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Ruberte J, Schofield PN, Sundberg JP, Rodriguez-Baeza A, Carretero A, McKerlie C. Bridging mouse and human anatomies; a knowledge-based approach to comparative anatomy for disease model phenotyping. Mamm Genome 2023:10.1007/s00335-023-10005-4. [PMID: 37421464 PMCID: PMC10382392 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-023-10005-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
The laboratory mouse is the foremost mammalian model used for studying human diseases and is closely anatomically related to humans. Whilst knowledge about human anatomy has been collected throughout the history of mankind, the first comprehensive study of the mouse anatomy was published less than 60 years ago. This has been followed by the more recent publication of several books and resources on mouse anatomy. Nevertheless, to date, our understanding and knowledge of mouse anatomy is far from being at the same level as that of humans. In addition, the alignment between current mouse and human anatomy nomenclatures is far from being as developed as those existing between other species, such as domestic animals and humans. To close this gap, more in depth mouse anatomical research is needed and it will be necessary to extent and refine the current vocabulary of mouse anatomical terms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Ruberte
- Center for Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Paul N Schofield
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - John P Sundberg
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Ana Carretero
- Center for Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Colin McKerlie
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Lab Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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2
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Bonet A, Pampalona J, Jose-Cunilleras E, Nacher V, Ruberte J. Ferritin But Not Iron Increases in Retina Upon Systemic Iron Overload in Diabetic and Iron-Dextran Injected Mice. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:22. [PMID: 36912597 PMCID: PMC10019492 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.3.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Iron overload causes oxidative damage in the retina, and it has been involved in the pathogeny of diabetic retinopathy, which is one of the leading causes of blindness in the adult population worldwide. However, how systemic iron enters the retina during diabetes and the role of blood retinal barrier (BRB) in this process remains unclear. Methods The db/db mouse, a well-known model of type 2 diabetes, and a model of systemic iron overload induced by iron dextran intraperitoneal injection, were used. Perls staining and mass spectrophotometry were used to study iron content. Western blot and immunohistochemistry of iron handling proteins were performed to study systemic and retinal iron metabolism. BRB function was assessed by analyzing vascular leakage in fundus angiographies, whole retinas, and retinal sections and by studying the status of tight junctions using transmission electron microscopy and Western blot analysis. Results Twenty-week-old db/db mice with systemic iron overload presented ferritin overexpression without iron increase in the retina and did not show any sign of BRB breakdown. These findings were also observed in iron dextran-injected mice. In those animals, after BRB breakdown induced by cryopexy, iron entered massively in the retina. Conclusions Our results suggested that BRB protects the retina from excessive iron entry in early stages of diabetic retinopathy. Furthermore, ferritin overexpression before iron increase may prepare the retina for a potential BRB breakdown and iron entry from the systemic circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aina Bonet
- Centre for Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Judit Pampalona
- Centre for Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Eduard Jose-Cunilleras
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Víctor Nacher
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Jesús Ruberte
- Centre for Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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3
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Aragón-Navas A, Rodrigo MJ, Garcia-Herranz D, Martinez T, Subias M, Mendez S, Ruberte J, Pampalona J, Bravo-Osuna I, Garcia-Feijoo J, Pablo LE, Garcia-Martin E, Herrero-Vanrell R. Mimicking chronic glaucoma over 6 months with a single intracameral injection of dexamethasone/fibronectin-loaded PLGA microspheres. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:2357-2374. [PMID: 35904152 PMCID: PMC9341346 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2096712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
To create a chronic glaucoma animal model by a single intracameral injection of biodegradable poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) microspheres (Ms) co-loaded with dexamethasone and fibronectin (MsDexaFibro). MsDexaFibro were prepared by a water-in-oil-in-water emulsion method including dexamethasone in the organic phase and fibronectin in the inner aqueous phase. To create the chronic glaucoma model, an interventionist and longitudinal animal study was performed using forty-five Long Evans rats (4-week-old). Rats received a single intracameral injection of MsDexafibro suspension (10%w/v) in the right eye. Ophthalmological parameters such as clinical signs, intraocular pressure (IOP), neuro-retinal functionality by electroretinography (ERG), retinal structural analysis by optical coherence tomography (OCT), and histology were evaluated up to six months. According to the results obtained, the model proposed was able to induce IOP increasing in both eyes over the study, higher in the injected eyes up to 6 weeks (p < 0.05), while preserving the ocular surface. OCT quantified progressive neuro-retinal degeneration (mainly in the retinal nerve fiber layer) in both eyes but higher in the injected eye. Ganglion cell functionality decreased in injected eyes, thus smaller amplitudes in PhNR were detected by ERG. In conclusion, a new chronic glaucoma animal model was created by a single injection of MsDexaFibro very similar to open-angle glaucoma occurring in humans. This model would impact in different fields such as ophthalmology, allowing long period of study of this pathology; pharmacology, evaluating the neuroprotective activity of active compounds; and pharmaceutical technology, allowing the correct evaluation of the efficacy of long-term sustained ocular drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Aragón-Navas
- Complutense University, Innovation, Therapy and Pharmaceutical Development in Ophthalmology (InnOftal) Research Group, UCM 920415, Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid Spain, Health Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Grupo de Investigación Innovación Farmacéutica en Oftalmología, Madrid, Spain
| | - María J Rodrigo
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,National Ocular Pathology Network (OFTARED) Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Garcia-Herranz
- Complutense University, Innovation, Therapy and Pharmaceutical Development in Ophthalmology (InnOftal) Research Group, UCM 920415, Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid Spain, Health Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Grupo de Investigación Innovación Farmacéutica en Oftalmología, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Martinez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Manuel Subias
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Silvia Mendez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jesús Ruberte
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Judit Pampalona
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Irene Bravo-Osuna
- Complutense University, Innovation, Therapy and Pharmaceutical Development in Ophthalmology (InnOftal) Research Group, UCM 920415, Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid Spain, Health Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Grupo de Investigación Innovación Farmacéutica en Oftalmología, Madrid, Spain.,National Ocular Pathology Network (OFTARED) Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julian Garcia-Feijoo
- National Ocular Pathology Network (OFTARED) Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Ophthalmology, San Carlos Clinical Hospital, Health Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis E Pablo
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,National Ocular Pathology Network (OFTARED) Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Garcia-Martin
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,National Ocular Pathology Network (OFTARED) Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Herrero-Vanrell
- Complutense University, Innovation, Therapy and Pharmaceutical Development in Ophthalmology (InnOftal) Research Group, UCM 920415, Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid Spain, Health Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Grupo de Investigación Innovación Farmacéutica en Oftalmología, Madrid, Spain.,National Ocular Pathology Network (OFTARED) Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
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4
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Bonet A, Pampalona J, Segarra I, Ruberte J. Diabetic db/db mouse presents intravitreal vessels protruding from the optic disc. Acta Ophthalmol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2022.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aina Bonet
- Centre for Animal Biotechnology and gene Therapy Barcelona Spain
| | - Judit Pampalona
- Centre for Animal Biotechnology and gene Therapy Barcelona Spain
| | | | - Jesús Ruberte
- Centre for Animal Biotechnology and gene Therapy Barcelona Spain
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5
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Rodrigo MJ, Garcia-Herranz D, Aragón-Navas A, Subias M, Martinez-Rincón T, Mendez-Martínez S, Cardiel MJ, García-Feijoo J, Ruberte J, Herrero-Vanrell R, Pablo L, Garcia-Martin E, Bravo-Osuna I. Long-term corticosteroid-induced chronic glaucoma model produced by intracameral injection of dexamethasone-loaded PLGA microspheres. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:2427-2446. [PMID: 34763590 PMCID: PMC8592597 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2021.1998245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate a new chronic glaucoma model produced by intracameral injection of dexamethasone-loaded poly lactic-co-glycolic acid microspheres (Dex-PLGA-Ms) over six months. METHODS Healthy rats received two injections (at baseline and Week 4) of Dex-PLGA-Ms into the anterior chamber of the right eye. Clinical signs and intraocular pressure (IOP) were weekly recorded. The structure of the retina and optic nerve was in vivo evaluated using optical coherence tomography (OCT) every two weeks and functionally using dark- and light-adapted electroretinography at 0-12-24 weeks. Histological studies were also performed. RESULTS IOP progressively increased up to hypertension (23.22 ± 3.63 mmHg) in both eyes but did so later in left eyes. OCT quantified a decrease in full-thickness retina posterior pole (R), retinal-nerve-fiber layer (RNFL), and ganglion-cell layer (GCL) thickness up to 24 weeks. Right eyes showed higher neuroretinal thickness loss up to week 8. RNFL experienced the highest percentage thickness loss at the inferior-superior axis, while in GCL the inner sectors of the horizontal axis (Nasal-Temporal) suffered the greatest decrease in thickness. Retinal ganglion cell, photoreceptor, and intermediate cell functionality decreased over time. Increased deposition of collagen IV was also found in zonular fibers and the ciliary body. CONCLUSIONS This work shows the usefulness of drug delivery systems, not to treat pathology but to induce it. Only two injections of Dex-PLGA-Ms in the anterior chamber of rat eyes were enough to progressively create ocular hypertension and subsequent functional and structural neuroretinal degeneration, at least over 6 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Rodrigo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain.,Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Research Group (GIMSO), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain.,National Ocular Pathology Network (OFTARED), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - D Garcia-Herranz
- Complutense University of Madrid. Innovation, Therapy and Pharmaceutical Development in Ophthalmology (InnOftal) Research Group, UCM 920415, Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain.,Health Research Institute, San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - A Aragón-Navas
- Complutense University of Madrid. Innovation, Therapy and Pharmaceutical Development in Ophthalmology (InnOftal) Research Group, UCM 920415, Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain.,Health Research Institute, San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Subias
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain.,Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Research Group (GIMSO), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - T Martinez-Rincón
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain.,Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Research Group (GIMSO), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - S Mendez-Martínez
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain.,Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Research Group (GIMSO), University of Zaragoza, Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - M J Cardiel
- Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Research Group (GIMSO), University of Zaragoza, Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Lozano Blesa University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - J García-Feijoo
- Complutense University of Madrid. Innovation, Therapy and Pharmaceutical Development in Ophthalmology (InnOftal) Research Group, UCM 920415. National Ocular Pathology Network (OFTARED), Carlos III Health Institute, Spain.,Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Inmunología, Oftalmología y ORL, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Ruberte
- Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy Centre (CBATEG), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Networked Biomedical Research Centre for Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - R Herrero-Vanrell
- National Ocular Pathology Network (OFTARED), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.,Complutense University of Madrid. Innovation, Therapy and Pharmaceutical Development in Ophthalmology (InnOftal) Research Group, UCM 920415, Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain.,Health Research Institute, San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - L Pablo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain.,National Ocular Pathology Network (OFTARED), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.,Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Research Group (GIMSO), University of Zaragoza, Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - E Garcia-Martin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain.,National Ocular Pathology Network (OFTARED), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.,Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Research Group (GIMSO), University of Zaragoza, Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - I Bravo-Osuna
- National Ocular Pathology Network (OFTARED), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.,Complutense University of Madrid. Innovation, Therapy and Pharmaceutical Development in Ophthalmology (InnOftal) Research Group, UCM 920415, Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain.,Health Research Institute, San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
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6
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Bertolin J, Sánchez V, Ribera A, Jaén ML, Garcia M, Pujol A, Sánchez X, Muñoz S, Marcó S, Pérez J, Elias G, León X, Roca C, Jimenez V, Otaegui P, Mulero F, Navarro M, Ruberte J, Bosch F. Treatment of skeletal and non-skeletal alterations of Mucopolysaccharidosis type IVA by AAV-mediated gene therapy. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5343. [PMID: 34504088 PMCID: PMC8429698 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25697-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type IVA (MPSIVA) or Morquio A disease, a lysosomal storage disorder, is caused by N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfate sulfatase (GALNS) deficiency, resulting in keratan sulfate (KS) and chondroitin-6-sulfate accumulation. Patients develop severe skeletal dysplasia, early cartilage deterioration and life-threatening heart and tracheal complications. There is no cure and enzyme replacement therapy cannot correct skeletal abnormalities. Here, using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, we generate the first MPSIVA rat model recapitulating all skeletal and non-skeletal alterations experienced by patients. Treatment of MPSIVA rats with adeno-associated viral vector serotype 9 encoding Galns (AAV9-Galns) results in widespread transduction of bones, cartilage and peripheral tissues. This led to long-term (1 year) increase of GALNS activity and whole-body correction of KS levels, thus preventing body size reduction and severe alterations of bones, teeth, joints, trachea and heart. This study demonstrates the potential of AAV9-Galns gene therapy to correct the disabling MPSIVA pathology, providing strong rationale for future clinical translation to MPSIVA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Bertolin
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Víctor Sánchez
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Albert Ribera
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Luisa Jaén
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Miquel Garcia
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Pujol
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Xavier Sánchez
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Sergio Muñoz
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Marcó
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Jennifer Pérez
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Gemma Elias
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Xavier León
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carles Roca
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Veronica Jimenez
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Otaegui
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Francisca Mulero
- Molecular Imaging Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marc Navarro
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Jesús Ruberte
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Fatima Bosch
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Bellaterra, Spain.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain.
