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Bakouny Z, Labaki C, Grover P, Awosika J, Gulati S, Hsu CY, Alimohamed SI, Bashir B, Berg S, Bilen MA, Bowles D, Castellano C, Desai A, Elkrief A, Eton OE, Fecher LA, Flora D, Galsky MD, Gatti-Mays ME, Gesenhues A, Glover MJ, Gopalakrishnan D, Gupta S, Halfdanarson TR, Hayes-Lattin B, Hendawi M, Hsu E, Hwang C, Jandarov R, Jani C, Johnson DB, Joshi M, Khan H, Khan SA, Knox N, Koshkin VS, Kulkarni AA, Kwon DH, Matar S, McKay RR, Mishra S, Moria FA, Nizam A, Nock NL, Nonato TK, Panasci J, Pomerantz L, Portuguese AJ, Provenzano D, Puc M, Rao YJ, Rhodes TD, Riely GJ, Ripp JJ, Rivera AV, Ruiz-Garcia E, Schmidt AL, Schoenfeld AJ, Schwartz GK, Shah SA, Shaya J, Subbiah S, Tachiki LM, Tucker MD, Valdez-Reyes M, Weissmann LB, Wotman MT, Wulff-Burchfield EM, Xie Z, Yang YJ, Thompson MA, Shah DP, Warner JL, Shyr Y, Choueiri TK, Wise-Draper TM, Gandhi R, Gartrell BA, Goel S, Halmos B, Makower DF, O' Sullivan D, Ohri N, Portes M, Shapiro LC, Shastri A, Sica RA, Verma AK, Butt O, Campian JL, Fiala MA, Henderson JP, Monahan RS, Stockerl-Goldstein KE, Zhou AY, Bitran JD, Hallmeyer S, Mundt D, Pandravada S, Papaioannou PV, Patel M, Streckfuss M, Tadesse E, Gatson NTN, Kundranda MN, Lammers PE, Loree JM, Yu IS, Bindal P, Lam B, Peters MLB, Piper-Vallillo AJ, Egan PC, Farmakiotis D, Arvanitis P, Klein EJ, Olszewski AJ, Vieira K, Angevine AH, Bar MH, Del Prete SA, Fiebach MZ, Gulati AP, Hatton E, Houston K, Rose SJ, Steve Lo KM, Stratton J, Weinstein PL, Garcia JA, Routy B, Hoyo-Ulloa I, Dawsey SJ, Lemmon CA, Pennell NA, Sharifi N, Painter CA, Granada C, Hoppenot C, Li A, Bitterman DS, Connors JM, Demetri GD, Florez (Duma) N, Freeman DA, Giordano A, Morgans AK, Nohria A, Saliby RM, Tolaney SM, Van Allen EM, Xu WV, Zon RL, Halabi S, Zhang T, Dzimitrowicz H, Leighton JC, Graber JJ, Grivas P, Hawley JE, Loggers ET, Lyman GH, Lynch RC, Nakasone ES, Schweizer MT, Vinayak S, Wagner MJ, Yeh A, Dansoa Y, Makary M, Manikowski JJ, Vadakara J, Yossef K, Beckerman J, Goyal S, Messing I, Rosenstein LJ, Steffes DR, Alsamarai S, Clement JM, Cosin JA, Daher A, Dailey ME, Elias R, Fein JA, Hosmer W, Jayaraj A, Mather J, Menendez AG, Nadkarni R, Serrano OK, Yu PP, Balanchivadze N, Gadgeel SM, Accordino MK, Bhutani D, Bodin BE, Hershman DL, Masson C, Alexander M, Mushtaq S, Reuben DY, Bernicker EH, Deeken JF, Jeffords KJ, Shafer D, Cárdenas AI, Cuervo Campos R, De-la-Rosa-Martinez D, Ramirez A, Vilar-Compte D, Gill DM, Lewis MA, Low CA, Jones MM, Mansoor AH, Mashru SH, Werner MA, Cohen AM, McWeeney S, Nemecek ER, Williamson SP, Peters S, Smith SJ, Lewis GC, Zaren HA, Akhtari M, Castillo DR, Cortez K, Lau E, Nagaraj G, Park K, Reeves ME, O'Connor TE, Altman J, Gurley M, Mulcahy MF, Wehbe FH, Durbin EB, Nelson HH, Ramesh V, Sachs Z, Wilson G, Bardia A, Boland G, Gainor JF, Peppercorn J, Reynolds KL, Rosovsky RP, Zubiri L, Bekaii-Saab TS, Joyner MJ, Riaz IB, Senefeld JW, Shah S, Ayre SK, Bonnen M, Mahadevan D, McKeown C, Mesa RA, Ramirez AG, Salazar M, Shah PK, Wang CP, Bouganim N, Papenburg J, Sabbah A, Tagalakis V, Vinh DC, Nanchal R, Singh H, Bahadur N, Bao T, Belenkaya R, Nambiar PH, O’Cearbhaill RE, Papadopoulos EB, Philip J, Robson M, Rosenberg JE, Wilkins CR, Tamimi R, Cerrone K, Dill J, Faller BA, Alomar ME, Chandrasekhar SA, Hume EC, Islam JY, Ajmera A, Brouha SS, Cabal A, Choi S, Hsiao A, Jiang JY, Kligerman S, Park J, Razavi P, Reid EG, Bhatt PS, Mariano MG, Thomson CC, Glace M(G, Knoble JL, Rink C, Zacks R, Blau SH, Brown C, Cantrell AS, Namburi S, Polimera HV, Rovito MA, Edwin N, Herz K, Kennecke HF, Monfared A, Sautter RR, Cronin T, Elshoury A, Fleissner B, Griffiths EA, Hernandez-Ilizaliturri F, Jain P, Kariapper A, Levine E, Moffitt M, O'Connor TL, Smith LJ, Wicher CP, Zsiros E, Jabbour SK, Misdary CF, Shah MR, Batist G, Cook E, Ferrario C, Lau S, Miller WH, Rudski L, Santos Dutra M, Wilchesky M, Mahmood SZ, McNair C, Mico V, Dixon B, Kloecker G, Logan BB, Mandapakala C, Cabebe EC, Jha A, Khaki AR, Nagpal S, Schapira L, Wu JTY, Whaley D, Lopes GDL, de Cardenas K, Russell K, Stith B, Taylor S, Klamerus JF, Revankar SG, Addison D, Chen JL, Haynam M, Jhawar SR, Karivedu V, Palmer JD, Pillainayagam C, Stover DG, Wall S, Williams NO, Abbasi SH, Annis S, Balmaceda NB, Greenland S, Kasi A, Rock CD, Luders M, Smits M, Weiss M, Chism DD, Owenby S, Ang C, Doroshow DB, Metzger M, Berenberg J, Uyehara C, Fazio A, Huber KE, Lashley LN, Sueyoshi MH, Patel KG, Riess J, Borno HT, Small EJ, Zhang S, Andermann TM, Jensen CE, Rubinstein SM, Wood WA, Ahmad SA, Brownfield L, Heilman H, Kharofa J, Latif T, Marcum M, Shaikh HG, Sohal DPS, Abidi M, Geiger CL, Markham MJ, Russ AD, Saker H, Acoba JD, Choi H, Rho YS, Feldman LE, Gantt G, Hoskins KF, Khan M, Liu LC, Nguyen RH, Pasquinelli MM, Schwartz C, Venepalli NK, Vikas P, Zakharia Y, Friese CR, Boldt A, Gonzalez CJ, Su C, Su CT, Yoon JJ, Bijjula R, Mavromatis BH, Seletyn ME, Wood BR, Zaman QU, Kaklamani V, Beeghly A, Brown AJ, Charles LJ, Cheng A, Crispens MA, Croessmann S, Davis EJ, Ding T, Duda SN, Enriquez KT, French B, Gillaspie EA, Hausrath DJ, Hennessy C, Lewis JT, Li X(L, Prescott LS, Reid SA, Saif S, Slosky DA, Solorzano CC, Sun T, Vega-Luna K, Wang LL, Aboulafia DM, Carducci TM, Goldsmith KJ, Van Loon S, Topaloglu U, Moore J, Rice RL, Cabalona WD, Cyr S, Barrow McCollough B, Peddi P, Rosen LR, Ravindranathan D, Hafez N, Herbst RS, LoRusso P, Lustberg MB, Masters T, Stratton C. Interplay of Immunosuppression and Immunotherapy Among Patients With Cancer and COVID-19. JAMA Oncol 2023; 9:128-134. [PMID: 36326731 PMCID: PMC9634600 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2022.5357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Importance Cytokine storm due to COVID-19 can cause high morbidity and mortality and may be more common in patients with cancer treated with immunotherapy (IO) due to immune system activation. Objective To determine the association of baseline immunosuppression and/or IO-based therapies with COVID-19 severity and cytokine storm in patients with cancer. Design, Setting, and Participants This registry-based retrospective cohort study included 12 046 patients reported to the COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium (CCC19) registry from March 2020 to May 2022. The CCC19 registry is a centralized international multi-institutional registry of patients with COVID-19 with a current or past diagnosis of cancer. Records analyzed included patients with active or previous cancer who had a laboratory-confirmed infection with SARS-CoV-2 by polymerase chain reaction and/or serologic findings. Exposures Immunosuppression due to therapy; systemic anticancer therapy (IO or non-IO). Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was a 5-level ordinal scale of COVID-19 severity: no complications; hospitalized without requiring oxygen; hospitalized and required oxygen; intensive care unit admission and/or mechanical ventilation; death. The secondary outcome was the occurrence of cytokine storm. Results The median age of the entire cohort was 65 years (interquartile range [IQR], 54-74) years and 6359 patients were female (52.8%) and 6598 (54.8%) were non-Hispanic White. A total of 599 (5.0%) patients received IO, whereas 4327 (35.9%) received non-IO systemic anticancer therapies, and 7120 (59.1%) did not receive any antineoplastic regimen within 3 months prior to COVID-19 diagnosis. Although no difference in COVID-19 severity and cytokine storm was found in the IO group compared with the untreated group in the total cohort (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.80; 95% CI, 0.56-1.13, and aOR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.41-1.93, respectively), patients with baseline immunosuppression treated with IO (vs untreated) had worse COVID-19 severity and cytokine storm (aOR, 3.33; 95% CI, 1.38-8.01, and aOR, 4.41; 95% CI, 1.71-11.38, respectively). Patients with immunosuppression receiving non-IO therapies (vs untreated) also had worse COVID-19 severity (aOR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.36-2.35) and cytokine storm (aOR, 2.32; 95% CI, 1.42-3.79). Conclusions and Relevance This cohort study found that in patients with cancer and COVID-19, administration of systemic anticancer therapies, especially IO, in the context of baseline immunosuppression was associated with severe clinical outcomes and the development of cytokine storm. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04354701.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziad Bakouny
