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Aprile E, Abe K, Agostini F, Ahmed Maouloud S, Althueser L, Andrieu B, Angelino E, Angevaare JR, Antochi VC, Antón Martin D, Arneodo F, Baudis L, Baxter AL, Bellagamba L, Biondi R, Bismark A, Brown A, Bruenner S, Bruno G, Budnik R, Bui TK, Cai C, Capelli C, Cardoso JMR, Cichon D, Clark M, Colijn AP, Conrad J, Cuenca-García JJ, Cussonneau JP, D'Andrea V, Decowski MP, Di Gangi P, Di Pede S, Di Giovanni A, Di Stefano R, Diglio S, Eitel K, Elykov A, Farrell S, Ferella AD, Ferrari C, Fischer H, Fulgione W, Gaemers P, Gaior R, Gallo Rosso A, Galloway M, Gao F, Gardner R, Glade-Beucke R, Grandi L, Grigat J, Guida M, Hammann R, Higuera A, Hils C, Hoetzsch L, Howlett J, Iacovacci M, Itow Y, Jakob J, Joerg F, Joy A, Kato N, Kara M, Kavrigin P, Kazama S, Kobayashi M, Koltman G, Kopec A, Kuger F, Landsman H, Lang RF, Levinson L, Li I, Li S, Liang S, Lindemann S, Lindner M, Liu K, Loizeau J, Lombardi F, Long J, Lopes JAM, Ma Y, Macolino C, Mahlstedt J, Mancuso A, Manenti L, Marignetti F, Marrodán Undagoitia T, Martens K, Masbou J, Masson D, Masson E, Mastroianni S, Messina M, Miuchi K, Mizukoshi K, Molinario A, Moriyama S, Morå K, Mosbacher Y, Murra M, Müller J, Ni K, Oberlack U, Paetsch B, Palacio J, Paschos P, Peres R, Peters C, Pienaar J, Pierre M, Pizzella V, Plante G, Qi J, Qin J, Ramírez García D, Reichard S, Rocchetti A, Rupp N, Sanchez L, Dos Santos JMF, Sarnoff I, Sartorelli G, Schreiner J, Schulte D, Schulte P, Schulze Eißing H, Schumann M, Scotto Lavina L, Selvi M, Semeria F, Shagin P, Shi S, Shockley E, Silva M, Simgen H, Stephen J, Takeda A, Tan PL, Terliuk A, Thers D, Toschi F, Trinchero G, Tunnell C, Tönnies F, Valerius K, Volta G, Wei Y, Weinheimer C, Weiss M, Wenz D, Wittweg C, Wolf T, Xu D, Xu Z, Yamashita M, Yang L, Ye J, Yuan L, Zavattini G, Zhong M, Zhu T. Search for New Physics in Electronic Recoil Data from XENONnT. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 129:161805. [PMID: 36306777 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.161805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We report on a blinded analysis of low-energy electronic recoil data from the first science run of the XENONnT dark matter experiment. Novel subsystems and the increased 5.9 ton liquid xenon target reduced the background in the (1, 30) keV search region to (15.8±1.3) events/(ton×year×keV), the lowest ever achieved in a dark matter detector and ∼5 times lower than in XENON1T. With an exposure of 1.16 ton-years, we observe no excess above background and set stringent new limits on solar axions, an enhanced neutrino magnetic moment, and bosonic dark matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Aprile
- Physics Department, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - K Abe
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, and Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo, Higashi-Mozumi, Kamioka, Hida, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
| | - F Agostini
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna and INFN-Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | | | - L Althueser
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - B Andrieu
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, CNRS/IN2P3, 75005 Paris, France
| | - E Angelino
- INAF-Astrophysical Observatory of Torino, Department of Physics, University of Torino and INFN-Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - J R Angevaare
- Nikhef and the University of Amsterdam, Science Park, 1098XG Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - V C Antochi
- Oskar Klein Centre, Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, Stockholm SE-10691, Sweden
| | - D Antón Martin
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - F Arneodo
- New York University Abu Dhabi-Center for Astro, Particle and Planetary Physics, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - L Baudis
- Physik-Institut, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A L Baxter
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - L Bellagamba
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna and INFN-Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - R Biondi
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso and Gran Sasso Science Institute, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - A Bismark
- Physik-Institut, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A Brown
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - S Bruenner
- Nikhef and the University of Amsterdam, Science Park, 1098XG Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - G Bruno
- SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, CNRS/IN2P3, Nantes Université, Nantes 44307, France
| | - R Budnik
- Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - T K Bui
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, and Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo, Higashi-Mozumi, Kamioka, Hida, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
| | - C Cai
- Department of Physics and Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - C Capelli
- Physik-Institut, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - J M R Cardoso
- LIBPhys, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - D Cichon
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Clark
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - A P Colijn
- Nikhef and the University of Amsterdam, Science Park, 1098XG Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - J Conrad
- Oskar Klein Centre, Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, Stockholm SE-10691, Sweden
| | - J J Cuenca-García
- Physik-Institut, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
- Institute for Astroparticle Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - J P Cussonneau
- SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, CNRS/IN2P3, Nantes Université, Nantes 44307, France
| | - V D'Andrea
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso and Gran Sasso Science Institute, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - M P Decowski
- Nikhef and the University of Amsterdam, Science Park, 1098XG Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - P Di Gangi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna and INFN-Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - S Di Pede
- Nikhef and the University of Amsterdam, Science Park, 1098XG Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - A Di Giovanni
- New York University Abu Dhabi-Center for Astro, Particle and Planetary Physics, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - R Di Stefano
- Department of Physics "Ettore Pancini," University of Napoli and INFN-Napoli, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - S Diglio
- SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, CNRS/IN2P3, Nantes Université, Nantes 44307, France
| | - K Eitel
- Institute for Astroparticle Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - A Elykov
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - S Farrell
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - A D Ferella
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso and Gran Sasso Science Institute, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - C Ferrari
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso and Gran Sasso Science Institute, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - H Fischer
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - W Fulgione
- INAF-Astrophysical Observatory of Torino, Department of Physics, University of Torino and INFN-Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso and Gran Sasso Science Institute, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - P Gaemers
- Nikhef and the University of Amsterdam, Science Park, 1098XG Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - R Gaior
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, CNRS/IN2P3, 75005 Paris, France
| | - A Gallo Rosso
- Oskar Klein Centre, Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, Stockholm SE-10691, Sweden
| | - M Galloway
- Physik-Institut, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - F Gao
- Department of Physics and Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - R Gardner
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - R Glade-Beucke
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - L Grandi
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - J Grigat
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - M Guida
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - R Hammann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Higuera
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - C Hils
- Institut für Physik & Exzellenzcluster PRISMA+, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - L Hoetzsch
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Howlett
- Physics Department, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - M Iacovacci
- Department of Physics "Ettore Pancini," University of Napoli and INFN-Napoli, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Y Itow
- Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Universe, and Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
| | - J Jakob
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - F Joerg
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Joy
- Oskar Klein Centre, Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, Stockholm SE-10691, Sweden
| | - N Kato
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, and Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo, Higashi-Mozumi, Kamioka, Hida, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
| | - M Kara
- Institute for Astroparticle Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - P Kavrigin
- Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - S Kazama
- Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Universe, and Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
| | - M Kobayashi
- Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Universe, and Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
| | - G Koltman
- Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - A Kopec
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - F Kuger
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - H Landsman
- Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - R F Lang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - L Levinson
- Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - I Li
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - S Li
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - S Liang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - S Lindemann
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - M Lindner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - K Liu
- Department of Physics and Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - J Loizeau
- SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, CNRS/IN2P3, Nantes Université, Nantes 44307, France
| | - F Lombardi
- Institut für Physik & Exzellenzcluster PRISMA+, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - J Long
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - J A M Lopes
- LIBPhys, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Y Ma
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - C Macolino
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso and Gran Sasso Science Institute, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - J Mahlstedt
- Oskar Klein Centre, Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, Stockholm SE-10691, Sweden
| | - A Mancuso
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna and INFN-Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - L Manenti
- New York University Abu Dhabi-Center for Astro, Particle and Planetary Physics, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - F Marignetti
- Department of Physics "Ettore Pancini," University of Napoli and INFN-Napoli, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | | | - K Martens
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, and Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo, Higashi-Mozumi, Kamioka, Hida, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
| | - J Masbou
- SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, CNRS/IN2P3, Nantes Université, Nantes 44307, France
| | - D Masson
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - E Masson
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, CNRS/IN2P3, 75005 Paris, France
| | - S Mastroianni
- Department of Physics "Ettore Pancini," University of Napoli and INFN-Napoli, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - M Messina
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso and Gran Sasso Science Institute, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - K Miuchi
- Department of Physics, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - K Mizukoshi
- Department of Physics, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - A Molinario
- INAF-Astrophysical Observatory of Torino, Department of Physics, University of Torino and INFN-Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - S Moriyama
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, and Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo, Higashi-Mozumi, Kamioka, Hida, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
| | - K Morå
- Physics Department, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Y Mosbacher
- Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - M Murra
- Physics Department, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - J Müller
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - K Ni
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - U Oberlack
- Institut für Physik & Exzellenzcluster PRISMA+, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - B Paetsch
- Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - J Palacio
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - P Paschos
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - R Peres
- Physik-Institut, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - C Peters
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - J Pienaar
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - M Pierre
- SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, CNRS/IN2P3, Nantes Université, Nantes 44307, France
| | - V Pizzella
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - G Plante
- Physics Department, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - J Qi
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - J Qin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - S Reichard
- Institute for Astroparticle Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - A Rocchetti
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - N Rupp
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - L Sanchez
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - J M F Dos Santos
- LIBPhys, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - I Sarnoff
- New York University Abu Dhabi-Center for Astro, Particle and Planetary Physics, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - G Sartorelli
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna and INFN-Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - J Schreiner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D Schulte
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - P Schulte
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - H Schulze Eißing
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - M Schumann
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - M Selvi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna and INFN-Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - F Semeria
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna and INFN-Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - P Shagin
- Institut für Physik & Exzellenzcluster PRISMA+, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - S Shi
- Physics Department, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - E Shockley
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - M Silva
- LIBPhys, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - H Simgen
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Stephen
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - A Takeda
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, and Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo, Higashi-Mozumi, Kamioka, Hida, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
| | - P-L Tan
- Oskar Klein Centre, Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, Stockholm SE-10691, Sweden
| | - A Terliuk
