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Arnaiz P, Bergman MM, Seelig H, Adams L, Dolley D, Gerber M, Joubert N, Nqweniso S, Steinmann P, Utzinger J, Randt RD, Walter C, Pühse U, Müller I. Acceptability and perceived feasibility of the KaziKidz health promotion intervention among educators and caregivers in schools from South Africa: a qualitative descriptive study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:934. [PMID: 38561742 PMCID: PMC10985953 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18456-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the uncontested benefits of physical activity, its promotion lags behind in the public health agenda of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). School-based interventions are promising strategies to foster health during childhood, but evidence of their effectiveness is limited and inconclusive for LMICs. Thus, further investigation is needed on contextual factors associated with intervention implementation in low-resource settings. We studied the acceptability and feasibility of the KaziKidz health promotion intervention and its implementation and make recommendations to improve future adoption and sustainability. METHODS KaziKidz was implemented in four primary schools from low-income communities in South Africa in 2019. Semi-structured interviews with four school principals, three focus group interviews with 16 educators, and another three with 16 caregivers were conducted between October and November 2021. Participants were purposively recruited. Interview transcripts were analyzed via thematic analysis using a deductive and reflexive approach. RESULTS Three main themes influencing intervention implementation and adoption were identified: (1) prioritizing teachers' needs (2), integrating the program into the school structure, and (3) creating opportunities in the community. Supporting recommendations included: (theme 1) adopting intervention approaches that are inclusive of educators' health and providing them with capacity development and external support; (theme 2) fostering a feeling of ownership and belonging among school stakeholders to adapt interventions to specific resources and needs; and (theme 3) raising community awareness to encourage individuals to claim power over and actively engage with the program. CONCLUSIONS Comprehensive interventions comprising health support, adequate training, and ongoing assistance for educators combined with school-wide and community outreach actions seeking to strengthen program ownership, accountability, and engagement can enhance uptake of school-based interventions and long-term maintenance. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN15648510, registered on 17/04/2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Arnaiz
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | | | - Harald Seelig
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Larissa Adams
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Danielle Dolley
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nandi Joubert
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Siphesihle Nqweniso
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Peter Steinmann
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rosa du Randt
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Cheryl Walter
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Uwe Pühse
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Müller
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Nqweniso S, Walter C, du Randt R, Adams L, Beckmann J, Coulibaly JT, Dolley D, Joubert N, Long KZ, Müller I, Nienaber M, Pühse U, Seelig H, Steinmann P, Utzinger J, Gerber M, Lang C. Associations between soil-transmitted helminth infections and physical activity, physical fitness, and cardiovascular disease risk in primary schoolchildren from Gqeberha, South Africa. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011664. [PMID: 37831637 PMCID: PMC10575529 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM School-aged children in low- and middle-income countries carry the highest burden of intestinal helminth infections, such as soil-transmitted helminths (STH). STH infections have been associated with negative consequences for child physical and cognitive development and wellbeing. With the epidemiological transition and rise in cardiovascular disease (CVD), studies have shown that helminth infections may influence glucose metabolism by preventing obesity. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the association of STH infections in schoolchildren from Gqeberha, focusing on physical activity, physical fitness, and clustered CVD risk score. METHODS This cross-sectional study involved 680 schoolchildren (356 girls and 324 boys; mean age 8.19 years, SD±1.4) from disadvantaged communities in Gqeberha (formerly, Port Elizabeth), South Africa. Stool samples were collected and examined for STH infections using the Kato-Katz method. Physical activity (accelerometer) and physical fitness (grip strength, 20 m shuttle run) were measured using standard procedures. Furthermore, anthropometry, blood pressure, as well as glycated haemoglobin and lipid profile from capillary blood samples were assessed. We employed one-way ANOVAs to identify the associations of STH infections in terms of species and infection intensity with physical activity, physical fitness, and clustered CVD risk score. RESULTS We found a low STH infection prevalence (7.2%) in our study, with participants infected with at least one intestinal helminth species. In comparison to their non-infected peers, children infected with STH had lower mean grip strength scores, but higher mean VO2max estimation and higher levels of MVPA (p < .001). When considering type and intensity of infection, a positive association of A. lumbricoides infection and MVPA was found. In contrast, light T. trichiura-infected children had significantly lower grip strength scores compared to non and heavily-infected children. VO2max and MVPA were positively associated with light T. trichiura infection. No significant association between the clustered CVD risk score and infection with any STH species was evident. CONCLUSIONS STH-infected children had lower grip strength scores than their non-infected peers, yet, achieved higher VO2max and MVPA scores. Our study highlights that the type and intensity of STH infection is relevant in understanding the disease burden of STH infections on children's health. The findings of our study must be interpreted cautiously due to the low infection rate, and more research is needed in samples with higher prevalence rates or case-control designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siphesihle Nqweniso
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Cheryl Walter
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Rosa du Randt
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Larissa Adams
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Johanna Beckmann
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jean T. Coulibaly
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Danielle Dolley
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Nandi Joubert
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kurt Z. Long
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Müller
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Madeleine Nienaber
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Uwe Pühse
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Harald Seelig
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Steinmann
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christin Lang
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Arnaiz P, Seelig H, Gerber M, Adams L, Degen J, Dolley D, Joubert N, Nienaber M, Nqweniso S, Steinmann P, Utzinger J, du Randt R, Walter C, Pühse U, Müller I. Intervention effects and long-term changes in physical activity and cardiometabolic outcomes among children at risk of noncommunicable diseases in South Africa: a cluster-randomized controlled trial and follow-up analysis. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1199381. [PMID: 37304085 PMCID: PMC10250595 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1199381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Risk factors for noncommunicable diseases such as insufficient physical activity (PA), overweight or hypertension are becoming increasingly predominant among children globally. While school-based interventions are promising preventive strategies, evidence of their long-term effectiveness, especially among vulnerable populations, is scarce. We aim to assess the short-term effects of the physical and health KaziKidz intervention on cardiometabolic risk factors and the long-term, pre-and post-COVID-19 pandemic changes thereof in high-risk children from marginalized communities. Methods The intervention was tested in a cluster-randomized controlled trial between January and October 2019 in eight primary schools near Gqeberha, South Africa. Children with overweight, elevated blood pressure, pre-diabetes, and/or borderline dyslipidemia were identified and re-assessed 2 years post-intervention. Study outcomes included accelerometry-measured PA (MVPA), body mass index (BMI), mean arterial pressure (MAP), glucose (HbA1c), and lipid levels (TC to HDL ratio). We conducted mixed regression analyses to assess intervention effects by cardiometabolic risk profile, and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests to evaluate longitudinal changes in the high-risk subpopulation. Results We found a significant intervention effect on MVPA during school hours for physically inactive children, and among active as well as inactive girls. In contrast, the intervention lowered HbA1c and TC to HDL ratio only in children with glucose or lipid values within the norm, respectively. At follow-up, the intervention effects were not maintained in at-risk children, who showed a decline in MVPA, and an increase in BMI-for-age, MAP, HbA1c and TC to HDL ratio. Conclusion We conclude that schools are key settings in which to promote PA and improve health; however, structural changes are necessary to ensure that effective interventions reach marginalized school populations and achieve sustainable impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Arnaiz
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Harald Seelig
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Larissa Adams
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Jan Degen
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Danielle Dolley
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Nandi Joubert
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Madeleine Nienaber
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Siphesihle Nqweniso
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Peter Steinmann
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rosa du Randt
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Cheryl Walter
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Uwe Pühse
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Müller
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Dolley D, Du Randt R, Pühse U, Gerber M, Bosma J, Aerts A, Adams L, Arnaiz P, Joubert N, Müller I, Nqweniso S, Seelig H, Steinmann P, Utzinger J, Walter C. Relationship between Body Mass Index and Physical Activity among Children from Low-Income Communities in Gqeberha, South Africa: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:1428. [PMID: 36674182 PMCID: PMC9864586 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to establish the prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity, the level of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and the association thereof among vulnerable children from low-income communities in South Africa. Cross-sectional data were collected from 916 children (467 boys and 449 girls) aged 8-13 years (x̄ = 10.4 ± 1.2 years) attending eight low-income schools in Gqeberha, South Africa. Measured outcomes included accelerometery-measured physical activity (PA), weight, height and body mass index (BMI). Analysis of variance was used to determine the mean difference of total MVPA stratified by sex and BMI classification. Overall, 13% of the cohort were underweight, 19% were overweight/obese and 64% engaged in 60 min of MVPA per day. Girls presented nearly twice the odds of being overweight or obese than boys (95% CI: 1.40-2.77). Underweight to normal-weight children (boys: OR = 3.89, 95% CI: 2.18-6.93; girls: OR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.13-2.80) were more likely to engage in 60 min/day of MVPA than overweight to obese children. There is an inverse association between BMI categories and theduration of MVPA achieved per day. Special attention should be aimed at increasing awareness of healthy nutrition and promoting a variety of PA, especially among girls and children with excess weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Dolley
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha 77000, South Africa
| | - Rosa Du Randt
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha 77000, South Africa
| | - Uwe Pühse
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, 4052 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, 4052 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jacob Bosma
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha 77000, South Africa
| | - Ann Aerts
- Novartis Foundation, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Larissa Adams
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha 77000, South Africa
| | - Patricia Arnaiz
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, 4052 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nandi Joubert
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, 4052 Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, 4052 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Müller
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, 4052 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Siphesihle Nqweniso
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha 77000, South Africa
| | - Harald Seelig
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, 4052 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Steinmann
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, 4052 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, 4052 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cheryl Walter
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha 77000, South Africa
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Gerber M, Lang C, Beckmann J, du Randt R, Long KZ, Müller I, Nienaber M, Probst-Hensch N, Steinmann P, Pühse U, Utzinger J, Nqweniso S, Walter C. Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour, Weight Status, and Body Composition among South African Primary Schoolchildren. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph191811836. [PMID: 36142108 PMCID: PMC9517541 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Background: Over the past decades, childhood overweight has increased in many African countries. We examined the relationship between sedentary behaviour, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and body composition in South African primary schoolchildren living in peri-urban settings. Methods: MVPA was measured via 7-day accelerometry and body composition via bioelectrical impedance analysis in 1090 learners (49.2% girls, Mage = 8.3 ± 1.4 years). The relationships between MVPA and sedentary behaviour with the various body composition indicators (body fat and fat-free mass [total, truncal, arms, and legs], bone mass, muscle mass, and body water) were tested with mixed linear regressions. Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 9.8% and 6.6%, respectively; 77.1% of the children engaged in ≥60 min of MVPA/day. Girls were more likely to be overweight/obese, to accumulate less than 60 min of MVPA/day, and had significantly higher relative body fat than boys (ps < 0.001). Lower MVPA was associated with a higher likelihood of being overweight/obese, higher relative body fat, and lower relative fat-free mass, bone mass, muscle mass, and body water (ps < 0.001). For lower sedentary behaviour, the associations with body composition pointed in the opposite direction. Conclusions: In this South African setting, girls are a particularly relevant target group for future physical activity interventions to prevent overweight/obesity-related non-communicable diseases in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Grosse Allee 6, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-61-207-4783
| | - Christin Lang
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Grosse Allee 6, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Johanna Beckmann
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Grosse Allee 6, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rosa du Randt
- Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, P.O. Box 7700, Gqeberha 6031, South Africa
| | - Kurt Z. Long
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, CH-4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Müller
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Grosse Allee 6, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Madeleine Nienaber
- Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, P.O. Box 7700, Gqeberha 6031, South Africa
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, CH-4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Steinmann
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, CH-4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Uwe Pühse
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Grosse Allee 6, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, CH-4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Siphesihle Nqweniso
- Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, P.O. Box 7700, Gqeberha 6031, South Africa
| | - Cheryl Walter
- Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, P.O. Box 7700, Gqeberha 6031, South Africa
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Arnaiz P, Müller I, Dolley D, Adams L, Degen J, Joubert N, Nqweniso S, Gerber M, Du Randt R, Cheryl W, Pühse U. P02-14 KaziBantu ‘healthy schools for healthy communities' - A holistic approach to enhance health literacy and physical activity in primary schools from low-resourced settings in South Africa. Eur J Public Health 2022. [PMCID: PMC9421763 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac095.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Backgound
The disease profile of low- to middle-income countries is moving towards one seen in Westernised countries, where deaths are mainly attributed to chronic diseases. Children develop risk factors at a young age predisposing them to noncommunicable diseases in adulthood. Most of the risk factors are preventable through healthy lifestyles. Results from South Africa (SA) show that many children, particularly from marginalized communities, do not achieve the minimal requirements of physical activity (PA). Thus, more emphasis needs to be placed on primary prevention strategies, such as incorporating health promotion interventions within established educational and workplace structures. Primary schools present unique opportunities for holistic prevention interventions.
Methods
Using an ecosystem approach, an interprofessional team of PA researchers, public health specialists and digital innovators, together with partners from the ministry of education and ministry of health in SA, was set up to map and tackle the role of physical education (PE) in the SA school system. Experts identified actionable changes at the school, teacher and policy levels. First, a comprehensive health intervention was developed and implemented in primary schools in low resourced settings in the Eastern Cape of SA. The intervention was followed to learn and adapt. Finally, changes in the educational system will be scaled-up and sustained through governmental institutionalization.
