
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Emily Heitmann
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Tristan Burnum
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Suryakant D. Waghela
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Kelli Almes
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Juergen Richt
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Tae Kim
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Waithaka Mwangi
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
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5
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Onkanga IO, Sang H, Hamilton R, Ondigo BN, Jaoko W, Odiere MR, Ganley-Leal L. CD193
(
CCR3
) expression by B cells correlates with reduced
IgE
production in paediatric schistosomiasis. Parasite Immunol 2023; 45:e12979. [PMID: 36971331 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that CD193, the eotaxin receptor, is highly expressed on circulating B cells in paediatric schistosomiasis mansoni. CD193 plays a role in directing granulocytes into sites of allergic-like inflammation in the mucosa, but little is known about its functional significance on human B cells. We sought to characterize CD193 expression and its relationship with S. mansoni infection. We found that CD193+ B cells increased with the intensity of schistosome infection. In addition, a significant negative association was observed between CD193 expression by B cells and IgE production. Decreased IgE levels are generally associated with susceptibility to re-infection. B cell stimulation with eotaxin-1 increased CD193 levels whereas IL-4 led to a reduction. This was supported by plasma levels of eotaxin-1 correlating with CD193 levels on B cells and other cells. In contrast, CD193 expression was induced on naive B cells with a combination of IL-10 and schistosome antigens. Whereas T cells had a modest increase in CD193 expression, only B cell CD193 appeared functionally chemotactic to eotaxin-1. Thus, CD193+ B cells, which co-express CXCR5, may be enroute to sites with allergic-like inflammation, such as gastrointestinal follicles, or even to Th2 granulomas, which develop around parasite eggs. Overall, our results suggest that schistosome infection may promote CD193 expression and suppress IgE via IL-10 and other undefined mechanisms related to B cell trafficking. This study adds to our understanding of why young children may have poor immunity. Nonetheless, praziquantel treatment was shown to reduce percentages of circulating CD193+ B cells lending hope for future vaccine efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- I O Onkanga
- Center for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
- KAVI-Institute of Clinical Research, and Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - H Sang
- Center for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - R Hamilton
- Elegance Biotechnologies, LLC, Wayne, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - B N Ondigo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Egerton University, Egerton, Kenya
| | - W Jaoko
- KAVI-Institute of Clinical Research, and Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - M R Odiere
- Center for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - L Ganley-Leal
- Elegance Biotechnologies, LLC, Wayne, Pennsylvania, USA
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6
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Hong H, Zhu H, Li C, Zang C, Sang H, Chen L, Wang A. [FNDC1 is highly expressed in lung adenocarcinoma and closely related with poor prognosis]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2022; 42:1182-1190. [PMID: 36073217 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2022.08.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the expression of fibronectin type Ⅲ domain containing 1(FNDC1) protein in lung adenocarcinoma and its prognostic significance. METHODS The expression of FNDC1 in lung adenocarcinoma was predicted by analysis of data from GEO database and GEPIA, and the results were verified by immunohistochemical staining in 92 pairs of clinical specimens of lung adenocarcinoma and adjacent tissues.We further analyzed the correlation of FNDC1 expression with the clinicopathological features of the patients, and evaluated its prognostic value using Cox survival analysis. RESULTS Analysis of the data form GEO database and GEPIA showed a significantly higher expression level of FNDC1 in lung adenocarcinoma than in matched normal tissues (P < 0.05).Kaplan-Meier survival analysis suggested that a high expression of FNDC1 protein was associated with a significantly shorter overall survival time of the patients (P < 0.05).Immunohistochemistry of the clinical specimens also showed a significantly higher protein expression of FNDC1 in lung adenocarcinoma tissues than in paired adjacent tissues (P < 0.001).A high expression of FNDC1 protein was significantly correlated with advanced clinical stage, T stage and N stage (P < 0.05).Cox univariate and multivariate regression survival analysis indicated that an increased expression of FNDC1 was an independent risk factor for poor prognosis of the patients with lung adenocarcinoma (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION FNDC1 protein is highly expressed in patients with lung adenocarcinoma and in closely related with the occurrence, progression and prognosis of the tumor, suggesting the value of FNDC1 protein as a potential biomarker for assessment of the survival and prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China.,Graduate School of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - H Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China.,Graduate School of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - C Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China.,Graduate School of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - C Zang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China.,Graduate School of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - H Sang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - L Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - A Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China
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Zajac MD, Sangewar N, Lokhandwala S, Bray J, Sang H, McCall J, Bishop RP, Waghela SD, Kumar R, Kim T, Mwangi W. Adenovirus-Vectored African Swine Fever Virus pp220 Induces Robust Antibody, IFN-γ, and CTL Responses in Pigs. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:921481. [PMID: 35711803 PMCID: PMC9195138 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.921481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) poses a serious threat to the pork industry worldwide; however, there is no safe vaccine or treatment available. The development of an efficacious subunit vaccine will require the identification of protective antigens. The ASFV pp220 polyprotein is essential for virus structural integrity. This polyprotein is processed to generate p5, p34, p14, p37, and p150 individual proteins. Immunization of pigs with a cocktail of adenoviruses expressing the proteins induced significant IgG, IFN-γ-secreting cells, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses. Four predicted SLA-I binding nonamer peptides, namely p34161−169, p37859−867, p1501363−1371, and p1501463−1471, recalled strong IFN-γ+ PBMC and splenocyte responses. Notably, peptide p34161−169 was recognized by PBMCs isolated from 7/10 pigs and by splenocytes isolated from 8/10 pigs. Peptides p37859−867 and p1501363−1371 stimulated recall IFN-γ+ responses in PBMCs and splenocytes isolated from 8/10 pigs, whereas peptide p1501463−1471 recalled responses in PBMCs and splenocytes isolated from 7/10 to 9/10 pigs, respectively. The results demonstrate that the pp220 polyprotein contains multiple epitopes that induce robust immune responses in pigs. Importantly, these epitopes are 100% conserved among different ASFV genotypes and were predicted to bind multiple SLA-I alleles. The outcomes suggest that pp220 is a promising candidate for inclusion in a prototype subunit vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle D. Zajac
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
- *Correspondence: Michelle D. Zajac
| | - Neha Sangewar
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Shehnaz Lokhandwala
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Jocelyne Bray
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Huldah Sang
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Jayden McCall
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Richard P. Bishop
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Suryakant D. Waghela
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Rakshith Kumar
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Tae Kim
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Waithaka Mwangi
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
- Waithaka Mwangi
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8
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Liu K, Zeng M, Chen J, Hui Y, Kong Q, Duan Q, Sang H. Multisystem Langerhans cell histiocytosis with diabetes insipidus in an adult. Indian J Dermatol 2022; 67:184-186. [PMID: 36092185 PMCID: PMC9455141 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_741_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kh Liu
- From the Jinling Hospital Department of Dermatology, Nanjing 210002, P R China,Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210002, P R China
| | - Mh Zeng
- From the Jinling Hospital Department of Dermatology, Nanjing 210002, P R China
| | - J Chen
- From the Jinling Hospital Department of Dermatology, Nanjing 210002, P R China
| | - Y Hui
- From the Jinling Hospital Department of Dermatology, Nanjing 210002, P R China
| | - Qt Kong
- From the Jinling Hospital Department of Dermatology, Nanjing 210002, P R China
| | - Qf Duan
- Unit 31610 of the PLA, Zhejiang 310000, P R China E-mail:
| | - H Sang
- From the Jinling Hospital Department of Dermatology, Nanjing 210002, P R China,Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210002, P R China
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9
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Yuan F, Chen J, Liu F, Dang YC, Kong QT, Sang H. Successful treatment of pulmonary mucormycosis caused by Rhizopus microsporus with posaconazole. Eur J Med Res 2021; 26:131. [PMID: 34775981 PMCID: PMC8591890 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-021-00602-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mucormycosis is a rare fungal infection occurring chiefly in the lung or the rhino-orbital-cerebral compartment, particularly in patients with immunodeficiency or diabetes mellitus. Among Mucorales fungi, Rhizopus spp. are the most common cause of mucormycosis. Case presentation We report a case of pulmonary mucormycosis caused by Rhizopus microsporus in a young patient with diabetes but no other apparent risk factors. The diagnosis mainly relied on clinical manifestation, positive pulmonary tissue biopsy, and fungal culture. The patient was successfully treated with posaconazole oral suspension and remains asymptomatic at one-year follow-up. Conclusions Pulmonary mucormycosis is a life-threatening condition and posaconazole is an effective treatment for pulmonary mucormycosis caused by Rhizopus microspores.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Yuan
- Sch Med, Southeast Univ, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - J Chen
- Dept Dermatology, Sch Med, Jinling Hosp, Nanjing Univ, Nanjing, 210002, People's Republic of China
| | - F Liu
- Dept Dermatology, Sch Med, Jinling Hosp, Nanjing Univ, Nanjing, 210002, People's Republic of China
| | - Y C Dang
- Dept Dermatology, Sch Med, Jinling Hosp, Nanjing Univ, Nanjing, 210002, People's Republic of China
| | - Q T Kong
- Dept Dermatology, Sch Med, Jinling Hosp, Nanjing Univ, Nanjing, 210002, People's Republic of China.
