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Haworth L, May K, Janssen J, Selfe J, Chohan A. Does an alternative breast support garment provide symptomatic relief for larger breasted women with chronic non-specific back pain? Prosthet Orthot Int 2024; 48:213-222. [PMID: 38595180 PMCID: PMC11005674 DOI: 10.1097/pxr.0000000000000277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonsurgical guidelines recommend implementing a correctly fitted bra when managing back pain among larger breasted women. Achieving this is challenging with current bra solutions, sizing principles, and fitting approaches. Persistent wearing of an ill-fitting bra can cause negative health implications, including non-specific back pain. OBJECTIVES This study investigated immediate and short-term biomechanical and pain responses to changing breast support garment among larger breasted women with non-specific back pain. METHODS Participants (n = 24) performed a standing task, drop jumps, and seated typing tasks while bra and spinal kinematic data were recorded. Five breast support conditions were assessed: participants' usual bra (control), a professionally fitted bra in the immediate term (standard) and after 4 weeks wear (standard28), and a bra with an alternative design, measurement, and fitting approach in both the immediate term (alternative) and after 4 weeks wear (alternative28). A bra fit assessment and clinical pain/disability questionnaires were included. RESULTS All participants failed the bra fit assessment in the control bra, compared with 87.5% (n = 21) in the standard and 4.2% (n = 1) in the alternative bras. The standard28 and alternative28 bras provided symptomatic relief, with the alternative28 bra improving a greater number of outcome measures. Reduced nipple-sternal-notch distance was observed only in the alternative28 bra condition. CONCLUSIONS Symptomatic relief may be associated with the resting position of the breast tissue on the anterior chest wall. The alternative bra may provide potential clinical benefit if implemented as part of a nonsurgical or conservative pain management strategy. Alternative breast support garments should be considered to provide solutions to the problems associated with traditional bras.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Haworth
- Allied Health Research Unit, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - Karen May
- School of Medicine, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - Jessie Janssen
- Institute of Therapeutic and Midwifery Sciences, IMC University of Applied Science Krems, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - James Selfe
- Health, Psychology and Communities, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ambreen Chohan
- Allied Health Research Unit, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
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Lemal P, May K, König S, Schroyen M, Gengler N. Invited review: From heat stress to disease-Immune response and candidate genes involved in cattle thermotolerance. J Dairy Sci 2023:S0022-0302(23)00214-X. [PMID: 37164864 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress implies unfavorable effects on primary and functional traits in dairy cattle and, in consequence, on the profitability of the whole production system. The increasing number of days with extreme hot temperatures suggests that it is imperative to detect the heat stress status of animals based on adequate measures. However, confirming the heat stress status of an individual is still challenging, and, in consequence, the identification of novel heat stress biomarkers, including molecular biomarkers, remains a very relevant issue. Currently, it is known that heat stress seems to have unfavorable effects on immune system mechanisms, but this information is of limited use in the context of heat stress phenotyping. In addition, there is a lack of knowledge addressing the molecular mechanisms linking the relevant genes to the observed phenotype. In this review, we explored the potential molecular mechanisms explaining how heat stress affects the immune system and, therefore, increases the occurrence of immune-related diseases in cattle. In this regard, 2 relatively opposite hypotheses are under focus: the immunosuppressive action of cortisol, and the proinflammatory effect of heat stress. In both hypotheses, the modulation of the immune response during heat stress is highlighted. Moreover, it is possible to link candidate genes to these potential mechanisms. In this context, immune markers are very valuable indicators for the detection of heat stress in dairy cattle, broadening the portfolio of potential biomarkers for heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lemal
- TERRA Teaching and Research Center, University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech (ULiège-GxABT), 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - K May
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig-University of Gießen, Ludwigstraße 21B, 35390 Gießen, Germany
| | - S König
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig-University of Gießen, Ludwigstraße 21B, 35390 Gießen, Germany
| | - M Schroyen
- TERRA Teaching and Research Center, University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech (ULiège-GxABT), 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - N Gengler
- TERRA Teaching and Research Center, University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech (ULiège-GxABT), 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
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3
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May K, Van Hooff M, Doherty M, Iannos M. How a systematic review of the experiences of emergency first responder family members living with post-traumatic stress disorder can inform new models of care. JBI Evid Synth 2023; 21:627-628. [PMID: 37045804 DOI: 10.11124/jbies-23-00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karen May
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Military and Emergency Services Health Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Miranda Van Hooff
- Military and Emergency Services Health Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Matthew Doherty
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Marie Iannos
- Military and Emergency Services Health Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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4
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May K, Van Hooff M, Doherty M, Iannos M. Experiences and perceptions of family members of emergency first responders with post-traumatic stress disorder: a qualitative systematic review. JBI Evid Synth 2023; 21:629-668. [PMID: 36164707 DOI: 10.11124/jbies-21-00433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this review was to examine the perceptions and experiences of family members of emergency first responders (EFRs) with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). INTRODUCTION Research indicates that rates of PTSD in EFRs are approximately double civilian rates; however, little is known about the resultant effects on their family members. This review identifies the qualitative literature and data examining the perceptions and experiences of families with a current or former EFR family member with diagnosed or undiagnosed PTSD. INCLUSION CRITERIA This review included all relevant articles, books, reports, and doctoral theses in English, globally, with no time limits, examining the experiences of family members of current or former EFRs family with diagnosed or undiagnosed PTSD. All possible familial configurations and family members were considered, including nuclear, separated, and blended families, of an EFR. There were no age restrictions on EFRs or their family members, or limitations on recency of service. EFRs included police, ambulance/paramedics, firefighters, and rescue personnel. METHODS The databases searched included MEDLINE (PubMed), PsycINFO (Ovid), Embase, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), and Scopus. Hand-searching of relevant journals was conducted across Australian Paramedic , Australasian Journal of Paramedicine , British Paramedic Journal , International Paramedic Practice , Irish Journal of Paramedicine , Journal of Paramedic Practice , Prehospital and Disaster Medicine , and Prehospital Emergency Care . Sources of unpublished studies and gray literature, such as dissertations, were searched via PTSDpubs (ProQuest) and OpenGrey (DANS EASY Data Archive). The search was updated in October 2021. Titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened by 2 independent reviewers against the inclusion criteria, and any conflicting views were resolved by discussion. Results were critically appraised for methodological quality. Post-data extraction results were synthesized and evaluated for credibility and dependability in accordance with the a priori protocol. RESULTS The search yielded 1264 records and 48 were deemed eligible for full-text review. Seven studies were critically appraised, and 5 studies were agreed upon for inclusion in the synthesis. From these 5 studies, 53 findings were extracted with associated illustrations and synthesized into 9 categories. Following meta-aggregation, 4 broad synthesized findings were developed: i) Changed family member roles, spousal relationships difficulties, and family functioning when living with an EFR with PTSD; ii) Spouses of an EFR with PTSD may experience vicarious trauma, secondary trauma, and/or overburden as a consequence of protecting the family unit; iii) Children of an EFR parent with PTSD may experience secondary trauma, vicarious trauma, and/or separation anxiety; and iv) Spouses' help-seeking and support needs for their EFR partners with PTSD, their children, and themselves. The first 3 findings received a low ConQual score due to low dependability and moderate credibility. The final finding received a moderate ConQual score due to low dependability and high credibility. CONCLUSIONS The findings of the 5 qualitative studies included in the review showed significant mental health and functional impacts for family members of EFR with PTSD. Most studies focused on spouses, with some limited data on children. Two of the 5 studies focused on the 9/11 World Trade Center terrorist attacks in the United States. The findings also indicate the need for targeted psychological and social services for EFR family members. Recommendations derived from the synthesized findings of this review include the need for further qualitative research, not only to deepen the understanding about the impacts and needs of EFR with PTSD on family members, but also to inform the design and provision of support services. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO CRD42020196605.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen May
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Military and Emergency Services Health Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Miranda Van Hooff
- Military and Emergency Services Health Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Matthew Doherty
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Marie Iannos
- Military and Emergency Services Health Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Sim BZ, Aaron L, Coulter C, Parkes-Smith J, Badrick T, May K, Armstrong M, Hendry S, Sundac L, Dang L, Ho J, Hanson J, Smith S, Choong K, Henderson AH, Bursle E. A multi-centre retrospective study of Nocardia speciation and antimicrobial susceptibility in Queensland, Australia. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 42:339-345. [PMID: 36720769 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-022-04542-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The study aims to characterise the species identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) results of Nocardial isolates from adult patients across major public hospitals in Queensland, Australia, over a 15-year period. A multi-centre retrospective observational study of Nocardia sp. isolates was conducted from 7 major public hospitals in Queensland, Australia, over a 15-year period. Clinical samples from patients aged ≥ 18 years that isolated Nocardia sp. were included. Demographic and clinical data were collected, along with species identification and AST results. Overall, 484 Nocardia sp. were isolated. Most patients were male (297, 61%) with a mean (IQR) age of 60 (51-75) and a median (IQR) Charlson Comorbidity Index of 4 (2-6). Of these, 239 (49%) patients were immunosuppressed. Organisms were most frequently isolated from sputum (174, 36%), and superficial swabs (102, 21%). Patients presented with pulmonary infections (165, 35%) and superficial skin and soft tissue infections (87, 18%) most commonly. One hundred (21%) isolates were deemed pulmonary colonisation and were not treated. Of the speciated organisms, N. nova complex was the most common (93, 19%), followed by N. farcinica complex (79, 16%). Organisms were reliably susceptible to linezolid (240/245, 98%), amikacin (455/470, 97%), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (459/476, 96%), but less so to imipenem (243/472, 51%) and ceftriaxone (261/448, 58%). This is the largest Australian description of Nocardia sp. to date. Given antimicrobials are often commenced prior to AST results and sometimes even speciation, characterisation of local species and antibiogram data is important to guide empiric choices and local guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Z Sim
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, 199 Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia. .,Cairns Hospital, 165 The Esplanade, Cairns, QLD, 4870, Australia. .,University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.