Results
In 1994 PE lost its stand-alone subject status and became part of Life Orientation. Ever since, non-specialist teachers lack the confidence and understanding to adequately teach the subject. The interdisciplinary team developed ‘the KaziBantu model (Healthy Schools for Healthy Communities)’, to promote PA and healthy lifestyles in public primary schools through two complementary programs: KaziKidz, a PE toolkit for schoolchildren, and KaziHealth, a workplace health intervention program for teachers. Furthermore, Short Learning Programs have been developed for continued professional development of life orientation teachers, thereby introducing lasting changes within the educational system.
Discussion/Conclusion
PE and health literacy are oftentimes neglected in the SA curriculum, especially in marginalized areas. System-wide changes initiated and sustained through local ownership are critical to ensure long-lasting impact. Our multilateral intervention aimed to achieve this to offer children and teachers a quality education.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jan Degen
- University of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Uwe Pühse
- University of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
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Dolley D, Walter C, du Randt R, Pühse U, Bosma J, Aerts A, Adams L, Arnaiz P, Degen J, Gall S, Joubert N, Müller I, Nienaber M, Nqweniso F, Seelig H, Steinmann P, Utzinger J, Gerber M. Clustered cardiovascular disease risk among children aged 8–13 years from lower socioeconomic schools in Gqeberha, South Africa. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2022; 8:e001336. [PMID: 35813129 PMCID: PMC9234795 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2022-001336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectivesTo determine the prevalence of individual cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and clustered CVD risk among children attending schools in periurban areas of Gqeberha and to investigate the independent association between clustered CVD risk, moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF).MethodsBaseline data were collected in a cross-sectional analysis of 975 children aged 8–13 years. We measured the height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting glucose, full lipid panel, 20 m shuttle run performance and accelerometry. The prevalence of individual risk factors was determined, and a clustered risk score (CRS) was constructed using principal component analysis. Children with an elevated CRS of 1 SD above the average CRS were considered ‘at-risk’.ResultsWe found 424 children (43.3%) having at least one elevated CVD risk factor: 27.7% elevated triglycerides, 20.7% depressed high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and 15.9% elevated total cholesterol. An elevated clustered risk was identified in 17% (n=104) of the sample; girls exhibited a significantly higher CRS >1 SD than boys (p=0.036). The estimated odds of an elevated clustered risk are doubled every 2 mL/kg/min decrease in VO2max (95% CI 1.66 to 3.12) or every 49 min reduction in MVPA (95% CI 27 to 224).ConclusionA relatively high prevalence of elevated individual and clustered CVD risk was identified. Our results have also confirmed the independent inverse association of the clustered CVD risk with physical activity and CRF. These indicate that increased levels of CRF or MVPA may aid in the prevention and reduction of elevated clustered CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Dolley
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, Eastern Cape, South Africa
| | - Cheryl Walter
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, Eastern Cape, South Africa
| | - Rosa du Randt
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, Eastern Cape, South Africa
| | - Uwe Pühse
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jacob Bosma
- Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Ann Aerts
- Novartis Foundation, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Larissa Adams
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, Eastern Cape, South Africa
| | - Patricia Arnaiz
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jan Degen
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Gall
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nandi Joubert
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Müller
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Madeleine Nienaber
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, Eastern Cape, South Africa
| | - Felicitas Nqweniso
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, Eastern Cape, South Africa
| | - Harald Seelig
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Steinmann
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Gerber M, Ayekoé S, Bonfoh B, Coulibaly JT, Daouda D, Gba BC, Kouassi B, Traoré SG, du Randt R, Nqweniso S, Walter C, Finda MF, Minja EG, Mollel GJ, Masanja H, Okumu FO, Beckmann J, Gall S, Lang C, Z Long K, Müller I, Probst-Hensch N, Pühse U, Steinmann P, Utzinger J. Is grip strength linked to body composition and cardiovascular risk markers in primary schoolchildren? Cross-sectional data from three African countries. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e052326. [PMID: 35667732 PMCID: PMC9171173 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Muscular strength represents a specific component of health-related fitness. Hand grip strength (HGS) is used as an indicator for musculoskeletal fitness in children. HGS can also be used as a marker of cardiometabolic risk, but most available HGS data are derived from Western high-income countries. Therefore, this study examines whether HGS is associated with body composition and markers of cardiovascular risk in children from three sub-Saharan African countries. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Public primary schools (grade 1-4) in Taabo (Côte d'Ivoire), Gqeberha (South Africa) and Ifakara (Tanzania). PARTICIPANTS Data from 467 children from Côte d'Ivoire (210 boys, 257 girls), 864 children from South Africa (429 boys, 435 girls) and 695 children from Tanzania (334 boys, 361 girls) were analysed. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Body composition (assessed via bioelectrical impedance analysis) was the primary outcome. Cardiovascular risk markers were considered as secondary outcome. Blood pressure was measured with an oscillometric monitor, and blood markers (cholesterol, triglycerides, glycated haemoglobin) via Afinion point-of-care testing. HGS (independent variable) was assessed with a hydraulic hand dynamometer. Inferential statistics are based on mixed linear regressions and analyses of covariance. RESULTS Across all study sites, higher HGS was associated with lower body fat, higher muscle mass and higher fat-free mass (p<0.001, 3.9%-10.0% explained variance), both in boys and girls. No consistent association was found between HGS and cardiovascular risk markers. CONCLUSIONS HGS assessment is popular due to its simplicity, feasibility, practical utility and high reliability of measurements. This is one of the first HGS studies with children from sub-Saharan Africa. There is a great need for further studies to examine whether our findings can be replicated, to develop reference values for African children, to establish links to other health outcomes, and to explore whether HGS is associated with later development of cardiovascular risk markers. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN29534081.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Gerber
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Departement of Sport Exericse and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Serge Ayekoé
- Institut National de la Jeunesse et des Sports, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Bassirou Bonfoh
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Jean T Coulibaly
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
- Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Dao Daouda
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
- Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Bomey Clément Gba
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
- Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Benal Kouassi
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
- Université Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Sylvain G Traoré
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
- Université Peleforo Gon Coulibaly, Korhogo, Côte d'Ivoire
| | | | | | | | - Marceline F Finda
- Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara/Dar es Salam, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Elihaika G Minja
- Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara/Dar es Salam, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Getrud J Mollel
- Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara/Dar es Salam, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Honorati Masanja
- Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara/Dar es Salam, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Fredros O Okumu
- Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara/Dar es Salam, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Johanna Beckmann
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Departement of Sport Exericse and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Gall
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Departement of Sport Exericse and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christin Lang
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Departement of Sport Exericse and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kurt Z Long
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Müller
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Departement of Sport Exericse and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Uwe Pühse
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Departement of Sport Exericse and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Steinmann
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Juerg Utzinger
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
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Long KZ, Beckmann J, Lang C, Seelig H, Nqweniso S, Probst-Hensch N, Müller I, Pühse U, Steinmann P, du Randt R, Walter C, Utzinger J, Gerber M. Impact of a school-based health intervention program on body composition among South African primary schoolchildren: results from the KaziAfya cluster-randomized controlled trial. BMC Med 2022; 20:27. [PMID: 35081959 PMCID: PMC8793158 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-021-02223-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of overweight and obesity is increasing among African children potentially predisposing them to greater obesity and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in adulthood. This risk may be higher among growth-impaired children who may have greater fat mass. Therefore, we examined the effects of school-based physical activity (PA) promotion and multi-micronutrient supplementation (MMNS) on body composition among South African children enrolled in a longitudinal school-based randomized controlled trial. METHODS Children were cluster-randomized by class to one of four groups: (a) a physical activity group (PA), (b) a multi-micronutrient supplementation group (MMNS), (c) a physical activity + multi-micronutrient supplementation group (PA + MMNS), and (d) control group, and were being followed for 3 years. Linear random effects regression models with random intercepts for school classes tested the associations of each intervention arm with overall fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), truncal fat mass (TrFM), and truncal fat-free mass (TrFFM) at 9 months (T2) for boys and girls. These differences were then explored among children who differed in height velocity (HV). RESULTS A total of 1304 children (614 girls, 667 boys) in twelve clusters were assessed at baseline and after 9 months follow-up (T2). At baseline, approximately 15% of children were classified as overweight or obese while approximately 38% of children were classified as mildly stunted or moderately/severely stunted. Among girls, promotion of PA was associated with reduced FM and TrFM at T2 while MMNS was associated with increased FFM. Children with reduced HV in the PA arm had reduced FM while children in the MMNS arm with lower HV had increased FM compared to children in the control arm. Similarly, children with lower HV in the MM and PA groups had reduced TrFM compared to children in the control arm. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that the promotion of school-based physical activity programs and micronutrient supplementation can reduce childhood adiposity and so reduce the risk of obesity and chronic diseases later in adulthood. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN, ISRCTN29534081 . Registered on August 9, 2018. The trial was designed, analyzed, and interpreted based on the CONSORT protocol (Additional file 1: CONSORT checklist for randomized trial).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Z Long
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, University of Basel, Socinstrasse 57, 4051, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Johanna Beckmann
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christin Lang
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Harald Seelig
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Siphesihle Nqweniso
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, University of Basel, Socinstrasse 57, 4051, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Müller
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Uwe Pühse
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Steinmann
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, University of Basel, Socinstrasse 57, 4051, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rosa du Randt
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Cheryl Walter
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, University of Basel, Socinstrasse 57, 4051, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Brandt O, Wegenstein B, Müller I, Smith D, Nqweniso S, Adams L, Müller S, du Randt R, Pühse U, Gerber M, Navarini AA, Utzinger J, Daniel Labhardt N, Schindler C, Walter C. Association between allergic sensitization and intestinal parasite infection in schoolchildren in Gqeberha, South Africa. Clin Exp Allergy 2022; 52:670-683. [PMID: 35073608 PMCID: PMC9310757 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Inconsistent data exist regarding the influence of parasitic infection on the prevalence of allergic sensitization and disorders. Objective To investigate the impact of geohelminth and protozoan infections on sensitization patterns and allergic symptoms of children living in low‐income communities in Gqeberha, South Africa. Methods In a cross‐sectional study, 587 schoolchildren aged 8–12 years were recruited in June 2016 and screened for reactivity to common allergens by skin prick tests (SPTs) and for parasitic infections by stool examination. Additionally, questionnaires were completed to record allergic symptoms the children may have experienced. Results Positive SPTs were found in 237/587 children (40.4%), and about one‐third of whom were polysensitized. Sensitizations were most frequently detected against the house dust mites (HDM) Dermatophagoides spp. (31.9%) and Blomia tropicalis (21.0%). Infections with geohelminths (Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura) were found in 26.8% and protozoan infections (Giardia intestinalis, Cryptosporidia spp.) in 13.9% of study participants. Mixed logistic regression analyses revealed negative associations between parasite infection and sensitization to Blomia tropicalis (OR: 0.54, 95% CI 0.33–0.89) and to Dermatophagoides spp. (OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.43–0.96), and between protozoan infection and allergic sensitization to any aeroallergen, although these associations were not significant when adjusted for false discovery. Geohelminth infection and intensity of geohelminth infection were both associated with reduced risk of polysensitization (OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.21–0.86), and this association remained significant with adjustment for false discovery. Reported respiratory symptoms were associated with HDM sensitization (ORs from 1.54 to 2.48), but not with parasite infection. Conclusions and clinical relevance Our data suggest that geohelminth infection and high geohelminth infection intensity are associated with a reduced risk of polysensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Brandt