| | - H Sang
- Dept Dermatology, Sch Med, Jinling Hosp, Nanjing Univ, Nanjing, 210002, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Chen XQ, Zheng DY, Xiao YY, Dong BL, Cao CW, Ma L, Tong ZS, Zhu M, Liu ZH, Xi LY, Fu M, Jin Y, Yin B, Li FQ, Li XF, Abliz P, Liu HF, Zhang Y, Yu N, Wu WW, Xiong XC, Zeng JS, Huang HQ, Jiang YP, Chen GZ, Pan WH, Sang H, Wang Y, Guo Y, Shi DM, Yang JX, Chen W, Wan Z, Li RY, Wang AP, Ran YP, Yu J. Aetiology of tinea capitis in China: A multicentre prospective study. Br J Dermatol 2021; 186:705-712. [PMID: 34741300 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.20875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tinea capitis is still common in developing countries, such as China. Its pathogen spectrum varies across regions and changes over time. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to clarify the current epidemiological characteristics and pathogen spectrum of tinea capitis in China. METHODS A multicentre, prospective descriptive study involving 29 tertiary hospitals in China was conducted. From August 2019 to July 2020, 611 patients with tinea capitis were enrolled. Data concerning demography, risk factors and fungal tests were collected. The pathogens were further identified by morphology or molecular sequencing when necessary in the central laboratory. RESULTS Among all enrolled patients, 74.1% of the cases were 2- to 8-year-olds. The children with tinea capitis were mainly boys (56.2%) and more likely to have an animal contact history (57.4% vs. 35.3%, P = 0.012) and zoophilic dermatophyte infection (73.5%). The adults were mainly females (83.3%) and more likely to have anthropophilic agent infection (53.5%). The most common pathogen was zoophilic Microsporum canis (354, 65.2%), followed by anthropophilic Trichophyton violaceum (74, 13.6%). In contrast to the eastern, western and northeastern regions where zoophilic M. canis predominated, anthropophilic T. violaceum predominated in central China (69.2%, P < 0.0001), where the patients had the most tinea at other sites (20.3%) and dermatophytosis contact (25.9%) with the least animal contact (38.8%). Microsporum ferrugineum was the most common anthropophilic agent in the western area, especially in Xinjiang Province. CONCLUSIONS Boys aged approximately 5 years were mainly affected. Dermatologists are advised to pay more attention to the different transmission routes and pathogen spectra in different age groups from different regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- X-Q Chen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Skin and Immune Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Cosmetics, Beijing, China
| | - D-Y Zheng
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Y-Y Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - B-L Dong
- Department of Dermatology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - C-W Cao
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - L Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Z-S Tong
- Department of Dermatology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - M Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Z-H Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Affiliated Hangzhou Dermatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - L-Y Xi
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - M Fu
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Y Jin
- Department of Dermatology, Dermatology Hospital of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - B Yin
- Department of Dermatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - F-Q Li
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - X-F Li
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - P Abliz
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - H-F Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - N Yu
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - W-W Wu
- Department of Dermatology, the Fifth People's Hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou, China
| | - X-C Xiong
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - J-S Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - H-Q Huang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Y-P Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - G-Z Chen
- Department of Dermatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - W-H Pan
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - H Sang
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Changhai Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Guo
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - D-M Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Jining No, People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - J-X Yang
- Department of Dermatology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - W Chen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Skin and Immune Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Cosmetics, Beijing, China
| | - Z Wan
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Skin and Immune Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Cosmetics, Beijing, China
| | - R-Y Li
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Skin and Immune Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Cosmetics, Beijing, China
| | - A-P Wang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Skin and Immune Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Cosmetics, Beijing, China
| | - Y-P Ran
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - J Yu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, National Clinical Research Centre for Skin and Immune Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Cosmetics, Beijing, China
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11
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Sang H, Li WJ, Zhou Y, Zhu H. [Advances in research on the relationship between bile acid, gut microbiota and the occurrence and development of cholangiocarcinoma]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2021; 29:493-496. [PMID: 34107593 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20200211-00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma is a kind of malignant tumor that originates from the bile duct epithelium. Due to its insidious nature, there is no effective early diagnosis and treatment method. Therefore, once it is detected, it is at an advanced stage and has a poor prognosis. Bile acid is the main component of bile, which acts on cholangiocytes through bile acid receptors and plays a key role in the development of cholangiocarcinoma. Gut microbiota can participate in the occurrence of cholangiocarcinoma by regulating bile acid metabolism. This review mainly focuses on the role of bile acid and bile acid receptors in the occurrence and development of cholangiocarcinoma and the impact of gut microbiota in it.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - W J Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Y Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - H Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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12
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SANGEWAR NEHAS, Waghela SD, Yao J, Sang H, Bray JM, Mwangi W. Novel potent IFN-γ-inducing CD8+ T cell epitopes conserved among diverse Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus strains. The Journal of Immunology 2021. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.206.supp.104.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Studies of immune responses elicited by Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) vaccines have primarily focused on the characterization of neutralizing B cell and CD4+ T cell epitopes. Despite availability of vaccines for decades, BVDV prevalence in cattle remains largely unaffected. There is limited knowledge regarding the role of BVDV-specific CD8+ T cells in immune protection and indirect evidence suggests that they play a crucial role during BVDV infection. In this study, presence of BVDV-specific CD8+ T cells that are highly cross-reactive in cattle was demonstrated. Most importantly, novel potent IFN-γ-inducing CD8+ T cell epitopes were identified from different regions of BVDV polyprotein. Eight CD8+ T cell epitopes were identified from structural BVDV antigens: Erns, E1, and E2 glycoproteins. In addition, from nonstructural BVDV antigens: Npro, NS2-3, NS4A-B, and NS5A-B, twenty CD8+ T cell epitopes were identified. Majority of these IFN-γ-inducing CD8+ T cell epitopes were found to be highly conserved among more than two hundred strains from BVDV-1 and -2 genotypes. These conserved epitopes were also validated as cross-reactive since they induced high recall IFN-γ+ CD8+ T cell responses, ex vivo, in purified CD8+ T cells from BVDV-1- and -2-immunized cattle. Altogether, twenty-eight bovine MHC I-binding epitopes were identified from key BVDV antigens that can elicit broadly reactive CD8+ T cells against diverse BVDV strains. The data presented here will lay the groundwork for the development of a contemporary CD8+ T cell-based BVDV vaccine capable of addressing BVDV heterogeneity more effectively than current vaccines.