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chris Labaki
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Punita Grover
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Cincinnati Cancer Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Joy Awosika
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Cincinnati Cancer Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Shuchi Gulati
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Cincinnati Cancer Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Chih-Yuan Hsu
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Saif I Alimohamed
- Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Babar Bashir
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Mehmet A Bilen
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | | | - Aakash Desai
- Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Arielle Elkrief
- Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Omar E Eton
- Hartford Healthcare Cancer Institute, Hartford, Connecticut
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mohamed Hendawi
- Aurora Cancer Center, Advocate Aurora Health, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Emily Hsu
- Hartford Healthcare Cancer Institute, Hartford, Connecticut
| | - Clara Hwang
- Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Roman Jandarov
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Cincinnati Cancer Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | | | | | - Monika Joshi
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Hina Khan
- Brown University and Lifespan Cancer Institute, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Shaheer A Khan
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Natalie Knox
- Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Vadim S Koshkin
- UCSF, Helen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco
| | | | - Daniel H Kwon
- UCSF, Helen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco
| | - Sara Matar
- Hollings Cancer Center, MUSC, Charleston
| | - Rana R McKay
- Moores Cancer Center, UCSD, San Diego, California
| | - Sanjay Mishra
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Feras A Moria
- McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Nora L Nock
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Justin Panasci
- Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Yuan J Rao
- George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | | | | | - Jacob J Ripp
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City
| | - Andrea V Rivera
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Andrew L Schmidt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Gary K Schwartz
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | | | - Justin Shaya
- Moores Cancer Center, UCSD, San Diego, California
| | - Suki Subbiah
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSU, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Lisa M Tachiki
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhuoer Xie
- Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Michael A Thompson
- Aurora Cancer Center, Advocate Aurora Health, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Tempus Labs, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Dimpy P Shah
- Mays Cancer Center, UT Health, San Antonio, Texas
| | | | - Yu Shyr
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Toni K Choueiri
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Trisha M Wise-Draper
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Cincinnati Cancer Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Omar Butt
- for the COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ang Li
- for the COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Eric Lau
- for the COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium
| | | | - Kyu Park
- for the COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ting Bao
- for the COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ji Park
- for the COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Erin Cook
- for the COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium
| | | | - Susie Lau
- for the COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Anup Kasi
- for the COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Li C Liu
- for the COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chris Su
- for the COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tan Ding
- for the COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sara Saif
- for the COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium
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Salami AC, Stone JM, Greenberg RH, Leighton JC, Miick R, Zavala SR, Zeitzer KL, Bakhos CT. Early Prophylactic Gastrectomy for the Management of Gastric Adenomatous Proximal Polyposis Syndrome (GAPPS). ACS Case Rev Surg 2022; 3:62-68. [PMID: 36909251 PMCID: PMC9997706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Background Gastric adenomatous proximal polyposis syndrome (GAPPS) is a recently described, rare, autosomal dominant condition characterized by the extensive involvement of the proximal stomach with hundreds of heterogeneous fundic gland polyps with antral and duodenal sparing. GAPPS is caused by a point mutation of the APC gene promoter 1B and is associated with a risk of malignant transformation, distant metastasis, and death. There are no surveillance, screening, or treatment guidelines for managing GAPPS. The few reported cases have been variably managed with endoscopic surveillance or prophylactic gastrectomy. However, there is no consensus on the optimal management approach. Summary In this case series, we review the relevant literature on GAPPS and present two siblings who underwent early prophylactic total gastrectomies with good outcomes. Conclusion Due to the poor correlation between the endoscopic findings on sampled polyps and the risk of harboring invasive gastric cancer, patients with GAPPS should be strongly considered for early prophylactic total gastrectomies in the absence of prohibitive comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Salami
- Division of Thoracic and Foregut Surgery University of Minnesota Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - J M Stone
- Department of Surgery Albert Einstein Healthcare Network Philadelphia, PA 19141
| | - R H Greenberg
- Division of Medical Oncology Albert Einstein Healthcare Network Philadelphia, PA 19141
| | - J C Leighton
- Department of Surgery Albert Einstein Healthcare Network Philadelphia, PA 19141
| | - R Miick
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Albert Einstein Healthcare Network Philadelphia, PA 19141
| | - S R Zavala
- South Jersey Gastroenterology Marlton, NJ 08053
| | - K L Zeitzer
- Division of Radiation Oncology Albert Einstein Healthcare Network Philadelphia, PA 19141
| | - C T Bakhos
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery Temple University Hospital Philadelphia, PA 19140.,Department of Surgical Oncology Fox Chase Cancer Center Philadelphia, PA 19111
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Potdar RR, Thomas A, Dourado C, Mohiuddin K, Djibo DAM, Leighton JC, Ford JG. Abstract A096: Smartphone use and accessibility to Internet by cancer patients in a socioeconomically diverse community. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7755.disp18-a096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Hospitals are increasingly using different patient engagement platforms to improve patient education, engagement, and satisfaction. Most of these patient engagement platforms are smartphone based. This requires patient awareness and understanding of basic technology. Einstein Medical Center serves a large socioeconomically and racially diverse population in North Philadelphia. We undertook a feasibility study before introducing any patient education/engagement platforms in our population. Our primary objective was to assess the use of smartphones and Internet by cancer patients in a socioeconomically diverse population. Our secondary objective was to assess feasibility of introducing technological platforms to improve patient education, engagement and satisfaction.
