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Escudero-Jiménez A, Martínez-Serrano M, Sáez-Nieto JA, Crespo-Sánchez MD. [Spontaneous peritonitis by Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus]. Rev Esp Quimioter 2017; 30:131-133. [PMID: 28205430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Escudero-Jiménez
- Ángel Escudero Jiménez, Servicio de Microbiología y Parasitología. Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete. C/ Hermanos Falcó, 37; CP. 02006 Albacete, Spain.
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2
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Bartolomé-Álvarez J, Sáez-Nieto JA, Escudero-Jiménez A, Barba-Rodríguez N, Galán-Ros J, Carrasco G, Muñoz-Izquierdo MP. Cutaneous abscess due to Gordonia bronchialis: case report and literature review. Rev Esp Quimioter 2016; 29:170-173. [PMID: 27015823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Bartolomé-Álvarez
- Joaquín Bartolomé-Álvarez, Servicio de Microbiología. Hospital General Universitario de Albacete. C/ Hermanos Falcó, 37; 02006 Albacete, Spain.
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3
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Blanco A, Girón RM, Sáez-Nieto JA, Alarcón T. [Bordetella petrii chronic colonization. First case in Spain]. Rev Esp Quimioter 2016; 29:167-169. [PMID: 27188224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Blanco
- Ana Blanco Suárez, Servicio de Microbiología y Parasitología Hospital Universitario La Princesa, C/Diego de León, 62, CP. 28006, Madrid, Spain
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4
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Fernández-Natal MI, Sáez-Nieto JA, Medina-Pascual MJ, Valdezate-Ramos S, Guerra-Laso JM, Rodríguez-Pollán RH, Soriano F. First report of bacteremia by Janibacter terrae in humans. Infection 2014; 43:103-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s15010-014-0672-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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5
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García-San Miguel L, Sáez-Nieto JA, Medina MJ, López Hernández S, Sánchez-Romero I, Ganga B, Asensio Á. Contamination of liquid soap for hospital use with Raoultella planticola. J Hosp Infect 2014; 86:219-20. [PMID: 24559578 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2013.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This article reports the contamination of a batch of liquid soap for hospital use with Raoultella planticola. The micro-organism was first identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae due to the inability of automated systems to characterize this species. There is a need to strengthen the inspection of cosmetic products to be used in the hospital setting. It is recommended that hospitalized patients at the highest risk of infection should use antimicrobial soaps for personal hygiene. The incidence of infections due to R. planticola is unknown as it is usually misclassified as Klebsiella spp. by automated systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- L García-San Miguel
- Preventive Medicine Department, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - J A Sáez-Nieto
- Bacteriology Department, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, ISCIII, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - M J Medina
- Bacteriology Department, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, ISCIII, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - S López Hernández
- Laboratory of Microbiological Control Biological Products and Biotechnology Division, Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios, Madrid, Spain
| | - I Sánchez-Romero
- Microbiology Department, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - B Ganga
- Preventive Medicine Department, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Á Asensio
- Preventive Medicine Department, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
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6
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Fernández-Natal I, Sáez-Nieto JA, Medina-Pascual MJ, Albersmeier A, Valdezate S, Guerra-Laso JM, Rodríguez H, Marrodán T, Parras T, Tauch A, Soriano F. Dermabacter hominis: a usually daptomycin-resistant gram-positive organism infrequently isolated from human clinical samples. New Microbes New Infect 2013; 1:35-40. [PMID: 25356327 PMCID: PMC4184692 DOI: 10.1002/2052-2975.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2013] [Revised: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
During a 12-year period, Dermabacter hominis was isolated from 21 clinical samples belonging to 14 patients attending a tertiary hospital in León, Spain. Samples included blood cultures (14), peritoneal dialysis catheter exit sites (three), cutaneous abscesses (two), an infected vascular catheter (one) and a wound swab (one). Identification was made by API Coryne™ V2.0, Biolog™ GP2 and 16S rRNA gene amplification. Six febrile patients had positive blood cultures (one, two or three sets) and all of them were treated with teicoplanin (two patients), vancomycin, ampicillin plus gentamicin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and ciprofloxacin (one each). An additional patient with a single positive blood culture was not treated, the finding being considered non-significant. In the remaining seven patients the organism was isolated from a single specimen and three of them received antimicrobial treatment (ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone plus vancomycin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid). At least ten patients had several underlying diseases and conditions, and no direct mortality was observed in relation to the isolated organism. All isolates were susceptible to vancomycin, rifampin and linezolid. Resistance to other antibiotics varied: erythromycin (100%), clindamycin (78.5%), ciprofloxacin (21.4%) and gentamicin, quinupristin-dalfopristin, benzylpenicillin and imipenem 7.1% each. Thirteen isolates were highly resistant to daptomycin with MICs ranging from 8 to 48 (MIC90 = 32 mg/L); only one was daptomycin-sensitive (MIC = 0.19 mg/L).