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D Thers
- SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, CNRS/IN2P3, Nantes Université, Nantes 44307, France
| | - F Toschi
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - G Trinchero
- INAF-Astrophysical Observatory of Torino, Department of Physics, University of Torino and INFN-Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - C Tunnell
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - F Tönnies
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - K Valerius
- Institute for Astroparticle Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - G Volta
- Physik-Institut, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Y Wei
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - C Weinheimer
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - M Weiss
- Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - D Wenz
- Institut für Physik & Exzellenzcluster PRISMA+, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C Wittweg
- Physik-Institut, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - T Wolf
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D Xu
- Department of Physics and Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Z Xu
- Physics Department, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - M Yamashita
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, and Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo, Higashi-Mozumi, Kamioka, Hida, Gifu 506-1205, Japan
| | - L Yang
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - J Ye
- Physics Department, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - L Yuan
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - G Zavattini
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna and INFN-Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - M Zhong
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - T Zhu
- Physics Department, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
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Fergus K, Tanen A, Ahmad S, Gardner S, Warner E, McLeod D, Stephen J, Carter W, Periera A. Treatment Satisfaction With Couplelinks Online Intervention to Promote Dyadic Coping in Young Couples Affected by Breast Cancer. Front Psychol 2022; 13:862555. [PMID: 35783696 PMCID: PMC9245623 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.862555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study evaluated participant satisfaction with “Couplelinks,” an online psychological intervention designed for younger couples coping with breast cancer. The program included six experiential learning exercises (plus one optional module), psychoeducational information, and support from a personal mental health professional. Objective The primary objectives were to examine participants’ perceptions of: the online intervention’s structure and content; the value of including a professional facilitator; and benefits and drawbacks of the program. Methods A treatment satisfaction questionnaire comprised of Likert indices and open-ended questions pertaining to treatment satisfaction was completed by 26 patients and 27 male partners (N = 53) approximately 1–2 weeks following the intervention which occurred in the context of a randomized controlled trial. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize satisfaction ratings and generalized linear models with fixed effect for gender were used to test for differences in male-female outcomes. A thematic analysis was undertaken in order to understand, organize and summarize the qualitative textual feedback. Results Participants reported an overall satisfaction rating of 4.3 out of 5 (SD = 0.54) with patient satisfaction ratings being higher than that of male partners’ (p = 0.01). The majority of participants considered the facilitator’s role to be necessary 4.6 (SD = 0.60), and found the program to be convenient 4.1 (SD = 0.81) despite some participants struggling to keep up with the modules. Subjective data revealed participants valued the convenience and flexibility of the online intervention and appreciated the program’s involvement of both partners. Participants also reported that including a professional facilitator humanized the intervention, served as motivation to progress through the program, facilitated insight into their relationship, and was reassuring. Experiential gains noted by participants included that the program: helped couples to open channels of communication; prompted them to designate quality time for one another; evoked feelings of unity and togetherness; and inspired new insight in the relationship. Conclusion Such feedback supports the feasibility and acceptability of the Couplelinks program while offering directions for improvement of online couple-based interventions in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Fergus
- Psychosocial Oncology Lab, Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Karen Fergus, ,
| | - Adina Tanen
- School of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Saunia Ahmad
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto Psychology Clinic, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sandra Gardner
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ellen Warner
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Deborah McLeod
- School of Nursing, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Joanne Stephen
- Clinical Neurosciences, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Wendy Carter
- Toronto Academic Pain Institute, Women’s College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Amanda Periera
- Psychosocial Oncology Lab, Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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3
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Fergus K, Ahmad S, Gardner S, Ianakieva I, McLeod D, Stephen J, Carter W, Periera A, Warner E, Panchaud J. Couplelinks online intervention for young couples facing breast cancer: A randomised controlled trial. Psychooncology 2021; 31:512-520. [PMID: 34669239 DOI: 10.1002/pon.5836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Young women with breast cancer and their partners are more distressed than couples who are affected later in life. While dyadic interventions in the context of cancer are promising, there are access barriers, particularly for younger couples. This study evaluated Couplelinks, a professionally facilitated, web-based program designed to help couples improve their conjoint coping. METHOD This randomised controlled trial employed a waitlist control evaluation of the program. Outcomes included dyadic coping, relationship adjustment, depression, and anxiety. RESULTS Seventy-five couples consented to participate and were randomised. The final analysis included 31 couples in the treatment group and 36 couples in the waitlist group. Modest improvements were found in positive dyadic coping but effects were not maintained at 3-month follow-up. No effect was seen on overall relationship adjustment. CONCLUSIONS Our findings inform the rapidly expanding field of online programming for couples in general, and those affected by BC in particular. Intervention timing, 'dose', low overall relational distress, and the mainly enrichment rather than problem-focus of Couplelinks may help explain the lack of change on relationship adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Fergus
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Saunia Ahmad
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Toronto Psychology Clinic, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandra Gardner
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Iana Ianakieva
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Deborah McLeod
- School of Nursing, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Joanne Stephen
- Clinical Neurosciences, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Wendy Carter
- Toronto Academic Pain Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amanda Periera
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ellen Warner
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jim Panchaud
- Campus Ministry, King's University College, London, Ontario, Canada
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4
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Walker LM, Wiebe E, Turner J, Driga A, Andrews-Lepine E, Ayume A, Stephen J, Glaze S, Booker R, Doll C, Phan T, Brennan K, Robinson JW. The Oncology and Sexuality, Intimacy, and Survivorship Program Model: An Integrated, Multi-disciplinary Model of Sexual Health Care within Oncology. J Cancer Educ 2021; 36:377-385. [PMID: 31797198 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-019-01641-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Cancer-related sexual dysfunction is documented as one of the most distressing and long-lasting survivorship concerns of cancer patients. Canadian cancer patients routinely report sexuality concerns and difficulty getting help. In response to this gap in care, clinical practice guidelines were recently published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. A sweeping trend is the creation of specialized clinics for patients' sexual health concerns. However, this much-needed attempt to address this service gap can be difficult to sustain without addressing the cancer care system from a broader perspective. Herein, we describe the implementation of a tiered systemic model of cancer-related sexual health programming in a tertiary cancer center. This program follows the Permission, Limited Information, Specific Suggestions, Intensive Therapy (PLISSIT) model, used previously for guiding individual practitioners. Visually, the model resembles a pyramid. The top 2 levels, corresponding to Intensive Therapy and Specific Suggestions, are comprised of group-based interventions for common cancer-related sexual concerns and a multi-disciplinary clinic for patients with complex concerns. The bottom 2 levels, corresponding to Permission and Limited Information, consist of patient education and provider education and consultation services. We describe lessons learned during the development and implementation of this program, including the necessity for group-based services to prevent inundation of referrals to the specialized clinic, and the observation that creating specialized resources also increased the likelihood that providers would inquire about patients' sexual concerns. Such lessons suggest that successful sexual health programming requires services from a systemic approach to increase sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Walker
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Ericka Wiebe
- University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jill Turner
- University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Amy Driga
- University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Sarah Glaze
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Corinne Doll
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Tien Phan
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - John W Robinson
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada
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5
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Murphy K, Stephen J, Steidley D, Rosenthal J, Hardaway B, Scott R, Coco T, LeMond L. Eculizumab for Treatment of Biopsy Negative Rejection in Heart Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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6
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Bantum E, Elhadad N, Owen JE, Zhang S, Golant M, Buzaglo J, Stephen J, Giese-Davis J. Correction to: Machine Learning for Identifying Emotional Expression in Text: Improving the Accuracy of Established Methods. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 5:416. [PMID: 33778157 DOI: 10.1007/s41347-020-00170-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
[This corrects the article PMC7467127.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Bantum
- Cancer Prevention & Control Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Noémie Elhadad
- Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jason E Owen
- Dissemination & Training Division, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Livermore, CA, USA
| | - Shaodian Zhang
- Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Janine Giese-Davis
- Cumming School of Medicine, Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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7
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Lang MJ, Dort JC, Stephen J, Lamont L, Giese-Davis J. Narrative-Informed, Emotion-Focused Psychotherapy in Synchronous, Online Chat Groups for Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer: A Proof-of-Concept Study. J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol 2020; 9:676-682. [PMID: 32614264 PMCID: PMC7757545 DOI: 10.1089/jayao.2020.0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Few, scalable, evidence-based psychosocial interventions exist for adolescent and young adult cancer survivors (AYAs, 18–39 years old). Using an existing, facilitated, online synchronous chat group-plus-education model (OSG+E), we replaced their educational workbook with an AYA-created film to stimulate an age-specific, emotion-focused group discussion (OSG+V). This randomized proof-of-concept trial compared the two models' content suitability, group processes, and feasibility over 9 months in 34 male and female AYAs with a range of cancers. AYAs rated the OSG + V model more suitable, cohesive, and as having higher levels of important group processes than the OSG+E. A larger randomized trial is feasible for this AYA-appropriate, emotion-focused OSG + V model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Lang
- Faculty of Nursing and Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Joseph C Dort
- Departments of Surgery, Oncology, and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Joanne Stephen
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lisa Lamont
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Janine Giese-Davis
- Division of Psychosocial Oncology, Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, and Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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8
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Nadolski A, Vieira JD, Sobrin JA, Kofman AM, Ade PAR, Ahmed Z, Anderson AJ, Avva JS, Basu Thakur R, Bender AN, Benson BA, Bryant L, Carlstrom JE, Carter FW, Cecil TW, Chang CL, Cheshire JR, Chesmore GE, Cliche JF, Cukierman A, de Haan T, Dierickx M, Ding J, Dutcher D, Everett W, Farwick J, Ferguson KR, Florez L, Foster A, Fu J, Gallicchio J, Gambrel AE, Gardner RW, Groh JC, Guns S, Guyser R, Halverson NW, Harke-Hosemann AH, Harrington NL, Harris RJ, Henning JW, Holzapfel WL, Howe D, Huang N, Irwin KD, Jeong O, Jonas M, Jones A, Korman M, Kovac J, Kubik DL, Kuhlmann S, Kuo CL, Lee AT, Lowitz AE, McMahon J, Meier J, Meyer SS, Michalik D, Montgomery J, Natoli T, Nguyen H, Noble GI, Novosad V, Padin S, Pan Z, Paschos P, Pearson J, Posada CM, Quan W, Rahlin A, Riebel D, Ruhl JE, Sayre JT, Shirokoff E, Smecher G, Stark AA, Stephen J, Story KT, Suzuki A, Tandoi C, Thompson KL, Tucker C, Vanderlinde K, Wang G, Whitehorn N, Yefremenko V, Yoon KW, Young MR. Broadband, millimeter-wave antireflection coatings for large-format, cryogenic aluminum oxide optics. Appl Opt 2020; 59:3285-3295. [PMID: 32400613 DOI: 10.1364/ao.383921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We present two prescriptions for broadband ($ {\sim} 77 - 252\;{\rm GHz} $), millimeter-wave antireflection coatings for cryogenic, sintered polycrystalline aluminum oxide optics: one for large-format (700 mm diameter) planar and plano-convex elements, the other for densely packed arrays of quasi-optical elements-in our case, 5 mm diameter half-spheres (called "lenslets"). The coatings comprise three layers of commercially available, polytetrafluoroethylene-based, dielectric sheet material. The lenslet coating is molded to fit the 150 mm diameter arrays directly, while the large-diameter lenses are coated using a tiled approach. We review the fabrication processes for both prescriptions, then discuss laboratory measurements of their transmittance and reflectance. In addition, we present the inferred refractive indices and loss tangents for the coating materials and the aluminum oxide substrate. We find that at 150 GHz and 300 K the large-format coating sample achieves $ (97 \pm 2)\% $ transmittance, and the lenslet coating sample achieves $ (94 \pm 3)\% $ transmittance.
