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Byrne ML, O'Brien-Simpson NM, Reynolds EC, Walsh KA, Laughton K, Waloszek JM, Woods MJ, Trinder J, Allen NB. Corrigendum to 'Acute phase protein and cytokine levels in serum and saliva: A comparison of detectable levels and correlations in a depressed and healthy adolescent sample' [Brain Behav. Immun. 34 (2013) 164-175]. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 89:696-697. [PMID: 32694075 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Byrne
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Neil M O'Brien-Simpson
- Melbourne Dental School, Oral Health CRC, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Eric C Reynolds
- Melbourne Dental School, Oral Health CRC, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Katrina A Walsh
- Melbourne Dental School, Oral Health CRC, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Katrina Laughton
- Melbourne Dental School, Oral Health CRC, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Joanna M Waloszek
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Michael J Woods
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - John Trinder
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Nicholas B Allen
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
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2
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Byrne ML, O'Brien-Simpson NM, Reynolds EC, Walsh KA, Laughton K, Waloszek JM, Woods MJ, Trinder J, Allen NB. Acute phase protein and cytokine levels in serum and saliva: a comparison of detectable levels and correlations in a depressed and healthy adolescent sample. Brain Behav Immun 2013; 34:164-75. [PMID: 23999491 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2013.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Revised: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent research has examined associations between inflammation and mental health, and has increasingly focused on utilising younger samples to characterise the temporal relationship between inflammatory responses and the emergence of other symptoms. These studies have typically used blood to measure inflammation, although rates of detection for many inflammatory markers appear to be low. Saliva is a safe and low-cost alternative, and adult research has shown that levels of some salivary markers correlate well with those in serum. However, no research has examined this association in young people. This study examined 16 inflammatory markers in serum and saliva in 17 depressed adolescents and 18 healthy controls, aged 13-18 years. In general, detection rates were higher in saliva compared to in serum. When non-detectable levels were excluded, serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) correlated with salivary CRP (r=0.424, p=0.015), and this correlation appeared to only exist for those individuals with high levels of serum CRP (r=0.599, p=0.014). However, when non-detectable levels were included as zero, salivary levels of CRP, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-12p70, and interferon (IFN)-γ correlated with their serum counterparts. No significant clinical group differences in any acute phase proteins or cytokines were present. This study suggests that saliva can be used to measure inflammation in studies with adolescent participants, especially CRP, as it appears to correlate with systemic inflammation for those individuals who are expected to have high levels of inflammation. Implications for future directions in research on salivary inflammatory markers are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Byrne
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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3
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Greenough MA, Volitakis I, Li QX, Laughton K, Evin G, Ho M, Dalziel AH, Camakaris J, Bush AI. Presenilins promote the cellular uptake of copper and zinc and maintain copper chaperone of SOD1-dependent copper/zinc superoxide dismutase activity. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:9776-86. [PMID: 21239495 PMCID: PMC3058959 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.163964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2010] [Revised: 01/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dyshomeostasis of extracellular zinc and copper has been implicated in β-amyloid aggregation, the major pathology associated with Alzheimer disease. Presenilin mediates the proteolytic cleavage of the β-amyloid precursor protein to release β-amyloid, and mutations in presenilin can cause familial Alzheimer disease. We tested whether presenilin expression affects copper and zinc transport. Studying murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) from presenilin knock-out mice or RNA interference of presenilin expression in HEK293T cells, we observed a marked decrease in saturable uptake of radiolabeled copper and zinc. Measurement of basal metal levels in 6-month-old presenilin 1 heterozygous knock-out (PS1(+/-)) mice revealed significant deficiencies of copper and zinc in several tissues, including brain. Copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) activity was significantly decreased in both presenilin knock-out MEFs and brain tissue of presenilin 1 heterozygous knock-out mice. In the MEFs and PS1(+/-) brains, copper chaperone of SOD1 (CCS) levels were decreased. Zinc-dependent alkaline phosphatase activity was not decreased in the PS null MEFs. These data indicate that presenilins are important for cellular copper and zinc turnover, influencing SOD1 activity, and having the potential to indirectly impact β-amyloid aggregation through metal ion clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A. Greenough
- From the Mental Health Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia, and
- the Departments of Genetics and
| | - Irene Volitakis
- From the Mental Health Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia, and
- Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Qiao-Xin Li
- Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Katrina Laughton
- Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Genevieve Evin
- Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Michael Ho
- Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Andrew H. Dalziel
- From the Mental Health Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia, and
- the Departments of Genetics and
| | | | - Ashley I. Bush
- From the Mental Health Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia, and
- Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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4
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Acevedo KM, Hung YH, Dalziel AH, Li QX, Laughton K, Wikhe K, Rembach A, Roberts B, Masters CL, Bush AI, Camakaris J. Copper promotes the trafficking of the amyloid precursor protein. J Biol Chem 2010; 286:8252-8262. [PMID: 21177866 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.128512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of the amyloid β peptide in the cortical and hippocampal regions of the brain is a major pathological feature of Alzheimer disease. Amyloid β peptide is generated from the sequential protease cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). We reported previously that copper increases the level of APP at the cell surface. Here we report that copper, but not iron or zinc, promotes APP trafficking in cultured polarized epithelial cells and neuronal cells. In SH-SY5Y neuronal cells and primary cortical neurons, copper promoted a redistribution of APP from a perinuclear localization to a wider distribution, including neurites. Importantly, a change in APP localization was not attributed to an up-regulation of APP protein synthesis. Using live cell imaging and endocytosis assays, we found that copper promotes an increase in cell surface APP by increasing its exocytosis and reducing its endocytosis, respectively. This study identifies a novel mechanism by which copper regulates the localization and presumably the function of APP, which is of major significance for understanding the role of APP in copper homeostasis and the role of copper in Alzheimer disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ya Hui Hung
- the Centre for Neuroscience, and; the Mental Health Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia and
| | | | - Qiao-Xin Li
- the Mental Health Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia and; the Department of Pathology
| | - Katrina Laughton
- the Mental Health Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia and; the Department of Pathology
| | - Krutika Wikhe
- the Mental Health Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia and
| | - Alan Rembach
- the Mental Health Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia and; Commonwealth Scientific and Research Organization (CSIRO) Molecular and Health Technologies, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Blaine Roberts
- the Mental Health Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia and
| | - Colin L Masters
- the Centre for Neuroscience, and; the Mental Health Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia and
| | - Ashley I Bush
- the Mental Health Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia and
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5
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Lui JK, Laws SM, Li QX, Villemagne VL, Ames D, Brown B, Bush AI, De Ruyck K, Dromey J, Ellis KA, Faux NG, Foster J, Fowler C, Gupta V, Hudson P, Laughton K, Masters CL, Pertile K, Rembach A, Rimajova M, Rodrigues M, Rowe CC, Rumble R, Szoeke C, Taddei K, Taddei T, Trounson B, Ward V, Martins RN, AIBL Research Group. Plasma amyloid-beta as a biomarker in Alzheimer's disease: the AIBL study of aging. J Alzheimers Dis 2010; 20:1233-42. [PMID: 20413897 DOI: 10.3233/jad-2010-090249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid-beta (Abeta) plays a central role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and has been postulated as a potential biomarker for AD. However, there is a lack of consensus as to its suitability as an AD biomarker. The objective of this study was to determine the significance of plasma Abeta as an AD biomarker and its relationship with Abeta load and to determine the effect of different assay methods on the interpretation of Abeta levels. Plasma Abeta1-40, Abeta1-42, and N-terminal cleaved fragments were measured using both a commercial multiplex assay and a well-documented ELISA in 1032 individuals drawn from the well-characterized Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) study of aging. Further, Abeta levels were compared to Abeta load derived from positron-emission tomography (PET) with the Pittsburgh compound B (PiB). Lower Abeta1-42 and Abeta1-42/1-40 ratio were observed in patients with AD and inversely correlated with PiB-PET derived Abeta load. However, assay methodology significantly impacted the interpretation of data. The cross-sectional analysis of plasma Abeta isoforms suggests that they may not be sufficient per se to diagnose AD. The value of their measurement in prognosis and monitoring of AD interventions needs further study, in addition to future longitudinal comparisons together with other predictors, which will determine whether plasma Abeta has diagnostic value in a panel of biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- James K Lui
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research & Care, School of Exercise Biomedical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
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6
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George J, Wilkins S, Critch N, Gunawan L, Cortes M, Liu X, Laughton K, Nurjono M, Volitakis I, Huggins P, Parsons J, McNaughton M, Adlard P, Masters C, Cappai R, Barnham K, Gautier E, Bush A, Cherny R, Finkelstein D. P1.050 Novel neuroprotective agents for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1353-8020(09)70172-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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7
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Evered L, Silbert B, Scott D, Maruff P, Laughton K, Volitakis I, Cowie T, Cherny R, Masters C, Li Q. Plasma amyloid β
42
and amyloid β
40