Methods: A onetime cross-sectional survey of patients attending the outpatient clinic and infusion center were interviewed by a trained interviewer during a one-week period in July 2018. The questionnaire was designed to assess demographic information, questions related to patients' smartphone and Internet availability, and use for health.
Results: We surveyed 75 patients in one week (N=75). Their ages ranged from 21 to 91 years old. There were 25 (33.3%) male and 50 (66.7%) female patients. Around 32 patients had at least a college education and 42 had a high school level education or less. 53 (71.6%) patients owned a smartphone and all of those owners could browse the Internet and download applications on their phone. 20 (26.67%) patients used an iPhone platform and 34 (45.33%) patients used an Android smartphone. Most of the patients who had a smartphone were willing to download applications that can help monitor their cancer and health.
Conclusion: Though our hospital is located in a socioeconomically disadvantaged area, the vast majority of patients own a smartphone and are willing to use them to monitor their cancer care. We can confidently use this technological advancement to help improve patient education, engagement, and satisfaction in this setting.
Note: This abstract was not presented at the conference.
Citation Format: Rashmika R. Potdar, Arun Thomas, Claudia Dourado, Kamran Mohiuddin, Djeneba Audrey M. Djibo, John C. Leighton, Jean G. Ford. Smartphone use and accessibility to Internet by cancer patients in a socioeconomically diverse community [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr A096.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arun Thomas
- Einstein Medical Center Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | | | | | | | - Jean G. Ford
- Einstein Medical Center Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
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Mittar P, Casella S, Bombonati A, Emiloju O, Jablon L, Schultz D, Leighton JC, Solin LJ. Abstract P5-18-09: Performance of Oncotype DX DCIS score across diverse ethnic populations. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p5-18-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
There is a paucity of data on Oncotype DX DCIS Score and ethnic variation. It has been postulated that there are different molecular features /drivers among different ethnic populations. The Oncotype DX DCIS Score is a genomic test designed to analyze the expression of a group of 12 genes which can quantify 10-year local recurrence risk after surgery. The purpose of this study is to evaluate diverse ethnic patients with DCIS relative to traditional clinical pathologic factors and Oncotype DX DCIS Score
We analyzed consecutive cases of DCIS from 2011-2017 who underwent Oncotype DX DCIS Score testing at a single institution. Eighty-four female patients were divided into 5 groups based on self-reported ethnicity: White (36%), African American (AA) (48%), Asian (8%), Hispanic (4%) and Other (4%). Clinical and traditional pathologic factors were collected including age, nuclear grade (NG), ER/PR status and Oncotype DX DCIS Score. The distribution of NG and Oncotype DX DCIS Score was analyzed across ethnic groups.
The mean age at diagnosis was 63. Overall 99 % of cases were hormone positive. Comparison of White and AA patients revealed a correlation between ethnic group and DCIS Score, with a p value of 0.0087 (Table 1). Similarly, we looked at all five ethnic groups and Oncotype DX DCIS Score and found a p value of 0.022. We evaluated ethnicity with White and AA patients versus NG and obtained a p value of 0.084 (Table 2). In addition, we assessed all five ethnic groups and NG. We obtained a p value of 0.068. No AA patients with DCIS had a high DCIS Score. No patients with low NG DCIS had a high DCIS Score. Analysis of the three factors (NG, ethnicity and DCIS Score) concurrently showed that they are not independent.
In summary, our study provides valuable data on Oncotype DX DCIS Score and NG across a diverse patient population. These data highlight the importance of incorporating both traditional clinical pathologic factors and DCIS Score molecular testing for making treatment decision across different ethnic patient populations.
Table 1.Comparison of DCIS Score and Ethnic GroupEthnic GroupLow DCIS ScoreIntermediate DCIS ScoreHigh DCIS ScoreAA3730White2704p=0.0087
Table 2.Comparison of Nuclear Grade and Ethnic GroupEthnic GroupNuclear Grade 1Nuclear Grade 2Nuclear Grade 3AA17194White1399p=0.084
Citation Format: Mittar P, Casella S, Bombonati A, Emiloju O, Jablon L, Schultz D, Leighton JC, Solin LJ. Performance of Oncotype DX DCIS score across diverse ethnic populations [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-18-09.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Mittar
- Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, PA; Millersville University, Millersville, PA; Policlinico Tor Vergata, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - S Casella
- Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, PA; Millersville University, Millersville, PA; Policlinico Tor Vergata, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Bombonati
- Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, PA; Millersville University, Millersville, PA; Policlinico Tor Vergata, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - O Emiloju
- Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, PA; Millersville University, Millersville, PA; Policlinico Tor Vergata, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - L Jablon
- Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, PA; Millersville University, Millersville, PA; Policlinico Tor Vergata, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - D Schultz
- Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, PA; Millersville University, Millersville, PA; Policlinico Tor Vergata, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - JC Leighton
- Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, PA; Millersville University, Millersville, PA; Policlinico Tor Vergata, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - LJ Solin
- Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, PA; Millersville University, Millersville, PA; Policlinico Tor Vergata, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Mittal V, Ahuja S, Vejella SS, Stempel JM, Palabindala V, Dourado CM, Leighton JC. Trends and Outcomes of Venous Thromboembolism in Hospitalized Patients With Ovarian Cancer: Results From Nationwide Inpatient Sample Database 2003 to 2011. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2018; 28:1478-1484. [DOI: 10.1097/igc.0000000000001335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in hospitalized patients with malignancy. Nationwide Inpatient Sample database was analyzed to determine the trends in the rate of hospitalization and mortality from VTE in hospitalized ovarian cancer patients and assess its economic impact and resource utilization.MethodWe queried the 2003 to 2011 Nationwide Inpatient Sample database from Healthcare Cost and Utilization project (Agency of Healthcare Research and Quality) to identify all adults (age ≥18 years) ovarian cancer. Patients hospitalized with VTE as one of the top 3 discharge diagnoses were also identified. Demographic characteristics and in-hospital outcomes of this population were compared with ovarian cancer patients without VTE. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to obtain adjusted odds ratios (ORs).ResultsA total of 34,249 (3.5%) of a total of 981,386 hospitalized ovarian cancer patients had an accompanying diagnosis of VTE. Mean age of the study population was 64 years. After adjusting for potential confounders, compared with those without VTE, ovarian cancer patients with VTE had significantly higher inpatient mortality (6.2% vs 4.3%; OR, 1.12 [confidence interval (CI), 1.06–1.17]; P < .001), longer length of stay (5 vs 4 days; OR, 1.40 [CI, 1.36–1.43]; P < .001), higher average cost of hospitalization (US $26,000 vs US $22,000; OR, 1.10 [CI, 1.07–1.13]; P < .001), and greater disability at discharge (OR, 1.34 [CI, 1.31–1.38]; P < .001). Although the annual number of VTE admissions in ovarian cancer patients increased, in-hospital mortality declined from 10.9% in 2003 to 5.3% in 2011.ConclusionsVenous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients with ovarian cancer is associated with higher inpatient mortality, length of stay, higher cost of hospitalization, and disability at discharge. The hospitalization rate has increased, but the inpatient mortality rate has declined over study period.
