[Epidemiology of sporotrichosis in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul]

Thirty-one cases of sporotrichosis diagnosed in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul from 1988 to 1997 were studied. Clinical data were compared with a study concerning three past decades, clearly showing a decrease in the incidence of the mycosis, and an alteration in the profile of the infection, with a decrease of sporotrichosis in rural patients, children, women and farmers. In the past decade the mycosis was most frequent among urban adults with different professions, with the onset of the disease being associated with rural leisure activities such as fishing and hunting.

A ten-year survey of Tinea pedis in the central region of the Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Tinea pedis in the most common type of dermatophytosis, but can mimic many cutaneous diseases and tend to be chronic. We present a study of the frequency, epidemiology and clinical aspects of tinea pedis in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul during the period 1988-1997.

Trichosporon inkin peritonitis during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis with bibliography review

We report a further case of peritonitis due to Trichosporon inkin in a patient undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Peritonitis caused by Trichosporon species is reviewed.

Development of secondary resistance to fluconazole in Cryptococcus neoformans isolated from a patient with AIDS

Cryptococcus neoformans is the fifth most common opportunistic agent of infection in patients with AIDS in the USA, exceeded only by Candida species, Pneumocystis carinii, cytomegalovirus and Mycobacterium avium1, 2, 6, 10, 11. In Brazil is the sixth, exceeded by Candida species, P. carinii, Mycobacterium species, Toxoplasma gondii, and herpes simplex virus (AIDS, Boletim Epidemiológico, set/nov 96, Ministério da Saúde, Brasil). During 30 years, the treatment of C. neoformans meningitis was based on the use of amphotericin B with or without flucytosine13. Nowadays, with the immunodepression caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and the availability of new antifungal drugs as the triazoles, the concept related to cure and relapses of cryptococcosis has been altered7, 20. Patients are treated with amphotericin B with or without flucytosine as initial therapy, but maintenance therapy is always necessary in AIDS patients with C. neoformans infections

Chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis with concomitant aspergilluria

This paper reports a case of chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis in a patient without underlying disease. Aspergilluria was the starting point in the search for the origin of the pulmonary disease, later confirmed by an open lung biopsy.

[Cryptococcosis not related to AIDS in Rio Grande do Sul: a report of 8 cases and a review of the literature]

We report eight cases of cryptococcosis in non-AIDS patients diagnosed in Santa Maria, RS, during 1961-1995. A review of the literature is performed and the prevalence of the infection caused by var neoformans in patients without underlying disease in subtropical regions is commented.

[Chromoblastomycosis in Rio Grande do Sul: a report of 12 cases]

Twelve cases of chromoblastomycosis diagnosed in Rio Grande do sul during 1988-1995 are reported. The clinical aspects are analyzed and compared with the literature. Fonsecaea pedrosoi was the only microorganism isolated.

A focus of favus due to Trichophyton schoenleinii in Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

This paper reports the ocurrence of a focus of favus due to Trichophyton schoenleinii affecting seven members of a family, 29 years after the last register of the disease in Rio Grande do Sul

Acute primary cutaneous Nocardia asteroides infection in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. Case report

We report a case of acute primary cutaneous infection of traumatic origin caused by Nocardia asteroides, appeared as cellulitis in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. Diagnosis was established by direct examination and cultures from aspirate specimens. The clinical forms of Nocardia infections that affect the skin, reported in Rio Grande do Sul and Uruguay, are discussed.

[Trichosporon beigelii peritonitis in a child during treatment by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis]

We report a case of peritonitis caused by Trichosporon beigelii in a 2-year-old child during treatment by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Diagnosis was established by direct examination and culture of dialysis effluent. Infections caused by Trichosporon beigelii in children are commented.

Acremonium kiliense peritonitis complicating continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: report of two cases

Two cases of peritonitis caused by Acremonium kiliense in patients receiving a continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis treatment are reported. Diagnosis was established by direct examination and cultures of dialysis effluent, secretion of catheter-exit-site and from the tip of the catheter. Management of fungal peritonitis includes catheter removal, since in this infection the result of systemic antifungal therapy is inconsistent.

Mixed intranasal infection caused by Fusarium solani and a zygomycete in a leukaemic patient

We report a case of mixed intranasal infection caused by Fusarium solani and a zygomycete, with probable sinus and brain involvement. The patient had chronic myelogenous leukaemia and was treated with chemotherapy. Diagnosis of the infection was established by direct examination of the intranasal eschar and histopathological study of an excisional biopsy. Only F. solani was isolated from both specimens. Difficulties in diagnosis and treatment of these infections are discussed.