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Sangewar N, Waghela SD, Yao J, Sang H, Bray J, Mwangi W. Novel Potent IFN-γ-Inducing CD8 + T Cell Epitopes Conserved among Diverse Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Strains. J Immunol 2021; 206:1709-1718. [PMID: 33762324 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Studies of immune responses elicited by bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) vaccines have primarily focused on the characterization of neutralizing B cell and CD4+ T cell epitopes. Despite the availability of commercial vaccines for decades, BVDV prevalence in cattle has remained largely unaffected. There is limited knowledge regarding the role of BVDV-specific CD8+ T cells in immune protection, and indirect evidence suggests that they play a crucial role during BVDV infection. In this study, the presence of BVDV-specific CD8+ T cells that are highly cross-reactive in cattle was demonstrated. Most importantly, novel potent IFN-γ-inducing CD8+ T cell epitopes were identified from different regions of BVDV polyprotein. Eight CD8+ T cell epitopes were identified from the following structural BVDV Ags: Erns, E1, and E2 glycoproteins. In addition, from nonstructural BVDV Ags Npro, NS2-3, NS4A-B, and NS5A-B, 20 CD8+ T cell epitopes were identified. The majority of these IFN-γ-inducing CD8+ T cell epitopes were found to be highly conserved among more than 200 strains from BVDV-1 and -2 genotypes. These conserved epitopes were also validated as cross-reactive because they induced high recall IFN-γ+CD8+ T cell responses ex vivo in purified bovine CD8+ T cells isolated from BVDV-1- and -2-immunized cattle. Altogether, 28 bovine MHC class I-binding epitopes were identified from key BVDV Ags that can elicit broadly reactive CD8+ T cells against diverse BVDV strains. The data presented in this study will lay the groundwork for the development of a contemporary CD8+ T cell-based BVDV vaccine capable of addressing BVDV heterogeneity more effectively than current vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Sangewar
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506; and
| | - Suryakant D Waghela
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Jianxiu Yao
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506; and
| | - Huldah Sang
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506; and
| | - Jocelyn Bray
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Waithaka Mwangi
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506; and
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14
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Guo ZX, Zhou FZ, Song W, Yu LL, Yan WJ, Yin LH, Sang H, Zhang HY. Suppression of microRNA-101 attenuates hypoxia-induced myocardial H9c2 cell injury by targeting DIMT1-Sp1/survivin pathway. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 24:11986. [PMID: 33336713 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202012_23952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The article "Suppression of microRNA-101 attenuates hypoxia-induced myocardial H9c2 cell injury by targeting DIMT1-Sp1/survivin pathway, by Z.-X. Guo, F.-Z. Zhou, W. Song, L.-L. Yu, W.-J. Yan, L.-H. Yin, H. Sang, H.-Y. Zhang, published in Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2018; 22 (20): 6965-6976-DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201810_16167-PMID: 30402863" has been withdrawn from the authors due to some inaccuracies. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. https://www.europeanreview.org/article/16167.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z-X Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian, China
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15
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Sangewar N, Hassan W, Lokhandwala S, Bray J, Reith R, Markland M, Sang H, Yao J, Fritz B, Waghela SD, Abdelsalam KW, Chase CCL, Mwangi W. Mosaic Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Antigens Elicit Cross-Protective Immunity in Calves. Front Immunol 2020; 11:589537. [PMID: 33281819 PMCID: PMC7690067 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.589537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) is an important pathogen that plays a significant role in initiating Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex (BRDC) in cattle. The disease causes multi-billion dollar losses globally due to high calf mortality and increased morbidity leading to heavy use of antibiotics. Current commercial vaccines provide limited cross-protection with several drawbacks such as safety, immunosuppression, potential reversion to virulence, and induction of neonatal pancytopenia. This study evaluates two prototype vaccines containing multiple rationally designed recombinant mosaic BVDV antigens for their potential to confer cross-protection against diverse BVDV strains. Genes encoding three novel mosaic antigens, designated E2123, NS2-31, and NS2-32, were designed in silico and expressed in mammalian cells for the formulation of a prototype protein-based vaccine. The mosaic antigens contain highly conserved protective epitopes from BVDV-1a, -1b, and -2, and included unique neutralizing epitopes from disparate strains to broaden coverage. We tested immunogenicity and protective efficacy of Expi293TM-expressed mosaic antigens (293F-E2123, 293F-NS2-31, and 293F-NS2-32), and baculovirus-expressed E2123 (Bac-E2123) mosaic antigen in calves. The Expi293TM-expressed antigen cocktail induced robust BVDV-specific cross-reactive IFN-γ responses, broadly neutralizing antibodies, and following challenge with a BVDV-1b strain, the calves had significantly (p < 0.05) reduced viremia and clinical BVD disease compared to the calves vaccinated with a commercial killed vaccine. The Bac-E2123 antigen was not as effective as the Expi293TM-expressed antigen cocktail, but it protected calves from BVD disease better than the commercial killed vaccine. The findings support feasibility for development of a broadly protective subunit BVDV vaccine for safe and effective management of BRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Sangewar
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Wisam Hassan
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Shehnaz Lokhandwala
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Jocelyn Bray
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Rachel Reith
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Mary Markland
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Huldah Sang
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Jianxiu Yao
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Bailey Fritz
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Suryakant D Waghela
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Karim W Abdelsalam
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States
| | - Christopher C L Chase
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States
| | - Waithaka Mwangi
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
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16
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Kong QT, Duan YY, Yuan F, Chen J, Liu F, Dang YC, Sang H. Subcutaneous Infection Caused by Cladosporium sphaerospermum: A Case Report. Mycopathologia 2020; 186:135-136. [PMID: 33136225 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-020-00503-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Q T Kong
- Jinling Hospital, Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Y Duan
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, People's Republic of China
| | - F Yuan
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - J Chen
- Jinling Hospital, Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, People's Republic of China
| | - F Liu
- Jinling Hospital, Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, People's Republic of China
| | - Y C Dang
- Jinling Hospital, Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, People's Republic of China
| | - H Sang
- Jinling Hospital, Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, People's Republic of China.
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Ma M, Sang H, Ye Y, Zhuang H, Zhuang Z, Qiu Y, Li X, Xu D, Jiang MH. An analysis of the variations and clinical applications of the lateral circumflex femoral artery. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2020; 80:557-566. [PMID: 32827310 DOI: 10.5603/fm.a2020.0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying the arterial variation of the lateral circumflex femoral artery (LCFA) is a vital step in planning surgical and radiological approach. The aim of the study was to evaluate the variations and discuss the clinical correlates of the LCFA. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty eight adult cadavers (male 45, female 13) with 115 usable sides were used to assess and classify the origin and branches of the LCFA. Also its external diameter, distance from mid-inguinal ligament to sites of origin from the profunda femoris artery or femoral arteries. RESULTS There were seven types of LCFA variations in this sample. We classified them as types A to G, of which type A was normal, that is, the one showing a single LCFA arising from the profunda femoris artery. Nearly 50.43% of the sample had type B-G variations, each having 13, 10, 23, 4, 4, and 3 cases, accounting for 11.30%, 8.70%, 20.00%, 3.48%, 3.48%, and 2.61%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS There are many variant types in the LCFA. To avoid iatrogenic injuries, clinicians must have a sound understanding of the variation types of this important blood vessel.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ma
- Department of Human Anatomy Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - H Sang
- Department of Human Anatomy Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Y Ye
- Department of Human Anatomy Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - H Zhuang
- Department of Human Anatomy Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Z Zhuang
- Department of Human Anatomy Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Y Qiu
- Department of Human Anatomy Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - X Li
- Department of Human Anatomy Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - D Xu
- Department of Human Anatomy Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - M H Jiang
- Department of Human Anatomy Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.
