1
|
Lee PY, Sitorus MA, Kuo CH, Tsai BCK, Kuo WW, Lin KH, Lu SY, Lin YM, Ho TJ, Huang CY. Platycodi radix aqueous extract salvages doxorubicin-induced senescence by mitochondrial reactive oxygen species reduction in umbilical cord matrix stem cells. Environ Toxicol 2024. [PMID: 38558324 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Platycodi radix is a widely used herbal medicine that contains numerous phytochemicals beneficial to health. The health and biological benefits of P. radix have been found across various diseases. The utilization of umbilical cord stromal stem cells, derived from Wharton's jelly of the human umbilical cord, has emerged as a promising approach for treating degenerative diseases. Nevertheless, growing evidence indicates that the function of stem cells declines with age, thereby limiting their regenerative capacity. The primary objective in this study is to investigate the beneficial effects of P. radix in senescent stem cells. We conducted experiments to showcase that diminished levels of Lamin B1 and Sox-2, along with an elevation in p21, which serve as indicative markers for the senescent stem cells. Our findings revealed the loss of Lamin B1 and Sox-2, coupled with an increase in p21, in umbilical cord stromal stem cells subjected to a low-dose (0.1 μM) doxorubicin (Dox) stimulation. However, P. radix restored the Dox-damage in the umbilical cord stromal stem cells. P. radix reversed the senescent conditions when the umbilical cord stromal stem cells exposed to Dox-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential are significantly changed. In Dox-challenged aged umbilical cord stromal stem cells, P. radix reduced senescence, increased longevity, prevented mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS and protected against senescence-associated apoptosis. This study suggests that P. radix might be as a therapeutic and rescue agent for the aging effect in stem cells. Inhibition of cell death, mitochondrial dysfunction and aging-associated ROS with P. radix provides additional insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Ying Lee
- Holistic Education Center, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Maria Angelina Sitorus
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Department of Sports Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Bruce Chi-Kang Tsai
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ho Lin
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Yeh Lu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lin KH, Ng SC, Lu SY, Lin YM, Lin SH, Su TC, Huang CY, Kuo WW. Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) protects cardiac cells against advanced glycation end-product-induced apoptosis by enhancing FoxO3A-dependent upregulation of miRNA-210. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 125:109567. [PMID: 38185348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a common complication of diabetes, resulting in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure associated with excessive reactive oxygen species and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis generation. Mitogen-activated protein kinase-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (MAPK-JNK), regulated by microRNA (miR)-210, affects mitochondrial function and is activated by advanced glycation end-products (AGE) in cardiac cells. Diallyl trisulfide (DATS), an antioxidant in garlic oil, inhibits stress-induced cardiac apoptosis. This study examined whether DATS enhances miR-210 expression to attenuate cardiac apoptosis. We investigated the DATS-mediated attenuation mechanism of AGE-enhanced cardiac apoptosis by modulating miR-210 and its upstream transcriptional regulator, FoxO3a. We found FoxO3a binding sites in the miR-210 promoter region. Our results indicated that DATS treatment inhibited AGE-induced JNK activation, phosphoprotein c-Jun nuclear transactivation, and cardiac apoptosis and reversed the AGE-induced reduction in cardiac miR-210 levels. The luciferase activity after DATS treatment was significantly lower than that of the control and was reversed following AGE treatment. We also showed that FoxO3a, upregulated by DATS treatment, may bind to the miR-210 promoter to enhance its expression and downregulates JNK expression to attenuate AGE-induced cardiac apoptosis. Oral administration of DATS enhanced FoxO3a expression in the heart and reduced diabetes-induced heart apoptosis. Our findings indicate that DATS mediates AGE-induced cardiac cell apoptosis attenuation by promoting FoxO3a nuclear transactivation to enhance miR-210 expression and regulate JNK activation. Our results suggest that DATS can be used as a cardioprotective agent, and miR-210 is a critical regulator in inhibiting diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Ho Lin
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | - Shang-Chuan Ng
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | - Shang-Yeh Lu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan ROC; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | - Shu-Hui Lin
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan ROC; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | - Tzu-Cheng Su
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan ROC; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan ROC; Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan ROC; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; Program for Biotechnology Industry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Huang TL, Chang YC, Tsai BCK, Chen TS, Kao SW, Tsai YY, Lin SZ, Yao CH, Lin KH, Kuo WW, Huang CY. Anethole mitigates H 2 O 2 -induced inflammation in HIG-82 synoviocytes by suppressing the aquaporin 1 expression and activating the protein kinase A pathway. Environ Toxicol 2024; 39:965-978. [PMID: 37987213 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease affecting approximately 1% of the global population, with a higher prevalence in women than in men. Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of RA. Anethole, a prominent compound derived from fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), possesses a spectrum of therapeutic properties, including anti-arthritic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and tumor-suppressive effects. However, its specific impact on RA remains underexplored. This study sought to uncover the potential therapeutic value of anethole in treating RA by employing an H2 O2 -induced inflammation model with HIG-82 synovial cells. Our results demonstrated that exposure to H2 O2 induced the inflammation and apoptosis in these cells. Remarkably, anethole treatment effectively countered these inflammatory and apoptotic processes triggered by H2 O2 . Moreover, we identified the aquaporin 1 (AQP1) and protein kinase A (PKA) pathway as critical regulators of inflammation and apoptosis. H2 O2 stimulation led to an increase in the AQP1 expression and a decrease in p-PKA-C, contributing to cartilage degradation. Conversely, anethole not only downregulated the AQP1 expression but also activated the PKA pathway, effectively suppressing cell inflammation and apoptosis. Furthermore, anethole also inhibited the enzymes responsible for cartilage degradation. In summary, our findings highlight the potential of anethole as a therapeutic agent for mitigating H2 O2 -induced inflammation and apoptosis in synovial cells, offering promising prospects for future RA treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Lung Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Chung-Kang Branch, Cheng Ching General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Chang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Bruce Chi-Kang Tsai
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Sheng Chen
- School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wen Kao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Yun Tsai
- Department of Physical Therapy, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsu Yao
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Biomaterials Translational Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ho Lin
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lin KH, Ramesh S, Agarwal S, Kuo WW, Kuo CH, Chen MYC, Lin YM, Ho TJ, Huang PC, Huang CY. Fisetin attenuates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by inhibiting the insulin-like growth factor II receptor apoptotic pathway through estrogen receptor-α/-β activation. Phytother Res 2023; 37:3964-3981. [PMID: 37186468 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX), an effective chemotherapeutic drug, has been used to treat various cancers; however, its cardiotoxic side effects restrict its therapeutic efficacy. Fisetin, a flavonoid phytoestrogen derived from a range of fruits and vegetables, has been reported to exert cardioprotective effects against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated fisetin's cardioprotective role and mechanism against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts and ovariectomized (OVX) rat models. MTT assay revealed that fisetin treatment noticeably rescued DOX-induced cell death in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, western blotting and TUNEL-DAPI staining showed that fisetin significantly attenuated DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting the insulin-like growth factor II receptor (IGF-IIR) apoptotic pathway through estrogen receptor (ER)-α/-β activation. The echocardiography, biochemical assay, and H&E staining results demonstrated that fisetin reduced DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by alleviating cardiac dysfunction, myocardial injury, oxidative stress, and histopathological damage. These findings imply that fisetin has a significant therapeutic potential against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Ho Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Samiraj Ramesh
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Research and Innovation, Institute of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering (SSE), Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, India
| | - Sakshi Agarwal
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Michael Yu-Chih Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Medical Technology, Jen-The Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chen Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lu SY, Tsai BCK, Van Thao D, Lai CH, Chen MYC, Kuo WW, Kuo CH, Lin KH, Hsieh DJY, Huang CY. Cardiac-specific overexpression of insulin-like growth factor II receptor-α interferes with the regulation of calcium homeostasis in the heart under hyperglycemic conditions. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:4329-4338. [PMID: 36928640 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08327-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a progressive disease caused by inexplicit mechanisms, and a novel factor, insulin-like growth factor II receptor-α (IGF-IIRα), may contribute to aggravating its pathogenesis. We hypothesized that IGF-IIRα could intensify diabetic heart injury. METHODS AND RESULTS To demonstrate the potential role of IGF-IIRα in the diabetic heart, we used (SD-TG [IGF-IIRα]) transgenic rat model with cardiac-specific overexpression of IGF-IIRα, along with H9c2 cells, to study the effects of IGF-IIRα in the heart under hyperglycemic conditions. IGF-IIRα was found to remodel calcium homeostasis and intracellular Ca2+ overload-induced autophagy disturbance in the heart during diabetes. IGF-IIRα overexpression induced intracellular Ca2+ alteration by downregulating phosphorylated phospholamban/sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium-ATPase 2a (PLB/SERCA2a), resulting in the suppression of Ca2+ uptake into the endoplasmic reticulum. Additionally, IGF-IIRα itself contributed to Ca2+ withdrawal from the endoplasmic reticulum by increasing the expression of CaMKIIδ in the active form. Furthermore, alterations in Ca2+ homeostasis significantly dysregulated autophagy in the heart during diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals the novel role of IGF-IIRα in regulating cardiac intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and its related autophagy interference, which contribute to the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. In future, the present study findings have implications in the development of appropriate therapy to reduce diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Yeh Lu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Bruce Chi-Kang Tsai
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Dao Van Thao
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Hu Lai
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taichung Armed Force General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Science, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA
| | - Kuan-Ho Lin
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Dennis Jine-Yuan Hsieh
- School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan.