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7
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Valença A, Mendes-Jorge L, Bonet A, Catita J, Ramos D, Jose-Cunilleras E, Garcia M, Carretero A, Nacher V, Navarro M, Ruberte J. TIM2 modulates retinal iron levels and is involved in blood-retinal barrier breakdown. Exp Eye Res 2020; 202:108292. [PMID: 33065090 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Careful control of iron availability in the retina is central to maintenance of iron homeostasis, as its imbalance is associated with oxidative stress and the progression of several retinopathies. Ferritin, known for its role in iron storage and detoxification, has also been proposed as an iron-transporter protein, through its binding to Scara5 and TIM2 membrane receptors. In this study, the presence and iron-related functions of TIM2 in the mouse retina were investigated. Our results revealed for the first time the presence of TIM2 receptors in the mouse retina, mainly in Müller cells. Experimental TIM2 downregulation in the mouse retina promoted, probably due to a compensatory mechanism, Scara5 overexpression that increased retinal ferritin uptake and induced iron overload. Consecutive reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) overexpression led to impaired paracellular and transcellular endothelial transport characterized by tight junction degradation and increased caveolae number. In consequence, blood-retinal barrier (BRB) breakdown and retinal edema were observed. Altogether, these results point to TIM2 as a new modulator of retinal iron homeostasis and as a potential target to counteract retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Valença
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. Universidade Técnica, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal; CBATEG - Center for Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Autonomous University of Barcelona, C/ de La Vall Morona, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola Del Vallès), Spain
| | - Luísa Mendes-Jorge
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. Universidade Técnica, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal; CBATEG - Center for Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Autonomous University of Barcelona, C/ de La Vall Morona, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola Del Vallès), Spain
| | - Aina Bonet
- CBATEG - Center for Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Autonomous University of Barcelona, C/ de La Vall Morona, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola Del Vallès), Spain; Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Travessera Del Turons, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola Del Vallès), Spain
| | - Joana Catita
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. Universidade Técnica, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal; CBATEG - Center for Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Autonomous University of Barcelona, C/ de La Vall Morona, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola Del Vallès), Spain; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lusófona University, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - David Ramos
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. Universidade Técnica, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal; CBATEG - Center for Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Autonomous University of Barcelona, C/ de La Vall Morona, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola Del Vallès), Spain
| | - Eduard Jose-Cunilleras
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Travessera Del Turons, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola Del Vallès), Spain
| | - Miguel Garcia
- CBATEG - Center for Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Autonomous University of Barcelona, C/ de La Vall Morona, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola Del Vallès), Spain
| | - Ana Carretero
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. Universidade Técnica, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal; CBATEG - Center for Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Autonomous University of Barcelona, C/ de La Vall Morona, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola Del Vallès), Spain; Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Travessera Del Turons, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola Del Vallès), Spain
| | - Victor Nacher
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. Universidade Técnica, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal; CBATEG - Center for Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Autonomous University of Barcelona, C/ de La Vall Morona, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola Del Vallès), Spain; Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Travessera Del Turons, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola Del Vallès), Spain
| | - Marc Navarro
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. Universidade Técnica, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal; CBATEG - Center for Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Autonomous University of Barcelona, C/ de La Vall Morona, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola Del Vallès), Spain; Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Travessera Del Turons, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola Del Vallès), Spain
| | - Jesús Ruberte
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. Universidade Técnica, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal; CBATEG - Center for Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Autonomous University of Barcelona, C/ de La Vall Morona, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola Del Vallès), Spain; Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Travessera Del Turons, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola Del Vallès), Spain.
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Rodrigo MJ, Cardiel MJ, Fraile JM, Mendez-Martinez S, Martinez-Rincon T, Subias M, Polo V, Ruberte J, Ramirez T, Vispe E, Luna C, Mayoral JA, Garcia-Martin E. Brimonidine-LAPONITE® intravitreal formulation has an ocular hypotensive and neuroprotective effect throughout 6 months of follow-up in a glaucoma animal model. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:6246-6260. [PMID: 33016285 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01013h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Intravitreal administration is widely used in ophthalmological practice to maintain therapeutic drug levels near the neuroretina and because drug delivery systems are necessary to avoid reinjections and sight-threatening side effects. However, currently there is no intravitreal treatment for glaucoma. The brimonidine-LAPONITE® formulation was created with the aim of treating glaucoma for extended periods with a single intravitreal injection. Glaucoma was induced by producing ocular hypertension in two rat cohorts: [BRI-LAP] and [non-bri], with and without treatment, respectively. Eyes treated with brimonidine-LAPONITE® showed lower ocular pressure levels up to week 8 (p < 0.001), functional neuroprotection explored by scotopic and photopic negative response electroretinography (p = 0.042), and structural protection of the retina, retinal nerve fibre layer and ganglion cell layer (p = 0.038), especially on the superior-inferior axis explored by optical coherence tomography, which was corroborated by a higher retinal ganglion cell count (p = 0.040) using immunohistochemistry (Brn3a antibody) up to the end of the study (week 24). Furthermore, delayed neuroprotection was detected in the contralateral eye. Brimonidine was detected in treated rat eyes for up to 6 months. Brimonidine-LAPONITE® seems to be a potential sustained-delivery intravitreal drug for glaucoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Rodrigo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain.
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Sánchez A, García-Lareu B, Puig M, Prat E, Ruberte J, Chillón M, Nunes V, Estévez R, Bosch A. Cerebellar Astrocyte Transduction as Gene Therapy for Megalencephalic Leukoencephalopathy. Neurotherapeutics 2020; 17:2041-2053. [PMID: 32372403 PMCID: PMC7851290 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-020-00865-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts (MLC) is a rare genetic disorder belonging to the group of vacuolating leukodystrophies. It is characterized by megalencephaly, loss of motor functions, epilepsy, and mild mental decline. In brain biopsies of MLC patients, vacuoles were observed in myelin and in astrocytes surrounding blood vessels. There is no therapy for MLC patients, only supportive treatment. We show here a preclinical gene therapy approach for MLC using the Mlc1 knock-out mouse. An adeno-associated virus coding for human MLC1 under the control of the glial fibrillary acidic protein promoter was injected in the cerebellar subarachnoid space of Mlc1 knock-out and wild-type animals at 2 months of age, before the onset of the disease, as a preventive approach. We also tested a therapeutic strategy by injecting the animals at 5 months, once the histopathological abnormalities are starting, or at 15 months, when they have progressed to a more severe pathology. MLC1 expression in the cerebellum restored the adhesion molecule GlialCAM and the chloride channel ClC-2 localization in Bergmann glia, which both are mislocalized in Mlc1 knock-out model. More importantly, myelin vacuolation was extremely reduced in treated mice at all ages and correlated with the amount of expressed MLC1 in Bergmann glia, indicating not only the preventive potential of this strategy but also its therapeutic capacity. In summary, here we provide the first therapeutic approach for patients affected with MLC. This work may have also implications to treat other diseases affecting motor function such as ataxias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Sánchez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Neurosciences, Edifici H, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Spain
- Unitat Mixta UAB-VHIR, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Belén García-Lareu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Neurosciences, Edifici H, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Meritxell Puig
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Neurosciences, Edifici H, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Spain
- Unitat Mixta UAB-VHIR, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Prat
- Laboratori de Genètica Molecular, Programa de Genes, Malaltia i Teràpia, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Unitat de Genètica, Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Facultad de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Univ. de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Ruberte
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy and Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Chillón
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Neurosciences, Edifici H, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Spain
- Unitat Mixta UAB-VHIR, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
- Institut Català de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Virginia Nunes
- Laboratori de Genètica Molecular, Programa de Genes, Malaltia i Teràpia, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Unitat de Genètica, Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Facultad de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Univ. de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raul Estévez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, IDIBELL - Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona, E-08907, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Assumpció Bosch
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Neurosciences, Edifici H, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Spain.
