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Jung JM, Yoon HK, Kim SY, Yun MR, Kim GH, Lee WJ, Lee MW, Chang SE, Won CH. Anticancer Effect of Cold Atmospheric Plasma in Syngeneic Mouse Models of Melanoma and Colon Cancer. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104171. [PMID: 37241912 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) may have applications in treating various types of malignant tumors. This study assessed the anticancer effects of CAP using melanoma and colon cancer cell lines. CAP treatment significantly reduced the in vitro viability of melanoma and colon cancer cell lines and had a negligible effect on the viability of normal human melanocytes. Additionally, CAP and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor had an additive anticancer effect in a CAP-resistant melanoma cell line. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species known to be generated by CAP enhanced the anticancer effects of CAP and EGFR inhibitors. The in vivo anticancer activities of CAP were evaluated by testing its effects against syngeneic tumors induced in mice by melanoma and colon cancer cells. CAP treatment reduced tumor volume and weight in both cancer models, with the extent of tumor reduction dependent on the duration and number of CAP treatments. Histologic examination also revealed the tumoricidal effects of CAP in both tumor models. In conclusion, CAP inhibits the growth of mouse melanoma and colon cancer cell lines in vitro and shows tumoricidal effects against mouse models of melanoma and colon cancer in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon-Min Jung
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Kyeong Yoon
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Yeon Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ra Yun
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong-Hoon Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Jin Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Woo Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Eun Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong-Hyun Won
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
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Jung JM, Jung CJ, Lee WJ, Won CH, Lee MW, Choi JH, Chang SE. Topically applied treatments for external genital warts in nonimmunocompromised patients: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Br J Dermatol 2019; 183:24-36. [PMID: 31675442 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.18638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Selecting a topical treatment from among the numerous topical agents for external genital warts remains challenging without clear evidence. Our aim was to evaluate comparatively the efficacy and safety of topical agents for external genital warts using a network meta-analysis. We included all randomized controlled trials that evaluated any topically applied treatment for external genital warts. Using the R package netmeta, network meta-analyses were performed with a frequentist approach. We identified 41 relevant studies comprising 6371 patients. Among conventional agents, podophyllotoxin 0·5% solution (odds ratio 1·94, 95% confidence interval 1·02-3·71) was significantly more efficacious than imiquimod 5% cream for lesion clearance; however, it was associated with a higher overall adverse event rate. Sinecatechins 15% ointment (odds ratio 0·21, 95% confidence interval 0·12-0·34) was significantly less efficacious than imiquimod 5% cream. Idoxuridine, polyhexamethylene biguanide, cidofovir and SB206 showed comparable therapeutic efficacies with conventional therapies. None of the treatments were significantly different from each other with respect to recurrence, patients with severe adverse events, or patients who withdrew because of treatment-related adverse events. Conventional modalities were efficacious and well tolerated, although each of them had their advantages and disadvantages. Additional efficacy and safety studies are warranted for unconventional agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Jung
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Centre, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C J Jung
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Centre, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - W J Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Centre, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C H Won
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Centre, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M W Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Centre, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Centre, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S E Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Centre, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Jung JM, Lee DH, Kim KT, Choi MS, Cho YG, Lee HS, Choi SI, Lee SR, Kim DS. Reference intervals for whole blood viscosity using the analytical performance-evaluated scanning capillary tube viscometer. Clin Biochem 2014; 47:489-93. [PMID: 24503006 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2014.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Revised: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/18/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was performed to establish the reference intervals for whole blood viscosity (WBV) using the analytical performance-evaluated scanning capillary tube viscometer (SCTV). DESIGN AND METHODS The analytical performance of the SCTV was evaluated using three different levels of QC materials and sixty human EDTA-blood samples. To establish the reference intervals for WBV, 297 healthy individuals (123 men and 174 women) were selected from 1083 subjects. RESULTS Within-day precisions with QC materials and human whole blood and between-day precisions with QC materials were below 5.0%, 6.6% and 8.0% in CVs at all shear rates, respectively. Comparison tests between the SCTV and the Brookfield viscometer showed a significant correlation (R(2)=0.972, p<0.001). The reference intervals for WBV in healthy men were 3.66-5.41cP at 300s(-1) and 23.15-36.45cP at 1s(-1) while those in women were 3.27-4.32cP at 300s(-1) and 18.20-27.36cP at 1s(-1), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Using the analytical performance-evaluated SCTV, the reference intervals for WBV were established in healthy adults, which could be beneficial to the clinical utility of WBV in the aspect of appropriate modalities for the improvement of blood viscosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Jung
- Hemorheology Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Jeonbuk 516-756, South Korea
| | - D H Lee
- Department of Mechanical Design Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonbuk 516-756, South Korea; Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonbuk 516-756, South Korea
| | - K T Kim
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonbuk 516-756, South Korea
| | - M S Choi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Chonbuk National University and Hospital, Jeonbuk 516-712, South Korea
| | - Y G Cho
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Chonbuk National University and Hospital, Jeonbuk 516-712, South Korea
| | - H S Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Chonbuk National University and Hospital, Jeonbuk 516-712, South Korea
| | - S I Choi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Chonbuk National University and Hospital, Jeonbuk 516-712, South Korea
| | - S R Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Chonbuk National University and Hospital, Jeonbuk 516-712, South Korea.