| | - L Aaron
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, 199 Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - C Coulter
- Queensland Mycobacterium Reference Laboratory, Herston Road, Herston, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - J Parkes-Smith
- The Prince Charles Hospital, 627 Rode Road, Chermside, QLD, 4032, Australia
| | - T Badrick
- Gold Coast University Hospital, 1 Hospital Boulevard, Southport, QLD, 4215, Australia
| | - K May
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, 199 Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - M Armstrong
- Townsville University Hospital, 100 Angus Smith Drive, Douglas, QLD, 4814, Australia
| | - S Hendry
- Townsville University Hospital, 100 Angus Smith Drive, Douglas, QLD, 4814, Australia
| | - L Sundac
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Butterfield Street, Herston, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - L Dang
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Butterfield Street, Herston, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - J Ho
- Cairns Hospital, 165 The Esplanade, Cairns, QLD, 4870, Australia
| | - J Hanson
- Cairns Hospital, 165 The Esplanade, Cairns, QLD, 4870, Australia.,Kirby Institute, High Street, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - S Smith
- Cairns Hospital, 165 The Esplanade, Cairns, QLD, 4870, Australia
| | - K Choong
- Sunshine Coast University Hospital, 6 Doherty Street, Birtinya, QLD, 4575, Australia
| | - A H Henderson
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, 199 Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - E Bursle
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, 199 Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia.,University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
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Osborne D, Richardson-May J, Bush K, Evans M, West SK, May K, Self J. Four cases of acute comitant esotropia associated with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma in children. Strabismus 2022; 31:26-30. [PMID: 36529745 DOI: 10.1080/09273972.2022.2143823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute acquired concomitant esotropia (AACE) is usually a benign form of strabismus that infrequently is associated with intracranial pathology. Clinicians have noted an increase in its incidence and theorize that it may be related to public health "lockdown" measures taken in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. With an increased incidence of AACE clinicians must firstly differentiate AACE from common accommodative esotropia and secondly recognize AACE as a possible sign of serious neuropathology.Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma (DIPG) is a devastating diagnosis for affected families. Children typically present at age 6-7 years with cranial nerve palsies, long tract signs, and/or cerebellar signs. Diagnosis is made from characteristic findings on magnetic resonance brain imaging (MRI brain) and treatment includes radiotherapy and palliative care. Two years from diagnosis, 90% of affected children will have died from their disease. CASE SERIES We present four cases that attended our pediatric ophthalmology clinic with AACE either as a presenting sign of DIPG or as a clinical finding following a DIPG diagnosis. Patient A (age 5 years) presented to the emergency eye clinic with sudden onset diplopia and intermittent esotropia. Suppression later developed, they had 0.00 logMAR visual acuity either eye, and bilateral physiological hypermetropia. MRI brain imaging requested as a result of the unusual presentation led to the DIPG diagnosis. The other 3 cases (ages 11, 5 & 5 years) were assessed post DIPG diagnosis and found to have an esotropia measuring bigger on 1/3-meter fixation than 6-meter fixation, full ocular motility, physiological hypermetropia or emmetropia, and visual acuity normal for age. Other than patient B (age 11 years), who had papilledema and gaze evoked nystagmus when they were assessed 2 weeks prior to death, no patient had any other clinical eye findings. CONCLUSIONS This small series of 4 patients attending our clinic within a 12-month period supports the notion that children presenting with AACE should routinely be offered brain MRI. Not all children with DIPG-associated AACE have significant ophthalmic findings indicative of intracranial pathology. With the potential for increased incidence of AACE related to lockdowns, clinicians should be reminded of the infrequent possibility their patient has a more serious condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Osborne
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Southampton and University of Southampton, Hampshire
| | - J Richardson-May
- Ophthalmic Specialty Training Registrar year 4, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Southampton, Hampshire
| | - K Bush
- Hampshire Hospitals Foundation Trust, Hampshire
| | - M Evans
- Orthoptist, University Hospital Southampton, Hampshire
| | - SK West
- Consultant ophthalmologist, University Hospital Southampton, Hampshire
| | - K May
- Consultant Ophthalmologist, University Hospital Southampton and University of Southampton, Hampshire
| | - J Self
- Consultant Ophthalmologist, University Hospital Southampton and University of Southampton, Hampshire
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Vogel-Claussen J, Lasch F, Bollmann AB, May K, Kuhlmann A, Schmid-Bindert G, Kaaks R, Barkhausen J, Bohnet S, Reck M. HANSE – Ganzheitliche Implementierungsstudie eines norddeutschen interdisziplinären Lungenkrebs Früherkennungs-Programms. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1749896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Vogel-Claussen
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Institut für Radiologie, Hannover
| | - F Lasch
- European Medicines Agency, Amsterdam
| | - A B Bollmann
- Klinik für Pneumologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover
| | - K May
- Klinik für Radiologie und Nuklearmedizin, UKSH Campus Lübeck, Lübeck
| | - A Kuhlmann
- Center for Health Economics Research Hannover (CHERH), Hannover
| | | | - R Kaaks
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg
| | - J Barkhausen
- Klinik für Radiologie und Nuklearmedizin, UKSH Campus Lübeck, Lübeck
| | - S Bohnet
- Medizinische Klinik III, UKSH Campus Lübeck, Lübeck
| | - M Reck
- LungenClinic Grosshansdorf GmbH, Großhansdorf
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Haworth L, May K, Janssen J, Selfe J, Chohan A. The impact of breast support garments on fit, support and posture of larger breasted women. Appl Ergon 2022; 101:103701. [PMID: 35151120 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2022.103701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Due to current measurement, sizing and fitting approaches, poor bra fit is prevalent amongst larger breasted women. The impact of improving bra fit hasn't yet been explored. This pre-clinical study aimed to explore immediate and short-term biomechanical responses to changing breast support garment. Asymptomatic participants (n=24) performed a static standing task, drop jumps and seated typing whilst kinematic data from the breasts and spine were recorded. Three breast support conditions were assessed: Usual, professionally fitted bra in the immediate term (PFB), and the same professionally fitted bra after four weeks wear (PFB28). Bra fit assessments were included for both bras. All participants failed the bra fit assessment when wearing the Usual bra and 67% (n=16) failed when wearing the PFB. Less bra fit issues were present in the PFB, resulting in immediate biomechanical changes relating to breast support and spinal posture, yet nothing in the short term (PFB28). This research sets the foundations for future work to investigate whether the implementation of better fitting breast support garments can influence musculoskeletal pain amongst larger breasted women, whilst attributing potential improvement of symptoms, objective measures of breast support and spinal posture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Haworth
- University of Central Lancashire, Allied Health Professions Research Unit, Preston, UK.
| | - Karen May
- University of Central Lancashire, School of Medicine, Preston, UK.
| | - Jessie Janssen
- IMC University of Applied Science Krems, Institute of Therapeutic and Midwifery Sciences, Krems, Austria.
| | - James Selfe
- Manchester Metropolitan University, Health, Psychology and Communities, Manchester, UK.
| | - Ambreen Chohan
- University of Central Lancashire, Allied Health Professions Research Unit, Preston, UK.