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9
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Shenkin SD, Fox C, Goodacre S, Weir CJ, Godfrey M, Siddiqi N, Young J, Anand A, Gray A, Hanley J, MacRaild A, Steven J, Black PL, Boyd J, Tieges Z, Stephen J, MacLullich AM. 131UTILITY OF THE 4AT RAPID ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENT IN ASSESSMENT OF DELIRIUM AND COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN ACUTE CARE. Age Ageing 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afy207.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - C Fox
- University of East Anglia
| | | | | | | | - N Siddiqi
- University of York, Edinburgh Napier University
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10
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Anand A, Cudmore S, Robertson S, Stephen J, Haga K, Weir CJ, Murray SA, Boyd K, Gunn J, Iqbal J, MacLullich A, Shenkin S, Fox KAA, Mills NL, Denvir MA. P4616Frailty assessment and risk prediction by GRACE score in older patients with acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.p4616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Anand
- University of Edinburgh, Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - S Cudmore
- Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - S Robertson
- Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - J Stephen
- Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - K Haga
- Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - C J Weir
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - S A Murray
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - K Boyd
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - J Gunn
- University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - J Iqbal
- University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - A MacLullich
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - S Shenkin
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - K A A Fox
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - N L Mills
- University of Edinburgh, Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - M A Denvir
- University of Edinburgh, Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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11
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Stephen J, Al-Saleh S, LeMond L, Rosenthal J, Steidley D. Keeping Tacrolimus Levels Therapeutic: Step-Wise Protocol for Itraconazole Discontinuation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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12
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Toivonen KI, Tamagawa R, Speca M, Stephen J, Carlson LE. Open to Exploration? Association of Personality Factors With Complementary Therapy Use After Breast Cancer Treatment. Integr Cancer Ther 2018; 17:785-792. [PMID: 29361852 PMCID: PMC6142093 DOI: 10.1177/1534735417753539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Many cancer survivors seek complementary therapies (CTs) to
improve their quality of life. While it is well-known that women who are
younger, more highly educated, and have higher incomes are more likely to use
CTs, individual differences such as personality factors have been largely
unexplored as predictors of CT use. Methods: In a secondary
analysis of a larger study, 270 women with stage I to III breast cancer
completed self-report measures of demographic and illness-related information,
personality variables, and use of several different types of CTs. A series of
logistic regression models were used to explore whether demographic,
illness-related, and personality variables predicted different types of CT use.
Results: Prior relationships between education and CT use were
replicated. There were no significant relationships between illness-related
variables and different types of CT use. Of the 5 personality factors, only
openness to experience was a significant predictor of multiple types of CT use.
Conclusions: Openness to experience may represent an individual
difference variable that predicts CT use among cancer survivors. CTs themselves
may represent a form of intellectual curiosity and novelty seeking. Further
studies are needed to replicate and examine the generalizability of the
relationship between openness to experience and CT use in oncology
populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsti I Toivonen
- 1 Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Rie Tamagawa
- 2 CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael Speca
- 2 CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,3 Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Joanne Stephen
- 2 CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Linda E Carlson
- 2 CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,3 Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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13
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Abat F, Alfredson H, Cucchiarini M, Madry H, Marmotti A, Mouton C, Oliveira JM, Pereira H, Peretti GM, Romero-Rodriguez D, Spang C, Stephen J, van Bergen CJA, de Girolamo L. Current trends in tendinopathy: consensus of the ESSKA basic science committee. Part I: biology, biomechanics, anatomy and an exercise-based approach. J Exp Orthop 2017; 4:18. [PMID: 28560707 PMCID: PMC5449348 DOI: 10.1186/s40634-017-0092-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic tendinopathies represent a major problem in the clinical practice of sports orthopaedic surgeons, sports doctors and other health professionals involved in the treatment of athletes and patients that perform repetitive actions. The lack of consensus relative to the diagnostic tools and treatment modalities represents a management dilemma for these professionals. With this review, the purpose of the ESSKA Basic Science Committee is to establish guidelines for understanding, diagnosing and treating this complex pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Abat
- Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, ReSport Clinic, Passeig Fabra i Puig 47, 08030, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - H Alfredson
- Sports Medicine Unit, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden.,Alfredson Tendon Clinic Inc, Umeå, Sweden.,Pure Sports Medicine Clinic, ISEH, UCLH, London, UK
| | - M Cucchiarini
- Molecular Biology, Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrbergerstr Bldg 37, 66421, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - H Madry
- Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Orthopädie und Arthroseforschung, Universität des Saarlandes, Gebäude 37, Kirrbergerstr 1, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - A Marmotti
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - C Mouton
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Clinique d'Eich-Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, 76, rue d'Eich, L-1460, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - J M Oliveira
- 3B's Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, GMR, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - H Pereira
- 3B's Research Group University of Minho, ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal.,Orthopedic Department Centro Hospitalar Póvoa de Varzim, Vila do Conde, Portugal.,Ripoll y De Prado Sports Clinic - FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Murcia, Madrid, Spain
| | - G M Peretti
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - D Romero-Rodriguez
- Department of Physical Therapy and Sports Rehabilitation, ReSport Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,EUSES Sports Science, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - C Spang
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Anatomy Section, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - J Stephen
- Fortius Clinic, 17 Fitzhardinge St, London, W1H 6EQ, UK.,The Biomechanics Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - C J A van Bergen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Amphia Hospital Breda, Breda, The Netherlands
| | - L de Girolamo
- Orthopaedic Biotechnology Laboratory, Galeazzi Orthopaedic Institute, Milan, Italy
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14
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Bantum EO, Elhadad N, Owen JE, Zhang S, Golant M, Buzaglo J, Stephen J, Giese-Davis J. Machine Learning for Identifying Emotional Expression in Text: Improving the Accuracy of Established Methods. J Technol Behav Sci 2017; 2:21-27. [PMID: 32885036 PMCID: PMC7467127 DOI: 10.1007/s41347-017-0015-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Expression of emotion has been linked to numerous critical and beneficial aspects of human functioning. Accurately capturing emotional expression in text grows in relevance as people continue to spend more time in an online environment. The Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) is a commonly used program for the identification of many constructs, including emotional expression. In an earlier study (Bantum & Owen, 2009) LIWC was demonstrated to have good sensitivity yet poor positive predictive value. The goal of the current study was to create an automated machine learning technique to mimic manual coding. The sample included online support groups, cancer discussion boards, and transcripts from an expressive writing study, which resulted in 39,367 sentence-level coding decisions. In examining the entire sample the machine learning approach outperformed LIWC, in all categories outside of Sensitivity for negative emotion (LIWC Sensitivity = .85; Machine Learning Sensitivity = .41), although LIWC does not take into consideration prosocial emotion, such as affection, interest, and validation. LIWC performed significantly better than the machine learning approach when removing the prosocial emotions (p = <.0001). The sample over-represented examples of emotion that fit into the overarching category of positive emotion. Remaining work is needed to create more effective machine learning features for codes that are thought to be important emotionally but were not well represented in the sample (e.g., frustration, contempt, and belligerence), and Machine Learning could be a fruitful method for continued exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin O Bantum
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center; Cancer Prevention & Control Program
| | | | - Jason E Owen
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System; Dissemination & Training Division
| | | | | | | | | | - Janine Giese-Davis
- University of Calgary; Cumming School of Medicine; Department of Oncology, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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15
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Stephen J, Scales HE, Benson RA, Erben D, Garside P, Brewer JM. Neutrophil swarming and extracellular trap formation play a significant role in Alum adjuvant activity. NPJ Vaccines 2017; 2:1. [PMID: 29263862 PMCID: PMC5604741 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-016-0001-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
There are over 6 billion vaccine doses administered each year, most containing aluminium-based adjuvants, yet we still do not have a complete understanding of their mechanisms of action. Recent evidence has identified host DNA and downstream sensing as playing a significant role in aluminium adjuvant (aluminium hydroxide) activity. However, the cellular source of this DNA, how it is sensed by the immune system and the consequences of this for vaccination remains unclear. Here we show that the very early injection site reaction is characterised by inflammatory chemokine production and neutrophil recruitment. Intravital imaging demonstrates that the Alum injection site is a focus of neutrophil swarms and extracellular DNA strands. These strands were confirmed as neutrophil extracellular traps due to their sensitivity to DNAse and absence in mice deficient in peptidylarginine deiminase 4. Further studies in PAD4−/− mice confirmed a significant role for neutrophil extracellular trap formation in the adjuvant activity of Alum. By revealing neutrophils recruited to the site of Alum injection as a source of the DNA that is detected by the immune system this study provides the missing link between Alum injection and the activation of DNA sensors that enhance adjuvant activity, elucidating a key mechanism of action for this important vaccine component. Researchers have identified the mechanism of action in which aluminium hydroxide (alum) boosts the efficacy of co-administered vaccines. In this study, James Brewer and colleagues from the University of Glasgow, UK, studied the effects of alum co-administration in a mouse model, finding that the compound induces immune cells, called neutrophils, to swarm around the site of immunization and produce neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs, webs of DNA and cell contents formed under certain conditions of neutrophil cell death, immobilize pathogens and promote their elimination. This study builds on previous research and demonstrates that alum artificially stimulates this pathway to boost the adaptive immune response to vaccine antigens, increasing their immunogenicity. The authors also suggest further study into neutrophil components as potential therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Stephen