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Affiliation(s)
- I Fernández-Natal
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León
| | - J A Sáez-Nieto
- Service of Bacteriology, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid, Spain
| | - M J Medina-Pascual
- Service of Bacteriology, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid, Spain
| | - A Albersmeier
- Institut für Genomforschung, CeBiTec, Universität BielefeldBielefeld, Germany
| | - S Valdezate
- Service of Bacteriology, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid, Spain
| | - J M Guerra-Laso
- Institut für Genomforschung, CeBiTec, Universität BielefeldBielefeld, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de LeónSpain
| | - H Rodríguez
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León
| | - T Marrodán
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León
| | - T Parras
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León
| | - A Tauch
- Institut für Genomforschung, CeBiTec, Universität BielefeldBielefeld, Germany
| | - F Soriano
- Public Health, School of Physiotherapy ONCEMadrid, Spain
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7
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Tena D, Solís S, Lainez S, Torralba M, Chacón P, Valdezate S, Sáez-Nieto JA, Bisquert J. Meningitis caused by Abiotrophia defectiva: case report and literature review. Infection 2012; 41:571-4. [PMID: 22915347 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-012-0318-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2012] [Accepted: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The genus Abiotrophia comprises fastidious Gram-positive bacteria previously classified as nutritionally variant streptococci (NVS). The isolation of NVS from the central nervous system (CNS) is very rare. We describe a case of meningitis due to Abiotrophia defectiva in a patient who underwent a total hip arthroplasty 4 days previously. It is possible that the organism could be introduced through the spinal anesthesia. We also review all cases of CNS infections caused by NVS.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Tena
- Sección de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara, C/. Donantes de sangre s/n., 19002, Guadalajara, Spain.
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8
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Escudero R, Elía M, Sáez-Nieto JA, Menéndez V, Toledo A, Royo G, Rodríguez-Vargas M, Whipp MJ, Gil H, Jado I, Anda P. A possible novel Francisella genomic species isolated from blood and urine of a patient with severe illness. Clin Microbiol Infect 2009; 16:1026-30. [PMID: 19709068 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2009.03029.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two identical isolates were recovered in pure culture from the blood and urine of a patient suffering from severe septicaemia associated with obstructive pyelonephritis secondary to lithotripsy. Preliminary phenotypic and genotypic characterizations based on serological, biochemical and sequence analyses following PCR amplification of selected gene regions indicate that this organism represents a potential new Francisella genomic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Escudero
- Laboratorio de Espiroquetas y Patógenos Especiales, Servicio de Bacteriología, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
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9
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Fernández-Natal MI, Sáez-Nieto JA, Valdezate S, Rodríguez-Pollán RH, Lapeña S, Cachón F, Soriano F. Isolation of Corynebacterium ureicelerivorans from normally sterile sites in humans. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2008; 28:677-81. [PMID: 19089476 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-008-0677-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2008] [Accepted: 10/25/2008] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Fifteen Corynebacterium ureicelerivorans isolates were recovered in pure culture from six patients during a five-year period. Five patients had bacteremia and the other was an infection of ascitic fluid. The API Coryne numerical profile obtained corresponds to the profile for C. bovis, while Biolog GP2 identified four out of the six isolates as C. jeikeium. The organisms were molecular identified by 16S rDNA and rpoB. The present report also includes information on new phenotypic tests and, for the first time, antimicrobial susceptibility data of C. ureicelerivorans and their rpoB sequences. All macrolide-resistant isolates presented a constitutive MLS phenotype. This organism must be differentiated from other slow-growing, lipophilic, and urea-splitting corynebacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Fernández-Natal
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Complejo Asistencial de León, Sacyl, Altos de Nava s/n, 24071, León, Spain.