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Tatovic D, McAteer MA, Barry J, Barrientos A, Rodríguez Terradillos K, Perera I, Kochba E, Levin Y, Dul M, Coulman SA, Birchall JC, von Ruhland C, Howell A, Stenson R, Alhadj Ali M, Luzio SD, Dunseath G, Cheung WY, Holland G, May K, Ingram JR, Chowdhury MMU, Wong FS, Casas R, Dayan C, Ludvigsson J. Safety of the use of Gold Nanoparticles conjugated with proinsulin peptide and administered by hollow microneedles as an immunotherapy in Type 1 diabetes. Immunotherapy Advances 2022; 2:ltac002. [PMID: 35919496 PMCID: PMC9327128 DOI: 10.1093/immadv/ltac002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Antigen-specific immunotherapy is an immunomodulatory strategy for autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes, in which patients are treated with autoantigens to promote immune tolerance, stop autoimmune β-cell destruction and prevent permanent dependence on exogenous insulin. In this study, human proinsulin peptide C19-A3 (known for its positive safety profile) was conjugated to ultrasmall gold nanoparticles (GNPs), an attractive drug delivery platform due to the potential anti-inflammatory properties of gold. We hypothesised that microneedle intradermal delivery of C19-A3 GNP may improve peptide pharmacokinetics and induce tolerogenic immunomodulation and proceeded to evaluate its safety and feasibility in a first-in-human trial. Allowing for the limitation of the small number of participants, intradermal administration of C19-A3 GNP appears safe and well tolerated in participants with type 1 diabetes. The associated prolonged skin retention of C19-A3 GNP after intradermal administration offers a number of possibilities to enhance its tolerogenic potential, which should be explored in future studies
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Affiliation(s)
- D Tatovic
- Diabetes Research Group, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - J Barry
- Midatech Pharma PLC, Cardiff, UK
| | | | | | - I Perera
- Midatech Pharma PLC, Cardiff, UK
| | - E Kochba
- NanoPass Technologies Ltd., Nes Ziona, Israel
| | - Y Levin
- NanoPass Technologies Ltd., Nes Ziona, Israel
| | - M Dul
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, UK
| | - S A Coulman
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, UK
| | - J C Birchall
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, UK
| | - C von Ruhland
- Central Biotechnology Services, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - A Howell
- Diabetes Research Group, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - R Stenson
- Diabetes Research Group, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - M Alhadj Ali
- Diabetes Research Group, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - S D Luzio
- Swansea Trials Unit, Swansea University Medical School, UK
| | - G Dunseath
- Swansea Trials Unit, Swansea University Medical School, UK
| | - W Y Cheung
- Diabetes Research Unit Cymru, Institute for Life Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - G Holland
- Swansea Trials Unit, Swansea University Medical School, UK
| | - K May
- Department of Cellular Pathology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - J R Ingram
- Division of Infection & Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - M M U Chowdhury
- Welsh Institute of Dermatology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - F S Wong
- Diabetes Research Group, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - R Casas
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - C Dayan
- Diabetes Research Group, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - J Ludvigsson
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences and Crown Princess Victoria Children´s Hospital, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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10
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May K, Van Hooff M, Doherty M, Iannos M. Experiences and perceptions of family members of emergency first responders with post-traumatic stress disorder: a qualitative systematic review protocol. JBI Evid Synth 2021; 19:1622-1631. [PMID: 33651751 DOI: 10.11124/jbies-20-00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this review is to understand the perceptions and experiences of family members of emergency first responders with post-traumatic stress disorder. INTRODUCTION Research indicates that rates of post-traumatic stress disorder in emergency first responders are approximately double civilian rates; however, little is known about the effects of post-traumatic stress disorder on family members. This review seeks to identify qualitative research on families' experiences and perceptions. INCLUSION CRITERIA This review will consider all studies of family members of current or former emergency first responders with diagnosed or undiagnosed post-traumatic stress disorder of any level of severity. All possible familial configurations and family members will be considered, including nuclear, separated, and blended families, of a current or former emergency first responder. There will be no age restrictions on emergency first responders or their family members, or limitations on recency of service. Emergency first responders may include police, ambulance workers, paramedics, firefighters, or rescue personnel, with no restriction on geographic location. METHODS The databases to be searched will include PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL, PTSDpubs, and Scopus, as well as handsearching of relevant journals. Unpublished studies and gray literature will be searched via PTSDpubs and OpenGrey. The search will aim to find English-language publications with no time limits. Titles and abstracts will be reviewed and then full texts, all screened by two independent reviewers against the inclusion criteria. Any conflicting views will be resolved by discussion or a third reviewer. Results will be critically appraised for methodological quality. Data extraction results will be synthesized and evaluated for credibility and dependability. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO CRD42020196605.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen May
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Military and Emergency Services Health Australia, The Hospital Research Foundation, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Miranda Van Hooff
- Military and Emergency Services Health Australia, The Hospital Research Foundation, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Matthew Doherty
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Marie Iannos
- Military and Emergency Services Health Australia, The Hospital Research Foundation, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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11
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Shabalina T, Yin T, May K, König S. Proofs for genotype by environment interactions considering pedigree and genomic data from organic and conventional cow reference populations. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:4452-4466. [PMID: 33589254 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to prove genotype by environment interactions (G × E) for production, longevity, and health traits considering conventional and organic German Holstein dairy cattle subpopulations. The full data set included 141,778 Holstein cows from 57 conventional herds and 7,915 cows from 9 organic herds. The analyzed traits were first-lactation milk yield and fat percentage (FP), the length of productive life (LPL) and the health traits mastitis, ovarian cycle disorders, and digital dermatitis in first lactation. A subset of phenotyped cows was genotyped and used for the implementation of separate cow reference populations. After SNP quality controls, the cow reference sets considered 40,830 SNP from 19,700 conventional cows and the same 40,830 SNP from 1,282 organic cows. The proof of possible G × E was made via multiple-trait model applications, considering same traits from the conventional and organic population as different traits. In this regard, pedigree (A), genomic (G) and combined relationship (H) matrices were constructed. For the production traits, heritabilities were very similar in both organic and conventional populations (i.e., close to 0.70 for FP and close to 0.40 for milk yield). For low heritability health traits and LPL, stronger heritability fluctuations were observed, especially for digital dermatitis with 0.05 ± 0.01 (organic, A matrix) to 0.33 ± 0.04 (conventional, G matrix). Quite large genetic correlations between same traits from the 2 environments were estimated for production traits, especially for high heritability FP. For LPL, the genetic correlation was 0.67 (A matrix) and 0.66 (H matrix). The genetic correlation between LPL organic with LPL conventional was 0.94 when considering the G matrix, but only 213 genotyped cows were included. For health traits, genetic correlations were throughout lower than 0.80, indicating possible G × E. Genetic correlations from the different matrices A, G, and H for health and production traits followed the same pattern, but the estimates from G for health traits were associated with quite large standard errors. In genome-wide association studies, significantly associated SNP for production traits overlapped in the conventional and organic population. In contrast, for low heritability LPL and health traits, significantly associated SNP and annotated potential candidate genes differed in both populations. In this regard, significantly associated SNP for mastitis from conventional cows were located on Bos taurus autosomes 6 and 19, but on Bos taurus autosomes 1, 10, and 22 in the organic population. For the remaining health traits and LPL, different potential candidate genes were annotated, but the different genes reflect similar physiological pathways. We found evidence of G × E for low heritability functional traits, suggesting different breeding approaches in organic and conventional populations. Nevertheless, for a verification of results and implementation of alternative breeding strategies, it is imperative to increase the organic cow reference population.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Shabalina
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig-University of Gießen, Ludwigstraße 21B, 35390 Gießen, Germany; Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture, Institute of Animal Breeding, Prof.-Dürwaechter-Platz 1, 85586 Poing, Germany
| | - T Yin
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig-University of Gießen, Ludwigstraße 21B, 35390 Gießen, Germany
| | - K May
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig-University of Gießen, Ludwigstraße 21B, 35390 Gießen, Germany
| | - S König
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig-University of Gießen, Ludwigstraße 21B, 35390 Gießen, Germany.
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Klein SL, Scheper C, May K, König S. Genetic and nongenetic profiling of milk β-hydroxybutyrate and acetone and their associations with ketosis in Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:10332-10346. [PMID: 32952022 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ketosis is a metabolic disorder of increasing importance in high-yielding dairy cows, but accurate population-wide binary health trait recording is difficult to implement. Against this background, proper Gaussian indicator traits, which can be routinely measured in milk, are needed. Consequently, we focused on the ketone bodies acetone and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), measured via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) in milk. In the present study, 62,568 Holstein cows from large-scale German co-operator herds were phenotyped for clinical ketosis (KET) according to a veterinarian diagnosis key. A sub-sample of 16,861 cows additionally had first test-day observations for FTIR acetone and BHB. Associations between FTIR acetone and BHB with KET and with test-day traits were studied phenotypically and quantitative genetically. Furthermore, we estimated SNP marker effects for acetone and BHB (application of genome-wide association studies) based on 40,828 SNP markers from 4,384 genotyped cows, and studied potential candidate genes influencing body fat mobilization. Generalized linear mixed models were applied to infer the influence of binary KET on Gaussian-distributed acetone and BHB (definition of an identity link function), and vice versa, such as the influence of acetone and BHB on KET (definition of a logit link function). Additionally, linear models were applied to study associations between BHB, acetone and test-day traits (milk yield, fat percentage, protein percentage, fat-to-protein ratio and somatic cell score) from the first test-day after calving. An increasing KET incidence was statistically significant associated with increasing FTIR acetone and BHB milk concentrations. Acetone and BHB concentrations were positively associated with fat percentage, fat-to-protein ratio and somatic cell score. Bivariate linear animal models were applied to estimate genetic (co)variance components for KET, acetone, BHB and test-day traits within parities 1 to 3, and considering all parities simultaneously in repeatability models. Pedigree-based heritabilities were quite small (i.e., in the range from 0.01 in parity 3 to 0.07 in parity 1 for acetone, and from 0.03-0.04 for BHB). Heritabilites from repeatability models were 0.05 for acetone, and 0.03 for BHB. Genetic correlations between acetone and BHB were moderate to large within parities and considering all parities simultaneously (0.69-0.98). Genetic correlations between acetone and BHB with KET from different parities ranged from 0.71 to 0.99. Genetic correlations between acetone across parities, and between BHB across parities, ranged from 0.55 to 0.66. Genetic correlations between KET, acetone, and BHB with fat-to-protein ratio and with fat percentage were large and positive, but negative with milk yield. In genome-wide association studies, we identified SNP on BTA 4, 10, 11, and 29 significantly influencing acetone, and on BTA 1 and 16 significantly influencing BHB. The identified potential candidate genes NRXN3, ACOXL, BCL2L11, HIBADH, KCNJ1, and PRG4 are involved in lipid and glucose metabolism pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-L Klein
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35390 Gießen, Germany
| | - C Scheper
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35390 Gießen, Germany
| | - K May
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35390 Gießen, Germany
| | - S König
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35390 Gießen, Germany.