| | - D S Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Chonbuk National University and Hospital, Jeonbuk 516-712, South Korea.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Because the number of elderly is increasing worldwide, cognitive dysfunction becomes important health care issue. This study investigated the association between cognitive dysfunction and mortality in the elderly. METHOD Data were analyzed from a longitudinal mortality follow-up study of 2712 Korean elderly aged 60 and over, examined in 2002 with complete data followed an average 6.03 years. Measurements included socio-demographic and clinical factors and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). MMSE was categorized into groups with no, mild, or moderate cognitive dysfunction, and the subscores of MMSE domains were categorized into no dysfunction or dysfunction. The Cox proportional hazards models were conducted to examine the association between MMSE score and mortality, after adjusting for age, gender, education and other socio-demographic factors. RESULTS Death during follow-up occurred in 318 subjects. The mortality risk was significantly associated with the elderly with mild cognitive dysfunction [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.93] and with moderate cognitive dysfunction (HR = 2.66). 'Orientation-to-time' (HR = 1.39) and 'Attention' (HR = 1.48) domains of MMSE were independently associated with mortality. CONCLUSION This study showed that cognitive dysfunction independently predicted mortality in the elderly. Cognitive dysfunction should be considered part of identifying the elderly at high risk for mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Park
- Department of Neurology, Korea University Medical College and Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Jung
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, Song-Pa PO Box 145, Seoul 138-600, South Korea.
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Baek BK, Soo KB, Kim JH, Hur J, Lee BO, Jung JM, Onuma M, Oluoch AO, Kim CH, Kakoma I. Verification by polymerase chain reaction of vertical transmission of Theileria sergenti in cows. Can J Vet Res 2003; 67:278-82. [PMID: 14620864 PMCID: PMC280712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the transplacental transfer of Theileria sergenti infection in cattle, we used DNA probes to detect T. sergenti in 6 pregnant cows and their calves. All the animals were monitored by parasitologic, serologic, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays for a predicted 875-base-pair (bp) DNA product and a 684-bp amplicon detected by nested PCR in the blood and spleens of aborted fetuses. An open reading frame (ORF) starting at nucleotide 170 and terminating at position 1021 was shown to code for a polypeptide of 283 amino acid residues. All 6 dams and 5 calves were positive for T. sergenti in all tests. One calf was positive only with nested PCR. We conclude that transplacental transmission of T. sergenti is a significant problem. The relevance of the data in the programmed introduction of new (especially pregnant) animals into established clean herds needs serious consideration with regard to control of theileriosis and other tickborne diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong K Baek
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Chonju, Korea
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Abstract
We studied radiographs of the wrists of 120 healthy volunteers in order to determine the normal range of ulnar variance. They had been taken in various positions under both unloaded (static) and loaded (dynamic) conditions. Pronation posteroanterior, supination anteroposterior and neutral posteroanterior views were taken of each wrist before and during a maximum grip under identical conditions. The mean normal ulnar variance in neutral rotation was +0.74+/-1.46 mm, a value which was significantly lower in males than in females. We found negative variance in 26% of cases. We measured maximum ulnar variance (UVmax +1.52+/-1.56 mm) when gripping in pronation and minimum ulnar variance (UVmin +0.19+/-1.43 mm) when relaxed in supination. We subtracted UVmin from UVmax to calculate a mean maximum dynamic change in ulnar variance of 1.34+/-0.53 mm. We consider this database of normal values to be useful for both the diagnosis and treatment of conditions related to discrepancy in radio-ulnar length and for clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Jung
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gachon Medical School, Gil Medical Centre, Inchon, Korea