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Fernández-Natal MI, Sáez-Nieto JA, Fernández-Roblas R, Asencio M, Valdezate S, Lapeña S, Rodríguez-Pollán RH, Guerra JM, Blanco J, Cachón F, Soriano F. The isolation of Corynebacterium coyleae from clinical samples: clinical and microbiological data. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2007; 27:177-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s10096-007-0414-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2007] [Accepted: 10/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Tena D, Carranza R, Barberá JR, Valdezate S, Garrancho JM, Arranz M, Sáez-Nieto JA. Outbreak of long-term intravascular catheter-related bacteremia due to Achromobacter xylosoxidans subspecies xylosoxidans in a hemodialysis unit. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2006; 24:727-32. [PMID: 16283217 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-005-0028-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Achromobacter xylosoxidans is a rare cause of bacteremia. Over a 2-week period, A. xylosoxidans subsp. xylosoxidans was isolated from blood cultures of four hemodialysis patients with long-term intravascular catheters. A culture from one atomizer that contained diluted 2.5% chlorhexidine, which had been used to disinfect the skin, yielded A. xylosoxidans subsp. xylosoxidans. No further cases were diagnosed once the use of this atomizer was discontinued. Five outbreak-related strains from the four patients and the atomizer were tested by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) under XbaI restriction. The isolates from the first three patients and the atomizer had identical PFGE patterns, confirming the atomizer as the source of the outbreak. The strain isolated from the fourth patient had six more bands than the outbreak strain and was considered possibly related to the outbreak strain. All patients were treated with intravenous levofloxacin. The catheter was removed in only one patient. The three patients in whom the catheter was left in place were also treated with antibiotic lock therapy with levofloxacin. All four patients were cured. This is believed to be the first reported outbreak of central venous catheter-related bacteremia due to A. xylosoxidans and the second reported outbreak with this organism associated with chlorhexidine atomizers. The use of diluted chlorhexidine via atomizers can be dangerous for the care of venous catheters and should be called into question. Patients with long-term intravascular catheter-related bacteremia due to this organism can be treated successfully with systemic antimicrobial therapy in addition to antibiotic lock therapy without catheter removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Tena
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Hospital General La Mancha Centro, Avenida de la Constitución no. 3, 13600 Alcázar de San Juan, Ciudad Real, Spain.