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13
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Wale A, Ireland M, Yemm R, Hiom S, Jones A, Spark JP, Francis M, May K, Allen L, Ridd S, Mantzourani E. Unlicensed "Special" Medicines: Understanding the Community Pharmacist Perspective. Integr Pharm Res Pract 2020; 9:93-104. [PMID: 32884914 PMCID: PMC7431448 DOI: 10.2147/iprp.s263970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Community pharmacy staff are responsible for obtaining and supplying unlicensed “special” medicines to patients in primary care. Less well-defined parameters for safe and effective use of unlicensed compared to licensed medicines, along with issues around maintaining consistency between care settings or among manufacturers, have been associated with increased risks. This study aimed to explore the views and experiences of community pharmacy staff on accessing and supplying unlicensed “special” medicines to patients in Wales and the perceived impact of challenges faced on patient care. Methods A qualitative, phenomenological approach was employed, involving semi-structured interviews with pharmacists and pharmacy technicians working at one small chain of community pharmacies in Wales. The interview schedule focused on the personal experiences and perceptions of the participants on the processes involved in accessing and supplying unlicensed “special” medicines from a community pharmacy. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Results A total of six participants completed the interview. Three main themes were constructed from inductive thematic analysis of the transcribed interviews: requirement for additional patient responsibilities; influences on the confidence felt by pharmacy staff when accessing and supplying unlicensed “special” medicines; and continuity of supply. Conclusion This study gives a preliminary insight into the views and experiences of community pharmacy staff in Wales when accessing and supplying unlicensed “special” medicines. Further research is required to see if these views and experiences are representative of community pharmacy staff across the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alesha Wale
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | | | - Rowan Yemm
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Sarah Hiom
- St. Mary's Pharmaceutical Unit, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Alison Jones
- St. Mary's Pharmaceutical Unit, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | | | - Mark Francis
- Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, Wales, UK
| | - Karen May
- Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Swansea, Wales, UK
| | - Louise Allen
- Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Swansea, Wales, UK
| | | | - Efi Mantzourani
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK.,NHS Wales Informatics Service, Cardiff, Wales, UK
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14
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Abstract
Climate change is a serious threat to human health. Nurses recognize vulnerable populations are disproportionately affected by the consequences from climate change, especially the elderly, pregnant women, and children. Children with asthma and chronic health conditions are at the greatest risk for negative health outcomes and are the most important reason for climate advocacy. This descriptive correlational study seeks to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of school nurses related to the health impacts of climate change. School nurses are in a unique position to address the health impacts of climate change and become fierce advocates of climate justice because of population they serve. School-age and adolescent students are particularly vulnerable to the consequences climate change, which include poor air quality, increasing temperatures, and increasing pollen counts. School nurses were invited to participate in the study via email and provided information about the Nurses Climate Change Challenge. It was the goal of the study to assess these domains in school nurses' and later develop continuing education to support the care and advocacy of students. The results suggest more continuing education on climate change and climate conscious care is needed for school nurses. The current challenge is not only to be more prepared to treat a greater number of illnesses induced by climate change, it is also to maintain expertise and adapt to a changing environment. Nurses must address the impact of climate change on a local level by making changes in practice and engaging in research so that they are prepared with the knowledge, and skills to offer expertise in environmental health and the care of school-age populations.
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15
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May K, Jilcott Pitts S, Stage VC, Kelley CJ, Burkholder S, Fang X, Zeng A, Lazorick S. Use of the Veggie Meter® as a tool to objectively approximate fruit and vegetable intake among youth for evaluation of preschool and school-based interventions. J Hum Nutr Diet 2020; 33:869-875. [PMID: 32281191 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reflection spectroscopy is an emerging, non-invasive objective measure used to approximate fruit and vegetable intake. The present study aimed to use a reflection spectroscopy device (the Veggie Meter®, Longevity Link Corporation, Salt Lake City, UT, USA) to assess skin carotenoid status in preschool, middle- and high-school students and to examine associations between skin carotenoids and self-reported dietary intake. METHODS In Autumn 2018, we used the Veggie Meter® to assess skin carotenoids and age-appropriate validated dietary assessment measures to approximate fruit and vegetable (FV) intake. Preschool participants completed a previously validated pictorial liking tool using an iPad (Apple Inc., Cupertino, CA, USA). Middle-school participants completed selected questions from the validated School Physical Activity and Nutrition (SPAN) (Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA) questionnaire regarding frequency of their FV and beverage intake on the previous day, with additional questions about physical activity. High-school participants' FV intake was assessed using the Fruit and Vegetable Screener (National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA). Spearman correlation coefficients were used to determine bivariate associations between measures of dietary intake and Veggie Meter®-assessed skin carotenoid levels. RESULTS Mean (SD) Veggie Meter® readings were 266 (82.9), 219 (68.1) and 216 (67.2) among preschool, middle- and high-school students. There was an inverse association between soda intake and Veggie Meter® readings (r = -0.22, P = 0.03) among middle-school students; and a positive association between daily fruit intake and Veggie Meter® readings (r = 0.25, P = 0.06) among high-school students. CONCLUSIONS The Veggie Meter® comprises a promising evaluation tool for preschool and school-based nutrition interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- K May
- Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - S Jilcott Pitts
- Department of Public Health, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - V C Stage
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Allied Health Sciences, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - C J Kelley
- Department of Public Health, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - S Burkholder
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Allied Health Sciences, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - X Fang
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Allied Health Sciences, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - A Zeng
- ECU Honors Medical Research Program, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - S Lazorick
- Departments of Pediatrics and Public Health, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
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16
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Naderi S, Moradi MH, Farhadian M, Yin T, Jaeger M, Scheper C, Korkuc P, Brockmann GA, König S, May K. Assessing selection signatures within and between selected lines of dual-purpose black and white and German Holstein cattle. Anim Genet 2020; 51:391-408. [PMID: 32100321 DOI: 10.1111/age.12925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to detect selection signatures considering cows from the German Holstein (GH) and the local dual-purpose black and white (DSN) population, as well as from generated sub-populations. The 4654 GH and 261 DSN cows were genotyped with the BovineSNP50 Genotyping BeadChip. The geographical herd location was used as an environmental descriptor to create the East-DSN and West-DSN sub-populations. In addition, two further sub-populations of GH cows were generated, using the extreme values for solutions of residual effects of cows for the claw disorder dermatitis digitalis. These groups represented the most susceptible and most resistant cows. We used cross-population extended haplotype homozygosity methodology (XP-EHH) to identify the most recent selection signatures. Furthermore, we calculated Wright's fixation index (FST ). Chromosomal segments for the top 0.1 percentile of negative or positive XP-EHH scores were studied in detail. For gene annotations, we used the Ensembl database and we considered a window of 250 kbp downstream and upstream of each core SNP corresponding to peaks of XP-EHH. In addition, functional interactions among potential candidate genes were inferred via gene network analyses. The most outstanding XP-EHH score was on chromosome 12 (at 77.34 Mb) for DSN and on chromosome 20 (at 36.29-38.42 Mb) for GH. Selection signature locations harbored QTL for several economically important milk and meat quality traits, reflecting the different breeding goals for GH and DSN. The average FST value between GH and DSN was quite low (0.068), indicating shared founders. For group stratifications according to cow health, several identified potential candidate genes influence disease resistance, especially to dermatitis digitalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Naderi
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Ludwigstr. 21b, Giessen, Germany
| | - M H Moradi
- Department of Animal Sciences, Arak University, Shahid Beheshti Street, Arak, Iran
| | - M Farhadian
- Department of Animal Science, University of Tabriz, 29 Bahman Boulevard, Tabriz, Iran
| | - T Yin
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Ludwigstr. 21b, Giessen, Germany
| | - M Jaeger
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Ludwigstr. 21b, Giessen, Germany
| | - C Scheper
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Ludwigstr. 21b, Giessen, Germany
| | - P Korkuc
- Albrecht Daniel Thaer Institute for Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Humboldt University Berlin, Invalidenstr. 42, Berlin, D-10115, Germany
| | - G A Brockmann
- Albrecht Daniel Thaer Institute for Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Humboldt University Berlin, Invalidenstr. 42, Berlin, D-10115, Germany
| | - S König
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Ludwigstr. 21b, Giessen, Germany
| | - K May
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Ludwigstr. 21b, Giessen, Germany
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17
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May K. Driving Advice with Prescription of Benzodiazepines and Z-drugs. Ir Med J 2019; 112:1028. [PMID: 32311246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K May
- Southwest Specialist Training Programme in General Practice, Ireland
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18