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences Sir Graeme Davies Building, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8TA Scotland UK
| | - H E Scales
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences Sir Graeme Davies Building, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8TA Scotland UK
| | - R A Benson
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences Sir Graeme Davies Building, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8TA Scotland UK
| | - D Erben
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences Sir Graeme Davies Building, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8TA Scotland UK
| | - P Garside
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences Sir Graeme Davies Building, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8TA Scotland UK
| | - J M Brewer
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences Sir Graeme Davies Building, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8TA Scotland UK
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16
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Shahrour MA, Staretz-Chacham O, Dayan D, Stephen J, Weech A, Damseh N, Pri Chen H, Edvardson S, Mazaheri S, Saada A, Hershkovitz E, Shaag A, Huizing M, Abu-Libdeh B, Gahl WA, Azem A, Anikster Y, Vilboux T, Elpeleg O, Malicdan MC. Mitochondrial epileptic encephalopathy, 3-methylglutaconic aciduria and variable complex V deficiency associated with TIMM50 mutations. Clin Genet 2016; 91:690-696. [PMID: 27573165 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial encephalopathies are a heterogeneous group of disorders that, usually carry grave prognosis. Recently a homozygous mutation, Gly372Ser, in the TIMM50 gene, was reported in an abstract form, in three sibs who suffered from intractable epilepsy and developmental delay accompanied by 3-methylglutaconic aciduria. We now report on four patients from two unrelated families who presented with severe intellectual disability and seizure disorder, accompanied by slightly elevated lactate level, 3-methylglutaconic aciduria and variable deficiency of mitochondrial complex V. Using exome analysis we identified two homozygous missense mutations, Arg217Trp and Thr252Met, in the TIMM50 gene. The TIMM50 protein is a subunit of TIM23 complex, the mitochondrial import machinery. It serves as the major receptor in the intermembrane space, binding to proteins which cross the mitochondrial inner membrane on their way to the matrix. The mutations, which affected evolutionary conserved residues and segregated with the disease in the families, were neither present in large cohorts of control exome analyses nor in our ethnic specific exome cohort. Given the phenotypic similarity, we conclude that missense mutations in TIMM50 are likely manifesting by severe intellectual disability and epilepsy accompanied by 3-methylglutaconic aciduria and variable mitochondrial complex V deficiency. 3-methylglutaconic aciduria is emerging as an important biomarker for mitochondrial dysfunction, in particular for mitochondrial membrane defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Shahrour
- Department of Pediatrics, Al-Makassed Islamic Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - O Staretz-Chacham
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Soroka Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheba, Israel
| | - D Dayan
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - J Stephen
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - A Weech
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - N Damseh
- Department of Pediatrics, Al-Makassed Islamic Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - H Pri Chen
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Graduate Partnerships Program, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel, and the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - S Edvardson
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Hadassah, Hebrew University Medical Center Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - S Mazaheri
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - A Saada
- Monique and Jacques Roboh Department of Genetic Research, Hadassah, Hebrew University Medical Center Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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- NIH Intramural Sequencing Center (NISC), National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - E Hershkovitz
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Soroka Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheba, Israel
| | - A Shaag
- NIH Intramural Sequencing Center (NISC), National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - M Huizing
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - B Abu-Libdeh
- Department of Pediatrics, Al-Makassed Islamic Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - W A Gahl
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - A Azem
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Y Anikster
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - T Vilboux
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Division of Medical Genomics, Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - O Elpeleg
- NIH Intramural Sequencing Center (NISC), National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - M C Malicdan
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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17
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Schellekens MPJ, Tamagawa R, Labelle LE, Speca M, Stephen J, Drysdale E, Sample S, Pickering B, Dirkse D, Savage LL, Carlson LE. Mindfulness-Based Cancer Recovery (MBCR) versus Supportive Expressive Group Therapy (SET) for distressed breast cancer survivors: evaluating mindfulness and social support as mediators. J Behav Med 2016; 40:414-422. [PMID: 27722908 PMCID: PMC5406481 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-016-9799-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite growing evidence in support of mindfulness as an underlying mechanism of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs), it has been suggested that nonspecific therapeutic factors, such as the experience of social support, may contribute to the positive effects of MBIs. In the present study, we examined whether change in mindfulness and/or social support mediated the effect of Mindfulness-Based Cancer Recovery (MBCR) compared to another active intervention (i.e. Supportive Expressive Group Therapy (SET)), on change in mood disturbance, stress symptoms and quality of life. A secondary analysis was conducted of a multi-site randomized clinical trial investigating the impacts of MBCR and SET on distressed breast cancer survivors (MINDSET). We applied the causal steps approach with bootstrapping to test mediation, using pre- and post-intervention questionnaire data of the participants who were randomised to MBCR (n = 69) or SET (n = 70). MBCR participants improved significantly more on mood disturbance, stress symptoms and social support, but not on quality of life or mindfulness, compared to SET participants. Increased social support partially mediated the impact of MBCR versus SET on mood disturbance and stress symptoms. Because no group differences on mindfulness and quality of life were observed, no mediation analyses were performed on these variables. Findings showed that increased social support was related to more improvement in mood and stress after MBCR compared to support groups, whereas changes in mindfulness were not. This suggests a more important role for social support in enhancing outcomes in MBCR than previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie P J Schellekens
- Radboud Centre for Mindfulness, Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Centre, Reinier Postlaan 4, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Rie Tamagawa
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Psychosocial Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Laura E Labelle
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Psychosocial Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Michael Speca
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Psychosocial Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Elaine Drysdale
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sarah Sample
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Barbara Pickering
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Dale Dirkse
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Linda E Carlson
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Psychosocial Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada
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18
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Cunningham AJ, Phillips C, Stephen J, Edmonds C. Fighting for Life: A Qualitative Analysis of the Process of Psychotherapy-Assisted Self-Help in Patients With Metastatic Cancer. Integr Cancer Ther 2016; 1:146-61. [PMID: 14664740 DOI: 10.1177/1534735402001002006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This exploratory study is an attempt to define psychological attributes related to longer survival in patients with meta-static cancers. Previous published analyses have been limited in two ways. First, they have almost always been carried out on patients not receiving therapy; we have followed people receiving a year of group therapy, on the assumption that if mental qualities are to affect cancer progression, substantial mental change would be needed to alter the established balance between the cancer cells and host regulatory mechanisms. Second, the methods typically used to characterize patients’ psychology have been self-report inventories, and many decades of research with such methods have largely failed to produce a consensus on what mental qualities, if any, promote survival. By contrast, we have used qualitative methods, allowing a much more in-depth analysis of the patients, without preliminary assumptions as to what would be important. The present report describes the results of a detailed qualitative analysis of data collected from 22 participants over a year of weekly group therapy. Using grounded methods, categories were derived from the extensive verbal data (comprising patients’ written homework and therapists’ notes), and linked in a model of change. By applying ratings to some of these categories, and combining these ratings, we derived a quantitative estimate of patients’“involvement in self-help.” Rankings on degree of involvement corresponded quite closely with the quality of patients’ experience and with their survival duration. There was a great range in degree of involvement, and various subgroupings could be discerned. Nine of the participants were classed as “highly involved,” meaning that they devoted regular daily time, often several hours, to such self-help strategies as relaxation, mental imaging, meditation, cognitive monitoring and journalling. All but 1 of these patients enjoyed a good quality of life and lived at least 2 years. Two of them have remained in complete remission for 7 years. At the other end of the scale, 8 patients showed little application to the work, being either unconvinced that it would help them or hampered by psychological problems such as low self-esteem. None of these was rated as having a good quality of life, and only 1 lived more than 2 years, although, as a group, their medicalprognoses were no more unfavorable at the onset of therapy than for the “high involvement” group. The different subgroups and aspects of the model are illustrated by representative quotations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alastair J Cunningham
- Ontario Cancer Institute/Princess Margaret Hospital, Department of Epidemiology, Statistics and Behavioral Science, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5G-2M9.