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Mazón A, Gil-Setas A, Sota de la Gándara LJ, Vindel A, Sáez-Nieto JA. Transmission of Streptococcus pyogenes causing successive infections in a family. Clin Microbiol Infect 2003; 9:554-9. [PMID: 12848734 DOI: 10.1046/j.1469-0691.2003.00567.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the characteristics of Streptococcus pyogenes isolated during a 10-month period from members of a family with infections and asymptomatic carriage. T-serotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis confirmed that distinct GAS clones were introduced into the family over a short period of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mazón
- Laboratorio de Microbiología, Ambulatorio General Solchaga, Pamplona, Spain
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13
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Barquet N, Domingo P, Caylà JA, González J, Rodrigo C, Fernández-Viladrich P, Moraga-Llop FA, Marco F, Vázquez J, Sáez-Nieto JA, Casal J, Canela J, Foz M. Meningococcal disease in a large urban population (Barcelona, 1987-1992): predictors of dismal prognosis. Barcelona Meningococcal Disease Surveillance Group. Arch Intern Med 1999; 159:2329-40. [PMID: 10547173 DOI: 10.1001/archinte.159.19.2329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Studies on meningococcal disease in large urban communities have rarely been performed and are usually based on passive epidemiologic surveillance. Active surveillance may provide new insights. OBJECTIVES To determine epidemiologic, clinical, and bacteriological characteristics and predictors of dismal prognosis (death and sequelae) in meningococcal disease. DESIGN Prospective, population-based study. SETTING All the acute care hospitals (n = 24) in Barcelona, Spain. PATIENT The 643 patients whose conditions were diagnosed from 1987 through 1992 were detected by 2 active surveillance methods. OUTCOME MEASURES Incidence and notification to Public Health Service. Clinical and bacteriological features were determined. Dismal prognosis predictors were determined by logistic regression. RESULTS Average annual incidence was 6.41 per 100,000 inhabitants, with no clear trend of change (P = .08). Sensitivity of the Public Health Service surveillance system was 69.1%. Children younger than 10 years from the inner city were at higher risk than those from the highest income district (relative risk, 3.00; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.84-5.06). Increasing annual incidence of serogroup C (0.82-1.29/100,000; P = .008) and decreasing incidence of serogroup B (5.11-2.82/100,000; P = .004) was noted. Average annual mortality was 0.40 per 100,000 inhabitants, while the annual average potential years of life lost was 18 per 100,000 inhabitants. Overall case-fatality rate was 6.4%. Independent predictors of death were hemorrhagic diathesis (odds ratio [OR], 63; 95% CI, 21-194), focal neurologic signs (OR, 10; 95% CI, 3-30), and age 60 years or older (OR, 6; 95% CI, 2-17), whereas preadmission antibiotic therapy was associated with favorable outcome (OR, 0.07; 95% CI, 0.02-0.3). Four percent of survivors presented with sequelae. Independent predictors of sequelae were hemorrhagic diathesis (OR, 21; 95% CI, 3-131), focal neurologic signs (OR, 16; 95% CI, 5-53), age 60 years or older (OR, 7; 95% CI, 2-26), and age between 15 and 59 years (OR, 5; 95% CI, 2-14), whereas preadmission antibiotic therapy had a protective effect (OR, 0.2; 95% CI, 0.04-0.5). CONCLUSIONS Active epidemiologic surveillance significantly improved detection of cases and allowed us to observe that meningococcal disease still causes much morbidity and mortality, especially among children living in the inner city. Hemorrhagic diathesis, focal neurologic signs, and age were independent predictors of dismal prognosis, whereas preadmission antibiotic therapy had a protective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Barquet
- CAP Gràcia, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain.