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy Unit, University Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Children's University Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Wegenstein
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy Unit, University Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Müller
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Danielle Smith
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Ggeberha, South Africa
| | - Siphesihle Nqweniso
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Ggeberha, South Africa
| | - Larissa Adams
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Ggeberha, South Africa
| | - Simon Müller
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rosa du Randt
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Ggeberha, South Africa
| | - Uwe Pühse
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexander A Navarini
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Cheryl Walter
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Ggeberha, South Africa
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11
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Arnaiz P, Müller I, Seelig H, Gerber M, Bosma J, Dolley D, Adams L, Degen J, Gall S, Joubert N, Nienaber M, Nqweniso S, Aerts A, Steinmann P, du Randt R, Walter C, Utzinger J, Pühse U. Practice Change Needed for the Identification of Pediatric Hypertension in Marginalized Populations: An Example From South Africa. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:877431. [PMID: 35633959 PMCID: PMC9130957 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.877431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypertension in children has increased globally over the past 20 years; yet, little is known about this issue among disadvantaged communities from low- and middle-income countries. Age-, sex-, and height-adjusted normative tables are the "gold" standard for the diagnosis and estimation of pediatric hypertension worldwide, but it is unclear whether the use of international standards is appropriate for all contexts. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare different international references to identify hypertension among South African school-aged children from disadvantaged communities. METHODS Blood pressure, weight, and height were measured in a cohort of 897 children aged 8-16 years from eight peri-urban schools in the Eastern Cape of South Africa. Cross-sectional prevalence of hypertension was calculated according to American, German, and global normative tables, as well as pseudo-normative data from the own study population. Isolated systolic hypertension and body mass index (BMI) were considered markers for cardiovascular disease. Multinomial logistic regression was used to compare the likelihood of blood pressure categorization with increasing BMI levels. RESULTS Hypertension prevalence ranged from 11.4% with the pseudo-normative study tables to 28.8% based on the German reference. Global guidelines showed the highest agreement both among international standards (92.5% with American guidelines) and with the study reference (72.5%). While the global and the American references presented higher systolic over diastolic hypertension rates (23.6 vs. 10.6% and 24.2 vs. 14.7%, respectively), the American guidelines predicted the highest increased risk for hypertension stage 2 [odds ratio, 1.72 (95% confidence interval: 1.43-2.07)] with raising levels of BMI. CONCLUSION Our results support the heterogeneity of blood pressure estimates found in the South African literature, and highlight the underrepresentation of African children in international guidelines. We call for caution in the use of international standards in different contexts and advocate for the development of normative tables that are representative of the South African pediatric population necessary to ensure an accurate identification of hypertension both from the clinical and epidemiological perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Arnaiz
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Müller
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Harald Seelig
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jacob Bosma
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Danielle Dolley
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Larissa Adams
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Jan Degen
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Gall
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nandi Joubert
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Madeleine Nienaber
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Siphesihle Nqweniso
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Ann Aerts
- Novartis Foundation, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Steinmann
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rosa du Randt
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Cheryl Walter
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Uwe Pühse
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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12
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Arnaiz P, Adams L, Müller I, Gerber M, Walter C, du Randt R, Steinmann P, Bergman MM, Seelig H, van Greunen D, Utzinger J, Pühse U. Sustainability of a school-based health intervention for prevention of non-communicable diseases in marginalised communities: protocol for a mixed-methods cohort study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e047296. [PMID: 34610931 PMCID: PMC8493924 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prevalence of chronic, lifestyle-related diseases is increasing among adults and children from low-income and middle-income countries. Despite the effectiveness of community-based interventions to address this situation, the benefits thereof may disappear in the long term, due to a lack of maintenance, especially among disadvantaged and high-risk populations. The KaziBantu randomised controlled trial conducted in 2019 consisted of two school-based health interventions, KaziKidz and KaziHealth. This study will evaluate the long-term effectiveness and sustainability of these interventions in promoting positive lifestyle changes among children and educators in disadvantaged schools in Nelson Mandela Bay, South Africa, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This study has an observational, longitudinal, mixed-methods design. It will follow up educators and children from the KaziBantu study. All 160 educators enrolled in KaziHealth will be invited to participate, while the study will focus on 361 KaziKidz children (aged 10-16 years) identified as having an increased risk for non-communicable diseases. Data collection will take place 1.5 and 2 years postintervention and includes quantitative and qualitative methods, such as anthropometric measurements, clinical assessments, questionnaires, interviews and focus group discussions. Analyses will encompass: prevalence of health parameters; descriptive frequencies of self-reported health behaviours and quality of life; the longitudinal association of these; extent of implementation; personal experiences with the programmes and an impact analysis based on the Reach, Efficacy, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance framework. DISCUSSION In settings where resources are scarce, sustainable and effective prevention programmes are needed. The purpose of this protocol is to outline the design of a study to evaluate KaziKidz and KaziHealth under real-world conditions in terms of effectiveness, being long-lasting and becoming institutionalised. We hypothesise that a mixed-methods approach will increase understanding of the interventions' capacity to lead to sustainable favourable health outcomes amid challenging environments, thereby generating evidence for policy. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN15648510.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Arnaiz
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Larissa Adams
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Gqberha, South Africa
| | - Ivan Müller
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cheryl Walter
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Gqberha, South Africa
| | - Rosa du Randt
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Gqberha, South Africa
| | - Peter Steinmann
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Harald Seelig
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Darelle van Greunen
- Centre for Community Technologies, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Gqberha, South Africa
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Uwe Pühse
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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13
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Gerber M, Ayekoé SA, Beckmann J, Bonfoh B, Kouassi KB, Gba BC, Traoré SG, Coulibaly JT, Daouda D, du Randt R, Finda MF, Minja EG, Gall S, Mollel GJ, Lang C, Long KZ, Masanja H, Müller I, Nqweniso S, Okumu FO, Probst-Hensch N, Pühse U, Steinmann P, Walter C, Utzinger J. Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity Is Associated With Cardiorespiratory Fitness Among Primary Schoolchildren Living in Côte d'Ivoire, South Africa, and Tanzania. Front Public Health 2021; 9:671782. [PMID: 34490179 PMCID: PMC8416979 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.671782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Physical inactivity and low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are independent cardiovascular risk factors among children, but have rarely been investigated concurrently in sub-Saharan Africa. The purpose of this study was to compare physical activity (PA) and CRF of primary schoolchildren living in Côte d'Ivoire (CI), South Africa (ZA), and Tanzania (TZ), to test sex- and age-related differences, and to examine whether PA and CRF are associated with each other. Methods: Baseline data from an ongoing cluster-randomized controlled trial were used, including 499 children from CI (Taabo, 49% girls, M = 8.0 ± 1.6 years), 1,074 children from ZA (Gqeberha, 49% girls, M = 8.3 ± 1.4 years), and 593 children from TZ (Ifakara, 51% girls, M = 9.4 ± 1.7 years). PA was assessed by accelerometry and CRF by a 20 m shuttle-run test. The data were analyzed using multi-/univariate analyses of variance and mixed linear models. Results: Most children met recommendations put forward by the World Health Organization for moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and achieved high CRF scores. In CI, 89.6% of the children met MVPA recommendations (boys: 91.7%, girls: 87.4%), whereas this rate was 76.9% in ZA (boys: 91.0%, girls: 62.4%), and 93.8% in TZ (boys: 95.5%, girls: 92.0%). Children from TZ had the highest CRF and MVPA levels, followed by children from CI and ZA. Boys had higher MVPA levels than girls, whereas girls engaged in more sedentary behavior. Sex differences were strongest in ZA. Sedentary behavior and MVPA were higher among older schoolchildren compared to their younger peers. Higher MVPA, but not sedentary behavior, was associated with better CRF. Conclusions: In all three settings, higher levels of MVPA were associated with higher CRF scores. Nevertheless, children living in the most urbanized setting (such as observed in ZA) were physically less active and had lower CRF than peers living in more rural areas (such as observed in CI and TZ). Particularly for girls, urbanization might increase the risk for insufficient MVPA, which may have negative effects on their CRF, thus negatively influencing health and well-being at later age.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Serge A. Ayekoé
- Institut National de la Jeunesse et des Sports, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | | | - Bassirou Bonfoh
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Kouadio Benal Kouassi
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences et Technologies des Aliments, Université Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Bomey Clément Gba
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Sylvain G. Traoré
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche, Université Peleforo Gon Coulibaly, Korhogo, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Jean T. Coulibaly
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dao Daouda
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kurt Z. Long
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Uwe Pühse
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Steinmann
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Jürg Utzinger
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
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Long KZ, Beckmann J, Lang C, Seelig H, Nqweniso S, Probst-Hensch N, Müller I, Pühse U, Steinmann P, du Randt R, Walter C, Utzinger J, Gerber M. Associations of Growth Impairment and Body Composition among South African School-Aged Children Enrolled in the KaziAfya Project. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082735. [PMID: 34444895 PMCID: PMC8399056 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Early childhood malnutrition may result in increased fat mass (FM) among school-aged children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We explored whether South African children with shorter stature have greater overall and abdominal FM compared to normal stature children. (2) Methods: Baseline assessments of body composition and weight were determined among school-aged children enrolled in a randomized controlled trial in Port Elizabeth, South Africa, using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Multiple linear regression models tested associations of children’s height and degree of stunting with FM, fat free mass (FFM), truncal fat mass (TrFM), and truncal fat free mass (TrFFM) overall and by sex. (3) Results: A total of 1287 children (619 girls, 668 boys) were assessed at baseline. Reduced child height was associated with higher FM and lower FFM and TrFFM, but these associations were reversed with increases in height. Girls classified as mildly or moderately/severely stunted had higher FM and TrFM but lower FFM and TrFFM, while no association was found for boys. (4) Conclusions: Our study suggests that efforts to reduce the non-communicable disease burden in LMICs should target growth-impaired children who may have greater overall FM and greater abdominal FM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Z. Long
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; (N.P.-H.); (P.S.); (J.U.)
- University of Basel, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-61-284-8255
| | - Johanna Beckmann
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; (J.B.); (C.L.); (H.S.); (I.M.); (U.P.); (M.G.)
| | - Christin Lang
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; (J.B.); (C.L.); (H.S.); (I.M.); (U.P.); (M.G.)
| | - Harald Seelig
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; (J.B.); (C.L.); (H.S.); (I.M.); (U.P.); (M.G.)
| | - Siphesihle Nqweniso
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth 6001, South Africa; (S.N.); (R.d.R.); (C.W.)
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; (N.P.-H.); (P.S.); (J.U.)
- University of Basel, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Müller
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; (J.B.); (C.L.); (H.S.); (I.M.); (U.P.); (M.G.)
| | - Uwe Pühse
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; (J.B.); (C.L.); (H.S.); (I.M.); (U.P.); (M.G.)
| | - Peter Steinmann
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; (N.P.-H.); (P.S.); (J.U.)
- University of Basel, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rosa du Randt
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth 6001, South Africa; (S.N.); (R.d.R.); (C.W.)
| | - Cheryl Walter
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth 6001, South Africa; (S.N.); (R.d.R.); (C.W.)
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; (N.P.-H.); (P.S.); (J.U.)
- University of Basel, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; (J.B.); (C.L.); (H.S.); (I.M.); (U.P.); (M.G.)