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Krishnamoorthy P, Mittal V, Garg J, Shah N, Patel N, Leighton JC, Figueredo V. PREDICTORS OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH POLYCYTHEMIA VERA AND ESSENTIAL THROMBOCYTOSIS: RESULTS FROM THE NATIONAL INPATIENT SAMPLE 2009-10. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(16)31915-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Woo J, Leighton JC. Reply to colorectal carcinomas, KRAS p.G13D mutant allele-specific imbalance, and anti-epidermal growth factor receptor therapy. Cancer 2013; 119:4366-7. [DOI: 10.1002/cncr.28370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janghee Woo
- Department of Medicine; Albert Einstein Medical Center; Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - John C. Leighton
- Department of Medicine; Albert Einstein Medical Center; Philadelphia Pennsylvania
- Braemer Cancer Center; Albert Einstein Medical Center; Philadelphia Pennsylvania
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Woo J, Palmisiano N, Tester W, Leighton JC. Controversies in antiepidermal growth factor receptor therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer. Cancer 2013; 119:1941-50. [PMID: 23504768 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.27994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Revised: 01/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The randomized first-line trials, including the CRYSTAL trial, the OPUS trial, and the PRIME trial, have demonstrated the significant efficacy of cetuximab or panitumumab in patients with v-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) wild-type tumors. The addition of an antiepidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR)-directed monoclonal antibody to chemotherapy for these patients significantly improved progression-free survival, response rates, and R0 resection rates to a greater extent than overall survival compared with patients who received chemotherapy alone. However, 2 recent randomized phase 3 trials, the MRC COIN trial and the Nordic VII trial, reported an unexpected lack of benefit from the addition of cetuximab to chemotherapy in the first-line setting. In addition, recent retrospective analyses performed on a pooled data set from major clinical trials added more complexity, reporting an unexpected association of KRAS G13D mutation with a better clinical outcome compared with patients who had other KRAS mutations in the first-line and salvage settings, whereas the other independent analysis failed to demonstrate a benefit from panitumumab in patients with the same KRAS G13D mutation. The anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody-associated skin toxicity and the controversial strategies of management also are discussed. In this review, the authors analyze the previous randomized clinical trials and more critically re-evaluate recent trials and subgroup analyses to derive 3 factors that need to be taken into consideration regarding the addition of EGFR-directed monoclonal antibodies to chemotherapy: the preclinical data on mechanisms of action between chemotherapy and anti-EGFR antibodies along with mechanisms of resistance to anti-EGFR antibodies, the role of cross-over events in overall survival data, and the significant dose reductions of chemotherapeutic agents when combined with anti-EGFR agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janghee Woo
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19141, USA.
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Zaren HA, Nair S, Go RS, Enos RA, Lanier KS, Thompson MA, Zhao J, Fleming DL, Leighton JC, Gribbin TE, Bryant DM, Carrigan A, Corpening JC, Csapo KA, Dimond EP, Ellison C, Gonzalez MM, Harr JL, Wilkinson K, Denicoff AM. Early-phase clinical trials in the community: results from the national cancer institute community cancer centers program early-phase working group baseline assessment. J Oncol Pract 2013; 9:e55-61. [PMID: 23814525 PMCID: PMC3595451 DOI: 10.1200/jop.2012.000695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The National Cancer Institute (NCI) Community Cancer Centers Program (NCCCP) formed an Early-Phase Working Group to facilitate site participation in early-phase (EP) trials. The Working Group conducted a baseline assessment (BA) to describe the sites' EP trial infrastructure and its association with accrual. METHODS EP accrual and infrastructure data for the sites were obtained for July 2010-June 2011 and 2010, respectively. Sites with EP accrual rates at or above the median were considered high-accruing sites. Analyses were performed to identify site characteristics associated with higher accrual onto EP trials. RESULTS Twenty-seven of the 30 NCCCP sites participated. The median number of EP trials open per site over the course of July 2010-June 2011 was 19. Median EP accrual per site was 14 patients in 1 year. Approximately half of the EP trials were Cooperative Group; most were phase II. Except for having a higher number of EP trials open (P = .04), high-accruing sites (n = 14) did not differ significantly from low-accruing sites (n = 13) in terms of any single site characteristic. High-accruing sites did have shorter institutional review board (IRB) turnaround time by 20 days, and were almost three times as likely to be a lead Community Clinical Oncology Program site (small sample size may have prevented statistical significance). Most sites had at least basic EP trial infrastructure. CONCLUSION Community cancer centers are capable of conducting EP trials. Infrastructure and collaborations are critical components of success. This assessment provides useful information for implementing EP trials in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howard A. Zaren
- Nancy N. and J.C. Lewis Cancer & Research Pavilion, St Joseph's/Candler Hospital, Savannah, GA; Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown; Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Gundersen Lutheran Health System, La Crosse; ProHealth Care Regional Cancer Center, Waukesha, WI; The EMMES Corporation, Rockville; SAIC-Frederick; Clinical Monitoring Research Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick; St Joseph Medical Center, Towson; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR; Lacks Cancer Center, Saint Mary's Health Care, Grand Rapids, MI; The Cancer Program of Our Lady of the Lake and Mary Bird Perkins Cancer Center, Baton Rouge, LA; Spartanburg Regional Healthcare System, Spartanburg, SC; Sanford Cancer Center, Sioux Falls, SD; St Joseph Hospital of Orange, Orange, CA; Penrose-St Francis Health Services, Colorado Springs, CO; and Billings Clinic Cancer Center, Billings, MT
| | - Suresh Nair
- Nancy N. and J.C. Lewis Cancer & Research Pavilion, St Joseph's/Candler Hospital, Savannah, GA; Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown; Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Gundersen Lutheran Health System, La Crosse; ProHealth Care Regional Cancer Center, Waukesha, WI; The EMMES Corporation, Rockville; SAIC-Frederick; Clinical Monitoring Research Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick; St Joseph Medical Center, Towson; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR; Lacks Cancer Center, Saint Mary's Health Care, Grand Rapids, MI; The Cancer Program of Our Lady of the Lake and Mary Bird Perkins Cancer Center, Baton Rouge, LA; Spartanburg Regional Healthcare System, Spartanburg, SC; Sanford Cancer Center, Sioux Falls, SD; St Joseph Hospital of Orange, Orange, CA; Penrose-St Francis Health Services, Colorado Springs, CO; and Billings Clinic Cancer Center, Billings, MT
| | - Ronald S. Go
