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Schneider KR, Fanzo J, Haddad L, Herrero M, Moncayo JR, Herforth A, Remans R, Guarin A, Resnick D, Covic N, Béné C, Cattaneo A, Aburto N, Ambikapathi R, Aytekin D, Barquera S, Battersby J, Beal T, Molina PB, Cafiero C, Campeau C, Caron P, Conforti P, Damerau K, Di Girolamo M, DeClerck F, Dewi D, Elouafi I, Fabi C, Foley P, Frazier TJ, Gephart J, Golden C, Fischer CG, Hendriks S, Honorati M, Huang J, Kennedy G, Laar A, Lal R, Lidder P, Loken B, Marshall Q, Masuda YJ, McLaren R, Miachon L, Muñoz H, Nordhagen S, Qayyum N, Saisana M, Suhardiman D, Sumaila UR, Cullen MT, Tubiello FN, Vivero-Pol JL, Webb P, Wiebe K. The state of food systems worldwide in the countdown to 2030. Nat Food 2023; 4:1090-1110. [PMID: 38114693 PMCID: PMC10730405 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-023-00885-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
This Analysis presents a recently developed food system indicator framework and holistic monitoring architecture to track food system transformation towards global development, health and sustainability goals. Five themes are considered: (1) diets, nutrition and health; (2) environment, natural resources and production; (3) livelihoods, poverty and equity; (4) governance; and (5) resilience. Each theme is divided into three to five indicator domains, and indicators were selected to reflect each domain through a consultative process. In total, 50 indicators were selected, with at least one indicator available for every domain. Harmonized data of these 50 indicators provide a baseline assessment of the world's food systems. We show that every country can claim positive outcomes in some parts of food systems, but none are among the highest ranked across all domains. Furthermore, some indicators are independent of national income, and each highlights a specific aspiration for healthy, sustainable and just food systems. The Food Systems Countdown Initiative will track food systems annually to 2030, amending the framework as new indicators or better data emerge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate R Schneider
- School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - Jessica Fanzo
- Columbia Climate School, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | | | - Mario Herrero
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Cornell Atkinson Center for Sustainability, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | | | - Anna Herforth
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roseline Remans
- Glocolearning, Genk, Belgium
- Alliance of Bioversity and CIAT, Cali, Colombia
| | - Alejandro Guarin
- International Institute for Environment and Development, London, UK
| | - Danielle Resnick
- International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Namukolo Covic
- International Livestock Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- CGIAR, Montpellier, France
| | - Christophe Béné
- Alliance of Bioversity and CIAT, Cali, Colombia
- Wageningen Economic Research Group, Wageningen University, Den Haag, the Netherlands
| | - Andrea Cattaneo
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | - Nancy Aburto
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | - Ramya Ambikapathi
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Cornell Atkinson Center for Sustainability, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Destan Aytekin
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Simon Barquera
- Research Center of Nutrition and Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, México
| | | | - Ty Beal
- Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Carlo Cafiero
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Patrick Caron
- University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Cirad, Montpellier, France
- ART-DEV, Montpellier, France
| | - Piero Conforti
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | - Kerstin Damerau
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Cornell Atkinson Center for Sustainability, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Michael Di Girolamo
- School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Fabrice DeClerck
- Alliance of Bioversity and CIAT, Cali, Colombia
- EAT Forum, Montpellier, France
| | - Deviana Dewi
- School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Carola Fabi
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | - Pat Foley
- Regional Bureau for Latin America and the Caribbean, World Food Programme, Panama City, Panama
| | | | | | | | - Carlos Gonzalez Fischer
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Cornell Atkinson Center for Sustainability, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Sheryl Hendriks
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Kent, UK
| | | | - Jikun Huang
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Amos Laar
- School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Rattan Lal
- Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Quinn Marshall
- International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | | | - Lais Miachon
- Columbia Climate School, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hernán Muñoz
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