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Chen P, Liu J, Zeng M, Sang H. Exploring the molecular mechanism of azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus. J Mycol Med 2020; 30:100915. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2019.100915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Sang H, Miller G, Lokhandwala S, Sangewar N, Waghela SD, Bishop RP, Mwangi W. Progress Toward Development of Effective and Safe African Swine Fever Virus Vaccines. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:84. [PMID: 32154279 PMCID: PMC7047163 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
African swine fever is a major concern due to its negative impact on pork production in affected regions. Due to lack of treatment and a safe vaccine, it has been extremely difficult to control this devastating disease. The mechanisms of virus entry, replication within the host cells, immune evasion mechanisms, correlates of protection, and antigens that are effective at inducing host immune response, are now gradually being identified. This information is required for rational design of novel disease control strategies. Pigs which recover from infection with less virulent ASFV isolates can be protected from challenge with related virulent isolates. This strongly indicates that an effective vaccine against ASFV could be developed. Nonetheless, it is clear that effective immunity depends on both antibody and cellular immune responses. This review paper summarizes the key studies that have evaluated three major approaches for development of African Swine Fever virus vaccines. Recent immunization strategies have involved development and in vivo evaluation of live attenuated virus, and recombinant protein- and DNA-based and virus-vectored subunit vaccine candidates. The limitations of challenge models for evaluating ASFV vaccine candidates are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huldah Sang
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Gabrielle Miller
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Shehnaz Lokhandwala
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Neha Sangewar
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Suryakant D. Waghela
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Richard P. Bishop
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Waithaka Mwangi
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
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Li X, Guan L, Zilundu PLM, Chen J, Chen Z, Ma M, Zhuang H, Zhuang Z, Qiu Y, Ye F, Wu X, Sang H, Ye Y, Han Y, Yao H, Li H, Zhong G, Wu H, Jiang Z, Chu G, Xu D, Zhou L. The applied anatomy and clinical significance of the proximal, V1 segment of vertebral artery. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2019; 78:710-719. [PMID: 30949997 DOI: 10.5603/fm.a2019.0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to probe the morphological features of the proximal segment (V1) of vertebral artery (VA) in a sample of Chinese cadavers. MATERIALS AND METHODS The origin, course and outer diameter at origin of the pre-vertebral part of the VAs were evaluated in 119 adult cadavers. RESULTS It was found that 94.12% of the VAs originated from the subclavian arteries, bilaterally. The variant origins were present in 5.88% of the cadavers and all originated directly from the arch of the aorta. All the variations were observed on the left side of male cadavers. The average outer diameters at origin of the normal and variation groups were 4.35 ± 1.00 mm and 4.82 ± ± 1.42 mm, respectively, p = 0.035. In the normal group, but not in the variation group, the average diameter in the males was significantly larger than that in the females (4.50 ± 0.99 mm, 3.92 ± 0.92 mm, respectively, p = 0.000). In addition, only 5 cadavers in the normal group had hypoplastic VAs (4.20%, 4 males, 3 right-sided). Vertebral artery dominance (VAD) was present in 91 (69 males) out of 112 cadavers and more common on the left (n = 48). In addition, 3 cadavers satisfied conditions for coexistence of VAD and vertebral artery hypoplasia. All 7 cadavers in the variation group exhibited VAD, which was more common on the right side (n = 5). CONCLUSIONS The morphologic variations and frequencies described above have implications for the early prevention, abnormal anatomy detection, accurate diagnosis, safe surgery and endovascular treatment of cardiovascular and neurological disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - L Guan
- Department of Human Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Prince L M Zilundu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - J Chen
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Z Chen
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - M Ma
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - H Zhuang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Z Zhuang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Y Qiu
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - F Ye
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - X Wu
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - H Sang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Y Ye
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Y Han
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - H Yao
- Department of Human Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - H Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - G Zhong
- Department of Human Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - H Wu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Z Jiang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - G Chu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - D Xu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - L Zhou
- Department of Human Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China.,Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
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21
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Guo ZX, Zhou FZ, Song W, Yu LL, Yan WJ, Yin LH, Sang H, Zhang HY. Suppression of microRNA-101 attenuates hypoxia-induced myocardial H9c2 cell injury by targeting DIMT1-Sp1/survivin pathway. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2018; 22:6965-6976. [PMID: 30402863 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201810_16167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small single-stranded RNAs in eukaryotic cells, which play important regulatory roles in the pathogenesis of various diseases. We aimed to investigate the effects of miRNA-101 (miR-101) on hypoxia-induced myocardial infarction (MI) cell injury model (myocardial H9c2 cell injury model). The possible target gene of miR-101 was also analyzed. MATERIALS AND METHODS H9c2 cells were exposed to hypoxia treatment. Cell viability, migration, invasion, apoptosis and the expression of miR-101 were detected using CCK-8 assay, transwell assay, flow cytometer analysis, Western blotting and qRT-PCR, respectively. Then, the effects of miR-101 overexpression or suppression on the cell injury induced by hypoxia were assessed. Dual luciferase reporter assay was used to analyze the possible target gene of miR-101. Finally, the effects of dimethyladenosine transferase 1 homolog (DIMT1), the possible target gene of miR-101, on H9c2 cell injury were investigated. RESULTS Hypoxia significantly induced H9c2 cell injury. miR-101 was up-regulated after hypoxia induction. Hypoxia-induced cell injury was significantly reversed by miR-101 suppression and exacerbated by miR-101 overexpression. DIMT1 was a direct target gene of miR-101. Knockdown of DIMT1 markedly inhibited the protective effects of miR-101 suppression on hypoxia-induced cell injury by suppressing specific protein 1 (Sp1)/Survivin pathway. CONCLUSIONS We verified the critical roles of miR-101 in regulating myocardial cell injury induced by hypoxia. DIMT1-mediated the Sp1/Survivin pathway was also involved in this process. Our findings replenished the understanding of the regulatory roles of miRNAs in hypoxia-induced MI cell injury and provided new molecular target for therapy and diagnosis of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z-X Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian, China.