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the usefulness of perfusion MR imaging in assessing the histologic grade of cerebral gliomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS In order to determine relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV), 22 patients with pathologically proven gliomas (9 glioblastomas, 9 anaplastic gliomas and 4 low-grade gliomas) underwent dynamic contrast-enhanced T2*-weighted and conventional T1- and T2-weighted imaging. rCBV maps were obtained by fitting a gamma-variate function to the contrast material concentration versus time curve. rCBV ratios between tumor and normal white matter (maximum rCBV of tumor / rCBV of contralateral white matter) were calculated and compared between glioblastomas, anaplastic gliomas and low-grade gliomas. RESULTS Mean rCBV ratios were 4.90 degrees +/- 1.01 for glioblastomas, 3.97 degrees +/- 0.56 for anaplastic gliomas and 1.75 degrees +/-1.51 for low-grade gliomas, and were thus significantly different; p <.05 between glioblastomas and anaplastic gliomas, p <.05 between anaplastic gliomas and low-grade gliomas, p <.01 between glioblastomas and low-grade gliomas. The rCBV ratio cutoff value which permitted discrimination between high-grade (glioblastomas and anaplastic gliomas) and low-grade gliomas was 2.60, and the sensitivity and specificity of this value were 100% and 75%, respectively. CONCLUSION Perfusion MR imaging is a useful and reliable technique for estimating the histologic grade of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Lee
- Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju-si, Korea
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Abstract
STUDY DESIGN A three-dimensional nonlinear poroelastic finite-element model of a vertebra disc was used to analyze the biomechanical effects of impact loading on the spinal segment. OBJECTIVES To predict changes in biomechanical parameters such as intradiscal pressure, dynamic stiffness, stresses in the endplate region, and the shock-absorbing mechanism of the spine under different impact duration/loading rates, and to investigate the relation between the rate of loading and the fracture potential of the vertebral body. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA It is not practical to discern the role of impact duration using experimental protocols. Analytical studies are better suited to this purpose. However, previous poroelastic finite-element models of the motion segments have dealt mostly with creep phenomena. METHODS A three-dimensional, L3-L4 motion-segment, finite-element model was modified to incorporate the poroelastic properties of the disc, endplate, and cancellous core, and thus simulate the shock-absorbing phenomena. The results were analyzed under variable impact durations for a constant maximum compressive impact load of 3 kN. RESULTS For a shorter impact duration and a given F(max), relatively high cancellous core pressure was generated as compared with a case of long impact duration, although the amount of impulse was increased. In contrast, relatively constant pore pressures were generated in the nucleus regardless of the impact duration. The changes in spinal segment stiffness as a function of impact duration indicated that for a shorter duration of impact, high dynamic stiffness increases the stability of the spinal segment against the impact load. However, the corresponding increase in stresses within the vertebral body and endplate may produce fractures. CONCLUSIONS The finite-element technique was used to address the role of impact duration in producing trauma to the spinal motion segment. Within the limitations of the model, the results suggest that fractures are likely to occur under shorter impact duration conditions. Depending on the strength of the region, a fracture may be initiated in the endplate region or the posterior wall of the cortical shell. The nucleus pressure is independent of the impact duration and depends only on the magnitude of the impact force.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
For the restoration of thumb opposition many types of tendon transfer techniques have been described. The flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) of the ring finger is commonly selected as a motor. On occasion, however, the quality of the flexor muscles of the fingers or wrist is not good enough for tendon transfer and another available muscle must be selected. In this situation, we have preferred to use an extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) or brevis (ECRB) transfer to restore opposition of the thumb. Follow-up examination, at an average 5 years and 10 months after operation, showed that the results of ten of 11 transfers were excellent and the other was good.