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19
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Carlson LE, Tamagawa R, Stephen J, Drysdale E, Zhong L, Speca M. Randomized-controlled trial of mindfulness-based cancer recovery versus supportive expressive group therapy among distressed breast cancer survivors (MINDSET): long-term follow-up results. Psychooncology 2016; 25:750-9. [DOI: 10.1002/pon.4150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linda E. Carlson
- Department of Oncology; University of Calgary; Calgary Alberta Canada
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology; Tom Baker Cancer Centre; Calgary Alberta Canada
| | - Rie Tamagawa
- Department of Oncology; University of Calgary; Calgary Alberta Canada
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology; Tom Baker Cancer Centre; Calgary Alberta Canada
| | | | | | - Lihong Zhong
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology; Tom Baker Cancer Centre; Calgary Alberta Canada
| | - Michael Speca
- Department of Oncology; University of Calgary; Calgary Alberta Canada
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology; Tom Baker Cancer Centre; Calgary Alberta Canada
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20
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Lawton J, Waugh N, Barnard KD, Noyes K, Harden J, Stephen J, McDowell J, Rankin D. Challenges of optimizing glycaemic control in children with Type 1 diabetes: a qualitative study of parents' experiences and views. Diabet Med 2015; 32:1063-70. [PMID: 25472898 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To explore the difficulties parents encounter in trying to achieve clinically recommended blood glucose levels and how they could be better supported to optimize their child's glycaemic control. METHODS In-depth interviews were conducted with 54 parents of children with Type 1 diabetes (≤ 12 years). Data were analysed thematically. RESULTS Parents described being reluctant and finding it difficult to keep their child's blood glucose levels consistently within clinically recommended ranges. As well as worrying about their child's ability to detect/report hypoglycaemia, parents highlighted a multitude of factors that had an impact on their child's blood glucose levels and over which they could exercise little control. These included: leaving their child with other caregivers who could not be trusted to detect hypoglycaemia; difficulties remotely monitoring and regulating their child's food consumption and activity; and physical and social changes accompanying childhood development. Most parents used two sets of blood glucose targets, with clinically recommended targets employed when their child was in their immediate care and higher targets when in the care of others. Parents described health professionals as lacking understanding of the difficulties they encountered keeping blood glucose within target ranges and needing more empathetic, tailored and realistic advice. CONCLUSION It is not parents' fear of hypoglycaemia in isolation that leads to decisions to raise their child's blood glucose but, rather, parental fear in conjunction with other factors and considerations. Hence, to improve diabetes management in children, these factors may need to be addressed; for instance, by training others in diabetes management and using new technologies. Changes to consultations are also recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lawton
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh
| | - N Waugh
- Health Sciences, Division of Health Sciences Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry
| | - K D Barnard
- Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton
| | - K Noyes
- Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Edinburgh
| | - J Harden
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh
| | - J Stephen
- Child Health Department, Borders General Hospital, Melrose
| | - J McDowell
- Nursing and Health Care School, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - D Rankin
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh
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21
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Carter W, Fergus K, Ahmad S, McLeod D, Stephen J. Defining the Role of the Online Therapeutic Facilitator: Principles and Guidelines Developed for Couplelinks, an Online Support Program for Couples Affected by Breast Cancer. JMIR Cancer 2015; 1:e4. [PMID: 28410159 PMCID: PMC5367674 DOI: 10.2196/cancer.3887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of psychological interventions delivered via the Internet is a rapidly growing field with the potential to make vital services more accessible. However, there is a corresponding need for careful examination of factors that contribute to effectiveness of Internet-delivered interventions, especially given the observed high dropout rates relative to traditional in-person (IP) interventions. Research has found that the involvement of an online therapist in a Web-based intervention reduces treatment dropout. However, the role of such online therapists is seldom well articulated and varies considerably across programs making it difficult to discern processes that are important for online therapist involvement.In this paper, we introduce the concept of "therapeutic facilitation" to describe the role of the online therapist that was developed and further refined in the context of a Web-based, asynchronous psychosocial intervention for couples affected by breast cancer called Couplelinks. Couplelinks is structured into 6 dyadic learning modules designed to be completed on a weekly basis in consultation with a facilitator through regular, asynchronous, online text-based communication.Principles of therapeutic facilitation derived from a combination of theory underlying the intervention and pilot-testing of the first iteration of the program are described. Case examples to illustrate these principles as well as commonly encountered challenges to online facilitation are presented. Guidelines and principles for therapeutic facilitation hold relevance for professionally delivered online programs more broadly, beyond interventions for couples and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karen Fergus
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Patient and Family Support Services, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Saunia Ahmad
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Patient and Family Support Services, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Deborah McLeod
- Psychosocial Oncology Team, Capital District Cancer Care Program, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Joanne Stephen
- Psychosocial Oncology, Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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22
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Fergus K, Ahmad S, McLeod DL, Stephen J, Gardner S, Pereira A, Warner E, Carter W. Couplelinks - an online intervention for young women with breast cancer and their male partners: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2015; 16:33. [PMID: 25630357 PMCID: PMC4336511 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-014-0534-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Young breast cancer survivors (aged 50 years and under) and their partners are at an elevated risk for relationship distress and poor psychological adjustment relative to older age couples. Limited availability of time and resources and the distance to travel are major barriers to engaging in evidence-based psychosocial support programs. This paper describes the study protocol of a novel, manualized online intervention called Couplelinks that was developed to improve relationship adjustment and psychological wellbeing of young couples affected by breast cancer. Couplelinks is a custom-designed website offering a professionally facilitated, couple-centered intervention that entails informational, experiential, and interactive components. Methods/Design A total of 80 heterosexual couples from across Canada in which the female partner has been diagnosed with a primary breast cancer will be recruited and randomized to a treatment or waitlist control group. Six dyadic learning modules form the core of the program and will be undertaken on a weekly basis. The manualized online intervention involves psycho-education and experiential exercises to enhance communication, coping ability, mutual empathy, and perspective-taking in relation to cancer. An online facilitator who is a trained mental health professional will guide and support couples throughout the process. Data collection will occur at baseline, at post-treatment or eight weeks into the waiting period, and at the three-month follow-up assessment. Primary outcome measures include the Revised Dyadic Adjustment Survey (RDAS) and Dyadic Coping Inventory (DCI) scores, and secondary outcome measures include the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Survey (HADS) score. Discussion Couplelinks is one of the first internet-based psychological interventions to improve the psychosocial adjustment of couples coping with a life-threatening illness such as cancer. If successful, the design of this program as described in this paper makes a valuable contribution to the literature on the delivery of couple-focused psychosocial interventions, both within and outside of oncology. Trial registration This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier: NCT01089764) on 17 March 2010.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Fergus
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada. .,Patient and Family Support Program, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M4N 3M5, Canada.
| | - Saunia Ahmad
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada. .,Patient and Family Support Program, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M4N 3M5, Canada.
| | - Deborah L McLeod
- Cancer Program, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Victoria 11-006, 1276 South Park Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 2Y9, Canada.
| | - Joanne Stephen
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada.
| | - Sandra Gardner
- Ontario HIV Treatment Network, 1300 Yonge Street, Toronto, Ontario, M4T 1X3, Canada. .,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 3M7, Canada.
| | - Amanda Pereira
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada.
| | - Ellen Warner
- Division of Medical Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M4N 3M5, Canada.
| | - Wendy Carter
- Dr. Wendy Carter, 7 Admiral Road, Coach House, Toronto, Ontario, M5R 2L4, Canada.
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23
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Carlson LE, Tamagawa R, Stephen J, Doll R, Faris P, Dirkse D, Speca M. Tailoring Mind-Body Therapies to Individual Needs: Patients’ Program Preference and Psychological Traits as Moderators of the Effects of Mindfulness-Based Cancer Recovery and Supportive-Expressive Therapy in Distressed Breast Cancer Survivors. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 2014; 2014:308-14. [DOI: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgu034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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24
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Stephen J, Collie K, McLeod D, Rojubally A, Fergus K, Speca M, Turner J, Taylor-Brown J, Sellick S, Burrus K, Elramly M. Talking with text: communication in therapist-led, live chat cancer support groups. Soc Sci Med 2013; 104:178-86. [PMID: 24581076 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2012] [Revised: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
CancerChatCanada is a pan-Canadian initiative with a mandate to make professionally led cancer support groups available to more people in Canada. Although online support groups are becoming increasingly popular, little is known about therapist-led, synchronous groups using live chat. The purpose of this study was to generate a rich descriptive account of communication experiences in CancerChatCanada groups and to gain an understanding of processes associated with previously-reported benefits. We used interpretive description to analyze interview segments from 102 patients, survivors and family caregivers who participated in CancerChatCanada groups between 2007 and 2011. The analysis yielded four inter-related process themes (Reaching Out From Home, Feeling Safe, Emotional Release, and Talking With Text) and one outcome theme (Resonance and Kinship). The findings extend previous research about text-only online support groups and provide novel insights into features of facilitated, live chat communication that are valued by group members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Stephen
- BC Cancer Agency, Patient and Family Counselling Services, 13750 96th Ave, Surrey, BC V3T 0C7, Canada.
| | - Kate Collie
- Cross Cancer Institute, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada.
| | - Deborah McLeod
- QE II Health Sciences Centre, School of Nursing, Dalhousie University, Victoria 11-006, 1278 Tower Rd., Halifax, NS B3H 2Y9, Canada.
| | - Adina Rojubally
- BC Cancer Agency, Patient and Family Counselling Services, 13750 96th Ave, Surrey, BC V3T 0C7, Canada.
| | - Karen Fergus
- Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Center, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada.
| | - Michael Speca
- Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Department of Psychosocial Resources, Holy Cross Site, Phase I, 2202 - 2nd Street SW, Calgary, AB T2S 3C1, Canada.
| | - Jill Turner
- Cross Cancer Institute, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada.
| | - Jill Taylor-Brown
- Patient and Family Support Services, Cancer Care Manitoba, 675 McDermot Ave, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada.
| | - Scott Sellick
- Supportive Care, Thunderbay Regional Health Sciences Center, 980 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 6V4, Canada.
| | - Kimberly Burrus
- BC Cancer Agency, Patient and Family Counselling Services, 13750 96th Ave, Surrey, BC V3T 0C7, Canada.
| | - Mai Elramly
- BC Cancer Agency, Patient and Family Counselling Services, 13750 96th Ave, Surrey, BC V3T 0C7, Canada.
