1
|
Hernández JD, Castro P, Saavedra P, Ramírez P, Orós J. Morphologic and Cytochemical Characteristics of the Blood Cells of the Yellow-Bellied Slider (Trachemys scripta scripta). Anat Histol Embryol 2017; 46:446-455. [PMID: 28762256 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of yellow-bellied sliders (Trachemys scripta scripta) as pets in the European Union and also its utilization as animal models for experimental purposes makes crucial an accurate classification of their blood cells. The aim of this work was to provide a morphologic classification based on the cytochemical characteristics of the blood cells of 15 yellow-bellied sliders. Cytochemical stains included benzidine peroxidase, chloroacetate esterase, alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase (with and without sodium fluoride), acid phosphatase (with and without tartaric acid), Sudan black B, periodic acid-Schiff and toluidine blue. Nuclear and cellular dimensions were also measured based on quick Romanowsky-type stained smears. Besides erythrocytes and thrombocytes, five types of white blood cells were identified: heterophils, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes and monocytes. The cytochemical patterns of heterophils, eosinophils and basophils were unique compared to those described for other chelonians. This paper provides a useful guideline for clinical settings and further haematological studies of this species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J D Hernández
- Unit of Veterinary Histology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), 35413, Arucas, Las Palmas, Spain.,Serviexotic, 35320, Vega de San Mateo, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - P Castro
- Unit of Veterinary Histology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), 35413, Arucas, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - P Saavedra
- School of Medicine, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), 35016, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - P Ramírez
- Serviexotic, 35320, Vega de San Mateo, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - J Orós
- Unit of Veterinary Histology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), 35413, Arucas, Las Palmas, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Montesdeoca N, Calabuig P, Corbera JA, Rocha J, Orós J. Final outcome of raptors admitted to the Tafira Wildlife Rehabilitation Center, Gran Canaria Island, Spain (2003–2013). Anim Biodiv Conserv 2017. [DOI: 10.32800/abc.2017.40.0211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
3
|
Arencibia A, Corbera JA, Ramírez G, Contreras S, Morales M, Jaber JR, Orós J, Vázquez JM. Three-dimensional time of flight magnetic resonance angiography of the heart and associated vessels in a cat. J Vet Cardiol 2016; 18:413-417. [PMID: 27444271 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to describe the normal magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) of the heart and associated vessels in a mature female cat using a 1.5-Tesla magnet. Non-contrast enhanced MRA was performed using a three-dimensional time of flight (TOF) sequence in parasagittal and dorsal aspects. Relevant cardiac and vascular structures were labelled on three-dimensional Time of flight images. Time of flight imaging showed details of the heart cavities and vessels lumen due to the high signal intensity of fast-flowing blood compared with bones, muscles, and lungs, which appeared with low signal intensity. Three-dimensional TOF sequences provided adequate anatomical details of the heart and good differentiation of the vascular structures that could be used for interpretation of cardiac images and to assist in future MRA studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Arencibia
- Department of Morphology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413, Arucas, Las Palmas, Spain.
| | - J A Corbera
- Department of Animal Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413, Arucas, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - G Ramírez
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Pathological Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - S Contreras
- Department of Morphology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413, Arucas, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - M Morales
- Department of Animal Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413, Arucas, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - J R Jaber
- Department of Morphology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413, Arucas, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - J Orós
- Department of Morphology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413, Arucas, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - J M Vázquez
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Pathological Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Orós J, Lorenzo H, Andrada M, Recuero J. Type A–like Retroviral Particles in a Metastatic Intestinal Adenocarcinoma in an Emerald Tree Boa (Corallus caninus). Vet Pathol 2016; 41:515-8. [PMID: 15347825 DOI: 10.1354/vp.41-5-515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A metastatic intestinal papillary adenocarcinoma was diagnosed histologically in an emerald tree boa ( Corallus caninus). Metastasis was detected in the liver, both kidneys, lung, and coelomic wall. Ultrastructural examination of the metastatic intestinal epithelial cells in the liver revealed the presence of a moderate number of viral particles that most closely resembled type A retroviral particles and were mainly associated with granular endoplasmic reticulum membranes. This case is the first description of type A-like retroviral particles in a neoplasm of a snake. The role of the virions in the etiology of the intestinal adenocarcinoma is uncertain. In addition, this is the first confirmed report of a metastatic intestinal adenocarcinoma in a snake.