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15
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Joubert N, Walter C, du Randt R, Aerts A, Adams L, Degen J, Gall S, Müller I, Nienaber M, Nqweniso S, des Rosiers S, Seelig H, Smith D, Steinmann P, Probst-Hensch N, Utzinger J, Pühse U, Gerber M. Hypertension among South African children in disadvantaged areas and associations with physical activity, fitness, and cardiovascular risk markers: A cross-sectional study. J Sports Sci 2021; 39:2454-2467. [PMID: 34334121 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2021.1939964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Childhood hypertension drives hypertension in later life; hence, assessing blood pressure in children is an important measure to determine current and future cardiovascular health. There is, however, a paucity of childhood blood pressure data, particularly for sub-Saharan Africa. This study explores blood pressure and associations with age, sex, socioeconomic status, physical activity, fitness, and cardiovascular risk markers. In the 'Disease, Activity and Schoolchildren's Health' (DASH) study, a cross-sectional analysis was conducted in disadvantaged neighbourhoods in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. Assessments included blood pressure, accelerometer-measured physical activity, physical fitness, and cardiovascular risk markers. The study consisted of 785 children (383 boys, 402 girls, M = 12.4±0.9 years). Overall, 18% of the children were classified as hypertensive, while 20% were either overweight/obese, and almost four out of ten children did not meet global daily physical activity recommendations. Hypertensive children were more likely to be overweight/obese, χ2 (2,785) = 14.42, p < 0.01, but only if they did not meet physical activity recommendations, χ2 (2,295) = 11.93, p < 0.01. Considering the moderating effect which sufficient activity has on the relationship between hypertension and body weight, more emphasis should be placed on early primary health intervention and education strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandi Joubert
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cheryl Walter
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Rosa du Randt
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Ann Aerts
- Novartis Foundation, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Larissa Adams
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Jan Degen
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Gall
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Müller
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Madeleine Nienaber
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Siphesihle Nqweniso
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | | | - Harald Seelig
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Danielle Smith
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Peter Steinmann
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Uwe Pühse
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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16
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Ribeiro LMB, Müller I, Buss Becker L. Communication Interface Manager for Improving Performance of Heterogeneous UAV Networks. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:s21134255. [PMID: 34206161 PMCID: PMC8271913 DOI: 10.3390/s21134255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Exchanging messages with stable connections in missions composed of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) remains a challenge. The variations in UAV distances from each other, considering their individual trajectories, and the medium dynamic factors are important points to be addressed.In this context, to increase the stability of UAV-to-UAV (U2U) communication with link quality, this paper presents an interface manager (IM) that is capable of improving communication in multi-UAV networks.Given a predefined set of available individual wireless interfaces, the proposed IM dynamically defines the best interface for sending messages based on on-flight conditions sensed and calculated dynamically from the wireless medium. Different simulation scenarios are generated using a complex and realistic experimental setup composed of traditional simulators such as NS-3, Gazebo, and GzUAV. IEEE 802.11n 2.4 GHz and 802.11p 5 GHz interfaces are used for the IM selection. The IM performance is evaluated in terms of metrics from the medium-access-control (MAC) and physical layers, which aim to improve and maintain the connectivity between the UAVs during the mission, and from the application layer, which targets the reliability in the delivery of messages. The obtained results show that compared with the cases where a single interface is used, the proposed IM is able to increase the network throughput and presents the best proportion of transmitted and received packets, reception power (−60 dBm to −75 dBm), and loss (−80 dB to −85 dB), resulting in a more efficient and stable network connections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivan Müller
- Department of Electrical Engineering (DELET), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90040-060, RS, Brazil;
| | - Leandro Buss Becker
- Department of Automation and Systems (DAS), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianopolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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17
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Gerber M, Lang C, Beckmann J, du Randt R, Gall S, Seelig H, Long KZ, Ludyga S, Müller I, Nienaber M, Nqweniso S, Pühse U, Steinmann P, Utzinger J, Walter C. How are academic achievement and inhibitory control associated with physical fitness, soil-transmitted helminth infections, food insecurity and stunting among South African primary schoolchildren? BMC Public Health 2021; 21:852. [PMID: 33941121 PMCID: PMC8091717 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10779-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular fitness has been associated with both executive function and academic achievement in multiple cohort studies including children and adolescents. However, research is scarce among children from low- and middle-income countries. Hence, this paper focuses on South African primary schoolchildren living in marginalized areas and examines if academic achievement and inhibitory control can be explained by children's age, socioeconomic status, soil-transmitted helminth infections, food insecurity, stunting, grip strength, and cardiorespiratory fitness. METHODS The sample of this cross-sectional study consisted of 1277 children (48% girls, mean age: 8.3 years). Data were assessed via questionnaires, stool samples, anthropometric measurements, 20 m shuttle run test, grip strength test, Flanker task, and school grades. Data were analysed with mixed linear regression models with random intercepts for school classes, separately for boys and girls. RESULTS Higher socioeconomic status was most closely associated with academic achievement among boys (p < 0.05), whereas higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness and not being stunted explained most variance in academic achievement in girls (p < 0.05). Higher age turned out to be associated with better performance in the Flanker task (p < 0.01). Additionally, in boys, higher grip strength was associated with better information processing and inhibitory control of attention (p < 0.01), whereas in girls, higher cardiorespiratory fitness levels were positively associated with these cognitive abilities (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Academic performance has been shown to be compromised in schoolchildren living in marginalised areas, compared to schoolchildren in less disadvantaged parts of South Africa. The present study suggests that cardiorespiratory fitness and grip strength are two potentially modifiable factors that are associated with children's academic achievement and cognitive performance, and that should be targeted in future school-based interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, St. Jakob-Turm, Birsstrasse 320B, 4052, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Christin Lang
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, St. Jakob-Turm, Birsstrasse 320B, 4052, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Johanna Beckmann
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, St. Jakob-Turm, Birsstrasse 320B, 4052, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rosa du Randt
- Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Stefanie Gall
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, St. Jakob-Turm, Birsstrasse 320B, 4052, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Harald Seelig
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, St. Jakob-Turm, Birsstrasse 320B, 4052, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kurt Z Long
- Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Ludyga
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, St. Jakob-Turm, Birsstrasse 320B, 4052, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Müller
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, St. Jakob-Turm, Birsstrasse 320B, 4052, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Uwe Pühse
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, St. Jakob-Turm, Birsstrasse 320B, 4052, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Steinmann
- Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cheryl Walter
- Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
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18
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Gall S, Walter C, du Randt R, Adams L, Joubert N, Müller I, Nqweniso S, Pühse U, Seelig H, Smith D, Steinmann P, Utzinger J, Gerber M. Changes in Self-Reported Physical Activity Predict Health-Related Quality of Life Among South African Schoolchildren: Findings From the DASH Intervention Trial. Front Public Health 2020; 8:492618. [PMID: 33102419 PMCID: PMC7555690 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.492618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Regular physical activity is associated with multiple health benefits for children. Evidence from cross-sectional studies suggests that physical activity is positively associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The promotion of physical activity, and hence HRQoL, through a school-based intervention is therefore an important endeavor, particularly in disadvantaged areas of low- and middle-income countries, including South Africa. Methods: We designed a multicomponent physical activity intervention that was implemented over a 20-week period in 2015 in eight disadvantaged primary schools of Port Elizabeth, South Africa. Overall, 758 children aged 8–13 years participated. HRQoL was measured with the 27-item KIDSCREEN questionnaire. Self-reported physical activity was assessed with a single item of the Health-Behavior of School-Aged Children test, and cardiorespiratory fitness with the 20-m shuttle run test. Post-intervention scores were predicted with mixed linear regression models, taking into consideration the clustered nature of the data. Results: Higher baseline levels as well as increasing levels of self-reported physical activity predicted all dimensions of children's HRQoL. Baseline levels and increases in cardiorespiratory fitness predicted children's self-perceived physical well-being (one of the HRQoL subscales). Participation in the multicomponent physical activity intervention did not affect children's HRQoL. Conclusion: Higher and increasing self-reported physical activity predict all assessed HRQoL dimensions, which underlines that the promotion of regular physical activity among children living in disadvantaged settings is an important public health measure. Policy makers should encourage schools to create physical activity friendly environments, while schools should implement regular physical education as proposed by the school curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Gall
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cheryl Walter
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Rosa du Randt
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Larissa Adams
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Nandi Joubert
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.,Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Müller
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Siphesihle Nqweniso
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Uwe Pühse
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Harald Seelig
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Danielle Smith
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Peter Steinmann
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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19
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Müller I, Walter C, Du Randt R, Aerts A, Adams L, Degen J, Gall S, Joubert N, Nqweniso S, Des Rosiers S, Smith D, Seelig H, Steinmann P, Wadhwani C, Probst-Hensch N, Utzinger J, Pühse U, Gerber M. Association between physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness and clustered cardiovascular risk in South African children from disadvantaged communities: results from a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2020; 6:e000823. [PMID: 33062303 PMCID: PMC7520702 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aim Physical inactivity (PIA) is a growing global health problem and evidence suggests that PIA is a key driver for cardiovascular and chronic diseases. Recent data from South Africa revealed that only about half of the children achieved recommended daily physical activity (PA) levels. Assessing the intensity of PA in children from low socioeconomic communities in low-income and middle-income countries is important to estimate the extent of cardiovascular risk and overall impact on health. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey in eight quintile 3 primary schools in disadvantaged communities in the Port Elizabeth region, South Africa. Children aged 10–15 years were subjected to PA, blood pressure, cholesterol, blood glucose and skinfold thickness assessments. Cardiovascular risk markers were converted into standardised z-scores and summed, to obtain a clustered cardiovascular risk score. Results Overall, 650 children had complete data records. 40.8% of the children did not meet recommended PA levels (ie, logged <60 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) per day). If quartiles were developed based on children’s cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and MVPA levels, a significant difference was found in clustered cardiovascular risk among children in the highest versus lowest fitness (p<0.001) or MVPA (p<0.001) quartiles. Conclusions CRF and objectively assessed PA are closely linked with children’s clustered cardiovascular risk. Given that 4 out of 10 South African schoolchildren from marginalised communities do not meet international PA recommendations, efforts should be made to ensure that promoting a physically active lifestyle is recognised as an important educational goal in primary schools. Trial registration numbers ISRCTN68411960 and H14-HEA-HMS-002.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Müller
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cheryl Walter
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Rosa Du Randt
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Ann Aerts
- Novartis Foundation, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Larissa Adams
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Jan Degen
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Gall
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nandi Joubert
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Siphesihle Nqweniso
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | | | - Danielle Smith
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Harald Seelig
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Steinmann
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Uwe Pühse
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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20
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Pottratz I, Müller I, Brune A, Seidel-Morgenstern A, Hamel C. Production of galacto‐oligosaccharides in monolithic membrane pore‐through‐flow bioreactors. CHEM-ING-TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202055037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. Pottratz
- Hochschule Anhalt Angewandte Biowissenschaften und Prozesstechnik Bernburger Str. 55 06366 Köthen Germany
| | - I. Müller
- Hochschule Anhalt Angewandte Biowissenschaften und Prozesstechnik Bernburger Str. 55 06366 Köthen Germany
| | - A. Brune
- Hochschule Anhalt Angewandte Biowissenschaften und Prozesstechnik Bernburger Str. 55 06366 Köthen Germany
- Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Institut für Verfahrenstechnik, Chemische Verfahrenstechnik Universitätsplatz 2 39106 Magdeburg Germany
| | - A. Seidel-Morgenstern
- Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Institut für Verfahrenstechnik, Chemische Verfahrenstechnik Universitätsplatz 2 39106 Magdeburg Germany
| | - C. Hamel
- Hochschule Anhalt Angewandte Biowissenschaften und Prozesstechnik Bernburger Str. 55 06366 Köthen Germany
- Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Institut für Verfahrenstechnik, Chemische Verfahrenstechnik Universitätsplatz 2 39106 Magdeburg Germany
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21
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Gerber M, Ayekoé SA, Beckmann J, Bonfoh B, Coulibaly JT, Daouda D, du Randt R, Finda L, Gall S, Mollel GJ, Lang C, Long KZ, Ludyga S, Masanja H, Müller I, Nqweniso S, Okumu F, Probst-Hensch N, Pühse U, Steinmann P, Traoré SG, Walter C, Utzinger J. Effects of school-based physical activity and multi-micronutrient supplementation intervention on growth, health and well-being of schoolchildren in three African countries: the KaziAfya cluster randomised controlled trial protocol with a 2 × 2 factorial design. Trials 2020; 21:22. [PMID: 31907019 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-13019-13883-13065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In low- and middle-income countries, infectious diseases remain a key public health issue. Additionally, non-communicable diseases are a rapidly growing public health problem that impose a considerable burden on population health. One way to address this dual disease burden, is to incorporate (lifestyle) health promotion measures within the education sector. In the planned study, we will (i) assess and compare physical activity, physical fitness, micronutrient status, body composition, infections with soil-transmitted helminths, Schistosoma mansoni, malaria, inflammatory and cardiovascular health risk markers, cognitive function, health-related quality of life, and sleep in schoolchildren in Côte d'Ivoire, South Africa and Tanzania. We will (ii) determine the bi- and multivariate associations between these variables and (iii) examine the effects of a school-based health intervention that consists of physical activity, multi-micronutrient supplementation, or both. METHODS Assuming that no interaction occurs between the two interventions (physical activity and multi-micronutrient supplementation), the study is designed as a cluster-randomised, placebo-controlled trial with a 2 × 2 factorial design. Data will be obtained at three time points: at baseline and at 9 months and 21 months after the baseline assessment. In each country, 1320 primary schoolchildren from grades 1-4 will be recruited. In each school, classes will be randomly assigned to one of four interventions: (i) physical activity; (ii) multi-micronutrient supplementation; (iii) physical activity plus multi-micronutrient supplementation; and (iv) no intervention, which will serve as the control. A placebo product will be given to all children who do not receive multi-micronutrient supplementation. After obtaining written informed consent from the parents/guardians, the children will be subjected to anthropometric, clinical, parasitological and physiological assessments. Additionally, fitness tests will be performed, and children will be invited to wear an accelerometer device for 7 days to objectively assess their physical activity. Children infected with S. mansoni and soil-transmitted helminths will receive deworming drugs according to national policies. Health and nutrition education will be provided to the whole study population independently of the study arm allocation. DISCUSSION The study builds on the experience and lessons of a previous study conducted in South Africa. It involves three African countries with different social-ecological contexts to investigate whether results are generalisable across the continent. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was registered on August 9, 2018, with ISRCTN. https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN29534081.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Serge A Ayekoé
