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Santos D, Abrantes N, Campos I, Domingues I, Lopes I. Impacts of aqueous extracts of wildfire ashes on aquatic life-stages of Xenopus laevis: Influence of plant coverage. Aquat Toxicol 2023; 262:106664. [PMID: 37639824 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Wildfires have emerged as a global ecological concern due to their wide-ranging off-site effects. One particular consequence is the adverse impact on aquatic environments, as wildfires are acknowledged as a significant source of aquatic contamination through ash runoffs containing toxic compounds. Yet, amphibian response to this source of contamination remains largely undocumented. This study assessed how ash runoffs from Eucalyptus sp. and Pinus sp. affect early aquatic life-stages of Xenopus laevis. Embryos and tadpoles were exposed, respectively, for 96 h and 14 days to serial concentrations (26.9% - 100%) of aqueous extracts of ashes (AEAs; 10 gL-1) composed of eucalypt (ELS) and pine (PLS) ashes. Mortality and development were monitored, and biometric data (snout-to-vent, tail and total length, and weight) measured. Sub-individual endpoints regarding oxidative stress (catalase-CAT; total glutathione-TG; lipid peroxidation-TBARS), neurotoxicity (acetylcholinesterase-AChE), transformation metabolism (glutathione-S-transferase-GST) and energetic metabolism (carbohydrate, lipid and protein content and O2 consumption), were also measured. The two AEAs induced no significant lethal effects on embryos or tadpoles. However, in general, AEAs caused a developmental delay in both life stages. Effects of AEAs on biometric endpoint were only reported for tadpoles, which showed a decreased body length (snout-to-vent, tail and total) and weight (embryos were not weighed), with PLS exerting higher effect than ELS. As for the sub-individual endpoints, embryos showed mostly no alterations on the activity of the monitored parameters, except for PLS, which reduced embryos' carbohydrate content (at ≥59.2%) and increased O2 consumption (at ≥35.0%). Regarding tadpoles, AEA exposure decreased the activity of CAT and GST (at ≥26.0%) and decreased carbohydrate (at ≥26.0%) and lipid (at ≥45.5%), whereas oxygen consumption increased (at ≥26.0%) only on PLS. Overall, the tested AEAs differentially affected amphibians across life-stages, indicating that plant coverage might affect ash toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Santos
- CESAM & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - N Abrantes
- CESAM & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - I Campos
- CESAM & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - I Domingues
- CESAM & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - I Lopes
- CESAM & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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2
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Marani LO, Garcia CAB, Lopes I, Costa AFO, Madeira MIA, Binelli LS, Schiavinato JL, Scheucher PS, Silva FB, Lima ASG, Fagundes ABFG, Maranhão E, Higashi M, Kerbauy F, Ayoub FL, Duarte BK, Pagnano KB, Traina F, Rego EM, Figueiredo-Pontes LL. ANORMALIDADES 3Q E DESREGULAÇÃO DE EVI1 EM LEUCEMIA MIELOIDE AGUDA: DO DIAGNÓSTICO AO DESFECHO CLÍNICO. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2022.09.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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3
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Venâncio C, Melnic I, Tamayo-Belda M, Oliveira M, Martins MA, Lopes I. Polymethylmethacrylate nanoplastics can cause developmental malformations in early life stages of Xenopus laevis. Sci Total Environ 2022; 806:150491. [PMID: 34844312 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) production has increased almost 20% over the last years. With its release into the aquatic environment, its breakdown or degradation to nano dimensions (nanoplastics-NPLs) due to biological and physical/mechanical action is, theoretically, anticipated. The occurrence of PMMA-NPLs in aquatic ecosystems may thus cause adverse effects particularly to early life stages of amphibians, which may be in contact with PMMA-NPLs suspended in the water column or deposited in upper layers of the sediments. Accordingly, this work aimed at assessing the effects of PMMA-NPLs to aquatic early life stages of the model anuran species Xenopus laevis. To attain this objective, two types of toxicity assays were carried out by exposing embryos [Nieuwkoop and Faber (NF) stage 8-11] or tadpoles (NF 45) to three concentrations of PMMA-NPLs (1, 100 and 1000 μg/L): i) 96-h embryo teratogenicity assay, where survival, malformation, and total body length (BL) of embryos were assessed; and ii) 48-h feeding rate assay, where survival, feeding (FR), malformations and growth rates (body weight-BW and BL) of tadpoles were evaluated. PMMA-NPLs exposure had no significant effects on mortality, malformations of X. laevis embryos but BL was lower at 1000 μg PMMA-NPLs/L. In tadpoles, no effects on survival or FR were observed after exposure to PMMA-NPLs, but significant changes occured in BW and BL. Moreover, anatomical changes in the abdominal region (externalization of the gut) were observed in 62.5% of the tadpoles exposed to 1000 μg PMMA-NPLs/L. Despite the lack of knowledge regarding the environmental levels of NPLs, it is expected that sediments constitute a sink for these contaminants, where they can become available for organisms that, like tadpoles, feed on the organic matter at the surface of sediments. Considering the continuous release and subsequent accumulation of PMMA, the malformations obtained in the feeding assays suggest that, in the future, these nano-polymers may constitute a risk for aquatic life stages of amphibians.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Venâncio
- Centre for Functional Ecology (CFE), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - I Melnic
- Faculty of Biology Alexandru Ioan Cuza, University of Iași, Romania
| | - M Tamayo-Belda
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Oliveira
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M A Martins
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - I Lopes
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Venâncio C, Ciubotariu A, Lopes I, Martins MA, Oliveira M. Is the toxicity of nanosized polymethylmethacrylate particles dependent on the exposure route and food items? J Hazard Mater 2021; 413:125443. [PMID: 33930964 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The environmental effects of nanoplastics-NPLs have been addressed mainly through short-term exposures to a few types of polymers, neglecting other NPLs that are economically relevant like polymethylmethacrylate - PMMA. This work aimed to assess long-term effects of PMMA-NPLs on the marine primary consumer Brachionus plicatilis, evaluating the influence of different exposure routes (waterborne, foodborne and both) and food items (Nannochloropsis gaditana and Tetraselmis chuii). Rotifers were 21 days exposed to: a) control, with clean medium and food-CTR; b) contaminated medium (8.1 mg PMMA-NPLs/L) and clean algae-MC; c) clean medium and contaminated algae (pre-incubated for 96 h on 8.1 mg PMMA-NPLs/L)-AC; and, d) contaminated medium and algae-MC/AC. Mortality (lx), total number of organisms (TN), fecundity (mx), populational growth rate (r), generational time (gt), and feeding rates were assessed. Effects on r and mx were found after 21 days. Organisms from AC had higher r than MC. MC/AC organisms performed better than control in all endpoints. Overall organisms fed with N. gaditana had higher TN, mx and r than those fed with T. chuii. In the AC treatments, rotifers fed with N. gaditana had higher mx. Results highlight that exposure route and food type may modulate NPLs' effects, supporting the need for standardization of assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Venâncio
- Centre for Functional Ecology (CFE), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - A Ciubotariu
- Faculty of Biology Alexandru Ioan Cuza, University of Iași, Romania
| | - I Lopes
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M A Martins
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M Oliveira
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Queirós Gomes J, Brosseron L, Ferreira JA, Rosmaninho I, Lopes I. Flour sensitization in a wooden door factory: what is the relationship? Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 53:191-192. [PMID: 33949171 DOI: 10.23822/eurannaci.1764-1489.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Queirós Gomes
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia (Espinho EPE), Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - L Brosseron
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia (Espinho EPE), Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - J A Ferreira
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia (Espinho EPE), Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - I Rosmaninho
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia (Espinho EPE), Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - I Lopes
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia (Espinho EPE), Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
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Santa C, Valente CL, Mesquita M, Lopes J, Cardoso I, Barreira P, Lopes I. Acute urticaria in children: from pediatric emergency department to allergology consultation at a central hospital. Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 54:168-174. [PMID: 33944542 DOI: 10.23822/eurannaci.1764-1489.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Summary Background. Acute urticaria is a common condition in the pediatric emergency department (ED) and no data is available in Portugal. Objective. We aimed to characterize the prevalence, etiology and management of acute urticaria in children presenting at an ED of a portuguese central hospital and report the follow-up investigation when drug or food allergy was suspected.Methods. Retrospective study of clinical records from children admitted to the ED with acute urticaria during one year period. Results. 250 children were included, mean age of 7.4 ± 4.9 years (0-17 years). The most frequently suspected etiological factors were infections (22%), foods (12%), insect bites (9%) and drugs (8%), of which, upper respiratory tract infections, seafood and β-lactam antibiotics were the most frequent. In 44% of cases, the etiology of urticaria was not determined. After ED discharge, of the 50 patients with suggestive drug or food allergy, only 48% were sent to allergological workup and the allergy confirmed in 6 of them (2.4% of the 250 children). Conclusions. These data suggest that allergy is not the main trigger of acute urticaria in ED children, but when suspected, reference to an allergy department to complete allergological workup was insufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Santa
- Medical doctor, Allergy Department, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, EPE, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - C L Valente
- Medical doctor, Allergy Department, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, EPE, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - M Mesquita
- Medical doctor, Allergy Department, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, EPE, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - J Lopes
- Medical doctor, Allergy Department, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, EPE, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - I Cardoso
- Medical doctor, Pediatric Department, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, EPE, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - P Barreira
- Medical doctor, Allergy Department, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, EPE, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - I Lopes
- Medical doctor, Allergy Department, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, EPE, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
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Venâncio C, Ribeiro R, Soares AMVM, Lopes I. Survival recovery rates by six clonal lineages of Daphnia longispina after intermittent exposures to copper. Chemosphere 2021; 264:128403. [PMID: 33007568 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Natural populations are commonly exposed to sequential pulses of contaminants. Accordingly, this study aimed at testing the existence of an association between the tolerance to lethal levels of copper (Cu) and the survival recovery ability from pulsed partially lethal copper exposures in six clonal lineages of Daphnia longispina. It was hypothesized that the most tolerant genotypes would be the ones exhibiting a faster survival recovery from a pulsed contaminant exposure. For each clonal lineage, the intensity of pulses corresponded to the respective concentration of Cu causing 30% of mortality after 24h of exposure (LC30,24h). The initial hypothesis was not corroborated: obtained results showed no association between survival recovery and lethal tolerance to Cu. Nevertheless, some patterns could be detected. Firstly, the most sensitive lineages to lethal levels of copper revealed a faster survival recovery from a first Cu pulse comparatively to the most tolerant ones, though they were the most sensitive to a second pulse exposure. Secondly, the most tolerant lineages, though being more tolerant to a second exposure, exhibited the lowest survival recovery capacity after exposure to a first pulse of Cu. However, differences in the survival recovery capacity of the six clonal lineages after the exposure to the two pulses of Cu were not observed. Increasing the duration of the recovery period from 24h to 72h did not significantly alter mortality rates, except for the most sensitive and most tolerant clonal lineages. The results here obtained suggests that standard lethality assays may sub-estimate the toxicity of chemicals under realistic exposure scenarios, since sequential pulses are not infrequent in natural conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Venâncio
- University of Coimbra, Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - R Ribeiro
- University of Coimbra, Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - A M V M Soares
- CESAM & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - I Lopes