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lai CH, Van Thao D, Tsai BCK, Hsieh DJY, Chen MYC, Kuo WW, Kuo CH, Lu SY, Liao SC, Lin KH, Huang CY. Insulin-like growth factor II receptor alpha overexpression in heart aggravates hyperglycemia-induced cardiac inflammation and myocardial necrosis. Environ Toxicol 2023; 38:676-684. [PMID: 36462176 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes-induced cardiovascular complications are mainly associated with high morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes. Insulin-like growth factor II receptor α (IGF-IIRα) is a cardiac risk factor. In this study, we hypothesized IGF-IIRα could also deteriorate diabetic heart injury. The results presented that both in vivo transgenic Sprague-Dawley rat model with specific IGF-IIRα overexpression in the heart and in vitro myocardium H9c2 cells were used to investigate the negative function of IGF-IIRα in diabetic hearts. The results showed that IGF-IIRα overexpression aided hyperglycemia in creating more myocardial injury. Pro-inflammatory factors, such as Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, Interleukin-6, Cyclooxygenase-2, Inducible nitric oxide synthase, and Nuclear factor-kappaB inflammatory cascade, are enhanced in the diabetic myocardium with cardiac-specific IGF-IIRα overexpression. Correspondingly, IGF-IIRα overexpression in the diabetic myocardium also reduced the PI3K-AKT survival axis and activated mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis. Finally, both ejection fraction and fractional shortening were be significantly decrease in diabetic rats with cardiac-specific IGF-IIRα overexpression. Overall, all results provid clear evidence that IGF-IIRα can enhance cardiac damage and is a harmful factor to the heart under high-blood glucose conditions. However, the pathophysiology of IGF-IIRα under different stresses and its downstream regulation in the heart still require further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Hu Lai
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taichung Armed Force General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center of General Education is division, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Dao Van Thao
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Bruce Chi-Kang Tsai
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Dennis Jine-Yuan Hsieh
- School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Michael Yu-Chih Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Science, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Shang-Yeh Lu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chieh Liao
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ho Lin
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lin KH, Ali A, Kuo CH, Yang PC, Kumar VB, Padma VV, Lo JF, Huang CY, Kuo WW. Carboxyl terminus of HSP70-interacting protein attenuates advanced glycation end products-induced cardiac injuries by promoting NFκB proteasomal degradation. J Cell Physiol 2021; 237:1888-1901. [PMID: 34958118 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which are highly reactive molecules resulting from persistent high-glucose levels, can lead to the generation of oxidative stress and cardiac complications. The carboxyl terminus of HSP70 interacting protein (CHIP) has been demonstrated to have a protective role in several diseases, including cardiac complications; however, the role in preventing AGE-induced cardiac damages remains poorly understood. Here, we found that elevated AGE levels impaired cardiac CHIP expression in streptozotocin-induced diabetes and high-fat diet-administered animals, representing AGE exposure models. We used the TUNEL assay, hematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome staining, and western blotting to prove that cardiac injuries were induced in diabetic animals and AGE-treated cardiac cells. Interestingly, our results collectively indicated that CHIP overexpression significantly rescued the AGE-induced cardiac injuries and promoted cell survival. Moreover, CHIP knockdown-mediated stabilization of nuclear factor κB (NFκB) was attenuated by overexpressing CHIP in the cells. Furthermore, co-immunoprecipitation and immunoblot assay revealed that CHIP promotes the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of AGE-induced NFκB. Importantly, fluorescence microscopy, a luciferase reporter assay, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, and subcellular fractionation further demonstrated that CHIP overexpression inhibits AGE-induced NFκB nuclear translocation, reduced its binding ability with the promoter sequences of the receptor of AGE, consequently inhibiting the translocation of the receptor AGE to the cell membrane for its proper function. Overall, our current study findings suggest that CHIP can target NFκB for ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation, and thereby potentially rescue AGE-induced cardiac damages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Ho Lin
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ayaz Ali
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Department of Sports Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chen Yang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Jeng-Fan Lo
- Department of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Oral Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Genome Research Centre, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cancer Progression Centre of Excellence, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.,Centre of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lin KH, Wei YM, Liu CH, Liu JS, Huang IC, Viswanadha VP, Huang CY, Kuo WW. Diallyl Trisulfide Suppresses High-Glucose-Induced Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis by Targeting Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α/Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 Activation. J Agric Food Chem 2021; 69:11696-11708. [PMID: 34558885 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
It has been reported that 80% of diabetic patients die due to cardiovascular diseases. We previously demonstrated that activated hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1 α)/insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) signaling by reactive oxygen species (ROS)-regulated prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing protein (PHD) is involved in high-glucose (HG)-induced cardiac apoptosis. Diallyl trisulfide (DATS), a garlic component, shows the strongest inhibitory effect on diabetic cardiomyopathy. In this study, we investigated whether HIF-1α/IGFBP-3 signaling governs the antiapoptotic effect by DATS on HG-exposed cardiomyocytes. It was observed that significantly increased levels of cell apoptosis and decreased Akt phosphorylation were reversed by DATS in HG-exposed cardiac cells. H2O2 and PHD small interfering RNA treatments increased HIF-1α and IGFBP-3 protein levels, which were decreased by DATS treatment. Overexpression of HIF-1α and IGFBP-3 increased HG-induced cell apoptosis, which was suppressed by DATS. The coimmunoprecipitation assay results showed that DATS not only increased the IGF-1 level and reduced IGFBP-3 level but also suppressed their extracellular association for cardiac cells exposed to HG. Experiments using neonatal cardiomyocytes and hearts showed similar results. These findings indicate that the effect of ROS-regulated PHD on the activation of HIF-1α/IGFBP-3 signaling governs the antiapoptotic effect by DATS on HG-exposed cardiomyocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Ho Lin
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Min Wei
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, 100, Sec. 1, Jingmao Road, Beitun District, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hung Liu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, 100, Sec. 1, Jingmao Road, Beitun District, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Sheng Liu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, 100, Sec. 1, Jingmao Road, Beitun District, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- China Medical University, Thoracic Department, Beigang Hospital, Yunlin 651, Taiwan
| | - I-Chieh Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, 100, Sec. 1, Jingmao Road, Beitun District, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | | | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, 100, Sec. 1, Jingmao Road, Beitun District, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lin KH, Ng SC, Paul CR, Chen HC, Zeng RY, Liu JS, Padma VV, Huang CY, Kuo WW. MicroRNA-210 repression facilitates advanced glycation end-product (AGE)-induced cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis via JNK activation. J Cell Biochem 2021; 122:1873-1885. [PMID: 34545968 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia results in the formation of reactive oxygen species which in turn causes advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formation, leading to diabetic cardiomyopathy. Our previous study showed that AGE-induced reactive oxygen species-dependent apoptosis is mediated via protein kinase C delta (PKCδ)-enhanced mitochondrial damage in cardiomyocytes. By using microRNA (miRNA) database, miRNA-210 was predicted to target c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), which were previously identified as downstream of PKCδ in regulating mitochondrial function. Therefore, we hypothesized that miR-210 mediates PKCδ-dependent upregulation of JNK to cause cardiac mitochondrial damage and apoptosis following AGE exposure. AGE-exposed cells showed activated cardiac JNK, PKCδ, and apoptosis, which were reversed by treatment with a JNK inhibitor and PKCδ-KD (deficient kinase). Cardiac miR-210 and mitochondrial function were downregulated following AGE exposure. Furthermore, JNK was upregulated and involved in AGE-induced mitochondrial damage. Interestingly, luciferase activity of the miR-210 mimic plus JNK WT-3'-untranslated region overexpressed group was significantly lower than that of miR-210 mimic plus JNK MT-3'UTR group, indicating that JNK is a target of miR-210. Moreover, JNK activation induced by AGEs was reduced by treatment with the miR-210 mimic and reversed by treatment with the miR-210 inhibitor, indicating the regulatory function of miR-210 in JNK activation following AGE exposure. Additionally, JNK-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis were reversed following treatment with the miR-210 mimic, while the miR-210 inhibitor showed no effect on JNK-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in AGE-exposed cardiac cells. Taken together, our study showed that PKCδ-enhanced JNK-dependent mitochondrial damage is mediated through the reduction of miR-210 in cardiomyocytes following AGE exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Ho Lin
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shang-Chuan Ng
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.,PhD Program for Biotechnology Industry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Catherine R Paul
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hong-Chen Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ren-You Zeng
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.,PhD Program for Biotechnology Industry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jian-Sheng Liu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Thoracic, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Viswanadha V Padma
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Biotechnology, Translational Research Laboratory, School of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.,PhD Program for Biotechnology Industry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lin KH, Kumar VB, Shanmugam T, Shibu MA, Chen RJ, Kuo CH, Ho TJ, Padma VV, Yeh YL, Huang CY. miR-145-5p targets paxillin to attenuate angiotensin II-induced pathological cardiac hypertrophy via downregulation of Rac 1, pJNK, p-c-Jun, NFATc3, ANP and by Sirt-1 upregulation. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:3253-3260. [PMID: 33886061 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04100-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is associated with many diseases including hypertension. Recent studies have identified important roles for microRNAs (miRNAs) in many cardiac pathophysiological processes, including the regulation of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. However, the role of miR-145-5p in the cardiac setting is still unclear. In this study, H9C2 cells were overexpressed with microRNA-145-5p, and then treated with Ang-II for 24 h, to study the effect of miR-145-5p on Ang-II-induced myocardial hypertrophy in vitro. Results showed that Ang-II treatment down-regulated miR-145-5p expression were revered after miR-145-5p overexpression. Based on results of bioinformatics algorithms, paxillin was predicted as a candidate target gene of miR-145-5p, luciferase activity assay revealed that the luciferase activity of cells was substantial downregulated the following co-transfection with wild paxillin 3'UTR and miR-145-5p compared to that in scramble control, while the inhibitory effect of miR-145-5p was abolished after transfection of mutant paxillin 3'UTR. Additionally, overexpression of miR-145-5p markedly inhibited activation of Rac-1/ JNK /c-jun/ NFATc3 and ANP expression and induced SIRT1 expression in Ang-II treated H9c2 cells. Jointly, our study suggested that miR-145-5p inhibited cardiac hypertrophy by targeting paxillin and through modulating Rac-1/ JNK /c-jun/ NFATc3/ ANP / Sirt1 signaling, therefore proving novel downstream molecular pathway of miR-145-5p in cardiac hypertrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Ho Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - V Bharath Kumar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tamilselvi Shanmugam
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Marthandam Asokan Shibu
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ray-Jade Chen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - V Vijaya Padma
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, India
| | - Yu-Lan Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, 11260, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.