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Affiliation(s)
- G H Baek
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea
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Jung JM, Bruner JM, Ruan S, Langford LA, Kyritsis AP, Kobayashi T, Levin VA, Zhang W. Increased levels of p21WAF1/Cip1 in human brain tumors. Oncogene 1995; 11:2021-8. [PMID: 7478521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The cdk inhibitor p21WAF1/Cip1 (p21), which can be transcriptionally activated by p53, functions to block cell cycle progression. In this study, we analysed the expression of p21 in normal and reactive brain and in gliomas of various malignancy grades. Southern blotting showed no p21 gene deletion. Western blotting and immunohistochemical assay showed that the levels of p21 protein in normal and reactive brain tissue were very low; however, p21 was elevated in a majority of gliomas tested, regardless of their malignancy grades. In glioblastoma multiforme, marked elevation of p21 was observed in samples harboring either wild-type or mutant p53. But, in anaplastic astrocytomas, the level of p21 was not elevated in samples harboring mutant-type p53. Immunohistochemical staining of paraffin-embedded astrocytomas and glioblastomas showed that tumor cells and not contaminating normal cells were positive for p21. Therefore, overexpression of p21 appears to be an early event in the development of glial neoplasms and p53-dependent p21 expression appears to be tumor grade specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Jung
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA
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Jung JM, Li H, Kobayashi T, Kyritsis AP, Langford LA, Bruner JM, Levin VA, Zhang W. Inhibition of human glioblastoma cell growth by WAF1/Cip1 can be attenuated by mutant p53. Cell Growth Differ 1995; 6:909-13. [PMID: 8547219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The WAF1/Cip1 protein is an important regulator at the G1 checkpoint in the cell cycle. The WAF1/Cip1 protein binds to the cyclin-dependent kinase complexes and inhibits the kinase activity that is required for cell cycle progression. We investigated the expression of WAF1/Cip1 protein in 14 glioblastoma cell lines and found that WAF1/Cip1 expression was detectable in many of the cell lines, even when mutant p53 was present. We also showed that WAF1/Cip1 protein level was very low in LN-Z308 cells that do not express endogenous p53. Transfection of the wild-type p53 into this cell line activated WAF1/Cip1 expression and inhibited cell growth. In contrast, transfection of the p53 mutant 248Trp failed to activate WAF1/Cip1 expression. Transfection of WAF1/Cip1 alone also inhibited LN-Z308 cell proliferation. However, cotransfection of the p53 mutant 248Trp with WAF1/Cip1 attenuated the growth-suppression effect of WAF1/Cip1. Our analysis with Western blot showed that the levels of cyclin E increased in cells transfected with p53 mutants. We conclude that p53 mutants may counter the negative regulators, such as WAF1/Cip1, by the elevation of positive cell cycle regulators, and the presence of WAF1/Cip1 in tumor cells is not sufficient for growth inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Jung
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA
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Butler JM, McCord BR, Jung JM, Lee JA, Budowle B, Allen RO. Application of dual internal standards for precise sizing of polymerase chain reaction products using capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 1995; 16:974-80. [PMID: 7498145 DOI: 10.1002/elps.11501601163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is an analytical technique which provides rapid, high resolution analysis of amplified DNA fragments produced by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In this study, two internal standards are used as size markers to bracket und precisely size PCR products. The technique is applied to typing PCR products from the short tandem repeat locus HUMTH01. HUMTH01 consists of five to seven major alleles in the size range of 179-203 bp, with each allele four bp apart. Using this genetic marker, a population containing 97 individuals was examined with both polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and CE. Identical genotypes were obtained with both techniques demonstrating the reliability of CE in DNA typing applications. The DNA analysis took place in sets of 10 with a calibration of the CE being performed between each set of samples. For the 97 samples examined, the pooled standard deviation was 0.3 bp. The observed genotype frequencies determined from the sample set did not deviate significantly from Hardy-Weinberg expectations. From these CE results, we conclude that HUMTH01 PCR products can be accurately and precisely sized by capillary electrophoresis using the method described.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Butler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
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Abstract
The authors present the clinical, radiological, and pathological features of a malignant schwannoma occurring in the right lateral ventricle of a 40-year-old man. Metastasis to both cerebellopontine angles and to the cerebellum was found 7 months after subtotal removal of the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Jung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Chinju, Korea
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Butler JM, McCord BR, Jung JM, Allen RO. Rapid analysis of the short tandem repeat HUMTH01 by capillary electrophoresis. Biotechniques 1994; 17:1062-4, 1066, 1068 passim. [PMID: 7873175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Using capillary electrophoresis, we demonstrate separation and analysis of the short tandem repeat HUMTH01 in under 10 min with 3 bp resolution. Separation of the PCR products, which range in size from 179 to 203 bp, is achieved using hydroxyethyl cellulose as the separation medium and a novel single-step voltage gradient. Internal standards on either side of the alleles are used to size the PCR products with an average standard deviation of 0.5 bp. DNA typing patterns obtained with this system are compared to samples separated by polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis.