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25
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Carlson LE, Doll R, Stephen J, Faris P, Tamagawa R, Drysdale E, Speca M. Randomized Controlled Trial of Mindfulness-Based Cancer Recovery Versus Supportive Expressive Group Therapy for Distressed Survivors of Breast Cancer (MINDSET). J Clin Oncol 2013; 31:3119-26. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2012.47.5210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To compare the efficacy of the following two empirically supported group interventions to help distressed survivors of breast cancer cope: mindfulness-based cancer recovery (MBCR) and supportive-expressive group therapy (SET). Patients and Methods This multisite, randomized controlled trial assigned 271 distressed survivors of stage I to III breast cancer to MBCR, SET, or a 1-day stress management control condition. MBCR focused on training in mindfulness meditation and gentle yoga, whereas SET focused on emotional expression and group support. Both intervention groups included 18 hours of professional contact. Measures were collected at baseline and after intervention by assessors blind to study condition. Primary outcome measures were mood and diurnal salivary cortisol slopes. Secondary outcomes were stress symptoms, quality of life, and social support. Results Using linear mixed-effects models, in intent-to-treat analyses, cortisol slopes were maintained over time in both SET (P = .002) and MBCR (P = .011) groups relative to the control group, whose cortisol slopes became flatter. Women in MBCR improved more over time on stress symptoms compared with women in both the SET (P = .009) and control (P = .024) groups. Per-protocol analyses showed greater improvements in the MBCR group in quality of life compared with the control group (P = .005) and in social support compared with the SET group (P = .012). Conclusion In the largest trial to date, MBCR was superior for improving stress levels, quality of life, and social support for distressed survivors of breast cancer. Both SET and MBCR also resulted in more normative diurnal cortisol profiles than the control condition. The clinical implications of this finding require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda E. Carlson
- Linda E. Carlson, Rie Tamagawa, and Michael Speca, University of Calgary; Peter Faris, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta; Richard Doll, Joanne Stephen, and Elaine Drysdale, BC Cancer Agency; Elaine Drysdale, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Richard Doll
- Linda E. Carlson, Rie Tamagawa, and Michael Speca, University of Calgary; Peter Faris, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta; Richard Doll, Joanne Stephen, and Elaine Drysdale, BC Cancer Agency; Elaine Drysdale, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Joanne Stephen
- Linda E. Carlson, Rie Tamagawa, and Michael Speca, University of Calgary; Peter Faris, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta; Richard Doll, Joanne Stephen, and Elaine Drysdale, BC Cancer Agency; Elaine Drysdale, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Peter Faris
- Linda E. Carlson, Rie Tamagawa, and Michael Speca, University of Calgary; Peter Faris, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta; Richard Doll, Joanne Stephen, and Elaine Drysdale, BC Cancer Agency; Elaine Drysdale, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Rie Tamagawa
- Linda E. Carlson, Rie Tamagawa, and Michael Speca, University of Calgary; Peter Faris, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta; Richard Doll, Joanne Stephen, and Elaine Drysdale, BC Cancer Agency; Elaine Drysdale, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Elaine Drysdale
- Linda E. Carlson, Rie Tamagawa, and Michael Speca, University of Calgary; Peter Faris, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta; Richard Doll, Joanne Stephen, and Elaine Drysdale, BC Cancer Agency; Elaine Drysdale, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Michael Speca
- Linda E. Carlson, Rie Tamagawa, and Michael Speca, University of Calgary; Peter Faris, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta; Richard Doll, Joanne Stephen, and Elaine Drysdale, BC Cancer Agency; Elaine Drysdale, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Nithyanandam S, Joseph M, Stephen J. Ocular complications and loss of vision due to herpes zoster ophthalmicus in patients with HIV infection and a comparison with HIV-negative patients. Int J STD AIDS 2013; 24:106-9. [DOI: 10.1177/0956462412472303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the work is to describe the occurrence of ocular complications and loss of vision due to herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) in HIV-positive patients who received early antiviral therapy for HZO. This is a post hoc analysis of prospectively collected data. Twenty-four HIV-positive patients with HZO were included in this report; male to female ratio was 3.8:1; mean age was 33.5 (±14.9) years. The visual outcome was good, with 14/24 patients having 6/6 vision; severe vision loss (≤6/60) occurred in only 2/24. There was no statistical difference in the visual outcome between the HIV-positive and -negative patients ( P = 0.69), although severe vision loss was more likely in HIV-infected patients. The ocular complications of HZO in HIV-infected patients were: reduced corneal sensation (17/24), corneal epithelial lesions (14/24), uveitis (12/24), elevated intraocular pressure (10/24) and extra-ocular muscle palsy (3/24). The severity of rash was similar in the two groups but multidermatomal rash occurred only in HIV-infected patients (4/24). There was no difference in the occurrence of ocular complications of HZO between HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients. HZO associated ocular complications and visual loss is low in HIV-infected patients if treated with HZO antiviral therapy and was comparable with HIV-negative patients. Early institution of HZO antiviral therapy is recommended to reduce ocular complication and vision loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nithyanandam
- Department of Ophthalmology St John's Medical College, Bangalore 560034, India
| | - M Joseph
- Department of Ophthalmology St John's Medical College, Bangalore 560034, India
| | - J Stephen
- Department of Dermatology, St John's Medical College, Bangalore 560034, India
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Stephen J, Fergus K, Sellick S, Speca M, Taylor-Brown J, Turner J, Collie K, McLeod D, Rojubally A. When jurisdictional boundaries become barriers to good patient care. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 20:10-3. [PMID: 23443525 DOI: 10.3747/co.20.1209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Canada is a pioneer in remote cancer care delivery to underserved populations; however, it is trailing behind on policies that would support clinicians in providing care using distance technologies. The current policy framework is disjointed, and discussions by professional boards about online jurisprudence associated with licensure appear to be regressive. We hope that by addressing the discrepancies in interjurisdictional practice and focusing on the key issue of "where therapy resides," we will be able to nudge dialogue and thinking closer toward the reasoning and recommendations of national telehealth organizations. We present this discussion of jurisdictional issues and e-health practice in the context of a pan-Canadian online support program developed for cancer patients and family members. Although the present paper uses online support groups as a springboard to advocate for e-health, it ultimately addresses a broader audience: that of all Canadian health care stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Stephen
- BC Cancer Agency, Provincial Psychosocial Oncology Program, Vancouver, BC
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Stephen J, Rojubally A, Macgregor K, McLeod D, Speca M, Taylor-Brown J, Fergus K, Collie K, Turner J, Sellick S, Mackenzie G. Evaluation of CancerChatCanada: a program of online support for Canadians affected by cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 20:39-47. [PMID: 23443892 DOI: 10.3747/co.20.1210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Professional-led cancer support groups can improve quality of life and address unmet needs, but most Canadians affected by cancer do not have access to or do not make use of cancer support groups. A collaborative interdisciplinary team developed, operated, and evaluated Internet-based, professional-led, live-chat support groups (osgs) for cancer patients, caregivers, and survivors across Canada. OBJECTIVE Our study aimed to report participant and participation characteristics in the pan-Canadian initiative known as CancerChatCanada, and to understand participant perspectives about the quality of communication and professional facilitation, overall satisfaction, and psychosocial benefits and outcomes. METHODS Participants in osgs provided informed consent. Participant and participation characteristics were gathered from program data collection tools and are described using frequencies, means, and chi-squares. Patient, survivor, and caregiver perspectives were derived from 102 telephone interviews conducted after osg completion and subjected to a directed qualitative content analysis. RESULTS The 55 professional-led osgs enrolled 351 participants from 9 provinces. More than half the participants came from rural or semirural areas, and more than 84% had no received previous cancer support. The attendance rate was 75%, the dropout rate was 26%, and 80% of participants were satisfied or very satisfied. The convenience and privacy of osgs were benefits. Meaningful communication about important and difficult topics, kinship and bonding with others, and improved mood and self-care were perceived outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that this collaborative initiative was successful in increasing reach and access, and that pan-Canadian, professional-led osgs provide psychosocial benefit to underserved and burdened cancer patients, survivors, and family caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Stephen
- BC Cancer Agency, Provincial Psychosocial Oncology Program, Vancouver, BC
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Tamagawa R, Giese-Davis J, Speca M, Doll R, Stephen J, Carlson LE. Trait mindfulness, repression, suppression, and self-reported mood and stress symptoms among women with breast cancer. J Clin Psychol 2012; 69:264-77. [PMID: 23280695 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.21939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study sought to identify relationships between trait mindfulness, repressive, and suppressive emotional styles, and the relative importance of these traits in their association with self-reported psychological health among women with breast cancer. METHOD Of the 277 women with breast cancer accrued in the study, 227 (81.9%) completed a set of questionnaires assessing personality traits, stress symptoms, and mood. RESULTS High levels of mindfulness were associated with fewer stress-related symptoms and less mood disturbance, while high levels of suppression were associated with poorer self-reported health. CONCLUSION Individuals' dispositional ways to manage negative emotions were associated with the experience of symptoms and aversive moods. Helping patients cultivate mindful insights and reduce deliberate emotional inhibition may be a useful focus for psycho-oncological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Tamagawa
- University of Calgary, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Alberta, Canada.