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22
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Kou CX, Zhang YY, Kong QT, Li J, Zhang M, Li GW, Chen J, Liu F, Ren JA, Sang H. The author's reply to comment on 'psoriasis/inflammatory bowel diseases: a time to solve the liaison'. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2018; 32:e340-e341. [PMID: 29512193 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C X Kou
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Y Y Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Q T Kong
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - M Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - G W Li
- Department of Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - J Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - F Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - J A Ren
- Department of Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - H Sang
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Kou CX, Zhang YY, Li GW, Li J, Kong QT, Chen J, Liu F, Zhang M, Wang FY, Jiang Y, Hao LY, Ren JA, Sang H. Mucocutaneous manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease in central China -a single-centre study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2017; 32:e211-e212. [PMID: 29194792 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C X Kou
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Y Y Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - G W Li
- Department of Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Q T Kong
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - J Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - F Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - M Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - F Y Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Y Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - L Y Hao
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - J A Ren
- Department of Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - H Sang
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Ding P, Ren D, He S, He M, Zhang G, Chen Y, Sang H, Peng Z, Yan W. Sirt1 mediates improvement in cognitive defects induced by focal cerebral ischemia following hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning in rats. Physiol Res 2017; 66:1029-1039. [PMID: 28937253 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning (HBO-PC) has been proposed as a safe and practical approach for neuroprotection in ischemic stroke. However, it is not known whether HPO-PC can improve cognitive deficits induced by cerebral ischemia, and the mechanistic basis for any beneficial effects remains unclear. We addressed this in the present study using rats subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) as an ischemic stroke model following HBO-PC. Cognitive function and expression of phosphorylated neurofilament heavy polypeptide (pNF-H) and doublecortin (DCX) in the hippocampus were evaluated 14 days after reperfusion and after short interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of sirtuin1 (Sirt1). HBO-PC increased pNF-H and DCX expression and mitigated cognitive deficits in MCAO rats. However, these effects were abolished by Sirt1 knockdown. Our results suggest that HBO-PC can protect the brain from injury caused by ischemia-reperfusion and that Sirt1 is a potential molecular target for therapeutic approaches designed to minimize cognitive deficits caused by cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China, Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. pengzhengwu1446@ 163.com and
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Yang R, Hu ZL, Kong QT, Li WW, Zhang LL, Du X, Huang SY, Xia XY, Sang H. A known mutation in GJB6 in a large Chinese family with hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2016; 30:1362-5. [PMID: 27137747 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Yang
- Department of Dermatology; Jinling Hospital; School of Medicine; Nanjing University; Nanjing China
| | - ZL. Hu
- Department of Dermatology; Jinling Hospital; School of Medicine; Nanjing University; Nanjing China
| | - QT. Kong
- Department of Dermatology; Jinling Hospital; School of Medicine; Nanjing University; Nanjing China
| | - WW. Li
- Department of Reproduction and Genetics; Institute of Laboratory Medicine; Jinling Hospital; School of Medicine; Nanjing University; Nanjing China
| | - LL. Zhang
- Department of Dermatology; Jinling Hospital; School of Medicine; Nanjing University; Nanjing China
| | - X. Du
- Department of Dermatology; Jinling Hospital; School of Medicine; Nanjing University; Nanjing China
| | - SY. Huang
- Department of Dermatology; Jinling Hospital; School of Medicine; Nanjing University; Nanjing China
| | - XY. Xia
- Department of Reproduction and Genetics; Institute of Laboratory Medicine; Jinling Hospital; School of Medicine; Nanjing University; Nanjing China
| | - H. Sang
- Department of Dermatology; Jinling Hospital; School of Medicine; Nanjing University; Nanjing China
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Chen J, Kong QT, Zhang M, Sang H. Recurrent Spitz nevus with multiple satellite lesions on perineum. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2015; 81:96. [PMID: 25566925 DOI: 10.4103/0378-6323.148616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - H Sang
- Jinling Hosp, Dept Dermatology, Nanjing Univ, Sch Med, Nanjing 210002, Peoples R China. Nanjing, China
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Kong QT, Du X, Yang R, Huang SY, Sang H, Liu WD. Chronically Recurrent and Widespread Tinea Corporis Due to Trichophyton rubrum in an Immunocompetent Patient. Mycopathologia 2014; 179:293-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s11046-014-9834-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Li Y, Aggen S, Shi S, Gao J, Li Y, Tao M, Zhang K, Wang X, Gao C, Yang L, Liu Y, Li K, Shi J, Wang G, Liu L, Zhang J, Du B, Jiang G, Shen J, Zhang Z, Liang W, Sun J, Hu J, Liu T, Wang X, Miao G, Meng H, Li Y, Hu C, Li Y, Huang G, Li G, Ha B, Deng H, Mei Q, Zhong H, Gao S, Sang H, Zhang Y, Fang X, Yu F, Yang D, Liu T, Chen Y, Hong X, Wu W, Chen G, Cai M, Song Y, Pan J, Dong J, Pan R, Zhang W, Shen Z, Liu Z, Gu D, Wang X, Liu X, Zhang Q, Flint J, Kendler KS. Subtypes of major depression: latent class analysis in depressed Han Chinese women. Psychol Med 2014; 44:3275-3288. [PMID: 25065911 PMCID: PMC4180813 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291714000749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite substantial research, uncertainty remains about the clinical and etiological heterogeneity of major depression (MD). Can meaningful and valid subtypes be identified and would they be stable cross-culturally? METHOD Symptoms at their lifetime worst depressive episode were assessed at structured psychiatric interview in 6008 women of Han Chinese descent, age ⩾ 30 years, with recurrent DSM-IV MD. Latent class analysis (LCA) was performed in Mplus. RESULTS; Using the nine DSM-IV MD symptomatic A criteria, the 14 disaggregated DSM-IV criteria and all independently assessed depressive symptoms (n = 27), the best LCA model identified respectively three, four and six classes. A severe and non-suicidal class was seen in all solutions, as was a mild/moderate subtype. An atypical class emerged once bidirectional neurovegetative symptoms were included. The non-suicidal class demonstrated low levels of worthlessness/guilt and hopelessness. Patterns of co-morbidity, family history, personality, environmental precipitants, recurrence and body mass index (BMI) differed meaningfully across subtypes, with the atypical class standing out as particularly distinct. CONCLUSIONS MD is a clinically complex syndrome with several detectable subtypes with distinct clinical and demographic correlates. Three subtypes were most consistently identified in our analyses: severe, atypical and non-suicidal. Severe and atypical MD have been identified in multiple prior studies in samples of European ethnicity. Our non-suicidal subtype, with low levels of guilt and hopelessness, may represent a pathoplastic variant reflecting Chinese cultural influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Li
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, UK
| | - S. Aggen
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - S. Shi
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, P.R.C
- Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R.C
| | - J. Gao
- Chinese Traditional Hospital of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R.C
| | - Y. Li
- No.1 Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R.C
| | - M. Tao
- Xinhua Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R.C
| | - K. Zhang
- No. 1 Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R.C
| | - X. Wang
- ShengJing Hospital of China Medical University, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R.C
| | - C. Gao
- No. 1 Hospital of Medical College of Xian Jiaotong University, Xian, Shaanxi, P.R.C
| | - L. Yang
- Jilin Brain Hospital, Siping, Jilin, P.R.C
| | - Y. Liu
- The First Hospital of China Medical University, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R.C
| | - K. Li
- Mental Hospital of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R.C
| | - J. Shi
- Xian Mental Health Center, New Qujiang District, Xian, Shaanxi, P.R.C
| | - G. Wang
- Beijing Anding Hospital of Capital University of Medical Sciences, Xicheng District, Beijing, P.R.C
| | - L. Liu
- Shandong Mental Health Center, Jinan, Shandong, P.R.C
| | - J. Zhang
- No. 3 Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R.C
| | - B. Du
- Hebei Mental Health Center, Baoding, Hebei, P.R.C
| | - G. Jiang
- Chongqing Mental Health Center, Jiangbei District, Chongqing, P.R.C
| | - J. Shen
- Tianjin Anding Hospital, Hexi District, Tianjin, P.R.C
| | - Z. Zhang
- No. 4 Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P.R.C
| | - W. Liang
- Psychiatric Hospital of Henan Province, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R.C
| | - J. Sun
- Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R.C
| | - J. Hu