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Danchuk SN, McIntosh F, Jamieson FB, May K, Behr MA. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin strains with defined resistance mutations: a new tool for tuberculosis laboratory quality control. Clin Microbiol Infect 2019; 26:384.e5-384.e8. [PMID: 31705996 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2019.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Laboratory quality control (QC) is essential to assess the reliability of tuberculosis diagnostic testing. To provide safe QC reagents for the detection of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis, we generated antibiotic-resistant mycobacterial strains of attenuated virulence (M. bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)). METHODS Seven mono-resistant BCG strains were developed by introducing resistance-conferring mutations into wild-type BCG strains. Mutations were confirmed by dideoxynucleotide sequencing. Phenotypic resistance was quantified by microbroth dilution to determine the MIC90. The capacity of two commercial tests (GeneXpert TB/RIF and Genotype MTBDRplus) to detect resistance-conferring mutations was evaluated independently. RESULTS Our panel included BCG strains with mutations in rpoB (S450L, I491F), katG (deletion at AA428), gyrA (D94G), rpsL (K43R) and Rv0678c (S63R). These mutations translated respectively into phenotypic resistance to rifampin (MIC ≥8 mg/L), isoniazid (MIC ≥8 mg/L), moxifloxacin (MIC 4 mg/L) and streptomycin (MIC ≥8 mg/L); the Rv0678c mutant showed decreased susceptibility to both clofazimine (MIC 4 mg/L) and bedaqualine (MIC 1 mg/L). GeneXpert (Cepheid) and Genotype MTBDRplus (Hain Lifesciences) both called the rpoB S450L strain rifampin-resistant and the I491F mutant rifampin-susceptible, as expected based on single nucleotide polymorphism positions. Likewise, MTBDRplus called the novel katG deletion mutant isoniazid susceptible despite phenotypic resistance. CONCLUSION BCG strains engineered to be mono-resistant to anti-tuberculosis drugs can be used as safe QC reagents for tuberculosis diagnostics and drug susceptibility testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Danchuk
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; McGill International TB Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - F McIntosh
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; McGill International TB Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - F B Jamieson
- Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - K May
- Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - M A Behr
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; McGill International TB Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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19
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Ribeiro A, Husson O, Drey N, Murray I, May K, Thurston J, Oyen W. Ionising radiation exposure from medical imaging - A review of Patient's (un) awareness. Radiography (Lond) 2019; 26:e25-e30. [PMID: 32052780 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Medical imaging is the main source of artificial radiation exposure. Evidence, however, suggests that patients are poorly informed about radiation exposure when attending diagnostic scans. This review provides an overview of published literature with a focus on nuclear medicine patients on the level of awareness of radiation exposure from diagnostic imaging. METHODS A review of available literature on awareness, knowledge and perception of ionising radiation in medical imaging was conducted. Articles that met the inclusion criteria were subjected to critical appraisal using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. RESULTS 140 articles identified and screened for eligibility, 24 critically assessed and 4 studies included in synthesis. All studies demonstrated that patients were generally lacking awareness about radiation exposure and highlighted a lack of communication between healthcare professionals and patients with respect to radiation exposure. CONCLUSION Studies demonstrate a need to better inform patients about their radiation exposure, and further studies focusing on nuclear medicine patients are particularly warranted. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Adequate and accurate information is crucial to ensure the principle of informed consent is present.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ribeiro
- The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom.
| | - O Husson
- Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - N Drey
- City University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - I Murray
- The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - K May
- The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - J Thurston
- The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - W Oyen
- The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom; Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom
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20
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Coles AJ, Azzopardi L, Kousin-Ezewu O, Mullay HK, Thompson SA, Jarvis L, Davies J, Howlett S, Rainbow D, Babar J, Sadler TJ, Brown JWL, Needham E, May K, Georgieva ZG, Handel AE, Maio S, Deadman M, Rota I, Holländer G, Dawson S, Jayne D, Seggewiss-Bernhardt R, Douek DC, Isaacs JD, Jones JL. Keratinocyte growth factor impairs human thymic recovery from lymphopenia. JCI Insight 2019; 5:125377. [PMID: 31063156 PMCID: PMC6629095 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.125377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lymphocyte-depleting antibody alemtuzumab is a highly effective treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS); however 50% of patients develop novel autoimmunity post-treatment. Most at risk are individuals who reconstitute their T-cell pool by proliferating residual cells, rather than producing new T-cells in the thymus; raising the possibility that autoimmunity might be prevented by increasing thymopoiesis. Keratinocyte growth factor (palifermin) promotes thymopoiesis in non-human primates. METHODS Following a dose-tolerability sub-study, individuals with RRMS (duration ≤10 years; expanded disability status scale ≤5·0; with ≥2 relapses in the previous 2 years) were randomised to placebo or 180mcg/kg/day palifermin, given for 3 days immediately prior to and after each cycle of alemtuzumab, with repeat doses at M1 and M3. The interim primary endpoint was naïve CD4+ T-cell count at M6. Exploratory endpoints included: number of recent thymic-emigrants (RTEs) and signal-joint T-cell receptor excision circles (sjTRECs)/mL of blood. The trial primary endpoint was incidence of autoimmunity at M30. FINDINGS At M6, individuals receiving palifermin had fewer naïve CD4+T-cells (2.229x107/L vs. 7.733x107/L; p=0.007), RTEs (16% vs. 34%) and sjTRECs/mL (1100 vs. 3396), leading to protocol-defined termination of recruitment. No difference was observed in the rate of autoimmunity between the two groupsConclusion: In contrast to animal studies, palifermin reduced thymopoiesis in our patients. These results offer a note of caution to those using palifermin to promote thymopoiesis in other settings, particularly in the oncology/haematology setting where alemtuzumab is often used as part of the conditioning regime. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01712945Funding: MRC and Moulton Charitable Foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alasdair J Coles
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Azzopardi
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Onajite Kousin-Ezewu
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Harpreet Kaur Mullay
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Aj Thompson
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Lorna Jarvis
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica Davies
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Howlett
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Rainbow
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Judith Babar
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy J Sadler
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - J William L Brown
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Edward Needham
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Karen May
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Zoya G Georgieva
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Stefano Maio
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mary Deadman
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ioanna Rota
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Georg Holländer
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Dawson
- Cambridge Clinical Trials Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Medical Research Council (MRC) Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge Institute of Public Health, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - David Jayne
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth Seggewiss-Bernhardt
- University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Hematology/Oncology, Soziastiftung Bamberg, Bamberg, Germany
| | - Daniel C Douek
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - John D Isaacs
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, and Musculoskeletal Unit, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Joanne L Jones
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Affiliation(s)
- E D Owen
- Department of Dermatology, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK
| | - R Logan
- Department of Dermatology, Princess of Wales Hospital, Bridgend, UK
| | - K May
- Department of Histopathology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - M Kalavala
- Department of Dermatology, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK
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Lee D, May K, Faramarzi B. Comparison of first and second acupuncture treatments in horses with chronic laminitis. Iran J Vet Res 2019; 20:9-12. [PMID: 31191693 PMCID: PMC6509908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laminitis is a common but critical disease that causes severe pain and disability in horses. The etiology and pathogenesis of laminitis remain inconclusive and a multimodal therapeutic approach is generally indicated. Acupuncture has been used as a treatment option; however, the required number of treatments is still controversial due to the lack of objective scientific evidence. AIMS The objective of this study was to determine if the response to a second acupuncture treatment differed from the response to the first acupuncture treatment in horses with chronic laminitis. METHODS Fourteen horses with chronic laminitis were identified. Acupuncture points were determined based on the results of a diagnostic acupuncture palpation examination. The second acupuncture treatment and lameness examination were conducted one week after the first treatment. Ten minutes after each acupuncture treatment, a lameness examination was performed and included an objective examination using a body-mounted inertial sensor system called "Lameness Locator" and a routine lameness examination following the "American Association of Equine Practitioners" (AAEP) lameness scale. The level of lameness was statistically analyzed using paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed rank test with p-values <0.05 considered significant. RESULTS Both objective (P=0.042) and routine lameness examinations (P=0.027) showed that the level of lameness significantly decreased after the second acupuncture treatment compared to the response to the first treatment. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that continued acupuncture treatments will result in increasing levels of pain relief, showing the advantage of performing more than one acupuncture treatment in horses with chronic laminitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA
| | - K. May
- El Cajon Valley Veterinary Hospital, El Cajon, CA, USA
| | - B. Faramarzi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA
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Rosales-Nieto C, Ehrhardt R, Makela B, May K, Veiga-Lopez A. 130 Pregnancy-associated glycoprotein profile is altered in twin but not singleton pregnancies after pre-conception diet manipulation. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - R Ehrhardt
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - B Makela
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - K May
- NorthStar Cooperative,Lansing, MI, United States
| | - A Veiga-Lopez
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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May K, Roux J, Phelan M, Soler Lopez R, O’Sullivan J. Audit of Paediatric Head Injury in University Hospital Kerry. Ir Med J 2018; 111:828. [PMID: 30556676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K May
- University Hospital Kerry, Ireland
| | - J Roux
- University Hospital Kerry, Ireland
| | - M Phelan
- University Hospital Kerry, Ireland