- Unitat Mixta UAB-VHIR, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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Yan X, Atorf J, Ramos D, Thiele F, Weber S, Dalke C, Sun M, Puk O, Michel D, Fuchs H, Klaften M, Przemeck GKH, Sabrautzki S, Favor J, Ruberte J, Kremers J, de Angelis MH, Graw J. Mutation in Bmpr1b Leads to Optic Disc Coloboma and Ventral Retinal Gliosis in Mice. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 61:44. [PMID: 32106289 PMCID: PMC7329948 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.2.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The clinical phenotype of retinal gliosis occurs in different forms; here, we characterize one novel genetic feature, (i.e., signaling via BMP-receptor 1b). Methods Mouse mutants were generated within a recessive ENU mutagenesis screen; the underlying mutation was identified by linkage analysis and Sanger sequencing. The eye phenotype was characterized by fundoscopy, optical coherence tomography, optokinetic drum, electroretinography, and visual evoked potentials, by histology, immunohistology, and electron-microscopy. Results The mutation affects intron 10 of the Bmpr1b gene, which is causative for skipping of exon 10. The expression levels of pSMAD1/5/8 were reduced in the mutant retina. The loss of BMPR1B-mediated signaling leads to optic nerve coloboma, gliosis in the optic nerve head and ventral retina, defective optic nerve axons, and irregular retinal vessels. The ventral retinal gliosis is proliferative and hypertrophic, which is concomitant with neuronal delamination and the reduction of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs); it is dominated by activated astrocytes overexpressing PAX2 and SOX2 but not PAX6, indicating that they may retain properties of gliogenic precursor cells. The expression pattern of PAX2 in the optic nerve head and ventral retina is altered during embryonic development. These events finally result in reduced electrical transmission of the retina and optic nerve and significantly reduced visual acuity. Conclusions Our study demonstrates that BMPR1B is necessary for the development of the optic nerve and ventral retina. This study could also indicate a new mechanism in the formation of retinal gliosis; it opens new routes for its treatment eventually preventing scar formation in the retina.
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Ramos D, Catita J, López-Luppo M, Valença A, Bonet A, Carretero A, Navarro M, Nacher V, Mendez-Ferrer S, Meseguer A, Casellas A, Mendes-Jorge L, Ruberte J. Vascular Interstitial Cells in Retinal Arteriolar Annuli Are Altered During Hypertension. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019; 60:473-487. [PMID: 30707220 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.18-25000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose It has been suggested that arteriolar annuli localized in retinal arterioles regulate retinal blood flow acting as sphincters. Here, the morphology and protein expression profile of arteriolar annuli have been analyzed under physiologic conditions in the retina of wild-type, β-actin-Egfp, and Nestin-gfp transgenic mice. Additionally, to study the effect of hypertension, the KAP transgenic mouse has been used. Methods Cellular architecture has been studied using digested whole mount retinas and transmission electron microscopy. The profile of protein expression has been analyzed on paraffin sections and whole mount retinas by immunofluorescence and histochemistry. Results The ultrastructural analysis of arteriolar annuli showed a different cell population found between endothelial and muscle cells that matched most of the morphologic criteria established to define interstitial Cajal cells. The profile of protein expression of these vascular interstitial cells (VICs) was similar to that of interstitial Cajal cells and different from the endothelial and smooth muscle cells, because they expressed β-actin, nestin, and CD44, but they did not express CD31 and α-SMA or scarcely express F-actin. Furthermore, VICs share with pericytes the expression of NG2 and platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFR-β). The high expression of Ano1 and high activity of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-diaphorase observed in VICs was diminished during hypertensive retinopathy suggesting that these cells might play a role on the motility of arteriolar annuli and that this function is altered during hypertension. Conclusions A novel type of VICs has been described in the arteriolar annuli of mouse retina. Remarkably, these cells undergo important molecular modifications during hypertensive retinopathy and might thus be a therapeutic target against this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ramos
- CIISA-Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Joana Catita
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mariana López-Luppo
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Andreia Valença
- CIISA-Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Aina Bonet
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Ana Carretero
- CIISA-Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Marc Navarro
- CIISA-Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Victor Nacher
- CIISA-Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Simon Mendez-Ferrer
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, and NHS-Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Meseguer
- Renal Physiopathology Group, CIBBM-Nanomedicine, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Unitat de Bioquímica de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Instituto Carlos III-FEDER, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Casellas
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luísa Mendes-Jorge
- CIISA-Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Jesús Ruberte
- CIISA-Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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López-Luppo M, Nacher V, Ramos D, Catita J, Navarro M, Carretero A, Rodriguez-Baeza A, Mendes-Jorge L, Ruberte J. Blood Vessel Basement Membrane Alterations in Human Retinal Microaneurysms During Aging. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2017; 58:1116-1131. [PMID: 28196225 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.16-19998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Microaneurysms, considered a hallmark of retinal vascular disease, are present in aged retinas. Here, the basement membrane of human retinal microaneurysms has been analyzed during aging. Methods Retinas were obtained from 17 nondiabetic donors. Whole mount retinas and paraffin sections were marked immunohistochemically with antibodies against the main components of the blood basement membrane. Trypsin digestion and transmission electron microscopy also were performed. Results Small microaneurysms presented increased expression of collagen IV, laminin, fibronectin, nidogen, and perlecan, along with basement membrane thickening. Unexpectedly, crosslinked fibrils of collagen III, a type of collagen absent in retinal capillaries, were found specifically in small microaneurysms. This was parallel to enhanced lysyl oxidase-like (LOXL) 2 and 4 expression. Large microaneurysms showed diminution of protein content, as well as disorganization, in their basement membrane. This was concomitant with an increased expression of matrix-metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1. Pericyte coverage declined between small and large microaneurysms. Conclusions Thickening of the basement membrane in small microaneurysms by accumulation of matrix proteins probably produced by recruited pericytes, together with the appearance of crosslinked collagen III fibrils probably due to the action of LOXL2 and LOXL4, could be considered as compensatory mechanisms to strengthen the vascular wall in the early phase of microaneurysm formation. Later, increased activity of MMP-9 and PAI-I, which produce disruption of the blood basement membrane and expansion of microthrombi respectively, and loss of pericytes, which produces weakening of the vascular wall, could explain the wall dilation observed in the late phase of microaneurysm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana López-Luppo
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Victor Nacher
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain 2Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - David Ramos
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain 3Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joana Catita
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain 2Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Marc Navarro
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain 2Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Ana Carretero
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain 2Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Alfonso Rodriguez-Baeza
- Department of Morphological Sciences, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Luísa Mendes-Jorge
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain 3Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal 5Department of Morphology and Function, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jesús Ruberte
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain 2Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain 3Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal 6CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Spain
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Mendes-Jorge L, Ramos D, Valença A, López-Luppo M, Pires VMR, Catita J, Nacher V, Navarro M, Carretero A, Rodriguez-Baeza A, Ruberte J. Correction: L-Ferritin Binding to Scara5: A New Iron Traffic Pathway Potentially Implicated in Retinopathy. PLoS One 2017. [PMID: 28640867 PMCID: PMC5481013 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Di Giacomo V, Tian TV, Mas A, Pecoraro M, Batlle-Morera L, Noya L, Martín-Caballero J, Ruberte J, Keyes WM. ΔNp63α promotes adhesion of metastatic prostate cancer cells to the bone through regulation of CD82. Oncogene 2017; 36:4381-4392. [PMID: 28368419 PMCID: PMC5543260 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 01/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
ΔNp63α is a critical mediator of epithelial development and stem cell function in a variety of tissues including the skin and breast, while overexpression of ΔNp63α acts as an oncogene to drive tumor formation and cancer stem cell properties in squamous cell carcinoma. However, with regards to the prostate, while ΔNp63α is expressed in the basal stem cells of the mature gland, during adenocarcinoma development, its expression is lost and its absence is used to clinically diagnose the malignant state. Surprisingly, here we identify a sub-population of bone metastatic prostate cancer cells in the PC3 cell line that express ΔNp63α. Interestingly, we discovered that ΔNp63α favors adhesion and stem-like growth of these cells in the bone microenvironment. In addition, we show that these properties require expression of the target gene CD82. Together, this work uncovers a population of bone metastatic prostate cancer cells that express ΔNp63α, and provides important information about the mechanisms of bone metastatic colonization. Finally, we identify metastasis-promoting properties for the tetraspanin family member CD82.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Di Giacomo
- Gene Regulation, Stem Cells and Cancer Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - T V Tian
- Gene Regulation, Stem Cells and Cancer Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Mas
- Gene Regulation, Stem Cells and Cancer Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Pecoraro
- Gene Regulation, Stem Cells and Cancer Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Batlle-Morera
- Gene Regulation, Stem Cells and Cancer Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Noya
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy and Center for Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - J Ruberte
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy and Center for Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - W M Keyes
- Gene Regulation, Stem Cells and Cancer Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,Development and Stem Cells program, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR7104, Inserm U964, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
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Roca C, Motas S, Marcó S, Ribera A, Sánchez V, Sánchez X, Bertolin J, León X, Pérez J, Garcia M, Villacampa P, Ruberte J, Pujol A, Haurigot V, Bosch F. Disease correction by AAV-mediated gene therapy in a new mouse model of mucopolysaccharidosis type IIID. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:1535-1551. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Parés S, Arís A, Terré M, Fàbregas F, Garcia-Fruitós E, Ruberte J, Nacher V, De-Prado A, Bach A. 0154 Effects of inhibiting prolactin production with cabergoline on the physiology of the cow-dry period. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jam2016-0154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Marcó S, Pujol A, Roca C, Motas S, Ribera A, Garcia M, Molas M, Villacampa P, Melia CS, Sánchez V, Sánchez X, Bertolin J, Ruberte J, Haurigot V, Bosch F. Progressive neurologic and somatic disease in a novel mouse model of human mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIC. Dis Model Mech 2016; 9:999-1013. [PMID: 27491071 PMCID: PMC5047683 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.025171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIC (MPSIIIC) is a severe lysosomal storage disease caused by deficiency in activity of the transmembrane enzyme heparan-α-glucosaminide N-acetyltransferase (HGSNAT) that catalyses the N-acetylation of α-glucosamine residues of heparan sulfate. Enzyme deficiency causes abnormal substrate accumulation in lysosomes, leading to progressive and severe neurodegeneration, somatic pathology and early death. There is no cure for MPSIIIC, and development of new therapies is challenging because of the unfeasibility of cross-correction. In this study, we generated a new mouse model of MPSIIIC by targeted disruption of the Hgsnat gene. Successful targeting left LacZ expression under control of the Hgsnat promoter, allowing investigation into sites of endogenous expression, which was particularly prominent in the CNS, but was also detectable in peripheral organs. Signs of CNS storage pathology, including glycosaminoglycan accumulation, lysosomal distension, lysosomal dysfunction and neuroinflammation were detected in 2-month-old animals and progressed with age. Glycosaminoglycan accumulation and ultrastructural changes were also observed in most somatic organs, but lysosomal pathology seemed most severe in liver. Furthermore, HGSNAT-deficient mice had altered locomotor and exploratory activity and shortened lifespan. Hence, this animal model recapitulates human MPSIIIC and provides a useful tool for the study of disease physiopathology and the development of new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Marcó