- Harbin Medical University, Nangang District, Haerbin, Heilongjiang, P.R.C
| | - T. Liu
- Shenzhen Kang Ning Hospital, Luohu District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R.C
| | - X. Wang
- First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R.C
| | - G. Miao
- Guangzhou Brain Hospital (Guangzhou Psychiatric Hospital), Liwan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R.C
| | - H. Meng
- No. 1 Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuanjiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, P.R.C
| | - Y. Li
- Dalian No. 7 Hospital, Ganjingzi District, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R.C
| | - C. Hu
- No. 3 Hospital of Heilongjiang Province, Beian, Heilongjiang, P.R.C
| | - Y. Li
- Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R.C
| | - G. Huang
- Sichuan Mental Health Center, Mianyang, Sichuan, P.R.C
| | - G. Li
- Mental Health Institute of Jining Medical College, Dai Zhuang, Bei Jiao, Jining, Shandong, P.R.C
| | - B. Ha
- Liaocheng No. 4 Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, P.R.C
| | - H. Deng
- Mental Health Center of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Wuhou District, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R.C
| | - Q. Mei
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R.C
| | - H. Zhong
- Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, Anhui, P.R.C
| | - S. Gao
- Ningbo Kang Ning Hospital, Zhenhai District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, P.R.C
| | - H. Sang
- Changchun Mental Hospital, Changchun, Jilin, P.R.C
| | - Y. Zhang
- No. 2 Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, P.R.C
| | - X. Fang
- Fuzhou Psychiatric Hospital, Cangshan District, Fuzhou, Fujian, P.R.C
| | - F. Yu
- Harbin No. 1 Special Hospital, Haerbin, Heilongjiang, P.R.C
| | - D. Yang
- Jining Psychiatric Hospital, North Dai Zhuang, Rencheng District, Jining, Shandong, P.R.C
| | - T. Liu
- No. 2 Xiangya Hospital of Zhongnan University, Furong District, Changsha, Hunan, P.R.C
| | - Y. Chen
- Xijing Hospital of No. 4 Military Medical University, Xian, Shaanxi, P.R.C
| | - X. Hong
- Mental Health Center of Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, P.R.C
| | - W. Wu
- Tongji University Hospital, Shanghai, P.R.C
| | - G. Chen
- Huaian No. 3 Hospital, Huaian, Jiangsu, P.R.C
| | - M. Cai
- Huzhou No. 3 Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, P.R.C
| | - Y. Song
- Mudanjiang Psychiatric Hospital of Heilongjiang Province, Xinglong, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, P.R.C
| | - J. Pan
- No. 1 Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R.C
| | - J. Dong
- Qingdao Mental Health Center, Shibei District, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R.C
| | - R. Pan
- Guangxi Longquanshan Hospital, Yufeng District, Liuzhou, P.R.C
| | - W. Zhang
- Daqing No. 3 Hospital of Heilongjiang Province, Ranghulu district, Daqing, Heilongjiang, P.R.C
| | - Z. Shen
- Tangshan No. 5 Hospital, Lunan District, Tangshan, Hebei, P.R.C
| | - Z. Liu
- Anshan Psychiatric Rehabilitation Hospital, Lishan District, Anshan, Liaoning, P.R.C
| | - D. Gu
- Weihai Mental Health Center, ETDZ, Weihai, Shandong, P.R.C
| | - X. Wang
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R.C
| | - X. Liu
- Tianjin First Center Hospital, Xinkai Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, P.R.C
| | - Q. Zhang
- Hainan Anning Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, P.R.C
| | - J. Flint
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, UK
| | - K. S. Kendler
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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Li Y, Aggen S, Shi S, Gao J, Li Y, Tao M, Zhang K, Wang X, Gao C, Yang L, Liu Y, Li K, Shi J, Wang G, Liu L, Zhang J, Du B, Jiang G, Shen J, Zhang Z, Liang W, Sun J, Hu J, Liu T, Wang X, Miao G, Meng H, Li Y, Hu C, Li Y, Huang G, Li G, Ha B, Deng H, Mei Q, Zhong H, Gao S, Sang H, Zhang Y, Fang X, Yu F, Yang D, Liu T, Chen Y, Hong X, Wu W, Chen G, Cai M, Song Y, Pan J, Dong J, Pan R, Zhang W, Shen Z, Liu Z, Gu D, Wang X, Liu X, Zhang Q, Flint J, Kendler KS. The structure of the symptoms of major depression: exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis in depressed Han Chinese women. Psychol Med 2014; 44:1391-1401. [PMID: 23920138 PMCID: PMC3967839 DOI: 10.1017/s003329171300192x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Revised: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The symptoms of major depression (MD) are clinically diverse. Do they form coherent factors that might clarify the underlying nature of this important psychiatric syndrome? METHOD Symptoms at lifetime worst depressive episode were assessed at structured psychiatric interview in 6008 women of Han Chinese descent, age ⩾30 years with recurrent DSM-IV MD. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatoryfactor analysis (CFA) were performed in Mplus in random split-half samples. RESULTS The preliminary EFA results were consistently supported by the findings from CFA. Analyses of the nine DSM-IV MD symptomatic A criteria revealed two factors loading on: (i) general depressive symptoms; and (ii) guilt/suicidal ideation. Examining 14 disaggregated DSM-IV criteria revealed three factors reflecting: (i) weight/appetite disturbance; (ii) general depressive symptoms; and (iii) sleep disturbance. Using all symptoms (n = 27), we identified five factors that reflected: (i) weight/appetite symptoms; (ii) general retarded depressive symptoms; (iii) atypical vegetative symptoms; (iv) suicidality/hopelessness; and (v) symptoms of agitation and anxiety. CONCLUSIONS MD is a clinically complex syndrome with several underlying correlated symptom dimensions. In addition to a general depressive symptom factor, a complete picture must include factors reflecting typical/atypical vegetative symptoms, cognitive symptoms (hopelessness/suicidal ideation), and an agitated symptom factor characterized by anxiety, guilt, helplessness and irritability. Prior cross-cultural studies, factor analyses of MD in Western populations and empirical findings in this sample showing risk factor profiles similar to those seen in Western populations suggest that our results are likely to be broadly representative of the human depressive syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Li
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, UK
| | - S. Aggen
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - S. Shi
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai, P.R. China (PRC)
- Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, PRC
| | - J. Gao
- Chinese Traditional Hospital of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PRC
| | - Y. Li
- No. 1 Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PRC
| | - M. Tao
- Xinhua Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PRC
| | - K. Zhang
- No. 1 Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, PRC
| | - X. Wang
- ShengJing Hospital of China Medical University, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, PRC
| | - C. Gao
- No. 1 Hospital of Medical College of Xian Jiaotong University, Xian, Shaanxi, PRC
| | - L. Yang
- Jilin Brain Hospital, Siping, Jilin, PRC
| | - Y. Liu
- The First Hospital of China Medical University, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, PRC
| | - K. Li
- Mental Hospital of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PRC
| | - J. Shi
- Xian Mental Health Center, New Qujiang District, Xian, Shaanxi, PRC
| | - G. Wang
- Beijing Anding Hospital of Capital University of Medical Sciences, Deshengmen wai, Xicheng District, Beijing, PRC
| | - L. Liu
- Shandong Mental Health Center, Jinan, Shandong, PRC
| | - J. Zhang
- No. 3 Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PRC
| | - B. Du
- Hebei Mental Health Center, Baoding, Hebei, PRC
| | - G. Jiang
- Chongqing Mental Health Center, Jiangbei District, Chongqing, PRC
| | - J. Shen
- Tianjin Anding Hospital, Hexi District, Tianjin, PRC
| | - Z. Zhang
- No. 4 Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PRC
| | - W. Liang
- Psychiatric Hospital of Henan Province, Xinxiang, Henan, PRC
| | - J. Sun
- Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PRC
| | - J. Hu
- Harbin Medical University, Nangang District, Haerbin, Heilongjiang, PRC
| | - T. Liu
- Shenzhen Kang Ning Hospital, Luohu District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PRC
| | - X. Wang
- First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PRC
| | - G. Miao
- Guangzhou Brain Hospital (Guangzhou Psychiatric Hospital), Liwan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PRC
| | - H. Meng
- No. 1 Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, PRC
| | - Y. Li
- Dalian No. 7 Hospital, Ganjingzi District, Dalian, Liaoning, PRC
| | - C. Hu
- No. 3 Hospital of Heilongjiang Province, Beian, Heilongjiang, PRC
| | - Y. Li
- Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, Hubei, PRC
| | - G. Huang
- Sichuan Mental Health Center, Mianyang, Sichuan, PRC
| | - G. Li
- Mental Health Institute of Jining Medical College, Dai Zhuang, Bei Jiao, Jining, Shandong, PRC
| | - B. Ha
- Liaocheng No. 4 Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, PRC
| | - H. Deng
- Mental Health Center of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Wuhou District, Chengdu, Sichuan, PRC
| | - Q. Mei
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, PRC
| | - H. Zhong
- Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, Anhui, PRC
| | - S. Gao
- Ningbo Kang Ning Hospital, Zhenhai District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, PRC
| | - H. Sang
- Changchun Mental Hospital, Changchun, Jilin, PRC
| | - Y. Zhang
- No. 2 Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, PRC
| | - X. Fang
- Fuzhou Psychiatric Hospital, Cangshan District, Fuzhou, Fujian, PRC
| | - F. Yu
- Harbin No. 1 Special Hospital, Haerbin, Heilongjiang, PRC
| | - D. Yang
- Jining Psychiatric Hospital, North Dai Zhuang, Rencheng District, Jining, Shandong, PRC
| | - T. Liu
- No. 2 Xiangya Hospital of Zhongnan University, Furong District, Changsha, Hunan, PRC
| | - Y. Chen
- Xijing Hospital of No. 4 Military Medical University, Xian, Shaanxi, PRC
