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Eng J, Rankine CD, Penfold TJ. The photochemistry of Rydberg-excited cyclobutanone: Photoinduced processes and ground state dynamics. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:154301. [PMID: 38619456 DOI: 10.1063/5.0203597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Owing to ring strain, cyclic ketones exhibit complex excited state dynamics with multiple competing photochemical channels active on the ultrafast timescale. While the excited state dynamics of cyclobutanone after π* ← n excitation into the lowest-energy excited singlet (S1) state has been extensively studied, the dynamics following 3s ← n excitation into the higher-lying singlet Rydberg (S2) state are less well understood. Herein, we employ fully quantum multiconfigurational time-dependent Hartree (MCTDH) simulations using a model Hamiltonian as well as "on-the-fly" trajectory-based surface-hopping dynamics (TSHD) simulations to study the relaxation dynamics of cyclobutanone following 3s ← n excitation and to predict the ultrafast electron diffraction scattering signature of these relaxation dynamics. Our MCTDH and TSHD simulations indicate that relaxation from the initially-populated singlet Rydberg (S2) state occurs on the timescale of a few hundreds of femtoseconds to a picosecond, consistent with the symmetry-forbidden nature of the state-to-state transition involved. There is no obvious involvement of excited triplet states within the timeframe of our simulations (<2 ps). After non-radiative relaxation to the electronic ground state (S0), vibrationally hot cyclobutanone has sufficient internal energy to form multiple fragmented products including C2H4 + CH2CO (C2; 20%) and C3H6 + CO (C3; 2.5%). We discuss the limitations of our MCTDH and TSHD simulations, how these may influence the excited state dynamics we observe, and-ultimately-the predictive power of the simulated experimental observable.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Eng
- Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - C D Rankine
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - T J Penfold
- Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
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Catharine Craven B, Musselman K, Humphreys S, Walden K, Parsons J, Eapen J, Noonan VK, Cheng CL, Yousefi C, Chernesky J, Côté-Boileau É, Ibrahim N, Kalay AL, Kingston D, Clément L, Bayley M, Kua A, Patsakos E, Cheng C, Eng J, Ho C, Queree M, Farahani F, Flett H, Scovil C, Evbuomwan I, Athanasopoulos P, Wolf D, Ebsary S, McBride C, Adair B, Beaton N, Bury M, Cooper D, Dyer S, Howe S, Scott L, Stanley A. Transforming SCI rehabilitation care through innovation. J Spinal Cord Med 2021; 44:S5-S16. [PMID: 34779734 PMCID: PMC8604518 DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2021.1965449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- B. Catharine Craven
- Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association,Correspondence to: B. Catharine Craven, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, KITE Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M4G 3V9, Canada.
| | | | - Suzanne Humphreys
- PRAXIS Spinal Cord Institute for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - Kristen Walden
- PRAXIS Spinal Cord Institute for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - Jessica Parsons
- PRAXIS Spinal Cord Institute for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - Jessica Eapen
- PRAXIS Spinal Cord Institute for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - Vanessa K Noonan
- PRAXIS Spinal Cord Institute for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - Christiana L Cheng
- PRAXIS Spinal Cord Institute for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - Charlene Yousefi
- PRAXIS Spinal Cord Institute and the Health Standards Organization for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - John Chernesky
- PRAXIS Spinal Cord Institute and the Health Standards Organization for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - Élizabeth Côté-Boileau
- PRAXIS Spinal Cord Institute and the Health Standards Organization for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - Nadine Ibrahim
- PRAXIS Spinal Cord Institute and the Health Standards Organization for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - Anifa Luyinga Kalay
- PRAXIS Spinal Cord Institute and the Health Standards Organization for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - Darryl Kingston
- PRAXIS Spinal Cord Institute and the Health Standards Organization for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - Louise Clément
- PRAXIS Spinal Cord Institute and the Health Standards Organization for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - M. Bayley
- University Health Network Can-SCIP, Steering Committee for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - A. Kua
- University Health Network Can-SCIP, Steering Committee for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - E. Patsakos
- University Health Network Can-SCIP, Steering Committee for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - C. Cheng
- University Health Network Can-SCIP, Steering Committee for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - J. Eng
- University Health Network Can-SCIP, Steering Committee for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - C. Ho
- University Health Network Can-SCIP, Steering Committee for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - M. Queree
- University Health Network Can-SCIP, Steering Committee for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - Farnoosh Farahani
- Spinal Cord Injury Implementation and Evaluation Quality Care Consortium for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - Heather Flett
- Spinal Cord Injury Implementation and Evaluation Quality Care Consortium for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - Carol Scovil
- Spinal Cord Injury Implementation and Evaluation Quality Care Consortium for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - Ivie Evbuomwan
- Spinal Cord Injury Implementation and Evaluation Quality Care Consortium for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - Peter Athanasopoulos
- Spinal Cord Injury Implementation and Evaluation Quality Care Consortium for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - Dalton Wolf
- Spinal Cord Injury Implementation and Evaluation Quality Care Consortium for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - Sophie Ebsary
- Canadian Activity-Based Therapy Community of Practice for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - Christopher McBride
- Spinal Cord Injury Canada for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - Bill Adair
- Spinal Cord Injury Canada for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - Nancy Beaton
- Spinal Cord Injury Canada for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - Michael Bury
- Spinal Cord Injury Canada for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - Darlene Cooper
- Spinal Cord Injury Canada for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - Shaun Dyer
- Spinal Cord Injury Canada for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - Stuart Howe
- Spinal Cord Injury Canada for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - Launel Scott