- Institut National de la Jeunesse et des Sports, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Johanna Beckmann
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bassirou Bonfoh
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Jean T Coulibaly
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Dao Daouda
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Rosa du Randt
- Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Lina Finda
- Ifakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam/Ifakara, Tanzania
| | - Stefanie Gall
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Christin Lang
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kurt Z Long
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Ludyga
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Ivan Müller
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Fredros Okumu
- Ifakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam/Ifakara, Tanzania
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Uwe Pühse
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Steinmann
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sylvain G Traoré
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences et Technologies des Aliments, Université Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Cheryl Walter
- Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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22
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Gerber M, Ayekoé SA, Beckmann J, Bonfoh B, Coulibaly JT, Daouda D, du Randt R, Finda L, Gall S, Mollel GJ, Lang C, Long KZ, Ludyga S, Masanja H, Müller I, Nqweniso S, Okumu F, Probst-Hensch N, Pühse U, Steinmann P, Traoré SG, Walter C, Utzinger J. Effects of school-based physical activity and multi-micronutrient supplementation intervention on growth, health and well-being of schoolchildren in three African countries: the KaziAfya cluster randomised controlled trial protocol with a 2 × 2 factorial design. Trials 2020; 21:22. [PMID: 31907019 PMCID: PMC6945709 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-019-3883-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In low- and middle-income countries, infectious diseases remain a key public health issue. Additionally, non-communicable diseases are a rapidly growing public health problem that impose a considerable burden on population health. One way to address this dual disease burden, is to incorporate (lifestyle) health promotion measures within the education sector. In the planned study, we will (i) assess and compare physical activity, physical fitness, micronutrient status, body composition, infections with soil-transmitted helminths, Schistosoma mansoni, malaria, inflammatory and cardiovascular health risk markers, cognitive function, health-related quality of life, and sleep in schoolchildren in Côte d’Ivoire, South Africa and Tanzania. We will (ii) determine the bi- and multivariate associations between these variables and (iii) examine the effects of a school-based health intervention that consists of physical activity, multi-micronutrient supplementation, or both. Methods Assuming that no interaction occurs between the two interventions (physical activity and multi-micronutrient supplementation), the study is designed as a cluster-randomised, placebo-controlled trial with a 2 × 2 factorial design. Data will be obtained at three time points: at baseline and at 9 months and 21 months after the baseline assessment. In each country, 1320 primary schoolchildren from grades 1–4 will be recruited. In each school, classes will be randomly assigned to one of four interventions: (i) physical activity; (ii) multi-micronutrient supplementation; (iii) physical activity plus multi-micronutrient supplementation; and (iv) no intervention, which will serve as the control. A placebo product will be given to all children who do not receive multi-micronutrient supplementation. After obtaining written informed consent from the parents/guardians, the children will be subjected to anthropometric, clinical, parasitological and physiological assessments. Additionally, fitness tests will be performed, and children will be invited to wear an accelerometer device for 7 days to objectively assess their physical activity. Children infected with S. mansoni and soil-transmitted helminths will receive deworming drugs according to national policies. Health and nutrition education will be provided to the whole study population independently of the study arm allocation. Discussion The study builds on the experience and lessons of a previous study conducted in South Africa. It involves three African countries with different social-ecological contexts to investigate whether results are generalisable across the continent. Trial registration The study was registered on August 9, 2018, with ISRCTN. 10.1186/ISRCTN29534081.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Serge A Ayekoé
- Institut National de la Jeunesse et des Sports, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Johanna Beckmann
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bassirou Bonfoh
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Jean T Coulibaly
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.,Unité de Formation et de Recherche Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Dao Daouda
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Rosa du Randt
- Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Lina Finda
- Ifakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam/Ifakara, Tanzania
| | - Stefanie Gall
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Christin Lang
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kurt Z Long
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Ludyga
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Ivan Müller
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Fredros Okumu
- Ifakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam/Ifakara, Tanzania
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Uwe Pühse
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Steinmann
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sylvain G Traoré
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.,Unité de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences et Technologies des Aliments, Université Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Cheryl Walter
- Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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23
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Smith D, Adams L, du Randt R, Degen J, Gall S, Joubert N, Müller I, Nqweniso S, Pühse U, Steinmann P, Utzinger J, Walter C, Gerber M. Physical fitness and nutritional anthropometric status of children from disadvantaged communities in the Nelson Mandela Bay region. S Afr J Sports Med 2020; 32:v32i1a8158. [PMID: 36818972 PMCID: PMC9924534 DOI: 10.17159/2078-516x/2020/v32i1a8158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Information about the relationships between physical fitness, body composition and nutrition has increased in recent years; however, little is known about physical fitness and the coexistence of under-/overnutrition among children living in disadvantaged areas. Objectives To determine the physical fitness status and its association with body composition, growth and selected socio-demographics in primary schoolchildren from disadvantaged communities in the Nelson Mandela Bay region. Methods Nine hundred and sixty-five children (49% girls, M=9.5 years) participated in this cross-sectional study. Height and weight were measured to establish body mass index, and height-for-age z-scores. Physical fitness was assessed using tests from the Eurofit Physical Fitness test battery (flexibility, upper/lower body muscular strength and cardiorespiratory fitness). Between-group differences and cross-sectional associations were examined with univariate (Chi2-tests, analyses of variance) and multivariate methods (mixed linear/logistic regression). Results Most children had normal weight (76.7%), while 4.5% were underweight and 18.7% were overweight/obese. Underweight children and children with stunted growth (11.5%) had lower average upper body strength (p<0.001). Overweight/obese children had lower scores in weight-bearing activities (p<0.001). Children with higher socio-economic status were more likely to be overweight and obese (p<0.001). In the multivariate analyses, sex, age, body mass index, and stunting were associated with children's physical fitness. Conclusion Fitness assessments seem to be a relevant measure of the current health status of children in disadvantaged settings. Compared to international norms, the children in this study had relatively low scores for both upper- and lower body muscular strength. Therefore, effective school-based intervention programmes should be developed to improve children's physical fitness in disadvantaged schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Smith
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth,
South Africa
| | - L Adams
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth,
South Africa
| | - R du Randt
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth,
South Africa
| | - J Degen
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel,
Switzerland
| | - S Gall
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel,
Switzerland
| | - N Joubert
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel,
Switzerland,University of Basel, Basel,
Switzerland
| | - I Müller
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel,
Switzerland,Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel,
Switzerland
| | - S Nqweniso
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth,
South Africa
| | - U Pühse
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel,
Switzerland
| | - P Steinmann
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel,
Switzerland,University of Basel, Basel,
Switzerland
| | - J Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel,
Switzerland,University of Basel, Basel,
Switzerland
| | - C Walter
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth,
South Africa
| | - M Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel,
Switzerland
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24
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Müller I, Smith D, Adams L, Aerts A, Damons BP, Degen J, Gall S, Gani Z, Gerber M, Gresse A, van Greunen D, Joubert N, Marais T, Nqweniso S, Probst-Hensch N, du Randt R, Seelig H, Steinmann P, Utzinger J, Wadhwani C, Walter C, Pühse U. Effects of a School-Based Health Intervention Program in Marginalized Communities of Port Elizabeth, South Africa (the KaziBantu Study): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2019; 8:e14097. [PMID: 31298224 PMCID: PMC6657454 DOI: 10.2196/14097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The burden of poverty-related infectious diseases remains high in low- and middle-income countries, while noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are rapidly gaining importance. To address this dual disease burden, the KaziBantu project aims at improving and promoting health literacy as a means for a healthy and active lifestyle. The project implements a school-based health intervention package consisting of physical education, moving-to-music, and specific health and nutrition education lessons from the KaziKidz toolkit. It is complemented by the KaziHealth workplace health intervention program for teachers. OBJECTIVES The aim of the KaziBantu project is to assess the effect of a school-based health intervention package on risk factors for NCDs, health behaviors, and psychosocial health in primary school children in disadvantaged communities in Port Elizabeth, South Africa. In addition, we aim to test a workplace health intervention for teachers. METHODS A randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted in 8 schools. Approximately 1000 grade 4 to grade 6 school children, aged 9 to 13 years, and approximately 60 teachers will be recruited during a baseline survey in early 2019. For school children, the study is designed as a 36-week, cluster RCT (KaziKidz intervention), whereas for teachers, a 24-week intervention phase (KaziHealth intervention) is planned. The intervention program consists of 3 main components; namely, (1) KaziKidz and KaziHealth teaching material, (2) workshops, and (3) teacher coaches. After randomization, 4 of the 8 schools will receive the education program, whereas the other schools will serve as the control group. Intervention schools will be further randomized to the different combinations of 2 additional intervention components: teacher workshops and teacher coaching. RESULTS This study builds on previous experience and will generate new evidence on health intervention responses to NCD risk factors in school settings as a decision tool for future controlled studies that will enable comparisons among marginalized communities between South African and other African settings. CONCLUSIONS The KaziKidz teaching material is a holistic educational and instructional tool designed for primary school teachers in low-resource settings, which is in line with South Africa's Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement. The ready-to-use lessons and assessments within KaziKidz should facilitate the use and implementation of the teaching material. Furthermore, the KaziHealth interventions should empower teachers to take care of their health through knowledge gains regarding disease risk factors, physical activity, fitness, psychosocial health, and nutrition indicators. Teachers as role models will be able to promote better health behaviors and encourage a healthy and active lifestyle for children at school. We conjecture that improved health and well-being increase teachers' productivity with trickle-down effects on the children they teach and train. TRIAL REGISTRATION International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN): 18485542; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN18485542. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/14097.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Müller
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Larissa Adams
- Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Ann Aerts
- Novartis Foundation, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Jan Degen
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Gall
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Nandi Joubert
- Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Tracey Marais
- Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | | | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rosa du Randt
- Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Harald Seelig
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Steinmann
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Cheryl Walter
- Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Uwe Pühse
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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25
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Müller I, Ramis-Zaldívar J, Schmidt J, Egan C, Gonzalez-Farre B, Salmeron-Villalobos J, Mattern S, Szablewski V, Dojcinov S, Chott A, Copie-Bergman C, Bonzheim I, Campo E, Fend F, Jaffe E, Salaverria I, Quintanilla de Fend L. GENOME WIDE-ANALYSIS OF T(14;18)-NEGATIVE FOLLICULAR LYMPHOMA. Hematol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.102_2629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. Müller
- Institute of Pathology; University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - J. Ramis-Zaldívar
- Hematopathology Unit; Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CIBERONC, Universitat de Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - J. Schmidt
- Institute of Pathology; University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - C. Egan
- Laboratory of Pathology; Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health; Maryland United States
| | - B. Gonzalez-Farre
- Hematopathology Unit; Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CIBERONC, Universitat de Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - J. Salmeron-Villalobos
- Hematopathology Unit; Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CIBERONC, Universitat de Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - S. Mattern
- Institute of Pathology; University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - V. Szablewski
- Département de Biopatholog Cellulaire et Tissulaire des Tumeurs; CHU Montpellier, Hôpital Gui De Chauliac; Montpellier France
| | - S. Dojcinov
- Department of Pathology; University Hospital of Wales; Cardiff United Kingdom
| | - A. Chott
- Institute of Pathology and Microbiology; Wilhelminenspital; Vienna Austria
| | - C. Copie-Bergman
- Department of Pathology; Henri Mondor Hospital, APHP, INSERM U955, Université Paris-Est; Créteil France
| | - I. Bonzheim
- Institute of Pathology; University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - E. Campo
- Hematopathology Unit; Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CIBERONC, Universitat de Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - F. Fend
- Institute of Pathology; University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - E.S. Jaffe
- Laboratory of Pathology; Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health; Maryland United States
| | - I. Salaverria
- Hematopathology Unit; Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CIBERONC, Universitat de Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - L. Quintanilla de Fend
- Institute of Pathology; University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
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26
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Werncke CG, Pfeiffer J, Müller I, Vendier L, Sabo-Etienne S, Bontemps S. C-Halide bond cleavage by a two-coordinate iron(i) complex. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:1757-1765. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt05002c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The two-coordinate iron(i) complex [FeI(N(SiMe3)2)2]− is highly efficient in the cleavage of C-halide bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J. Pfeiffer
- Philipps-University Marburg
- D-35032 Marburg
- Germany
| | - I. Müller
- Philipps-University Marburg
- D-35032 Marburg
- Germany
| | - L. Vendier
- CNRS
- LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination)
- 31077 Toulouse
- France
- Université de Toulouse
| | - S. Sabo-Etienne
- CNRS
- LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination)
- 31077 Toulouse
- France
- Université de Toulouse
| | - S. Bontemps
- CNRS
- LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination)
- 31077 Toulouse
- France
- Université de Toulouse
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27
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Gall S, Adams L, Joubert N, Ludyga S, Müller I, Nqweniso S, Pühse U, du Randt R, Seelig H, Smith D, Steinmann P, Utzinger J, Walter C, Gerber M. Effect of a 20-week physical activity intervention on selective attention and academic performance in children living in disadvantaged neighborhoods: A cluster randomized control trial. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206908. [PMID: 30408073 PMCID: PMC6224098 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of a 20-week school-based physical activity intervention program on academic performance and selective attention among disadvantaged South African primary school children. DESIGN Cluster randomized control trial. METHODS The study cohort included 663 children from eight primary schools, aged 8-13 years. Data assessment took place between February 2015 and May 2016 following the implementation of a 20-week school-based physical activity program. The d2 test was employed to assess selective attention, while the averaged end-of-year school results (math, life skills, home language, and additional language) were used as an indicator of academic performance. Physical fitness was assessed using the 20-m shuttle run test (VO2 max) and grip strength tests. We controlled for cluster effects, baseline scores in selective attention or academic performance, and potential confounders, such as children's age, gender, socioeconomic status, self-reported physical activity (as determined by a pre-tested questionnaire), body mass index, hemoglobin (as a proxy for anemia, as measured by blood sampling), and soil-transmitted helminth infections (as assessed by the Kato-Katz technique). RESULTS Our multivariate analysis suggested that the physical activity intervention had a positive effect on academic performance (p = 0.032), while no effect was found on selective attention (concentration performance; p = 0.469; error percentage; p = 0.237). After controlling for potential confounders, the physical activity condition contributed to the maintenance of academic performance, whereas a decrease was observed in learners in the control condition. Furthermore, physically active and fit children tend to have better concentration performance (CP) than their less fit peers (self-reported activity; p<0.016, grip strength; p<0.009, VO2 max p>0.021). CONCLUSION A 20-week physical activity intervention contributes to the maintenance of academic performance among socioeconomically deprived school children in South Africa. School administrators should ensure that their school staff implements physical activity lessons, which are a compulsory component of the school by the curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Gall