| | - X. Hong
- Mental Health Center of Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, PRC
| | - W. Wu
- Tongji University Hospital, Shanghai, PRC
| | - G. Chen
- Huaian No. 3 Hospital, Huaian, Jiangsu, PRC
| | - M. Cai
- Huzhou No. 3 Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, PRC
| | - Y. Song
- Mudanjiang Psychiatric Hospital of Heilongjiang Province, Xinglong, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, PRC
| | - J. Pan
- No. 1 Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PRC
| | - J. Dong
- Qingdao Mental Health Center, Shibei District, Qingdao, Shandong, PRC
| | - R. Pan
- Guangxi Longquanshan Hospital, Yufeng District, Liuzhou, PRC
| | - W. Zhang
- Daqing No. 3 Hospital of Heilongjiang Province, Ranghulu District, Daqing, Heilongjiang, PRC
| | - Z. Shen
- Tangshan No. 5 Hospital, Lunan District, Tangshan, Hebei, PRC
| | - Z. Liu
- Anshan Psychiatric Rehabilitation Hospital, Lishan District, Anshan, Liaoning, PRC
| | - D. Gu
- Weihai Mental Health Center, ETDZ, Weihai, Shandong, PRC
| | - X. Wang
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei, PRC
| | - X. Liu
- Tianjin First Center Hospital, Hedong District, Tianjin, PRC
| | - Q. Zhang
- Hainan Anning Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, PRC
| | - J. Flint
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, UK
| | - K. S. Kendler
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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Abstract
Spitz nevi are benign melanocytic lesions with many histologic similarities to malignant melanoma. A case of agminated Spitz nevi on a 2-year-old boy's left cheek is reported and 41 other cases of agminated Spitz nevi are reviewed. In this case, two biopsies were performed on two different-appearing lesions and the results of both biopsies showed Spitz nevi.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Abstract
Acute inhalation exposure to high levels of manganese (Mn) is associated with pulmonary edema and impaired function. The immune-mediated lung epithelium injury of Mn in vivo and in vitro experiments has been well characterized, whereas its apoptotic effect is not well defined. Our results show that human bronchial epithelial (16HBE) cells undergo caspase-9-mediated cell death in response to Mn. Loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), the formation of reactive oxygen species and release of cytochrome c were regulated during this process. In addition, decreasing c-Myc level and increasing of phosphorylated p53 (Ser 15) and WAF1/p21 were also taken part in Mn-mediated lung toxicity. Proteasome inhibitor MG132 could increase c-Myc protein in abundance. Taking together, our results demonstrate that caspase-9-dependent intrinsic pathway, the downregulation of c-Myc and the upregulation of p53 and phosphorylated p53 might be responsible for Mn-mediated apoptosis in 16HBE cells. Moreover, c-Myc decrease might be due to increased degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zhang
- 1Department of Prevention, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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33
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Sang H, Zheng XE, Zhou WQ, He W, Lv GX, Shen YN, Kong QT, Liu WD. A case of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis caused by Cladosporium cladosporioides and its treatment. Mycoses 2011; 55:195-7. [PMID: 21707784 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.2011.02057.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Sang H, Zheng XE, Kong QT, Zhou WQ, He W, Lv GX, Shen YN, Liu WD. A rare complication of ear piercing: a case of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis caused byVeronaea botryosain China. Med Mycol 2011; 49:296-302. [DOI: 10.3109/13693786.2010.513340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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36
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Lyall J, Irvine RM, Sherman A, McKinley TJ, Nunez A, Purdie A, Outtrim L, Brown IH, Rolleston-Smith G, Sang H, Tiley L. Suppression of Avian Influenza Transmission in Genetically Modified Chickens. Science 2011; 331:223-6. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1198020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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37
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Sang H, Sun M, Zhou H. e0589 Effects of initial therapy for hypertension with combination therapy regimen and impact on renal function. Heart 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2010.208967.589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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38
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Sang H, Sun M, Zhou H. e0590 The one-year pharmacoeconomic evaluation of hypertension's treatment by low dose amlodipine plus telmisartan or amlodipine plus amiroride regimen. Heart 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2010.208967.590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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39
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Sang H, Sun M, Zhou H. e0588 The long-term pharmacoeconomic economic evaluation of two initial combination therapy regimens for hypertension using Markov model. Heart 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2010.208967.588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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40
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Qian H, Zhao Y, Peng Y, Han C, Li S, Huo N, Ding Y, Duan Y, Xiong L, Sang H. Activation of cannabinoid receptor CB2 regulates osteogenic and osteoclastogenic gene expression in human periodontal ligament cells. J Periodontal Res 2010; 45:504-11. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2009.01265.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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41
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Qin S, Sang H. Abstract: P1194 INCREASED PHOSPHOLIPID TRANSFER PROTEIN ACTIVITY ASSOCIATED WITH THE DYSFUNCTIONAL HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC SUBJECTS WITH OR WITHOUT HIGH LEVEL OF TRIGLYCERIDE RICH LIPOPROTEINS. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(09)71221-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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42
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Latimer AM, Banerjee S, Sang H, Mosher ES, Silander JA. Hierarchical models facilitate spatial analysis of large data sets: a case study on invasive plant species in the northeastern United States. Ecol Lett 2009; 12:144-54. [PMID: 19143826 DOI: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01270.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Many critical ecological issues require the analysis of large spatial point data sets - for example, modelling species distributions, abundance and spread from survey data. But modelling spatial relationships, especially in large point data sets, presents major computational challenges. We use a novel Bayesian hierarchical statistical approach, 'spatial predictive process' modelling, to predict the distribution of a major invasive plant species, Celastrus orbiculatus, in the northeastern USA. The model runs orders of magnitude faster than traditional geostatistical models on a large data set of c. 4000 points, and performs better than generalized linear models, generalized additive models and geographically weighted regression in cross-validation. We also use this approach to model simultaneously the distributions of a set of four major invasive species in a spatially explicit multivariate model. This multispecies analysis demonstrates that some pairs of species exhibit negative residual spatial covariation, suggesting potential competitive interaction or divergent responses to unmeasured factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Latimer
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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43
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Yuan H, Huang Z, Yang G, Lv H, Sang H, Yao Y. Effects of Polymorphism of the β1 Adrenoreceptor and CYP2D6 on the Therapeutic Effects of Metoprolol. J Int Med Res 2008; 36:1354-62. [PMID: 19094446 DOI: 10.1177/147323000803600624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Metoprolol is a lipophilic β1 selective adrenergic receptor antagonist used in antihypertensive therapy. It is metabolized by the protein product of the cytochrome P450 2D6 ( CYP2D6) gene. Few studies have been performed on the association between the β1 adrenoreceptor, CYP2D6 polymorphism and blood pressure. The one reported here is a prospective, observational, clinical study in Chinese Han hypertensive patients on the combined influences of CYP2D6 and β1 adrenoreceptor polymorphisms on the therapeutic effects of metoprolol in 300 out-patients with essential hypertension. The same dose of metoprolol achieved different therapeutic effects in patients with different CYP2D6 and β1 adrenoreceptor polymorphisms. Additionally, different doses of metoprolol could achieve the same therapeutic effects in patients with different CYP2D6 and β1 adrenoreceptor polymorphisms. Knowledge of the combination of CYP2D6 and β1 adrenoreceptor polymorphisms may be used to guide antihypertensive therapy using β1 adrenoreceptor antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yuan
- Centre of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Z Huang
- Centre of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - G Yang
- Centre of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - H Lv
- Centre of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - H Sang
- Centre of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Y Yao
- Centre of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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44