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Butler JM, McCord BR, Jung JM, Wilson MR, Budowle B, Allen RO. Quantitation of polymerase chain reaction products by capillary electrophoresis using laser fluorescence. J Chromatogr B Biomed Appl 1994; 658:271-80. [PMID: 7820255 DOI: 10.1016/0378-4347(94)00238-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In samples where the amount of DNA is limited, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can amplify specific regions of the DNA. A quantitative analysis of the PCR product would be desirable to ensure sufficient DNA is available for analysis. In this study, we examine the use of capillary electrophoresis (CE) with laser fluorescence detection for quantitation of PCR products. A coated open tubular capillary was used with a non-gel sieving buffer and a fluorescent intercalating dye to obtain results within 20 minutes. Using an internal standard, peak migration time was below 0.1% relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) with a peak area precision of 3% R.S.D. In comparison to quantitation by hybridization, (i.e., slot blot) and spectrophotometric analysis, capillary electrophoresis shows distinct advantages due to its ability to separate unincorporated primers and PCR byproducts from the targeted PCR product. The results demonstrate that CE can be used to monitor the quality and quantity of the PCR product.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Butler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22903
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Hochmeister MN, Jung JM, Budowle B, Borer UV, Dirnhofer R. Swiss population data on three tetrameric short tandem repeat loci--VWA, HUMTHO1, and F13A1--derived using multiplex PCR and laser fluorescence detection. Int J Legal Med 1994; 107:34-6. [PMID: 7999643 DOI: 10.1007/bf01247272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Allele and genotype frequencies for 3 tetrameric short tandem repeat loci VWA, HUMTHO1, and F13A1 were determined in a Swiss population sample using multiplex PCR and subsequent electrophoresis in DNA sequencing gels processed by automated laser fluorescence detection. The technique allows single base pair resolution and rapid typing, with a concomitant reduction in the potential for human transcriptional typing errors. All loci meet Hardy-Weinberg expectations. In addition, there is little evidence for association of alleles among the 3 loci. The allelic frequency data can be used in forensic analyses and paternity tests to estimate the frequency of a multiple STR locus DNA profile in the Swiss population.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Hochmeister
- Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland
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Chong YH, Jung JM, Choi W, Park CW, Choi KS, Suh YH. Bacterial expression, purification of full length and carboxyl terminal fragment of Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein and their proteolytic processing by thrombin. Life Sci 1994; 54:1259-68. [PMID: 8164508 DOI: 10.1016/0024-3205(94)00853-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Human amyloid protein precursor(APP770) and its carboxyl terminal portion (CT105) including beta/A4 domain were highly expressed using strong expression systems in E. coli. These recombinant APP peptides were purified with a combination of urea solubilization and ion-exchange chromatography and used for proteolytic processing by thrombin. Three thrombin cleavage sites were predicted by the decrease of APP770 and the appearance of M(r) 56, 27 and 18 kDa fragments containing beta/A4 domain on SDS-PAGE gel and on the immunoblot. A similar but limited proteolysis of platelet APPs exposed to thrombin resulted in the stimulated production of 60 and 27 KDa carboxyl terminal peptides containing the intact beta/A4. This thrombin mediated proteolysis was completely blocked by hirudin, the specific thrombin inhibitor. These results suggest that thrombin may play a role in altered processing of APP to generate potentially amyloidogenic intermediates in vivo leading to amyloid deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Chong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Korea