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | - Larissa Adams
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Nandi Joubert
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Sebastian Ludyga
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Müller
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Siphesihle Nqweniso
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Uwe Pühse
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rosa du Randt
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Harald Seelig
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Danielle Smith
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Peter Steinmann
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cheryl Walter
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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28
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Gerber M, Müller I, Walter C, du Randt R, Adams L, Gall S, Joubert N, Nqweniso S, Smith D, Steinmann P, Probst-Hensch N, Utzinger J, Pühse U. Physical activity and dual disease burden among South African primary schoolchildren from disadvantaged neighbourhoods. Prev Med 2018; 112:104-110. [PMID: 29626554 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
People from low- and middle-income countries still face challenges stemming from parasitic infections. Additionally, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and their risk factors are rapidly increasing, which puts South African children at an elevated risk of a dual disease burden, with negative consequences for child development and wellbeing. Contrastingly, regular physical activity (PA) is associated with decreased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine whether PA is associated with the double infection-CVD phenotype burden in South African schoolchildren. 801 children (402 boys, 399 girls; mean age 9.5 years) from eight schools from disadvantaged neighbourhoods were included. Data assessment took place between February and March 2015 in Port Elizabeth, South Africa. Children who achieved PA recommendations (physically active on 6-7 days/week for at least 60 min), who were active, but below recommended standards (2-5 physically active days/week), or who were insufficiently active on almost all days (0-1 physically active days/week) were compared with regard to systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), percent body fat, and infection with soil-transmitted helminths. Moderate and high self-reported PA levels were associated with lower BMI, lower body fat, and lower risk of being hypertensive. Conversely, children with high self-reported PA were more likely to be infected with soil-transmitted helminths than peers with low PA levels. Promoting PA in disadvantaged areas is worthwhile to prevent NCD later in life, but should be combined with regular anthelminthic treatment to comprehensively improve children's health and wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Ivan Müller
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cheryl Walter
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Rosa du Randt
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Larissa Adams
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Stefanie Gall
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nandi Joubert
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Siphesihle Nqweniso
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Danielle Smith
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Peter Steinmann
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Uwe Pühse
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Böttcher I, Marquardt E, dem Berge T, Galuschka L, Müller I, Semler K, Roloff F, Christoph J, Stiller D, Aschenbach P, Haupt F, Aschemeier B, Lange K, Ziegler AG, Danne T, Kordonouri O. 1 Jahr Fr1dolin-Studie in Niedersachsen- Ergebnisse der ersten 5000 Teilnehmer. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1641779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I Böttcher
- Kinder- und Jugendkrankenhaus AUF DER BULT, Diabeteszentrum für Kinder und Jugendliche, Hannover, Germany
| | - E Marquardt
- Kinder- und Jugendkrankenhaus AUF DER BULT, Diabeteszentrum für Kinder und Jugendliche, Hannover, Germany
| | - T dem Berge
- Kinder- und Jugendkrankenhaus AUF DER BULT, Diabeteszentrum für Kinder und Jugendliche, Hannover, Germany
| | - L Galuschka
- Kinder- und Jugendkrankenhaus AUF DER BULT, Diabeteszentrum für Kinder und Jugendliche, Hannover, Germany
| | - I Müller
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Medizinische Psychologie, Hannover, Germany
| | - K Semler
- Kinder- und Jugendkrankenhaus AUF DER BULT, Diabeteszentrum für Kinder und Jugendliche, Hannover, Germany
| | - F Roloff
- Kinder- und Jugendkrankenhaus AUF DER BULT, Diabeteszentrum für Kinder und Jugendliche, Hannover, Germany
| | - J Christoph
- Kinder- und Jugendkrankenhaus AUF DER BULT, Diabeteszentrum für Kinder und Jugendliche, Hannover, Germany
| | - D Stiller
- Kinder- und Jugendkrankenhaus AUF DER BULT, Diabeteszentrum für Kinder und Jugendliche, Hannover, Germany
| | - P Aschenbach
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institut für Diabetesforschung, München, Germany
| | - F Haupt
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institut für Diabetesforschung, München, Germany
| | - B Aschemeier
- Kinder- und Jugendkrankenhaus AUF DER BULT, Diabeteszentrum für Kinder und Jugendliche, Hannover, Germany
| | - K Lange
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Medizinische Psychologie, Hannover, Germany
| | - AG Ziegler
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institut für Diabetesforschung, München, Germany
| | - T Danne
- Kinder- und Jugendkrankenhaus AUF DER BULT, Diabeteszentrum für Kinder und Jugendliche, Hannover, Germany
| | - O Kordonouri
- Kinder- und Jugendkrankenhaus AUF DER BULT, Diabeteszentrum für Kinder und Jugendliche, Hannover, Germany
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30
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Müller I, Gottschalk M, Deliviani P, Heinke S, Hommel A, Reichert J, Rodrigues R, Zubizaretta N, Ziegler AG, Berner R, Bonifacio E, Lange K. Welche Folgen hat das Wissen um ein erhöhtes Diabetesrisiko eines Säuglings für dessen Eltern? Erste Ergebnisse des Freder1k-Screenings auf Diabetesrisikogene in Sachsen. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1641781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I Müller
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Medizinische Psychologie, Hannover, Germany
| | - M Gottschalk
- DFG Research Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Dresden, Germany
| | - P Deliviani
- DFG Research Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Dresden, Germany
| | - S Heinke
- DFG Research Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Dresden, Germany
| | - A Hommel
- DFG Research Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Dresden, Germany
| | - J Reichert
- Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus; Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Dresden, Germany
| | - R Rodrigues
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Medizinische Psychologie, Hannover, Germany
| | - N Zubizaretta
- DFG Research Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Dresden, Germany
| | - AG Ziegler
- Institut für Diabetesforschung, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - R Berner
- Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus; Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Dresden, Germany
| | - E Bonifacio
- DFG Research Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Dresden, Germany
| | - K Lange
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Medizinische Psychologie, Hannover, Germany
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Lange K, Achenbach P, Assfalg R, Bassy M, Bechthold-Dalla Pozza S, Böcker D, Braig S, Dietz B, Dunstheimer D, Eber S, Ermer U, Gavazzeni A, Gerstl EM, Götz M, Haupt F, Haus G, Heinrich M, Heublein A, Huhn F, Jolink M, Kick K, Knopff A, Koch C, Koch R, Kuhnle-Krahl U, Kriesen Y, Landendörfer W, Lang M, Laub O, Leipold G, Leppik KH, Müller H, Nellen-Hellmuth N, Ockert C, Raminger C, Renner C, Schulzik L, Sindichakis M, Tretter S, Warncke K, Winkler C, Zeller S, Ziegler AG, Müller I. Screening auf positive diabetes-spezifische Antikörper bei Kindern in Bayern (Fr1da-Projekt): psychische Folgen der Diagnose „früher Typ-1-Diabetes“ für Eltern. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1641792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Lange
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Medizinische Psychologie, Hannover, Germany
| | - P Achenbach
- Institut für Diabetesforschung, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - R Assfalg
- Institut für Diabetesforschung, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - M Bassy
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Medizinische Psychologie, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - D Böcker
- Klinikum Nürnberg, Nürnberg, Germany
| | - S Braig
- Klinikum Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - B Dietz
- Berufsverband der Kinder- und Jugendärzte e.V. Bayern, München, Germany
| | | | - S Eber
- Berufsverband der Kinder- und Jugendärzte e.V. Bayern, München, Germany
| | - U Ermer
- Kliniken St. Elisabeth, Neuburg/Donau, Germany
| | - A Gavazzeni
- Kinderarztpraxis Bogenhausen, München, Germany
| | - EM Gerstl
- Klinikum Dritter Orden, Passau, Germany
| | - M Götz
- Berufsverband der Kinder- und Jugendärzte e.V. Bayern, Elisabethszell, Germany
| | - F Haupt
- Institut für Diabetesforschung, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - G Haus
- PaedNetz Bayern e.V., München, Germany
| | - M Heinrich
- Institut für Diabetesforschung, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - A Heublein
- Institut für Diabetesforschung, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - F Huhn
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Medizinische Psychologie, Hannover, Germany
| | - M Jolink
- Institut für Diabetesforschung, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - K Kick
- Institut für Diabetesforschung, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - A Knopff
- Institut für Diabetesforschung, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - C Koch
- Institut für Diabetesforschung, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - R Koch
- Leopoldina Hospital, Schweinfurt, Germany
| | | | - Y Kriesen
- Institut für Diabetesforschung, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - W Landendörfer
- Berufsverband der Kinder- und Jugendärzte e.V. Bayern, Nürnberg, Germany
| | - M Lang
- Berufsverband der Kinder- und Jugendärzte e.V. Bayern, Augsburg, Germany
| | - O Laub
- Berufsverband der Kinder- und Jugendärzte e.V. Bayern, Rosenheim, Germany
| | - G Leipold
- Berufsverband der Kinder- und Jugendärzte e.V. Bayern, Regensburg, Germany
| | - KH Leppik
- Berufsverband der Kinder- und Jugendärzte e.V. Bayern, Erlangen, Germany
| | - H Müller
- Klinikum Kempten, Kempten, Germany
| | | | - C Ockert
- RoMed Klinikum, Rosenheim, Germany
| | - C Raminger
- Institut für Diabetesforschung, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - C Renner
- Praxis Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Deggendorf, Germany
| | - L Schulzik
- Institut für Diabetesforschung, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | | | | | - K Warncke
- Abteilung Pädiatrie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, München, Germany
| | - C Winkler
- Institut für Diabetesforschung, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - S Zeller
- Berufsverband der Kinder- und Jugendärzte e.V. Bayern, Kempten, Germany
| | - AG Ziegler
- Institut für Diabetesforschung, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - I Müller
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Medizinische Psychologie, Hannover, Germany
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Htun NSN, Odermatt P, Müller I, Yap P, Steinmann P, Schindler C, Gerber M, Du Randt R, Walter C, Pühse U, Utzinger J, Probst-Hensch N. Association between gastrointestinal tract infections and glycated hemoglobin in school children of poor neighborhoods in Port Elizabeth, South Africa. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006332. [PMID: 29543807 PMCID: PMC5871004 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Low- and middle-income countries are facing a dual disease burden with infectious diseases (e.g., gastrointestinal tract infections) and non-communicable diseases (e.g., diabetes) being common. For instance, chronic parasite infections lead to altered immune regulatory networks, anemia, malnutrition, and diarrhea with an associated shift in the gut microbiome. These can all be pathways of potential relevance for insulin resistance and diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between common gastrointestinal tract infections and glycemia in children from non-fee paying schools in South Africa. Methodology We conducted a cross-sectional survey among 9- to 14-year-old school children in Port Elizabeth. Stool and urine samples were collected to assess infection status with parasitic worms (e.g., Ascaris lumbricoides, Enterobius vermicularis, and Trichuris trichiura), intestinal protozoa (e.g., Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia intestinalis), and the bacterium Helicobacter pylori. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was measured in finger prick derived capillary blood. All children at schools with a high prevalence of helminth infections and only infected children at the schools with low infection rates were treated with albendazole. The association of anthelmintic treatment with changes in HbA1c 6 months after the drug intervention was also investigated. Findings A high prevalence of 71.8% of prediabetes was measured in this group of children, with only 27.8% having HbA1c in the normal range. H. pylori was the predominant infectious agent and showed an independent positive association with HbA1c in a multivariable regression analysis (β = 0.040, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.006–0.073, p<0.05). No association of HbA1c with either any other infectious agent or albendazole administration was found. Conclusion The role of H. pylori in diabetes needs confirmation in the context of longitudinal treatment interventions. The specific effect of other gastrointestinal tract infections on glycemia remains unclear. Future studies should integrate the measurement of biomarkers, including immunological parameters, to shed light on the potential mediating mechanisms between parasite infections and diabetes. Parasitic worms (e.g., pinworm, roundworm, and whipworm), intestinal protozoa (e.g., Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia intestinalis), and the bacterium Helicobacter pylori persist at high rates in the gastrointestinal tract of people from low- and middle-income countries. These infectious agents are increasingly paralleled by high rates of non-communicable diseases, such as diabetes. We studied the association of glycemia, measured as HbA1c with common gastrointestinal tract infections among school children aged 9–14 years from disadvantaged neighborhoods in Port Elizabeth, South Africa. Our goal was to deepen the understanding of whether specific gastrointestinal tract infections might be early life determinants of elevated HbA1c levels that might lead to diabetes. We found that the bacterium H. pylori was very common among our group of children with a positive association with hyperglycemia. None of the other infectious agents showed such an association. Additional, longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether there is causality for the observed association between H. pylori and hyperglycemia. The integration of biomarkers will allow studying mediating mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Shwe Nwe Htun
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Odermatt
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Müller
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peiling Yap
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Epidemiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peter Steinmann
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Schindler
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rosa Du Randt
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Cheryl Walter
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Uwe Pühse
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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Torres GG, Bayan Henriques RV, Pereira CE, Müller I. An EnOcean Wearable Device with Fall Detection Algorithm Integrated with a Smart Home System. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifacol.2018.06.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Touceda-González M, Prieto-Fernández Á, Renella G, Giagnoni L, Sessitsch A, Brader G, Kumpiene J, Dimitriou I, Eriksson J, Friesl-Hanl W, Galazka R, Janssen J, Mench M, Müller I, Neu S, Puschenreiter M, Siebielec G, Vangronsveld J, Kidd PS. Microbial community structure and activity in trace element-contaminated soils phytomanaged by Gentle Remediation Options (GRO). Environ Pollut 2017; 231:237-251. [PMID: 28802993 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.07.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Gentle remediation options (GRO) are based on the combined use of plants, associated microorganisms and soil amendments, which can potentially restore soil functions and quality. We studied the effects of three GRO (aided-phytostabilisation, in situ stabilisation and phytoexclusion, and aided-phytoextraction) on the soil microbial biomass and respiration, the activities of hydrolase enzymes involved in the biogeochemical cycles of C, N, P, and S, and bacterial community structure of trace element contaminated soils (TECS) from six field trials across Europe. Community structure was studied using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) fingerprinting of Bacteria, α- and β-Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Streptomycetaceae, and sequencing of DGGE bands characteristic of specific treatments. The number of copies of genes involved in ammonia oxidation and denitrification were determined by qPCR. Phytomanagement increased soil microbial biomass at three sites and respiration at the Biogeco site (France). Enzyme activities were consistently higher in treated soils compared to untreated soils at the Biogeco site. At this site, microbial biomass increased from 696 to 2352 mg ATP kg-1 soil, respiration increased from 7.4 to 40.1 mg C-CO2 kg-1 soil d-1, and enzyme activities were 2-11-fold higher in treated soils compared to untreated soil. Phytomanagement induced shifts in the bacterial community structure at both, the total community and functional group levels, and generally increased the number of copies of genes involved in the N cycle (nirK, nirS, nosZ, and amoA). The influence of the main soil physico-chemical properties and trace element availability were assessed and eventual site-specific effects elucidated. Overall, our results demonstrate that phytomanagement of TECS influences soil biological activity in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Touceda-González
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiológicas de Galicia (IIAG), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Aptdo. 122, Santiago de Compostela 15780, Spain.