- Center of General Education, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, 970, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lin YM, Badrealam KF, Kuo CH, Daddam J, Asokan Shibu M, Lin KH, Ho TJ, Viswanadha VP, Kuo WW, Huang CY. Small Molecule Compound Nerolidol attenuates Hypertension induced hypertrophy in spontaneously hypertensive rats through modulation of Mel-18-IGF-IIR signalling. Phytomedicine 2021; 84:153450. [PMID: 33611212 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases are caused by multitudes of stress factors like hypertension and their outcomes are associated with high mortality and morbidity worldwide. Nerolidol, a naturally occurring sesquiterpene found in several plant species, embodies various pharmacological benefits against numerous health disorders. However, their effects on hypertension induced cardiac complications are not completely understood. PURPOSE The present study is to elucidate the efficacy of nerolidol against hypertension related cardiac hypertrophy in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). STUDY DESIGN For preliminary in vitro studies, H9c2 cardiomyoblasts cells were challenged with 200 nM Angiotensin-II (AngII) for 12 h and were then treated with nerolidol for 24 h. The hypertrophic effect in H9c2 cells were analyzed by actin staining and the modulations in hypertrophic protein markers and mediators were determined by Western blotting analysis. For in vivo experiments, sixteen week-old male Wistar Kyoto (WKY) and SHRs were segregated into five groups (n = 9): Control WKY, hypertensive SHRs, SHRs with low dose (75 mg/kg b.w/day) nerolidol, SHRs with high dose (150 mg/kg b.w/day) nerolidol and SHR rats treated with an anti-hypertensive drug captopril (50 mg/kg b.w/day). Nerolidol treatment was given orally for 8 weeks and were analysed through Echocardiography. After euthanasia, hematoxylin and eosin staining, Immunohistochemical analysis and Western blotting was performed on left ventricle tissue. RESULTS Western blotting analysis revealed that nerolidol significantly attenuates AngII induced expression of hypertrophic markers ANP and BNP in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. In addition, actin staining further ascertained the potential of nerolidol to ameliorate AngII induced cardiac hypertrophy. Moreover, nerolidol administration suppressed the hypertrophic signalling mediators like calcineurin, GATA4, Mel-18, HSF-2 and IGFIIR in a dose-dependent fashion. In silico studies also ascertained the role of Mel-18 in the ameliorative effects of nerolidol. Further, these intriguing in vitro results were further confirmed in in vivo SHR model. Oral neraolidol in SHRs efficiently reduced blood pressure and ameliorated hypertension induced cardiac hypertrophic effects by effectively reducing the levels of proteins involved in cardiac MeL-18-HSF2-IGF-IIR signalling. CONCLUSION Collectively, the data reveals that the cardioprotective effect of nerolidol against hypertension induced hypertrophy involves reduction in blood pressure and regulation of the cardiac Mel-18-IGFIIR signalling cascade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan; Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei 11260, Taiwan
| | - Khan Farheen Badrealam
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jayasimharayalu Daddam
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Marthandam Asokan Shibu
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ho Lin
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien 97002, Taiwan; Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien 97002, Taiwan; School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | | | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung; Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry, China Medical University, Taichuang 406, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science and Technology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien 970, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chen TS, Liou SY, Lin HH, Hung MY, Lin CC, Lin YM, Lin KH, Padma VV, Yao CH, Kuo WW, Huang CY. Oral administration of green tea Epigallocatechin-3-gallate reduces oxidative stress and enhances restoration of cardiac function in diabetic rats receiving autologous transplantation of adipose-derived stem cells. Arch Physiol Biochem 2021; 127:82-89. [PMID: 31112046 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2019.1614631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardio-dysfunction is one of the complications in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). This paper aimed to investigate if oral administration of green tea Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG, E) and transplantation of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) show cross effects on the treatment of cardiomyopathy in rats with type 1 DM. MATERIALS AND METHODS Wistar male rats were divided into four groups (each group contained 8 animals) including sham, DM (diabetic group), DM + ADSC (DM group with ADSC treatment) and DM + ADSC + E (DM + ADSC group with oral administration of EGCG). RESULTS Pathological parameters including hypertrophy, inflammation, and fibrosis were activated in DM group. By contrast, all parameters were significantly improved in treatment group (DM + ADSC group). In addition, improvement of pathological parameters in DM + ADSC + E was significantly better than DM + ADSC. CONCLUSION We found that EGCG can increase expression of survival marker in ADSC under high glucose environment and reduce serum oxidative stress in DM rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tung-Sheng Chen
- School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Show-Yih Liou
- Formosan Blood Purification Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hung Lin
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Institute, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Yu Hung
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chung Lin
- Orthopaedic Department, Armed Force Taichung General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ho Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - V Vijaya Padma
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Chun-Hsu Yao
- Biomaterials Translational Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Exosomes and Mitochondria's Related-Diseases Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hsu YR, Tsai IJ, Chen WK, Lin KH. Association between the frequency of admission for pneumonia and the incidence of in-hospital cardiac arrest: A population-based case–control study. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1024907920964091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To examine the association between the frequency of admission for pneumonia and the incidence of in-hospital cardiac arrest. Methods: We enrolled 1739 patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest and 6956 randomly selected age- and sex-matched control patients using a longitudinal claims sub-dataset from 1996 to 2011 for 1 million people randomly selected from the population covered by the Taiwan National Health Insurance program. The odds ratio of in-hospital cardiac arrest associated with the number of hospital admissions for pneumonia was calculated. Results: During the 15-year study period, the in-hospital cardiac arrest group had a higher frequency (28.4% vs 8.1%, p < 0.0001) of admission for pneumonia compared to the control group. The comorbidities of heart failure, chronic pulmonary disease, diabetes, renal failure, liver disease, lymphoma, alcohol abuse, and drug abuse were higher in the in-hospital cardiac arrest group than in the control group. In addition, the risk of in-hospital cardiac arrest was 3.37 for the patients admitted for pneumonia, and the risk of in-hospital cardiac arrest increased for patients with multiple admissions for pneumonia (once, 3.03; two times, 3.44; and three times, 4.42). In cross-analysis, the more admissions for pneumonia and the greater the number of comorbidities, the higher the risk of in-hospital cardiac arrest (odds ratio = 21.37, 95% confidence interval = 13.6–33.9 for patients with more than three admissions for pneumonia and more than three comorbidities). Conclusion: Higher admission frequency for pneumonia was associated with a higher risk of in-hospital cardiac arrest. Awareness of this risk factor may help clinicians provide early prevention or detection for patients with potential in-hospital cardiac arrest risks immediately after admission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Rung Hsu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung
| | - I-Ju Tsai
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung
| | - Wei-Kung Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung
| | - Kuan-Ho Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chen HI, Hu WS, Hung MY, Ou HC, Huang SH, Hsu PT, Day CH, Lin KH, Viswanadha VP, Kuo WW, Huang CY. Protective effects of luteolin against oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in endothelial cells. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 30:1032-1043. [PMID: 32402583 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Luteolin is a common flavonoid that is abundantly present in various edible plants, it is known to exhibit beneficial effects on cardiovascular system. However, the mechanisms which underlie the protective effects of luteolin on endothelial cell damage caused by oxidative stress remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis which states that luteolin protects against H2O2-induced oxidative stress via modulating ROS-mediated P38 MAPK/NF-κB and calcium-evoked mitochondrial apoptotic signalling pathways. METHODS AND RESULTS Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were pretreated with luteolin prior to being stimulated by 600 μM H2O2 for another 24 h. The expression of native and phosphorylated-P38, IκB, NF-κB, native eNOS, phosphorylated-eNOS, iNOS and several apoptosis-related proteins were analyzed by Western blot. In addition, intracellular calcium was determined by fura-2 AM and mitochondrial membrane potential was examined by using JC1. Using the data gathered, we found indications that H2O2 induced P38 MAPK/NF-κB activation. H2O2 downregulated the expression of eNOS and upregulated iNOS, which in turn contribute to an elevated NO generation and protein nitrosylation. However, pretreatment with luteolin markedly reversed all of these alterations dose-dependently. Additionally, an intracellular calcium rise and subsequent mitochondrial membrane potential collapse, P53 phosphorylation, reduced BcL-2/Bax ratio in the mitochondrial membrane, release cytochrome c from mitochondria, leading to the subsequent activation of caspase 3 activation by H2O2 were all markedly suppressed in the presence of luteolin. CONCLUSION Results from this study may provide the possible molecular mechanisms underlying cardiovascular protective effects of luteolin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu-I Chen
- Department of Physical Therapy, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Syun Hu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Yu Hung
- Graduate Institute of Biomedicine, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chung Ou
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Su-Hua Huang
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Tzu Hsu
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Kuan-Ho Lin
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Division of Emergency, Department of Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
| | - Vijaya P Viswanadha
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, India
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedicine, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan; Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Diseases Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, 970, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lin KH, Marthandam Asokan S, Kuo WW, Hsieh YL, Lii CK, Viswanadha V, Lin YL, Wang S, Yang C, Huang CY. Andrographolide mitigates cardiac apoptosis to provide cardio-protection in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice. Environ Toxicol 2020; 35:707-713. [PMID: 32023008 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Excessive intake of high fat diet (HFD) and associated obese conditions are critical contributors of cardiac diseases. In this study, an active metabolite andrographolide from Andrographis paniculata was found to ameliorate HFD-induced cardiac apoptosis. C57/BL6 mouse were grouped as control (n = 9), obese (n = 8), low dose (25 mg/kg/d) andrographolide treatment (n = 9), and high dose (50 mg/kg/d) andrographolide treatment (n = 9). The control group was provided with standard laboratory chow and the other groups were fed with HFD. Andrographolide was administered through oral gavage for 1 week. Histopathological analysis showed increase in apoptotic nuclei and considerable cardiac-damages in the obese group signifying cardiac remodeling effects. Further, Western blot results showed increase in pro-apoptotic proteins and decrease in the proteins of IGF-1R-survival signaling. However, feeding of andrographolide significantly reduced the cardiac effects of HFD. The results strongly suggest that andrographolide supplementation can be used for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease in obese patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Ho Lin