levels are associated with early cognitive dysfunction after cardiac surgery. Alzheimers Dement 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2009.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Evered
- St Vincent's HospitalMelbourneVICAustralia
- University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
| | - B. Silbert
- St Vincent's HospitalMelbourneVICAustralia
- University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
| | - D. Scott
- St Vincent's HospitalMelbourneVICAustralia
- University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
| | - P. Maruff
- University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
| | - K. Laughton
- University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
| | | | - T. Cowie
- University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
| | - R. Cherny
- University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
| | - C. Masters
- University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
| | - Q. Li
- University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
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8
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Crouch PJ, Tew DJ, Du T, Nguyen DN, Caragounis A, Filiz G, Blake RE, Trounce IA, Soon CPW, Laughton K, Perez KA, Li QX, Cherny RA, Masters CL, Barnham KJ, White AR. Restored degradation of the Alzheimer’s amyloid-β peptide by targeting amyloid formation. J Neurochem 2009; 108:1198-207. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.05870.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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9
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Crouch PJ, Hung LW, Adlard PA, Cortes M, Lal V, Filiz G, Perez KA, Nurjono M, Caragounis A, Du T, Laughton K, Volitakis I, Bush AI, Li QX, Masters CL, Cappai R, Cherny RA, Donnelly PS, White AR, Barnham KJ. Increasing Cu bioavailability inhibits Abeta oligomers and tau phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009; 106:381-6. [PMID: 19122148 PMCID: PMC2626711 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0809057106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD) involves pathological accumulation of synaptotoxic amyloid-beta (Abeta) oligomers and hyperphosphorylated tau. Because recent evidence indicates that glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta) activity regulates these neurotoxic pathways, we developed an AD therapeutic strategy to target GSK3beta. The strategy involves the use of copper-bis(thiosemicarbazonoto) complexes to increase intracellular copper bioavailability and inhibit GSK3beta through activation of an Akt signaling pathway. Our lead compound Cu(II)(gtsm) significantly inhibited GSK3beta in the brains of APP/PS1 transgenic AD model mice. Cu(II)(gtsm) also decreased the abundance of Abeta trimers and phosphorylated tau, and restored performance of AD mice in the Y-maze test to levels expected for cognitively normal animals. Improvement in the Y-maze correlated directly with decreased Abeta trimer levels. This study demonstrates that increasing intracellular copper bioavailability can restore cognitive function by inhibiting the accumulation of neurotoxic Abeta trimers and phosphorylated tau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Crouch
- Department of Pathology
- Centre for Neuroscience
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Lin Wai Hung
- Department of Pathology
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victorial, 3010, Australia; and
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Paul A. Adlard
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Mikhalina Cortes
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Varsha Lal
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Gulay Filiz
- Department of Pathology
- Centre for Neuroscience
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Keyla A. Perez
- Department of Pathology
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victorial, 3010, Australia; and
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Milawaty Nurjono
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Aphrodite Caragounis
- Department of Pathology
- Centre for Neuroscience
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Tai Du
- Department of Pathology
- Centre for Neuroscience
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Katrina Laughton
- Department of Pathology
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Irene Volitakis
- Department of Pathology
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Ashley I. Bush
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Qiao-Xin Li
- Department of Pathology
- Centre for Neuroscience
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Colin L. Masters
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Roberto Cappai
- Department of Pathology
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victorial, 3010, Australia; and
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Robert A. Cherny
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Paul S. Donnelly
- School of Chemistry, and
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victorial, 3010, Australia; and
| | - Anthony R. White
- Department of Pathology
- Centre for Neuroscience
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Kevin J. Barnham
- Department of Pathology
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victorial, 3010, Australia; and
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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10
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Adlard PA, Cherny RA, Finkelstein DI, Gautier E, Robb E, Cortes M, Volitakis I, Liu X, Smith JP, Perez K, Laughton K, Li QX, Charman SA, Nicolazzo JA, Wilkins S, Deleva K, Lynch T, Kok G, Ritchie CW, Tanzi RE, Cappai R, Masters CL, Barnham KJ, Bush AI. Rapid restoration of cognition in Alzheimer's transgenic mice with 8-hydroxy quinoline analogs is associated with decreased interstitial Abeta. Neuron 2008; 59:43-55. [PMID: 18614028 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2008.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 508] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2007] [Revised: 05/13/2008] [Accepted: 06/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