- Spinal Cord Injury Canada for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
| | - Alan Stanley
- Spinal Cord Injury Canada for Canadian Spinal Cord Injury – Rehabilitation Association
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Luo J, Rizvi H, Preeshagul IR, Egger JV, Hoyos D, Bandlamudi C, McCarthy CG, Falcon CJ, Schoenfeld AJ, Arbour KC, Chaft JE, Daly RM, Drilon A, Eng J, Iqbal A, Lai WV, Li BT, Lito P, Namakydoust A, Ng K, Offin M, Paik PK, Riely GJ, Rudin CM, Yu HA, Zauderer MG, Donoghue MTA, Łuksza M, Greenbaum BD, Kris MG, Hellmann MD. COVID-19 in patients with lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2020; 31:1386-1396. [PMID: 32561401 PMCID: PMC7297689 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with lung cancers may have disproportionately severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes. Understanding the patient-specific and cancer-specific features that impact the severity of COVID-19 may inform optimal cancer care during this pandemic. PATIENTS AND METHODS We examined consecutive patients with lung cancer and confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 (n = 102) at a single center from 12 March 2020 to 6 May 2020. Thresholds of severity were defined a priori as hospitalization, intensive care unit/intubation/do not intubate ([ICU/intubation/DNI] a composite metric of severe disease), or death. Recovery was defined as >14 days from COVID-19 test and >3 days since symptom resolution. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles were inferred from MSK-IMPACT (n = 46) and compared with controls with lung cancer and no known non-COVID-19 (n = 5166). RESULTS COVID-19 was severe in patients with lung cancer (62% hospitalized, 25% died). Although severe, COVID-19 accounted for a minority of overall lung cancer deaths during the pandemic (11% overall). Determinants of COVID-19 severity were largely patient-specific features, including smoking status and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [odds ratio for severe COVID-19 2.9, 95% confidence interval 1.07-9.44 comparing the median (23.5 pack-years) to never-smoker and 3.87, 95% confidence interval 1.35-9.68, respectively]. Cancer-specific features, including prior thoracic surgery/radiation and recent systemic therapies did not impact severity. Human leukocyte antigen supertypes were generally similar in mild or severe cases of COVID-19 compared with non-COVID-19 controls. Most patients recovered from COVID-19, including 25% patients initially requiring intubation. Among hospitalized patients, hydroxychloroquine did not improve COVID-19 outcomes. CONCLUSION COVID-19 is associated with high burden of severity in patients with lung cancer. Patient-specific features, rather than cancer-specific features or treatments, are the greatest determinants of severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Luo
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - H Rizvi
- Druckenmiller Center for Lung Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - I R Preeshagul
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - J V Egger
- Druckenmiller Center for Lung Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - D Hoyos
- Computational Oncology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - C Bandlamudi
- Marie-Josee and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - C G McCarthy
- Druckenmiller Center for Lung Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - C J Falcon
- Druckenmiller Center for Lung Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - A J Schoenfeld
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - K C Arbour
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - J E Chaft
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - R M Daly
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - A Drilon
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - J Eng
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - A Iqbal
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - W V Lai
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - B T Li
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - P Lito
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - A Namakydoust
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - K Ng
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - M Offin
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - P K Paik
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - G J Riely
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - C M Rudin
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Druckenmiller Center for Lung Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - H A Yu
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - M G Zauderer
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - M T A Donoghue
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - M Łuksza
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - B D Greenbaum
- Computational Oncology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - M G Kris
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - M D Hellmann
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA.
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Chen G, Tzeng J, Tiss A, Turner S, Zhao X, Emerson D, Shiferaw J, Shemirani M, Novak S, Garvin D, Eng J, Rowley S, Fishbein T, Cui W. Environment monitoring in a cell therapy manufacturing facility – 3 year data analysis. Cytotherapy 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2019.03.399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Cao
- Chemistry- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - J. Eng
- Chemistry- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - T. J. Penfold
- Chemistry- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
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Abstract
Excited state energy transfer in disordered systems has attracted significant attention owing to the importance of this phenomenon in both artificial and natural systems that operate in electronically excited states. Of particular interest, especially in the context of organic electronics, is the dynamics of triplet excited states. Due to their weak coupling to the singlet manifold they can often act as low energy trapping sites and are therefore detrimental to device performance. Alternatively, by virtue of their long lifetime they can lead to enhanced diffusion lengths important for organic photovoltaics (OPV). Herein, we explore the triplet energy transfer mechanism from dichlorobenzene to thioxanthone in methanol solution. We rationalise previous experimental observations as arising from preferential population transfer into the lowest triplet state rather than the higher lying triplet state that is closer in energy. The reason for this is a delicate balance between the electronic coupling, reorganisation energy and the energy gap involved. The present results provide the understanding to potentially develop a hot exciton mechanism in materials for organic light emitting diodes (OLED) to achieve higher device efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Northey
- Chemistry-School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom.
| | - T Keane
- Chemistry-School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom.
| | - J Eng
- Chemistry-School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom.