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Park S, Jeong Y, Yang C, Kim H, Kim J, Sang H, Youn H. P24 X-ray microscopic imaging of female breast tissues by synchrotron radiation. Breast 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9776(07)70089-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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45
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Wan C, La Y, Zhu H, Yang Y, Jiang L, Chen Y, Feng G, Li H, Sang H, Hao X, Zhang G, He L. Abnormal changes of plasma acute phase proteins in schizophrenia and the relation between schizophrenia and haptoglobin (Hp) gene. Amino Acids 2006; 32:101-8. [PMID: 16897611 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-005-0292-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2005] [Accepted: 11/07/2005] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study we focused on detecting schizophrenia related changes of plasma proteins using proteomic technology and examining the relation between schizophrenia and haptoglobin (Hp) genotype. We investigated plasma proteins from schizophrenic subjects (n = 42) and healthy controls (n = 46) by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) in combination with mass spectrometry. To further reveal the genetic relationship between acute phase proteins (APPs) and schizophrenia disease, we tested Hp alpha1/Hp alpha2 (Hp 1/2) polymorphism and two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of Hp, rs2070937 and rs5473, for associations with schizophrenia in the Chinese Han population. With the relatively high number of samples for 2-DE work, we found that four proteins in the family of positive APPs were all up-regulated in patients. In genetic association study, we found significant associations existing between schizophrenia and Hp polymorphisms, Hp 1/2 and rs2070937 variants. Schizophrenia is accompanied by both an altered expression of Hp protein and a different genotype distribution of Hp gene, demonstrating that Hp is associated with schizophrenia. The results from proteomic and genomic aspects both indicate that acute phase reaction is likely to be an aetiological agent in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, but not just an accompanying symptom. The positive APPs are schizophrenic related proteins, with the highly concordant results on four positive APPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wan
- Bio-X Life Science Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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46
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He G, Liu X, Qin W, Chen Q, Wang X, Yang Y, Zhou J, Xu Y, Gu N, Feng G, Sang H, Wang P, He L. MPZL1/PZR, a novel candidate predisposing schizophrenia in Han Chinese. Mol Psychiatry 2006; 11:748-51. [PMID: 16702974 DOI: 10.1038/sj.mp.4001841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The MPZL1/PZR gene has been mapped to 1q23.3, located in close proximity to a recognized schizophrenia susceptibility locus. Recently, the MPZL1/PZR gene has been found to be significantly upregulated in schizophrenia brain tissue and to play an important role in cell signaling, thus indicating that MPZL1/PZR could be a potential schizophrenia marker. To test this hypothesis, we selected three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for genotyping in 523 Han Chinese trios. We found that two individual SNPs were significant at the Bonferroni's corrected significance level P<0.017: rs3767444 (chi2=6.299, P=0.0121) and rs2051656 (chi2=9.856, P=0.0017). Haplotype transmission/disequilibrium tests revealed a significant association with the disease (global P-value=1.064 x 10(-6)), but no specific transmission distortions. Thus, we propose that the MPZL1/PZR gene may be important in the predisposition to schizophrenia among Han Chinese.
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Affiliation(s)
- G He
- Bio-X Life Science Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
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47
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Chen LL, Prieto VG, Sabripour M, Wu EF, Raymond AK, Sang H, Frazier ML. Loss of heterozygosity with acquisition of homozygous KIT-activating mutation promotes gastrointestinal stromal tumor progression. J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.9530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
9530 Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) originate from interstitial cells of Cajal and represent the most common mesenchymal tumor of GI tract. The activating mutations of KIT and platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRA) have been demonstrated in 88% and 6% of GISTs respectively. Multiple genetic events are involved in tumor initiation and progression. Activation of an oncogene can result from a single hit of gain-of-function mutation, but two hits leading to loss of heterozygosity (LOH) are necessary for inactivation of a tumor suppressor gene for the initiation of neoplasia. Little is known about the significance and mechanism of LOH of oncogenes in tumor progression. The LOH of activating-oncogenes is not infrequent, i.e. in more than 8% of GIST. These GIST clones with LOH prevail and dominate, strongly suggestive of proliferative and metastatic advantages. However, the significance and mechanisms of LOH acquiring homozygous activating-oncogene mutation remain unknown. Methods: Genomic DNA and cDNA sequencing analysis of KIT, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), immunohistochemistry of GISTs clones, and 3D structural analysis of the mutated KIT. Results: Real-time genetic studies in GIST show initial development of overexpression of KIT without mutation, to coexistence of various heterozygous-activating mutations; eventually, one clone dominates. Comparisons within the same patient show that clonal evolution from heterozygous to LOH acquiring homozygous (diploid) KIT-activating mutation results in dominance of the latter, with augmented KIT signaling and doubling of mitotic figures. Using SNPs for allelotyping, we found that mitotic nondisjunction, rather than mitotic recombination, represents an important mechanism of the second hit. Conclusion: GIST clones with LOH acquiring homozygous KIT-activating mutation gain a selective advantage over the heterozygous counterpart. Mitotic nondisjunction, in addition to the commonly recognized mitotic recombination, is an important and perhaps the primary mechanism of LOH acquiring homozygous KIT-activating mutation during GIST progression. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. L. Chen
- M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Xijing Hospital, Fourth Medical University, Xi’an City, China
| | - V. G. Prieto
- M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Xijing Hospital, Fourth Medical University, Xi’an City, China
| | - M. Sabripour
- M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Xijing Hospital, Fourth Medical University, Xi’an City, China
| | - E. F. Wu
- M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Xijing Hospital, Fourth Medical University, Xi’an City, China
| | - A. K. Raymond
- M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Xijing Hospital, Fourth Medical University, Xi’an City, China
| | - H. Sang
- M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Xijing Hospital, Fourth Medical University, Xi’an City, China
| | - M. L. Frazier
- M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Xijing Hospital, Fourth Medical University, Xi’an City, China
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Tang RQ, Zhao XZ, Shi YY, Tang W, Gu NF, Feng GY, Xing YL, Zhu SM, Sang H, Liang PJ, He L. Family-based association study of Epsin 4 and Schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry 2006; 11:395-9. [PMID: 16402136 DOI: 10.1038/sj.mp.4001780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Recently, Pimm et al. identified Epsin 4 on chromosome 5q33 as a susceptibility gene for schizophrenia in the British population, based on linkage and association evidence. In Pimm's case-control study, both the single polymorphisms and the individual haplotypes at the 5' end of the gene showed genetic association with schizophrenia. Here, we report the first study evaluating the relevance of Epsin 4 and schizophrenia outside the British population. Markers showing positive results in the original work as well as two additional polymorphisms were genotyped in 308 Han Chinese family trios. Transmission disequilibrium analysis was used to test for association of single-locus markers and multi-locus haplotypes with schizophrenia. Although no individual marker was significant at the P=0.05 level, the haplotypes detected in our samples, different from those previously reported, showed strong evidence of association (most significant global P=0.0021). Our results indicate the presence of a locus near the 5' end of Epsin 4 conferring susceptibility to the disease and provide further support for Epsin 4 as an important potential contributor to genetic risk in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Q Tang
- Bio-X Life Science Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Zhao X, Shi Y, Tang J, Tang R, Yu L, Gu N, Feng G, Zhu S, Liu H, Xing Y, Zhao S, Sang H, Guan Y, St Clair D, He L. A case control and family based association study of the neuregulin1 gene and schizophrenia. J Med Genet 2004; 41:31-4. [PMID: 14729827 PMCID: PMC1757254 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2003.014977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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50
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Abstract
Cervical lymphadenitis caused by Candida albicans developed in an 8-year-old Chinese child. There was no evidence of disseminated infection. The infection apparently confined to a lymph node was interpreted as a stage of fungal invasion. The child showed lymphopenia with a proportionate decrease in T-helper and T-suppressor cells. The child was successfully treated intravenously with fluconazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sang
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Medical College of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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