- Nancy N. and J.C. Lewis Cancer & Research Pavilion, St Joseph's/Candler Hospital, Savannah, GA; Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown; Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Gundersen Lutheran Health System, La Crosse; ProHealth Care Regional Cancer Center, Waukesha, WI; The EMMES Corporation, Rockville; SAIC-Frederick; Clinical Monitoring Research Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick; St Joseph Medical Center, Towson; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR; Lacks Cancer Center, Saint Mary's Health Care, Grand Rapids, MI; The Cancer Program of Our Lady of the Lake and Mary Bird Perkins Cancer Center, Baton Rouge, LA; Spartanburg Regional Healthcare System, Spartanburg, SC; Sanford Cancer Center, Sioux Falls, SD; St Joseph Hospital of Orange, Orange, CA; Penrose-St Francis Health Services, Colorado Springs, CO; and Billings Clinic Cancer Center, Billings, MT
| | - Rebecca A. Enos
- Nancy N. and J.C. Lewis Cancer & Research Pavilion, St Joseph's/Candler Hospital, Savannah, GA; Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown; Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Gundersen Lutheran Health System, La Crosse; ProHealth Care Regional Cancer Center, Waukesha, WI; The EMMES Corporation, Rockville; SAIC-Frederick; Clinical Monitoring Research Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick; St Joseph Medical Center, Towson; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR; Lacks Cancer Center, Saint Mary's Health Care, Grand Rapids, MI; The Cancer Program of Our Lady of the Lake and Mary Bird Perkins Cancer Center, Baton Rouge, LA; Spartanburg Regional Healthcare System, Spartanburg, SC; Sanford Cancer Center, Sioux Falls, SD; St Joseph Hospital of Orange, Orange, CA; Penrose-St Francis Health Services, Colorado Springs, CO; and Billings Clinic Cancer Center, Billings, MT
| | - Keith S. Lanier
- Nancy N. and J.C. Lewis Cancer & Research Pavilion, St Joseph's/Candler Hospital, Savannah, GA; Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown; Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Gundersen Lutheran Health System, La Crosse; ProHealth Care Regional Cancer Center, Waukesha, WI; The EMMES Corporation, Rockville; SAIC-Frederick; Clinical Monitoring Research Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick; St Joseph Medical Center, Towson; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR; Lacks Cancer Center, Saint Mary's Health Care, Grand Rapids, MI; The Cancer Program of Our Lady of the Lake and Mary Bird Perkins Cancer Center, Baton Rouge, LA; Spartanburg Regional Healthcare System, Spartanburg, SC; Sanford Cancer Center, Sioux Falls, SD; St Joseph Hospital of Orange, Orange, CA; Penrose-St Francis Health Services, Colorado Springs, CO; and Billings Clinic Cancer Center, Billings, MT
| | - Michael A. Thompson
- Nancy N. and J.C. Lewis Cancer & Research Pavilion, St Joseph's/Candler Hospital, Savannah, GA; Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown; Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Gundersen Lutheran Health System, La Crosse; ProHealth Care Regional Cancer Center, Waukesha, WI; The EMMES Corporation, Rockville; SAIC-Frederick; Clinical Monitoring Research Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick; St Joseph Medical Center, Towson; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR; Lacks Cancer Center, Saint Mary's Health Care, Grand Rapids, MI; The Cancer Program of Our Lady of the Lake and Mary Bird Perkins Cancer Center, Baton Rouge, LA; Spartanburg Regional Healthcare System, Spartanburg, SC; Sanford Cancer Center, Sioux Falls, SD; St Joseph Hospital of Orange, Orange, CA; Penrose-St Francis Health Services, Colorado Springs, CO; and Billings Clinic Cancer Center, Billings, MT
| | - Jinxiu Zhao
- Nancy N. and J.C. Lewis Cancer & Research Pavilion, St Joseph's/Candler Hospital, Savannah, GA; Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown; Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Gundersen Lutheran Health System, La Crosse; ProHealth Care Regional Cancer Center, Waukesha, WI; The EMMES Corporation, Rockville; SAIC-Frederick; Clinical Monitoring Research Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick; St Joseph Medical Center, Towson; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR; Lacks Cancer Center, Saint Mary's Health Care, Grand Rapids, MI; The Cancer Program of Our Lady of the Lake and Mary Bird Perkins Cancer Center, Baton Rouge, LA; Spartanburg Regional Healthcare System, Spartanburg, SC; Sanford Cancer Center, Sioux Falls, SD; St Joseph Hospital of Orange, Orange, CA; Penrose-St Francis Health Services, Colorado Springs, CO; and Billings Clinic Cancer Center, Billings, MT
| | - Deborah L. Fleming
- Nancy N. and J.C. Lewis Cancer & Research Pavilion, St Joseph's/Candler Hospital, Savannah, GA; Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown; Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Gundersen Lutheran Health System, La Crosse; ProHealth Care Regional Cancer Center, Waukesha, WI; The EMMES Corporation, Rockville; SAIC-Frederick; Clinical Monitoring Research Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick; St Joseph Medical Center, Towson; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR; Lacks Cancer Center, Saint Mary's Health Care, Grand Rapids, MI; The Cancer Program of Our Lady of the Lake and Mary Bird Perkins Cancer Center, Baton Rouge, LA; Spartanburg Regional Healthcare System, Spartanburg, SC; Sanford Cancer Center, Sioux Falls, SD; St Joseph Hospital of Orange, Orange, CA; Penrose-St Francis Health Services, Colorado Springs, CO; and Billings Clinic Cancer Center, Billings, MT
| | - John C. Leighton
- Nancy N. and J.C. Lewis Cancer & Research Pavilion, St Joseph's/Candler Hospital, Savannah, GA; Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown; Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Gundersen Lutheran Health System, La Crosse; ProHealth Care Regional Cancer Center, Waukesha, WI; The EMMES Corporation, Rockville; SAIC-Frederick; Clinical Monitoring Research Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick; St Joseph Medical Center, Towson; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR; Lacks Cancer Center, Saint Mary's Health Care, Grand Rapids, MI; The Cancer Program of Our Lady of the Lake and Mary Bird Perkins Cancer Center, Baton Rouge, LA; Spartanburg Regional Healthcare System, Spartanburg, SC; Sanford Cancer Center, Sioux Falls, SD; St Joseph Hospital of Orange, Orange, CA; Penrose-St Francis Health Services, Colorado Springs, CO; and Billings Clinic Cancer Center, Billings, MT
| | - Thomas E. Gribbin
- Nancy N. and J.C. Lewis Cancer & Research Pavilion, St Joseph's/Candler Hospital, Savannah, GA; Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown; Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Gundersen Lutheran Health System, La Crosse; ProHealth Care Regional Cancer Center, Waukesha, WI; The EMMES Corporation, Rockville; SAIC-Frederick; Clinical Monitoring Research Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick; St Joseph Medical Center, Towson; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR; Lacks Cancer Center, Saint Mary's Health Care, Grand Rapids, MI; The Cancer Program of Our Lady of the Lake and Mary Bird Perkins Cancer Center, Baton Rouge, LA; Spartanburg Regional Healthcare System, Spartanburg, SC; Sanford Cancer Center, Sioux Falls, SD; St Joseph Hospital of Orange, Orange, CA; Penrose-St Francis Health Services, Colorado Springs, CO; and Billings Clinic Cancer Center, Billings, MT
| | - Donna M. Bryant
- Nancy N. and J.C. Lewis Cancer & Research Pavilion, St Joseph's/Candler Hospital, Savannah, GA; Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown; Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Gundersen Lutheran Health System, La Crosse; ProHealth Care Regional Cancer Center, Waukesha, WI; The EMMES Corporation, Rockville; SAIC-Frederick; Clinical Monitoring Research Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick; St Joseph Medical Center, Towson; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR; Lacks Cancer Center, Saint Mary's Health Care, Grand Rapids, MI; The Cancer Program of Our Lady of the Lake and Mary Bird Perkins Cancer Center, Baton Rouge, LA; Spartanburg Regional Healthcare System, Spartanburg, SC; Sanford Cancer Center, Sioux Falls, SD; St Joseph Hospital of Orange, Orange, CA; Penrose-St Francis Health Services, Colorado Springs, CO; and Billings Clinic Cancer Center, Billings, MT