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shibu Marthandam Asokan
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondria Related Diseases Research Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - You-Liang Hsieh
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chong-Kuei Lii
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Yi-Lin Lin
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shulin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, China
| | - Caixian Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, China
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondria Related Diseases Research Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lin KH, Li CY, Hsu YM, Tsai CH, Tsai FJ, Tang CH, Yang JS, Wang ZH, Yin MC. Oridonin, A natural diterpenoid, protected NGF-differentiated PC12 cells against MPP +- and kainic acid-induced injury. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 133:110765. [PMID: 31430510 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Oridonin (ORI) is a natural diterpenoid presented in some medicinal plants. The effects of pre-treatments from ORI against MPP+- or kainic acid (KA)-induced damage in nerve growth factor (NGF)-differentiated PC12 cells were investigated. Results showed that pre-treatments of ORI at 0.25-2 μM enhanced the viability and plasma membrane integrity of NGF-differentiated PC12 cells. MPP+ or KA exposure down-regulated Bcl-2 mRNA expression, up-regulated Bax mRNA expression, increased caspase-3 activity and decreased Na+-K+ ATPase activity. ORI pre-treatments at test concentrations reversed these changes. ORI pre-treatments decreased reactive oxygen species production, raised glutathione level, and increased glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and catalase activities in MPP+ or KA treated cells. ORI pre-treatments lowered tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6 and prostaglandin E2 levels in MPP+ or KA treated cells. ORI also diminished MPP+ or KA induced increase in nuclear factor-κB binding activity. MPP+ exposure suppressed tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) mRNA expression and decreased dopamine content. KA exposure reduced glutamine synthetase (GS) mRNA expression, raised glutamate level and lowered glutamine level. ORI pre-treatments at 0.5-2 μM up-regulated mRNA expression of TH and GS, restored DA and glutamine content. These findings suggested that oridonin was a potent neuro-protective agent against Parkinson's disease and seizure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Ho Lin
- Emergency Department, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asia University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Man Hsu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Hai Tsai
- China Medical University Children's Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- China Medical University Children's Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jai-Sing Yang
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Hong Wang
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Mei-Chin Yin
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lin KH, Shibu MA, Peramaiyan R, Chen YF, Shen CY, Hsieh YL, Chen RJ, Viswanadha VP, Kuo WW, Huang CY. Bioactive flavone fisetin attenuates hypertension associated cardiac hypertrophy in H9c2 cells and in spontaneously hypertension rats. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
|
18
|
Chen BC, Hung MY, Wang HF, Yeh LJ, Pandey S, Chen RJ, Chang RL, Viswanadha VP, Lin KH, Huang CY. GABA tea attenuates cardiac apoptosis in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) by enhancing PI3K/Akt-mediated survival pathway and suppressing Bax/Bak dependent apoptotic pathway. Environ Toxicol 2018; 33:789-797. [PMID: 29708300 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cardiomyocyte apoptosis is the major risk factor for the development of heart failure (HF). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) tea on hypertension-induced cardiac apoptotic pathways in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). In order to reveal the mechanisms, 36 male SHR at eight weeks of age, 200 g were divided into six groups. One group was fed water as a control group. Other rats were administered one of the following treatments: GABA tea at dose 150 and 300 mg/kg/day as low GABA tea (LGT) and high GABA tea (HGT) groups, respectively, pure GABA at dose 150 and 300 mg/kg/day as LG and HG groups, respectively, green tea (GT) as control of LGT and HGT groups. After 12 weeks, cardiac tissues were analyzed by histological analysis, western blotting, and TUNEL assays. GABA tea, GT, and pure GABA decreased hypertension-induced cardiac abnormalities, including abnormal myocardial architecture. In addition, GABA tea, GT, and pure GABA dramatically increased anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl2. Furthermore, GABA tea, GT, and pure GABA also decreased activated-caspase 9 and activated-caspase 3. Additionally, the survival associated protein IGF-I and PI3K/Akt were enhanced in cardiac tissues upon treatment. Our results showed an optimistic anti-apoptotic and pro-survival effects of GABA tea treatment against hypertensive rat hearts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bih-Cheng Chen
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Yu Hung
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Fang Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Graduate Programs of Biomedical Nutrition, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Jen Yeh
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sudhir Pandey
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ray-Jade Chen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ruey-Lin Chang
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Kuan-Ho Lin
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Fang HY, Hung MY, Lin YM, Pandey S, Chang CC, Lin KH, Shen CY, Viswanadha VP, Kuo WW, Huang CY. 17β-Estradiol and/or estrogen receptor alpha signaling blocks protein phosphatase 1 mediated ISO induced cardiac hypertrophy. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196569. [PMID: 29723269 PMCID: PMC5933784 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Earlier studies have shown that estrogen possess protective function against the development of pathological cardiac hypertrophy. However, the molecular mechanisms of estrogens (E2) protective effect are poorly understood. Additionally, abnormal activation of β-adrenergic signaling have been implicated in the development of pathological cardiac remodeling. However, the role of serine/threonine protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) in pathological cardiac remodeling under the influence of β-adrenergic signaling have been sparsely investigated. In this study, we assessed the downstream effects of abnormal activation of PP1 upon isoproterenol (ISO) induced pathological cardiac changes. We found that pre-treatment of 17β-estradiol (E2), tet-on estrogen receptor-α, or both significantly inhibited ISO-induced increase in cell size, hypertrophy marker gene expression and cytosolic calcium accumulation in H9c2 cells. Additionally, treatment with estrogen receptor inhibitor (ICI) reversed those effects, implicating role of E2 in inhibiting pathological cardiac remodeling. However, specific inhibition of ERα using melatonin, reduced ISO-induced PP1c expression and enhanced the level of ser-16 phosphorylated phospholamban (PLB), responsible for regulation of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) activity. Furthermore, hypertrophic effect caused by overexpression of PP1cα was reduced by treatment with specific inhibitor of ERα. Collectively, we found that estrogen and estrogen receptor-α have protective effect against pathological cardiac changes by suppressing PP1 expression and its downstream signaling pathway, which further needs to be elucidated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yuan Fang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Yu Hung
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Sudhir Pandey
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chien Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Taipei City Hospital, Renai Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ho Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yao Shen
- Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | | | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Affiliation(s)
- H H Yen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,General Education Center, Chienkuo Technology University, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - K H Lin
- Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - C J Chen
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lin KH, Chiu CH, Kuo WW, Ju DT, Shen CY, Chen RJ, Lin CC, Viswanadha VP, Liu JS, Huang RFS, Huang CY. The preventive effects of edible folic acid on cardiomyocyte apoptosis and survival in early onset triple-transgenic Alzheimer's disease model mice. Environ Toxicol 2018; 33:83-92. [PMID: 29068127 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, neuropathological and epidemiological studies have indicated an association between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and several cardiovascular risk factors. In this study, the cardio-protective effects of folic acid (FA) in early stage AD was elucidated using a triple-transgenic (3xTg) Alzheimer's mouse model. Eleven-month-old C57BL/6 mice and 3xTg mice were assigned to five groups. During the four-month treatment period, the low-FA treatment group received FA through their diet, and the high-FA treatment groups received 3 mg/dl folate in drinking water and were also gastric-fed 1.2 mg/kg folate every day. In the C57B1/6J mice, treatment with high doses of FA (HFA) did not show any considerable effect compared to the control group or the low-dose dietary FA treatment group. However, Alzheimer's mice treated with HFA showed enhanced cardio-protection. Western blot analysis revealed that FA treatment restored SIRT1 expression, which was suppressed in 3xTg mice, through enhanced AMPK expression. FA significantly enhanced the IGF1 receptor survival mechanism in the hearts of the 3xTg mice and suppressed the expression-intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis-associated proteins. The results suggest that FA intake may significantly alleviate cellular pathological events in the heart associated with AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Ho Lin
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hao Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Da-Tong Ju
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yao Shen
- Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Ray-Jade Chen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chung Lin
- Orthopaedic Department, Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Jian-Sheng Liu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Yunlin County, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Yunlin County, Taiwan
| | - Rwei-Fen S Huang
- Department of Nutritional Science, , Graduate Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, Fu Jen University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Lin KH, Hsu HT, Teng TH, Lin PY, Ko CJ, Hsieh CE, Chen YL. Rapidly increasing liver progenitor cell numbers in human regenerating liver after portal vein ligation and liver partition. Malays J Pathol 2017; 39:289-291. [PMID: 29279592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver regeneration is dependent on the proliferation of hepatocytes. Hepatic progenitor cells are intra-hepatic precursor cells capable of differentiating into hepatocytes or biliary cells. Although liver progenitor cell proliferation during the regenerative process has been observed in animal models of severe liver injury, it has never been observed in vivo in humans because it is unethical to take multiple biopsy specimens for the purpose of studying the proliferation of liver progenitor cells and the roles they play in liver regeneration. Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) is a staged procedure for inducing remnant liver hypertrophy so that major hepatectomy can be performed safely. This staged procedure allows for liver biopsy specimens to be taken before and after the liver begins to regenerate. CASE PRESENTATION The liver progenitor cell proliferation is observed in a patient undergoing ALPPS for a metastatic hepatic tumour. Liver biopsy is acquired before and after ALPPS for the calculation of average number of liver progenitor cell under high magnification examination by stain of immunomarkers. This is the first in vivo evidence of growing liver progenitor cells demonstrated in a regenerating human liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K H Lin