Collapse
|
5
|
Camacho M, Orós J, Boada LD, Zaccaroni A, Silvi M, Formigaro C, López P, Zumbado M, Luzardo OP. Potential adverse effects of inorganic pollutants on clinical parameters of loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta): results from a nesting colony from Cape Verde, West Africa. Mar Environ Res 2013; 92:15-22. [PMID: 23998796 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2013.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A large number of nesting loggerhead sea turtles (n = 201) were sampled to establish the blood levels of 11 elements (Cu, Mn, Pb, Zn, Cd, Ni, Cr, As, Al, Hg, and Se). Almost all of the samples showed detectable levels of these 11 elements, and Zn and Se exhibited the highest concentrations (median values as high as 6.05 and 2.28 μg/g, respectively). The median concentrations of the most toxic compounds, As, Cd, Pb, and Hg, were relatively low (0.38, 0.24, 0.06, and 0.03 μg/g, respectively). We also determined the haematological and biochemical parameters in a subsample of 50 turtles to evaluate the potential effects of these contaminants on clinical parameters and found several associations. Our study reinforces the usefulness of blood for the monitoring of the levels of contaminating elements and their adverse effects on blood parameters in sea turtles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Camacho
- Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Trasmontana s/n, 35416 Arucas, Las Palmas, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Orós J, Monagas P, Calabuig P, Luzardo OP, Camacho M. Pansteatitis associated with high levels of polychlorinated biphenyls in a wild loggerhead sea turtle Caretta caretta. Dis Aquat Organ 2013; 102:237-242. [PMID: 23446973 DOI: 10.3354/dao02550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We describe the morphologic and toxicological findings in a case of pansteatitis in a stranded loggerhead sea turtle Caretta caretta. At necropsy, a large amount of adipose tissue in the celomic cavity showing very firm, yellow to orange irregular formations was observed. Histological lesions ranged from the infiltration of necrotic fat by scarce multinucleated giant cells and numerous macrophages containing xylene-insoluble lipopigment inclusions to the presence of several granulomas characterized by an irregular central necrotic area consisting of lipopigment surrounded by numerous multinucleated giant cells. Microbiological cultures were negative. Celomic fat was analyzed for PCBs and DDTs, resulting in very high levels of PCB 138, 153, 180 209 (3170, 2830, 980 and 1190 ng g-1, respectively). Although a nutritional cause cannot be ruled out, the high levels of PCBs detected in the celomic fat could have induced lipid peroxidation in adipocytes, resulting in cell damage, deposition of ceroid pigment and inflammatory response. This is the first report of pansteatitis in a wild sea turtle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Orós
- Department of Morphology, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Orós J, Camacho M, Calabuig P, Arencibia A. Salt gland adenitis as only cause of stranding of loggerhead sea turtles Caretta caretta. Dis Aquat Organ 2011; 95:163-166. [PMID: 21848124 DOI: 10.3354/dao02351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The present study describes pathological and microbiological findings in 9 stranded loggerhead sea turtles Caretta caretta, whose only observed lesion was bilateral purulent salt gland adenitis. Histological lesions ranged from the presence of abundant eosinophilic material associated with bacterial colonies in the lumen of the central ducts of the glandular lobules to the destruction of the glandular tissue and presence of abundant eosinophilic material composed of heterophils and cell debris, lined by multinucleated giant cells. Aeromonas hydrophila, Staphylococcus sp., and Vibrio alginolyticus were the bacteria most frequently isolated. Plasma concentrations of sodium and chloride and plasma osmolality from 2 turtles suffering from salt gland adenitis were, respectively 45.7, 69.2, and 45.7% higher than the mean value for healthy turtles. These cases suggest that failure to maintain homeostasis due to severe lesions in the salt glands can cause stranding and/or death of loggerhead sea turtles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Orós
- Department of Morphology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Arucas, Las Palmas, 35416, Spain.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Orós J, Calabuig P, Arencibia A, Camacho M, Jensen HE. Systemic mycosis caused byTrichophytonspp. in an olive ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea): An immunohistochemical study. N Z Vet J 2011; 59:92-5. [DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2011.552859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
9
|
|
10
|
Orós J, Monagas P, Andrada M, Calabuig P, Pether J. Metastatic fibrosarcoma in a captive Saharan horned viper (Cerastes cerastes
) with high hepatic levels of cadmium. Vet Rec 2009; 164:690-2. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.164.22.690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Orós
- Veterinary Faculty; University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC); Transmontaña s/n 35413 Arucas Spain
| | - P. Monagas
- Veterinary Faculty; University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC); Transmontaña s/n 35413 Arucas Spain
| | - M. Andrada
- Veterinary Faculty; University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC); Transmontaña s/n 35413 Arucas Spain
| | - P. Calabuig
- Gáldar Veterinary Hospital; 35460 Gáldar Las Palmas Spain
| | - J. Pether
- Herpetological Research Centre; PO Box 101, Gáldar Las Palmas Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Affiliation(s)
- A. B. Casal
- Tafira Wildlife Rehabilitation Centre; Tafira Baja 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Spain
| | - J. Orós
- Department of Morphology; Veterinary Faculty; University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria; Transmontaña s/n, 35413 Arùcas Las Palmas Spain
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Orós J, González-Díaz OM, Monagas P. High levels of polychlorinated biphenyls in tissues of Atlantic turtles stranded in the Canary Islands, Spain. Chemosphere 2009; 74:473-8. [PMID: 19062067 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2008] [Revised: 08/24/2008] [Accepted: 08/25/2008] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs 28, 31, 52, 101, 138, 153, 180, and 209) were measured in tissue samples (liver and fat) from 30 loggerhead turtles Caretta caretta, 1 green turtle Chelonia mydas, and 1 leatherback Dermochelys coriacea stranded on the coasts of the Canary Islands, trying to establish a possible relation between PCB concentrations and the lesions and causes of death. Tissues from these turtles contained higher levels of PCBs than those reported in turtles from other geographical regions. Sigma PCB concentrations (1980+/-5320 ng g(-1)wet wt.) in the liver of loggerheads were higher than in the adipose tissue (450+/-1700 ng g(-1)wet wt.). Concentrations of PCB 209 in the liver (1200+/-3120 ng g(-1)wet wt.) of loggerheads and in the liver (530 ng g(-1)wet wt.) and adipose tissue (500 ng g(-1)wet wt.) of the leatherback were remarkable. Frequencies of detection of PCB 209 in the liver (15.5%) and adipose tissue (31%) were also remarkable. Cachexia was detected in 7 turtles (22%) and septicemia was diagnosed in 10 turtles (31%). Statistically, a positive correlation was detected between Sigma PCBs concentration and cachexia. Poor physical condition, cachexia and/or septicaemia could explain the high levels of PCBs and tissue distribution. However, no histological lesions exclusively attributed to the acute effects of PCBs were described. The most prevalent histological lesions were ulcerative and purulent oesophagitis, purulent dermatitis, necrotizing enteritis, and granulomatous pneumonia. The bacteria most frequently isolated were Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus sp., and Aeromonas sp. Although immunosupression as a result of PCBs pollution has been described previously, other factors in this study, such as incidental fishing, nutritional status, and exposition to different micro-organisms, make it difficult to establish a clear association between PCB concentrations and causes of death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Orós
- Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Trasmontana s/n, 35413 Arucas (Las Palmas), Spain.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Monagas P, Orós J, Araña J, González-Díaz OM. Organochlorine pesticide levels in loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) stranded in the Canary Islands, Spain. Mar Pollut Bull 2008; 56:1949-52. [PMID: 18834602 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2008.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2008] [Revised: 06/23/2008] [Accepted: 08/22/2008] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Monagas
- Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Trasmontana s/n, 35413 Arucas, Las Palmas, Spain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Casal AB, Freire F, Bautista-Harris G, Arencibia A, Orós J. Ultrastructural characteristics of blood cells of juvenile loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta). Anat Histol Embryol 2007; 36:332-5. [PMID: 17845221 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0264.2007.00773.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ultrastructural characteristics of erythrocytes, heterophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and thrombocytes of the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) were evaluated, using blood samples from 15 healthy juvenile animals. Except for the eosinophils, the rest of the white blood cells from loggerhead turtles had similar ultrastructural characteristics compared with blood cells from other sea turtle species. Eosinophils from loggerhead turtles were homogeneous in size, and no crystalline structures were observed within the granules. This paper provides an ultrastructural characterization of blood cells of loggerhead sea turtles, as a reference for future haematological studies of this species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A B Casal
- Unit of Veterinary Histology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Trasmontana, Las Palmas, Arucas, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Casal AB, Orós J. Morphologic and cytochemical characteristics of blood cells of juvenile loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta). Res Vet Sci 2007; 82:158-65. [PMID: 17067648 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2006.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2006] [Revised: 07/04/2006] [Accepted: 07/30/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A morphologic classification based on the cytochemical characteristics of blood cells of 35 juvenile loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) is described. Cytochemical stains included benzidine peroxidase, chloroacetate esterase, alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase (with and without sodium fluoride), acid phosphatase (with and without tartaric acid), Sudan black B, periodic acid-Schiff, and toluidine blue. The morphologic characteristics of erythrocytes were similar to those reported in green turtles. Six types of white blood cells were identified: heterophils, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and thrombocytes. Except for the basophils, the rest of the white blood cells from loggerhead turtles had different cytochemical characteristics compared to blood cells from other sea turtle species. The leukocyte differential count was different from that reported for other sea turtle species. Heterophils were the most numerous leukocytes from these loggerhead turtles, followed by lymphocytes, eosinophils, monocytes and basophils. This paper provides a morphologic classification of blood cells of loggerhead sea turtles that is useful for veterinary surgeons involved in sea turtle conservation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A B Casal
- Department of Morphology, Unit of Histology and Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Trasmontaña s/n, 35416 Arucas, Las Palmas, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
A case of vertebral osteoma observed in a female 4-year-old dromedary camel is presented. The patient showed a progressive ataxia, incoordination and finally a permanent recumbence position. Treatment was unfruitful and the animal was humanely euthanized. Postmortem examination revealed an expansive growth at vertebral body of the 10th thoracic vertebra, which was histologically classified as an osteoma. To the author's knowledge, this would be the first description of an osteoma in a camelid species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Carbonell
- Veterinary Faculty, Universidad of Las Palmas, Las Palmas, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Arencibia A, Rivero MA, De Miguel I, Contreras S, Cabrero A, Orós J. Computed tomographic anatomy of the head of the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta). Res Vet Sci 2006; 81:165-9. [PMID: 16545410 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2005.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2005] [Revised: 11/11/2005] [Accepted: 12/03/2005] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The heads of three loggerhead sea turtles were disarticulated and imaged immediately to minimize postmortem changes and then frozen and sectioned. For computed tomography (CT) imaging, the heads were positioned in ventral recumbency. Transverse CT images with soft-tissue window were obtained from the olfactory sac region to the temporomandibular joint region. After CT imaging, the heads were sectioned and the gross sections were compared to CT images, to assist in the accurate identification of the anatomic structures. Different clinically relevant anatomic structures were identified and labelled in two series of photographs (CT images and anatomic cross-sections). CT images provided good differentiation between the bones and the soft tissues of the head. The information presented in this paper should serve as an initial reference to evaluate CT images of the head of the loggerhead sea turtle and to assist in the interpretation of lesions of this region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Arencibia
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria University, Trasmontaña 35416, Arucas, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Orós J, Torrent A, Calabuig P, Déniz S. Diseases and causes of mortality among sea turtles stranded in the Canary Islands, Spain (1998-2001). Dis Aquat Organ 2005; 63:13-24. [PMID: 15759796 DOI: 10.3354/dao063013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