| | - T J Penfold
- Chemistry-School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Thompson
- Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - J. Eng
- Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - T. J. Penfold
- Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
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Paik P, Srikakulum A, Ahn L, Plodkowski A, Ng K, Mcfarland D, Fiore J, Iqbal A, Eng J, Kris M, Rudin C. P1.03-028 A Phase II Trial of Albumin-Bound Paclitaxel and Gemcitabine in Patients with Untreated Stage IV Squamous Cell Lung Cancers. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Phua Z, Verma K, Eng J, Teo B, Tay L. Correlation between the ultrasonography and electrodiagnostic studies of patients in a south-east asia population with clinical ulnar neuropathy at elbow. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chen G, Desai C, Khan K, Tzeng J, Ma X, Tiss A, Turner S, Zhao X, Emerson D, Novak S, Eng J, Garvin D, Fishbein T, Cui W. A brief overview of the facility design and operations of MedStar Georgetown Islet Cell Lab. Cytotherapy 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.02.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hafezi-Nejad N, Guermazi A, Roemer FW, Eng J, Zikria B, Demehri S. Reply to the letter: Long term use of analgesics and risk of osteoarthritis progressions and knee replacement. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2017; 25:e3-e4. [PMID: 27621212 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N Hafezi-Nejad
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - A Guermazi
- Quantitative Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - F W Roemer
- Quantitative Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - J Eng
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - B Zikria
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Demehri
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Hong J, Eng J, Faught A, Higgins K, Cui Y, Yin F, Das S, Czito B, Willett C, Palta M. Interim FDG Positron Emission Tomography Imaging During Chemoradiation for Squamous Anal Canal Carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.1050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Hafezi-Nejad N, Guermazi A, Roemer FW, Eng J, Zikria B, Demehri S. Long term use of analgesics and risk of osteoarthritis progressions and knee replacement: propensity score matched cohort analysis of data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2016; 24:597-604. [PMID: 26564576 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the association between the long-term use of analgesics and progression of osteoarthritis (OA) as evidenced by up to 3-years follow-up worsening of radiographic Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade and incidence of knee replacement (KR). DESIGN Using nearest neighbor matching of the propensity scores with caliper in the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) cohort, 173 index (Analgesic +) and 173 referent (Analgesic -) subjects were included. Analgesic + and - subjects had analgesics in all and none of their visits, respectively. Analgesic + and - subjects were balanced in their demographics, baseline, first, second and third year body mass index (BMI), Western Ontario and McMaster (WOMAC) total score, Physical and Mental health summary scales (SF-12), Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) and Charleston Comorbidity Scale. Analgesic + and - subjects were also matched for baseline radiographic KL grade. Interval increase in the KL grade and incidence of KR were defined as the outcome. RESULTS Included subjects had average 6.5 years of follow-up. By the third year, 44 subjects had an interval increase in the KL grade; 29 in Analgesic + and 15 among Analgesic - subjects (P = 0.024). By the eighth-year, 41 subjects had their first KR; 29 in Analgesic + and 12 among Analgesic - subjects (P = 0.005). Hazard Ratio (HR) of OA progression and KR for Analgesic + subjects was 1.91 (1.02-3.57) and 2.57 (1.31-5.04), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Long-term use of analgesics may be associated with radiographic progression of knee OA and increased risk of future KR.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Hafezi-Nejad
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - A Guermazi
- Quantitative Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - F W Roemer
- Quantitative Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - J Eng
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - B Zikria
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Demehri
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Lam T, Pauhl K, Ferguson A, Malik R, Krassioukov A, Eng J. A new training paradigm using robot-applied resistance to enhance skilled walking in people with spinal cord injury. Physiotherapy 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.3700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Simpson L, Eng J, Klassen T, Lim S, Louie D, Parappilly B, Sakakibara B, Zbogar D. Capturing step counts at slow walking speeds in older adults: Comparison of ankle and waist placement of measuring device. J Rehabil Med 2015; 47:830-5. [DOI: 10.2340/16501977-1993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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16
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Eiting E, Lopez S, Harrison D, Eng J, Wilkes E. 27 Reduction in Jail Emergency Department Visits and Closure After Implementation of a New Jail Urgent Care Staffing Model. Ann Emerg Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2014.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Barmparas G, Liou D, Lu J, Eng J, Lee D, Fierro N, Ley E. Risk Of Abdominal Abscess Following Elective And Traumatic Splenectomy. J Surg Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.11.1047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
We report on a preterm male newborn with complete ectopia cordis associated with Cantrell's syndrome. The neonate had an ectopia cordis involving defects of the lower sternum, supraumbilical abdominal wall, anterior portion of the diaphragm, and diaphragmatic portion of the pericardium associated with complex congenital heart defects. The infant died shortly after birth. We discuss this case and review the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Puvabanditsin
- Department of Pediatrics, Rutgers-RWJ Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, US
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Chhabra A, Thakkar RS, Andreisek G, Chalian M, Belzberg AJ, Blakeley J, Hoke A, Thawait GK, Eng J, Carrino JA. Anatomic MR imaging and functional diffusion tensor imaging of peripheral nerve tumors and tumorlike conditions. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2013; 34:802-7. [PMID: 23124644 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE A number of benign and malignant peripheral nerve tumor and tumorlike conditions produce similar imaging features on conventional anatomic MR imaging. Functional MR imaging using DTI can increment the diagnostic performance in differentiation of these lesions. Our aim was to evaluate the role of 3T anatomic MR imaging and DTI in the characterization of peripheral nerve tumor and tumorlike conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-nine patients (13 men, 16 women; mean age, 41±18 years; range, 11-83 years) with a nerve tumor or tumorlike condition (25 benign, 5 malignant) underwent 3T MR imaging by using anatomic (n=29), functional diffusion, DWI (n=21), and DTI (n=24) techniques. Images were evaluated for image quality (3-point scale), ADC of the lesion, tractography, and fractional anisotropy of nerves with interobserver reliability in ADC and FA measurements. RESULTS No significant differences were observed in age (benign, 40±18 versus malignant, 45±19 years) and sex (benign, male/female=12:12 versus malignant, male/female=3:2) (P>.05). All anatomic (29/29, 100%) MR imaging studies received "good" quality; 20/21 (95%) DWI and 21/24 (79%) DTI studies received "good" quality. ADC of benign lesions (1.848±0.40×10(-3) mm2/s) differed from that of malignant lesions (0.900±0.25×10(-3) mm2/s, P<.001) with excellent interobserver reliability (ICC=0.988 [95% CI, 0.976-0.994]). There were no FA or ADC differences between men and women (P>.05). FA of involved nerves was lower than that in contralateral healthy nerves (P<.001) with excellent interobserver reliability (ICC=0.970 [95% CI, 0.946-0.991]). ADC on DTI and DWI was not statistically different (P>.05), with excellent intermethod reliability (ICC=0.943 [95% CI, 0.836-0.980]). Tractography differences were observed in benign and malignant lesions. CONCLUSIONS 3T MR imaging and DTI are valuable methods for anatomic and functional evaluation of peripheral nerve lesions with excellent interobserver reliability. While tractography and low FA provide insight into neural integrity, low diffusivity values indicate malignancy in neural masses.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Chhabra
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA.