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Sáez-Nieto JA, Vázquez JA. In vitro activities of ketolides HMR 3647 [correction of HRM 3647] and HMR 3004 [correction of HRM 3004], levofloxacin, and other quinolones and macrolides against Neisseria spp. and Moraxella catarrhalis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1999; 43:983-4. [PMID: 10103218 PMCID: PMC89244 DOI: 10.1128/aac.43.4.983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro activities of the ketolides HMR 3647 [corrected] and HMR 3004 [corrected] against pathogenic Neisseria gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis, saprophytic Neisseria isolates, and Moraxella catarrhalis were determined. The comparison of ketolide activities with those of the other macrolides shows a much better activity in the majority of species, with macrolide MICs at which 90% of the isolates are inhibited between 8- and 10-fold higher.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Sáez-Nieto
- Servicio de Bacteriología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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15
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Barquet N, Domingo P, Caylà JA, González J, Rodrigo C, Fernández-Viladrich P, Moraga-Llop FA, Marco F, Vázquez J, Sáez-Nieto JA, Casal J, Canela J, Foz M. Prognostic factors in meningococcal disease. Development of a bedside predictive model and scoring system. Barcelona Meningococcal Disease Surveillance Group. JAMA 1997; 278:491-6. [PMID: 9256224 DOI: 10.1001/jama.278.6.491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Meningococcal disease is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Development of a prognostic model based on clinical findings may be useful for identification and management of patients with meningococcal infection. OBJECTIVES To construct and validate a bedside model and scoring system for prognosis in meningococcal disease. DESIGN Prospective, population-based study. SETTING Twenty-four hospitals in the metropolitan area of Barcelona, Spain. PATIENTS A total of 907 patients with microbiologically proven meningococcal disease. Patients diagnosed with meningococcal disease from 1987 through 1990 were used to develop the prognostic model, and those diagnosed in 1991 and 1992 were used to validate it. OUTCOME MEASURES Clinical independent prognostic factors for mortality in meningococcal disease. The association between outcome and independent prognostic factors was determined by logistic regression analysis. A scoring system was constructed and tested using receiver operating characteristic curves. RESULTS Among 624 patients in the derivation set, 287 (46%) were male, the mean age was 12.4 years, and 34 patients (5.4%) died. Among 283 patients in the validation set, 124 (43.8%) were male, the mean age was 12.7 years, and 17 patients (6.0%) died. In multivariate analysis, independent predictors of death were hemorrhagic diathesis (odds ratio [OR], 101; 95% confidence interval [CI], 30-333), focal neurologic signs (OR, 25; 95% CI, 7-83), and age 60 years or older (OR, 10; 95% CI, 3-34), whereas receipt of adequate antibiotic therapy prior to admission was associated with reduced likelihood of death (OR, 0.09; 95% CI, 0.02-0.4). Hemorrhagic diathesis was scored with 2 points, presence of focal neurologic signs with 1 point, age of 60 years or older with 1 point, and preadmission antibiotic therapy was scored as -1. The clinical scores of -1, 0, 1, 2, and 3 or more points were associated with a probability of death of 0%, 2.3%, 27.3%, 73.3%, and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Hemorrhagic diathesis, focal neurologic signs, and age of 60 years or older were independent predictors of death in meningococcal disease, whereas receipt of adequate antibiotic therapy was associated with a more favorable prognosis. The scoring system presented is simple, is based on findings readily available at the bedside, and may be useful to help guide aggressive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Barquet
- CAP Gràcia, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain.
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16
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Boquete T, Vindel A, Martin-Bourgon C, Azañedo L, Sáez-Nieto JA. Epidemiological markers of Serratia marcescens isolates causing nosocomial infections in Spain (1981-1991). Microbiologia 1996; 12:607-12. [PMID: 9018695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The distribution of epidemiological markers (serotyping and phage-typing) of Serratia marcescens isolates from nosocomial episodes (63 nosocomial cutbreaks with 475 isolates, and 1208 sporadic cases) received in our laboratory during the period 1981-1991 was studied. The records for 1683 isolates from Spanish hospitals have been analyzed. In relation with the sporadic cases, the predominant types were serotype O6 (13.4%) and serotype O14 (11.4%); polyagglutinable strains accounted for 15.6%; in outbreaks, type O14 is clearly predominant (27.4%). Phage-typing was a good secondary marker, with a 87.9% of typability; the number of lytic patterns was very high, extended patterns (six or more phages) being the most frequent. We have studied the characteristics of S. marcescens isolates causing infections in the nosocomial environment in Spain.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Boquete