| | - Angela Carrigan
- Nancy N. and J.C. Lewis Cancer & Research Pavilion, St Joseph's/Candler Hospital, Savannah, GA; Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown; Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Gundersen Lutheran Health System, La Crosse; ProHealth Care Regional Cancer Center, Waukesha, WI; The EMMES Corporation, Rockville; SAIC-Frederick; Clinical Monitoring Research Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick; St Joseph Medical Center, Towson; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR; Lacks Cancer Center, Saint Mary's Health Care, Grand Rapids, MI; The Cancer Program of Our Lady of the Lake and Mary Bird Perkins Cancer Center, Baton Rouge, LA; Spartanburg Regional Healthcare System, Spartanburg, SC; Sanford Cancer Center, Sioux Falls, SD; St Joseph Hospital of Orange, Orange, CA; Penrose-St Francis Health Services, Colorado Springs, CO; and Billings Clinic Cancer Center, Billings, MT
| | - Jennifer C. Corpening
- Nancy N. and J.C. Lewis Cancer & Research Pavilion, St Joseph's/Candler Hospital, Savannah, GA; Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown; Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Gundersen Lutheran Health System, La Crosse; ProHealth Care Regional Cancer Center, Waukesha, WI; The EMMES Corporation, Rockville; SAIC-Frederick; Clinical Monitoring Research Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick; St Joseph Medical Center, Towson; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR; Lacks Cancer Center, Saint Mary's Health Care, Grand Rapids, MI; The Cancer Program of Our Lady of the Lake and Mary Bird Perkins Cancer Center, Baton Rouge, LA; Spartanburg Regional Healthcare System, Spartanburg, SC; Sanford Cancer Center, Sioux Falls, SD; St Joseph Hospital of Orange, Orange, CA; Penrose-St Francis Health Services, Colorado Springs, CO; and Billings Clinic Cancer Center, Billings, MT
| | - Kimberly A. Csapo
- Nancy N. and J.C. Lewis Cancer & Research Pavilion, St Joseph's/Candler Hospital, Savannah, GA; Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown; Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Gundersen Lutheran Health System, La Crosse; ProHealth Care Regional Cancer Center, Waukesha, WI; The EMMES Corporation, Rockville; SAIC-Frederick; Clinical Monitoring Research Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick; St Joseph Medical Center, Towson; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR; Lacks Cancer Center, Saint Mary's Health Care, Grand Rapids, MI; The Cancer Program of Our Lady of the Lake and Mary Bird Perkins Cancer Center, Baton Rouge, LA; Spartanburg Regional Healthcare System, Spartanburg, SC; Sanford Cancer Center, Sioux Falls, SD; St Joseph Hospital of Orange, Orange, CA; Penrose-St Francis Health Services, Colorado Springs, CO; and Billings Clinic Cancer Center, Billings, MT
| | - Eileen P. Dimond
- Nancy N. and J.C. Lewis Cancer & Research Pavilion, St Joseph's/Candler Hospital, Savannah, GA; Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown; Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Gundersen Lutheran Health System, La Crosse; ProHealth Care Regional Cancer Center, Waukesha, WI; The EMMES Corporation, Rockville; SAIC-Frederick; Clinical Monitoring Research Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick; St Joseph Medical Center, Towson; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR; Lacks Cancer Center, Saint Mary's Health Care, Grand Rapids, MI; The Cancer Program of Our Lady of the Lake and Mary Bird Perkins Cancer Center, Baton Rouge, LA; Spartanburg Regional Healthcare System, Spartanburg, SC; Sanford Cancer Center, Sioux Falls, SD; St Joseph Hospital of Orange, Orange, CA; Penrose-St Francis Health Services, Colorado Springs, CO; and Billings Clinic Cancer Center, Billings, MT
| | - Christie Ellison
- Nancy N. and J.C. Lewis Cancer & Research Pavilion, St Joseph's/Candler Hospital, Savannah, GA; Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown; Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Gundersen Lutheran Health System, La Crosse; ProHealth Care Regional Cancer Center, Waukesha, WI; The EMMES Corporation, Rockville; SAIC-Frederick; Clinical Monitoring Research Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick; St Joseph Medical Center, Towson; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR; Lacks Cancer Center, Saint Mary's Health Care, Grand Rapids, MI; The Cancer Program of Our Lady of the Lake and Mary Bird Perkins Cancer Center, Baton Rouge, LA; Spartanburg Regional Healthcare System, Spartanburg, SC; Sanford Cancer Center, Sioux Falls, SD; St Joseph Hospital of Orange, Orange, CA; Penrose-St Francis Health Services, Colorado Springs, CO; and Billings Clinic Cancer Center, Billings, MT
| | - Maria M. Gonzalez
- Nancy N. and J.C. Lewis Cancer & Research Pavilion, St Joseph's/Candler Hospital, Savannah, GA; Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown; Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Gundersen Lutheran Health System, La Crosse; ProHealth Care Regional Cancer Center, Waukesha, WI; The EMMES Corporation, Rockville; SAIC-Frederick; Clinical Monitoring Research Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick; St Joseph Medical Center, Towson; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR; Lacks Cancer Center, Saint Mary's Health Care, Grand Rapids, MI; The Cancer Program of Our Lady of the Lake and Mary Bird Perkins Cancer Center, Baton Rouge, LA; Spartanburg Regional Healthcare System, Spartanburg, SC; Sanford Cancer Center, Sioux Falls, SD; St Joseph Hospital of Orange, Orange, CA; Penrose-St Francis Health Services, Colorado Springs, CO; and Billings Clinic Cancer Center, Billings, MT
| | - Jodi L. Harr
- Nancy N. and J.C. Lewis Cancer & Research Pavilion, St Joseph's/Candler Hospital, Savannah, GA; Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown; Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Gundersen Lutheran Health System, La Crosse; ProHealth Care Regional Cancer Center, Waukesha, WI; The EMMES Corporation, Rockville; SAIC-Frederick; Clinical Monitoring Research Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick; St Joseph Medical Center, Towson; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR; Lacks Cancer Center, Saint Mary's Health Care, Grand Rapids, MI; The Cancer Program of Our Lady of the Lake and Mary Bird Perkins Cancer Center, Baton Rouge, LA; Spartanburg Regional Healthcare System, Spartanburg, SC; Sanford Cancer Center, Sioux Falls, SD; St Joseph Hospital of Orange, Orange, CA; Penrose-St Francis Health Services, Colorado Springs, CO; and Billings Clinic Cancer Center, Billings, MT
| | - Kathy Wilkinson
- Nancy N. and J.C. Lewis Cancer & Research Pavilion, St Joseph's/Candler Hospital, Savannah, GA; Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown; Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Gundersen Lutheran Health System, La Crosse; ProHealth Care Regional Cancer Center, Waukesha, WI; The EMMES Corporation, Rockville; SAIC-Frederick; Clinical Monitoring Research Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick; St Joseph Medical Center, Towson; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR; Lacks Cancer Center, Saint Mary's Health Care, Grand Rapids, MI; The Cancer Program of Our Lady of the Lake and Mary Bird Perkins Cancer Center, Baton Rouge, LA; Spartanburg Regional Healthcare System, Spartanburg, SC; Sanford Cancer Center, Sioux Falls, SD; St Joseph Hospital of Orange, Orange, CA; Penrose-St Francis Health Services, Colorado Springs, CO; and Billings Clinic Cancer Center, Billings, MT