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Rushton P, Miller W, Kirby R, Eng J. Measure for the assessment of confidence with manual wheelchair use (WheelCon-M) version 2.1: Reliability and validity. J Rehabil Med 2013; 45:61-7. [DOI: 10.2340/16501977-1069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Rajopadhyaya K, Dunn J, Copley S, Eng J, Beltrame J, Wilson D. Acute Endothelin-1-mediated Vasoconstriction Involves Rapid and Sustained Protein Kinase C and Rho Kinase Activation and Chronic Endothelin-1 Infusion Attenuated Thromboxane A2 and Serotonin Mediated Microvascular Constriction. Heart Lung Circ 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2012.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Wong S, Mills P, Tawashy A, Mikhail D, O'Connor R, Warburton D, Taunton J, Eng J, Campbell D, Krassioukov A. Autonomic function and symptoms of orthostatic hypotension in wheelchair athletes. Auton Neurosci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2011.05.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Struck LM, Eng J, Bent BE, Chabal YJ, Williams GP, White AE, Christman S, Chaban EE, Raghavachari K, Flynn GW, Radermacher K, Mantl S. Silicon Surface Chemistry By IR Spectroscopy in the Mid- To Far-IR Region: H2O And Ethanol On Si(100). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-386-395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTThe technique of external reflection infrared (IR) spectroscopy is used to study silicon surface chemistry. External reflection is enhanced by implanting a buried cobalt silicide layer in silicon to act as an infrared reflector. The preparation of clean well-ordered surfaces from the ion implanted substrates is demonstrated. The reactions of water and ethanol with Si(100) are investigated.
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Erichsen S, Eng J, Morgan HR. COMPARATIVE STUDIES IN ROUS SARCOMA WITH VIRUS, TUMOR CELLS, AND CHICK EMBRYO CELLS TRANSFORMED IN VITRO BY VIRUS : I. PRODUCTION OF MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 114:435-40. [PMID: 19867193 PMCID: PMC2180359 DOI: 10.1084/jem.114.4.435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The chick embryo fibroblast infected by Rous sarcoma virus in vitro acquires the capacity to produce the acid mucopolysaccharides which are found in the tumors caused by this virus and which are also produced by tumor cells in vitro. The transformed cell acquires synthetic as well as morphologic, metabolic, and proliferative properties characteristic of Rous sarcoma tumor cells in vivo and in vitro and the transformed cell may be analogous to the tumor cell produced by virus infection in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Erichsen
- Virus Department of the National Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway, and M. Herbert Eisenhart Tissue Culture Laboratory of the Department of Bacteriology, The University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York
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Tan S, Ji L, Tsai J, Eng J, Ko HJ, Yau A, Edwards G, Bunta A, Edwards BJ. Greater osteoporosis educational outreach is desirable among Chinese immigrants in Chinatown, Chicago. Osteoporos Int 2009; 20:1517-22. [PMID: 19148565 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-008-0828-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2008] [Accepted: 11/17/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Osteoporosis beliefs were assessed in immigrant Chinese women in Chinatown, Chicago. Results from a survey utilizing the Osteoporosis Health Belief Scale showed that women expressed concern about osteoporosis but lacked both knowledge of preventive care and health motivation. INTRODUCTION The objective of this study was to assess osteoporosis beliefs in immigrant Chinese women in Chinatown, Chicago. METHODS In a community-based health fair, osteoporosis knowledge and self-efficacy among postmenopausal Chinese immigrants were assessed using the translated Osteoporosis Health Belief Scale. Bone mineral density (BMD) was assessed with calcaneal ultrasound. RESULTS The study population included 94 women with mean age of 51 +/- 9 years, mean length of residence in the United States of 9 +/- 7 years, and 73% (n = 76) of whom were recent immigrants. Women expressed concern about the seriousness of osteoporosis and their relative susceptibility to osteoporosis. In particular, women with a prior fracture reported higher seriousness to osteoporosis. Nonetheless, women exhibited low health motivation and low awareness of the benefits of calcium and exercise. Bone densitometry results corresponded to a T score of -1.2 +/- 1.5. Multiple regression analysis revealed that a younger age and longer length of residence in the USA were associated with higher BMD. CONCLUSION Chinese immigrant women in Chicago exhibit concern regarding osteoporosis, but are unaware of the benefits of calcium and exercise, and exhibit low health motivation. Chinese women in Chinatown lack necessary knowledge about osteoporosis to develop adequate self-efficacy. Public health initiatives should be undertaken among recent immigrant Chinese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tan
- Bone Health and Osteoporosis Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 645 North Michigan Avenue, Suite 630, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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Eng J. Studies on the complement fixation test with Mycoplasma pneumoniae antigen. 5. Time pattern of not cell-bound antigen in broth culture. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand B Microbiol Immunol 2009; 78:101-5. [PMID: 5268181 DOI: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1970.tb04274.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Eng J. Immune precipitation of not cell-bound antigen of Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand B Microbiol Immunol 2009; 79:754-8. [PMID: 5003325 DOI: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1971.tb00107.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Eng J. Studies on the complement fixation test with Mycoplasma pneumoniae antigen. 6. Preparation of cell antigens with low contents of medium constituents. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand B Microbiol Immunol 2009; 79:107-16. [PMID: 4995774 DOI: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1971.tb00040.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Eng J, Froholm O. Immune electron microscopy of not cell-bound antigen of Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand B Microbiol Immunol 2009; 79:759-63. [PMID: 5290405 DOI: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1971.tb00108.