- Servicio de Bacteriología, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Madrid, España
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17
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Vindel A, Sáez-Nieto JA. [Characterization using phage typing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains causing outbreaks]. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 1992; 10 Suppl 3:36-8. [PMID: 1477125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Vindel
- Servicio de Bacteriología, Virología e Inmunología Sanitarias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid
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18
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Sáez-Nieto JA, Lujan R, Berrón S, Campos J, Viñas M, Fusté C, Vazquez JA, Zhang QY, Bowler LD, Martinez-Suarez JV. Epidemiology and molecular basis of penicillin-resistant Neisseria meningitidis in Spain: a 5-year history (1985-1989). Clin Infect Dis 1992; 14:394-402. [PMID: 1554823 DOI: 10.1093/clinids/14.2.394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Penicillin-resistant (penr) clinical isolates of Neisseria meningitidis, which do not produce beta-lactamase, were first identified in Spain in 1985; the frequency of their recovery, which has been increasing in the past few years, reached 20% in 1989. Serogrouping, determination of serotypes and subtypes, and multilocus enzyme electrophoresis of the penr strains showed an extensive diversity. Resistance is due, at least in part, to a decreased affinity of penicillin-binding protein (PBP) 2 for penicillin. Similar low-affinity forms of PBP 2 are also found in penr isolates of Neisseria lactamica, Neisseria polysaccharea, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Genetic transformation of an N. meningitidis type strain to low-level penicillin resistance with DNA from resistant meningococci and other Neisseria species resulted in transformants that possessed low-affinity forms of PBP 2. These altered forms of PBP 2 have been shown to arise from recombinational events that replace parts of the PBP 2 gene with the corresponding regions from the PBP 2 genes of commensal Neisseria species.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Sáez-Nieto
- Laboratorio de Referencia de Meningococos, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Madrid, Spain
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Luján R, Echeita A, Usera MA, Martínez-Suárez JV, Alonso R, Sáez-Nieto JA. Plasmid profiles as an epidemiological marker for Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis foodborne outbreaks. Microbiologia 1990; 6:45-50. [PMID: 2206470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of enteritidis serotype of Salmonella enterica in salmonellae infections has steadily increased in Spain from 27.1% in 1982 up to 63.4% in 1987. Given this high incidence, we have studied the plasmid profiles of Enteritidis isolates to subclassify them. Different profiles were observed in 50 isolates. In 13 Enteritidis serotype outbreaks, up to 5 different plasmid profiles were found. Each outbreak correlated with a single plasmid profile except in one case where plasmids of two different profiles were observed in strains from the same outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Luján
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Virología e Inmunología Sanitarias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid
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Martín-de-Nicolás MM, Vindel A, Sáez-Nieto JA. Development of a new set of phages as an epidemiological marker in Staphylococcus epidermidis causing nosocomial infections. Epidemiol Infect 1990; 104:111-8. [PMID: 2137784 PMCID: PMC2271726 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268800054583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the isolation of a new set of phages for typing Staphylococcus epidermidis. One hundred and eighty-two phages were obtained from S. epidermidis strains of human origin. Twelve phages were selected according to their potency and their lytic activity studied. Twenty phages of the Dean and Williams' set were also studied. Phage-typing was undertaken at 100 x RTD, 1000 x RTD and after heat treatment at 48 degrees C. When the two sets of phages were compared separately similar figures were obtained. When the two typing sets were combined, the percentage of typability for the 182 bacterial strains increased to 29.1% using 1000 x RTD and to 75.3% after heat treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Martín-de-Nicolás