This paper lists the pathological findings and causes of mortality of 93 sea turtles (88 Caretta caretta, 3 Chelonia mydas, and 2 Dermochelys coriacea) stranded on the coasts of the Canary Islands between January 1998 and December 2001. Of these, 25 (26.88%) had died of spontaneous diseases including different types of pneumonia, hepatitis, meningitis, septicemic processes and neoplasm. However, 65 turtles (69.89%) had died from lesions associated with human activities such as boat-strike injuries (23.66%), entanglement in derelict fishing nets (24.73%), ingestion of hooks and monofilament lines (19.35%), and crude oil ingestion (2.15%). Traumatic ulcerative skin lesions were the most common gross lesions, occurring in 39.78% of turtles examined, and being associated with Aeromonas hydrophila, Vibrio alginolyticus and Staphylococcus spp. infections. Pulmonary edema (15.05%), granulomatous pneumonia (12.90%) and exudative bronchopneumonia (7.53%) were the most frequently detected respiratory lesions. Different histological types of nephritis included chronic interstitial nephritis, granulomatous nephritis and perinephric abscesses, affecting 13 turtles (13.98%). Ulcerative and fibrinous esophagitis and traumatic esophageal perforation were the most frequently observed lesions in the esophagus, being associated in the majority of the cases with ingestion of fishing hooks. Larval nematodes of the Anisakidae family caused gastritis in 15 turtles (16.13%). Necrotizing and/or granulomatous hepatitis were the lesions most commonly observed in the liver (27.95%). Traumatic lesions included necrotizing myositis (10.75%) mainly caused by entanglement in fishing nets or boat-strikes, and amputation of 1 or 2 flippers (25.81%) by netting. Traumatic erosions and/or fractures of the carapace/plastron mainly caused by boat-strikes were also observed (26.88%). Eye lesions included heterophilic keratoconjunctivitis, ulcerative keratitis and heterophilic scleritis, affecting 7 turtles (7.53%).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Orós
- Unit of Histology and Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Trasmontaña s/n, 35416 Arucas, Las Palmas, Spain.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Torrent A, González-Díaz OM, Monagas P, Orós J. Tissue distribution of metals in loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) stranded in the Canary Islands, Spain. Mar Pollut Bull 2004; 49:854-860. [PMID: 15530530 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2004.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Torrent
- Veterinary Faculty, Morphology Department, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Trasmontaña s/n, 35416 Arucas (Las Palmas), Spain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Digestive lesions were observed in 84 of 136 sea turtles (128 Caretta caretta, four Chelonia mydas and four Dermochelys coriacea) stranded in the Canary Islands between January 1993 and December 2001. In the oral cavity ulcerative and necropurulent stomatitis were the most frequently observed lesions, and in the oesophagus ulcerative and fibrinous oesophagitis, and traumatic oesophageal perforation were most frequently observed; all these lesions were mainly associated with the ingestion of fishing hooks. Different histological types of gastritis were observed in 35 of the turtles; necropurulent and fibrinous gastritis were associated with bacterial infections caused mainly by Proteus species, Vibrio alginolyticus, and Staphylococcus species, and larval nematodes of the genus Anisakis were responsible for a form of parasitic gastritis observed in 16 of the turtles. Different histological types of enteritis, including catarrhal, fibrinous, necropurulent and necrotising enteritis, affected 36 turtles; a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, including Bacillus species, Escherichia coli, Pasteurella species, Proteus species, Staphylococcus species, Streptococcus species and V. alginolyticus, were isolated from these lesions. All the cases of necrotising enteritis were associated with intestinal intussusception caused by the ingestion of monofilament fishing lines. Necrotising and/or multifocal granulomatous hepatitis were the lesions most commonly observed in the liver; they affected 29 of the turtles and were associated with Aeromonas hydrophila, Citrobacter species, E. coli, Proteus species, Staphylococcus species and V. alginolyticus infections. According to the stranding reports and the gross and histological lesions observed, 33 of the turtles had digestive lesions associated with the ingestion of hooks and monofilament lines, and two had lesions associated with the ingestion of crude oil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Orós
- Unit of Histology and Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Transmontaña s/n, 35416 Arucas (Las Palmas), Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Orós J, Delgado C, Fernández L, Jensen HE. Pulmonary hyalohyphomycosis caused byFusariumspp in a Kemp's ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys kempi): an immunohistochemical study. N Z Vet J 2004; 52:150-2. [PMID: 15768112 DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2004.36420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM To describe the microscopic and immunohistochemical findings in a case of pulmonary hyalohyphomycosis in a Kemp's ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys kempi). METHODS Samples of lung, liver and kidney from a stranded, dead Kemp's ridley sea turtle were routinely processed for histopathological studies. Two monoclonal antibodies that reacted specifically with antigens of Aspergillus spp and the Mucorales (Zygomycetes) group, and a panel of polyclonal antibodies raised against Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Geotrichum candidum, Fusarium solani, and Scedosporium apiospermum were used for immunohistochemical or immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS Histologically, a severe multifocal granulomatous pneumonia associated with fungal infection was diagnosed. All hyphae were identified as Fusarium spp because a strong and uniform reactivity was obtained only with a heterologously-absorbed polyclonal antibody raised against somatic antigens of Fusarium solani. CONCLUSIONS Fusarium spp should be included in the differential diagnosis of mycotic pneumonia in Kemp's ridley sea turtles. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This is the first report of a pulmonary mycotic infection in a sea turtle diagnosed using immunohistochemistry. Wildlife rehabilitators and pathologists should be aware of the availability of immunohistochemical techniques for identifying fungi in sea turtles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Orós