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Salzmann W, Mullins T, Eng J, Albert M, Wester R, Weidemüller M, Merli A, Weber SM, Sauer F, Plewicki M, Weise F, Wöste L, Lindinger A. Coherent transients in the femtosecond photoassociation of ultracold molecules. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 100:233003. [PMID: 18643493 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.233003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the photoassociation of ultracold rubidium dimers using coherent femtosecond pulses. Starting from a cloud of ultracold rubidium atoms, electronically excited rubidium molecules are formed with shaped photoassociation pump pulses. The excited state molecules are projected with a time-delayed probe pulse onto molecular ion states which are detected in a mass spectrometer. Coherent transient oscillations of the excited state population are observed in the wings of the pump pulse, in agreement with the time-dependent solution of the Schrödinger equation of the excitation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Salzmann
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
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Hwang SI, Thumar J, Lundgren DH, Rezaul K, Mayya V, Wu L, Eng J, Wright ME, Han DK. Direct cancer tissue proteomics: a method to identify candidate cancer biomarkers from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded archival tissues. Oncogene 2006; 26:65-76. [PMID: 16799640 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1209755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Successful treatment of multiple cancer types requires early detection and identification of reliable biomarkers present in specific cancer tissues. To test the feasibility of identifying proteins from archival cancer tissues, we have developed a methodology, termed direct tissue proteomics (DTP), which can be used to identify proteins directly from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded prostate cancer tissue samples. Using minute prostate biopsy sections, we demonstrate the identification of 428 prostate-expressed proteins using the shotgun method. Because the DTP method is not quantitative, we employed the absolute quantification method and demonstrate picogram level quantification of prostate-specific antigen. In depth bioinformatics analysis of these expressed proteins affords the categorization of metabolic pathways that may be important for distinct stages of prostate carcinogenesis. Furthermore, we validate Wnt-3 as an upregulated protein in cancerous prostate cells by immunohistochemistry. We propose that this general strategy provides a roadmap for successful identification of critical molecular targets of multiple cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-I Hwang
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
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Kumbasar B, Kamel IR, Tekes A, Eng J, Fishman EK, Wahl RL. Imaging of neuroendocrine tumors: accuracy of helical CT versus SRS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 29:696-702. [PMID: 15162235 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-003-0162-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2003] [Accepted: 01/14/2004] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We retrospectively compared the accuracy of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SRS) with that of helical computed tomography (CT) in the detection and localization of primary and metastatic neuroendocrine tumors. METHODS A medical record search identified 27 patients with known or clinically suspected neuroendocrine tumors who underwent helical CT and SRS within 3 months of one another at our institution. CT images were evaluated retrospectively by two blinded radiologists who used consensus reading. Images were evaluated for the presence or absence of primary tumor and hepatic and extrahepatic metastases. CT results were compared with the SRS report as interpreted by the nuclear medicine physicians. The results of the surgical, clinical follow-up, and pathologic findings were considered as the gold standard. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were calculated for both imaging techniques. In addition, McNemar analysis was performed to determine statistically significant differences between CT and SRS. RESULTS Helical CT was more sensitive than SRS in the detection of extrahepatic metastases, and the difference between the two imaging modalities was statistically significant (p = 0.0312) as determined by the McNemar chi-square test. However, the difference between CT and SRS in detecting primary neuroendocrine tumors, hepatic metastasis, and combined hepatic and extrahepatic metastasis was not statistically significant (p = 0.625, 1.000, and 1.000, respectively). CONCLUSION Helical CT and SRS have similar sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in detecting primary neuroendocrine tumor and hepatic metastasis. However, helical CT appears to be more sensitive in detecting extrahepatic metastasis from primary neuroendocrine tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kumbasar
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 601 North Caroline Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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Krishnan JA, Segal JB, Streiff MB, Bolger DT, Eng J, Jenckes MW, Tamariz LJ, Bass EB. Treatment of venous thromboembolism with low-molecular-weight heparin: a synthesis of the evidence published in systematic literature reviews. Respir Med 2004; 98:376-86. [PMID: 15139566 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2004.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the methodology and cumulative evidence presented in systematic reviews of clinical trials comparing low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) with unfractionated heparin (UFH) for the treatment of venous thromboembolism. METHODS We reviewed all systematic reviews of clinical trials published until March 2002. Fourteen systematic literature reviews were published between 1994 and 2000. Deficiencies in methodological quality were common, particularly in the description of search strategies, assessment of clinical trial quality, and methods used to combine results. RESULTS Results of reviews indicate that LMWH is superior to UFH for the treatment of venous thromboembolism, particularly in reducing mortality. Patients with isolated deep venous thrombosis or deep venous thrombosis with concomitant pulmonary embolism seemed to have similar benefit. However, the benefits of LMWH over UFH were smaller in magnitude in reviews that included more recent clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Krishnan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.