- Changhua Christian Hospital, Department of General Surgery, No. 135 Nan-Hsiao Street, Changhua, Taiwan 500.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Liu YL, Lin KH, Tamilselvi S, Chen WK, Shen CY, Chen RJ, Day CH, Wu HC, Viswanadha VP, Huang CY. Elevated Phosphate Levels Trigger Autophagy-Mediated Cellular Apoptosis in H9c2 Cardiomyoblasts. Cardiorenal Med 2017; 8:31-40. [PMID: 29344024 DOI: 10.1159/000479010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM In chronic kidney disease (CKD), kidneys fail to maintain phosphorus homeostasis in serum. Elevated phosphorus levels in serum have been associated with cardiovascular diseases in CKD patients and in normal individuals. In this study, we evaluated the level of autophagy- and apoptosis-related markers under different concentrations of hyperphosphate in myocardial cells. METHODS Modulation inflicted on the levels of various survival-, autophagy-, and apoptosis-related markers were determined by Western blotting analysis using total protein extract. FITC-annexin V staining was performed to quantify the apoptotic cells in all groups. RESULTS Hyperphosphate treatments showed to induce autophagy-related proteins beclin-1, ATG7, and LC3 II through the pAMPK-ULK1 pathway in Western blotting analysis. Further, apoptosis-associated proteins such as Bax, Bid, cytochrome c, and c-caspase-9 were also upregulated with hyperphosphate treatment. 3-Methyladenine, an autophagy inhibitor, inhibited apoptosis significantly in FITC-annexin V staining, and the inhibition of Bax, cytochrome c, and c-caspase-3 was shown by Western blotting. CONCLUSION The results suggest that hyperphosphate in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts would lead to cellular apoptosis via autophagy, which is mediated by the pAMPK signaling pathway. Our findings revealed the possible mechanism responsible for the heart damage under hyperphosphatemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Lung Liu
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Institute, China Medical University Hospital.,School of Medicine, China Medical University
| | - Kuan-Ho Lin
- School of Medicine, China Medical University.,Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital
| | | | | | | | - Ray-Jade Chen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | - Hsi-Chin Wu
- School of Medicine, China Medical University
| | | | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung.,Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University.,Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ting WJ, Huang CY, Jiang CH, Lin YM, Chung LC, Shen CY, Pai P, Lin KH, Viswanadha VP, Liao SC. Treatment with 17β-Estradiol Reduced Body Weight and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in a High-Fat Diet-Induced Animal Model of Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18030629. [PMID: 28335423 PMCID: PMC5372642 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18030629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptor α (ERα) and estrogen receptor β (ERβ) play important roles in cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention. Recently, these estrogen receptors were reconsidered as an important treatment target of obesity leading to CVD. In this study, 17β-estradiol (17β-E) replacement therapy applied to high-fat diet-induced obese C57B male mice and ovariectomized (OVX) rats were evaluated, and the protective effects against high-fat diet-induced obesity were assessed in C57B mouse hearts. The results showed that 17β-E treatment activated both ERα and ERβ, and ERβ levels increased in a dose-dependent manner in high-fat diet C57B mouse cardiomyocytes following 17β-E treatment. Notably, an almost 16% reduction in body weight was observed in the 17β-E-treated (12 μg/kg/day for 60 days) high-fat diet-induced obese C57B male mice. These results suggested that 17β-E supplements may reduce CVD risk due to obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jen Ting
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, B24 Yinquan South Road, Qingyuan 511518, China.
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, 500 Lioufeng Road, Taichung 41354, Taiwan.
| | - Chong-He Jiang
- Department of Urology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, B24 Yinquan South Road, Qingyuan 511518, China.
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nanxiao Street, Changhua 50006, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, 79-9 Sha-Luen Hu, Hou-Loung Town, Miaoli 35664, Taiwan.
| | - Li-Chin Chung
- Department of Hospital and Health Care Administration, China Nan University of Pharmacy & Science, 60, Section 1, Erren Road, Rende District, Tainan 71710, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Yao Shen
- Department of Nursing, Mei Ho University, 23 Pingguang Road, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan.
| | - Peiying Pai
- Division of Cardiology, China Medical University Hospital, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Kuan-Ho Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | | | - Shih-Chieh Liao
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lin KH, Shibu MA, Kuo YH, Chen YC, Hsu HH, Bau DT, Chen MC, Tu CC, Viswanadha VP, Huang CY. Taiwanin C selectively inhibits arecoline and 4-NQO-induced oral cancer cell proliferation via ERK1/2 inactivation. Environ Toxicol 2017; 32:62-69. [PMID: 26537528 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Arecoline, the most abundant alkaloid in betel nut is known to promote abnormal proliferation of epithelial cells by enhancing epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) expression. Taiwanin C, a naturally occurring lignan extracted from Taiwania cryptomerioides, has been found to be a potential inhibitor of COX2 expression. Based on the MTT assay results, taiwanin C was found to be effective in inhibiting the tumorous T28 cell than the non-tumorous N28 cells. The modulations in the expression of relevant proteins were determined to understand the mechanism induced by taiwanin C to inhibit T28 cell proliferation. The levels of activated EGFR and COX2 were found to be abnormally high in the T28 oral cancer cells. However, taiwanin C was found to inhibit the activation of EGFR and regulated other related downstream proteins and thereby inhibited the T28 cell proliferation. In conclusion the results indicate that taiwanin C suppresses COX2-EGFR and enhances P27 pathways to suppress arecoline induced oral cancer cell proliferation via ERK1/2 inactivation. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 62-69, 2017.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Ho Lin
- Emergency Department, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Yueh-Hsiung Kuo
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Chiu Chen
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Hsien Hsu
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Mackay Medicine, Nursing and Management College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Da-Tian Bau
- Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Cheng Chen
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Chou Tu
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Force Taichung General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wu JP, Ho TJ, Tsai CC, Yeh YL, Lin CC, Lin KH, Hsieh DJY, Chen LM, Pan LF, Huang CY. Hepatoprotective Effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Liver Fibrosis from Ethanol Administration following Partial Hepatectomy. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2016; 58:393-403. [PMID: 26717918 DOI: 10.4077/cjp.2015.bad339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to establish the effective hepatoprotective properties of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) in fibrotic rat liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy (PHx). Fibrosis was induced in rats by ethanol (EtOH, 5 ml/kg) administration for 6, 24, 72, and 168 h. The rats were then fed four TCMs (1 g/kg/day, Codonopsis pilosula (CP), Salvia miltorrhiza Bunge (SMB), Bupleurum kasi (BK), and Elephantopus scaber L (ESL)) to Spraque-Dawley rats for 6, 24, 72 and 168 h, respectively. Surgical 70% cirrhotic fibrosis PHx was then conducted at 6, 24, 72, and 168 h. The effects on liver regeneration were examined to estimate and measure hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), focal adhesion kinase (FAK), Cyclin D1, Cyclin E, and retinoblastoma protein (pRb) protein expression using Western blotting analysis. Cyclin D1, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1, TIMP-2 and TIMP-3 mRNA by Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were analyzed in cirrhotic fibrosis rats. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), Cyclin D1, Cyclin E, pRb and E2F mRNA expression levels were determined in fibrotic rats following PHx using RT-PCR. We found elevated glutamyl oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamyl pyrubic transaminase (GPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gammaglutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT), glutathione (GSH), nonprotein sulfhydryl (NPSH) and total bilirubin in serum after 6 h EtOH administration. These levels were progressively decreased over 168 h. Total protein and albumin were reduced in serum after 6 h administration and then progressively increased. In contrast, tissues disorder histology and morphology were determined in liver sections. After rats were fed TCMs we found that SMB extraction not only induced HGF, FAK, Cyclin D1, and pRb protein expression and Cyclin D1 mRNA increases, but also reduced MMP-2 and MMP-9 after 24 and 72 h post injury. In the cell cycle S phase the Cyclin E protein expression was increased by ESL. CP induced TIMP-1, TIMP-2 and TIMP-3 mRNA increases in fibrotic rats. We detected liver regeneration in fibrotic rats. We also found that the liver regeneration index increased from 6 to 168 h post PHx. After 168 h fibrotic liver regeneration rats exhibited reduced TGF-β1 mRNA expression and enhanced Cyclin D1, Cyclin E, pRb and E2F mRNA expression. TCMs play a crucial role in the early mediating process in fibrotic rat liver regeneration after PHx.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ping Wu
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Chinese Medicine Department, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Beigang, Yunlin 65152, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chin-Chuan Tsai
- School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Chinese Medicine Department, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Lan Yeh
- Department of pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli 35664, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chien-Chung Lin
- Orthopaedic Department, Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung 32551, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Kuan-Ho Lin
- Emergency Department, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Dennis Jine-Yuan Hsieh
- School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Li-Mien Chen
- Center of General Education, Central Taiwan University of Science & Technology, Taichung 40601, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Lung-Fa Pan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences of Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung 40601, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, Republic of China.,School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan, Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lin KH, Liu CL, Kuo WW, Paul CR, Chen WK, Wen SY, Day CH, Wu HC, Viswanadha VP, Huang CY. Correction: Early Fluid Resuscitation by Lactated Ringer's Solution Alleviate the Cardiac Apoptosis in Rats with Trauma-Hemorrhagic Shock. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168419. [PMID: 27936134 PMCID: PMC5148148 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
28
|