- University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Naina Qayyum
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Diana Suhardiman
- Royal Netherlands Institute of Southeast Asian and Caribbean Studies/KITLV, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - U Rashid Sumaila
- School of Public Policy and Global Affairs, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Patrick Webb
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Keith Wiebe
- International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA
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Falk J, Colwell RR, Behera SK, El-Beltagy AS, Gleick PH, Kennel CF, Lee YT, Murray CA, Serageldin I, Takeuchi K, Yasunari T, Watanabe C, Kauffman J, Soderland K, Elouafi I, Paroda R, Chapagain AK, Rundle J, Hanasaki N, Hayashi H, Akinsete E, Hayashida S. An urgent need for COP27: confronting converging crises. Sustain Sci 2022; 18:1059-1063. [PMID: 36405348 PMCID: PMC9647240 DOI: 10.1007/s11625-022-01253-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The last 12 months have provided further evidence of the potential for cascading ecological and socio-political crises that were warned of 12 months ago. Then a consensus statement from the Regional Action on Climate Change Symposium warned: "the Earth's climatic, ecological, and human systems are converging towards a crisis that threatens to engulf global civilization within the lifetimes of children now living." Since then, the consequences of a broad set of extreme climate events (notably droughts, floods, and fires) have been compounded by interaction with impacts from multiple pandemics (including COVID-19 and cholera) and the Russia-Ukraine war. As a result, new connections are becoming visible between climate change and human health, large vulnerable populations are experiencing food crises, climate refugees are on the move, and the risks of water, food, and climate disruption have been visibly converging and compounding. Many vulnerable populations now face serious challenges to adapt. In light of these trends, this year, RACC identifies a range of measures to be taken at global and regional levels to bolster the resilience of these populations in the face of such emerging crises. In particular, at all scales, there is a need for globally available local data, reliable analytic techniques, community capacity to plan adaptation strategies, and the resources (scientific, technical, cultural, and economic) to implement them. To date, the rate of growth of the support for climate change resilience lags behind the rapid growth of cascading and converging risks. As an urgent message to COP27, it is proposed that the time is now right to devote much greater emphasis, global funding, and support to the increasing adaptation needs of vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jim Falk
- School of Geography, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Rita R. Colwell
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, USA
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Swadhin K. Behera
- Application Laboratory, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan
- Department of Ocean Technology, Policy and Environment, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Adel S. El-Beltagy
- International Dryland Development Commission, Arid Land Agricultural Graduate Studies and Research Institute, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Peter H. Gleick
- Pacific Institute for Studies in Development, Environment and Security, Oakland, USA
| | - Charles F. Kennel
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, USA
- Centre for Science and Policy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Cherry A. Murray
- Harvard University, Cambridge, USA
- University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | | | - Kazuhiko Takeuchi
- Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES), Kanagawa, Japan
- Institute for Future Initiatives (IFI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuzo Yasunari
- RIHN Center, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN), Kyoto, Japan
- Kyoto Climate Change Adaptation Center (KCCAC), Kyoto, Japan
| | - Chiho Watanabe
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Joanne Kauffman
- Science for Sustainable Societies, Springer-Verlag, Paris, France
| | | | - Ismahane Elouafi
- Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO), Rome, Italy
| | - Raj Paroda
- Trust for Advancement of Agricultural Sciences (TAAS), New Delhi, India
| | | | - John Rundle
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Davis, Davis, USA
| | - Naota Hanasaki
- Center for Climate Change Adaptation (Climate Change Impacts Assessment Research Section), National Institute of Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Haruo Hayashi
- National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ebun Akinsete
- International Centre for Research on the Environment and the Economy/UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network Greece, Athens, Greece
| | - Sachiko Hayashida
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature Faculty of Science (RIHN), Kyoto, Japan