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Anna Pujol
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Carles Roca
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Sandra Motas
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Albert Ribera
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Miguel Garcia
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Maria Molas
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Pilar Villacampa
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Cristian S Melia
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Víctor Sánchez
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Xavier Sánchez
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Joan Bertolin
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Jesús Ruberte
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona 08036, Spain Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Virginia Haurigot
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Fatima Bosch
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona 08036, Spain
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18
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Elias I, Ferré T, Vilà L, Muñoz S, Casellas A, Garcia M, Molas M, Agudo J, Roca C, Ruberte J, Bosch F, Franckhauser S. ALOX5AP Overexpression in Adipose Tissue Leads to LXA4 Production and Protection Against Diet-Induced Obesity and Insulin Resistance. Diabetes 2016; 65:2139-50. [PMID: 27207555 DOI: 10.2337/db16-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Eicosanoids, such as leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and lipoxin A4 (LXA4), may play a key role during obesity. While LTB4 is involved in adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance, LXA4 may exert anti-inflammatory effects and alleviate hepatic steatosis. Both lipid mediators derive from the same pathway, in which arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5) and its partner, arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (ALOX5AP), are involved. ALOX5 and ALOX5AP expression is increased in humans and rodents with obesity and insulin resistance. We found that transgenic mice overexpressing ALOX5AP in adipose tissue had higher LXA4 rather than higher LTB4 levels, were leaner, and showed increased energy expenditure, partly due to browning of white adipose tissue (WAT). Upregulation of hepatic LXR and Cyp7a1 led to higher bile acid synthesis, which may have contributed to increased thermogenesis. In addition, transgenic mice were protected against diet-induced obesity, insulin resistance, and inflammation. Finally, treatment of C57BL/6J mice with LXA4, which showed browning of WAT, strongly suggests that LXA4 is responsible for the transgenic mice phenotype. Thus, our data support that LXA4 may hold great potential for the future development of therapeutic strategies for obesity and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivet Elias
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tura Ferré
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laia Vilà
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergio Muñoz
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Casellas
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Garcia
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Molas
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judith Agudo
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Roca
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Ruberte
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fatima Bosch
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sylvie Franckhauser
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
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19
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Motas S, Haurigot V, Garcia M, Marcó S, Ribera A, Roca C, Sánchez X, Sánchez V, Molas M, Bertolin J, Maggioni L, León X, Ruberte J, Bosch F. CNS-directed gene therapy for the treatment of neurologic and somatic mucopolysaccharidosis type II (Hunter syndrome). JCI Insight 2016; 1:e86696. [PMID: 27699273 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.86696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPSII) is an X-linked lysosomal storage disease characterized by severe neurologic and somatic disease caused by deficiency of iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS), an enzyme that catabolizes the glycosaminoglycans heparan and dermatan sulphate. Intravenous enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) currently constitutes the only approved therapeutic option for MPSII. However, the inability of recombinant IDS to efficiently cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) limits ERT efficacy in treating neurological symptoms. Here, we report a gene therapy approach for MPSII through direct delivery of vectors to the CNS. Through a minimally invasive procedure, we administered adeno-associated virus vectors encoding IDS (AAV9-Ids) to the cerebrospinal fluid of MPSII mice with already established disease. Treated mice showed a significant increase in IDS activity throughout the encephalon, with full resolution of lysosomal storage lesions, reversal of lysosomal dysfunction, normalization of brain transcriptomic signature, and disappearance of neuroinflammation. Moreover, our vector also transduced the liver, providing a peripheral source of therapeutic protein that corrected storage pathology in visceral organs, with evidence of cross-correction of nontransduced organs by circulating enzyme. Importantly, AAV9-Ids-treated MPSII mice showed normalization of behavioral deficits and considerably prolonged survival. These results provide a strong proof of concept for the clinical translation of our approach for the treatment of Hunter syndrome patients with cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Motas
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy and.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Virginia Haurigot
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy and.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Garcia
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy and.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Marcó
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy and.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Albert Ribera
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy and.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carles Roca
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy and.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Xavier Sánchez
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy and.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Víctor Sánchez
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy and.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Maria Molas
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy and.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan Bertolin
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy and.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Luca Maggioni
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy and.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Xavier León
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy and.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Ruberte
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy and.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Fatima Bosch
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy and.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain
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20
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Haurigot VA, Motas S, Marcó S, Ribera A, Roca C, Sánchez X, García M, Molas M, Sánchez V, León X, Ruberte J, Bosch F. 348. Correction of CNS and Somatic Pathology by Intra-Cerebrospinal Fluid Gene Therapy for Mucopolysaccharidosis Type II. Mol Ther 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s1525-0016(16)33157-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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21
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Ruberte J. Angiography reveals novel features of the retinal vasculature in mice. Acta Ophthalmol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2015.0242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Ruberte
- Center for Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy; Autonomous University of Barcelona; Ceradanyola del Valles Spain
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22
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Casellas A, Mallol C, Salavert A, Jimenez V, Garcia M, Agudo J, Obach M, Haurigot V, Vilà L, Molas M, Lage R, Morró M, Casana E, Ruberte J, Bosch F. Insulin-like Growth Factor 2 Overexpression Induces β-Cell Dysfunction and Increases Beta-cell Susceptibility to Damage. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:16772-85. [PMID: 25971976 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.642041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The human insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) and insulin genes are located within the same genomic region. Although human genomic studies have demonstrated associations between diabetes and the insulin/IGF2 locus or the IGF2 mRNA-binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2), the role of IGF2 in diabetes pathogenesis is not fully understood. We previously described that transgenic mice overexpressing IGF2 specifically in β-cells (Tg-IGF2) develop a pre-diabetic state. Here, we characterized the effects of IGF2 on β-cell functionality. Overexpression of IGF2 led to β-cell dedifferentiation and endoplasmic reticulum stress causing islet dysfunction in vivo. Both adenovirus-mediated overexpression of IGF2 and treatment of adult wild-type islets with recombinant IGF2 in vitro further confirmed the direct implication of IGF2 on β-cell dysfunction. Treatment of Tg-IGF2 mice with subdiabetogenic doses of streptozotocin or crossing these mice with a transgenic model of islet lymphocytic infiltration promoted the development of overt diabetes, suggesting that IGF2 makes islets more susceptible to β-cell damage and immune attack. These results indicate that increased local levels of IGF2 in pancreatic islets may predispose to the onset of diabetes. This study unravels an unprecedented role of IGF2 on β-cells function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Casellas
- From the Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, 08036-Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Mallol
- From the Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, 08036-Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Veronica Jimenez
- From the Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, 08036-Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Garcia
- From the Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, 08036-Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judith Agudo
- From the Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, 08036-Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Obach
- From the Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, 08036-Barcelona, Spain
| | - Virginia Haurigot
- From the Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, 08036-Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laia Vilà
- From the Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, 08036-Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Molas
- From the Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, 08036-Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ricardo Lage
- From the Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, 08036-Barcelona, Spain
| | - Meritxell Morró
- From the Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, 08036-Barcelona, Spain
| | - Estefania Casana
- From the Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, 08036-Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Ruberte
- From the Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, 08036-Barcelona, Spain Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, 08193-Bellaterra and
| | - Fatima Bosch
- From the Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, 08036-Barcelona, Spain
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23
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Catita J, López-Luppo M, Ramos D, Nacher V, Navarro M, Carretero A, Sánchez-Chardi A, Mendes-Jorge L, Rodriguez-Baeza A, Ruberte J. Imaging of cellular aging in human retinal blood vessels. Exp Eye Res 2015; 135:14-25. [PMID: 25818511 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2015.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
To date two main aging vascular lesions have been reported in elderly human retinas: acellular capillaries and microaneurysms. However, their exact mechanism of formation remains unclear. Using high resolution microscopy techniques we revise cellular alterations observed in aged human retinal vessels, such as lipofuscin accumulation, caveolae malfunction, blood basement membrane disruption and enhanced apoptosis that could trigger the development of these aging vascular lesions. Moreover, we have generated a set of original images comparing retinal vasculature between middle and old aged healthy humans to show in a comprehensive manner the main structural and ultrastructural alterations occurred during age in retinal blood vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Catita
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M López-Luppo
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - D Ramos
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - V Nacher
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M Navarro
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A Carretero
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A Sánchez-Chardi
- Microscopy Facility, Faculty of Science, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - L Mendes-Jorge
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Department of Morphology and Function, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A Rodriguez-Baeza
- Department of Morphological Sciences, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - J Ruberte
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain.