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Amirkhosravi A, Alexander M, May K, Francis DA, Warnes G, Biggerstaff J, Francis JL. The Importance of Platelets in the Expression of Monocyte Tissue Factor Antigen Measured by a New Whole Blood Flow Cytometric Assay. Thromb Haemost 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1650226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
SummaryPrevious methods for the determination of monocyte tissue factor (TF) have been technically complex, difficult to standardize, prone to spuriously elevated results and difficult to implement in a clinical laboratory environment. We report the development of a two-color whole blood cytometric technique that overcomes many of these disadvantages. The assay uses small volumes of citrated blood (1.0 ml), can be performed in under one hour (if endotoxin stimulation is not performed), is reproducible (CV = 5%) and uses methodology commonly available in clinical laboratories. Baseline (mean ± SD) expression of monocyte TF in normal subjects was very low (1.1 ± 0.95%, Mean Fluorescence [Mean FL] 0.20 ± 0.01) making relatively small increases easy to detect. Monocyte TF expression following endotoxin (LPS) stimulation for 1 h was 34.6 ± 11.2% (Mean FL 0.32 ± 0.04). LPS-stimulated activity varied between subjects (21-68%) but was remarkably consistent for individual subjects (CV = 5.4%). Stimulated monocyte TF expression was directly proportional to the platelet count and was reduced by platelet protective anticoagulants and by ingestion of aspirin. Non LPS-stimulated monocyte TF was markedly increased, in a dose-dependent manner, by adding collagen to whole blood. This was apparently associated with platelet-monocyte binding and could be abolished by anti-P-Selectin. We conclude that the whole blood flow cytometric assay of monocyte TF may be a valuable tool for clinical use and a useful model system for evaluating the humoral and cellular factors governing monocyte TF expression in a natural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Amirkhosravi
- The Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research Unit, Walt Disney Memorial Cancer Institute at Florida Hospital, Altamonte Springs, Florida, USA
| | - M Alexander
- The Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research Unit, Walt Disney Memorial Cancer Institute at Florida Hospital, Altamonte Springs, Florida, USA
| | - K May
- The Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research Unit, Walt Disney Memorial Cancer Institute at Florida Hospital, Altamonte Springs, Florida, USA
| | - D A Francis
- The Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research Unit, Walt Disney Memorial Cancer Institute at Florida Hospital, Altamonte Springs, Florida, USA
| | - G Warnes
- The Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research Unit, Walt Disney Memorial Cancer Institute at Florida Hospital, Altamonte Springs, Florida, USA
| | - J Biggerstaff
- The Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research Unit, Walt Disney Memorial Cancer Institute at Florida Hospital, Altamonte Springs, Florida, USA
| | - J L Francis
- The Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research Unit, Walt Disney Memorial Cancer Institute at Florida Hospital, Altamonte Springs, Florida, USA
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Alexander J, Richards J, Attah O, Cheema S, Snook J, Wisdell C, May K, Selfe J. Delayed effects of a 20-min crushed ice application on knee joint position sense assessed by a functional task during a re-warming period. Gait Posture 2018; 62:173-178. [PMID: 29554515 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Delayed effects of a 20-min crushed ice application on knee joint position sense assessed by a functional task during a re-warming period. INTRODUCTION The effect of cryotherapy on joint positioning presents conflicting debates as to whether individuals are at an increased risk of injury when returning to play following cryotherapy application at the lower limb. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate whether a 20 min application of crushed ice at the knee affects knee joint kinematics immediately post and up to 20 mins post ice removal, during a small knee bend. METHOD 17 healthy male participants took part in the study performing a functional task. Using three-dimensional motion analysis (Qualisys Medical AB Gothenburg, Sweden), kinematics of the knee were measured during a weight bearing functional task pre and immediately post, 5, 10, 15 and 20 min post cryotherapy intervention. Skin surface temperature (Tsk) cooling was measured via infrared non-contact thermal imaging (Flir Systems, Danderyd, Sweden) over the anterior and medial aspect of the knee. RESULTS Results demonstrated significant reductions in the ability to accurately replicate knee joint positioning. A significant increase (P ≧ 0.05) in rotational movement in the transverse plane occurred, 20 min post ice removal. DISCUSSION A 20-min application of crushed ice to the anterior aspect of the non-dominant knee has an adverse effect on knee joint repositioning and dynamic stability, 20 min after ice is removed. In consideration of returning a land-based athlete to dynamic functional activities, post cryotherapeutic intervention at the knee, clinicians should consider these findings due to the potential increase risk of injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill Alexander
- University of Central Lancashire, Allied Health Professions Research Unit, Brook Building, Preston, Lancashire, PR1 2HE, United Kingdom.
| | - Jim Richards
- University of Central Lancashire, Allied Health Professions Research Unit, Brook Building, Preston, Lancashire, PR1 2HE, United Kingdom
| | - Obed Attah
- University of Central Lancashire, Allied Health Professions Research Unit, Brook Building, Preston, Lancashire, PR1 2HE, United Kingdom
| | - Sam Cheema
- University of Central Lancashire, Allied Health Professions Research Unit, Brook Building, Preston, Lancashire, PR1 2HE, United Kingdom
| | - Joanna Snook
- University of Central Lancashire, Allied Health Professions Research Unit, Brook Building, Preston, Lancashire, PR1 2HE, United Kingdom
| | - Chloe Wisdell
- University of Central Lancashire, Allied Health Professions Research Unit, Brook Building, Preston, Lancashire, PR1 2HE, United Kingdom
| | - Karen May
- University of Central Lancashire, Allied Health Professions Research Unit, Brook Building, Preston, Lancashire, PR1 2HE, United Kingdom
| | - James Selfe
- Manchester Metropolitan University, Department of Health Professions, Manchester, Brooks Building, M15 6GX, United Kingdom
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Gechev A, Richards J, Lindley S, Macedo LB, Alexander J, May K. T75. The relationship between Motor Unit (MU) behaviour and nerve conduction velocity follow cooling at the elbow: An exploration of conduction dependent MUs rate block. Clin Neurophysiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2018.04.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Willis MD, May K, Hope-Gill B, Flood-Page P, Jeffrey D, Joseph F, Robertson NP. PO158 Sarcoidosis following alemtuzumab treatment for multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Psychiatry 2017. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2017-abn.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Kiss
- Centre for Medical Education; Cardiff University School of Medicine; Cardiff U.K
- Department of Dermatology; Cardiff and Vale University Health Board; Cardiff U.K
| | - K. May
- Department of Histopathology; Cardiff and Vale University Health Board; Cardiff U.K
| | - V. Piguet
- Department of Dermatology; Cardiff and Vale University Health Board; Cardiff U.K
- Institute of Infection and Immunity; Cardiff University School of Medicine; Cardiff U.K
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Lockwood A, Mitchell A, Lewis K, Papadopoulos M, Gray J, May K. Dexamethasone induced glaucoma as part of chemotherapy for lymphoblastic lymphoma and colorectal cancer. Acta Ophthalmol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2016.0594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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31
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Richards J, Selfe J, Sinclair J, May K, Thomas G. The effect of different decline angles on the biomechanics of double limb squats and the implications to clinical and training practice. J Hum Kinet 2016; 52:125-138. [PMID: 28149400 PMCID: PMC5260524 DOI: 10.1515/hukin-2015-0200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bilateral decline squatting has been well documented as a rehabilitation exercise, however, little information exists on the optimum angle of decline. The aim of this study was to determine the ankle and knee angle, moments, the patellofemoral joint load, patellar tendon load and associated muscle activity while performing a double limb squat at different decline angles and the implications to rehabilitation. Eighteen healthy subjects performed double limb squats at 6 angles of declination: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 degrees. The range of motion of the knee and ankle joints, external moments, the patellofemoral/patellar tendon load and integrated EMG of gastrocnemius, tibialis anterior, rectus femoris and biceps femoris were evaluated. As the decline angle increased up to 20 degrees, the range of motion possible at the ankle and knee increased. The joint moments showed a decrease at the ankle up to 15 degrees and an increase at the knee up to 25 degrees, indicating a progressive reduction in loading around the ankle with a corresponding increase of the load in the patellar tendon and patellofemoral joint. These trends were supported by a decrease in tibialis anterior activity and an increase in the rectus femoris activity up to 15 degrees declination. However, gastrocnemius and biceps femoris activity increased as the decline angle increased above 15 degrees. The action of gastrocnemius and biceps femoris stabilises the knee against an anterior displacement of the femur on the tibia. These findings would suggest that there is little benefit in using a decline angle greater than 15-20 degrees unless the purpose is to offer an additional stability challenge to the knee joint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jim Richards
- Allied Health Research unit, University of Central Lancashire, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - James Selfe
- Department of Health Professions, Faculty of Health, Psychology and Social Care, Manchester Metropolitan University, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Jonathan Sinclair
- Centre for Applied Sport & Exercise Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Karen May
- Allied Health Research unit, University of Central Lancashire, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Gavin Thomas
- Allied Health Research unit, University of Central Lancashire, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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May K, Planterose DN, Browne MJ, Perkins RM. Development of a Novel Marker Gene Based Assay System for Detection and Evaluation of Antiviral Agents with Activity against Papillomaviruses. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/095632029100200605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A novel assay system has been developed in which expression of a human tissue-plasminogen activator (t-PA) gene, carried on a recombinant papillomavirus vector, is used as a marker for the presence of bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV-1) within transformed mouse C127 cells. This provides a relatively quick and simple means of identifying and evaluating agents with anti-papillomavirus activity. Using this system the antiviral activity and cytotoxicity of interferon and retinoic acid, have been investigated. After seven subcultures in the presence of 200 Units ml−1 mouse α and β interferon, t-PA expression was completely inhibited, with a concurrent alteration in cellular morphology, and restoration of contact inhibition. In accordance with the problems encountered with interferon therapy of human papillomavirus infections, these effects were dependent on the continued presence of interferon, its removal leading to a rapid return of t-PA expression, and reversion of cells to the transformed phenotype. In comparison, 2.0 μg ml−1 retinoic acid partially reduced t-PA expression (this effect was largely maintained even after removal of the inhibiting compound) but did not affect the transformed cell phenotype. These results are discussed in relation to other in vitro studies and also to the clinical treatment of human papillomavirus (HPV) disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. May
- SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals Research Division, Epsom, Surrey, KT18 5XQ, UK
| | - D. N. Planterose
- SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals Research Division, Epsom, Surrey, KT18 5XQ, UK
| | - M. J. Browne
- SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals Research Division, Epsom, Surrey, KT18 5XQ, UK
| | - R. M. Perkins
- SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals Research Division, Epsom, Surrey, KT18 5XQ, UK
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Zich J, May K, Paraskevopoulos K, Sen O, Syred HM, van der Sar S, Patel H, Moresco JJ, Sarkeshik A, Yates JR, Rappsilber J, Hardwick KG. Correction: Mps1Mph1 Kinase Phosphorylates Mad3 to Inhibit Cdc20Slp1-APC/C and Maintain Spindle Checkpoint Arrests. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006009. [PMID: 27101248 PMCID: PMC4839610 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Zich J, May K, Paraskevopoulos K, Sen O, Syred HM, van der Sar S, Patel H, Moresco JJ, Sarkeshik A, Yates JR, Rappsilber J, Hardwick KG. Mps1Mph1 Kinase Phosphorylates Mad3 to Inhibit Cdc20Slp1-APC/C and Maintain Spindle Checkpoint Arrests. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1005834. [PMID: 26882497 PMCID: PMC4755545 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The spindle checkpoint is a mitotic surveillance system which ensures equal segregation of sister chromatids. It delays anaphase onset by inhibiting the action of the E3 ubiquitin ligase known as the anaphase promoting complex or cyclosome (APC/C). Mad3/BubR1 is a key component of the mitotic checkpoint complex (MCC) which binds and inhibits the APC/C early in mitosis. Mps1Mph1 kinase is critical for checkpoint signalling and MCC-APC/C inhibition, yet few substrates have been identified. Here we identify Mad3 as a substrate of fission yeast Mps1Mph1 kinase. We map and mutate phosphorylation sites in Mad3, producing mutants that are targeted to kinetochores and assembled into MCC, yet display reduced APC/C binding and are unable to maintain checkpoint arrests. We show biochemically that Mad3 phospho-mimics are potent APC/C inhibitors in vitro, demonstrating that Mad3p modification can directly influence Cdc20Slp1-APC/C activity. This genetic dissection of APC/C inhibition demonstrates that Mps1Mph1 kinase-dependent modifications of Mad3 and Mad2 act in a concerted manner to maintain spindle checkpoint arrests. When cells divide they need to ensure that a complete copy of their genetic material is transmitted to both daughter cells. Cells have evolved many controls to ensure that every division is carried out with very high fidelity. The spindle checkpoint is one such control, which acts as a surveillance system during mitosis. Defects in this checkpoint control lead to unequal segregation of DNA/chromosomes, termed aneuploidy, which is responsible for human birth defects and is very common in tumour cells. The molecular components of the spindle checkpoint, identified initially through yeast genetics, include several protein kinases. Surprisingly few of their substrates have been identified. Here we identify the checkpoint protein Mad3 as an important substrate of the Mps1Mph1 kinase. We show that Mps1Mph1-dependent modification of Mad3 and Mad2 acts to delay cell division in situations where the genetic material would not be equally inherited by daughter cells. This delay enables the cell to correct any problems within the division machinery and thus avoid aneuploidy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Zich
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, Institute of Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Karen May
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, Institute of Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Konstantinos Paraskevopoulos
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, Institute of Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Onur Sen
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, Institute of Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Heather M. Syred
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, Institute of Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Sjaak van der Sar
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, Institute of Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Hitesh Patel
- Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - James J. Moresco
- Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Ali Sarkeshik
- Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - John R. Yates
- Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Juri Rappsilber
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, Institute of Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Department of Bioanalytics, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universitat Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kevin G. Hardwick
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, Institute of Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Alexander J, Selfe J, Oliver B, Mee D, Carter A, Scott M, Richards J, May K. An exploratory study into the effects of a 20 minute crushed ice application on knee joint position sense during a small knee bend. Phys Ther Sport 2016; 18:21-26. [PMID: 26822165 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The effect of cryotherapy on joint positioning presents conflicting debates as to whether individuals are at an increased risk of injury when returning to play or activity immediately following cryotherapy application at the knee. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a 20 min application of crushed ice at the knee immediately affects knee joint position sense during a small knee bend. DESIGN Pre- and post-intervention. SETTING University movement analysis laboratory. PARTICIPANTS Eleven healthy male participants. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Kinematics of the knee were measured during a weight bearing functional task pre and post cryotherapy intervention using three-dimensional motion analysis (Qualisys Medical AB Gothenburg, Sweden). Tissue cooling was measured via a digital thermometer at the knee. RESULTS Results demonstrated significant reductions in the ability to accurately replicate knee joint positioning in both sagittal (P = .035) and coronal (P = .011) planes during the descent phase of a small knee bend following cryotherapy. CONCLUSION In conclusion a 20 min application of crushed ice to the knee has an adverse effect on knee joint repositioning. Team doctors, clinicians, therapists and athletes should consider these findings when deciding to return an athlete to functional weight bearing tasks immediately following ice application at the knee, due to the potential increase risk of injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill Alexander
- University of Central Lancashire, Allied Health Professions Research Unit, Brook Building, Preston, Lancashire PR1 2HE, United Kingdom.
| | - James Selfe
- University of Central Lancashire, Allied Health Professions Research Unit, Brook Building, Preston, Lancashire PR1 2HE, United Kingdom
| | - Ben Oliver
- University of Central Lancashire, Allied Health Professions Research Unit, Brook Building, Preston, Lancashire PR1 2HE, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Mee
- University of Central Lancashire, Allied Health Professions Research Unit, Brook Building, Preston, Lancashire PR1 2HE, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra Carter
- University of Central Lancashire, Allied Health Professions Research Unit, Brook Building, Preston, Lancashire PR1 2HE, United Kingdom
| | - Michelle Scott
- University of Central Lancashire, Allied Health Professions Research Unit, Brook Building, Preston, Lancashire PR1 2HE, United Kingdom
| | - Jim Richards
- University of Central Lancashire, Allied Health Professions Research Unit, Brook Building, Preston, Lancashire PR1 2HE, United Kingdom
| | - Karen May
- University of Central Lancashire, Allied Health Professions Research Unit, Brook Building, Preston, Lancashire PR1 2HE, United Kingdom
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May K, Jordan D, Fingerle V, Strube C. Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and co-infections with Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Rickettsia spp. in Ixodes ricinus in Hamburg, Germany. Med Vet Entomol 2015; 29:425-429. [PMID: 26096626 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
To obtain initial data on Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (Spirochaetales: Spirochaetaceae) in Ixodes ricinus (Ixodida: Ixodidae) ticks in Hamburg, Germany, 1400 questing ticks were collected by flagging at 10 different public recreation areas in 2011 and analysed using probe-based quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The overall rate of infection with B. burgdorferi s.l. was 34.1%; 30.0% of adults were infected (36.7% of females and 26.0% of males), as were 34.5% of nymphs. Significant differences in tick infection rates were observed between the spring and summer/autumn months, as well as among sampling locations. Borrelia genospecies identification by reverse line blotting was successful in 43.6% of positive tick samples. The most frequent genospecies was Borrelia garinii/Borrelia bavariensis, followed by Borrelia afzelii, Borrelia valaisiana, B. burgdorferi sensu stricto, Borrelia spielmanii, Borrelia bissettii and Borrelia lusitaniae. Based on previously published data, co-infection of Borrelia and Rickettsiales spp. was determined in 25.8% of ticks. Overall, 22.9% of ticks were co-infected with Rickettsia spp. (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae), 1.7% with Anaplasma phagocytophilum (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae), and 1.2% with both pathogens. Study results show a high prevalence of Borrelia-positive ticks in recreation areas in the northern German city of Hamburg and the potential health risk to humans in these areas should not be underestimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- K May
- Institute for Parasitology, Centre for Infection Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hanover, Germany
| | - D Jordan
- Institute for Parasitology, Centre for Infection Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hanover, Germany
| | - V Fingerle
- German National Reference Centre for Borrelia, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - C Strube
- Institute for Parasitology, Centre for Infection Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hanover, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- A.J. Lockwood
- Ophthalmology; Southampton General Hospital; Southampton United Kingdom
- Ophthalmology; Queen Alexandra Hospital; Portsmouth United Kingdom
| | - A. Mitchell
- Oncology; Southampton General Hospital; Southampton United Kingdom
| | - J. Gray
- Oncology; Southampton General Hospital; Southampton United Kingdom
| | - K. May
- Ophthalmology; Southampton General Hospital; Southampton United Kingdom