- CESAM & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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Venâncio C, Savuca A, Oliveira M, Martins MA, Lopes I. Polymethylmethacrylate nanoplastics effects on the freshwater cnidarian Hydra viridissima. J Hazard Mater 2021; 402:123773. [PMID: 33254784 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The current understanding of nanoplastics (NPLs) toxicity to freshwater biota, especially the potential toxic effects of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), remains limited. Thus, the present work intended to add knowledge about the ecotoxicity of ∼40 nm PMMA-NPLs focusing on lethality, morphology, feeding and regeneration capacity of the freshwater cnidarian Hydra viridissima, after an exposure period of 96 h. Results showed that high concentrations of PMMA-NPLs can impair the survival of H. viridissima, with an estimated 96 h-LC50 of 84.0 mg PMMA-NPLs/L. Several morphological alterations were detected at concentrations below 40 PMMA-NPLs mg/L, namely partial or total loss of tentacles, which, however, did not induce significant alterations on the feeding rates. Morphological alterations not previously reported in the literature were also found after the 96 h exposure, such as double or elbow-like tentacles. Exposure to 40 mg PMMA-NPLs/L significantly impacted hydra regeneration, with organisms exposed to PMMA-NPLs presenting significant slower regeneration rates comparatively to controls, but with no impacts on the feeding rates. Overall, this work highlights the need to assess the effects of NPLs in freshwater biota. Hydra viridissima species was sensitive in a wide range of endpoints showing its value as a biological model to study the effects of small plastic particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Venâncio
- Centre for Functional Ecology (CFE), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - A Savuca
- Faculty of Biology Alexandru Ioan Cuza, University of Iași, Romania
| | - M Oliveira
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - M A Martins
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - I Lopes
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Ferreira C, Ferreira A, Bartolome B, Lopes I. Quail Egg Anaphylaxis With Tolerance to Hen Egg: A Case of Occupational Exposure. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2020; 30:466-467. [DOI: 10.18176/jiaci.0507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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10
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Doetsch J, Lopes I, Redinha R, Barros H. Record linkage of routine data with cohorts’ data of infants under European and Portuguese law. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The usage and exchange of “big data” is at the forefront of the data science agenda where Record Linkage plays a prominent role in biomedical research. In an era of ubiquitous data exchange and big data, Record Linkage is almost inevitable, but raises ethical and legal problems, namely personal data and privacy protection. Record Linkage refers to the general merging of data information to consolidate facts about an individual or an event that are not available in a separate record. This article provides an overview of ethical challenges and research opportunities in linking routine data on health and education with cohort data from very preterm (VPT) infants in Portugal.
Portuguese, European and International law has been reviewed on data processing, protection and privacy. A three-stage analysis was carried out: i) interplay of threefold law-levelling for Record Linkage at different levels; ii) impact of data protection and privacy rights for data processing, iii) data linkage process' challenges and opportunities for research. A framework to discuss the process and its implications for data protection and privacy was created.
The GDPR functions as utmost substantial legal basis for the protection of personal data in Record Linkage, and explicit written consent is considered the appropriate basis for the processing sensitive data. In Portugal, retrospective access to routine data is permitted if anonymised; for health data if it meets data processing requirements declared with an explicit consent; for education data if the data processing rules are complied. Routine health and education data can be linked to cohort data if rights of the data subject and requirements and duties of processors and controllers are respected. A strong ethical context through the application of the GDPR in all phases of research need to be established to achieve Record Linkage between cohort and routine collected records for health and education data of VPT infants in Portugal.
Key messages
GDPR is the most important legal framework for the protection of personal data, however, its uniform approach granting freedom to its Member states hampers Record Linkage processes among EU countries. The question remains whether the gap between data protection and privacy is adequately balanced at three legal levels to guarantee freedom for research and the improvement of health of data subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Doetsch
- EPIUNIT, Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - I Lopes
- Faculdade de Direito da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Centroa de Investigação Jurídico Económica, Porto, Portugal
| | - R Redinha
- Faculdade de Direito da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Centroa de Investigação Jurídico Económica, Porto, Portugal
| | - H Barros
- EPIUNIT, Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Jácome C, Pereira R, Almeida R, Amaral R, Correia MA, Mendes S, Vieira-Marques P, Ferreira JA, Lopes I, Gomes J, Vidal C, López Freire S, Méndez Brea P, Arrobas A, Valério M, Chaves Loureiro C, Santos LM, Couto M, Araujo L, Todo Bom A, Azevedo JP, Cardoso J, Emiliano M, Gerardo R, Lozoya C, Pinto PL, Castro Neves A, Pinto N, Palhinha A, Teixeira F, Ferreira-Magalhães M, Alves C, Coelho D, Santos N, Menezes F, Gomes R, Cidrais Rodrigues JC, Oliveira G, Carvalho J, Rodrigues Alves R, Moreira AS, Costa A, Abreu C, Silva R, Morête A, Falcão H, Marques ML, Câmara R, Cálix MJ, Bordalo D, Silva D, Vasconcelos MJ, Fernandes RM, Ferreira R, Freitas P, Lopes F, Almeida Fonseca J. Validation of App and Phone Versions of the Control of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma Test (CARAT). J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2020; 31:270-273. [PMID: 32856596 DOI: 10.18176/jiaci.0640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C Jácome
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - R Pereira
- Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Allergy Unit, Instituto and Hospital CUF, Porto, Portugal
| | - R Almeida
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - R Amaral
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Dept. of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, Porto Health School, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - M A Correia
- Allergy Unit, Instituto and Hospital CUF, Porto, Portugal
| | - S Mendes
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - P Vieira-Marques
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - J A Ferreira
- Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - I Lopes
- Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - J Gomes
- Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - C Vidal
- Servicio de Alergia, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Santiago De Compostela, Spain
| | - S López Freire
- Servicio de Alergia, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Santiago De Compostela, Spain
| | - P Méndez Brea
- Servicio de Alergia, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Santiago De Compostela, Spain
| | - A Arrobas
- Serviço de Pneumologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - M Valério
- Serviço de Pneumologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - C Chaves Loureiro
- Serviço de Pneumologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - L M Santos
- Serviço de Pneumologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - M Couto
- Allergy Unit, Instituto and Hospital CUF, Porto, Portugal
| | - L Araujo
- Allergy Unit, Instituto and Hospital CUF, Porto, Portugal
| | - A Todo Bom
- Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - J P Azevedo
- Imunoalergologia, Centro Hospitalar de Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| | - J Cardoso
- Serviço de Pneumologia, Hospital Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Emiliano
- Serviço de Pneumologia, Hospital Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - R Gerardo
- Serviço de Pneumologia, Hospital Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - C Lozoya
- Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Hospital Amato Lusitano, Unidade Local de Saúde de Castelo Branco, Castelo Branco, Portugal
| | - P L Pinto
- Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Hospital de Dona Estefânia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - A Castro Neves
- Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Hospital de Dona Estefânia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - N Pinto
- Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Hospital de Dona Estefânia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - A Palhinha
- Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Hospital de Dona Estefânia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - F Teixeira
- Serviço de Pediatria, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - M Ferreira-Magalhães
- Serviço de Pediatria, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - C Alves
- Serviço de Pneumologia, Hospital Nossa Senhora do Rosário, Centro Hospitalar Barreiro Montijo, Barreiro, Portugal
| | - D Coelho
- Serviço de Pneumologia, Hospital Nossa Senhora do Rosário, Centro Hospitalar Barreiro Montijo, Barreiro, Portugal
| | - N Santos
- Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Algarve, Portimão, Portugal
| | - F Menezes
- Serviço de Pneumologia, Hospital Garcia de Orta, Almada, Portugal
| | - R Gomes
- Serviço de Pneumologia, Hospital Garcia de Orta, Almada, Portugal
| | - J C Cidrais Rodrigues
- Serviço de Pediatria, Hospital Pedro Hispano, Unidade Local de Saúde de Matosinhos, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - G Oliveira
- Serviço de Pediatria, Hospital Pedro Hispano, Unidade Local de Saúde de Matosinhos, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - J Carvalho
- Serviço de Pediatria, Hospital Pedro Hispano, Unidade Local de Saúde de Matosinhos, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - R Rodrigues Alves
- Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Hospital do Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - A S Moreira
- Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Hospital do Divino Espirito Santo, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - A Costa
- Serviço de Pediatria, Hospital da Senhora da Oliveira, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - C Abreu
- Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Hospital São Pedro de Vila Real, Centro Hospitalar De Trás-Os-Montes E Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - R Silva
- Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Hospital São Pedro de Vila Real, Centro Hospitalar De Trás-Os-Montes E Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - A Morête
- Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Hospital Infante D. Pedro, Centro Hospitalar Baixo Vouga, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - H Falcão
- Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - M L Marques
- Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - R Câmara
- Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Serviço de Saúde da Região Autónoma da Madeira, Funchal, Portugal
| | - M J Cálix
- Serviço de Pediatria, Hospital de São Teotónio, Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
| | - D Bordalo
- Serviço de Pediatria, Unidade Hospitalar de Famalicão, Centro Hospitalar do Médio Ave, Vila Nova de Famalicão, Portugal
| | - D Silva
- Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, E.P.E., Porto, Portugal
| | - M J Vasconcelos
- Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, E.P.E., Porto, Portugal
| | - R M Fernandes
- Departamento de Pediatria, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal.,Farmacologia Clínica e Terapêutica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - R Ferreira
- Departamento de Pediatria, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal.,Clínica Universitária de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - P Freitas
- Bloco operatório, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - F Lopes
- MEDIDA - Medicina, Educação, Investigação, Desenvolvimento e Avaliação, Porto, Portugal
| | - J Almeida Fonseca
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Allergy Unit, Instituto and Hospital CUF, Porto, Portugal.,MEDIDA - Medicina, Educação, Investigação, Desenvolvimento e Avaliação, Porto, Portugal
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12
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Fernandes S, Nogueira V, Antunes F, Lopes I, Pereira R. Studying the toxicity of SLE nS-LAS micelles to collembolans and plants: Influence of ethylene oxide units in the head groups. J Hazard Mater 2020; 394:122522. [PMID: 32200241 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mixed micelles of linear alkylbenzene sulfonic acid (LAS) and ether sulfate-based surfactants (SLEnS) can be added in household products and cleaning agents. SLEnS with higher ethylene oxide (EO) units in the head groups have economic and environmental advantages. This work aims to assess the influence of the number of EO units in the ecotoxicity of seven variants of SLEnS-LAS micelles (0-50 EO units) in soils. Ecotoxicological tests were carried out to assess emergence and growth of four plants species and reproduction of collembolans. Most of the variants inhibited plants growth at the highest concentrations (1237.5 μg SLEnS kg-1 of soildw). For reproduction, lower number of EO units resulted in EC50 from 924.2 (95 % CL: 760.7-1063.4) to 963.2 (95 % CL: 676.9-1249.6) μg SLEnS kg-1 of soildw, whereas for higher number of EO units (50 and 30) no inhibition was reported. Based on these results, we suggest that a higher number of EO units contribute to less hazardous formulations, confirming that different designs of surfactants may contribute to changes in the responses of terrestrial organisms. Therefore, we demonstrate that standardized ecotoxicological assays may contribute to more sustainable and effective formulations, when used upstream, prior to manufacture and marketing.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fernandes
- GreenUPorto - Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Center and Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, Porto, Portugal.