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24
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Ribera A, Haurigot V, Garcia M, Marcó S, Motas S, Villacampa P, Maggioni L, León X, Molas M, Sánchez V, Muñoz S, Leborgne C, Moll X, Pumarola M, Mingozzi F, Ruberte J, Añor S, Bosch F. Biochemical, histological and functional correction of mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIB by intra-cerebrospinal fluid gene therapy. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 24:2078-95. [PMID: 25524704 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddu727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy is an attractive tool for the treatment of monogenic disorders, in particular for lysosomal storage diseases (LSD) caused by deficiencies in secretable lysosomal enzymes in which neither full restoration of normal enzymatic activity nor transduction of all affected cells are necessary. However, some LSD such as Mucopolysaccharidosis Type IIIB (MPSIIIB) are challenging because the disease's main target organ is the brain and enzymes do not efficiently cross the blood-brain barrier even if present at very high concentration in circulation. To overcome these limitations, we delivered AAV9 vectors encoding for α-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAGLU) to the Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) of MPSIIIB mice with the disease already detectable at biochemical, histological and functional level. Restoration of enzymatic activity in Central Nervous System (CNS) resulted in normalization of glycosaminoglycan content and lysosomal physiology, resolved neuroinflammation and restored the pattern of gene expression in brain similar to that of healthy animals. Additionally, transduction of the liver due to passage of vectors to the circulation led to whole-body disease correction. Treated animals also showed reversal of behavioural deficits and extended lifespan. Importantly, when the levels of enzymatic activity were monitored in the CSF of dogs following administration of canine NAGLU-coding vectors to animals that were either naïve or had pre-existing immunity against AAV9, similar levels of activity were achieved, suggesting that CNS efficacy would not be compromised in patients seropositive for AAV9. Our studies provide a strong rationale for the clinical development of this novel therapeutic approach as the treatment for MPSIIIB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Ribera
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Virginia Haurigot
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Miguel Garcia
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Sara Marcó
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Sandra Motas
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Pilar Villacampa
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Luca Maggioni
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Xavier León
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Maria Molas
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Víctor Sánchez
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Sergio Muñoz
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | | | - Xavier Moll
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery and
| | - Martí Pumarola
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery and
| | - Federico Mingozzi
- Généthon, 91000 Evry, France and University Pierre and Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jesús Ruberte
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Sònia Añor
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery and
| | - Fatima Bosch
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
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Mendes-Jorge L, Ramos D, Valença A, López-Luppo M, Pires VMR, Catita J, Nacher V, Navarro M, Carretero A, Rodriguez-Baeza A, Ruberte J. L-ferritin binding to scara5: a new iron traffic pathway potentially implicated in retinopathy. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106974. [PMID: 25259650 PMCID: PMC4178024 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron is essential in the retina because the heme-containing enzyme guanylate cyclase modulates phototransduction in rods and cones. Transferrin endocytosis is the classical pathway for obtaining iron from the blood circulation in the retina. However, the iron storage protein ferritin has been also recently proposed as an iron carrier. In this study, the presence of Scara5 and its binding to L-ferritin was investigated in the retina. Our results showed that Scara5, the specific receptor for L-ferritin, was expressed in mouse and human retinas in many cell types, including endothelial cells. Furthermore, we showed that intravenously injected ferritin crossed the blood retinal barrier through L-ferritin binding to Scara5 in endothelial cells. Thus, suggesting the existence of a new pathway for iron delivery and trafficking in the retina. In a murine model of photoreceptor degeneration, Scara5 was downregulated, pointing out this receptor as a potential player implicated in retinopathy and also as a possible therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luísa Mendes-Jorge
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Department of Morphology and Function, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - David Ramos
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Andreia Valença
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mariana López-Luppo
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Virgínia Maria Rico Pires
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joana Catita
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Victor Nacher
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Marc Navarro
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Ana Carretero
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Alfonso Rodriguez-Baeza
- Department of Morphological Sciences, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Jesús Ruberte
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
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26
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Domínguez E, Ruberte J, Ríos J, Novellas R, Del Alamo MMR, Navarro M, Espada Y. Non-invasive in vivo measurement of cardiac output in C57BL/6 mice using high frequency transthoracic ultrasound: evaluation of gender and body weight effects. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2014; 30:1237-44. [PMID: 24852337 DOI: 10.1007/s10554-014-0454-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Even though mice are being increasingly used as models for human cardiovascular diseases, non-invasive monitoring of cardiovascular parameters such as cardiac output (CO) in this species is challenging. In most cases, the effects of gender and body weight (BW) on these parameters have not been studied. The objective of this study was to provide normal reference values for CO in C57BL/6 mice, and to describe possible gender and/or BW associated differences between them. We used 30-MHz transthoracic Doppler ultrasound to measure hemodynamic parameters in the ascending aorta [heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), stroke index (SI), CO, and cardiac index (CI)] in ten anesthetized mice of either sex. No differences were found for HR, SV, and CO. Both SI and CI were statistically lower in males. However, after normalization for BW, these differences disappeared. These results suggest that if comparisons of cardiovascular parameters are to be made between male and female mice, values should be standardized for BW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Domínguez
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici V, Campus, 08193, Barcelona, Spain,
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27
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Ariza L, Pagès G, García-Lareu B, Cobianchi S, Otaegui PJ, Ruberte J, Chillón M, Navarro X, Bosch A. Experimental diabetes in neonatal mice induces early peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy. Neuroscience 2014; 274:250-9. [PMID: 24846610 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Animal models of diabetes do not reach the severity of human diabetic neuropathy but relatively mild neurophysiological deficits and minor morphometric changes. The lack of degenerative neuropathy in diabetic rodent models seems to be a consequence of the shorter length of the axons or the shorter animal life span. Diabetes-induced demyelination needs many weeks or even months before it can be evident by morphometrical analysis. In mice myelination of the peripheral nervous system starts at the prenatal period and it is complete several days after birth. Here we induced experimental diabetes to neonatal mice and we evaluated its effect on the peripheral nerve 4 and 8 weeks after diabetes induction. Neurophysiological values showed a decline in sensory nerve conduction velocity at both time-points. Morphometrical analysis of the tibial nerve demonstrated a decrease in the number of myelinated fibers, fiber size and myelin thickness at both time-points studied. Moreover, aldose reductase and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activities were increased even if the amount of the enzyme was not affected. Thus, type 1 diabetes in newborn mice induces early peripheral neuropathy and may be a good model to assay pharmacological or gene therapy strategies to treat diabetic neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ariza
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Pagès
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - B García-Lareu
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Cobianchi
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology and Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - P J Otaegui
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Ruberte
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Veterinary School, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Chillón
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; Institut Català de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - X Navarro
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology and Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - A Bosch
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
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28
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Muñoz-Espín D, Cañamero M, Maraver A, Gómez-López G, Contreras J, Murillo-Cuesta S, Rodríguez-Baeza A, Varela-Nieto I, Ruberte J, Collado M, Serrano M. Programmed cell senescence during mammalian embryonic development. Cell 2013; 155:1104-18. [PMID: 24238962 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2013.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 914] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Revised: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence disables proliferation in damaged cells, and it is relevant for cancer and aging. Here, we show that senescence occurs during mammalian embryonic development at multiple locations, including the mesonephros and the endolymphatic sac of the inner ear, which we have analyzed in detail. Mechanistically, senescence in both structures is strictly dependent on p21, but independent of DNA damage, p53, or other cell-cycle inhibitors, and it is regulated by the TGF-β/SMAD and PI3K/FOXO pathways. Developmentally programmed senescence is followed by macrophage infiltration, clearance of senescent cells, and tissue remodeling. Loss of senescence due to the absence of p21 is partially compensated by apoptosis but still results in detectable developmental abnormalities. Importantly, the mesonephros and endolymphatic sac of human embryos also show evidence of senescence. We conclude that the role of developmentally programmed senescence is to promote tissue remodeling and propose that this is the evolutionary origin of damage-induced senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Muñoz-Espín
- Tumor Suppression Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid E28029, Spain
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29
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Haurigot V, Marcó S, Ribera A, Garcia M, Ruzo A, Villacampa P, Ayuso E, Añor S, Andaluz A, Pineda M, García-Fructuoso G, Molas M, Maggioni L, Muñoz S, Motas S, Ruberte J, Mingozzi F, Pumarola M, Bosch F. Whole body correction of mucopolysaccharidosis IIIA by intracerebrospinal fluid gene therapy. J Clin Invest 2013; 123:3254-3271. [PMID: 23863627 DOI: 10.1172/jci66778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
For most lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) affecting the CNS, there is currently no cure. The BBB, which limits the bioavailability of drugs administered systemically, and the short half-life of lysosomal enzymes, hamper the development of effective therapies. Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA (MPS IIIA) is an autosomic recessive LSD caused by a deficiency in sulfamidase, a sulfatase involved in the stepwise degradation of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) heparan sulfate. Here, we demonstrate that intracerebrospinal fluid (intra-CSF) administration of serotype 9 adenoassociated viral vectors (AAV9s) encoding sulfamidase corrects both CNS and somatic pathology in MPS IIIA mice. Following vector administration, enzymatic activity increased throughout the brain and in serum, leading to whole body correction of GAG accumulation and lysosomal pathology, normalization of behavioral deficits, and prolonged survival. To test this strategy in a larger animal, we treated beagle dogs using intracisternal or intracerebroventricular delivery. Administration of sulfamidase-encoding AAV9 resulted in transgenic expression throughout the CNS and liver and increased sulfamidase activity in CSF. High-titer serum antibodies against AAV9 only partially blocked CSF-mediated gene transfer to the brains of dogs. Consistently, anti-AAV antibody titers were lower in CSF than in serum collected from healthy and MPS IIIA-affected children. These results support the clinical translation of this approach for the treatment of MPS IIIA and other LSDs with CNS involvement.