- Unit of Histology and Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Trasmontaña s/n, 35416, Arucas (Las Palmas), Spain.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Rodríguez F, Fernández A, Orós J, Ramírez AS, Luque R, Ball HJ, Sarradell J. Changes in lymphocyte subsets in the bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue of goats naturally infected with different Mycoplasma species. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 48:259-66. [PMID: 15129581 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0450.2001.00434.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The distribution of cells containing lysozyme, S-100 protein, CD3, CD4, CD8, major histocompatibility complex class II antigen and immunoglobulin G (IgG) was analysed in the bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) of goats naturally infected with three Mycoplasma species. This study included the immunohistochemical characterization of the pneumonic lesions of 18 goats (3-5 months old) infected with one of the following Mycoplasma species: M. mycoides ssp. mycoides, Large Colony type (goats no. 1-6), M. mycoides ssp. capri (goats no. 7-12) and M. capricolum ssp. capricolum (goats no. 13-18). Microscopically, infected animals showed a moderate broncho-interstitial pneumonia, characterized by lymphoid hyperplasia of the BALT and infiltration of mononuclear cells in the alveolar walls and airways. The main cellular type in the BALT was represented by CD3+ T lymphocytes, and the ratio of CD4+:CD8+ cells was > 2. The BALT showed large germinal centres mainly composed of IgG+ B lymphocytes, with numerous S-100+ follicular dendritic cells. The presence of follicular dendritic cells confirmed the high degree of organization of this lymphoid tissue. The immunohistochemical results showed that activated T lymphocytes, particularly in the CD4 subset, and IgG+ B cells, play a major role in the immune response of the caprine lung infected with these species of mycoplasmas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Rodríguez
- Department of Comparative Pathology, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Transontaña, 35416 Arucas, Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Orós J, Tucker S, Fernández L, Jacobson ER. Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma in two loggerhead sea turtles Caretta caretta. Dis Aquat Organ 2004; 58:245-250. [PMID: 15109148 DOI: 10.3354/dao058245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We received 2 stranded loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) with squamous cell carcinomas to necropsy. The dead turtles had been collected in Gran Canaria and Fuerteventura in April 1994 and May 1997, respectively to determine the cause of death. One turtle had 3 ulcerated lesions in the dorsal part of the neck and several irregular masses in the lungs and kidneys. Histologic examination of lesions in the skin, lungs, kidneys, and ventricular myocardium revealed neoplastic proliferation of abnormal keratinocytes. Ultrastructural examination identified the tumoral cells as epithelial cells. The second turtle had 4 lesions in the skin of the head and flippers, and several irregular masses in the lungs, liver, and kidneys. Histological examination revealed a squamous cell carcinoma with metastases to muscle tissue, liver, lungs, and kidneys. Attempts to characterize the tumoral cells by immunohistochemistry using several monoclonal and polyclonal antisera against high and low molecular weight cytokeratins from mammals, as well as vimentin and desmin, failed. Differences between reptilian keratins (mainly beta-keratins) and mammalian keratins (mainly alpha-keratins) could explain this absence of immunoreactivity. This is the first description of squamous cell carcinoma in sea turtles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Orós
- Unit of Histology and Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Arucas, Spain.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Orós J, Arencibia A, Fernández L, Jensen HE. Intestinal candidiasis in a loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta): an immunohistochemical study. Vet J 2004; 167:202-7. [PMID: 14975396 DOI: 10.1016/s1090-0233(03)00111-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2003] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Post mortem examination of a juvenile loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) stranded in the Canary Islands revealed a fishing-line in the small intestine. Histologically, severe necrotic enteritis, multiple haemorrhages, and marked oedema of the intestinal submucosa were observed. Yeast cells and fungal hyphae were seen in the lamina propria of the intestinal mucosa and in the connective tissue of the submucosa. Because fungal cultures were not taken at the time of necropsy, an immunohistochemical study was performed in order to identify the fungus involved. Specific monoclonal and heterologously absorbed polyclonal antibodies served as the primary reagents for identification of aspergillosis, candidiasis, fusariosis, geotricosis, scedosporiosis, and zygomycosis, using an indirect immunofluorescence staining technique. The fungal elements were strongly stained only by a polyclonal antibody against Candida albicans and a monoclonal antibody against C. albicans. There are no known previous reports of Candida sp. causing skin disease or systemic mycotic infection in sea turtles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Orós
- Department of Morphology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Trasmontaña s/n, Arucas (Las Palmas) 35416, Spain.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Affiliation(s)
- J Orós
- Department of Histology and Pathology, Veterinary Faculty ULPGC, Arucas, Las Palmas, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Orós J, Ruiz A, Castro P, Torrent A, Sicilia J, Déniz S, Casal AB, Molina JM. Immunohistochemical detection of microfilariae of Foleyella species in an Oustalet's chameleon (Furcifer oustaleti). Vet Rec 2002; 150:20-2. [PMID: 11817860 DOI: 10.1136/vr.150.1.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Orós
- Department of Histology and Pathology, Veterinary Faculty ULPGC, Arucas, Las Palmas, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Orós J, Sicilia J, Torrent A, Castro P, Déniz S, Arencibia A, Jacobson ER, Homer BL. Immunohistochemical detection of ophidian paramyxovirus in snakes in the Canary Islands. Vet Rec 2001; 149:21-3. [PMID: 11486771 DOI: 10.1136/vr.149.1.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Orós
- Department of Histology and Pathology, Veterinary Faculty ULPGC, Arucas, Las Palmas, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Orós J, Torrent A, Espinosa de los Monteros A, Calabuig P, Déniz S, Tucker S, Jacobson ER. Multicentric lymphoblastic lymphoma in a loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta). Vet Pathol 2001; 38:464-7. [PMID: 11467484 DOI: 10.1354/vp.38-4-464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A juvenile female loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) stranded in Gran Canaria was submitted for necropsy. The turtle had exhibited anorexia and lethargy for 2 weeks prior to its death. At necropsy, the thymus was enlarged by two white and firm nodules. White nodules similar to those in thymus were observed in the plastron, thyroid gland, heart, aorta, left lung, spleen, liver, kidneys, stomach, and small intestine. Histopathology revealed a neoplastic proliferation of round cells identified as lymphoid cells. Ultrastructurally, the neoplastic cells were consistent with lymphoblastic cells, and viruses were not detected. The diagnosis was multicentric lymphoblastic lymphoma. This is the first report of a lymphoid neoplasm in a sea turtle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Orós