| | - V Nogueira
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research and Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, Porto, Portugal
| | - F Antunes
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre (CIEPQPF), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - I Lopes
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - R Pereira
- GreenUPorto - Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Center and Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, Porto, Portugal
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13
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Venâncio C, Ribeiro R, Lopes I. Active emigration from climate change-caused seawater intrusion into freshwater habitats. Environ Pollut 2020; 258:113805. [PMID: 31883492 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ecological risk assessment associated with seawater intrusions has been supported on the determination of lethal/sublethal effects following standard protocols that force exposure neglecting the ability of mobile organisms to spatially avoid salinized environments. Thus, this work aimed at assessing active emigration from climate change-caused seawater intrusion into freshwater habitats. To specific objectives were delineated: first, to compute median 12-h avoidance conductivities (AC50,12h) for freshwater species, and second, to compare it with literature data (LC50,48 or 96h, EC50,6 or 21d) to assess the relevance of the inclusion of stressor-driven emigration into risk assessment frameworks. Four standard test species, representing a broad range of ecological niches - Daphnia magna, Heterocypris incongruens, Danio rerio and Xenopus laevis - were selected. The salt NaCl was used as a surrogate of natural seawater to create the saline gradient, which was established in a 7-compartment system. At each specific LC50, 48 or 96h, the proportion of avoiders were well above 50%, ranging from 71 to 94%. At each LC50, considering also avoiders, populations would decline by 85-97%. Furthermore, for D. magna and X. laevis it was noticed that at the lowest conductivities eliciting mortality, the avoidance already exceeded 50%. The results showed that the emigration from salinity-disturbed habitats exists and that can even be more sensitive than standard endpoints. Looking solely to standard endpoints involving forced exposure may greatly underestimate the risk of local population extinction, because habitat function can be severely disrupted, with subsequent stressor-driven emigration, before any adverse physiological effects at the organism level. Thus, the present study highlights the need to include non-forced exposure testing into ecological risk assessment, namely of salinity-menaced costal freshwaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Venâncio
- CFE-Centre for Functional Ecology - Science for People & the Planet, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - R Ribeiro
- CFE-Centre for Functional Ecology - Science for People & the Planet, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - I Lopes
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
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14
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Bordalo MD, Gravato C, Beleza S, Campos D, Lopes I, Pestana JLT. Lethal and sublethal toxicity assessment of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis and Beauveria bassiana based bioinsecticides to the aquatic insect Chironomus riparius. Sci Total Environ 2020; 698:134155. [PMID: 31505347 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Despite being considered environmentally safe, a deeper environmental risk assessment is needed for microbial insecticides; special attention should be devoted to their sublethal toxicity to non-target species. This study evaluated effects of VectoBac® 12AS - VB (based on the bacterium Bacillus thurigiensis var. israelensis) and Naturalis®-L - NL (based on the fungus Beauveria bassiana) on the aquatic insect Chironomus riparius life-history and biochemical responses. Acute tests estimated a 48 h-LC50 (median lethal concentration) of 1.85 μg/L (VB) and 34.7 mg/L (NL). Under sublethal exposure, VB decreased adults' emergence (LOEC - lowest observed effect concentration of 80 ng/L) while NL impaired larval growth (LOEC of 0.32 mg/L) and delayed emergence (LOEC of 2 mg/L for males and 0.8 mg/L for females). Despite not being monotonic, phenoloxidase activity increased (LOEC of 20 ng/L (VB) and 2 mg/L (NL)), suggesting activation of the immune system. There were no indications of oxidative damage nor neurotoxicity. Catalase activity was stimulated with all VB treatments, possibly associated with detoxification of immune response products. Under NL exposure, glutathione-S-transferase activity increased but did not show a dose-dependent response and, total glutathione decreased in the highest concentration. Exposure to both formulations caused the increase in protein content, while carbohydrate and lipids were not altered. This study revealed the susceptibility of C. riparius to VB and NL at concentrations below the ones recommended for field application, with potential population-level effects. These results add important information for the risk assessment of these microbial insecticides in aquatic ecosystems, considering relevant sublethal endpoints and raising concern about the adverse effects on non-target aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Bordalo
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - C Gravato
- Faculty of Sciences & CESAM, University of Lisbon, Portugal
| | - S Beleza
- Faculty of Sciences & CESAM, University of Lisbon, Portugal
| | - D Campos
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - I Lopes
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - J L T Pestana
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Portugal
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15
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Santos J, Braz P, Costa A, Costa L, Santos M, Brazão R, Alves J, Lopes I, Guerreiro A, Almeida T. Salt reduction in bread: Is it enough? Preliminary results of a HIA in Portugal. Eur J Public Health 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckz187.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Issue
Health Impact Assessment (HIA) is a methodology that aims at assessing the impact of policies in health. A pilot HIA is in progress to kick off the implementation of this methodology in Portugal with the support of the World Health Organization (WHO). In this context, the impact of a nation-wide policy that intends to achieve a maximum of 1 g of salt/100 gr in bread is under assessment.
Description of the issue
In 2017, Portugal approved a protocol between the industry and other stakeholders to gradually decrease the amount of salt in bread, as this is the main source of salt intake. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact in blood pressure from current (1.4 gr) to 1 g (29% reduction) of salt in bread. Data from two different surveys regarding blood pressure and salt intake was gathered. We estimated the decrease in blood pressure with respect to current average values according to sex, age, education and region.
Results
It is expected that a reduction of 29% in salt intake through bread contributes to a general decrease in systolic pressure for normotensive people (from 120.4mmHg to 120.0mmHg, p = 0.85) and hypertensive people (from 151.0mmHg to 150.1mmHg, p = 0.68), although not statistically significant. Older hypertensive individuals (65 to 75 years) are the group with the largest benefit (152.8mmHg to 152.0mmHg) but no statistical difference was found. Disaggregation by sex, region and education also didn’t show any statistical difference.
Lessons
The impact in blood pressure from a 29% reduction in salt intake from bread seems very small. We found no statistical significance between the current and expected values in blood pressure either for total or group stratification. The absence of statistical effect might be due to sample size as our sources only allowed us to work with aggregated data.
Key messages
Quality and access to data is needed to assess impact of policies. to increase effects in blood pressure either salt reduction from bread must be larger or a wider range of products should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Santos
- Epidemiology, Institute Public Health, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - P Braz
- Epidemiology, Institute Public Health, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A Costa
- Health Promotion, Institute Public Health, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - L Costa
- Health Promotion, Institute Public Health, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M Santos
- Nutrition, Institute Public Health, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - R Brazão
- Nutrition, Institute Public Health, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - J Alves
- School of Public Health, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - I Lopes
- DGE, Ministry of Education, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A Guerreiro
- Public Health, Regional Health Administration, Faro, Portugal
| | - T Almeida
- Health Promotion, Institute Public Health, Lisbon, Portugal
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16
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Costa A, Costa L, Santos J, Braz P, Santos M, Brazão R, Lopes I, Guerreiro A, Alves J, Caldas de Almeida T. Knowledge and Attitude towards the Gradual Reduction of Salt in Bread – an Online Survey. Eur J Public Health 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckz186.292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Bread is one of the main sources of salt intake in Portugal. Based on this evidence, a protocol signed between national Health Sector and the Associations of Industrial Bakeries, in 2017, established gradually decrease salt in bread until 2021. This measure also targets schools’ available bread, this should not exceed 1g salt, to end of 2018. A pilot Health Impact Assessment (HIA) aims to assess the potential impact on salt reduction in bread on the eating habits of children (6-18 years) and their families.
Methods
A questionnaire is being performed to assess the effect of this measure. The first version was designed by a panel of 11 experts (content validity), following the plain text principles. A external specialist revised it for facial validity. A pilot was tested. Thereafter, a REDCap online survey of “Knowledge and Attitude towards the Gradual Reduction of Salt in Bread” questionnaire was finalized. The target group is the parents or guardians of children and young persons, of School Clusters in the south of Portugal.