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30
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Ramos D, Carretero A, Navarro M, Mendes-Jorge L, Nacher V, Rodriguez-Baeza A, Ruberte J. Mimicking Microvascular Alterations of Human Diabetic Retinopathy: A Challenge for the Mouse Models. Curr Med Chem 2013; 20:3200-17. [DOI: 10.2174/09298673113209990028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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31
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Callejas D, Mann CJ, Ayuso E, Lage R, Grifoll I, Roca C, Andaluz A, Ruiz-de Gopegui R, Montané J, Muñoz S, Ferre T, Haurigot V, Zhou S, Ruberte J, Mingozzi F, High KA, Garcia F, Bosch F. Treatment of diabetes and long-term survival after insulin and glucokinase gene therapy. Diabetes 2013; 62:1718-29. [PMID: 23378612 PMCID: PMC3636629 DOI: 10.2337/db12-1113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is associated with severe secondary complications, largely caused by poor glycemic control. Treatment with exogenous insulin fails to prevent these complications completely, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. We previously demonstrated that it is possible to generate a "glucose sensor" in skeletal muscle through coexpression of glucokinase and insulin, increasing glucose uptake and correcting hyperglycemia in diabetic mice. Here, we demonstrate long-term efficacy of this approach in a large animal model of diabetes. A one-time intramuscular administration of adeno-associated viral vectors of serotype 1 encoding for glucokinase and insulin in diabetic dogs resulted in normalization of fasting glycemia, accelerated disposal of glucose after oral challenge, and no episodes of hypoglycemia during exercise for >4 years after gene transfer. This was associated with recovery of body weight, reduced glycosylated plasma proteins levels, and long-term survival without secondary complications. Conversely, exogenous insulin or gene transfer for insulin or glucokinase alone failed to achieve complete correction of diabetes, indicating that the synergistic action of insulin and glucokinase is needed for full therapeutic effect. This study provides the first proof-of-concept in a large animal model for a gene transfer approach to treat diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Callejas
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christopher J. Mann
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Ayuso
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ricardo Lage
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iris Grifoll
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Roca
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Andaluz
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Rafael Ruiz-de Gopegui
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Joel Montané
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Sergio Muñoz
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tura Ferre
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Virginia Haurigot
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Shangzhen Zhou
- Division of Hematology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jesús Ruberte
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Federico Mingozzi
- Division of Hematology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Katherine A. High
- Division of Hematology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Felix Garcia
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Fatima Bosch
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
- Corresponding author: Fatima Bosch,
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Planavila A, Dominguez E, Navarro M, Vinciguerra M, Iglesias R, Giralt M, Lope-Piedrafita S, Ruberte J, Villarroya F. Dilated cardiomyopathy and mitochondrial dysfunction in Sirt1-deficient mice: a role for Sirt1-Mef2 in adult heart. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2013; 53:521-31. [PMID: 22986367 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2012.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2012] [Revised: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The deacetylase Sirtuin-1 (Sirt1) is involved in the cardiac hypertrophic responses and cardiac embryo morphogenesis. However, the physiological function of Sirt1 deficiency in the postnatal development of the heart remains to be characterized. The aim of the study was to investigate the relevance of Sirt1 in the development and function of the myocardium. Hearts from Sirt1-deficient mice partially or totally lacking Sirt1 protein activity were analyzed. Loss of Sirt1 activity led to dilated cardiomyopathy in adult hearts, a phenotype accompanied by reduced cardiomyocyte size and the absence of fibrosis. Morphological and functional mitochondrial abnormalities were observed in the adult hearts lacking Sirt1, suggesting that mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the progression of the observed cardiomyopathy. Moreover, gene expression analyses revealed that mitochondrial genes were the most affected in Sirt1-deficient mice, showing a reduction in their expression. No overt cardiac dilatation was observed in neonates lacking Sirt1 activity, but first signs of mitochondrial alterations were already present. Immunoblot analyses revealed that Sirt1 is highly expressed in the heart after birth, indicating the importance of Sirt1 in the neonatal period. Finally, Sirt1 deficiency affected the acetylation pattern of the myocyte enhancer factor 2 (Mef2) transcription factors, which are critical for normal heart development and mitochondrial integrity. Collectively, our findings indicate that Sirt1 is essential for the maintenance of cardiac mitochondrial integrity and normal postnatal myocardium development.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Planavila
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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33
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Kollmus H, Post R, Brielmeier M, Fernández J, Fuchs H, McKerlie C, Montoliu L, Otaegui PJ, Rebelo M, Riedesel H, Ruberte J, Sedlacek R, de Angelis MH, Schughart K. Structural and functional concepts in current mouse phenotyping and archiving facilities. J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci 2012; 51:418-435. [PMID: 23043807 PMCID: PMC3400690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2011] [Revised: 11/19/2011] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Collecting and analyzing available information on the building plans, concepts, and workflow from existing animal facilities is an essential prerequisite for most centers that are planning and designing the construction of a new animal experimental research unit. Here, we have collected and analyzed such information in the context of the European project Infrafrontier, which aims to develop a common European infrastructure for high-throughput systemic phenotyping, archiving, and dissemination of mouse models. A team of experts visited 9 research facilities and 3 commercial breeders in Europe, Canada, the United States, and Singapore. During the visits, detailed data of each facility were collected and subsequently represented in standardized floor plans and descriptive tables. These data showed that because the local needs of scientists and their projects, property issues, and national and regional laws require very specific solutions, a common strategy for the construction of such facilities does not exist. However, several basic concepts were apparent that can be described by standardized floor plans showing the principle functional units and their interconnection. Here, we provide detailed information of how individual facilities addressed their specific needs by using different concepts of connecting the principle units. Our analysis likely will be valuable to research centers that are planning to design new mouse phenotyping and archiving facilities.
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Key Words
- brc, biological resource centre
- cr, charles river
- gmc, german mouse clinic
- hmgu, helmholtz centre munich central animal facility
- hzi, helmholtz centre for infection research
- ics, institut clinique de la souris
- irc, intragene resource center
- ivc, individually ventilated cage
- jax, the jackson laboratory
- mlc, mary lyon centre
- rsf, wellcome trust sanger institute research support facility
- tcp, toronto centre for phenogenomics
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Kollmus
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | | | - Julia Fernández
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Colin McKerlie
- The Hospital for Sick Children and Toronto Centre for Phenogenomics, Toronto, Canada
| | - Lluis Montoliu
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro J Otaegui
- Center for Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Jesús Ruberte
- Center for Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Martin Hrabě de Angelis
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- Technische Universität München, Freising–Weihenstephan, Germany, and the
| | - Klaus Schughart
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
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Elias I, Franckhauser S, Ferré T, Vilà L, Tafuro S, Muñoz S, Roca C, Ramos D, Pujol A, Riu E, Ruberte J, Bosch F. Adipose tissue overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor protects against diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. Diabetes 2012; 61:1801-13. [PMID: 22522611 PMCID: PMC3379662 DOI: 10.2337/db11-0832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
During the expansion of fat mass in obesity, vascularization of adipose tissue is insufficient to maintain tissue normoxia. Local hypoxia develops and may result in altered adipokine expression, proinflammatory macrophage recruitment, and insulin resistance. We investigated whether an increase in adipose tissue angiogenesis could protect against obesity-induced hypoxia and, consequently, insulin resistance. Transgenic mice overexpressing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and white adipose tissue (WAT) were generated. Vessel formation, metabolism, and inflammation were studied in VEGF transgenic mice and wild-type littermates fed chow or a high-fat diet. Overexpression of VEGF resulted in increased blood vessel number and size in both WAT and BAT and protection against high-fat diet-induced hypoxia and obesity, with no differences in food intake. This was associated with increased thermogenesis and energy expenditure. Moreover, whole-body insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance were improved. Transgenic mice presented increased macrophage infiltration, with a higher number of M2 anti-inflammatory and fewer M1 proinflammatory macrophages than wild-type littermates, thus maintaining an anti-inflammatory milieu that could avoid insulin resistance. These studies suggest that overexpression of VEGF in adipose tissue is a potential therapeutic strategy for the prevention of obesity and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivet Elias
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sylvie Franckhauser
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tura Ferré
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laia Vilà
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sabrina Tafuro
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergio Muñoz
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Roca
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Ramos
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Anatomy and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Anna Pujol
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Efren Riu
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Ruberte
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Anatomy and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Fatima Bosch
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
- Corresponding author: Fatima Bosch,
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Ripoll È, Nacher V, Vidal A, Herrero E, Bolaños N, Torras J, Grinyó JM, Ruberte J, Herrero-Fresneda I. Cold ischaemia, innate immunity and deterioration of the glomerular filtration barrier in antibody-mediated acute rejection. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012; 27:3296-305. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfs003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Mendes-Jorge L, Llombart C, Ramos D, López-Luppo M, Valença A, Nacher V, Navarro M, Carretero A, Méndez-Ferrer S, Rodriguez-Baeza A, Ruberte J. Intercapillary bridging cells: Immunocytochemical characteristics of cells that connect blood vessels in the retina. Exp Eye Res 2012; 98:79-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2012.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2011] [Revised: 02/29/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Ruzo A, Garcia M, Ribera A, Villacampa P, Haurigot V, Marcó S, Ayuso E, Anguela XM, Roca C, Agudo J, Ramos D, Ruberte J, Bosch F. Liver production of sulfamidase reverses peripheral and ameliorates CNS pathology in mucopolysaccharidosis IIIA mice. Mol Ther 2011; 20:254-66. [PMID: 22008915 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2011.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA (MPSIIIA) is an inherited lysosomal storage disease caused by deficiency of sulfamidase, resulting in accumulation of the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) heparan sulfate. It is characterized by severe progressive neurodegeneration, together with somatic alterations, which lead to death during adolescence. Here, we tested the ability of adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector-mediated genetic modification of either skeletal muscle or liver to revert the already established disease phenotype of 2-month-old MPSIIIA males and females. Intramuscular administration of AAV-Sulfamidase failed to achieve significant therapeutic benefit in either gender. In contrast, AAV8-mediated liver-directed gene transfer achieved high and sustained levels of circulating active sulfamidase, which reached normal levels in females and was fourfold higher in males, and completely corrected lysosomal GAG accumulation in most somatic tissues. Remarkably, a 50% reduction of GAG accumulation was achieved throughout the entire brain of males, which correlated with a partial improvement of the pathology of cerebellum and cortex. Liver-directed gene transfer expanded the lifespan of MPSIIIA males, underscoring the importance of reaching supraphysiological plasma levels of enzyme for maximal therapeutic benefit. These results show how liver-directed gene transfer can reverse somatic and ameliorate neurological pathology in MPSIIIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Ruzo
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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Muñoz S, Franckhauser S, Elias I, Ferré T, Hidalgo A, Monteys AM, Molas M, Cerdán S, Pujol A, Ruberte J, Bosch F. Chronically increased glucose uptake by adipose tissue leads to lactate production and improved insulin sensitivity rather than obesity in the mouse. Diabetologia 2010; 53:2417-30. [PMID: 20623219 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-010-1840-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2010] [Accepted: 05/28/2010] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS In adipocytes, triacylglycerol synthesis depends on the formation of glycerol 3-phosphate, which originates either from glucose, through glycolysis, or from lactate, through glyceroneogenesis. However, glucose is traditionally viewed as the main precursor of the glycerol backbone and thus, enhanced glucose uptake would be expected to result in increased triacylglycerol synthesis and contribute to obesity. METHODS To further explore this issue, we generated a mouse model with chronically increased glucose uptake in adipose tissue by expressing Gck, which encodes the glucokinase enzyme. RESULTS Here we show that the production of high levels of glucokinase led to increased adipose tissue glucose uptake and lactate production, improved glucose tolerance and higher whole-body and skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity. There was no parallel increase in glycerol 3-phosphate synthesis in vivo, fat accumulation or obesity. Moreover, at high glucose concentrations, in cultured fat cells overproducing glucokinase, glycerol 3-phosphate synthesis from pyruvate decreased, while glyceroneogenesis increased in fat cells overproducing hexokinase II. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATIONS These findings indicate that the absence of glucokinase inhibition by glucose 6-phosphate probably led to increased glycolysis and blocked glyceroneogenesis in the mouse model. Furthermore, this study suggests that under physiological conditions, when blood glucose increases, glyceroneogenesis may prevail over glycolysis for triacylglycerol formation because of the inhibition of hexokinase II by glucose 6-phosphate. Together these results point to the indirect pathway (glucose to lactate to glycerol 3-phosphate) being key for fat deposition in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Muñoz
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Edifici H, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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Lebrun P, Cognard E, Gontard P, Bellon-Paul R, Filloux C, Berthault MF, Magnan C, Ruberte J, Luppo M, Pujol A, Pachera N, Herchuelz A, Bosch F, Van Obberghen E. The suppressor of cytokine signalling 2 (SOCS2) is a key repressor of insulin secretion. Diabetologia 2010; 53:1935-46. [PMID: 20499047 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-010-1786-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2010] [Accepted: 04/01/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Suppressor of cytokine signalling (SOCS) proteins are powerful inhibitors of pathways involved in survival and function of pancreatic beta cells. Whereas SOCS1 and SOCS3 have been involved in immune and inflammatory processes, respectively, in beta cells, nothing is known about SOCS2 implication in the pancreas. METHODS Transgenic (tg) mice were generated that constitutively produced SOCS2 in beta cells (betaSOCS2) to define whether this protein is implicated in beta cell functioning and/or survival. RESULTS Constitutive production of SOCS2 in beta cells leads to hyperglycaemia and glucose intolerance. This phenotype is not a consequence of decreased beta cell mass or inhibition of insulin synthesis. However, insulin secretion to various secretagogues is profoundly altered in intact animals and isolated islets. Interestingly, constitutive SOCS2 production dampens the rise in cytosolic free calcium concentration induced by glucose, while glucose metabolism is unchanged. Moreover, tg islets have a depletion in endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) stores, suggesting that SOCS2 interferes with calcium fluxes. Finally, in betaSOCS2 mice proinsulin maturation is impaired, leading to an altered structure of insulin secretory granules and augmented levels of proinsulin. The latter is likely to be due to decreased production of prohormone convertase 1 (PC1/3), which plays a key role in proinsulin cleavage. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATIONS SOCS2 was shown to be a potent regulator of proinsulin processing and insulin secretion in beta cells. While its constitutive production is insufficient to induce overt diabetes in this mouse model, it causes glucose intolerance. Thus, increased SOCS2 production could be an important event predisposing to beta cell failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lebrun
- INSERM U907, Avenue de Valombrose, Nice, France.