Hsieh YL, Shibu MA, Lii CK, Viswanadha VP, Lin YL, Lai CH, Chen YF, Lin KH, Kuo WW, Huang CY. Andrographis paniculata extract attenuates pathological cardiac hypertrophy and apoptosis in high-fat diet fed mice. J Ethnopharmacol 2016; 192:170-177. [PMID: 27401291 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees (Acanthaceae) has a considerable medicinal reputation in most parts of Asia as a potent medicine in the treatment of Endocrine disorders, inflammation and hypertension. AIM OF THE STUDY Water extract of A. paniculata and its active constituent andrographolide are known to possess anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects. Our aim is to identify whether A. paniculata extract could protect myocardial damage in high-fat diet induced obese mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS The test mice were divided into three groups fed either with normal chow or with high fat diet (obese) or with high fat diet treated with A. paniculata extract (2g/kg/day, through gavage, for a week). RESULTS We found that the myocardial inflammation pathway related proteins were increased in the obese mouse which potentially contributes to cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial apoptosis. But feeding with A. paniculata extract showed significant inhibition on the effects of high fat diet. CONCLUSION Our study strongly suggests that supplementation of A. paniculata extract can be used for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease in obese patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- You-Liang Hsieh
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Chong-Kuei Lii
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Yi-Lin Lin
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hung Lai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Force Taichung General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Feng Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Force Taichung General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ho Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Feng CC, Lin CC, Lai YP, Chen TS, Marthandam Asokan S, Lin JY, Lin KH, Viswanadha VP, Kuo WW, Huang CY. Hypoxia suppresses myocardial survival pathway through HIF-1α-IGFBP-3-dependent signaling and enhances cardiomyocyte autophagic and apoptotic effects mainly via FoxO3a-induced BNIP3 expression. Growth Factors 2016; 34:73-86. [PMID: 27366871 DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2016.1191480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The HIF-1α transcriptional factor and the BH-3 only protein BNIP3 are known to play fundamental roles in response to hypoxia. The objective of this research is to investigate the molecular mechanisms and the correlation of HIF-1α, BNIP3 and IGFBP-3 in hypoxia-induced cardiomyocytes injuries. Heart-derived H9c2 cells and neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs) were incubated in normoxic or hypoxic conditions. Hypoxia increased HIF-1α expression and activated the downstream BNIP3 and IGFBP-3 thereby triggered mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. Moreover, IGF1R/PI3K/Akt signaling was attenuated by HIF-1α-dependent IGFBP-3 expression to enhance hypoxia-induced apoptosis. Autophagy suppression with 3-methyladenine or siATG5 or siBeclin-1 significantly decreased myocardial apoptosis under hypoxia. Knockdown of FoxO3a or BNIP3 significantly abrogated hypoxia-induced autophagy and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. Moreover, prolonged-hypoxia induced HIF-1α stimulated BNIP3 and enhanced IGFBP-3 activation to inhibit IGF1R/PI3K/Akt survival pathway and mediate mitochondria-dependent cardiomyocyte apoptosis. HIF-1α and FoxO3a blockage are sufficient to annul the change of excessive hypoxia of hearts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chung Feng
- a Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chung Lin
- b Orthopaedic Department, Armed Forces General Hospital , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Lai
- c Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Tung-Sheng Chen
- c Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
- d Biomaterials Translational Research Center, China Medical University Hospital , Taichung , Taiwan
| | | | - Jing-Ying Lin
- e Department of Nursing , Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ho Lin
- f Emergency Department, China Medical University Hospital , Taichung , Taiwan
| | | | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- h Department of Biological Science and Technology , China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- c Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
- i Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan , and
- j Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology , Asia University , Taichung , Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chen YF, Shibu MA, Fan MJ, Chen MC, Viswanadha VP, Lin YL, Lai CH, Lin KH, Ho TJ, Kuo WW, Huang CY. Purple rice anthocyanin extract protects cardiac function in STZ-induced diabetes rat hearts by inhibiting cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. J Nutr Biochem 2016; 31:98-105. [PMID: 27133428 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) often causes chronic inflammation, hypertrophy, apoptosis and fibrosis in the heart and subsequently leads to myocardial remodeling, deteriorated cardiac function and heart failure. Anthocyanins are strong antioxidants that show effective cardioprotective properties. Our aim was to determine whether anthocyanin extracted from purple rice provides protective effects in DM hearts. Five-week-old male Wistar rats were administered with streptozotocin (STZ) to induce type 1 diabetes. Animals were randomly divided into normal group, DM group (induced by 55mg/kg STZ, i.p.) and DM with anthocyanin group (250mg/kg/day, feeding 4 weeks). After treatment, the left ventricular tissues were collected to observe the relevant changes in the heart and the associated molecular events were determined by Western blotting assay. STZ-induced DM increased the proinflammatory signaling proteins in the heart and triggered the development of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Significant reduction in the heart function index such as left ventricular end-diastolic dimension and left ventricular end-systolic dimension was observed in the STZ-induced DM rat hearts, suggesting myocardial tissue damage and loss of heart function. Treatment with anthocyanin from purple rice extract, however, reduced the effect of DM and showed significant reduction in cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Anthocyanin therefore restores the deteriorating cardiac functions in DM rats as evident from their heart functional parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Feng Chen
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Section of Cardiology, Yuan Rung Hospital, Yuanlin, Taiwan
| | | | - Ming-Jen Fan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Cheng Chen
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Yi-Lin Lin
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hung Lai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Force Taichung General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ho Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- Chinese Medicine Department, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Lin KH, Kuo CH, Kuo WW, Ho TJ, Pai P, Chen WK, Pan LF, Wang CC, Padma VV, Huang CY. NFIL3 suppresses hypoxia-induced apoptotic cell death by targeting the insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor. J Cell Biochem 2016; 116:1113-20. [PMID: 25536374 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Revised: 12/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor-II/mannose 6-phosphate receptor (IGF2R) over-expression correlates with heart disease progression. The IGF2R is not only an IGF2 clearance receptor, but it also triggers signal transduction, resulting in cardiac hypertrophy, apoptosis and fibrosis. The present study investigated the nuclear factor IL-3 (NFIL3), a transcription factor of the basic leucine zipper superfamily, and its potential pro-survival effects in cardiomyocytes. NFIL3 might play a key role in heart development and act as a survival factor in the heart, but the regulatory mechanisms are still unclear. IGF2 and IGF2R protein expression were highly increased in rat hearts subjected to hemorrhagic shock. IGF2R protein expression was also up-regulated in H9c2 cells exposed to hypoxia. Over-expression of NFIL3 in H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells inhibited the induction of hypoxia-induced apoptosis and down-regulated IGF2R expression levels. Gel shift assay, double-stranded DNA pull-down assay and chromatin immune-precipitation analyses indicated that NFIL3 binds directly to the IGF2R promoter region. Using a luciferase assay, we further observed NFIL3 repress IGF2R gene promoter activity. Our results demonstrate that NFIL3 is an important negative transcription factor, which through binding to the promoter of IGF2R, suppresses the apoptosis induced by IGF2R signaling in H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells under hypoxic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Ho Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chen YC, Lee HJ, Lin KH. Measurement of body joint angles for physical therapy based on mean shift tracking using two low cost Kinect images. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2016; 2015:703-6. [PMID: 26736359 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2015.7318459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Range of motion (ROM) is commonly used to assess a patient's joint function in physical therapy. Because motion capture systems are generally very expensive, physical therapists mostly use simple rulers to measure patients' joint angles in clinical diagnosis, which will suffer from low accuracy, low reliability, and subjective. In this study we used color and depth image feature from two sets of low-cost Microsoft Kinect to reconstruct 3D joint positions, and then calculate moveable joint angles to assess the ROM. A Gaussian background model is first used to segment the human body from the depth images. The 3D coordinates of the joints are reconstructed from both color and depth images. To track the location of joints throughout the sequence more precisely, we adopt the mean shift algorithm to find out the center of voxels upon the joints. The two sets of Kinect are placed three meters away from each other and facing to the subject. The joint moveable angles and the motion data are calculated from the position of joints frame by frame. To verify the results of our system, we take the results from a motion capture system called VICON as golden standard. Our 150 test results showed that the deviation of joint moveable angles between those obtained by VICON and our system is about 4 to 8 degree in six different upper limb exercises, which are acceptable in clinical environment.
Collapse
|
33
|
Chen WK, Kuo WW, Hsieh DJY, Chang HN, Pai PY, Lin KH, Pan LF, Ho TJ, Viswanadha VP, Huang CY. CREB Negatively Regulates IGF2R Gene Expression and Downstream Pathways to Inhibit Hypoxia-Induced H9c2 Cardiomyoblast Cell Death. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:27921-30. [PMID: 26610485 PMCID: PMC4661925 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161126067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
During hypoxia, gene expression is altered by various transcription factors. Insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF2) is known to be induced by hypoxia, which binds to IGF2 receptor IGF2R that acts like a G protein-coupled receptor, might cause pathological hypertrophy or activation of the mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) responsive element-binding protein (CREB) is central to second messenger-regulated transcription and plays a critical role in the cardiomyocyte survival pathway. In this study, we found that IGF2R level was enhanced in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts exposed to hypoxia in a time-dependent manner but was down-regulated by CREB expression. The over-expression of CREB in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts suppressed the induction of hypoxia-induced IGF2R expression levels and reduced cell apoptosis. Gel shift assay results further indicated that CREB binds to the promoter sequence of IGF2R. With a luciferase assay method, we further observed that CREB represses IGF2R promoter activity. These results suggest that CREB plays an important role in the inhibition of IGF2R expression by binding to the IGF2R promoter and further suppresses H9c2 cardiomyoblast cell apoptosis induced by IGF2R signaling under hypoxic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Kung Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Dennis Jine-Yuan Hsieh
- School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Nung Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Ying Pai
- Division of Cardiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Kuan-Ho Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Lung-Fa Pan
- Cardiology Department, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital. Taichung 41152, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung 40601, Taiwan.