Results
Final online survey totalizes 33 items, divided into four blocks: 1.Knowledge and General literacy data, 2.Domestic Consumption, 3.Scholar consumption and 4.Sociodemographic. An adult responsible for the child/young person should answer the survey. Access is possible through a REDCap link, using computers available in the School Cluster, or other manner suitable for the purpose.
Conclusions
This survey will contribute to the identification of modifiable behaviors related with salt intake. Such evidence may eventually provide the opportunity for new strategies in this area.
Key messages
Health Impact Assessment as a procedure to assess the effects of measures and policies on human health. Questionnaires are a rapid tool to access perceptions, attitudes and knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Costa
- DPS, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - L Costa
- DPS, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - J Santos
- DEP, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - P Braz
- DEP, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M Santos
- DAN, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - R Brazão
- DAN, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - I Lopes
- Directorate General of Education, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A Guerreiro
- Regional Health Administration of the Algarve, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - J Alves
- National School of Public Health (ENSP-NOVA), Lisbon, Portugal
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17
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Venâncio C, Castro BB, Ribeiro R, Antunes SC, Lopes I. Sensitivity to salinization and acclimation potential of amphibian (Pelophylax perezi) and fish (Lepomis gibbosus) models. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 172:348-355. [PMID: 30731265 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.01.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Predictions of the International Panel for Climate Changes on sea level rise foresee that the number of coastal regions impacted with salinization will increase in a near future. The present work intended to evaluate the sensitivity to salinization of two freshwater vertebrate species (the frog Pelophylax perezi and the fish Lepomis gibbosus) and their ability to acclimate to this stressor. For this, three specific objectives were targeted: (i) to assess if NaCl may be used as a safe surrogate for risk assessment of seawater (SW) intrusion for freshwater vertebrates; (ii) to evaluate the sensitivity of two freshwater vertebrate models to increased salinity (both due to NaCl or SW); (iii) to determine the capacity of the studied species to acclimate to low levels of salinization. To assess specific objectives (i) and (ii), organisms were exposed to serial concentrations of NaCl or SW dilutions. To assess the capacity of acclimation of both species to salinization, organisms were exposed to low serial concentrations of NaCl during the embryonic development or for a period of two months, respectively, and their sensitivity to NaCl was re-evaluated after this period. Results showed that fish juveniles were more tolerant (96-h LC50 of 21.3 mS cm-1 for NaCl and 23.6 mS cm-1 for SW) than frog embryos (96-h LC50 of 10.7 mS cm-1 for NaCl and 10.7 mS cm-1 for SW) and tadpoles (96-h LC50 of 19.4 mS cm-1 for NaCl and 8.72 mS cm-1 for SW). The fish was able to cope with conductivities of almost one third of SW conductivity, while effect conductivities computed for the amphibian were much lower than SW conductivity (≈ 52 mS cm-1). The two-fold difference between the sensitivity of the two tested species reinforces the idea that ecological risk assessment for amphibians based on fish toxicity data may underestimate the risk to the former. Acclimation to low levels of salinity caused an increase in tolerance to salinization in P. perezi tadpoles but not in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Venâncio
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - B B Castro
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - R Ribeiro
- CFE - Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - S C Antunes
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences & CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - I Lopes
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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18
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Pereira CS, Lopes I, Abrantes I, Sousa JP, Chelinho S. Salinization effects on coastal ecosystems: a terrestrial model ecosystem approach. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2018; 374:20180251. [PMID: 30509924 PMCID: PMC6283962 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2018.0251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In coastal areas, intrusion/irrigation with seawater can threaten biodiversity along with crop yields, and the leaching of salts from areas affected by these processes can increase the salinity of water bodies nearby. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of salinization on coastal soil ecosystems due to saline intrusion/irrigation. Terrestrial model ecosystems were used to simulate two soil salinization scenarios: (i) seawater intrusion and irrigation with distilled water and (ii) seawater intrusion and irrigation with saline water. Three sampling periods were established: T0-after acclimation period; T1-salinization effects; and T2-populations' recovery. In each sampling period, the abundance of nematodes, enchytraeids, springtails, mites and earthworms, and plant biomass were measured. Immediate negative effects on enchytraeid abundance were detected, especially at the higher level of saltwater via intrusion+irrigation. Eight weeks after the cessation of saline irrigation, the abundance of enchytraeids fully recovered, and some delayed effects were observed in earthworm abundance and plant biomass, especially at the higher soil conductivity level. The observed low capacity of soil to retain salts suggests that, particularly at high soil conductivities, nearby freshwater bodies can also be endangered. Under saline conditions similar to the ones assayed, survival of some soil communities can be threatened, leading to the loss of biodiversity.This article is part of the theme issue 'Salt in freshwaters: causes, ecological consequences and future prospects'.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Pereira
- CFE - Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, P-3000 456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - I Lopes
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - I Abrantes
- CFE - Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, P-3000 456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - J P Sousa
- CFE - Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, P-3000 456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - S Chelinho
- CFE - Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, P-3000 456 Coimbra, Portugal
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19
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Venâncio C, Castro BB, Ribeiro R, Antunes SC, Abrantes N, Soares AMVM, Lopes I. Sensitivity of freshwater species under single and multigenerational exposure to seawater intrusion. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2018; 374:20180252. [PMID: 30509925 PMCID: PMC6283950 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2018.0252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Salinization of coastal freshwater ecosystems is already occurring in some regions of the world. This phenomenon raises serious concerns on the protection of coastal freshwater ecosystems, since many of them support and shelter a large number of species and are considered hotspots of biodiversity. This work intended to assess the adverse effects that salinization, caused by the intrusion of seawater (SW), may pose to freshwater organisms. In this study, three specific goals were addressed: (i) to assess if sodium chloride (NaCl) may be used as a surrogate of natural SW at early-stages of risk assessment; (ii) to identify the most sensitive freshwater species to salinity NaCl; and (iii) to determine if increased tolerance to salinity may be acquired after multigenerational exposure to low levels of salinization (induced with NaCl). A total of 12 standard monospecific bioassays were carried out by exposing organisms from different taxonomic groups (Cyanobacteria: one species, Tracheophyta: two species, Rotifera: one species, Arthropoda: two species and Mollusca: one species) to a series of concentrations of NaCl (ranging from 0.95 to 22.8 mS cm-1) or dilutions of SW (ranging from 1.70 to 52.3 mS cm-1). In general, NaCl exerted similar or higher toxicity than SW, both at lethal and sublethal levels, suggesting that it may be proposed as a protective surrogate of SW for first tiers of salinization risk assessment. Among all tested species, the cyanobacterium Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, the daphnid Daphnia longispina and the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis were the most sensitive taxa to salinization (EC50 ≤ 4.38 mS cm-1). Given their position at the basis of the food web, it is suggested that small increments of salinity may be enough to induce structural changes in freshwater communities or induce changes in trophic relations. No clear evidences of increased tolerance after multigenerational exposure to low levels of salinity were found.This article is part of the theme issue 'Salt in freshwaters: causes, ecological consequences and future prospects'.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Venâncio
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - B B Castro
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - R Ribeiro
- CFE-Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - S C Antunes
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - N Abrantes
- Department of Environment and Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - A M V M Soares
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - I Lopes
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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20
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Costa L, Santos M, Assunção R, Braz P, Costa A, Santos J, Brazão R, Guerreiro A, Lopes I, Nowacki J, Gulis G. Learning by doing: a HIA study on bread salt reduction and its effects on cardiovascular disease. Eur J Public Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky214.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L Costa
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, BioISI - Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M Santos
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - R Assunção
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - P Braz
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A Costa
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - J Santos
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - R Brazão
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A Guerreiro
- Administração Regional de Saúde do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - I Lopes
- Direção Geral da Educação, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - J Nowacki
- WHO Regional Office for Europe, Bonn, Germany
| | - G Gulis
- University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
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Nogueira V, Lopes I, Rocha-Santos TAP, Gonçalves F, Pereira R. Treatment of real industrial wastewaters through nano-TiO 2 and nano-Fe 2O 3 photocatalysis: case study of mining and kraft pulp mill effluents. Environ Technol 2018; 39:1586-1596. [PMID: 28532345 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1334093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
High quantities of industrial wastewaters containing a wide range of organic and inorganic pollutants are being directly discharged into the environment, sometimes without proper treatment. Nanotechnology has a tremendous potential improving the existing treatments or even develop new treatment solutions. In this study, nano-TiO2 or nano-Fe2O3 was used for the photocatalytic treatment of kraft pulp mill effluent and mining effluent. The experiments with the organic effluent lead to reduction percentages of 93.3%, 68.4% and 89.8%, for colour, aromatic compounds and chemical oxygen demand, respectively, when treated with nano-TiO2/H2O2/UV and nano-Fe2O3/H2O2/UV, at pH 3.0. Significant removal of metals from the mining effluent was recorded but only for Zn, Al and Cd, the highest removal attained with 1.0 g L-1 of nano-TiO2/UV and nano-Fe2O3/UV. Regarding the toxicity of the organic effluent to Vibrio fischeri, it was reduced with the treatments combining the oxidant and the catalyst. However, for the inorganic effluent, the best reduction was achieved using 1.0 g L-1 of catalyst. In fact, the increase in dose of the catalyst, especially for nano-TiO2, enhanced toxicity reduction. Our results have shown that the use of these NMs seemed to be more effective in the organic effluent than in metal-rich effluent.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Nogueira