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Arucas, Las Palmas, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Jacobson ER, Orós J, Tucker SJ, Pollock DP, Kelley KL, Munn RJ, Lock BA, Mergia A, Yamamoto JK. Partial characterization of retroviruses from boid snakes with inclusion body disease. Am J Vet Res 2001; 62:217-24. [PMID: 11212031 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.2001.62.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize retroviruses isolated from boid snakes with inclusion body disease (IBD). ANIMALS 2 boa constrictors with IBD and 1 boa exposed to an affected snake. PROCEDURE Snakes were euthanatized, and tissue specimens and blood samples were submitted for virus isolation. Tissue specimens were cultured with or without commercially available viper heart cells and examined by use of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for evidence of viral replication. Reverse transcriptase activ ty was determined in sucrose gradient-purified virus. Western blotting was performed, using polyclonal antibodies against 1 of the isolated viruses. Specificity of the rabbit anti-virus antibody was evaluated, using an immunogold-labeling TEM technique. RESULTS 3 viruses (RV-1, RV-2, and RV-3) were isolated. The isolates were morphologically comparable to members of the Retroviridae family. Reverse transcriptase activity was high in sucrose gradient fractions that were rich in virus. Polyclonal antibody against RV-1 reacted with proteins of similar relative mobility in RV-1 and RV-2. By use of immunogold labeling, this antibody also recognized virions of both RV-1 and RV-2. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE A retrovirus was isolated from boid snakes with IBD or exposed to IBD. Western blot analysis of viral proteins indicated that viruses isolated from the different snakes were similar. Whether this virus represents the causative agent of IBD is yet to be determined. The isolation of retroviruses from boid snakes with IBD is an important step n the process of identifying the causative agent of this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E R Jacobson
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Clippinger TL, Bennett RA, Johnson CM, Vliet KA, Deem SL, Orós J, Jacobson ER, Schumacher IM, Brown DR, Brown MB. Morbidity and mortality associated with a new mycoplasma species from captive American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis). J Zoo Wildl Med 2000; 31:303-14. [PMID: 11237136 DOI: 10.1638/1042-7260(2000)031[0303:mamawa]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nine of 74 American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) from a captive Florida herd of 3-4-m-long, 200-350-kg, adult males greater than 30 yr of age died within a 10-day period during 1995. Nonspecific clinical signs included anorexia, lethargy, muscle weakness, paraparesis, bilateral white ocular discharge, and various degrees of periocular, facial, cervical, and limb edema. Pneumonia, pericarditis, and arthritis were found on postmortem evaluation of the spontaneously dead and euthanatized alligators. Rapidly growing mycoplasmas were identified by culture, and mycoplasma nucleotide sequences were identified by polymerase chain reaction testing of fresh lung and synovial fluid from an affected alligator. Culture of banked frozen lung from necropsy specimens and fresh lung and fresh synovial fluid from newly affected alligators confirmed the presence of a new mycoplasma species in seven of eight individuals. Oxytetracycline was administered, but related deaths continued for 6 mo until only 14 of the initial alligators remained. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect antibody was developed, and the organism was transmitted experimentally to naive juvenile alligators, although the source of the organism, Mycoplasma sp. (ATCC 700619), has not been identified. The alligator isolate is a novel species in the mycoplasma family because its nucleotide sequence does not match those of over 75 characterized mycoplasma species. Such factors as population density, animal age, and mycoplasmal virulence likely contributed to the course of disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T L Clippinger
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Espinosa de los Monteros A, Martín de las Mulas J, Fernández A, Orós J, Rodríguez F. Immunohistopathologic characterization of a dermal melanocytoma-acanthoma in a German Shepherd Dog. Vet Pathol 2000; 37:268-71. [PMID: 10810992 DOI: 10.1354/vp.37-3-268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A cutaneous melanocytoma-acanthoma in a 2-year-old female German Shepherd Dog was characterized by the presence of two populations of neoplastic cells: epithelial and melanocytic. The epithelial component consisted of nests of well-differentiated stratified squamous epithelium closely associated with neoplastic melanocytes. The epithelial cells immunoreacted with both monoclonal and polyclonal anti-cytokeratin antibodies, and immunoreaction to S-100 protein and vimentin was observed in the melanocytic cells. This rare pigmented skin neoplasm of the dog apparently has a benign behavior.
Collapse
|
32
|
Molina JM, Ruiz A, Ferrer O, Muñoz MC, Orós J, Morales M. Levels of circulating plasma immune complexes after thiacetarsamide treatment in dogs naturally infected with Dirofilaria immitis. Vet Rec 1999; 144:506-7. [PMID: 10358890 DOI: 10.1136/vr.144.18.506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J M Molina
- Department of Animal Pathology, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Affiliation(s)
- J Orós
- Department of Histology and Pathology, Veterinary Faculty ULPGC, Las Palmas, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
An adult male frilled lizard (Chlamydosaurus kingi) was found dead in Northern Territory (Australia). On physical examination it was found to be severely emaciated. At necropsy the stomach was found to be firm with mild thickening of the gastric mucosa. Gastric rugae were prominent and the mucosa was red with a thin layer of dark red mucus on its surface. Light microscopic examination revealed a mild diffuse gastritis with infiltration of the lamina propria by lymphocytes, plasma cells, and heterophils. Large numbers of small, round amphophilic to basophilic (2 to 4 microns in diameter) organisms morphologically consistent with cryptosporidia were seen on the surface of the mucosal epithelium and free in the gastric lumen. The gastric lesions seen in this frilled lizard did not involve atrophy, as previously described in lizards with gastric cryptosporidiosis, and were similar to those described in snakes. The possibility that more than one species of Cryptosporidium parasitizes reptiles could explain the different lesions. This is the first report of cryptosporidiosis in a frilled lizard.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Orós
- Department of Histology and Pathology, Veterinary Faculty ULPGC, Trasmontaña, Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Orós J, Rodríguez JL, Fernández A, Herráez P, Espinosa de los Monteros A, Jacobson ER. Simultaneous occurrence of Salmonella arizonae in a sulfur crested cockatoo (Cacatua galerita galerita) and iguanas. Avian Dis 1998; 42:818-23. [PMID: 9876856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
A case of fatal hepatitis in a captive sulfur crested cockatoo (Cacatua galerita galerita) in which Salmonella arizonae was microbiologically and immunohistochemically detected is described. The death of the cockatoo was closely related to the arrival of a group of 10 green iguanas (Iguana iguana) at a pet shop, and no previous clinical signs were observed in the cockatoo. The most important lesion observed at necropsy of the cockatoo was a multifocal necrotic hepatitis. Salmonella arizonae was isolated from the liver of the cockatoo and was detected immunohistochemically mainly around the edges of necrotic foci. Four iguanas died 3 days later showing a severe enteritis, and Salmonella arizonae was isolated from these lesions. The importance of quarantine and, because of pathogens such as Salmonella, the need to house reptiles at a distance from avian species, mainly psittacids, are reinforced. This is the first report of Salmonella arizonae infection in a cockatoo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Orós