Kerionlike lesion of the scalp due to Acremonium kiliense in a noncompromised boy

We report a case of kerionlike lesion of the scalp due to Acremonium kiliense in a boy without underlying disease. Diagnosis was established by direct examination and cultures from pus and scrapings.

Cutaneous zygomycosis caused by Absidia corymbifera in a leukemic patient

A case of cutaneous zygomycosis caused by Absidia corymbifera in a leukemic patient submitted to chemotherapy is reported. The lesion was located on the little finger of the right hand and probably resulted from a latent osteomyelitis. It progressed to form extensive necrotic area. No systemic infection was detected and the lesion did not appear to be associated with any trauma.

Cutaneous Nocardia asteroides infection of nontraumatic origin

This paper reports a case of cutaneous infection of nontraumatic origin caused by Nocardia asteroides in a hospitalized patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Diagnosis was established by direct and histological examination, cultures from exudate and biopsy specimen. We discuss the classification of clinical forms of Nocardia infections affecting the skin.

Curvularia lunata peritonitis complicating peritoneal dialysis

A case of peritonitis due to Curvularia lunata during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis is reported. Diagnosis was established by culture of dialysis effluent and peritoneal exudate, and was also confirmed through histological examination.

First case of human infection by trichophyton vanbreuseghemii in Brazil

This paper reports the first case of human infection caused by Ttrichophyton vanbreuseghemii in Brazil.

[Skin lesions in progressive disseminated histoplasmosis associated with AIDS]

The protean manifestations of progressive disseminated histoplasmosis in AIDS patients (PDH/AIDS) specially the cutaneous lesions, may confuse the clinician or the pathologist. A case of PDH/AIDS diagnosed by direct and histologic examination and cultures of subcutaneous nodule aspirate and skin biopsy is reported. The requirement of special histologic and cultures procedures is emphasized. Clinical manifestations of the disease are discussed.

The second case of peritonitis due to Histoplasma capsulatum during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis in Brazil

This paper reports a case of infection due to Histoplasma capsulatum apparently restricted to the peritoneum in a woman submitted to continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Diagnosis was established by direct examination and culture of dialysis effluent. Although the state of Rio Grande do Sul, the southernmost in Brazil, is not considered a region of high endemicity for histoplasmosis, this is the second case of infection occurring in a patient during CAPD.

Trichosporon beigelii peritonitis associated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

This paper reports a case of peritonitis caused by Trichosporon beigelii in a woman submitted to continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Diagnosis was established by direct examination and culture of dialysis effluent.

[Human dermatomycoses in the interior of Rio Grande do Sul in the period of 1988-1992]

The relative frequency of the dermatophytes in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, have changed during a survey carried out from 1988-1992. The frequency of the antropophilic species T. rubrum, T. mentagrophytes var. interdigitale and E. floccosum have decreased in comparison with the zoophilic species M. canis and T. mentagrophytes var. mentagrophytes. The relationship host/parasite and the low rate growth of dermatophytes in culture are discussed.

Subcutaneous pseudallescheriasis in a renal transplant recipient

This paper reports a case of a single subcutaneous nodule caused by Pseudallescheria boydii in a renal transplant recipient, possibly of nontraumatic origin. The patient was treated surgically and with itraconazole.

Nocardia asteroides peritonitis during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

This paper reports a case of peritonitis by Nocardia asteroides during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis in a man who had systemic lupus erythematous and chronic renal failure. Diagnosis was established by microscopic examination (Gram and Kinyoun) and culture of centrifuged dialysis fluid and the patient was treated with Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole by intraperitoneal route.

Histoplasma capsulatum peritonitis associated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

This paper reports a case of infection by Histoplasma capsulatum apparently restricted to the peritoneum in a woman submitted to continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Diagnosis was established by culture of dialysis fluid and peritoneal nodule and by histopathologic examination.

Progressive pulmonary paracoccidioidomycosis a study of 34 cases observed in Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil)

Data on 34 patients with progressive pulmonary paracoccidioi domycosis seen in the State of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil) are reviewed. Clinical manifestations were similar to those of a prolonged or a recurrent undifferentiated respiratory infection. Roentgenographic findings were also non-characteristic. A mycologic diagnosis was readily made when sputum was available.