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
- Chinese Medicine Department, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Yunlin 651, Taiwan.
| | | | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Chinese Medicine Department, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Yunlin 651, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Lin KH, Kuo WW, Jiang AZ, Pai P, Lin JY, Chen WK, Day CH, Shen CY, Padma VV, Huang CY. Tetramethylpyrazine Ameliorated Hypoxia-Induced Myocardial Cell Apoptosis via HIF-1α/JNK/p38 and IGFBP3/BNIP3 Inhibition to Upregulate PI3K/Akt Survival Signaling. Cell Physiol Biochem 2015; 36:334-44. [PMID: 25967972 DOI: 10.1159/000374076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemorrhagic shock (HS) is the major cause of death from trauma. Hemorrhagic shock may lead to cellular hypoxia and organ damage. Our previous findings showed that HS induced a cardiac apoptosis pathway and synergistically caused myocardial cell damage in diabetic rats under trauma-induced HS. Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) is a major biologically active ingredient purified from the rhizome of Ligusticum wallichii (called Chuang Xiong in Chinese). Chuan Xiong rescued cells from synergistic cardiomyoblast cell injury under high-glucose (HG) conditions plus hypoxia. TMP is one of the most important active ingredients that elevated the survival rate in ischemic brain injury and prevented inducible NO synthase expression to have anti-inflammatory effects against cell damage in different cell types. METHOD Here, we further investigate whether TMP can protect against hypoxic (<1% oxygen) conditions in H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells for 24 hrs. RESULTS Our results showed that hypoxia mediated through HIF-1α/JNK/p38 activation significantly elevated the levels of the hypoxia-related proteins HIF-1α, BNIP3 and IGFBP3, further enhanced the pro-apoptotic protein Bak and upregulated downstream Caspase 9 and 3, resulting in cell death. All of these phenomena were fully recovered under TMP treatment. We observed that TMP exerted this effect by activating the IGF1 receptor survival pathway, dependent primarily on PI3K/Akt. When PI3K (class I) was blocked by specific siRNA, the hypoxia-induced activated caspase 3 and cell apoptosis could not be reversed by TMP treatment. CONCLUSION Our results strongly suggest that TMP could be used to restore hypoxia-induced myocardial cell apoptosis and cardiac hypoxic damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Ho Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the diagnostic value of serum B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) in acute Kawasaki disease (KD). DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES A systematic literature search strategy was designed and carried out using MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library from inception to December 2013. We also performed manual screening of the bibliographies of primary studies and review articles, and contacted authors for additional data. STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA We included all BNP and NT-pro (N-terminal prohormone) BNP assay studies that compared paediatric patients with KD to patients with febrile illness unrelated to KD. We excluded case reports, case series, review articles, editorials, congress abstracts, clinical guidelines and all studies that compared healthy controls. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES The performance characteristics of BNP were summarised using forest plots, hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and bivariate random effects models. RESULTS We found six eligible studies including 279 cases of patients with KD and 203 febrile controls. Six studies examined NT-proBNP and one examined BNP. In general, NT-proBNP is a specific and moderately sensitive test for identifying KD. The pooled sensitivity was 0.89 (95% CI 0.78 to 0.95) and the pooled specificity was 0.72 (95% CI 0.58 to 0.82). The area under the summary ROC curve was 0.87 (95% CI 0.83 to 0.89). The positive likelihood ratio (LR+ 3.20, 95% CI 2.10 to 4.80) was sufficiently high to be qualified as a rule-in diagnostic tool in the context of high pre-test probability and compatible clinical symptoms. A high degree of heterogeneity was found using the Cochran Q statistic. CONCLUSIONS Current evidence suggests that NT-proBNP may be used as a diagnostic tool for KD. NT-proBNP has high diagnostic value for identifying KD in patients with protracted undifferentiated febrile illness. Prospective large cohort studies are needed to help determine best cut-off values and further clarify the role of NT-proBNP in the diagnosis process of KD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Ho Lin
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shy-Shin Chang
- Department of Family Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Wei Yu
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Shen-Che Lin
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chun Liu
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-yun Chao
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Meng-tse Gabriel Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Yih Wu
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chang Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Douliou, Taiwan
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Lin KH, Chen LFO, Li SD, Lo HF. Comparative proteomic analysis of cauliflower under high temperature and flooding stresses. Sci Hortic 2015; 183:118-129. [PMID: 32287882 PMCID: PMC7116940 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2014.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Revised: 11/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/13/2014] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
High-temperature and waterlogging are major abiotic stresses that affect the yield and quality of cauliflower. Cauliflower cultivars 'H41' and 'H69' are tolerant to high temperature and flooding, respectively; however, 'H71' is sensitive to both stresses. The objectives of this study were to identify the proteins that were differentially regulated and the physiological changes that occurred during different time periods in 'H41', 'H69', and 'H71' when responding to treatments of flooding, 40 °C, and both stresses combined. Changes in the leaf proteome were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and identified by Mascot peptide mass fingerprint (PMF) and database searching. Stress treatments caused significant reductions in electrolyte leakage, chlorophyll fluorescence Fv/Fm, chlorophyll content, and water potential as stress times were prolonged. By the comparative proteomic analysis, 85 protein peaks that were differentially expressed in response to combination treatments at 0, 6, and 24 h, 69 (33 in 'H41', 29 in 'H69', and 9 in 'H71') were identified, of which were cultivar specific. Differentially regulated proteins predominantly functioned in photosynthesis and to a lesser extent in energy metabolism, cellular homeostasis, transcription and translation, signal transduction, and protein biosynthesis. This is the first report that utilizes proteomics to discover changes in the protein expression profile of cauliflower in response to heat and flooding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K H Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 111, Taiwan
| | - L F O Chen
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - S D Li
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 111, Taiwan
| | - H F Lo
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Chou SH, Lin SZ, Kuo WW, Pai P, Lin JY, Lai CH, Kuo CH, Lin KH, Tsai FJ, Huang CY. Mesenchymal stem cell insights: prospects in cardiovascular therapy. Cell Transplant 2015; 23:513-29. [PMID: 24816448 DOI: 10.3727/096368914x678436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart damage usually triggers cardiomyopathological remodeling and fibrosis, thus promoting the development of heart functional failure. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a heterogeneous group of cells in culture, with multipotent and hypoimmunogenic characters to aid tissue repair and avoid immune responses, respectively. Numerous experimental findings have proven the feasibility, safety, and efficiency of MSC therapy for cardiac regeneration. Despite that the exact mechanism remains unclear, the therapeutic ability of MSCs to treat ischemia heart diseases has been tested in phase I/II clinical trials. Based on encouraging preliminary findings, MSCs might become a potentially efficacious tool in the therapeutic options available to treat ischemic and nonischemic cardiovascular disorders. The molecular mechanism behind the efficacy of MSCs on promoting engraftment and accelerating the speed of heart functional recovery is still waiting for clarification. It is hypothesized that cardiomyocyte regeneration, paracrine mechanisms for cardiac repair, optimization of the niche for cell survival, and cardiac remodeling by inflammatory control are involved in the interaction between MSCs and the damaged myocardial environment. This review focuses on recent experimental and clinical findings related to cellular cardiomyoplasticity. We focus on MSCs, highlighting their roles in cardiac tissue repair, transdifferentiation, the MSC niche in myocardial tissues, discuss their therapeutic efficacy that has been tested for cardiac therapy, and the current bottleneck of MSC-based cardiac therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiu-Huey Chou
- Department of Life Science, Fu-Jen Catholic University, Xinzhuang District, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Lin KH, Wang FL, Wu MS, Jiang BY, Kao WL, Chao HY, Wu JY, Lee CC. Serum procalcitonin and C-reactive protein levels as markers of bacterial infection in patients with liver cirrhosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2014; 80:72-8. [PMID: 24974271 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2014.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2013] [Revised: 03/01/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The diagnostic value of procalcitonin (PCT) for patients with liver cirrhosis is unclear. We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases for studies published through December 2013 that evaluated the diagnostic performance of PCT for patients with acute or chronic liver disease with suspected systemic infection. We summarized the test performance characteristics by using forest plots, hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic curves, and bivariate random effects models. Our search identified 230 citations, of which 10 diagnostic studies that evaluated 1144 patients and 435 bacterial infection episodes (32.1%) were ultimately included for analysis. The bivariate pooled sensitivity estimates were 79% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 64%-89%) for PCT tests and 77% (95% CI: 69%-84%) for C-reactive protein (CRP) tests. Pooled specificity estimates were higher for both PCT and CRP tests (PCT, 89% [95% CI: 82%-94%]; CRP, 85% [95% CI: 76%-90%]). The positive likelihood ratio for PCT (LR+, 7.38, 95% CI: 4.70-11.58) was sufficiently high to qualify PCT as a rule-in diagnostic tool, and the negative likelihood ratio for CRP was sufficiently low to qualify CRP as an acceptable rule-out diagnostic tool (LR- 0.23, 95% CI: 0.13-0.41) in patients with no signs of infection. Available clinical evidence showed that PCT has comparable accuracy to CRP for the diagnosis of systemic infection in patients with liver cirrhosis. Compared with patients with normal liver function, both PCT and CRP tests have acceptable accuracy for diagnosing bacterial infection among patients with liver cirrhosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Ho Lin