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Segal JB, Eng J, Jenckes MW, Tamariz LJ, Bolger DT, Krishnan JA, Streiff MB, Harris KA, Feuerstein CJ, Bass EB. Diagnosis and treatment of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Evid Rep Technol Assess (Summ) 2003:1-6. [PMID: 12674745 PMCID: PMC4781584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
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Jabra AA, Eng J, Zaleski CG, Abdenour GE, Vuong HV, Aideyan UO, Fishman EK. CT of small-bowel obstruction in children: sensitivity and specificity. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2001; 177:431-6. [PMID: 11461877 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.177.2.1770431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED OBJECTIVE.:The aim of this study was to determine the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of CT in the diagnosis of small-bowel obstruction in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS The CT scans of 30 children with surgically proven small-bowel obstruction, 22 children with ileus, and 29 children who served as controls were retrospectively reviewed by two of four interpreters who were unaware of the children's final diagnoses. Causes of obstruction in the patients included 19 adhesions, six cases of volvulus, five intussusceptions, four strictures, and two cases each of internal hernia and abscess. Eight obstructions had multiple causes. The CT scans were evaluated for the presence of small-bowel obstruction using a scale with five degrees of confidence. In cases of discrepancy of more than one level of certainty, a third interpreter was consulted. Criteria for small-bowel obstruction included a discrepancy in caliber between the proximal dilated and the more distal small bowels or generalized small-bowel dilatation (>2.5 cm) in the presence of a collapsed colon. An interpreter's rating that an obstruction was either present or probable was considered a positive finding; a rating indicating that the interpreter was not sure whether an obstruction was present or believed that an obstruction was not probable or saw normal anatomic structures was considered a negative finding for small-bowel obstruction. The cause and level of obstruction also were recorded. RESULTS There were 26 true-positive (87%) and four false-negative (13%) interpretations for small-bowel obstruction. Among the interpretations of scans of patients with ileus, 68% were true-negative and 32% were false-positive interpretations for small-bowel obstruction. Among the control group, there were no false-positive readings. Sensitivity of CT was 87%, specificity was 86%, and accuracy was 86%. In the scans of children 2 years and younger, CT had a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 0%. Of the patients with surgically confirmed levels of obstruction, the correct level of obstruction was described by both interpreters in 12 (86%) of 14 scans. The causes of obstruction were correctly identified in 14 (47%) of 30 scans. CONCLUSION CT is both sensitive and specific for use in diagnosing small-bowel obstruction in children, especially in children older than 2 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Jabra
- Department of Radiology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Jackson Memorial Medical Center, West Wing 279, 1611 N.W. 12th Ave., Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Abstract
As computer networks become an integral part of the radiology practice, it is appropriate to raise concerns regarding their security. The purpose of this article is to present an overview of computer network security risks and preventive strategies as they pertain to the radiology enterprise. A number of technologies are available that provide strong deterrence against attacks on networks and networked computer systems in the radiology enterprise. While effective, these technologies must be supplemented with vigilant user and system management.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Eng
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
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Dongre AR, Kovats S, deRoos P, McCormack AL, Nakagawa T, Paharkova-Vatchkova V, Eng J, Caldwell H, Yates JR, Rudensky AY. In vivo MHC class II presentation of cytosolic proteins revealed by rapid automated tandem mass spectrometry and functional analyses. Eur J Immunol 2001; 31:1485-94. [PMID: 11465105 DOI: 10.1002/1521-4141(200105)31:5<1485::aid-immu1485>3.0.co;2-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We report a strategy for high through-put sequence analyses of large MHC class II-bound peptide repertoires which combines automated electrospray ionization tandem mass-spectrometry with computer-assisted interpretation of the tandem mass spectra using the algorithm SEQUEST. This powerful approach discerned 128 peptide sequences displayed by the murine MHC class II molecule I-Ab in activated B cells and macrophages, including a surprisingly large number of peptides derived from self cytosolic proteins. Mice lacking the chaperone molecule H-2M were used to generate T cells specific for selected self peptides. Functional T cell analyses of ex vivo antigen-presenting cells indicated that peptides originating from cytosolic proteins are efficiently presented by splenic and thymic dendritic cells, but less so by resting B cells or thymic cortical epithelial cells. These results suggest that central tolerance to at least some MHC class II-bound self peptides derived from cytosolic proteins exists in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Dongre
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle 98195, USA
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Civelek AC, Wang EA, Barr L, Urban BA, Eng J. Asymptomatic large main pulmonary artery thromboembolism with a low-probability ventilation-perfusion lung scan. Clin Nucl Med 2001; 26:216-20. [PMID: 11245113 DOI: 10.1097/00003072-200103000-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of the interpretation of low-probability lung scans in asymptomatic patients with large central pulmonary embolisms and the prognostic implication of the ventilation-perfusion scan appearance in this clinical setting is not documented.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Civelek
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Out Patient Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21287-0817, USA.
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Kuszyk BS, Boitnott JK, Choti MA, Bluemke DA, Sheth S, Magee CA, Horton KM, Eng J, Fishman EK. Local tumor recurrence following hepatic cryoablation: radiologic-histopathologic correlation in a rabbit model. Radiology 2000; 217:477-86. [PMID: 11058649 DOI: 10.1148/radiology.217.2.r00nv41477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To use radiologic-histopathologic correlation in an animal model to distinguish normal postoperative findings from evidence of residual tumor after cryoablation of malignant hepatic tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hepatic cryoablation was performed in 12 rabbits with VX2 tumors and in two healthy rabbits. Nonenhanced and dynamic contrast material-enhanced computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and power and color Doppler flow ultrasonography (US) were performed 7-8 days after cryoablation. Histopathologic findings were correlated with imaging findings. RESULTS Twenty tumors of 5-20 mm (mean, 10 mm) and seven areas of normal liver were treated with cryolesions of 11-21 mm (mean, 15 mm). All cryolesions exhibited arterial phase rim enhancement at CT and MR imaging, and 13 (57%) of 23 lesions demonstrated peripheral flow at US because of granulation tissue. There was macroscopic recurrence in 15 (75%) of 20 treated tumors; 14 (93%) appeared as peripheral nodularity with low-grade enhancement. Necrotic tissue did not enhance. Intact vessels extended up to 6 mm inside cryolesion margins and caused focal internal enhancement and Doppler flow. Areas of high signal intensity on T2-weighted MR images correlated with liquefaction necrosis, granulation tissue, and tumor. CONCLUSION In this animal model, recurrent tumor typically appeared as focal nodules at the cryolesion periphery. Rim and central foci of enhancement, Doppler flow, and increased signal intensity on T2-weighted MR images can be normal findings after hepatic cryoablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Kuszyk