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Lebrun P, Cognard E, Bellon-Paul R, Gontard P, Filloux C, Jehl-Pietri C, Grimaldi P, Samson M, Pénicaud L, Ruberte J, Ferre T, Pujol A, Bosch F, Van Obberghen E. Constitutive expression of suppressor of cytokine signalling-3 in skeletal muscle leads to reduced mobility and overweight in mice. Diabetologia 2009; 52:2201-12. [PMID: 19672574 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-009-1474-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2009] [Accepted: 06/22/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Due to their ability to regulate various signalling pathways (cytokines, hormones, growth factors), the suppressor of cytokine signalling (SOCS) proteins are thought to be promising therapeutic targets for metabolic and inflammatory disorders. Hence, their role in vivo has to be precisely determined. METHODS We generated transgenic mice constitutively producing SOCS-3 in skeletal muscle to define whether the sole abundance of SOCS-3 is sufficient to induce metabolic disorders and whether SOCS-3 is implicated in physiological roles distinct from metabolism. RESULTS We demonstrate here that chronic expression of SOCS-3 in skeletal muscle leads to overweight in mice and worsening of high-fat diet-induced systemic insulin resistance. Counter-intuitively, insulin sensitivity in muscle of transgenic mice appears to be unaltered. However, following constitutive SOCS-3 production, several genes had deregulated expression, among them other members of the SOCS family. This could maintain the insulin signal into skeletal muscle. Interestingly, we found that SOCS-3 interacts with calcineurin, which has been implicated in muscle contractility. In Socs-3 transgenic muscle, this leads to delocalisation of calcineurin to the fibre periphery. Relevant to this finding, Socs-3 transgenic animals had dilatation of the sarcoplasmic reticulum associated with swollen mitochondria and decreased voluntary activity. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our results show that constitutive SOCS-3 production in skeletal muscle is not in itself sufficient to induce the establishment of metabolic disorders such as diabetes. In contrast, we reveal a novel role of SOCS-3, which appears to be important for muscle integrity and locomotor activity.
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Nacher V, Carretero A, Navarro M, Ayuso E, Ramos D, Luppo M, Rodríguez A, Mendes L, Herrero-Fresneda I, Ruberte J. Endothelial cell transduction in primary cultures from regressing mesonephros. Cells Tissues Organs 2009; 191:84-95. [PMID: 19641291 DOI: 10.1159/000231478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of renal function during normal aging is associated with vascular alterations. Consequently, new therapeutic approaches, including gene therapy, to protect renal endothelial cells are expected to be greatly beneficial. Quail mesonephros is a transitory embryonic kidney that has been used for the study of vascular development and involution. Vascular alterations in regressing mesonephros are similar to those observed in aging kidney. In the present study, we examined adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to endothelial cells in primary cultures from developing and regressing quail mesonephros. Quail embryos with developing and regressing mesonephros were examined on day 6 (30HH) and day 11 (40HH) of incubation, respectively. The senescence markers, associated beta-galactosidase activity and p16(INK4a), were examined in whole mesonephros. Quail embryos were injected intracardiacally with adenoviral vectors (rAd-CMV-LacZ) and endothelial cell transduction examined. In addition, primary cell cultures from mesonephros were exposed to adenoviral vectors. Endothelial cells in primary cultures were identified as QH1(+), LEP100(-) and acidic phosphatase(-) cells and adenovirus-transduced cells were those positive for bacterial-associated beta-galactosidase activity. We report that endothelial cells in the whole regressing mesonephros and primary cell cultures expressed senescence markers. In addition, we observed that adenoviral vectors were able to transduce endothelial cells in the whole regressing mesonephros, and that cultured endothelial and macrophagic cells from the regressing mesonephros were more efficiently transduced than those derived from the developing mesonephros. Our results suggest that quail mesonephros provides a practical model to assay gene transfer to endothelial cells in regressing/senescent vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Nacher
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), ES-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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Mendes-Jorge L, Ramos D, Luppo M, Llombart C, Alexandre-Pires G, Nacher V, Melgarejo V, Correia M, Navarro M, Carretero A, Tafuro S, Rodriguez-Baeza A, Esperança-Pina JA, Bosch F, Ruberte J. Scavenger function of resident autofluorescent perivascular macrophages and their contribution to the maintenance of the blood-retinal barrier. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2009; 50:5997-6005. [PMID: 19608545 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.09-3515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The retina contains two distinct populations of monocyte-derived cells: perivascular macrophages, and microglia. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the presence and function in mouse and human retinas of a subtype of resident perivascular macrophages with scavenger function, different from microglia, in physiological conditions and during retinopathy. METHODS Perivascular macrophages were characterized by means of confocal microscopy, electron microscopy, and flow cytometry analyses. Two murine models of blood-retinal barrier breakdown and photoreceptor degeneration were used to analyze the role of these macrophages during retinopathy. RESULTS The macrophages analyzed constituted a small population of resident perivascular cells different from microglia, since they were Iba-1 negative. Although these cells expressed F4/80 and CD11b antigens in common with microglia, they also expressed BM8 and MOMA-2 epitopes, which are macrophagic markers not expressed by microglia. Perivascular macrophages emitted autofluorescence due to cytoplasmic inclusions containing protein-bound oxidized lipids. They constitutively expressed the scavenger receptor class A and moved along blood vessels, providing an additional coating to thinner areas of the basement membrane. Moreover, they accumulated blood-borne horseradish peroxidase and acetylated low-density lipoprotein in healthy retinas. In addition, during blood-retinal barrier breakdown and photoreceptor degeneration, these cells migrated to the lesion site. CONCLUSIONS All these morphologic and functional features are consistent with those described for brain Mato cells. Thus, this study showed the presence of autofluorescent perivascular macrophages, different from microglia, with a scavenger function that may contribute to the maintenance of the blood-retinal barrier in healthy conditions and that are also involved in retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luísa Mendes-Jorge
- Interdisciplinary Center of Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Llombart C, Nacher V, Ramos D, Luppo M, Carretero A, Navarro M, Melgarejo V, Armengol C, Rodríguez-Baeza A, Mendes-Jorge L, Ruberte J. Morphological characterization of pecteneal hyalocytes in the developing quail retina. J Anat 2009; 215:280-91. [PMID: 19566699 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2009.01117.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The periphery of the vitreous body contains a population of cells termed hyalocytes. Despite the existence for more than one century of publications devoted to the pecten oculi, a convoluted coil of blood vessels that seems to be the primary source of nutrients for the avian avascular retina, little information can be found concerning the pecteneal hyalocytes. These cells are situated on the inner limiting membrane in close relationship with the convolute blood vessels. To characterize the origin and macrophagic activity of pecteneal hyalocytes, we have analysed two different stages of quail eye development using histochemistry and immunohistochemistry. Pecteneal hyalocytes express the QH1 epitope and cKit, confirming that these cells belong to the haematopoietic system. They also express vimentin, an intermediate filament protein present in cells of mesenchymal origin and very important for differentiation of fully active macrophages. However, similarly as described in porcine hyalocytes, pecteneal hyalocytes express the glial fibrillary acidic protein, a recognized neuroglial marker. Pecteneal hyalocytes did not express other neuroglial markers, such as glutamine synthetase or S100. Acidic phosphatase was activated and Lep100 was found in secondary lysosomes, confirming phagocytic activity of pecteneal hyalocytes during ocular development. Pecteneal hyalocytes strongly react with RCA-I, WFA, WGA, PNA, SNA, LEA and SBA lectins, whereas other avian macrophages from thymus and the bursa of Fabricius did not bind PNA, SNA and LEA lectins. Interestingly, WGA lectin reacts with all kinds of avian macrophages, including pecteneal hyalocytes, probably reflecting the specific binding of WGA to components of the phagocytic and endocytic pathways. In conclusion, pecteneal hyalocytes are a special subtype of blood-borne macrophages that express markers not specifically associated with the haematopoietic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Llombart
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193-Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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Agudo J, Ayuso E, Jimenez V, Salavert A, Casellas A, Tafuro S, Haurigot V, Ruberte J, Segovia JC, Bueren J, Bosch F. IGF-I mediates regeneration of endocrine pancreas by increasing beta cell replication through cell cycle protein modulation in mice. Diabetologia 2008; 51:1862-72. [PMID: 18663428 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-008-1087-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2008] [Accepted: 06/09/2008] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Recovery from diabetes requires restoration of beta cell mass. Igf1 expression in beta cells of transgenic mice regenerates the endocrine pancreas during type 1 diabetes. However, the IGF-I-mediated mechanism(s) restoring beta cell mass are not fully understood. Here, we examined the contribution of pre-existing beta cell proliferation and transdifferentiation of progenitor cells from bone marrow in IGF-I-induced islet regeneration. METHODS Streptozotocin (STZ)-treated Igf1-expressing transgenic mice transplanted with green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing bone marrow cells were used. Bone marrow cell transdifferentiation and beta cell replication were measured by GFP/insulin and by the antigen identified by monoclonal antibody Ki67/insulin immunostaining of pancreatic sections respectively. Key cell cycle proteins were measured by western blot, quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Despite elevated IGF-I production, recruitment and differentiation of bone marrow cells to beta cells was not increased either in healthy or STZ-treated transgenic mice. In contrast, after STZ treatment, IGF-I overproduction decreased beta cell apoptosis and increased beta cell replication by modulating key cell cycle proteins. Decreased nuclear levels of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (p27) and increased nuclear localisation of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-4 were consistent with increased beta cell proliferation. However, islet expression of cyclin D1 increased only after STZ treatment. In contrast, higher levels of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (p21) were detected in islets from non-STZ-treated transgenic mice. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These findings indicate that IGF-I modulates cell cycle proteins and increases replication of pre-existing beta cells after damage. Therefore, our study suggests that local production of IGF-I may be a safe approach to regenerate endocrine pancreas to reverse diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Agudo