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Ahmed S, de la Parra J, Elouafi I, German B, Jarvis A, Lal V, Lartey A, Longvah T, Malpica C, Vázquez-Manjarrez N, Prenni J, Aguilar-Salinas CA, Srichamnong W, Rajasekharan M, Shafizadeh T, Siegel JB, Steiner R, Tohme J, Watkins S. Foodomics: A Data-Driven Approach to Revolutionize Nutrition and Sustainable Diets. Front Nutr 2022; 9:874312. [PMID: 35592635 PMCID: PMC9113044 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.874312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, we are failing to meet numerous nutritional, health, and environmental targets linked to food. Defining food composition in its full chemical and quantitative diversity is central to data-driven decision making for supporting nutrition and sustainable diets. "Foodomics"-the application of omics-technology to characterize and quantify biomolecules to improve wellbeing-has the potential to comprehensively elucidate what is in food, how this composition varies across the food system, and how diet composition as an ensemble of foods guides outcomes for nutrition, health, and sustainability. Here, we outline: (i) challenges of evaluating food composition; (ii) state-of-the-art omics technology and innovations for the analysis of food; and (iii) application of foodomics as a complementary data-driven approach to revolutionize nutrition and sustainable diets. Featuring efforts of the Periodic Table of Food Initiative, a participatory effort to create a globally shared foodomics platform, we conclude with recommendations to accelerate foodomics in ways that strengthen the capacity of scientists and benefit all people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selena Ahmed
- American Heart Association, Inc., Dallas, TX, United States
- Department of Health and Human Development, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - John de la Parra
- The Rockefeller Foundation, New York, NY, United States
- Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Ismahane Elouafi
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | - Bruce German
- Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Andy Jarvis
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture, Cali, Colombia
| | - Vincent Lal
- The Institute of Applied Sciences, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji
| | - Anna Lartey
- Nutrition and Food Science, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - T. Longvah
- National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
| | | | | | - Jessica Prenni
- Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Roy Steiner
- The Rockefeller Foundation, New York, NY, United States
| | - Joe Tohme
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture, Cali, Colombia
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Hertel
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
| | | | - Morakot Tanticharoen
- School of Bioresources and Technology at the King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Frank Ewert
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Müncheberg, Germany
- University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Farouk I, Alsaleh A, Motowaj J, Gaboun F, Belkadi B, Filali Maltouf A, Kehel Z, Elouafi I, Nsarellah N, M Nachit M. Detection of grain yield QTLs in the durum population Lahn/Cham1 tested in contrasting environments. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 45:65-78. [PMID: 33597823 PMCID: PMC7877719 DOI: 10.3906/biy-2008-41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var durum) is tetraploid wheat (AABB); it is the main source of semolina and other pasta products. Grain yield in wheat is quantitatively inherited and influenced by the environment. The genetic map construction constitutes the essential step in identifying quantitative trait loci (QTLs) linked to complex traits, such as grain yield. The study aimed to construct a genetic linkage map of two parents that are widely grown durum cultivars (Lahn and Cham1) in the Mediterranean basin, which is characterized by varying climate changes. The genetic linkage map of Lahn/Cham1 population consisted of 112 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) and was used to determine QTLs linked to the grain yield in 11 contrasting environments (favorable, cold, dry, and hot). Simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular markers were used to construct an anchor map, which was later enriched with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The map was constructed with 247 SSRs and enriched with 1425 SNPs. The map covered 6122.22 cM. One hundred and twenty-six QTLs were detected on different chromosomes. Chromosomes 2A and 4B harbored the most significant grain yield QTLs. Furthermore, by comparison with several wheat mapping populations, all the A and B chromosomes of Lahn/Cham1 QTLs contributed to grain yield. The results showed that the detected QTLs can be used as a potential candidate for marker-assisted selection in durum breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issame Farouk
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Med V University, Rabat Morocco
| | - Ahmad Alsaleh
- Department of Science and Technology Bozok University, Yozgat Turkey
| | - Jihan Motowaj
- ICARDA, The International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Rabat Morocco
| | - Fatima Gaboun
