2022 White Paper on Recent Issues in Bioanalysis: FDA Draft Guidance on Immunogenicity Information in Prescription Drug Labeling, LNP & Viral Vectors Therapeutics/Vaccines Immunogenicity, Prolongation Effect, ADA Affinity, Risk-based Approaches, NGS, qPCR, ddPCR Assays (Part 3 - Recommendations on Gene Therapy, Cell Therapy, Vaccines Immunogenicity & Technologies; Immunogenicity & Risk Assessment of Biotherapeutics and Novel Modalities; NAb Assays Integrated Approach)

The 2022 16th Workshop on Recent Issues in Bioanalysis (WRIB) took place in Atlanta, GA, USA on September 26-30, 2022. Over 1000 professionals representing pharma/biotech companies, CROs, and multiple regulatory agencies convened to actively discuss the most current topics of interest in bioanalysis. The 16th WRIB included 3 Main Workshops and 7 Specialized Workshops that together spanned 1 week in order to allow exhaustive and thorough coverage of all major issues in bioanalysis, biomarkers, immunogenicity, gene therapy, cell therapy and vaccines. Moreover, in-depth workshops on ICH M10 BMV final guideline (focused on this guideline training, interpretation, adoption and transition); mass spectrometry innovation (focused on novel technologies, novel modalities, and novel challenges); and flow cytometry bioanalysis (rising of the 3rd most common/important technology in bioanalytical labs) were the special features of the 16th edition. As in previous years, WRIB continued to gather a wide diversity of international, industry opinion leaders and regulatory authority experts working on both small and large molecules as well as gene, cell therapies and vaccines to facilitate sharing and discussions focused on improving quality, increasing regulatory compliance, and achieving scientific excellence on bioanalytical issues. This 2022 White Paper encompasses recommendations emerging from the extensive discussions held during the workshop and is aimed to provide the bioanalytical community with key information and practical solutions on topics and issues addressed, in an effort to enable advances in scientific excellence, improved quality and better regulatory compliance. Due to its length, the 2022 edition of this comprehensive White Paper has been divided into three parts for editorial reasons. This publication (Part 3) covers the recommendations on Gene Therapy, Cell therapy, Vaccines and Biotherapeutics Immunogenicity. Part 1 (Mass Spectrometry and ICH M10) and Part 2 (LBA, Biomarkers/CDx and Cytometry) are published in volume 15 of Bioanalysis, issues 16 and 15 (2023), respectively.

IL-4 in schistosomiasis

This review focuses on the role of IL-4 in the immune response which develops during infection with the trematode parasite Schistosoma mansoni. The emphasis is on our own recent studies in the mouse model.

Low-dose mitomycin C trabeculectomy in patients with advanced glaucoma

PURPOSE

The purpose of this study was to analyze the efficacy and safety of low-dose (0.2 mg/ml) intraoperative mitomycin C in primary trabeculectomy.

METHODS

Twenty-eight eyes of 28 patients with advanced primary open-angle glaucoma undergoing primary trabeculectomy were randomized to either mitomycin C (0.2 mg/ml) or saline solution intraoperatively for 3 min. Intraocular pressure was measured at 1 day; 1 week; 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively; and at the final visit.

RESULTS

Mean follow-up was 17.0 +/- 5.6 months for the mitomycin C group and 15.7 +/- 5.1 months for the control group. Mean intraocular pressures were significantly lower in the treated group on the first postoperative day (p = 0.021), at the 6-month interval (p = 0.001), and at the final visit (p = 0.001). At the last follow-up examination, intraocular pressure was < or = 15 mm Hg in 12 (85.7%) of the mitomycin C-treated eyes and in four (28.6%) of the control eyes (p = 0.002). Life table analysis showed a significantly higher probability of intraocular pressure control in the mitomycin C group than in the control group (p = 0.0065). Choroidal effusion was observed in five (35.7%) treated eyes and two (14.3%) control eyes, whereas shallow anterior chamber were present in five (35.7%) treated eyes and one control eye (7.1%).

CONCLUSION

Despite inducing a higher short-term complication rate, low-dose mitomycin C may be an alternative in the treatment of eyes with advanced glaucomatous damage requiring low final intraocular pressures.