| | - Á Prieto-Fernández
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiológicas de Galicia (IIAG), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Aptdo. 122, Santiago de Compostela 15780, Spain
| | - G Renella
- University of Florence, Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences, P.le delle Cascine 18, I-50144 Florence, Italy
| | - L Giagnoni
- University of Florence, Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences, P.le delle Cascine 18, I-50144 Florence, Italy
| | - A Sessitsch
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center for Health & Bioresources, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - G Brader
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center for Health & Bioresources, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - J Kumpiene
- Luleå University of Technology, Waste Science & Technology, SE-97187 Luleå, Sweden
| | - I Dimitriou
- Swedish University of Agriculture Sciences, Department of Crop Production Ecology, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J Eriksson
- Swedish University of Agriculture Sciences, Department of Soil and Environment, SE-750 07 Uppsala, 17, Sweden
| | - W Friesl-Hanl
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center for Energy, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - R Galazka
- Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| | - J Janssen
- Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, 23 Agoralaan building D, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - M Mench
- BIOGECO, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, 33615 Pessac, France
| | - I Müller
- Saxon State Office for Environment, Agriculture and Geology, Pillnitzer Platz 3, 01326 Dresden Pillnitz, Germany
| | - S Neu
- Saxon State Office for Environment, Agriculture and Geology, Pillnitzer Platz 3, 01326 Dresden Pillnitz, Germany
| | - M Puschenreiter
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna - BOKU, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - G Siebielec
- Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| | - J Vangronsveld
- Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, 23 Agoralaan building D, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - P S Kidd
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiológicas de Galicia (IIAG), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Aptdo. 122, Santiago de Compostela 15780, Spain
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Müller I, Gall S, Beyleveld L, Gerber M, Pühse U, Du Randt R, Steinmann P, Zondie L, Walter C, Utzinger J. Shrinking risk profiles after deworming of children in Port Elizabeth, South Africa, with special reference to Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura. Geospat Health 2017; 12:601. [PMID: 29239572 DOI: 10.4081/gh.2017.601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Risk maps facilitate discussion among different stakeholders and provide a tool for spatial targeting of health interventions. We present maps documenting shrinking risk profiles after deworming with respect to soil-transmitted helminthiasis among schoolchildren from disadvantaged neighbourhoods in Port Elizabeth, South Africa. Children were examined for soil-transmitted helminth infections using duplicate Kato-Katz thick smears in March 2015, October 2015 and May 2016, and subsequently treated with albendazole after each survey. The mean infection intensities for Ascaris lumbricoides were 9,554 eggs per gram of stool (EPG) in March 2015, 4,317 EPG in October 2015 and 1,684 EPG in March 2016. The corresponding figures for Trichuris trichiura were 664 EPG, 331 EPG and 87 EPG. Repeated deworming shrank the risk of soil-transmitted helminthiasis, but should be complemented by other public health measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Müller
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel; University of Basel, Basel; Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel.
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Bert V, Neub S, Zdanevitch I, Friesl-Hanl W, Collet S, Gaucher R, Puschenreiter M, Müller I, Kumpiene J. How to manage plant biomass originated from phytotechnologies? Gathering perceptions from end-users. Int J Phytoremediation 2017; 19:947-954. [PMID: 28323452 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2017.1303814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A questionnaire survey was carried out in four European countries to gather end-user's perceptions of using plants from phytotechnologies in combustion and anaerobic digestion (AD). Nine actors of the wood energy sector from France, Germany, and Sweden, and eleven AD platform operators from France, Germany, and Austria were interviewed. Questions related to installation, input materials, performed analyses, phytostabilization, and phytoextraction were asked. Although the majority of respondents did not know phytotechnologies, results suggested that plant biomass from phytomanaged areas could be used in AD and combustion, under certain conditions. As a potential benefit, phytomanaged plants would not compete with plants grown on agricultural lands, contaminated lands being not suitable for agriculture production. Main limitations would be related to additional controls in process' inputs and end-products and installations that might generate additional costs. In most cases, the price of phytotechnologies biomass was mentioned as a driver to potentially use plants from metal-contaminated soils. Plants used in phytostabilization or phytoexclusion were thought to be less risky and, consequently, benefited from a better theoretical acceptance than those issued from phytoextraction. Results were discussed according to national regulations. One issue was related to the regulatory gap concerning the status of the plant biomass produced on contaminated land.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Bert
- a INERIS, Clean and Sustainable Technologies and Processes Unit, DRC/RISK, Parc Technologique Alata , Verneuil en Halatte , France
| | - S Neub
- b Technische Universität Dresden, Institute of Plant and Wood Chemistry , Tharandt , Germany
- f Saxon State Agency for Environment, Agriculture and Geology , Dresden , Germany
| | - I Zdanevitch
- a INERIS, Clean and Sustainable Technologies and Processes Unit, DRC/RISK, Parc Technologique Alata , Verneuil en Halatte , France
| | - W Friesl-Hanl
- c Energy Department , AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH , Tulln , Austria
| | - S Collet
- d INERIS, Sources and Emissions Unit, DRC/CARA, Parc Technologique Alata , Verneuil en Halatte , France
| | - R Gaucher
- a INERIS, Clean and Sustainable Technologies and Processes Unit, DRC/RISK, Parc Technologique Alata , Verneuil en Halatte , France
| | - M Puschenreiter
- e University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna - BOKU , Department of Forest and Soil Sciences , Tulln , Austria
| | - I Müller
- f Saxon State Agency for Environment, Agriculture and Geology , Dresden , Germany
| | - J Kumpiene
- g Waste Science and Technology, Luleå University of Technology , Luleå , Sweden
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Gall S, Müller I, Walter C, Seelig H, Steenkamp L, Pühse U, du Randt R, Smith D, Adams L, Nqweniso S, Yap P, Ludyga S, Steinmann P, Utzinger J, Gerber M. Associations between selective attention and soil-transmitted helminth infections, socioeconomic status, and physical fitness in disadvantaged children in Port Elizabeth, South Africa: An observational study. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0005573. [PMID: 28481890 PMCID: PMC5436891 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Socioeconomically deprived children are at increased risk of ill-health associated with sedentary behavior, malnutrition, and helminth infection. The resulting reduced physical fitness, growth retardation, and impaired cognitive abilities may impede children’s capacity to pay attention. The present study examines how socioeconomic status (SES), parasitic worm infections, stunting, food insecurity, and physical fitness are associated with selective attention and academic achievement in school-aged children. Methodology The study cohort included 835 children, aged 8–12 years, from eight primary schools in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods of Port Elizabeth, South Africa. The d2-test was utilized to assess selective attention. This is a paper and pencil letter-cancellation test consisting of randomly mixed letters d and p with one to four single and/or double quotation marks either over and/or under each letter. Children were invited to mark only the letters d that have double quotation marks. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed via the 20 m shuttle run test and muscle strength using the grip strength test. The Kato-Katz thick smear technique was employed to detect helminth eggs in stool samples. SES and food insecurity were determined with a pre-tested questionnaire, while end of year school results were used as an indicator of academic achievement. Principal findings Children infected with soil-transmitted helminths had lower selective attention, lower school grades (academic achievement scores), and lower grip strength (all p<0.05). In a multiple regression model, low selective attention was associated with soil-transmitted helminth infection (p<0.05) and low shuttle run performance (p<0.001), whereas higher academic achievement was observed in children without soil-transmitted helminth infection (p<0.001) and with higher shuttle run performance (p<0.05). Conclusions/Significance Soil-transmitted helminth infections and low physical fitness appear to hamper children’s capacity to pay attention and thereby impede their academic performance. Poor academic achievement will make it difficult for children to realize their full potential, perpetuating a vicious cycle of poverty and poor health. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov ISRCTN68411960 Children growing up in challenging environments, such as townships in South Africa, are at an increased risk of ill-health associated with sedentary behavior, poor nutrition, growth retardation, and infections with parasitic worms. Negative factors such as limited educational resources, insufficient health care and safety are exacerbating the effects of poverty and, taken together, might cause developmental delays and school failure. A total of 835 school children aged 8–12 years were examined for soil-transmitted helminth infection, physical fitness, selective attention, stunting, household socioeconomic conditions, and food security. Furthermore, children’s academic achievement scores were utilized as a proxy for academic achievement. The multivariate analyses showed that low selective attention was associated with soil-transmitted helminth infection and low shuttle run performance, whereas higher academic achievement was observed in children without soil-transmitted helminth infection and with higher shuttle run performance. Our study suggests that soil-transmitted helminths and low physical fitness hinder children from realizing their full potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Gall
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | - Ivan Müller
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cheryl Walter
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Harald Seelig
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Liana Steenkamp
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
- Department of HIV&AIDS Research, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Uwe Pühse
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rosa du Randt
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Danielle Smith
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Larissa Adams
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Siphesihle Nqweniso
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Peiling Yap
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Epidemiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Sebastian Ludyga
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Steinmann
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Schipmann S, Suero E, Müller I, Wölfer J, Ewelt C, Schwake M, Maas M, Stummer W. P16.22 Awake-Awake-Awake with dexmedetomidine compared to asleep-awake-asleep craniotomies in glioma surgery - an analysis from 180 glioma patients. Neuro Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox036.436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Müller I, Beyleveld L, Gerber M, Pühse U, du Randt R, Utzinger J, Zondie L, Walter C, Steinmann P. Low efficacy of albendazole against Trichuris trichiura infection in schoolchildren from Port Elizabeth, South Africa. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2016; 110:676-678. [PMID: 28039389 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trw075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Albendazole is one of two standard drugs for the control of soil-transmitted helminthiasis. METHODS A total of 149 schoolchildren from Port Elizabeth, South Africa, were examined for soil-transmitted helminth infections using duplicate Kato-Katz thick smears before and 2 weeks after administration of albendazole (400 mg). RESULTS Trichuris trichiura was the predominant soil-transmitted helminth species (prevalence 60.4%), followed by Ascaris lumbricoides (47.7%). While albendazole was highly efficacious against A. lumbricoides (cure rate [CR] 97.2%; egg reduction rate [ERR] 94.3%), it lacked efficacy against T. trichiura (CR 1.1%; ERR 46.0%). CONCLUSIONS Our study confirms low efficacy of single dose albendazole against T. trichiura. There is a need for safe and efficacious drugs against T. trichiura.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Müller
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, St. Jakobsturm, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lindsey Beyleveld
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, P.O. Box 77000, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa
| | - Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, St. Jakobsturm, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Uwe Pühse
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, St. Jakobsturm, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rosa du Randt
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, P.O. Box 77000, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Leyli Zondie
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, P.O. Box 77000, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa
| | - Cheryl Walter
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, P.O. Box 77000, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa
| | - Peter Steinmann
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland .,University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
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Cundy AB, Bardos RP, Puschenreiter M, Mench M, Bert V, Friesl-Hanl W, Müller I, Li XN, Weyens N, Witters N, Vangronsveld J. Brownfields to green fields: Realising wider benefits from practical contaminant phytomanagement strategies. J Environ Manage 2016; 184:67-77. [PMID: 27068275 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Gentle remediation options (GROs) are risk management strategies or technologies involving plant (phyto-), fungi (myco-), and/or bacteria-based methods that result in a net gain (or at least no gross reduction) in soil function as well as effective risk management. GRO strategies can be customised along contaminant linkages, and can generate a range of wider economic, environmental and societal benefits in contaminated land management (and in brownfields management more widely). The application of GROs as practical on-site remedial solutions is still limited however, particularly in Europe and at trace element (typically metal and metalloid) contaminated sites. This paper discusses challenges to the practical adoption of GROs in contaminated land management, and outlines the decision support tools and best practice guidance developed in the European Commission FP7-funded GREENLAND project aimed at overcoming these challenges. The GREENLAND guidance promotes a refocus from phytoremediation to wider GROs- or phyto-management based approaches which place realisation of wider benefits at the core of site design, and where gentle remediation technologies can be applied as part of integrated, mixed, site risk management solutions or as part of "holding strategies" for vacant sites. The combination of GROs with renewables, both in terms of biomass generation but also with green technologies such as wind and solar power, can provide a range of economic and other benefits and can potentially support the return of low-level contaminated sites to productive usage, while combining GROs with urban design and landscape architecture, and integrating GRO strategies with sustainable urban drainage systems and community gardens/parkland (particularly for health and leisure benefits), has large potential for triggering GRO application and in realising wider benefits in urban and suburban systems. Quantifying these wider benefits and value (above standard economic returns) will be important in leveraging funding for GRO application and soft site end-use more widely at vacant or underutilized sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Cundy
- School of Environment and Technology, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK.