As a disease-modifying approach for Alzheimer's disease (AD), clioquinol (CQ) targets beta-amyloid (Abeta) reactions with synaptic Zn and Cu yet promotes metal uptake. Here we characterize the second-generation 8-hydroxy quinoline analog PBT2, which also targets metal-induced aggregation of Abeta, but is more effective as a Zn/Cu ionophore and has greater blood-brain barrier permeability. Given orally to two types of amyloid-bearing transgenic mouse models of AD, PBT2 outperformed CQ by markedly decreasing soluble interstitial brain Abeta within hours and improving cognitive performance to exceed that of normal littermate controls within days. Nontransgenic mice were unaffected by PBT2. The current data demonstrate that ionophore activity, inhibition of in vitro metal-mediated Abeta reactions, and blood-brain barrier permeability are indices that predict a potential disease-modifying drug for AD. The speed of recovery of the animals underscores the acutely reversible nature of the cognitive deficits associated with transgenic models of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Adlard
- Oxidation Biology Laboratory, The Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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11
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Evin G, Ho M, Ilaya NT, Hoke DE, Laughton K, Li QX, Masters CL, Culvenor JG. P4‐206: Identification of gamma‐secretase activities with distinct pharmacological properties. Alzheimers Dement 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2008.05.2274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve Evin
- The University of MelbourneParkville 3010Australia
- Mental Health Research Institute of VictoriaParkville 3052Australia
| | - Michael Ho
- The University of MelbourneParkville 3010Australia
| | | | | | | | - Qiao-Xin Li
- The University of MelbourneParkville 3010Australia
| | - Colin L. Masters
- Mental Health Research Institute of VictoriaParkville 3052Australia
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12
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Cherny RA, Adlard PA, Finkelstein DI, Gautier E, Huggins P, Parsons J, Ritchie CW, Robb E, Cortes M, Volitakis I, Liu X, Smith JP, Perez K, Laughton K, Li QX, Charman SA, Nicolazzo JA, Wilkins S, Deleva K, Kok G, Cappai R, Tanzi RE, Masters CL, Barnham KJ, Bush AI. O3‐05–04: The 8‐hydroxyquinoline analog PBT2 rapidly restores cognition and reduces soluble Abeta in Alzheimer transgenic mice. Alzheimers Dement 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2008.05.444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert A. Cherny
- The Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria & The University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Keyla Perez
- The University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
| | | | - Qiao-Xin Li
- The University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
| | | | | | | | | | - Gaik Kok
- Prana Biotechnology LtdParkvilleAustralia
| | - Roberto Cappai
- Bio 21 Institute, The University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
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13
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Barnham KJ, Crouch PJ, Filiz G, Cherny RA, Laughton K, Volitakis I, Bush AI, Masters CL, Cappai R, White AR. P2‐292: Second generation MPAC PBT2 inhibits tau phosphorylation and promotes Aβ degradation. Alzheimers Dement 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2008.05.1368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gulay Filiz
- The University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
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14
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Melov S, Adlard PA, Morten K, Johnson F, Golden TR, Hinerfeld D, Schilling B, Mavros C, Masters CL, Volitakis I, Li QX, Laughton K, Hubbard A, Cherny RA, Gibson B, Bush AI. Mitochondrial oxidative stress causes hyperphosphorylation of tau. PLoS One 2007; 2:e536. [PMID: 17579710 PMCID: PMC1888726 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2007] [Accepted: 05/16/2007] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related neurodegenerative disease has been mechanistically linked with mitochondrial dysfunction via damage from reactive oxygen species produced within the cell. We determined whether increased mitochondrial oxidative stress could modulate or regulate two of the key neurochemical hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD): tau phosphorylation, and beta-amyloid deposition. Mice lacking superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) die within the first week of life, and develop a complex heterogeneous phenotype arising from mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Treatment of these mice with catalytic antioxidants increases their lifespan and rescues the peripheral phenotypes, while uncovering central nervous system pathology. We examined sod2 null mice differentially treated with high and low doses of a catalytic antioxidant and observed striking elevations in the levels of tau phosphorylation (at Ser-396 and other phospho-epitopes of tau) in the low-dose antioxidant treated mice at AD-associated residues. This hyperphosphorylation of tau was prevented with an increased dose of the antioxidant, previously reported to be sufficient to prevent neuropathology. We then genetically combined a well-characterized mouse model of AD (Tg2576) with heterozygous sod2 knockout mice to study the interactions between mitochondrial oxidative stress and cerebral Ass load. We found that mitochondrial SOD2 deficiency exacerbates amyloid burden and significantly reduces metal levels in the brain, while increasing levels of Ser-396 phosphorylated tau. These findings mechanistically link mitochondrial oxidative stress with the pathological features of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Melov
- Buck Institute for Age Research, Novato, California, United States of America
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: (SM); (AIB)
| | - Paul A. Adlard
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, and Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Karl Morten