- a Department of Biology, Faculty of Science , University of Porto , Porto , Portugal
- b Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR) , University of Porto , Porto , Portugal
| | - I Lopes
- c Department of Biology , University of Aveiro , Aveiro , Portugal
- d CESAM (Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies) , University of Aveiro , Aveiro , Portugal
| | - T A P Rocha-Santos
- d CESAM (Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies) , University of Aveiro , Aveiro , Portugal
- e Department of Chemistry , University of Aveiro , Aveiro , Portugal
| | - F Gonçalves
- c Department of Biology , University of Aveiro , Aveiro , Portugal
- d CESAM (Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies) , University of Aveiro , Aveiro , Portugal
| | - R Pereira
- a Department of Biology, Faculty of Science , University of Porto , Porto , Portugal
- b Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR) , University of Porto , Porto , Portugal
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Venâncio C, Ribeiro R, Soares AMVM, Lopes I. Multigenerational effects of salinity in six clonal lineages of Daphnia longispina. Sci Total Environ 2018; 619-620:194-202. [PMID: 29149743 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Sea level rise, as a consequence of climate changes, is already causing seawater intrusion in some freshwater coastal ecosystems worldwide. The increase in salinity at these freshwater coastal ecosystems may occur gradually (through groundwater) or abruptly (through extreme weather events). Moreover, many of them are also being altered and threatened by anthropogenic activities. Accordingly, the present study aimed at assessing the multigenerational lethal and sublethal effects caused by increased salinity in six clonal lineages of the freshwater cladoceran Daphnia longispina differing in their sensitivity to lethal levels of copper. Three specific objectives were delineated: i) to compare the lethal and sublethal toxicity of sodium chloride (NaCl) and natural seawater (SW); ii) to evaluate possible multigenerational effects after exposure to low levels of salinity, and iii) to evaluate if an association exists between tolerance to lethal and sublethal levels of salinity and tolerance to metals. Overall, NaCl was found to elicit sublethal effects at lower or similar concentrations than SW, suggesting its use as a protective surrogate of SW in early phases of ecological risk assessment schemes. Multigenerational exposure to conductivities of 0.73±0.015mScm-1 led to dissimilar responses by the six clonal lineages. Significant associations were found neither between lethal and sublethal endpoints nor between salinity and metals, possibly indicating the absence of common mechanisms responsible to confer metal tolerance and salt stress. However, some clonal lineages presented an inverse sensitivity to lethal levels of NaCl and of copper. These results suggest that natural populations of D. longispina, by exhibiting clonal lineages with differential tolerance to increased salinity, may cope with long-term exposure to small increases of this stressor. However, over time those populations may face the occurrence of genetic erosion due to the loss of the most sensitive genotypes before or after a multigenerational exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Venâncio
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - R Ribeiro
- CFE - Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - A M V M Soares
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - I Lopes
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Vieira M, Rosmaninho I, Lopes I, Guilherme A, Moreira da Silva JP. Localized salt-dependent aquagenic urticaria, a rare subtype of urticaria: a case report. Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 50:141-144. [PMID: 29384119 DOI: 10.23822/eurannaci.1764-1489.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Summary Aquagenic urticaria (AU) is a rare form of chronic inducible urticaria elicited by water at any temperature. We describe the case of a 25-year-old atopic woman who presented to our unit with a 4-year history of recurrent urticarial rashes, highly pruritic, confined to the neck and lower part of the face, occurring solely on contact with sea water. The lesions were reproduced by challenge tests with aqueous 3.5% NaCl and other hypertonic aqueous solutions but not with 20% glucose neither tap water. Our case supports the existence of a distinct salt-dependent subtype of aquagenic urticaria (SDAU), which seems to be triggered mostly by sea bathing, affects young women and has a characteristic localization on the inferior facial contours and neck. To the best of our knowledge, only eight cases of SDAU have been reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vieira
- Immunoallergy Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - I Rosmaninho
- Immunoallergy Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - I Lopes
- Immunoallergy Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - A Guilherme
- Immunoallergy Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - J P Moreira da Silva
- Immunoallergy Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
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Venâncio C, Pereira R, Freitas AC, Rocha-Santos TAP, da Costa JP, Duarte AC, Lopes I. Salinity induced effects on the growth rates and mycelia composition of basidiomycete and zygomycete fungi. Environ Pollut 2017; 231:1633-1641. [PMID: 28964607 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.09.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization, as the combination of primary and secondary events, can adversely affect organisms inhabiting this compartment. In the present study, the effects of increased salinity were assessed in four species of terrestrial fungi: Lentinus sajor caju, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Rhizopus oryzae and Trametes versicolor. The mycelial growth and biochemical composition of the four fungi were determined under three exposure scenarios: 1) exposure to serial dilutions of natural seawater (SW), 2) exposure to serial concentrations of NaCl (potential surrogate of SW); and 3) exposure to serial concentrations of NaCl after a period of pre-exposure to low levels of NaCl. The toxicity of NaCl was slightly higher than that of SW, for all fungi species: the conductivities causing 50% of growth inhibition (EC50) were within 14.9 and 22.0 mScm-1 for NaCl and within 20.2 and 34.1 mScm-1 for SW. Phanerochaete chrysosporium showed to be the less sensitive species, both for NaCl and SW. Exposure to NaCl caused changes in the biochemical composition of fungi, mainly increasing the production of polysaccharides. When fungi were exposed to SW this pattern of biochemical response was not observed. Fungi pre-exposed to low levels of salinity presented higher EC50 than fungi non-pre-exposed, though 95% confidence limits overlapped, with the exception of P. chrysosporium. Pre-exposure to low levels of NaCl also induced changes in the biochemical composition of the mycelia of L. sajor caju and R. oryzae, relatively to the respective control. These results suggest that some terrestrial fungi may acquire an increased tolerance to NaCl after being pre-exposed to low levels of this salt, thus, suggesting their capacity to persist in environments that will undergo salinization. Furthermore, NaCl could be used as a protective surrogate of SW to derive safe salinity levels for soils, since it induced toxicity similar or higher than that of SW.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Venâncio
- Department of Biology & CESAM, Campus de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - R Pereira
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - A C Freitas
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina, Rua Arquiteto Lobão Vital, Apartado 2511, 45202-401 Porto, Portugal
| | - T A P Rocha-Santos
- Department of Chemistry & CESAM, Campus de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - J P da Costa
- Department of Chemistry & CESAM, Campus de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - A C Duarte
- Department of Chemistry & CESAM, Campus de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - I Lopes
- Department of Biology & CESAM, Campus de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Venâncio C, Anselmo E, Soares A, Lopes I. Does increased salinity influence the competitive outcome of two producer species? Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017; 24:5888-5897. [PMID: 28064393 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8346-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Within the context of global climate changes, it is expected that low-lying coastal freshwater ecosystems will face seawater intrusion with concomitant increase in salinity levels. Increased salinity may provoke disruption of competitive relationships among freshwater species. However, species may be capable of acclimating to salinity, which, in turn, may influence the resilience of ecosystems. Accordingly, this work aimed at assessing the effects of multigenerational exposure to low levels of salinity in the competitive outcome of two species of green microalgae: Raphidocelis subcapitata and Chlorella vulgaris. To attain this, three specific objectives were delineated: (1) compare the toxicity of natural seawater (SW) and NaCl (as a surrogate of SW) to the two microalgae, (2) determine the capacity of the two microalgae species to acclimate to low salinity levels, and (3) assess the influence of exposure to low salinity levels in the competitive outcome of the two microalgae. Results revealed SW to be slightly less toxic than NaCl for the two microalgae. The EC25,72 h for growth rate was 4.63 and 10.3 mS cm-1 for R. subcapitata and 6.94 and 15.4 mS cm-1 for C. vulgaris, respectively for NaCl and SW. Both algae were capable of acclimating to low levels of salinity, but C. vulgaris seemed to acclimate faster than R. subcapitata. When exposed in competition, under control conditions, the growth rates of C. vulgaris were lower than those of R. subcapitata. However, C. vulgaris was capable of acquiring competitive advantage equaling or surpassing the growth rate of R. subcapitata with the addition of NaCl or SW, respectively. The multigenerational exposure to low levels of salinity influenced the competitive outcome of the two algae both under control and salinity exposure. These results suggest that long-term exposure to low salinity stress can cause shifts in structure of algae communities and, therefore, should not be neglected since algae are at the basis of food web constituting important energetic resources to higher trophic levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Venâncio
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
- CESAM-Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - E Anselmo
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - A Soares
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM-Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - I Lopes
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM-Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
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Silva HG, Lopes I. Phase space representation of neutron monitor count rate and atmospheric electric field in relation to solar activity in cycles 21 and 22. Earth Planets Space 2016; 68:119. [PMID: 27656102 PMCID: PMC5012367 DOI: 10.1186/s40623-016-0504-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Heliospheric modulation of galactic cosmic rays links solar cycle activity with neutron monitor count rate on earth. A less direct relation holds between neutron monitor count rate and atmospheric electric field because different atmospheric processes, including fluctuations in the ionosphere, are involved. Although a full quantitative model is still lacking, this link is supported by solid statistical evidence. Thus, a connection between the solar cycle activity and atmospheric electric field is expected. To gain a deeper insight into these relations, sunspot area (NOAA, USA), neutron monitor count rate (Climax, Colorado, USA), and atmospheric electric field (Lisbon, Portugal) are presented here in a phase space representation. The period considered covers two solar cycles (21, 22) and extends from 1978 to 1990. Two solar maxima were observed in this dataset, one in 1979 and another in 1989, as well as one solar minimum in 1986. Two main observations of the present study were: (1) similar short-term topological features of the phase space representations of the three variables, (2) a long-term phase space radius synchronization between the solar cycle activity, neutron monitor count rate, and potential gradient (confirmed by absolute correlation values above ~0.8). Finally, the methodology proposed here can be used for obtaining the relations between other atmospheric parameters (e.g., solar radiation) and solar cycle activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. G. Silva