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimorem MD 21287, USA
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Eng J, Mysko WK, Weller GE, Renard R, Gitlin JN, Bluemke DA, Magid D, Kelen GD, Scott WW. Interpretation of Emergency Department radiographs: a comparison of emergency medicine physicians with radiologists, residents with faculty, and film with digital display. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2000; 175:1233-8. [PMID: 11044013 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.175.5.1751233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We determined the relative value of teleradiology and radiology resident coverage of the emergency department by measuring and comparing the effects of physician specialty, training level, and image display method on accuracy of radiograph interpretation. MATERIALS AND METHODS A sample of four faculty emergency medicine physicians, four emergency medicine residents, four faculty radiologists, and four radiology residents participated in our study. Each physician interpreted 120 radiographs, approximately half containing a clinically important index finding. Radiographs were interpreted using the original films and high-resolution digital monitors. Accuracy of radiograph interpretation was measured as the area under the physicians' receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. RESULTS The area under the ROC curve was 0.15 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.10-0.20) greater for radiologists than for emergency medicine physicians, 0.07 (95% CI, 0.02-0.12) greater for faculty than for residents, and 0.07 (95% CI, 0.02-0.12) greater for films than for video monitors. Using these results, we estimated that teleradiology coverage by faculty radiologists would add 0.09 (95% CI, 0.03-0.15) to the area under the ROC curve for radiograph interpretation by emergency medicine faculty alone, and radiology resident coverage would add 0.08 (95% CI, 0.02-0.14) to this area. CONCLUSION We observed significant differences between the interpretation of radiographs on film and on digital monitors. However, we observed differences of equal or greater magnitude associated with the training level and physician specialty of each observer. In evaluating teleradiology services, observer characteristics must be considered in addition to the quality of image display.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Eng
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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Curry CA, Eng J, Horton KM, Urban B, Siegelman S, Kuszyk BS, Fishman EK. CT of primary cystic pancreatic neoplasms: can CT be used for patient triage and treatment? AJR Am J Roentgenol 2000; 175:99-103. [PMID: 10882255 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.175.1.1750099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine whether CT can be used to distinguish serous cystadenomas from mucinous cystadenomas or cystadenocarcinomas of the pancreas and play an enhanced role in patient triage and treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS A blinded retrospective analysis of CT scans from 50 patients with pathologically proven primary cystic pancreatic neoplasms was performed independently by three radiologists. Using classic CT criteria as reported in the literature, each tumor was categorized as definitely serous, mucinous, or indeterminate. Tumor location, size, presence of calcification, and size of largest cyst were recorded. Data for each reviewer were analyzed independently. Consensus data were then subjected to multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The ability of our reviewers to diagnose serous neoplasms ranged from 23% to 41%. Eight mucinous neoplasms were mistaken for serous tumors by two of the three reviewers. When consensus between at least two of the three reviewers was used for diagnosis, 27% of serous neoplasms were correctly diagnosed and all of the mucinous tumors were correctly identified as uncertain or mucinous, yielding the same clinical end point. For multivariate logistic regression analysis, a cyst smaller than 2 cm had a statistically significant association (p = 0.005) with serous tumors, and the presence of peripheral tumoral calcification had a statistically significant association (p = 0.01) with mucinous tumors. CONCLUSION There is significant variability in the CT appearance of serous and mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas, making CT an insensitive tool for differentiating these tumors. All tumors with peripheral calcifications were identified as mucinous neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Curry
- Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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Rodriquez de Fonseca F, Navarro M, Alvarez E, Roncero I, Chowen JA, Maestre O, Gómez R, Muñoz RM, Eng J, Blázquez E. Peripheral versus central effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists on satiety and body weight loss in Zucker obese rats. Metabolism 2000; 49:709-17. [PMID: 10877194 DOI: 10.1053/meta.2000.6251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The present study explores the potential utility of peripheral versus central administration of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists in the regulation of feeding behavior in Wistar and Zucker obese rats. Acute central (intracerebroventricular [i.c.v.]) and peripheral (subcutaneous [s.c.]) administration of both GLP-1 (7-36) amide and exendin-4 resulted in a reduction in food intake for at least 4 hours, exendin-4 being much more potent than GLP-1 (7-36) amide, especially after peripheral administration. Both Zucker obese rats (fa/fa) and their lean littermates (Fa/-) responded to acute central and peripheral administration of exendin-4. Moreover, in situ hybridization revealed specific labeling for the mRNA for GLP-1 receptors in several brain areas of both the obese and lean rats. The presence of this receptor was also detected by affinity cross-linking assays. Long-term s.c. administration of exendin-4 (1 single injection per day, 1 hour prior to the onset of the dark phase of the cycle) decreased daily food intake and practically blocked weight gain in obese rats. In contrast to previous studies, these findings show that peripheral (s.c.) administration of both GLP-1 receptor agonists also induces satiety and weight loss in rats, and suggest the potential usefulness of exendin-4 as a therapeutic tool for the treatment of diabetes and/or obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Rodriquez de Fonseca
- Department of Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
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McLean-Muse A, Montgomery WW, Hillman RE, Varvares M, Bunting G, Doyle P, Eng J. Montgomery Thyroplasty Implant for vocal fold immobility: phonatory outcomes. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2000; 109:393-400. [PMID: 10778895 DOI: 10.1177/000348940010900410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Forty-three patients with a diagnosis of unilateral vocal fold immobility underwent thyroplasty type I with the Montgomery Thyroplasty Implant System. Preoperative and postoperative evaluations were completed by means of videostroboscopic, acoustic, and aerodynamic measures. Clinicians' perceptions of vocal quality and patients' satisfaction with the surgery and vocal quality were determined. Improvements after surgery were observed for glottal closure, vocal fold amplitude, mucosal wave activity, average intensity, maximum intensity range, maximum phonation time, glottal airflow, average sound pressure, and subglottal pressure. Average postsurgical fundamental frequency values fell within normal limits and did not display significant changes relative to presurgical values. The clinicians' perceptual evaluations indicated an improvement in voice quality for most patients. A majority of patients expressed satisfaction with the surgery and resulting voice quality. The results of the present study, in combination with the surgical advantages that have been described for the Montgomery Thyroplasty Implant System, support the view that this approach offers an attractive alternative for treating unilateral vocal fold immobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- A McLean-Muse