- Department of Histology and Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Arucas, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Affiliation(s)
- J Orós
- Department of Histology and Pathology, Veterinary Faculty ULPGC, Arucas, Las Palmas, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Rodríguez JL, Gutiérrez C, Brooks DL, Damassa AJ, Orós J, Fernández A. A pathological and immunohistochemical study of goat kids undergoing septicaemic disease caused by Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum, Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri and Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides (large colony type). Zentralbl Veterinarmed B 1998; 45:141-9. [PMID: 9588108 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0450.1998.tb00777.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This paper studies the pathological and immunohistochemical findings in 12 kids experimentally infected with Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum (Mcc), M. mycoides subsp. capri (Mmc) and M. mycoides subsp. mycoides (large colony type), (MmmLC). For the demonstration of Mcc, Mmc and MmmLC antigens an immunoperoxidase technique based on the labelled streptavidin biotin method was used in the 12 kids inoculated with mycoplasmas and the three control kids inoculated with mycoplasma medium. All 12 kids, inoculated by different routes, developed subcutaneous swelling at the point of inoculation and terminated in fatal septicaemia from 1 to 5 days post inoculation. The histopathological findings consisted of cellulitis at the point of inoculation, acute diffuse interstitial pneumonia, arthritis and multifocal necrotic purulent splenitis in some kids. The Mcc, Mmc and MmmLC antigens were detected immunohistochemically in all kids with specific punctiform labelling inside the cytoplasm of the leucocytes or extracellularly at the inoculation point, respiratory airways, spleen, liver, joints, tonsils and lymph nodes. The results obtained in this study showed that the inoculation of these mycoplasmas by parenteral routes caused mycoplasmaemia. Moreover, the immunohistochemical results appear fully to confirm that the mycoplasmas were the cause of the death of the kids because of a septicaemic state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J L Rodríguez
- Department of Histology and Pathological Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Orós J, Fernández A, Rodríguez JL, Franklin CL, Matsushita S, Poveda JB. Association of cilia-associated respiratory (CAR) bacillus with natural chronic tracheitis in goats. J Comp Pathol 1997; 117:289-94. [PMID: 9447491 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9975(97)80025-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A histological, histochemical and immunohistological study of the respiratory tract of 83 slaughtered goats (50 adults and 33 kids) is described. Cilia-associated respiratory (CAR) bacillus was detected by means of the Warthin Starry method in the tracheal epithelium of seven (21.2%) of the kids and 16 (32%) of the adult goats. A chronic diffuse tracheitis characterized by mixed lymphocyte and plasma-cell infiltration was found in all seven kids and in 17 adults, including the 16 infected with the CAR bacillus. Although not proved, it is possible that the CAR bacillus caused the chronic tracheitis. Immunohistochemical results suggested that the caprine CAR bacillus was closely related to the rabbit CAR bacillus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Orós
- Department of Histology and Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Orós J, Rodríguez JL, Espinosa de los Monteros A, Rodríguez F, Herráez P, Fernández A. Tracheal malformation in a bicephalic Honduran milk snake (Lampropeltis hondurensis) and subsequent fatal Salmonella arizonae infection. J Zoo Wildl Med 1997; 28:331-5. [PMID: 9365948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A bicephalic Honduran milk snake (Lampropeltis hondurensis) with tracheal duplication and malformation and Salmonella arizonae infection is described. There were atypically wide collapsed tracheal rings with necrotizing tracheitis and abundant necrotic epithelial debris and inflammatory cells obstructing the lumen in one of the duplicate tracheae. Salmonella arizonae was cultured from the malformed duplicate trachea and was considered to be the etiologic agent causing necrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Orós
- Department of Histology and Pathological Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Orós J, Poveda JB, Rodríguez JL, Franklin CL, Fernández A. Natural cilia-associated respiratory bacillus infection in rabbits used for elaboration of hyperimmune serum against Mycoplasma sp. Zentralbl Veterinarmed B 1997; 44:313-317. [PMID: 9270356 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0450.1997.tb00980.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Cilia-associated respiratory (CAR) bacillus was identified in lung lesions of rabbits used for elaboration of hyperimmune serum against Mycoplasma mycoides ssp. capri (Mmc). Numerous Warthin Starry (WS) positive filamentous bacteria aligned perpendicularly to the surface of bronchial epithelial lining were observed. Immunoperoxidase staining of these bacteria was detected using a serum anti-rabbit CAR bacillus. Ultrastructural morphology corresponds to that of CAR bacilli previously reported in rabbits. The desirability of monitoring laboratory rabbits for CAR bacillus infection as part of the health programme is reinforced, especially in rabbits used for raising sera against respiratory pathogens of animal species in which CAR bacillus infection has been described. This is the first report of natural CAR bacillus infection in rabbits in Europe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Orós
- Department of Histology and Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Los Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Rodríguez F, Orós J, Rodríguez JL, González J, Castro P, Fernández A. Intestinal cryptosporidiosis in pigeons (Columba livia). Avian Dis 1997; 41:748-50. [PMID: 9356726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
An intestinal disease in pigeons (Columba livia) from the Canary Islands characterized by diarrhea and body weight loss is described. Intestinal cryptosporidiosis was identified in three young pigeons. Cryptosporidia were associated with hyperplasia of the intestinal crypts and moderate inflammatory infiltration in lamina propria. This is the first report of cryptosporidiosis in pigeons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Rodríguez