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Kelly J, McDonald V, Byrne L, May K. Experiences of Vascular Surgeons in the Diagnosis of Peripheral Arterial Disease. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2015.06.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Hollar D, Collum M, May K. Commit to Health: A Nationwide Summer Camp Nutrition and Feeding Intervention Improves Nutrition Knowledge and Healthy Eating Behaviors of Children, Parents, and Staff. J Acad Nutr Diet 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2015.06.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Alexander J, Hobbs SJ, May K, Northrop A, Brigden C, Selfe J. Postural characteristics of female dressage riders using 3D motion analysis and the effects of an athletic taping technique: A randomised control trial. Phys Ther Sport 2015; 16:154-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2014.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Sarkies M, Bowles KA, Skinner E, Mitchell D, Haas R, Ho M, Salter K, May K, Markham D, O’Brien L, Plumb S, Haines T. Data collection methods in health services research: hospital length of stay and discharge destination. Appl Clin Inform 2015; 6:96-109. [PMID: 25848416 PMCID: PMC4377563 DOI: 10.4338/aci-2014-10-ra-0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hospital length of stay and discharge destination are important outcome measures in evaluating effectiveness and efficiency of health services. Although hospital administrative data are readily used as a data collection source in health services research, no research has assessed this data collection method against other commonly used methods. OBJECTIVE Determine if administrative data from electronic patient management programs are an effective data collection method for key hospital outcome measures when compared with alternative hospital data collection methods. METHOD Prospective observational study comparing the completeness of data capture and level of agreement between three data collection methods; manual data collection from ward-based sources, administrative data from an electronic patient management program (i.PM), and inpatient medical record review (gold standard) for hospital length of stay and discharge destination. RESULTS Manual data collection from ward-based sources captured only 376 (69%) of the 542 inpatient episodes captured from the hospital administrative electronic patient management program. Administrative data from the electronic patient management program had the highest levels of agreement with inpatient medical record review for both length of stay (93.4%) and discharge destination (91%) data. CONCLUSION This is the first paper to demonstrate differences between data collection methods for hospital length of stay and discharge destination. Administrative data from an electronic patient management program showed the highest level of completeness of capture and level of agreement with the gold standard of inpatient medical record review for both length of stay and discharge destination, and therefore may be an acceptable data collection method for these measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.N. Sarkies
- Monash Health, Allied Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Monash Health, Allied Health Research Unit, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - K.-A. Bowles
- Monash Health, Allied Health Research Unit, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Monash University, Physiotherapy Department, Allied Health Research Unit, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - E.H. Skinner
- Monash University, Allied Health Research Unit, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Western Health, Allied Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - D. Mitchell
- Monash Health, Allied Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Monash University, Physiotherapy Department, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - R. Haas
- Monash Health, Allied Health Research Unit, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Monash University, Physiotherapy Department, Allied Health Research Unit, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - M. Ho
- Monash Health, Allied Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - K. Salter
- Monash Health, Allied Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - K. May
- Monash Health, Allied Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - D. Markham
- Monash Health, Allied Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - L. O’Brien
- Monash Health, Allied Health Research Unit, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Monash University, Occupational Therapy Department, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - S. Plumb
- Melbourne Health, Allied Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - T.P. Haines
- Monash Health, Allied Health Research Unit, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Monash University, Physiotherapy Department, Allied Health Research Unit, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Tuohy O, Costelloe L, Hill-Cawthorne G, Bjornson I, Harding K, Robertson N, May K, Button T, Azzopardi L, Kousin-Ezewu O, Fahey MT, Jones J, Compston DAS, Coles A. Alemtuzumab treatment of multiple sclerosis: long-term safety and efficacy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2015; 86:208-15. [PMID: 24849515 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2014-307721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Alemtuzumab is a newly licensed treatment of active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) in Europe, which in phase II and III studies demonstrated superior efficacy over β-interferon in reducing disability progression over 2-3 years. In this observational cohort study, we sought to describe our longer-term experience of the efficacy and safety of alemtuzumab in active RRMS. METHODS Clinical and laboratory data including serial Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) assessments, from all 87 patients treated with alemtuzumab on investigator-led studies in Cambridge, UK, from 1999 to 2012, were collected. The occurrence of adverse events including secondary autoimmunity, malignancy and death, and pregnancy outcomes was recorded. Baseline variables including age, disease duration and relapse rate were compared in univariate and logistic regression analyses between groups with different disability outcomes. RESULTS Over a median 7-year follow-up (range 33-144 months), most patients (52%) required just two cycles of alemtuzumab. In the remaining patients, relapses triggered re-treatment to a total of three cycles (36%), four cycles (8%) or five cycles (1%). Using a 6-month sustained accumulation of disability definition, 59/87 (67.8%) of patients had an improved or unchanged disability compared with baseline. By an area under the curve analysis, 52/87 (59.8%) patients had an overall improvement or stabilisation of disability. Higher baseline relapse rate was associated with worse long-term disability outcomes, with trends for longer disease duration and older age at first treatment. Secondary autoimmunity was the most frequent adverse event occurring in 41/86 (47.7%) patients, most commonly involving the thyroid gland. CONCLUSIONS Alemtuzumab is associated with disease stabilisation in the majority of patients with highly active RRMS over an average seven-year follow-up. No new safety concerns arose over this extended follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orla Tuohy
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lisa Costelloe
- Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Grant Hill-Cawthorne
- Sydney Institute of Emerging Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ingunn Bjornson
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Katharine Harding
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Neil Robertson
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Karen May
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tom Button
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Laura Azzopardi
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Michael T Fahey
- Biostatistics Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Joanne Jones
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Alasdair Coles
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Oechtering T, May K, Beldoch M, Schmidtke C, Hunold P, Sievers HH, Barkhausen J, Frydrychowicz A. 4D Fluss-MRT zur Analyse der aortalen Flusscharakteristika bei Patienten mit Sinusprothese. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1372902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Selfe J, Alexander J, Costello JT, May K, Garratt N, Atkins S, Dillon S, Hurst H, Davison M, Przybyla D, Coley A, Bitcon M, Littler G, Richards J. The effect of three different (-135°C) whole body cryotherapy exposure durations on elite rugby league players. PLoS One 2014; 9:e86420. [PMID: 24489726 PMCID: PMC3906033 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whole body cryotherapy (WBC) is the therapeutic application of extreme cold air for a short duration. Minimal evidence is available for determining optimal exposure time. PURPOSE To explore whether the length of WBC exposure induces differential changes in inflammatory markers, tissue oxygenation, skin and core temperature, thermal sensation and comfort. METHOD This study was a randomised cross over design with participants acting as their own control. Fourteen male professional first team super league rugby players were exposed to 1, 2, and 3 minutes of WBC at -135°C. Testing took place the day after a competitive league fixture, each exposure separated by seven days. RESULTS No significant changes were found in the inflammatory cytokine interleukin six. Significant reductions (p<0.05) in deoxyhaemoglobin for gastrocnemius and vastus lateralis were found. In vastus lateralis significant reductions (p<0.05) in oxyhaemoglobin and tissue oxygenation index (p<0.05) were demonstrated. Significant reductions (p<0.05) in skin temperature were recorded. No significant changes were recorded in core temperature. Significant reductions (p<0.05) in thermal sensation and comfort were recorded. CONCLUSION Three brief exposures to WBC separated by 1 week are not sufficient to induce physiological changes in IL-6 or core temperature. There are however significant changes in tissue oxyhaemoglobin, deoxyhaemoglobin, tissue oxygenation index, skin temperature and thermal sensation. We conclude that a 2 minute WBC exposure was the optimum exposure length at temperatures of -135°C and could be applied as the basis for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Selfe
- Allied Health Research Unit, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - Jill Alexander
- AHRu, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph T. Costello
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Karen May
- AHRu, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - Nigel Garratt
- SSTO, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Atkins
- SENS, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
| | | | - Howard Hurst
- SENS, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Davison
- SENS, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - Daria Przybyla
- SENS, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Coley
- Wigan Warriors Rugby League, Central Park, Montrose Avenue, Wigan, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Bitcon
- Wigan Warriors Rugby League, Central Park, Montrose Avenue, Wigan, United Kingdom
| | - Greg Littler
- AHRu, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - Jim Richards
- AHRu, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
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Abbott RA, Thomas C, May K, Kalavala M. Erythematous plaque on the abdomen of an infant. Clin Exp Dermatol 2013; 39:111-2. [PMID: 24164340 DOI: 10.1111/ced.12218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R A Abbott
- The Welsh Institute of Dermatology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
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Abstract
An interactive fortran program (incor) performs the Paul (1989) procedure for testing the null hypothesis that more than two independent population correlations are equivalent. The program also performs subsequent range tests for comparing all possible pairwise correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- N C Silver
- Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 Maryland Pkwy, Las Vegas, NV 89154-5030, USA Department of Psychology, College of Charleston, Charleston, SC 29424, USA
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May K, Fritz B, Duschka RL, Haegele J, Vogt F, Hunold P, Barkhausen J, Kovacs A. Vergleich der gefilterten Rückprojektion und einer Modell-basierten iterativen Rekonstruktion der 4. Generation von peripheren CT-Angiografien. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1346338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Keys B, Schulman M, May K, Joone C, Monyai M, Mpofu D, Marais H, Guthrie A. Comparison of two treatment methods for the elimination of Contagious Equine Metritis in stallions. J Equine Vet Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2012.08.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Smith E, May K, Madan V. An unusually coloured lesion on the thigh. Clin Exp Dermatol 2012; 38:212-4. [PMID: 22924667 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2012.04389.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Smith
- Departments of Dermatology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK.
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