- Voice and Speech Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, USA
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Caugant DA, Sandven P, Eng J, Jeque JT, Tønjum T. Detection of rifampin resistance among isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Mozambique. Microb Drug Resist 2000; 1:321-6. [PMID: 9158803 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.1995.1.321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Rifampin resistance in respiratory isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Mozambique was detected by screening for point mutations using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequence analysis. The target template was a 350-bp fragment of rpoB encoding the beta-subunit of the RNA polymerase. Of the 66 strains studied, 38 were rifampin resistant by susceptibility testing with the radiometric method, 3 were intermediately resistant, and 25 were susceptible to rifampin. In 39 of the 41 rifampin-resistant strains, base-substitutions in the rpoB fragment were detected, and a total of 13 distinct mutations affecting 6 amino acids were observed. One of these mutations (His-->Thr in amino acid 526) was not previously described. The isolates were also investigated by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis using the insertion element IS6110 as a hybridization probe. A total of 47 RFLP patterns were identified, with up to 9 isolates having the same RFLP pattern. Strains with the same RFLP pattern harbored different mutations in rpoB, suggesting that acquisition of rifampin resistance followed the spread of a rifampin-susceptible clone. The data showed that rifampin resistance can be detected with a high sensitivity by DNA sequence analysis of this fragment of rpoB. However, a few strains with rifampin resistance due to factors other than base substitutions in rpoB could be missed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Caugant
- Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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Seeley RJ, Blake K, Rushing PA, Benoit S, Eng J, Woods SC, D'Alessio D. The role of CNS glucagon-like peptide-1 (7-36) amide receptors in mediating the visceral illness effects of lithium chloride. J Neurosci 2000; 20:1616-21. [PMID: 10662851 PMCID: PMC6772354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral administration of large doses of lithium chloride (LiCl) to rats causes a spectrum of effects that are consistent with visceral illness. LiCl reduces food intake, decreases salt ingestion after sodium depletion, induces pica, and produces robust conditioned taste aversions. Because some of the effects of peripheral LiCl are mimicked by centrally administered glucagon-like peptide-1 (7-36) amide (GLP-1), we hypothesized that this peptide is involved in the neural pathways by which LiCl causes visceral illness. To test this hypothesis, we pretreated rats with a selective and potent GLP-1 receptor antagonist given directly into the third ventricle via an indwelling cannula before administration of peripheral LiCl. The GLP-1 receptor antagonist completely blocked the effect of LiCl to reduce food intake, induce pica, and produce a conditioned taste aversion. The same dose of GLP-1 receptor antagonist did not reverse the LiCl-induced reduction in NaCl intake. The data indicate a role for GLP-1 receptors in the CNS pathway that mediates some of the effects of visceral illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Seeley
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0559, USA.
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Raghavachari K, Eng J. New structural model for Si/SiO2 interfaces derived from spherosiloxane clusters: implications for Si 2p photoemission spectroscopy. Phys Rev Lett 2000; 84:935-938. [PMID: 11017409 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.84.935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In this Letter, we investigate the Si/SiO(2) interface structure formed by the chemisorption of H8Si8O12 and other spherosiloxane clusters on Si(100). Using transition state calculations, we clearly demonstrate that the clusters do not bond to the Si(100) surface via single vertex attachment as proposed previously, but rather attach via Si-O bond cleavage. This alternative cracked cluster geometry allows us to predict the photoemission features of spherosiloxane clusters on Si(100) without invoking second nearest neighbor effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Raghavachari
- Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies, Murray Hill, New Jersey 07974, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this work was to determine normal contrast enhancement of the small bowel with biphasic spiral CT, using water as oral contrast agent. METHOD Biphasic spiral CT was performed in 50 healthy patients undergoing evaluation as potential renal donors. All patients received 500 ml of water as oral contrast agent and 150 ml of Omnipaque 350 administered by mechanical injector at a rate of 3 ml/s. Dual phase CT of the abdomen was performed in each patient. Acquisition of early phase images began 30 s after the start of the intravenous injection, and portal phase images were obtained 60 s after initiation of the contrast agent injection. Attenuation measurements (in Hounsfield units) were obtained from the wall of the small bowel (duodenum, jejunum, ileum) in both the arterial and the portal phases. RESULTS During the arterial phase, the mean (95% confidence interval) attenuation of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum was 120 (+/- 5), 119 (+/- 5), and 118 (+/- 5) HU, respectively. During the portal phase, the average attenuation of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum was 111 (+/- 4), 111 (+/- 3), and 107 (+/- 3) HU, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the attenuation of the duodenum, jejunum, or ileum within either the arterial or the portal venous phases. There was a statistically significant difference in small bowel enhancement between the arterial and portal venous phases. CONCLUSION There is no important variation in small bowel attenuation during the 30 and 60 s scanning phases. This study serves as a normal reference that may be helpful when spiral CT is used to evaluate ischemic bowel or inflammatory small bowel diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Horton
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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Krishnamurthy T, Rajamani U, Ross PL, Eng J, Davis M, Lee TD, Stahl DS, Yates J. Bacterial Typing and Identification by Mass Spectrometry. ACS Symposium Series 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2000-0745.ch006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Krishnamurthy
- R&T Directorate, U.S. Army Edgewood RDE Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010
| | - U. Rajamani
- Geo-Centers, Inc., Gunpowder Branch, P.O. Box 68, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010
| | - P. L. Ross
- R&T Directorate, U.S. Army Edgewood RDE Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010
| | - J. Eng
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - M. Davis
- Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - T. D. Lee
- Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - D. S. Stahl
- Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - J. Yates
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
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