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Lin Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan,Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Shu Wu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan,Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Yan Jiang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan,Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Liang Kao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan,Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Yun Chao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan,Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Yih Wu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Chang Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Brach, Yunlin, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Chen PM, Hsiao LT, Tang JL, Yen CC, Liu JH, Lin KH, Chiou TJ, Tzeng CH. Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Taiwan: past, present, and future. Hong Kong Med J 2009; 15:13-16. [PMID: 19494390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In Taiwan, haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has been used to treat patients with haematological diseases since 1983. Thereafter till 2007, there were 2537 patients who had undergone HSCT in more than 15 hospitals. Their diseases included acute myeloid leukaemia in 27.8% of cases, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma 23.3%, acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 12.8%, chronic myeloid leukaemia 11.9%, severe aplastic anaemia 8.7%, and multiple myeloma 4.1%. Most of the cases received myeloablative conditioning regimens. More than 15% of cases received non-myeloablative regimens, and the mean age of these cases was at least 10 years older than those who received myeloablative regimens. The types of graft included peripheral blood (60.4%) and bone marrow (32.0%). A total of 35% of patients received autologous grafts. Of 1557 allogeneic HSCT patients, 338 (21.7%) received grafts from unrelated donors. Cord blood transplantation has been successfully performed in paediatric patients with thalassaemia major and with a large body size, and adult patients. The incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease was relatively low in Taiwan. On the contrary, a relatively higher proportion of hepatitis B carrier in the recipients had led to a higher incidence of reactivation hepatitis, which was markedly decreased following lamivudine prophylaxis. In conclusion, HSCT has become a routine therapy for major medical centres in Taiwan. Our unique experiences in the past decades also contributed to the progress of HSCT. With the establishment of professional association and patient supportive groups, we hope we can fully improve our daily practice and clinical as well as basic research in HSCT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P M Chen
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Tang JL, Yao M, Lu MY, Ko BS, Lin DT, Lin KH, Chen YC. Long-term outcome of allogeneic human leukocyte antigen-matched sibling-donor peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in leukaemia patients. Hong Kong Med J 2009; 15:31-34. [PMID: 19494394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Between 1993 and July 2008, a total of 354 leukaemic patients received either allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) [n = 180] or peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) [n = 174] from human leukocyte antigen-matched sibling donors. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis consisted of cyclosporin A and methotrexate. When comparing with BMT group, patients in the PBSCT group received much higher nucleated cells and CD34+ cells, and had much faster recovery of the neutrophil and platelet counts. The probability of developing acute GVHD was slightly higher in PBSCT patients (P = 0.02). The probability of chronic GVHD (cGVHD) in PBSCT was much higher in PBSCT (70 +/- 5.4%, extensive 48 +/- 6.5%) than in BMT (25 +/- 4.7%, extensive 10 +/- 3.4%; P < 0.001). Chronic GVHD was associated with long-term impairment of life quality and decreased quality-adjusted survival. In standard-risk leukaemia, use of PBSCT was associated with higher cGVHD, transplant-related mortality and a trend for decreased overall survival. The results suggest that allogeneic PBSCT is associated with high incidence of cGVHD in Chinese patients and its long-term risk and benefit remains to be defined in early stage of leukaemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J L Tang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Lin KH, Sathappan SS, Wong HP. Persistent knee instability following revision total knee arthroplasty. Singapore Med J 2008; 49:e347-e349. [PMID: 19122931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Instability is an important cause of failure following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Knee stability needs to be optimal in both the coronal and sagittal planes. We describe failed revision TKA with persistent deformity and instability secondary to a deficient medial collateral ligament in a 71-year-old Chinese woman. Revision knee arthroplasty using constrained implants was performed on her with good result. During both primary and revision TKA, assessment of knee stability is critical. Constrained prosthesis would need to be considered when there is significant ligamentous deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K H Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore 308433.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Tawashy AE, Eng JJ, Lin KH, Tang PF, Hung C. Physical activity is related to lower levels of pain, fatigue and depression in individuals with spinal-cord injury: a correlational study. Spinal Cord 2008; 47:301-6. [PMID: 18936771 DOI: 10.1038/sc.2008.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN This was a prospective cross-sectional study for people with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI). OBJECTIVES To (1) evaluate the intensity level and nature of physical activity in community-dwelling individuals living with SCI, and (2) explore the relation between descriptive individual variables (for example, lesion level), secondary complications and participation in physical activity. SETTING Urban community setting. METHODS A total of 49 subjects with SCI who used a manual wheelchair for primary mode of mobility (mean years since injury, 11.8; mean age, 43.7 years; 67% paraplegia) completed the physical activity recall assessment for people with SCI (PARA-SCI). RESULTS Approximately 50% of reported physical activity among individuals with SCI is due to activities of daily living. The amount of physical activity was not related to lesion level, age, body mass index or waistline size. Greater heavy-intensity activity was related to lower levels of pain and fatigue and higher levels of self-efficacy, whereas higher amounts of mild-intensity activity and total activity were related to less depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Activities of daily living are a large component for physical activity among individuals with SCI. It appears that greater physical activity is associated with less secondary complications (pain, fatigue and depression) in individuals with SCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A E Tawashy
- Rehabilitation Research Lab, GF Strong Rehab Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
Microcysts are most evident in the posteroventral and anteroventral cochlear nuclei (PVCN and AVCN) of the Mongolian gerbil. The origin and contents of the microcyst are not elucidated at present. The present study investigated the possible inclusions in the microcyst by employing immunocytochemical labeling to localize the existence of various protein markers. Thirty and 100 microm thick sections were used to substitute and reconstruct between 6 and 20 paraffin serial sections, respectively. In 30-microm-thick slice sections, immunoreactivity of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP-IR), mitochondria inner membrane (MCA-In-IR), S-100 (S-100-IR), serotonin (5-HT-IR), myelin proteolipid protein (PLP-IR) and substance P (SP-IR) abutted on the perimeter of the microcyst. The immunolabeled SP-positive cells were adjacent to the evagination of the microcyst. In 100-microm-thick slice sections, immunoreactivity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS-IR) and somatostatin (SOM-IR) mainly precipitated as flocculent structures in the small to medium-sized microcysts. 5-HT-IR also precipitated as an elongated flocculent stalk adjacent to the large microcyst or randomly distributed in the neuropil. The findings suggest that GFAP, MCA-In, S-100, 5-HT, PLP, SP, NOS and SOM may be involved in modulating the physiological functions and maintaining micro-environmental homeostasis of the microcyst in the cochlear nucleus of the gerbil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S M Yu
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Wang CY, Lin KH, S.Gau C. Influence of Health Policy on the Utilisation Pattern of Carbamazepine and the Benefit to Patients. Drug Saf 2007. [DOI: 10.2165/00002018-200730100-00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
|
45
|
Wu YK, Wang HK, Lin KH, Shiang TY. COMPARISONS OF TWO METHODS IN DETECTING INTRAMUSCULAR PRESSURE DURING ISOMETRIC CONTRACTION; FASCICLE MORPHOLOGY AND MUSCLE HARDNESS. J Biomech 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9290(07)70290-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
46
|
|
47
|
Liang DC, Chan TT, Lin KH, Lin DT, Lu MY, Chen SH, Liu HC, Lin MT, Lee MT, Shu SG, Chang TK, Chen JS, Hsiao CC, Hung IJ, Hsieh YL, Chen RL, Cheng SN, Chang WH, Lee CH, Lin KS. Improved treatment results for childhood acute myeloid leukemia in Taiwan. Leukemia 2005; 20:136-41. [PMID: 16281075 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2403979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
To improve treatment results for children with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML), we introduced a novel protocol, Taiwan Pediatric Oncology Group-AML-97A, for AML other than acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), for which modified conventional protocols were used. From January 1, 1997, to December 31, 2002, 141 children younger than 17 years old with de novo AML were enrolled. In total, 117 patients with non-APL AML were treated with induction therapy of idarubicin and cytarabine (Ara-C), postremission therapy with high-dose Ara-C - containing regimens for four monthly courses, and moderate-dose therapy with idarubicin and Ara-C for four monthly courses. The first 19 patients with APL were treated with all-trans retinoic acid, idarubicin and Ara-C, with the remaining five patients receiving all-trans retinoic acid and idarubicin, followed by maintenance therapy for 2 years. Stem cell transplantation was performed in 29 patients in first remission with a similar outcome as chemotherapy alone. The remission rate in the AML-97A study was 90%, the 5-year survival 51 +/- 5.3% (s.e.) and the 5-year event-free survival 50 +/- 4.8%; for APL, these were 100%, 86 +/- 7.0, and 75 +/- 9.8%. For the whole group, the 5-year survival was 57 +/- 4.7% and the 5-year event-free survival 54 +/- 4.4%. The AML-97A regimen was well tolerated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D C Liang
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Division, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Lin KH, Lim YW. Post-poliomyelitis syndrome: case report and review of the literature. Ann Acad Med Singap 2005; 34:447-9. [PMID: 16123820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Postpoliomyelitis syndrome (PPS) refers to the new neuromuscular symptoms that occur in patients years after their acute poliomyelitis has stabilised. PPS cases seen now are probably related to the poliomyelitis epidemics of the 1940s and 1950s. CLINICAL PICTURE AND INVESTIGATION A 57-year-old Chinese man with a history of poliomyelitis affecting both lower limbs presented with left upper limb weakness. Physical examination revealed atrophy of his left upper limb muscles. There were fasciculations in the biceps and brachioradialis muscles. Electromyography revealed ongoing denervation neurogenic units in the C5 to TI myotomes comparable with PPS. CONCLUSION The aim of this paper is to review the present situation and to give a short summary of PPS, which can be difficult to diagnose because the symptoms of presentation are usually non-specific. We describe a case of PPS and review the current literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K H Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Changi General Hospital, Singapore
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
The aims were to prospectively assess the mortality risk following proximal hip fractures, identify factors predictive of increased mortality and to investigate the time trends in mortality with comparison to previous studies. Prospectively collected data from 68 consecutive patients who had been admitted to a regional hospital from May 2001 to September 2001 were reviewed. The mean age of the patients was 79.3 years old (range, 55-98) and 72.1% females. Patients were followed prospectively to determine the mortality risk associated with hip fracture over a two-year follow-up period. The acute in-hospital mortality rate at six months, one year and two years was 5.9% (4/68), 14.7% (10/68), 20.6% (14/68) and 25% (17/68) respectively. One-year and two-year mortality for those patients who were 80 or older was significantly higher than for other patients and the number of co-morbid illnesses also had significant effect. Cox regression was performed to determine the significant predictors for survival time. It was noted that patients 80 years or older were at higher risk of death compared with those less than 80 years as well as those with higher number of co-morbid illnesses. Our mortality rates have not declined in the past 10 years when compared with previous local studies. We conclude that for this group of patients studied, their mortality at one year and two years could be predicted by their age group and their number of co-morbid illnesses. (Hip International 2005; 15: 166-70).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K H Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Changi General Hospital - Singapore
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Tan SY, Lin KH. Johannes Evangelista Purkinje (1787-1869): 19th century's foremost phenomenologist. Singapore Med J 2005; 46:208-9. [PMID: 15858687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
|