- Laboratorio de Referencia de fagotipia de Staphylococcus aureus, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Virología e Inmunología, Madrid, Spain
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Mendelman PM, Campos J, Chaffin DO, Serfass DA, Smith AL, Sáez-Nieto JA. Relative penicillin G resistance in Neisseria meningitidis and reduced affinity of penicillin-binding protein 3. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1988; 32:706-9. [PMID: 3134848 PMCID: PMC172256 DOI: 10.1128/aac.32.5.706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined clinical isolates of Neisseria meningitidis relatively resistant to penicillin G (mean MIC, 0.3 micrograms/ml; range, 0.1 to 0.7 micrograms/ml), which were isolated from blood and cerebrospinal fluid for resistance mechanisms, by using susceptible isolates (mean MIC, less than or equal to 0.06 micrograms/ml) for comparison. The resistant strains did not produce detectable beta-lactamase activity, otherwise modify penicillin G, or bind less total penicillin. Penicillin-binding protein (PBP) 3 of the six resistant isolates tested uniformly bound less penicillin G in comparison to the same PBP of four susceptible isolates. Reflecting the reduced binding affinity of PBP 3 of the two resistant strains tested, the amount of 3H-labeled penicillin G required for half-maximal binding was increased in comparison with that of PBP 3 of the two susceptible isolates. We conclude that the mechanism of resistance in these meningococci relatively resistant to penicillin G was decreased affinity of PBP 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Mendelman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle 98105
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Sáez-Nieto JA, Fontanals D, Garcia de Jalon J, Martinez de Artola V, Peña P, Morera MA, Verdaguer R, Sanfeliu I, Belio-Blasco C, Perez-Saenz JL. Isolation of Neisseria meningitidis strains with increase of penicillin minimal inhibitory concentrations. Epidemiol Infect 1987; 99:463-9. [PMID: 3119361 PMCID: PMC2249299 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268800067960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the isolation and characterization of ten strains showing an increase in the minimal inhibitory concentrations to penicillin (MICs greater than 0.1 microgram/ml), and describe the epidemiological, clinical and microbiological features. The susceptibility of 3432 meningococcal strains isolated from patients in the recent epidemic wave (1978-86) in Spain, to several antimicrobial agents used in the treatment and chemoprophylaxis of meningococcal infection has been tested. Most were resistant to sulphadiazine but sensitive to other antibiotics. The possible existence of a new pattern of behaviour of meningococcal to penicillin is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Sáez-Nieto
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Virologia e Immunologia Sanitarias, Majadahonda, Madrid
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Campos J, Mendelman PM, Sako MU, Chaffin DO, Smith AL, Sáez-Nieto JA. Detection of relatively penicillin G-resistant Neisseria meningitidis by disk susceptibility testing. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1987; 31:1478-82. [PMID: 3124729 PMCID: PMC174975 DOI: 10.1128/aac.31.10.1478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Beginning in 1985, relatively penicillin G-resistant (Penr) meningococci which did not produce beta-lactamase were isolated from the blood and cerebrospinal fluid of patients in Spain. We identified 16 Penr (mean MIC, 0.3 microgram/ml; range, 0.1 to 0.7 microgram/ml) and 12 penicillin-susceptible (Pens; mean MIC, less than or equal to 0.06 microgram/ml) strains of Neisseria meningitidis by the agar dilution technique using an inoculum of 10(4) CFU and questioned which disk susceptibility test would best differentiate these two populations. We compared the disk susceptibility of these strains using disks containing 2 (P2) and 10 (P10) U of penicillin G, 2 (Am2) and 10 (Am10) micrograms of ampicillin, and 1 microgram of oxacillin (OX1). We also investigated susceptibility with disks containing 30 micrograms of each of cephalothin (CF30), cefoxitin (FOX30), cefuroxime (CXM30), and cefotaxime (CTX30) and 75 micrograms of cefoperazone (CFP75) and determined by cluster analysis any correlation with the zone diameters obtained with P2 disks. Using the P2 and AM2 disks (in contrast to the P10 and AM10 disks), we correctly differentiated all the Penr from Pens isolates. In addition, the zone diameters with the P2 disk gave the best correlation with the penicillin G MIC determinations. All 16 Penr strains and 3 of 12 Pens strains showed zone diameters of 6 mm around OX1 disks, limiting the usefulness of OX1 disks. The zone diameters obtained with CF30, CXM30, and OX1 disks correlated with those obtained with the P2 disk, which suggests that these antibiotics have similar effects on these strains. In contrast, the data obtained with FOX30, CTX30, and CFP75 disks did not cluster with those obtained with the P2 disk, which suggests that there was a difference in the bacterial target or reflects their greater activity. We conclude that the P2 disk tests more readily identify Penr meningococci than do the standard P10 disk tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Campos