| | - Andrea M. Denicoff
- Nancy N. and J.C. Lewis Cancer & Research Pavilion, St Joseph's/Candler Hospital, Savannah, GA; Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown; Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Gundersen Lutheran Health System, La Crosse; ProHealth Care Regional Cancer Center, Waukesha, WI; The EMMES Corporation, Rockville; SAIC-Frederick; Clinical Monitoring Research Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick; St Joseph Medical Center, Towson; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR; Lacks Cancer Center, Saint Mary's Health Care, Grand Rapids, MI; The Cancer Program of Our Lady of the Lake and Mary Bird Perkins Cancer Center, Baton Rouge, LA; Spartanburg Regional Healthcare System, Spartanburg, SC; Sanford Cancer Center, Sioux Falls, SD; St Joseph Hospital of Orange, Orange, CA; Penrose-St Francis Health Services, Colorado Springs, CO; and Billings Clinic Cancer Center, Billings, MT
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Uwah AN, Ackler J, Leighton JC, Pomerantz S, Tester W. The Effect of Diabetes on Oxaliplatin-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2012; 11:275-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clcc.2012.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2011] [Revised: 03/27/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES This study investigates how long-term colon cancer survivors evaluate their health, functional status and quality of life, and whether there are differences based on age, gender or ethnicity. METHODS Thirty long-term survivors of at least stage I colon cancer were interviewed in person between December 2004 and May 2005. The interview protocol included the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form, Quality of Life--Cancer Survivor, and study-specific questions that asked about physical and non-physical problems they attributed to colon cancer. RESULTS Substantial percentages of survivors attributed their problems with lack of energy (83%), sexual functioning (67%), bowel problems (63%), poor body image (47%) and emotional problems (40%) to having had colon cancer. Of those problems attributed to colon cancer, sexual functioning and pain were given the highest severity rankings by survivors. The majority of long-term colon cancer survivors reported distress regarding future diagnostic tests, a second cancer, and spread of cancer. Women reported greater problems completing daily activities as a result of physical problems (P = 0.003) and more pain (P = 0.07) than men. African Americans appear to report marginally better overall quality of life (P = 0.07) and psychological well-being than whites (P = 0.07). CONCLUSION The majority of long-term colon cancer survivors with resected colon cancer and disease-free for 5 years reported problems with low energy, sexual functioning and bowel problems.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Life-sustaining treatments such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation, mechanical ventilation, vasopressors, and admission to critical care units, if used when recovery chance was remote, may unnecessarily cause discomfort and increase cost of care. Outcomes of these treatments in chronic, refractory congestive heart failure (CHF) and metastatic cancer patients were poor. Although both conditions were the leading causes of death, previous studies indicated that hospice utilization and do-not-resuscitate orders were less common in CHF patients. To date, the use of life-sustaining treatments in these patients and the influence of do-not-resuscitate orders remains unknown. METHOD We conducted a retrospective medical record review of the patients who died in our hospital in 1999 and had discharge diagnoses of CHF or cancer. Medical records were screened for seriously ill patients according to the modified SUPPORT criteria, which included patients with CHF functional class IV or ejection fraction of 20% or less at baseline and with metastatic cancer not receiving any curative treatments. Analyses were performed using SPSS, version 9.0. RESULTS There were 58 and 82 patients in CHF and cancer groups, respectively. CHF patients were older (78.8 vs. 67.3 yrs, p < .001) and stayed in the hospital longer (11.9 vs. 7.9 days, p = .014). The majority of patients in both groups received do-not-resuscitate orders before death (84% and 72%, respectively). CHF patients received do-not-resuscitate orders later than did cancer patients (6.7 vs. 2.8 days, p = .006). However, there was no significant difference in prevalence of do-not-resuscitate orders. All studied life-sustaining treatments were more common in CHF patients than in cancer patients. A subgroup analysis between CHF patients with do-not-resuscitate orders and those without do-not-resuscitate orders revealed cardiopulmonary resuscitation to be the only treatment less common in those with do-not-resuscitate orders. CONCLUSIONS Patients who died of chronic, refractory CHF received more life-sustaining treatments than did patients who died of metastatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tawee Tanvetyanon
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Jefferson Health System, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Dexter DW, Reddy RK, Geles KG, Bansal S, Myint MA, Rogakto A, Leighton JC, Goldstein LJ. Quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction measured expression of MDR1 and MRP in primary breast carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 1998; 4:1533-42. [PMID: 9626474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the clinical significance of drug resistance mechanisms in breast cancer, we examined the expression of MDR1 and MRP in primary breast carcinoma and normal adjacent tissue using a highly quantitative and reproducible reverse transcription-PCR assay. Expression of both genes was observed in all specimens examined, both tumor (n = 74) and normal adjacent tissue (n = 55). The expression of MDR1, however, was low, with the level of expression being 25 times less than the drug-resistant control cell line KB 8-5. Immunohistochemical analysis of P-glycoprotein corroborated the PCR results; only 6% (2 of 31) were positive for JSB1 staining, and 0 of 32 were positive for for UIC2. MRP expression did not exceed control cell line levels, and immunohistochemistry detected moderate levels of expression. MDR1 expression was independent of grade, stage, tumor size, nodal status, metastasis, and estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor status. There was, however, a significant correlation of MDR1 expression with age and histology. Approximately twice the expression of MDR1 was observed in the < 50 age group compared to the > 50 age group, and lobular carcinoma had 4 times the expression of MDR1 of other histological types. MRP expression was independent of all other clinical parameters. Thus, these results show that although MDR1 expression is detectable in primary breast carcinoma by PCR, this expression as measured by quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR is extremely low. The significance of these low levels is yet to be determined. MDR1 expression was higher in < 50 age group and lobular carcinoma, which may contribute to poor prognosis associated with young age and lobular histology.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Dexter
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111, USA