| | - R P Bardos
- School of Environment and Technology, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK; r3 Environmental Technology Ltd., Reading, UK
| | - M Puschenreiter
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - M Mench
- BIOGECO, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, 33615 Pessac, France
| | - V Bert
- INERIS, Clean and Sustainable Technologies and Processes Unit, DRC/RISK, Parc Technologique Alata, BP2, 60550 Verneuil en Halatte, France
| | - W Friesl-Hanl
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology - GmbH, Health & Environment Department, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - I Müller
- Saxon State Office for Environment, Agriculture and Geology, D-01109 Dresden, Germany
| | - X N Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences (RCEES), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China; Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - N Weyens
- Centre for Environmental Sciences (CMK), Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - N Witters
- Centre for Environmental Sciences (CMK), Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - J Vangronsveld
- Centre for Environmental Sciences (CMK), Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
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Müller I, Yap P, Steinmann P, Damons BP, Schindler C, Seelig H, Htun NSN, Probst-Hensch N, Gerber M, du Randt R, Pühse U, Walter C, Utzinger J. Intestinal parasites, growth and physical fitness of schoolchildren in poor neighbourhoods of Port Elizabeth, South Africa: a cross-sectional survey. Parasit Vectors 2016; 9:488. [PMID: 27595566 PMCID: PMC5011914 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-016-1761-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As traditional lifestyle and diets change with social and economic development, disadvantaged communities in low- and middle-income countries increasingly face a double burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases. We studied the relationship between physical fitness and infections with soil-transmitted helminths (STHs), intestinal protozoa and Helicobacter pylori among schoolchildren in Port Elizabeth, South Africa. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey among 1009 children, aged 9 to 12 years, from eight primary schools in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighbourhoods of Port Elizabeth. Physical fitness was determined using field-deployable tests of the Eurofit fitness test battery. Stool samples were analysed with the Kato-Katz thick smear technique to diagnose STHs and with rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) to detect intestinal protozoa and H. pylori infections. Haemoglobin (Hb) levels were assessed and anthropometric indicators determined. Results Complete data were available for 934 children (92 %). In two schools, high STH prevalences were found (Ascaris lumbricoides 60 and 72 %; Trichuris trichiura 65 % each). For boys and girls co-infected with A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura (n = 155) the maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) was estimated to be 50.1 and 47.2 ml kg-1 min-1, compared to 51.5 and 47.4 ml kg-1 min-1 for their non-infected peers (n = 278), respectively. On average, children without helminth infections had greater body mass (P = 0.011), height (P = 0.009) and a higher body mass index (P = 0.024) and were less often stunted (P = 0.006), but not significantly less wasted compared to their peers with a single or dual species infection. Among 9-year-old boys, a negative correlation between helminth infections and VO2 max, grip strength and standing broad jump distance was observed (P = 0.038). The overall mean Hb level was 122.2 g l-1. In the two schools with the highest prevalence of STHs the Hb means were 119.7 and 120.5 g l-1, respectively. Conclusions Intestinal parasite infections appear to have a small but significant negative effect on the physical fitness of infected children, as expressed by their maximal oxygen uptake. We observed a clear impact on anthropometric indicators. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1761-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Müller
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, , CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, P.O. Box, , CH-4003, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, St. Jakobsturm, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peiling Yap
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, , CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, P.O. Box, , CH-4003, Basel, Switzerland.,Institute of Infectious Disease and Epidemiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 308433, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peter Steinmann
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, , CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, P.O. Box, , CH-4003, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bruce P Damons
- Faculty of Education, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, P.O. Box 77000, Port Elizabeth, 6031, South Africa.,Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, P.O. Box 77000, Port Elizabeth, 6031, South Africa
| | - Christian Schindler
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, , CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, P.O. Box, , CH-4003, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Harald Seelig
- University of Basel, P.O. Box, , CH-4003, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, St. Jakobsturm, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nan S N Htun
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, , CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, P.O. Box, , CH-4003, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, , CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, P.O. Box, , CH-4003, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Gerber
- University of Basel, P.O. Box, , CH-4003, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, St. Jakobsturm, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rosa du Randt
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, P.O. Box 77000, Port Elizabeth, 6031, South Africa
| | - Uwe Pühse
- University of Basel, P.O. Box, , CH-4003, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, St. Jakobsturm, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cheryl Walter
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, P.O. Box 77000, Port Elizabeth, 6031, South Africa
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, , CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland. .,University of Basel, P.O. Box, , CH-4003, Basel, Switzerland.
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Abstract
The death toll for mass murders was higher when the murderer committed suicide and when the incident was elsewhere than the Americas and Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Lester
- The Richard Stockton College of New Jersey, Pomona, 08240-0195, USA
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Esser M, Dörfel D, Müller I, Horger M. [Imaging Diagnosis of Cardial Chloroma]. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2016; 188:523-6. [PMID: 27224575 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-101644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Haidar A, Ali A, Müller I, Eichler H, Veith M, Aktas C, Abdul-Khaliq H. Novel Compatible Surfaces for Cardiovascular Implants. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1571877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Yap P, Müller I, Walter C, Seelig H, Gerber M, Steinmann P, Damons BP, Smith D, Gall S, Bänninger D, Hager T, Htun NSN, Steenkamp L, Gresse A, Probst-Hensch N, Utzinger J, Du Randt R, Pühse U. Disease, activity and schoolchildren's health (DASH) in Port Elizabeth, South Africa: a study protocol. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:1285. [PMID: 26700478 PMCID: PMC4690231 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-2636-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An in-depth epidemiological investigation on intestinal parasite infections in an impoverished area of Port Elizabeth, South Africa provides a unique opportunity for research on its impact on children's physical fitness, cognitive performance and psychosocial health. Additionally, we will screen risk factors for the development of diabetes and hypertension in adulthood. METHODS/DESIGN A 2-year longitudinal cohort study will be conducted, consisting of three cross-sectional surveys (baseline and two follow-ups), in eight historically black and coloured (mixed race) primary schools located in different townships in Port Elizabeth, South Africa. Approximately 1000 Grade 4 primary schoolchildren, aged 8 to 12 years, will be enrolled and followed. At each survey, disease status, anthropometry and levels of physical fitness, cognitive performance and psychosocial health will be assessed. After each survey, individuals diagnosed with parasitic worm infections will be treated with anthelminthic drugs, while children with other infections will be referred to local clinics. Based on baseline results, interventions will be tailored to the local settings, embedded within the study and implemented in half of the schools, while the remaining schools will serve as controls. Implementation of the interventions will take place over two 8-week periods. The effect of interventions will be determined with predefined health parameters. DISCUSSION This study will shed new light on the health burden incurred by children in deprived urban settings of South Africa and provide guidance for specific health interventions. Challenges foreseen in the conduct of this study include: (i) difficulty in obtaining written informed consent from parents/guardians; (ii) administration of questionnaires in schools where three languages are spoken (Afrikaans, Xhosa and English); (iii) challenges in grasping concepts of psychosocial health among schoolchildren using a questionnaire; and (iv) loss to follow-up due to the study setting where illiteracy, mobility and violence are common. Finally, designing the health interventions together with local principals and teachers will allow all concerned with the research to bolster a sense of community ownership and sustained use of the interventions after the study has ceased. TRIAL REGISTRATION Controlled-trials.com; identifier: ISRCTN68411960 (date assigned: 14 February 2014).
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiling Yap
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland. .,University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4001, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Ivan Müller
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland. .,University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4001, Basel, Switzerland. .,Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, St. Jakobsturm, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Cheryl Walter
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, P.O. Box 77000, Port Elizabeth, 6031, South Africa.
| | - Harald Seelig
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, St. Jakobsturm, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, St. Jakobsturm, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Peter Steinmann
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland. .,University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4001, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Bruce P Damons
- Sapphire Road Primary School, P.O. Box, Booysens Park, Port Elizabeth, 6059, South Africa.
| | - Danielle Smith
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, P.O. Box 77000, Port Elizabeth, 6031, South Africa.
| | - Stefanie Gall
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, St. Jakobsturm, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Dominique Bänninger
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, St. Jakobsturm, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Thomas Hager
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, St. Jakobsturm, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Nan S N Htun
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland. .,University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4001, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Liana Steenkamp
- Department of Dietetics, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, P.O. Box 77000, Port Elizabeth, 6031, South Africa.
| | - Annelie Gresse
- Department of Dietetics, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, P.O. Box 77000, Port Elizabeth, 6031, South Africa.
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland. .,University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4001, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland. .,University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4001, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Rosa Du Randt
- Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, P.O. Box 77000, Port Elizabeth, 6031, South Africa.
| | - Uwe Pühse
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, St. Jakobsturm, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland.
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Poli S, Diedler J, Härtig F, Götz N, Bauer A, Sachse T, Müller K, Müller I, Stimpfle F, Duckheim M, Steeg M, Eick C, Schreieck J, Gawaz M, Ziemann U, Zuern CS. Insertable cardiac monitors after cryptogenic stroke - a risk factor based approach to enhance the detection rate for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Eur J Neurol 2015; 23:375-81. [DOI: 10.1111/ene.12843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Poli
- Department of Neurology and Stroke; and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - J. Diedler
- Department of Neurology and Stroke; and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - F. Härtig
- Department of Neurology and Stroke; and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - N. Götz
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - A. Bauer
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - T. Sachse
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - K. Müller
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - I. Müller
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - F. Stimpfle
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - M. Duckheim
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - M. Steeg
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - C. Eick
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - J. Schreieck
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - M. Gawaz
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - U. Ziemann
- Department of Neurology and Stroke; and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - C. S. Zuern
- Department of Neurology and Stroke; and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
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Gastmeier A, Müller I, Kollmeier J, Pfannschmidt J, Bittner R, Bauer TT. Iatrogener „situs inversus thoracalis“ nach Pneumonektomie. Pneumologie 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1544906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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48
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Müller I, Tönnies M, Rancso C, Pfannschmidt J. Großes zystisches Hamartom der Lunge. Pneumologie 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1544903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Rapp AE, Bindl R, Heilmann A, Erbacher A, Müller I, Brenner RE, Ignatius A. Systemic mesenchymal stem cell administration enhances bone formation in fracture repair but not load-induced bone formation. Eur Cell Mater 2015; 29:22-34. [PMID: 25552426 DOI: 10.22203/ecm.v029a02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) were shown to support bone regeneration, when they were locally transplanted into poorly healing fractures. The benefit of systemic MSC transplantation is currently less evident. There is consensus that systemically applied MSC are recruited to the site of injury, but it is debated whether they actually support bone formation. Furthermore, the question arises as to whether circulating MSC are recruited only in case of injury or whether they also participate in mechanically induced bone formation. To answer these questions we injected green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labelled MSC into C57BL/6J mice, which were subjected either to a femur osteotomy or to non-invasive mechanical ulna loading to induce bone formation. We detected GFP-labelled MSC in the early (day 10) and late fracture callus (day 21) by immunohistochemistry. Stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1 or CXCL-12), a key chemokine for stem cell attraction, was strongly expressed by virtually all cells near the osteotomy--indicating that SDF-1 may mediate cell migration to the site of injury. We found no differences in SDF-1 expression between the groups. Micro-computed tomography (µCT) revealed significantly more bone in the callus of the MSC treated mice compared to untreated controls. The bending stiffness of callus was not significantly altered after MSC-application. In contrast, we failed to detect GFP-labelled MSC in the ulna after non-invasive mechanical loading. Histomorphometry and µCT revealed a significant load-induced increase in bone formation; however, no further increase was found after MSC administration. Concluding, our results suggest that systemically administered MSC are recruited and support bone formation only in case of injury but not in mechanically induced bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Rapp
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, Helmholtzstr. 14, 89081 Ulm,
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Pecina D, Löw K, Miró M, Anschütz D, Haidar A, Müller I, Aktas C, Eichler H, Abdul-Khaliq H. Untersuchung der Hämokompatibilität von neuen Beschichtungen für mechanische Herzklappen. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1394076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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