- INRA, National Institute of Agronomical Research, Unity of Biotechnology Research, Rabat Morocco
| | - Bouchra Belkadi
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Med V University, Rabat Morocco
| | - Abdelkarim Filali Maltouf
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Med V University, Rabat Morocco
| | - Zakaria Kehel
- ICARDA, The International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Rabat Morocco
| | - Ismahane Elouafi
- ICBA, International Center for Biosaline Agriculture, Dubai United Arab Emirates
| | - Nasserelhaq Nsarellah
- INRA, National Institute of Agronomical Research, Unity of Biotechnology Research, Rabat Morocco
| | - Miloudi M Nachit
- ICARDA, The International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Rabat Morocco
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Nachit MM, Elouafi I. Durum Wheat Adaptation in the Mediterranean Dryland: Breeding, Stress Physiology, and Molecular Markers. Challenges and Strategies of Dryland Agriculture 2015. [DOI: 10.2135/cssaspecpub32.c13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Elouafi I, Nachit MM. A genetic linkage map of the Durum x Triticum dicoccoides backcross population based on SSRs and AFLP markers, and QTL analysis for milling traits. Theor Appl Genet 2004; 108:401-413. [PMID: 14676946 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-003-1440-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2003] [Accepted: 08/12/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Durum wheat ( Triticum turgidum L. var durum) is mainly produced and consumed in the Mediterranean region; it is used to produce several specific end-products; such as local pasta, couscous and burghul. To study the genetics of grain-milling quality traits, chromosomal locations, and interaction with the environment, a genetic linkage map of durum was constructed and the quantitative trait loci QTLs for the milling-related traits, test weight (TW) and thousand-kernel weight (TKW), were identified. The population constituted 114 recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross: Omrabi 5 /Triticum dicoccoides 600545// Omrabi 5. TW and TKW were analyzed over 18 environments (sites x years). Single-sequence-repeat markers (SSRs), Amplified-fragment-length-polymorphism markers (AFLPs), and seed storage proteins (SSPs) showed a high level of polymorphism (>60%). The map was constructed with 124 SSRs, 149 AFLPs and 6 SSPs; its length covered 2,288.8 cM (8.2 cM/marker). The map showed high synteny with previous wheat maps, and both SSRs and AFLPs mapped evenly across the genome, with more markers in the B genome. However, some rearrangements were observed. For TW, a high genotypic effect was detected and two QTLs with epistasic effect were identified on 7AS and 6BS, explaining 30% of the total variation. The TKW showed a significant transgressive inheritance and five QTLs were identified, explaining 32% of the total variation, out of which 25% was of a genetic nature, and showing QTLxE interaction. The major TKW-QTLs were around the centromere region of 6B. For both traits, Omrabi 5 alleles had a significant positive effect. This population will be used to determine other QTLs of interest, as its parents are likely to harbor different genes for diseases and drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Elouafi
- Durum Improvement Program, ICARDA, P.O. Box 5466, Aleppo, Syria
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Elouafi I, Nachit MM, Martin LM. Identification of a microsatellite on chromosome 7B showing a strong linkage with yellow pigment in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum). Hereditas 2002; 135:255-61. [PMID: 12152344 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.2001.t01-1-00255.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to identify QTLs linked to yellow pigment content in durum wheat. A durum-dicoccoides genetic linkage map was constructed using 124 microsatellites, 149 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLPs), and six seed storage proteins (SSP) in a population of 114 recombinant inbred lines (F8). The population has been obtained from a cross between a durum cultivar Omrabi5 and Triticum dicoccoides600545 and backcrossed to Omrabi5. The map consists of 14-durum chromosomes plus an unknown group; and shows a good synteny to the previously published wheat maps. Yellow pigment was measured in the population in three different locations during 3 seasons. Analysis of QTLs was based on simple and simplified composite interval mapping (SIM and sCIM). Three QTLs for yellow pigment were detected on the chromosomal group 7 (7AL and 7BL telomeres) explaining 62% of the total variation. On 7BL, a major microsatellite (Xgwm344) explained by itself 53%, whereas on 7AL, the other two QTLs have contributed 13 and 6%. All determined QTLs showed a strong genetic effect and a weak QTL x E effect. The QTLs effect was consistent across all environments and showed a large effect. Consequently, promising QTLs will be used in the marker assisted breeding program to enhance the selection efficiency for yellow pigment.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Elouafi
- Cordoba University, Dept of Genetics, ETSIA Agronomos, Cordoba 14080, Spain
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