- Renewable Energies Chair, Institute of Earth Sciences, IIFA, University of Évora, Palácio do Vimioso, Largo Marquês de Marialva, Apartado 94, 7002-554 Évora, Portugal
| | - I. Lopes
- Centro Multidisciplinar de Astrofísica, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
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Vidal B, Cascão R, Lopes I, Finnila M, Saarakkala S, Canhão H, Fonseca J. AB0083 Arthritis Induces Early Bone Structural Degradation and Mechanical Weakness. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.4905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Gavina A, Bouguerra S, Lopes I, Marques CR, Rasteiro MG, Antunes F, Rocha-Santos T, Pereira R. Impact of organic nano-vesicles in soil: The case of sodium dodecyl sulphate/didodecyl dimethylammonium bromide. Sci Total Environ 2016; 547:413-421. [PMID: 26795542 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.12.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Aiming at contributing new insights into the effects of nanomaterials (NMs) in the terrestrial ecosystem, this study evaluated the impacts of organic nano-vesicles of sodium dodecyl sulphate/didodecyl dimethylammonium bromide (SDS/DDAB) on the emergence and growth of plant seeds, and on the avoidance and reproduction of soil invertebrates. For this purpose several ecotoxicological assays were performed with different test species (terrestrial plants: Zea mays, Avena sativa, Brassica oleracea and Lycopersicon esculentum; soil invertebrates: Eisenia andrei and Folsomia candida). A wide range of SDS/DDAB concentrations were tested, following standard protocols, and using the standard OECD soil as a test substrate (5% of organic matter). The aqueous suspensions of SDS/DDAB, used to spike the soils, were characterised by light scattering techniques for hydrodynamic size of the vesicles, aggregation index, polydispersity index, zeta potential and surface charge. The SDS/DDAB concentrations in the test soil were analysed by HPLC-UV at the end of the assays. Invertebrate species were revealed to be sensitive to nano-SDS/DDAB upon immediate exposure to freshly spiked soils. However, the degradation of SDS/DDAB nano-vesicles in the soil with time prevented the occurrence of significant reproduction effects on soil invertebrates. Plants were not particularly sensitive to SDS/DDAB, except B. oleracea (at concentrations above 375 mg kg(-1)dw). The results gathered in this study allowed a preliminary determination of a risk limit to nano-SDS/DDAB. The low toxicity of SDS/DDAB nano-vesicles could be explained by its high and fast degradation in the soil. The soil microbial community could have an important role in the fate of this NM, thus it is of remarkable importance to improve this risk limit by taking into account specific data addressing this community.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gavina
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Rua dos Bragas, n. 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
| | - S Bouguerra
- Laboratory of Water, Energy and Environment (3E), Engineering School of Sfax, University of Sfax, BPW 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - I Lopes
- Department of Biology & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - C R Marques
- Department of Biology & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M G Rasteiro
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre (CIEPQPF), University of Coimbra, 3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - F Antunes
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre (CIEPQPF), University of Coimbra, 3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - T Rocha-Santos
- Department of Chemistry & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - R Pereira
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Rua dos Bragas, n. 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
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Lopes I, Veiga ML, Braga AANM, Brasil CA, Hoffmann A, Barroso U. A two-day bladder diary for children: Is it enough? J Pediatr Urol 2015; 11:348.e1-4. [PMID: 26386888 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2015.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A bladder diary (BD) is a simple and non-invasive method of evaluating people with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Recently, the ICCS recommended a 48-h daytime frequency and volume chart (which does not need to be recorded on 2 consecutive days) to evaluate lower urinary tract (LUT) dysfunction. However, some studies on adults have demonstrated that a minimum of 3 days is required. It is believed that, to date, there are no studies in the literature that compare a 2-day BD with a 3-day BD. The advantages of a BD over a shorter period of time are the simplicity and possible better parent compliance. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate if a 2-day BD is statistically and clinically comparable to a 3-day BD. STUDY DESIGN A voiding diary was filled in over a 3-day period for 92 children (ages ranged from to 3-16 years, mean 7.9 ± 3.07) attending the present institution. By using the voiding diary, the following parameters were calculated: urination frequency, maximum and average volumes of urine (MVV and AVV) and fluid intake. The diary considered the 2 days as the first and second days of the 3-day diary. RESULTS Out of the 92 children, eight (8.7%) did not properly complete the diary. The sample predominantly comprised females (n = 55, 59.8%). No differences were seen between 2-day and 3-day bladder diaries regarding fluid intake, maximum and average voided volume. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of the 2-day bladder diary for detecting frequency were 83.4%, 91.7%, 80% and 93.2%, and for low bladder capacity they were 97.2%, 90.9%, 99% and 88%, respectively (Table). DISCUSSION In a 2006 document, the ICCS recommended that a bladder diary be kept for 3 days, but in new documentation (2014) there is a reference stating that 2 days are enough. Bladder capacity is an important parameter in evaluating LUTS. Using a 2-day BD, the data showed that only a small percentage of reduced bladder capacity diagnosis would be lost. CONCLUSION When using the 2-day diary, a 16% false negative rate for frequency should be expected. A 2-day bladder diary is sufficient to evaluate bladder capacity and fluid intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Lopes
- Center of Voiding Disorders in Children (CEDIMI), Bahiana School of Medicine, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - M L Veiga
- Center of Voiding Disorders in Children (CEDIMI), Bahiana School of Medicine, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - A A N M Braga
- Center of Voiding Disorders in Children (CEDIMI), Bahiana School of Medicine, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - C A Brasil
- Center of Voiding Disorders in Children (CEDIMI), Bahiana School of Medicine, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - A Hoffmann
- Center of Voiding Disorders in Children (CEDIMI), Bahiana School of Medicine, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - U Barroso
- Center of Voiding Disorders in Children (CEDIMI), Bahiana School of Medicine, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
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Venâncio C, Pereira R, Freitas A, Costa S, Lopes I. Evidences of salt stress on terrestrial fungi: The use of NaCl as a surrogate to predicted toxicity effects within scenarios of climate change. Toxicol Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.08.381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Fasola E, Ribeiro R, Lopes I. Microevolution due to pollution in amphibians: A review on the genetic erosion hypothesis. Environ Pollut 2015; 204:181-190. [PMID: 25969378 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The loss of genetic diversity, due to exposure to chemical contamination (genetic erosion), is a major threat to population viability. Genetic erosion is the loss of genetic variation: the loss of alleles determining the value of a specific trait or set of traits. Almost a third of the known amphibian species is considered to be endangered and a decrease of genetic variability can push them to the verge of extinction. This review indicates that loss of genetic variation due to chemical contamination has effects on: 1) fitness, 2) environmental plasticity, 3) co-tolerance mechanisms, 4) trade-off mechanisms, and 5) tolerance to pathogens in amphibian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Fasola
- Department of Biology & CESAM (Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar), University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - R Ribeiro
- CFE - Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - I Lopes
- Department of Biology & CESAM (Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar), University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Nogueira V, Lopes I, Rocha-Santos TAP, Rasteiro MG, Abrantes N, Gonçalves F, Soares AMVM, Duarte AC, Pereira R. Assessing the ecotoxicity of metal nano-oxides with potential for wastewater treatment. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2015; 22:13212-13224. [PMID: 25940480 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4581-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of nanotechnology and the increasing use of nanomaterials (NMs) raise concern about their fate and potential effects in the environment, especially for those that could be used for remediation purposes and that will be intentionally released to the environment. Despite the remarkable emerging literature addressing the biological effects of NMs to aquatic organisms, the existing information is still scarce and contradictory. Therefore, aimed at selecting NMs for the treatment of organic and inorganic effluents, we assessed the potential toxicity of NiO (100 and 10-20 nm), Fe2O3 (≈85 × 425 nm), and TiO2 (<25 nm), to a battery of aquatic organisms: Vibrio fischeri, Raphidocelis subcapitata, Lemna minor, Daphnia magna, Brachionus plicatilis, and Artemia salina. Also a mutagenic test was performed with two Salmonella typhimurium strains. Suspensions of each NM, prepared with the different test media, were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and eletrophoretic light scattering (ELS). For the assays with marine species, no toxicity was observed for all the compounds. In opposite, statistically significant effects were produced on all freshwater species, being D. magna the most sensitive organism. Based on the results of this study, the tested NMs can be classified in a decreasing order of toxicity NiO (100 nm) > NiO (10-20 nm) > TiO2 (<25 nm) > Fe2O3, allowing to infer that apparently Fe2O3 NMs seems to be the one with less risks for receiving aquatic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Nogueira
- CESAM (Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies), University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal,
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Pereira CS, Lopes I, Sousa JP, Chelinho S. Effects of NaCl and seawater induced salinity on survival and reproduction of three soil invertebrate species. Chemosphere 2015; 135:116-122. [PMID: 25930052 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.03.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The increase of global mean temperature is raising serious concerns worldwide due to its potential negative effects such as droughts and melting of glaciers and ice caps leading to sea level rise. Expected impacts on soil compartment include floodings, seawater intrusions and use of saltwater for irrigation, with unknown effects on soil ecosystems and their inhabitants. The present study aimed at evaluating the effects of salinisation on soil ecosystems due to sea level rise. The reproduction and mortality of three standard soil invertebrate species (Folsomia candida, Enchytraeus crypticus, Hypoaspis aculeifer) in standard artificial OECD soil spiked with serial dilutions of seawater/gradient of NaCl were evaluated according to standard guidelines. An increased sensitivity was observed in the following order: H. aculeifer≪E. crypticus≈F. candida consistent with the different exposure pathways: springtails and enchytraeids are exposed by ingestion and contact while mites are mainly exposed by ingestion due to a continuous and thick exoskeleton. Although small differences were observed in the calculated effect electrical conductivity values, seawater and NaCl induced the same overall effects (with a difference in the enchytraeid tests where a higher sensitivity was found in relation to NaCl). The adverse effects described in the present study are observed on soils not considered saline. Therefore, the actual limit to define saline soils (4000 μS cm(-1)) does not reflect the existing knowledge when considering soil fauna.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Pereira