- Department of Histology and Pathological Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Real F, Fernández A, Acosta F, Acosta B, Castro P, Déniz S, Orós J. Septicemia associated with Hafnia alvei in laying hens. Avian Dis 1997; 41:741-7. [PMID: 9356725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In the present work Hafnia alvei was isolated from laying hens displaying a reduction in egg production, loss of appetite, opisthotonus, and death. Multifocal necrotizing hepatitis and splenitis were the most prominent lesions. The organism was identified microbiologically. Laying hens were experimentally inoculated by the oral and intraperitoneal route to show the pathogenicity of the organism. A very similar clinicopathologic effect resulted from this trial. Several experimentally infected laying hens died due to septicemia. We conclude that H. alvei may cause a septicemia similar to that reportedly caused by Salmonella spp. in avian species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Real
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Veterinary Faculty, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
A histological and microbiological study of lung samples from 83 slaughtered goats (33 kids and 50 adults) drawn from a flock with a history of pleuropneumonia caused by mycoplasmas of the M. mycoides group was carried out. A total of 82% (27/33) of kids and 36% (18/50) of adult goats presented pulmonary lesions characteristic of enzootic pneumonia: lesions took the form of bronchointerstitial pneumonia with peribronchial and peribronchiolar proliferation of lymphocytes. Microbiological analysis confirmed a range of mycoplasma species, including Mycoplasma mycoides ssp. mycoides Large Colony (MmmlC) (3.70%; 1/27), Mycoplasma mycoides ssp. capri (Mmc) (7.40%; 2/27), Mycoplasma putrefaciens (22.2%; 6/27), Mycoplasma arginini (3.70%; 1/27) and Mycoplasma sp. (7.40%; 2/ 27), as well as Pasteurella multocida (14.8%; 4/27), associated with enzootic pneumonia lesions in younger animals, whereas Mycoplasma sp. was associated with enzootic pneumonia in adult goats (22.0%; 4/18). Cilia-associated respiratory (CAR) bacillus found by histochemical examination was associated with enzootic pneumonia in kids (25.9%; 7/27) and goats (44.4%; 8/18), being the first description of this bacterium in adult goats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Orós
- Department of Histology and Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Orós J, Rodríguez F, Rodríguez JL, Bravo C, Fernández A. Debilitating cutaneous poxvirus infection in a Hodgson's grandala (Grandala coelicolor). Avian Dis 1997; 41:481-3. [PMID: 9201420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A case of cutaneous avian pox infection in a Hodgson's grandala (Grandala coelicolor) is described. The bird was emaciated and had nodules on the eyelids, bill, neck, legs, and toes. Eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies were visualized by light microscopy in epithelial cells of the cutaneous nodules. Electron microscopy revealed numerous pox virions in the inclusion bodies. This is the first report of cutaneous poxvirus infection in a Hodgson's grandala.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Orós
- Department of Histology and Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Orós J, Matsushita S, Rodríguez JL, Rodríguez F, Fernández A. Demonstration of rat CAR bacillus using a labelled streptavidin biotin (LSAB) method. J Vet Med Sci 1996; 58:1219-21. [PMID: 8996705 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.58.12_1219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunohistochemical detection of rat CAR bacillus antigen in paraffin-embedded experimentally infected rat lungs, using an immunoperoxidase technique based on the labelled streptavidin biotin (LSAB) method and 3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole (AEC) as substrate is described in this paper. The pattern of immunostaining was confined to the ciliated bronchial epithelium and the specificity of this technique was confirmed. The use of AEC as substrate was evaluated more efficient than diaminobenzidine (DAB). The usefulness of this immunoperoxidase technique for the detection of CAR bacillus in rats and its advantages compared to the indirect immunofluorescence (IF) are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Orós
- Department of Histology and Pathology, Veterinary Faculty of Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Orós J, Ramírez AS, Poveda JB, Rodríguez JL, Fernández A. Systemic mycosis caused by Penicillium griseofulvum in a Seychelles giant tortoise (Megalochelys gigantea). Vet Rec 1996; 139:295-6. [PMID: 8890466 DOI: 10.1136/vr.139.12.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Orós
- Department of Histology and Pathological Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Affiliation(s)
- F Rodríguez
- Department of Histology and Pathological Anatomy, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
Cases of diphtheritic necrotizing gastritis in a Rosy Boa (Lichanura trivirgata) and of necrotizing tracheitis in a double-headed Kingsnake (Lampropeltis hondurensis), both associated with Salmonella arizonae, are described. An immunoperoxidase technique indicated that S. arizonae played a role in the causation of the lesions. In addition, the study showed the value of the technique for the detection of S. arizonae in the tissues of infected snakes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Orós
- Department of Histology and Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
A filamentous cilia-associated respiratory (CAR) bacillus was discovered in 12 3-4 month-old goats experimentally infected with two different strains of mycoplasmas belonging to the Mycoplasma mycoides type. The CAR bacilli were always arranged parallel to the cilia, and the morphology of these bacilli is very similar to that of other bacilli described previously in other species from various parts of the world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Fernández
- Veterinary Faculty of Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Rodríguez JL, Orós J, Rodríguez F, Poveda JB, Ramírez A, Fernández A. A pathological and immunohistochemical study of caprine pleuropneumonia induced by subspecies of Mycoplasma mycoides. J Comp Pathol 1996; 114:373-84. [PMID: 8814532 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9975(96)80013-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In a population of 700 goats, 150 died; of these, 29 were necropsied. Ten of the 29 goats had pleuropneumonia. Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides (Large Colony) (MmmLC), Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri (Mmc), and Pasteurella multocida were isolated from five of the pleuropneumonic goats. Gross and microscopical lesions were typical of caprine pleuropneumonia (CPP), with bronchopneumonia, fibrinopurulent or fibrinonecrotic pleuropneumonia and dilatation of the interlobular septa and pleura. Immunohistochemical examination with antisera against MmmLC and Mmc showed mycoplasma antigens in all 10 goats with CPP. In all cases, both MmmLC and Mmc antigens were detected together. Mycoplasma antigens were present in the lumina of the airways and alveoli, mainly inside the cytoplasm of neutrophils and macrophages, but extracellular antigen was demonstrated in areas of necrosis. Pasteurella antigens were detected in four of the 10 animals with CPP. From the histological, immunohistochemical and microbiological results it was concluded that the two mycoplasmas, acting together, caused the pleuropneumonia, with P. multocida playing a subsidiary synergistic role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J L Rodríguez
- Department of Histology and Pathological Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas of Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|