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Shoemaker JM, Holdsworth MT, Aine C, Calhoun VD, de La Garza R, Feldstein Ewing SW, Hayek R, Mayer AR, Kiehl KA, Petree LE, Sanjuan P, Scott A, Stephen J, Phillips JP. A practical approach to incidental findings in neuroimaging research. Neurology 2011; 77:2123-7. [PMID: 22131543 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e31823d7687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We describe the systematic approach to incidental findings (IFs) used at the Mind Research Network (MRN) where all MRI scans receive neuroradiologist interpretation and participants are provided results. METHODS From 2004 to 2011, 8,545 MRI scans were acquired by 45 researchers. As mandated by MRN's external institutional review board, all structural sequences were evaluated by a clinical neuroradiologist who generated a report that included recommendations for referral if indicated. Investigators received a copy of their participants' reports, which were also mailed to participants unless they specifically declined. To better understand the impact of the radiology review process, a financial analysis was completed in addition to a follow-up phone survey to characterize participant perceptions regarding receiving their MRI scan results. RESULTS The radiologist identified IFs in 34% of the 4,447 participants. Of those with IFs (n = 1,518), the radiologist recommended urgent or immediate referral for 2.5% and routine referral for 17%. For 80.5%, no referral was recommended. Estimated annual cost for this approach including support for the neuroradiologist, medical director, and ancillary staff is approximately $60,000 or $24/scan. The results of the retrospective phone survey showed that 92% of participants appreciated receiving their MRI report, and the majority stated it increased their likelihood of volunteering for future studies. CONCLUSIONS Addressing IFs in a cost-effective and consistent manner is possible by adopting a policy that provides neuroradiology interpretation and offers participant assistance with clinical follow-up when necessary. Our experience suggests that an ethical, institution-wide approach to IFs can be implemented with minimal investigator burden.
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Berchicci M, Zhang T, Romero L, Peters A, Annett R, Teuscher U, Bertollo M, Okada Y, Stephen J, Comani S. Development of mu rhythm in infants and preschool children. Dev Neurosci 2011; 33:130-43. [PMID: 21778699 DOI: 10.1159/000329095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2010] [Accepted: 05/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mu rhythm is an idling rhythm that originates in the sensorimotor cortex during rest. The frequency of mu rhythm, which is well established in adults, is 8-12 Hz, whereas the limited results available from children suggest a frequency as low as 5.4 Hz at 6 months of age, which gradually increases to the adult value. Understanding the normal development of mu rhythm has important theoretical and clinical implications since we still know very little about this signal in infants and how it develops with age. We measured mu rhythm over the left hemisphere using a pediatric magnetoencephalography (MEG) system in 25 infants (11-47 weeks), 18 preschool children (2-5 years) and 6 adults (20-39 years) for two 5-min sessions during two intermixed conditions: a rest condition in which the hands were at rest, and a prehension condition in which the subject squeezed a pipette with his/her right hand. In all participants, mu rhythm was present over the frontoparietal area during the rest condition, but was clearly suppressed during the prehension condition. Mu rhythm peak frequency, determined from the amplitude spectra, increased rapidly as a function of age from 2.75 Hz at 11 weeks to 8.25 Hz at 47 weeks (r2 = 0.83). It increased very slowly during the preschool period (3.1 ± 0.9 years; 8.5 ± 0.54 Hz). The frequency in these children was, however, lower than in adults (10.3 ± 1.2 Hz). Our results show a rapid maturation in spontaneous mu rhythm during the first year of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Berchicci
- BIND--Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics Center, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
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Stephen J, Gallop RG, Smith H. Separation of antigens by immunological specificity: Use of disulphide-linked antibodies as immunosorbents. Biochem J 2010; 101:717-20. [PMID: 16742450 PMCID: PMC1270178 DOI: 10.1042/bj1010717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
1. gamma-Globulin concentrates of antisera prepared against ovalbumin and human serum albumin were thiolated and cross-linked to form insoluble polymers. 2. These immunosorbents were of low solubility and of high capacity for homologous antigen. 3. The high specificity of these immunosorbents was demonstrated by fractionation of various binary mixtures of fluorescent ovalbumin, (131)I-labelled human serum albumin, lysozyme and ribonuclease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Stephen
- Microbiological Research Establishment, Porton Down, Wilts
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Gallop RG, Tozer BT, Stephen J, Smith H. Separation of antigens by immunological specificity: Use of cellulose-linked antibodies as immunosorbents. Biochem J 2010; 101:711-6. [PMID: 16742449 PMCID: PMC1270177 DOI: 10.1042/bj1010711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
1. Immunosorbents were prepared by coupling activated aminocellulose with the gamma-globulin concentrates of antisera prepared against ovalbumin and human serum albumin. 2. The immunosorbents were low in solubility, but high in capacity for homologous antigens. 3. The high specificity of these immunosorbents was demonstrated by their use in fractionating various mixtures of fluorescent ovalbumin, (131)I-labelled human serum albumin, lysozyme and ribonuclease.
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Affiliation(s)
- R G Gallop
- Microbiological Research Establishment, Porton Down, Wilts
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Markovic N, McCaig LA, Stephen J, Mizuguchi S, Veldhuizen RAW, Lewis JF, Cepinskas G. Mediators released from LPS-challenged lungs induce inflammatory responses in liver vascular endothelial cells and neutrophilic leukocytes. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2009; 297:G1066-76. [PMID: 19815624 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00278.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The systemic inflammatory response plays an important role in the progression of acute lung injury (ALI) to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). However, the role of lung-derived inflammatory mediators in induction of the inflammatory response in remote organs is poorly understood. To address the above, we investigated the effects of lung inflammation on induction of inflammatory response(s) in the liver in vitro. Inflammation in mouse lungs was induced by intranasal administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 1 mg/ml) followed by mechanical ventilation using the isolated perfused mouse lung method to obtain and characterize lung perfusate from the pulmonary circulation. LPS administration to mouse lungs resulted in an increased release of inflammation-relevant cytokines and chemokines into the perfusate (Luminex assay) compared with the saline-controls. Subsequently, primary mouse liver vascular endothelial cells (LVEC) or mouse polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) in vitro were stimulated with the perfusate obtained from saline- or LPS-challenged lungs and assessed for various inflammation-relevant end points. The obtained results indicate that stimulation of LVEC with perfusate obtained from LPS-challenged lungs results in 1) reactive oxygen species (ROS) production; 2) activation of NF-kappaB; and 3) expression of E-selectin, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 and a subsequent increase in PMN rolling and adhesion to LVEC. In addition, perfusate from LPS-challenged lung induced activation of PMN with respect to increased ROS production and upregulation of cell surface levels of adhesion molecules MAC-1 and VLA-4. Heat-inactivation of the perfusate obtained from LPS-challenged lungs was very effective in suppressing increased proadhesive phenotype (i.e., E-selectin and ICAM-1 expression) in LVEC, whereas targeted inhibition (immunoneutralization) of TNF-alpha and/or IL-6 in LPS-lung perfusate had no effect. Taken together, these findings indicate that multiple proinflammatory mediators (proteinaceous in nature) released from inflamed lungs act synergistically to induce systemic activation of circulating PMN and promote inflammatory responses in liver vascular endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Markovic
- Centre for Critical Illness Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
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35
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Berchicci M, Zhang T, Romero L, Peters A, Annett R, Teuscher U, Bertollo M, Okada Y, Comani S, Stephen J. Mu-rhythm detection in infants. Neuroimage 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(09)71552-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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36
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Linu M, Stephen J, Jisha M. Phosphate Solubilizing Gluconacetobacter sp., Burkholderia
sp. and their Potential Interaction with Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata
(L.) Walp.). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.3923/ijar.2009.79.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Sharkey F, Morrison N, Murray R, Iremonger J, Stephen J, Maher E, Tolmie J, Jackson A. 17q21.31 Microdeletion Syndrome: Further Expanding the Clinical Phenotype. Cytogenet Genome Res 2009; 127:61-6. [DOI: 10.1159/000279260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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38
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Weinerman BH, Kazanjian A, den Duyf J, Loyola M, Fyfe ML, Ashworth V, Stephen J, Macpherson Dr N. Can telehealth offer care delivery alternatives for oncology patients? J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.17519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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39
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Affiliation(s)
- J Stephen
- The Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen
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40
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Huang M, Davis LE, Aine C, Weisend M, Harrington D, Christner R, Stephen J, Edgar JC, Herman M, Meyer J, Paulson K, Martin K, Lee RR. MEG response to median nerve stimulation correlates with recovery of sensory and motor function after stroke. Clin Neurophysiol 2004; 115:820-33. [PMID: 15003762 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2003.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2003] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hemiparesis due to damage by stroke in primary motor cortex (MI) or its underlying projections presents a problem for functional neuroimaging technologies that attempt to evaluate the neurophysiological basis for restoration of motor function. Traditional assessments of MI function require patients to move their fingers, hands, or limbs, which can be either impossible or markedly compromised after stroke. We recently demonstrated in normal subjects that magnetoencephalography (MEG), a non-invasive neuromagnetic functional imaging technique, detects neuronal response elicited by electrical median nerve stimulation in MI, as well as primary somatosensory cortex (SI). In the present study, we used the MEG response from median nerve stimulation to investigate the recovery of primary motor and somatosensory in acute ischemic stroke patients. METHODS Twelve patients with unilateral ischemic strokes that affected sensorimotor functions of their hand were studied in the acute stage (4.4+/-1.2 days, mean+/-SD) and during a 1-month follow-up (38.6+/-5.6 days, except for one patient's follow-up done 6 month after stroke). RESULTS Among the multiple cortical sources localized after median nerve stimulation, one source localized to SI and another localized to the vicinity of MI. Changes in the source strengths of the first component post-stimulus of MI and SI correlated with the extent of recovery of sensorimotor functions as determined by neurological exams. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a novel way of indirectly assessing MI function using MEG during the acute stroke phase, when many patients often cannot perform motor tasks due to paralysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Huang
- Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Building 49 (114M), New Mexico VA Health Care System, and Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, Albequerque, 87108, USA.