- CFE - Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - I Lopes
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - J P Sousa
- CFE - Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - S Chelinho
- CFE - Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
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Nogueira V, Lopes I, Freitas AC, Rocha-Santos TAP, Gonçalves F, Duarte AC, Pereira R. Biological treatment with fungi of olive mill wastewater pre-treated by photocatalytic oxidation with nanomaterials. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2015; 115:234-242. [PMID: 25723133 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Olive mill wastewater (OMW) still is a major environmental problem due to its high chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total phenolic content (TPC), contributing for the high toxicity and recalcitrant nature. Several attempts have been made for developing more efficient treatment processes, but no chemical or biological approaches were found to be totally effective, especially in terms of toxicity reduction. In this context, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the treatability of OMW by the combination of photocatalytic oxidation, using two nanomaterials as catalysts (TiO2 and Fe2O3), with biological degradation by fungi (Pleurotus sajor caju and Phanerochaete chrysosporium). Photocatalytic oxidation was carried out using different systems, nano-TiO2/UV, nano-Fe2O3/UV, nano-TiO2/H2O2/UV and nano-Fe2O3/H2O2/UV. The effectiveness of the treatment was assessed through color (465nm), aromatics (270nm), COD and TPC reductions, as well as by the decrease in toxicity using the bacterium Vibrio fischeri. The chemical treatment with the system nano-TiO2/H2O2/UV promoted 43%, 14%, 38% and 31% reductions in color, aromatics content, COD and TPC, respectively. However no toxicity reduction was observed. The combination with a biological treatment increased the reduction of COD and TPC as well as a reduction in toxicity. The treatment with P. chrysosporium promoted the highest reduction in toxicity, but P. sajor caju was responsible for the best reduction in COD and TPC. However, the biological treatment was more effective when no hydrogen peroxide was used in the pre-treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Nogueira
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, P-3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM (Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies), University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - I Lopes
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, P-3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM (Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies), University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - A C Freitas
- CESAM (Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies), University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; ISEIT/Viseu, Instituto Piaget, Estrada do Alto do Gaio, Galifonge, Lordosa, 3515-776 Viseu, Portugal; Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, P-3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - T A P Rocha-Santos
- CESAM (Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies), University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, P-3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - F Gonçalves
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, P-3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM (Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies), University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - A C Duarte
- CESAM (Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies), University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, P-3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - R Pereira
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, P-4050-123 Porto, Portugal
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Lopes I, Mourato A, Abrantes J, Carvalhal G, Madruga M, Reis M. Quality control assurance of strontium-90 in foodstuffs by LSC. Appl Radiat Isot 2014; 93:29-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2014.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Revised: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Pinto N, Pimentel S, Lopes I, Barroso J. An unique case of temporalis muscle spasm during labour. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2014.03.1326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Rocha LS, Lopes I, Lopes CB, Henriques B, Soares AMVM, Duarte AC, Pereira E. Efficiency of a cleanup technology to remove mercury from natural waters by means of rice husk biowaste: ecotoxicological and chemical approach. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2014; 21:8146-8156. [PMID: 24671395 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-2753-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, the efficiency of rice husk to remove Hg(II) from river waters spiked with realistic environmental concentrations of this metal (μg L(-1) range) was evaluated. The residual levels of Hg(II) obtained after the remediation process were compared with the guideline values for effluents discharges and water for human consumption, and the ecotoxicological effects using organisms of different trophic levels were assessed. The rice husk sorbent proved to be useful in decreasing Hg(II) contamination in river waters, by reducing the levels of Hg(II) to values of ca. 8.0 and 34 μg L(-1), for an Hg(II) initial concentration of 50 and 500 μg L(-1), respectively. The remediation process with rice husk biowaste was extremely efficient in river waters spiked with lower levels of Hg(II), being able to eliminate the toxicity to the exposed organisms algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus and ensure the total survival of Daphnia magna species. For concentrations of Hg(II) tenfold higher (500 μg L(-1)), the remediation process was not adequate in the detoxification process, still, the rice husk material was able to reduce considerably the toxicity to the bacteria Vibrio fischeri, algae P. subcapitata and rotifer B. calyciflorus, whose responses where fully inhibited during its exposure to the non-remediated river water. The use of a battery of bioassays with organisms from different trophic levels and whose sensitivity revealed to be different and dependent on the levels of Hg(II) contamination proved to be much more accurate in predicting the ecotoxicological hazard assessment of the detoxification process by means of rice husk biowaste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana S Rocha
- Department of Chemistry/CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal,
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Galindo TPS, Pereira R, Freitas AC, Santos-Rocha TAP, Rasteiro MG, Antunes F, Rodrigues D, Soares AMVM, Gonçalves F, Duarte AC, Lopes I. Toxicity of organic and inorganic nanoparticles to four species of white-rot fungi. Sci Total Environ 2013; 458-460:290-297. [PMID: 23665417 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Revised: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 04/06/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of nanoparticles (NP) for industrial applications and large-volume manufacturing, with its subsequent release into the environment, raised the need to understand and characterize the potential effects of NP to biota. Accordingly, this work aimed to assess sublethal effects of five NP to the white-rot fungi species Trametes versicolor, Lentinus sajor caju, Pleurotus ostreatus, and Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Each species was exposed to serial dilutions of the following NP: organic-vesicles of SDS/DDAB and of Mo/NaO; gold-NP, quantum dot CdSe/ZnS, and Fe/Co. Fungi growth rate was monitored every day, and at the end of assay the mycelium from each replicate was collected to evaluate possible changes in its chemical composition. For all NP-suspensions the following parameters were characterized: hydrodynamic diameter, surface charge, aggregation index, zeta potential, and conductivity. All tested NP tended to aggregate when suspended in aqueous media. The obtained results showed that gold-NP, CdSe/ZnS, Mo/NaO, and SDS/DDAB significantly inhibited the growth of fungi with effects on the mycelium chemical composition. Among the tested NP, gold-NP and CdSe/ZnS were the ones exerting a higher effect on the four fungi. Finally to our knowledge, this is the first study reporting that different types of NP induce changes in the chemical composition of fungi mycelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- T P S Galindo
- CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Salvaterra T, Alves MG, Domingues I, Pereira R, Rasteiro MG, Carvalho RA, Soares AMVM, Lopes I. Biochemical and metabolic effects of a short-term exposure to nanoparticles of titanium silicate in tadpoles of Pelophylax perezi (Seoane). Aquat Toxicol 2013; 128-129:190-192. [PMID: 23314277 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2012.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Revised: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/16/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate sublethal effects of a short-term exposure (96 h) to titanium silicate nanoparticles (TiSiO(4)-NP) on Pelophylax perezi tadpoles. Tadpoles were exposed to five concentrations of TiSiO(4)-NP (8.2, 10.2, 12.8, 16 and 20 mg/L) plus a control. Effect criteria were: mortality, cholinesterases, glutathione S-transferases, lactate dehydrogenase, and catalase activities, and alanine and lactate contents. Light scattering was used for physical characterization of TiSiO(4)-NP suspensions, revealing a high aggregation state of the NP, consistent with low z-potential values (<30 mV). Mortality among TiSiO(4)-NP treatments was <11%. Significant differences relatively to the control were observed at the biochemical level (for CAT and LDH) and in lactate and alanine contents, which may end-up in increased oxidative stress. Overall, some of the monitored endpoints suggest metabolic alterations in TiSiO(4)-NP exposed tadpoles, highlighting the potential of TiSiO(4)-NP long-term effects on these organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Salvaterra
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
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Lopes I, Ribeiro R, Antunes FE, Rocha-Santos TAP, Rasteiro MG, Soares AMVM, Gonçalves F, Pereira R. Toxicity and genotoxicity of organic and inorganic nanoparticles to the bacteria Vibrio fischeri and Salmonella typhimurium. Ecotoxicology 2012; 21:637-648. [PMID: 22314390 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-011-0808-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The present work aimed at evaluating the toxicity and genotoxicity of two organic (vesicles composed of sodium dodecyl sulphate/didodecyl dimethylammonium bromide-SDS/DDAB and of monoolein and sodium oelate-Mo/NaO) and four inorganic (titanium oxide-TiO₂, silicon titanium-TiSiO₄, Lumidot-CdSe/ZnS, and gold nanorods) nanoparticles (NP), suspended in two aqueous media (Milli Q water and American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) hardwater), to the bacteria Vibrio fischeri (Microtox test) and Salmonella typhimurium-his⁻ (Ames test with strains TA98 and TA100). Aiming a better understanding of these biological responses physical and chemical characterization of the studied NP suspensions was carried out. Results denoted a high aggregation state of the NP in the aqueous suspensions, with the exception of SDS/DDAB and Mo/NaO vesicles, and of nanogold suspended in Milli Q water. This higher aggregation was consistent with the low values of zeta potential, revealing the instability of the suspensions. Regarding toxicity data, except for nano TiO₂, the tested NP significantly inhibited bioluminescence of V. fischeri. Genotoxic effects were only induced by SDS/DDAB and TiO₂ for the strain TA98. A wide range of toxicity responses was observed for the six tested NP, differing by more than 5 orders of magnitude, and suggesting different modes of action of the tested NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Lopes