- Buck Institute for Age Research, Novato, California, United States of America
| | - Felicity Johnson
- Buck Institute for Age Research, Novato, California, United States of America
| | - Tamara R. Golden
- Buck Institute for Age Research, Novato, California, United States of America
| | - Doug Hinerfeld
- Buck Institute for Age Research, Novato, California, United States of America
| | - Birgit Schilling
- Buck Institute for Age Research, Novato, California, United States of America
| | - Christine Mavros
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, and Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Colin L. Masters
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, and Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Irene Volitakis
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, and Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Qiao-Xin Li
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, and Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katrina Laughton
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, and Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alan Hubbard
- School of Public Health, EHS/Biostatistics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Robert A. Cherny
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, and Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brad Gibson
- Buck Institute for Age Research, Novato, California, United States of America
| | - Ashley I. Bush
- Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, and Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: (SM); (AIB)
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Monty JF, Adlard PA, Volitakis I, Cortes M, Li QX, Laughton K, McLean C, Masters CL, Cherny R, Villemagne VL, Bush AI. P1–384: Association of AD neuropathological hallmarks with biological metals. Alzheimers Dement 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2006.05.762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Irene Volitakis
- Mental Health Research InstituteParkvilleAustralia
- Department of PathologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
| | | | - Qiao-Xin Li
- Department of PathologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
| | - Katrina Laughton
- Department of PathologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
| | - Catriona McLean
- Department of PathologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
| | - Colin L. Masters
- Mental Health Research InstituteParkvilleAustralia
- Department of PathologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
| | | | | | - Ashley I. Bush
- Mental Health Research Institute and Department of PathologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
- Genetics & Aging Research UnitMassachusetts General HospitalCharlestownMAUSA
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Scott AM, Geleick D, Rubira M, Clarke K, Nice EC, Smyth FE, Stockert E, Richards EC, Carr FJ, Harris WJ, Armour KL, Rood J, Kypridis A, Kronina V, Murphy R, Lee FT, Liu Z, Kitamura K, Ritter G, Laughton K, Hoffman E, Burgess AW, Old LJ. Construction, production, and characterization of humanized anti-Lewis Y monoclonal antibody 3S193 for targeted immunotherapy of solid tumors. Cancer Res 2000; 60:3254-61. [PMID: 10866319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
The Lewis Y (Ley) antigen is a blood group-related antigen that is expressed in a high proportion of epithelial cancers (including breast, colon, ovary, and lung cancer) and is an attractive target for monoclonal antibody-directed therapy. The murine monoclonal 3S193 (IgG3) was generated in BALB/c mice by immunization with Ley-expressing cells of the MCF-7 breast carcinoma cell-line. The murine 3S193 showed high specificity for Ley in ELISA tests with synthetic Ley and Ley-containing glycoproteins and glycolipids and also reacted strongly in rosetting assays and cytotoxic tests with Ley-expressing cells. We generated a humanized form of the murine 3S193 antibody by linking cDNA sequences encoding the variable region of murine 3S913 with frameworks of the human KOL heavy chain and REI K chain. The genes for the humanized 3S193 monoclonal antibody IgG1 were transfected into mouse myeloma NS0 cells and cloned for the establishment of high antibody-producing colonies. Humanized 3S193 antibody was subsequently produced through in vitro culture and under good manufacturing practice conditions using hollow-fiber bioreactors. The purified humanized 3S193 (hu3S193) was subsequently characterized and validated for use in preliminary immunotherapy investigations. hu3S193 reacted specifically with Ley antigen, with similar avidity to the murine form. hu3S193 demonstrated potent immune effector function, with higher antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity than its murine counterpart and potent complement-dependent cytotoxicity (ED50, 1.0 microg/ml). The in vivo immunotherapeutic potential of hu3S193 was assessed in a human breast xenograft model using MCF-7, Ley-positive cells. Six i.v. doses of up to 1 mg of hu3S193 were administered to animals bearing established tumors (120-130 mm3) with no significant effect on tumor growth. In contrast, in an MCF-7 xenograft preventive model, a 1-mg hu3S193 dosage schedule was able to significantly slow tumor growth compared with placebo and isotype-matched control IgG1 antibody. hu3S193 has promise for immunotherapy of Ley-positive tumors and is currently entering Phase I clinical trials.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/chemistry
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Biosensing Techniques
- Breast Neoplasms/therapy
- Cloning, Molecular
- DNA, Complementary/metabolism
- Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Humans
- Hybridomas/immunology
- Kinetics
- Lewis Blood Group Antigens/immunology
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/therapy
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Neoplasms/therapy
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Time Factors
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Scott
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Melbourne Tumour Biology Branch, Victoria, Australia
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