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Infantil San Juan de Dios, Barcelona, Spain
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Boquete MT, Marcos C, Sáez-Nieto JA. Characterization of Neisseria polysacchareae sp. nov. (Riou, 1983) in previously identified noncapsular strains of Neisseria meningitidis. J Clin Microbiol 1986; 23:973-5. [PMID: 3086373 PMCID: PMC268766 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.23.5.973-975.1986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A study of 216 noncapsular strains of Neisseria meningitidis isolated from patients and carriers received in the Meningococcus Reference Laboratory between 1978 and 1984 is reported. The characterization of the strains consisted of biochemical tests for the following characteristics used for the differentiation of Neisseria species: oxidase, catalase, and beta-galactosidase activities; sugar degradation; nitrate and nitrite reduction; DNase activity; polysaccharide production with 5% sucrose; aminopeptidase activity; and growth in Thayer-Martin and Catlin media. Of the strains studied, 50 showed characteristics of a new taxon recently described (Neisseria polysacchareae). Characteristics that differentiated these strains from meningococcal isolates were polysaccharide production with 5% sucrose, gamma-glutamylaminopeptidase activity, and a requirement for cysteine or cystine for growth in Catlin medium. All of the N. polysacchareae strains identified were isolated from the nasopharynx of healthy carriers.
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Sáez-Nieto JA, Perucha M, Casamayor H, Marcen JJ, Llacer A, Garcia-Barreno B, Casal J. Outbreak of infection caused by Neisseria meningitidis group C type 2 in a nursery. J Infect 1984; 8:49-55. [PMID: 6699414 DOI: 10.1016/s0163-4453(84)93327-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
An outbreak of meningococcal infection which took place in a nursery in Rioja, Spain, is reported. Between November 1981 and February 1982, 11 patients had meningitis with or without septicaemia. Two died. Three meningococcal strains from the patients isolated were studied. All three were group C type 2 and were resistant to sulphadiazine (MIC 50 mg/l) but susceptible to penicillin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, rifampicin and spiramycin. This outbreak took place during an epidemic in which serogroup B was the most prevalent in Spain. Two surveys before and after chemoprophylaxis were made to determine the carrier rate in the nursery population. The strain causing the outbreak was found in 2.5 and 4 per cent of persons respectively. Rifampicin was administered to all carriers after the first survey and to carriers of the virulent strain after the second survey. The remaining children were given polysaccharide C vaccine. No more cases arose after this last prophylactic measure.
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Sáez-Nieto JA, Fenoll A, Vazquez J, Casal J. Prevalence of maltose-negative Neisseria meningitidis variants during an epidemic period in Spain. J Clin Microbiol 1982; 15:78-81. [PMID: 6821207 PMCID: PMC272028 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.15.1.78-81.1982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We studied the prevalence of maltose-negative variants of Neisseria meningitidis in Spain from 1978 to 1980. Sugar utilization studies were performed with both CTA medium and Mueller-Hinton medium; bromothymol blue was used as the indicator in Mueller-Hinton medium. Of 1,714 isolates of N. meningitidis recovered from the cerebrospinal fluid or blood of patients with meningococcal infections, 64 (3.7%) were maltose-negative variants; 13 (3.3%) of the 363 isolates found in carriers had the same characteristic. All maltose-negative cultures isolated from both patients and carriers belonged to serogroup B and were resistant to sulfadiazine at a minimal inhibitory concentration, 10 micrograms/ml or more. Serotype 2 isolates were the most prevalent isolates in patients (68.8%), followed by nontypable isolates (20.3%). Only serotype 2 isolates (66%) and nontypable isolates (33%) were found in carriers.
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