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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Franckhauser S, Elias I, Rotter Sopasakis V, Ferré T, Nagaev I, Andersson CX, Agudo J, Ruberte J, Bosch F, Smith U. Overexpression of Il6 leads to hyperinsulinaemia, liver inflammation and reduced body weight in mice. Diabetologia 2008; 51:1306-16. [PMID: 18437347 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-008-0998-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2007] [Accepted: 02/21/2008] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS IL-6 is released by the adipose tissue and increased circulating levels in obesity are associated with hyperinsulinaemia and insulin resistance. Short-term experiments suggest that increased IL-6 release by the skeletal muscle following exercise may improve insulin sensitivity. METHODS In order to examine the effect of chronically elevated IL-6 levels, we overexpressed Il6 in skeletal muscle in mice using an electro-transfer procedure. RESULTS Circulating IL-6 levels were increased and the animals rapidly lost both weight and body fat, but food intake was unchanged, which is consistent with the finding that IL-6 increased energy expenditure. Insulin levels were inappropriately elevated and combined with hypoglycaemia in spite of reduced 2-deoxy-D: -glucose uptake by skeletal muscle. Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake by skeletal muscles ex vivo was reduced, probably due to the decreased amounts of glucose transporter (GLUT)-4. Beta cell insulin content was increased, while apparent beta cell mass was unchanged. Circulating serum amyloid A cluster levels were increased tenfold due to a pronounced proinflammatory state in the liver with infiltration of inflammatory cells. However, no liver steatosis was found, which may be accounted for by concomitant AMP kinase activation. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Chronically elevated IL-6 levels lead to inappropriate hyperinsulinaemia, reduced body weight, impaired insulin-stimulated glucose uptake by the skeletal muscles and marked inflammation in the liver. Thus, the pleiotrophic effects of chronically elevated IL-6 levels preclude any obvious usefulness in treating obesity or its associated metabolic complications in man, despite the fact that weight reduction may be expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Franckhauser
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra CIBERDEM-ISCIII, Spain
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Armengol C, Carretero A, Nacher V, Ruberte J, Navarro M. Carbohydrate characterization of quail primordial germ cells during migration and gonadal differentiation. J Anat 2007; 210:98-111. [PMID: 17229287 PMCID: PMC2100264 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2006.00668.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A selection of lectins were used to study changes in the distribution of sugar residues in primordial germ cells (PGCs) during gonadal colonization and differentiation. Although the cytochemical characteristics of PGCs have been described in the chick, little is known about such characteristics in other avian species of interest to experimental biology. Therefore, we studied embryos of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) by light and laser confocal scanning microscopy, using the QH1 antibody as a tool to identify PGCs in both sexes and at all stages. LEA, WGA and RCA-I bound to PGCs in a similar way to QH1. LEA was the best marker for all stages. The presence of acid phosphatase and the intense reaction of LEA, WGA, RCA-I and WFA at the cell surface were shown to be a useful tool in the study of the migratory PGCs of the quail. Quails were sexed histologically in younger embryos than in chick; results were confirmed by PCR. The lectin-binding pattern changed drastically in differentiated gonads. Cell surface reactivity was almost entirely lost. Quail differentiating oogonia showed a characteristic binding pattern to QH1 and to the lectins WGA, RCA-I and WFA. Binding was observed in intense spots in the Golgi complex, and there was a specific PNA reaction. These results suggest that some selective sugar binding sites on the PGCs play a significant role in their migration, colonization and maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Armengol
- Center for Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG) and the Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain
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Nacher V, Llombart C, Carretero A, Navarro M, Ysern P, Calero S, Fígols E, Ruberte J. A new system to reduce formaldehyde levels improves safety conditions during gross veterinary anatomy learning. J Vet Med Educ 2007; 34:168-71. [PMID: 17446644 DOI: 10.3138/jvme.34.2.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Dissection is a very useful method of learning veterinary anatomy. However, formaldehyde, which is widely used to preserve cadavers, is an irritant, and it has recently been classified as a carcinogen. In 1997, the Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo [National Institute of Workplace Security and Hygiene] found that the levels of formaldehyde in our dissection room were above the threshold limit values. Unfortunately, no optimal substitute for formaldehyde is currently available. Therefore, we designed a new ventilation system that combines slow propulsion of fresh air from above the dissection table and rapid aspiration of polluted air from the perimeter. Formaldehyde measurements performed in 2004, after the introduction of this new system into our dissection laboratory, showed a dramatic reduction (about tenfold, or 0.03 ppm). A suitable propelling/aspirating air system successfully reduces the concentration of formaldehyde in the dissection room, significantly improving safety conditions for students, instructors, and technical staff during gross anatomy learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Nacher
- Autonomous University of Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
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Nacher V, Carretero A, Navarro M, Armengol C, Llombart C, Rodríguez A, Herrero-Fresneda I, Ayuso E, Ruberte J. The quail mesonephros: a new model for renal senescence? J Vasc Res 2006; 43:581-6. [PMID: 17028443 DOI: 10.1159/000096076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2006] [Accepted: 08/05/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Renal senescence during normal aging is associated with specific vascular alterations and tissue degeneration. Although the degenerative program executed during embryonic kidney development is known to include vascular alterations, studies yet have to examine whether it involves replicative senescence. In this study, we assessed the potential of the quail mesonephros, a transitory embryonic kidney, as a model of human renal senescence. METHODS Quail embryos with developing or degenerating mesonephros were studied on day 6 or day 11 of incubation, respectively. Senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity, a marker of replicative senescence, was examined on whole mounts and sections. Senescent vascular characterization was performed by the scanning electron-microscopic analysis of vascular corrosion casts. RESULTS Senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity was found only in old mesonephros. Moreover, at 11 days of incubation glomerular capillaries showed discontinuities and were thinner and more tortuous than those observed at 6 days, characteristics also reported for the aging human kidney. CONCLUSION The degenerating quail mesonephros is a potential model of renal senescence, showing biochemical and morphological characteristics of the aging human kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Nacher
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Bellaterra, Spain
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Lacosta AM, Muniesa P, Ruberte J, Sarasa M, Domínguez L. Novel expression patterns of Pax3/Pax7 in early trunk neural crest and its melanocyte and non-melanocyte lineages in amniote embryos. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 18:243-51. [PMID: 16029418 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0749.2005.00238.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Neural crest cells are considered a key vertebrate feature that is studied intensively because of their relevance to development and evolution. Here we report the expression of Pax7 in the dorsal non-neural ectoderm and in the trunk neural crest of the early chick embryo. Pax7 is expressed in the trunk neural crest migrating along the ventral and dorsolateral routes. Pax7 is first downregulated in the neural crest-derived neuronal precursors, secondly in the glial, and finally in the melanocyte precursors. Conserved developmental expression in the melanocyte lineage of both Pax3 and Pax7 was evidenced in chick and quail, but only Pax3 in mouse and rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Lacosta
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Animal Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary, Miguel Servet 177, E-50013, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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Nacher V, Carretero A, Navarro M, Armengol C, Llombart C, Blasi J, Ruberte J. beta-Catenin expression during vascular development and degeneration of avian mesonephros. J Anat 2005; 206:165-74. [PMID: 15730481 PMCID: PMC1571466 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00382.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
beta-Catenin is a structural component of adherens junctions, a regulator of the Wnt signalling pathway and a transcriptional co-activator with a key role in vascular patterning. The avian mesonephros is a transitory embryonic kidney that is used in the study of vascular development and degeneration. Here we examine beta-catenin expression in this model during vascular development and degeneration. Quail embryos with developing or degenerating mesonephros were studied, on day 6 (30HH) or day 11 of incubation (40HH), respectively. QH1 whole mounts of developing mesonephros revealed numerous angioblast-like cells situated in the paramesonephric duct that seem to invade the mesonephros. Although these cells did not express beta-catenin, the surrounding periductal mesenchymal cells translocated high levels of beta-catenin into the nucleus. In contrast, degenerating mesonephros were devoid of angioblast-like cells and beta-catenin was lower than in the developing mesonephros. beta-Catenin was significantly reduced in the glomerular capillary tuffs, indicating that it was particularly down-regulated in the vascular system. No sex-related differences in beta-catenin expression were observed in degenerating mesonephros. Furthermore, two special populations of glomerular and peritubular endothelial cells were observed in degenerating mesonephros: one translocating beta-catenin into the nucleus and the other in apoptosis that did not translocate it. In conclusion, our results indicate that the paramesonephric duct is a potential new vasculogenetic pathway, and suggest that beta-catenin plays a role in the fate of mesonephric endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Nacher
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy and Center for Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Autonomous University of BarcelonaSpain
| | - Ana Carretero
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy and Center for Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Autonomous University of BarcelonaSpain
| | - Marc Navarro
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy and Center for Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Autonomous University of BarcelonaSpain
| | - Clara Armengol
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy and Center for Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Autonomous University of BarcelonaSpain
| | - Cristina Llombart
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy and Center for Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Autonomous University of BarcelonaSpain
| | - Juan Blasi
- Department of Cell Biology and Pathology, Medical School, Bellvitge Hospital, University of BarcelonaSpain
| | - Jesús Ruberte
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy and Center for Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Autonomous University of BarcelonaSpain
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