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Dufour P, Lang JM, Giron C, Duclos B, Haehnel P, Jaeck D, Jung JM, Oberling F. Sodium dithiocarb as adjuvant immunotherapy for high risk breast cancer: a randomized study. Biotherapy 1993; 6:9-12. [PMID: 8389572 DOI: 10.1007/bf01877380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Sixty-four patients with non metastatic high risk breast cancer were randomized in a double blind trial of adjuvant immunotherapy with sodium dithiocarb (DDC) versus placebo. All patients underwent prior surgery (mammectomy according to Patey) then adjuvant FAC chemotherapy +/- DDC. With a median follow-up of 5 years we observed 6 relapses and 5 deaths in DDC group; 13 relapses and 12 deaths in control group. At 6 years, overall survival is 81% in DDC group versus 55%. Disease free survival (DFS) is 76% in DDC group versus 55%. DDC associated to chemotherapy and locoregional treatment can improve survival and probably DFS in this high risk breast cancer subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Dufour
- Service Onco-Hématologie, CHU de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France
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Abstract
Colonization of the gingival crevice by black-pigmented Porphyromonas or Prevotella spp. (BP/P), including Porphyromonas gingivalis (formerly Bacteroides gingivalis) and Prevotella intermedia (formerly Bacteroides intermedius), is thought to be an important ecological event which may result in the destruction of connective tissues supporting the teeth. Theoretically, periodontal diseases could be prevented if these or other periodontal pathogenic microorganisms did not colonize the subgingival area. The humoral immune response is one mechanism which may modulate bacterial colonization in the gingival crevice. In the present study, we tested the effect of systemic humoral immunity on subgingival colonization by indigenous P. intermedia in squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus). Animals rendered essentially free of detectable BP/P by a single scaling, 10 days of tetracycline therapy, and toothbrushing three times per week were immunized with P. intermedia 1447 or were sham immunized with phosphate-buffered saline. Subsequently, all oral hygiene procedures were discontinued and five teeth in one quadrant were ligated with bacterium-soaked suture material to facilitate BP/P colonization. Immunization resulted in a significant increase in the level of immunoglobulin G anti-P. intermedia antibody in serum. Two weeks after ligation was initiated, P. intermedia could be detected in five of six sham-immunized and three of six immunized animals. Immunization was associated with a reduction in the emergence of indigenous P. intermedia in the gingival crevice.
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Affiliation(s)
- W B Clark
- Periodontal Disease Research Center, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610
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Jung JM, Comey CT, Baer DB, Budowle B. Extraction strategy for obtaining DNA from bloodstains for PCR amplification and typing of the HLA-DQ alpha gene. Int J Legal Med 1991; 104:145-8. [PMID: 1911413 DOI: 10.1007/bf01369719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A simple, practical approach for the extraction of PCR-amplifiable DNA for the HLA-DQ alpha gene from bloodstains deposited on various substrates is described. DNA from bloodstains is purified using Chelex 100 ion-exchange resin and then amplified. If amplification is not achieved, the extract is washed through a Centricon 100 dialysis/concentration tube. If the second amplification of this extract produces a negative result, the extract is processed with Chelex 100 again. This approach has been found to be reliable, safe, efficient and economical.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Jung
- Forensic Science Research and Training Center, FBI Academy, Quantico, VA 22135
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Comey CT, Jung JM, Budowle B. Use of formamide to improve amplification of HLA DQ alpha sequences. Biotechniques 1991; 10:60-1. [PMID: 2003925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C T Comey
- Forensic Science Research and Training Center, FBI Academy, Quantico, VA 22135
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Ide CH, Jung JM, Jarudi NI, Hart WM. Unilateral exophthalmos. Mo Med 1973; 70:175-8. [PMID: 4686980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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