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Doll R, Stephen J, Barroetavena MC, Linden W, Poole G, Ng E, Fyles G, Habra M. Patient navigation in cancer care: program delivery and research in British Columbia. Can Oncol Nurs J 2003; 13:193. [PMID: 14508910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
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42
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Garcia-Miñaur S, Fantes J, Murray RS, Porteous MEM, Strain L, Burns JE, Stephen J, Warner JP. A novel atypical 22q11.2 distal deletion in father and son. J Med Genet 2002; 39:E62. [PMID: 12362044 PMCID: PMC1734988 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.39.10.e62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Abstract
A brief overview of some of the main features involved in normal physiological bi-directional absorption and secretion of fluid in the gut is given, including the nature and cellular location of key enzymes, ion pumps, symports, antiports and diffusion channels; the microanatomy of intestinal villous vasculature and the dynamics of villus blood flow, which together generate hypertonic zones in villus tip regions; and the production, differentiation, escalator movement (from crypt to villus tip) and subsequent shedding of intestinal epithelial cells. (Neural and hormonal mechanisms that regulate normal mucosal ion transport are not discussed.) The manner in which Vibrio cholerae, several pathotypes of Escherichia coli, several Salmonella serotypes, rotavirus, Campylobacter species, Shigella dysenteriae, Yersinia species and Clostridium difficile perturb these mechanisms and cause diarrhea, is discussed. Throughout the article, the main emphasis is on experimental studies designed to elucidate biological mechanisms and (where relevant) the microbial determinants responsible for diarrheal disease. Allusions are also made to the involvement of host responses such as the inflammatory response, the production and release of potent cytokines and accelerated homeostatic responses (such as increased rates of crypt cell division seen in some infections), and the role that they play in pathophysiological fluid secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Stephen
- Molecular Microbiology and Cell Biology Group, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, United Kingdom.
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Ashton LA, Stephen J, Nabavi-Tabrizi A, Bleasel J, Briody J. Osteoporosis: A possible aetiological factor in the development of Scheuermann's disease. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 2001; 9:15-17. [PMID: 12468838 DOI: 10.1177/230949900100900104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that spinal osteoporosis is an aetiological factor in the development of Scheuermann's disease in adolescents. Clinical and radiological data was collected on 12 individuals with Scheuermann's disease (SD). Lumbar spine bone mineral density (L2-4) was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Age and sex-matched adolescents were used as controls. The number of standard deviations from the mean of age and sex-matched controls were calculated. In regards to results, SD patients demonstrated high bone densities of between 1 and 1.5 standard deviations above the mean of age-matched controls. These results suggest that osteoporosis is not an aetiological factor in Scheuermann's disease and that bone density measurements may indeed be higher than aged-matched controls in the general population.
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Stephen J, Smith BJ, Marshall DC, Wittam EM. Applications of a semiconductor backscattered electron detector in a scanning electron microscope. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1088/0022-3735/8/7/021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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46
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Huang MX, Aine C, Davis L, Butman J, Christner R, Weisend M, Stephen J, Meyer J, Silveri J, Herman M, Lee RR. Sources on the anterior and posterior banks of the central sulcus identified from magnetic somatosensory evoked responses using multistart spatio-temporal localization. Hum Brain Mapp 2000. [PMID: 11061334 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0193(200010)11:2<59::aid-hbm10>3.0.co;2-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A Multi-Start Spatio-Temporal (MSST) multidipole localization algorithm was used to study sources on the anterior and posterior banks of the central sulcus localized from early somatosensory magnetoencephalography (MEG) responses. Electrical stimulation was applied to the right and left median nerves of 8 normal subjects. Two sources, one on the anterior and one on the posterior bank of the central sulcus, were localized from 16 data sets (8 subjects, 2 hemispheres). Compared with the more traditional practice of single-dipole fits to peak latencies, MSST provided more reliable source locations. The temporal dynamics of the anterior and posterior central sulcus sources, obtained using MSST, showed considerable temporal overlap. In some cases, the two sources appeared synchronous. On the other hand, in the traditional single-dipole peak-latency fit approach, there is no time course other than a focal dipole moment activated only at the selected peak latency. The same group of subjects also performed a motor task involving index-finger lifting; the anterior central sulcus source obtained from electrical median nerve stimulation localized to the same or similar region in the primary motor area identified from the finger-lift task. The physiological significance of the anterior central sulcus source is discussed. The findings suggest that one can test the integrity of cortical tissue in the region of primary motor cortex using electrical somatosensory stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M X Huang
- Center for Functional Brain Imaging, New Mexico VA Health Care System, Albuquerque 87108, USA.
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47
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Huang MX, Aine C, Davis L, Butman J, Christner R, Weisend M, Stephen J, Meyer J, Silveri J, Herman M, Lee RR. Sources on the anterior and posterior banks of the central sulcus identified from magnetic somatosensory evoked responses using multistart spatio-temporal localization. Hum Brain Mapp 2000; 11:59-76. [PMID: 11061334 PMCID: PMC6872012 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0193(200010)11:2<59::aid-hbm10>3.0.co;2-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A Multi-Start Spatio-Temporal (MSST) multidipole localization algorithm was used to study sources on the anterior and posterior banks of the central sulcus localized from early somatosensory magnetoencephalography (MEG) responses. Electrical stimulation was applied to the right and left median nerves of 8 normal subjects. Two sources, one on the anterior and one on the posterior bank of the central sulcus, were localized from 16 data sets (8 subjects, 2 hemispheres). Compared with the more traditional practice of single-dipole fits to peak latencies, MSST provided more reliable source locations. The temporal dynamics of the anterior and posterior central sulcus sources, obtained using MSST, showed considerable temporal overlap. In some cases, the two sources appeared synchronous. On the other hand, in the traditional single-dipole peak-latency fit approach, there is no time course other than a focal dipole moment activated only at the selected peak latency. The same group of subjects also performed a motor task involving index-finger lifting; the anterior central sulcus source obtained from electrical median nerve stimulation localized to the same or similar region in the primary motor area identified from the finger-lift task. The physiological significance of the anterior central sulcus source is discussed. The findings suggest that one can test the integrity of cortical tissue in the region of primary motor cortex using electrical somatosensory stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M X Huang
- Center for Functional Brain Imaging, New Mexico VA Health Care System, Albuquerque 87108, USA.
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Aine C, Huang M, Stephen J, Christner R. Multistart algorithms for MEG empirical data analysis reliably characterize locations and time courses of multiple sources. Neuroimage 2000; 12:159-72. [PMID: 10913322 DOI: 10.1006/nimg.2000.0616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We applied our newly developed Multistart algorithm (M. Huang et al., 1998, Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol. 108, 32-44) to high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) somatosensory responses and low SNR visual data to demonstrate the reliability of this analysis tool for determining source locations and time courses of empirical multisource neuromagnetic data. This algorithm performs a downhill simplex search hundreds to thousands of times with multiple, randomly selected initial starting parameters from within the head volume, in order to avoid problems of local minima. Two subjects participated in two studies: (1) somatosensory (left and right median nerves were stimulated using a square wave pulse of 0.2 ms duration) and (2) visual (small black and white bull's-eye patterns were presented to central and peripheral locations in four quadrants of the visual field). One subject participated in both of the studies mentioned above and in a third study (i.e., simultaneous somatosensory/visual stimulation). The best-fitting solutions were tightly clustered in high SNR somatosensory data and all dominant regions of activity could be identified in some instances by using a single model order (e.g., six dipoles) applied to a single interval of time (e.g., 15-250 ms) that captured the entire somatosensory response. In low SNR visual data, solutions were obtained from several different model orders and time intervals in order to capture the dominant activity across the entire visual response (e.g. , 60-300 ms). Our results demonstrate that Multistart MEG analysis procedures can localize multiple regions of activity and characterize their time courses in a reliable fashion. Sources for visual data were determined by comparing results across several different models, each of which was based on hundreds to thousands of different fits to the data.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Aine
- Center for Functional Brain Imaging, VA Medical Center, 1501 San Pedro Drive SE, Building 49 (114M), Albuquerque, New Mexico 87108, USA
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Stephen J, Kuruvilla A, Chandi S, Krishnaswami S, Brahmadathan KN. Effects of intranasal challenge with group A beta haemolytic streptococcus M type 49 in Swiss albino mice. Indian J Exp Biol 1999; 37:971-5. [PMID: 10783755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Mice are susceptible to natural infections with streptococci and therefore can serve as suitable animal models to study experimental streptococcal infections. In an earlier study, we had shown the development of pharyngeal colonization, antibody response and histopathological changes in the heart following intranasal (IN) challenge with a rheumatogenic serotype of group A beta haemolytic streptococcus, the M type 18. To determine if nonpharyngitis associated serotypes can also elicit similar responses, 30 Swiss albino mice were challenged intranasally with 2 x 10(7) colony forming units of a skin associated serotype of group A beta haemolytic streptococcus, the M type 49. Pharyngeal colonization varied from 64% (n = 30) in the first week to 69% (n = 16) during the fourth week after IN challenge. Eleven (36.7%) of the 30 animals studied showed antibody response to DNase B (ADNB) with peak titers varying from 150 to 1200 units. Wide variations were seen in ADNB titers in individual mice. Histopathological evidence for cardiac lesions were seen in three animals. The changes were mild and varied from mild to chronic endocardial inflammation to calcification. The study shows that Swiss albino mice are also susceptible to IN challenge with skin associated strains of GABHS and therefore can serve as useful models to study the effects of experimental infection with diverse serotypes of GABHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Stephen
- Department of Zoology, Voorhees College, Vellore, India
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Morgan E, Lodge JM, Stephen J, Brown NL. Generation of vector-insensitive dig-labeled probes from large cosmid library inserts using PCR. Biotechniques 1999; 27:94-6, 98, 100-2 passim. [PMID: 10407671 DOI: 10.2144/99271st02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We have devised a general method for producing vector-insensitive probes from clones in which insert DNA (ca. 40 kb) could not be amplified in one piece nor be excised from the vector sequence. The method involves PCR and vector-specific primers in combination with restriction digestion and ligation. It yields specific PCR products that could subsequently be labeled using DIG-11-dUTP in a single-cycle PCR. In colony blot hybridization, the probes were specific for the insert DNA from which the probe was derived and, importantly, did not detect vector sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Morgan
- Microbial Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology Group, School of Biological Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, West Midlands, UK.
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