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Pereira R, Rocha-Santos TAP, Antunes FE, Rasteiro MG, Ribeiro R, Gonçalves F, Soares AMVM, Lopes I. Screening evaluation of the ecotoxicity and genotoxicity of soils contaminated with organic and inorganic nanoparticles: the role of ageing. J Hazard Mater 2011; 194:345-354. [PMID: 21871729 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.07.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2011] [Revised: 06/26/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the toxicity and genotoxicity of soils, and corresponding elutriates, contaminated with aqueous suspensions of two organic (vesicles of sodium dodecyl sulphate/didodecyl dimethylammonium bromide and of monoolein and sodium oleate) and five inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) (TiO(2), TiSiO(4), CdSe/ZnS quantum dots, Fe/Co magnetic fluid and gold nanorods) to Vibrio fischeri and Salmonella typhimurium (TA98 and TA100 strains). Soil samples were tested 2h and 30 days after contamination. Suspensions of NPs were characterized by Dynamic Light Scattering. Soils were highly toxic to V. fischeri, especially after 2h. After 30 days toxicity was maintained only for soils spiked with suspensions of more stable NPs (zeta potential>30 mV or <-30 mV). Elutriates were particularly toxic after 2h, except for soil spiked with Fe/Co magnetic fluid, suggesting that ageing may have contributed for degrading the organic shell of these NPs, increasing the mobility of core elements and the toxicity of elutriates. TA98 was the most sensitive strain to the mutagenic potential of soil elutriates. Only elutriates from soils spiked with gold nanorods, quantum dots (QDs) and TiSiO(4) induced mutations in both strains of S. typhimurium, suggesting more diversified mechanisms of genotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Pereira
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Pina F, Figueiredo G, Lunet N, Botelho F, Lopes I, Couto R, Cruz F, Barros H. UP-02.193 Soluble Circulating Receptor Endoglin (ENG) in Patients with Different Prostate Biopsy Diagnosis. Urology 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2011.07.1011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Pina F, Lunet N, Botelho F, Lopes I, Dias M, Portugal R, Vendeira L, Reis M, Cruz F, Barros H. POD-02.05 Temporal Trends in Prostate Cancer: A 50-Year Period Database Analysis. Urology 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2011.07.406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Lopes I, Cruz R, Silva C, Silva J, Silva A, Ribau U, Tomada N, Figueiredo L, Dias E, Cruz F. UP-03.101 Outcome of Percutaneous Management of 118 Kidney Calculi: Staghorn Calculi Still a Challenge. Urology 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2011.07.1191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Rocha L, Rodrigues SM, Lopes I, Soares AMVM, Duarte AC, Pereira E. The water-soluble fraction of potentially toxic elements in contaminated soils: relationships between ecotoxicity, solubility and geochemical reactivity. Chemosphere 2011; 84:1495-1505. [PMID: 21546051 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2010] [Revised: 03/31/2011] [Accepted: 04/07/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
To better understand the impacts posed by soil contamination to aquatic ecosystems it is crucial to characterise the links between ecotoxicity, chemical availability and geochemical reactivity of potentially toxic elements (PTE's) in soils. We evaluated the adverse effects of water extracts obtained from soils contaminated by chemical industry and mining, using a test battery including organisms from different trophic levels (bacteria, algae and daphnids). These tests provided a quick assessment of the ecotoxicity of soils with respect to possible adverse effects on aquatic organisms although the ecotoxicological responses could be related to the solubility of PTE's only to a limited extent. The analysis of results of bioassays together with the chemical characterisation of water extracts provided additional relevant insight into the role of conductivity, pH, Al, Fe, and Mn of soil extracts on toxicity to organisms. Furthermore, an important conclusion of this study was that the toxicity of extracts to the aquatic organisms could also be related to the soil properties (pH, Org C and Fe(ox)) and to the reactivity of PTE's in soils which in fact control the soluble fraction of the contaminants. The combined assessment of ecotoxicity in water fractions, solubility and geochemical reactivity of PTE's in soils provided a more comprehensive understanding of the bioavailability of inorganic contaminants than ecotoxicological or chemical studies alone and can therefore be most useful for environmental risks assessment of contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Rocha
- Department of Chemistry/CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Saro L, Lopes I, Chastinet CBA, Cohin-de-Pinho SJ, Moreira-Santos M, da Silva EM, Ribeiro R. Potential re-colonisation by cladocerans of an acidic tropical pond. Chemosphere 2011; 82:1072-1079. [PMID: 21056452 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2010] [Revised: 10/02/2010] [Accepted: 10/11/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
To predict how re-colonisation of acidified lakes will proceed, at least two approaches are possible: (i) to compare the life history traits of candidate species and determine which one has the highest fitness, and (ii) to simulate a more realistic scenario carrying out experiments with the grouping of the candidate species, so that the intrinsic rate of natural increase of each species is integrated with its sensitivity to low pH and its ability to compete with the other candidate populations. The objective of the present study was to investigate the future re-colonisation of such acidified systems, taking as case-study a tropical pond (Lagoa das Dunas, Camaçari, BA, Brazil) and four species of cladocerans occurring in nearby water bodies (Ceriodaphniacornuta, Ceriodaphniasilvestrii, Latonopsisaustralis and Macrothrix elegans), by comparing the two above mentioned approaches. The second approach included two sets of in situ microcosms experiments, one simulating the re-colonisation by immigrating ephippia, thus using neonates of each species as colonisers, and another simulating the immigration of adults. Both these simulations followed nearly the same trends. The integration of the effects of a higher temperature, a different photoperiod and species competition determined differences in the species densities ranking between the two approaches: life history versus microcosms. The densities of C. cornuta in the microcosms matched the biphasic concentration/response hormetic model, in the simultaneous presence of two increasingly intense stressors (interspecific competition and acidity), with a low-dose stimulation and a high-dose inhibition. The present study provided, thus, a further support to the acceptance of hormesis in ecotoxicology, also at the population level in multispecies experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Saro
- Instituto do Mar, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal
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Tarrío D, Tassan-Got L, Audouin L, Berthier B, Duran I, Ferrant L, Isaev S, Le Naour C, Paradela C, Stephan C, Trubert D, Abbondanno U, Aerts G, Álvarez H, Álvarez-Velarde F, Andriamonje S, Andrzejewski J, Assimakopoulos P, Badurek G, Baumann P, Becvár F, Berthoumieux E, Calviño F, Calviani M, Cano-Ott D, Capote R, Carrapiço C, Cennini P, Chepel V, Chiaveri E, Colonna N, Cortes G, Couture A, Cox J, Dahlfors M, David S, Dillmann I, Domingo-Pardo C, Dridi W, Eleftheriadis C, Embid-Segura M, Ferrari A, Ferreira-Marques R, Fujii K, Furman W, Gonçalves I, González-Romero E, Gramegna F, Guerrero C, Gunsig F, Haas B, Haight R, Heil M, Herrera-Martinez A, Igashira M, Jericha E, Kadi Y, Käppeler F, Karadimos D, Karamanis D, Kerveno M, Koehler P, Kossionides E, Krticka M, Lampoudis C, Leeb H, Lindote A, Lopes I, Lozano M, Lukic S, Marganiec J, Marrone S, Martínez T, Massimi C, Mastinu P, Mengoni A, Milazzo P, Moreau C, Mosconi M, Neves F, Oberhummer H, O’Brien S, Oshima M, Pancin J, Papachristodoulou C, Papadopoulos C, Patronis N, Pavlik A, Pavlopoulos P, Perrot L, Pigni M, Plag R, Plompen A, Plukis A, Poch A, Praena J, Pretel C, Quesada J, Rauscher T, Reifarth R, Rubbia C, Rudolf G, Rullhusen P, Salgado J, Santos C, Sarchiapone L, Savvidis I, Tagliente G, Tain J, Tavora L, Terlizzi R, Vannini G, Vaz P, Ventura A, Villamarin D, Vicente M, Vlachoudis V, Vlastou R, Voss F, Walter S, Wiescher M, Wisshak K. Measurements of high-energy neutron-induced fission ofnatPb and209Bi. EPJ Web of Conferences 2010. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20100807009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Colonna N, Abbondanno U, Aerts G, Álvarez H, Álvarez-Velarde F, Andriamonje S, Andrzejewski J, Assimakopoulos P, Audouin L, Badurek G, Baumann P, Becvar F, Berthoumieux E, Calviani M, Calviño F, Cano-Ott D, Capote R, Carrillo de Albornoz A, Cennini P, Chepel V, Chiaveri E, Cortes G, Couture A, Cox J, Dahlfors M, David S, Dillman I, Dolfini R, Domingo-Pardo C, Dridi W, Duran I, Eleftheriadis C, Ferrant L, Ferrari A, Ferreira-Marques R, Frais-Koelbl H, Fujii K, Furman W, Goncalves I, González-Romero E, Goverdovski A, Gramegna F, Griesmayer E, Guerrero C, Gunsing F, Haas B, Haight R, Heil M, Herrera-Martinez A, Igashira M, Isaev S, Jericha E, Käppeler F, Kadi Y, Karadimos D, Karamanis D, Kerveno M, Ketlerov V, Koehler P, Konovalov V, Kossionides E, Krticka M, Lampoudis C, Leeb H, Lindote A, Lopes I, Lozano M, Lukic S, Marganiec J, Marques L, Marrone S, Martínez T, Massimi C, Mastinu P, Mengoni A, Milazzo P, Moreau C, Mosconi M, Neves F, Oberhummer H, O’Brien S, Oshima M, Pancin J, Papachristodoulou C, Papadopoulos C, Paradela C, Patronis N, Pavlik A, Pavlopoulos P, Perrot L, Pigni M, Plag R, Plompen A, Plukis A, Poch A, Pretel C, Quesada J, Rauscher T, Reifarth R, Rosetti M, Rubbia C, Rudolf G, Rullhusen P, Salgado J, Sarchiapone L, Savvidis I, Stephan C, Tagliente G, Tain J, Tassan-Got L, Tavora L, Terlizzi R, Vannini G, Vaz P, Ventura A, Villamarin D, Vicente M, Vlachoudis V, Vlastou R, Voss F, Walter S, Wendler H, Wiescher M, Wisshak K. Neutron cross-sections for next generation reactors: New data from n_TOF. Appl Radiat Isot 2010; 68:643-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2010.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Rosa R, Moreira-Santos M, Lopes I, Silva L, Rebola J, Mendonça E, Picado A, Ribeiro R. Comparison of a test battery for assessing the toxicity of a bleached-kraft pulp mill effluent before and after secondary treatment implementation. Environ Monit Assess 2010; 161:439-451. [PMID: 19242815 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-009-0759-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2008] [Accepted: 01/27/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Pulp and paper mill effluents may cause harmful effects to the aquatic environment due to the combined influence of physical factors, toxic compounds, and nutrient enrichment. In the present study, the effectiveness of secondary treatment in reducing the toxicity of an elemental chlorine-free bleached-kraft pulp mill effluent was evaluated. To characterize the toxicity of the effluent, before and after the implementation of secondary treatment, a battery of tests with organisms bearing different functions at the ecosystem level was used, namely Vibrio fischeri (5-min luminescence), Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (72-h growth), Lemna minor (7-day growth), Daphnia magna (21-day reproduction and 24-h postexposure feeding), Chironomus riparius (9-day growth), and Danio rerio (28-day growth). For the effluent sample collected before the implementation of secondary treatment, P. subcapitata was the most sensitive organism followed by V. fischeri and D. magna, and no toxic effects were observed toward the other organisms. For the effluent sample collected after the implementation of secondary treatment, the effluent caused no toxic effects on any of the tested species. The present results demonstrated not only that secondary treatment efficaciously reduced effluent toxicity toward the selected test organisms but also the usefulness of a battery of tests to characterize the toxicity of pulp mill effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rosa
- Instituto do Mar, Department of Zoology, University of Coimbra, Largo Marquês de Pombal, 3004-517, Coimbra, Portugal
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