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Langer CJ, Leighton JC, Comis RL, O'Dwyer PJ, McAleer CA, Bonjo CA, Engstrom PF, Litwin S, Ozols RF. Paclitaxel and carboplatin in combination in the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a phase II toxicity, response, and survival analysis. J Clin Oncol 1995; 13:1860-70. [PMID: 7543559 DOI: 10.1200/jco.1995.13.8.1860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the activity and toxicity of combination paclitaxel (24 hours) and carboplatin in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Eligibility required measurable disease (stage IV or stage IIIB with malignant pleural effusion), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0 or 1, absolute neutrophil count > or = 2,000/microL, platelet count > or = 100,000/microL serum creatinine concentration < or = 1.5 mg/dL, and bilirubin level < or = 2 mg/dL. Paclitaxel was initially administered at a dose of 135 mg/m2/d, followed by carboplatin on day 2 at a targeted area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) of 7.5 using the Calvert formula. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) 5 micrograms/kg subcutaneously (SC) on days 3 to 17 was introduced during the second and subsequent cycles. In patients who sustained less than grade 4 myelosuppression, the paclitaxel dose was sequentially escalated 40 mg/m2 per cycle to a maximum of 215 mg/m2. Treatment was repeated at 3-week intervals for six cycles. RESULTS From June 1993 through February 1994, 54 patients were enrolled; 53 are assessable for toxicity and response. The median age was 62 years (range, 34 to 84). Sixty-nine percent were male, 65% had adenocarcinoma, and 93% had stage IV disease. Two hundred sixty-eight cycles were administered; 32 patients (59%) completed all six cycles. Twenty-five unanticipated hospitalizations occurred during treatment (9.3% of cycles) in 20 patients (37%). Myelosuppression was the principal toxicity; grade 3 or 4 granulocytopenia occurred in 57% of patients after the first cycle, but decreased to 35% during the second cycle after introduction of G-CSF and consistently remained < or = 22% during subsequent cycles. Seven episodes of neutropenic fever occurred, all during the first cycle. Grade 3 or 4 thrombocytopenia and anemia occurred in 47% and 33% of patients, respectively. Eight patients (15%) required platelet transfusions and 16 (30%) required packed RBC support. Neuropathy, myalgias/arthralgias, and thrombocytopenia, although generally mild, were cumulative. The paclitaxel dose was boosted to 215 mg/m2 in > or = 70% of patients who received three or more cycles. At an AUC of 7.5, the median first-cycle carboplatin dose was 424 mg/m2 (range, 273 to 709 mg/m2). The objective response rate was 62%, with five (9%) complete responses and 28 (53%) partial responses. The median progression-free survival time was 28 weeks and the median survival time 53 weeks. The 1-year survival rate is 54%. CONCLUSION The paclitaxel-carboplatin combination is active in advanced NSCLC and may enhance survival; it merits further investigation in phase III trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Langer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
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Langer CJ, Leighton JC, Comis RL, O'Dwyer PJ, McAleer CA, Bonjo CA, Engstrom PF, Litwin S, Johnson S, Ozols RF. Paclitaxel by 24- or 1-hour infusion n combination with carboplatin in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: the Fox Chase Cancer Center experience. Semin Oncol 1995; 22:18-29. [PMID: 7544025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A phase II trial of combination paclitaxel (Taxol; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ) and carboplatin included 54 chemotherapy-naive patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Eligibility mandated Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1 and adequate hematologic, renal, and hepatic function. Paclitaxel 135 mg/m2 over 24 hours preceded carboplatin dosed to an area under the concentration-time curve of 7.5. Six planned courses were given every 3 weeks. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor was introduced during the second and subsequent cycles, and paclitaxel increased 40 mg/m2/cycle (maximum, 215 mg/m2) in patients with absolute neutrophil and platelet nadirs exceeding 500/microL and 50,000/microL, respectively. Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia, observed in 54% of patients during cycle 1, declined to 35% during cycle 2 and to 22% or less during cycles 3 through 6. Neuropathy, myalgias/arthralgias, and thrombocytopenia were mild but cumulative. In 53 evaluable patients, the objective response rate was 62%, with 9% complete remissions and a median response duration of 6 months (range, 1 to 19+ months). At median potential follow-up of 16 months, 9% of patients remain progression free (52+ to 80+ weeks). Median survival is 12.5 months; 1-year survival is 54%. Paclitaxel/carboplatin is highly active in advanced non-small cell lung cancer; granulocyte colony-stimulating factor abrogates neutropenia as the dose-limiting toxicity, but has no effect on the cumulative incidence of thrombocytopenia or treatment delays. One-hour paclitaxel infusion is minimally myelosuppressive, logistically easier, and less costly. A follow-up study combined paclitaxel (175 mg/m2) over 1 hour followed by carboplatin (area under the concentration-time curve, 7.5). In the absence of grade 4 myelosuppression, paclitaxel was increased 35 mg/m2/cycle (maximum, 280 mg/m2). Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor was implemented only after neutropenic fever or grade 4 neutropenia. Of 17 patients entered, 13 are evaluable for toxicity and seven for response. Four patients have sustained a partial response, two a minor response, and one stable disease. The incidence of grade 3 or 4 neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and anemia in cycle 1 was 38%, 16%, and 0%, respectively, and 72%, 28%, and 28%, respectively, during cycle 2. Major nonhematologic toxicities include myalgias and arthralgias (54%) and fatigue and neuropathy (78%), the latter cumulative and progressive over successive cycles. Preliminary data suggest comparable activity for the 1- and 24 hour paclitaxel infusions in combination with carboplatin. The more severe neuropathy of the 1-hour paclitaxel/carboplatin combination may be related to the paclitaxel dosing schema (175 mg/m2 to as high as 280 mg/m2).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Langer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
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Leighton JC, Goldstein LJ. P-glycoprotein in adult solid tumors. Expression and prognostic significance. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 1995; 9:251-73. [PMID: 7642464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Several potential mechanisms of chemotherapy resistance have been identified in adult solid tumors. The multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype is one mechanism by which tumors may simultaneously develop resistance to multiple chemotherapeutic agents and is associated with P-glycoprotein expression. In this article, the authors examine the literature and summarize the various techniques used to measure MDR1 gene expression, patterns of expression in adult solid tumors.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/analysis
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/antagonists & inhibitors
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/metabolism
- Adult
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacokinetics
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Biological Transport/drug effects
- Combined Modality Therapy
- Drug Resistance, Multiple/genetics
- Female
- Forecasting
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Male
- Neoplasm Proteins/analysis
- Neoplasm Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Neoplasms/metabolism
- Neoplasms/mortality
- Prognosis
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Neoplasm/biosynthesis
- Retrospective Studies
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Leighton
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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