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Iram T, Kern F, Kaur A, Myneni S, Morningstar AR, Shin H, Garcia MA, Yerra L, Palovics R, Yang AC, Hahn O, Lu N, Shuken SR, Haney MS, Lehallier B, Iyer M, Luo J, Zetterberg H, Keller A, Zuchero JB, Wyss-Coray T. Author Correction: Young CSF restores oligodendrogenesis and memory in aged mice via Fgf17. Nature 2023; 613:E1. [PMID: 36513761 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05630-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tal Iram
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Fabian Kern
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Clinical Bioinformatics, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)-Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University Campus, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Achint Kaur
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Saket Myneni
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Allison R Morningstar
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Heather Shin
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Miguel A Garcia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Lakshmi Yerra
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Robert Palovics
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Andrew C Yang
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Oliver Hahn
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nannan Lu
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Steven R Shuken
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michael S Haney
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Benoit Lehallier
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Manasi Iyer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Jian Luo
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden.,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
| | - Andreas Keller
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Clinical Bioinformatics, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)-Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University Campus, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Center for Bioinformatics, Saarland Informatics Campus, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - J Bradley Zuchero
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Tony Wyss-Coray
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Iram T, Kern F, Kaur A, Myneni S, Morningstar AR, Shin H, Garcia MA, Yerra L, Palovics R, Yang AC, Hahn O, Lu N, Shuken SR, Haney MS, Lehallier B, Iyer M, Luo J, Zetterberg H, Keller A, Zuchero JB, Wyss-Coray T. Young CSF restores oligodendrogenesis and memory in aged mice via Fgf17. Nature 2022; 605:509-515. [PMID: 35545674 PMCID: PMC9377328 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04722-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent understanding of how the systemic environment shapes the brain throughout life has led to numerous intervention strategies to slow brain ageing1-3. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) makes up the immediate environment of brain cells, providing them with nourishing compounds4,5. We discovered that infusing young CSF directly into aged brains improves memory function. Unbiased transcriptome analysis of the hippocampus identified oligodendrocytes to be most responsive to this rejuvenated CSF environment. We further showed that young CSF boosts oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) proliferation and differentiation in the aged hippocampus and in primary OPC cultures. Using SLAMseq to metabolically label nascent mRNA, we identified serum response factor (SRF), a transcription factor that drives actin cytoskeleton rearrangement, as a mediator of OPC proliferation following exposure to young CSF. With age, SRF expression decreases in hippocampal OPCs, and the pathway is induced by acute injection with young CSF. We screened for potential SRF activators in CSF and found that fibroblast growth factor 17 (Fgf17) infusion is sufficient to induce OPC proliferation and long-term memory consolidation in aged mice while Fgf17 blockade impairs cognition in young mice. These findings demonstrate the rejuvenating power of young CSF and identify Fgf17 as a key target to restore oligodendrocyte function in the ageing brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Iram
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA,Correspondence to or
| | - Fabian Kern
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.,Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.,Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University Campus E8.1, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Achint Kaur
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Saket Myneni
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Allison R. Morningstar
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Heather Shin
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Miguel A. Garcia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lakshmi Yerra
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA 94304
| | - Robert Palovics
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Andrew C. Yang
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Oliver Hahn
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Nannan Lu
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Steven R. Shuken
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA,Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michael s. Haney
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Benoit Lehallier
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Manasi Iyer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jian Luo
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.,Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA 94304
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
| | - Andreas Keller
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.,Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.,Center for Bioinformatics, Saarland Informatics Campus, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - J. Bradley Zuchero
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Tony Wyss-Coray
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA,Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.,Correspondence to or
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3
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Miguel ZD, Khoury N, Betley MJ, Lehallier B, Willoughby D, Olsson N, Yang AC, Hahn O, Lu N, Vest RT, Bonanno LN, Yerra L, Zhang L, Saw NL, Fairchild JK, Lee D, Zhang H, McAlpine PL, Contrepois K, Shamloo M, Elias JE, Rando TA, Wyss-Coray T. Exercise plasma boosts memory and dampens brain inflammation via clusterin. Nature 2021; 600:494-499. [PMID: 34880498 PMCID: PMC9721468 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04183-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Physical exercise is generally beneficial to all aspects of human and animal health, slowing cognitive ageing and neurodegeneration1. The cognitive benefits of physical exercise are tied to an increased plasticity and reduced inflammation within the hippocampus2-4, yet little is known about the factors and mechanisms that mediate these effects. Here we show that 'runner plasma', collected from voluntarily running mice and infused into sedentary mice, reduces baseline neuroinflammatory gene expression and experimentally induced brain inflammation. Plasma proteomic analysis revealed a concerted increase in complement cascade inhibitors including clusterin (CLU). Intravenously injected CLU binds to brain endothelial cells and reduces neuroinflammatory gene expression in a mouse model of acute brain inflammation and a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Patients with cognitive impairment who participated in structured exercise for 6 months had higher plasma levels of CLU. These findings demonstrate the existence of anti-inflammatory exercise factors that are transferrable, target the cerebrovasculature and benefit the brain, and are present in humans who engage in exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zurine De Miguel
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Present address: Psychology Department, California State University, Monterey Bay, CA, USA
| | - Nathalie Khoury
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,These authors contributed equally: Nathalie Khoury, Michael J. Betley
| | - Michael J. Betley
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Neurosciences Graduate Training Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,These authors contributed equally: Nathalie Khoury, Michael J. Betley
| | - Benoit Lehallier
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Present address: Alkahest Inc, San Carlos, CA, USA
| | - Drew Willoughby
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Niclas Olsson
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Present address: Calico Life Sciences, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andrew C. Yang
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Oliver Hahn
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nannan Lu
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ryan T. Vest
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Liana N. Bonanno
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lakshmi Yerra
- The Veterans Affairs Palo Alto HealthCare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | | | - Nay Lui Saw
- Behavioral and Functional Neuroscience Laboratory, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - J. Kaci Fairchild
- The Veterans Affairs Palo Alto HealthCare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Davis Lee
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Patrick L. McAlpine
- Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Research Division, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Mehrdad Shamloo
- Behavioral and Functional Neuroscience Laboratory, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Joshua E. Elias
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Thomas A. Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,The Veterans Affairs Palo Alto HealthCare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Tony Wyss-Coray
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Li L, Yerra L, Chang B, Mathur V, Nguyen A, Luo J. Acute and late administration of colony stimulating factor 1 attenuates chronic cognitive impairment following mild traumatic brain injury in mice. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 94:274-288. [PMID: 33540074 PMCID: PMC8058270 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of long-term neurological disability. Currently there is no effective pharmacological treatment for patients suffering from the long-lasting symptoms of TBI. We recently discovered that colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1), an essential regulator of macrophage homeostasis, is neuroprotective and reduces neuroinflammation in two models of neurological disease in mice. Here we used a mouse model of repetitive mild TBI (mTBI) to examine whether CSF1 would attenuate cognitive deficits and improve pathological outcomes in two paradigms. In the acute paradigm, a single bolus treatment of CSF1 administered 24 h after injury significantly reduces memory impairment and astrocyte reactivity assessed 3 months later. In the chronic paradigm, the mice were tested 3 months after mTBI when they showed cognitive deficits. The mice were then randomly assigned to receive CSF1 or PBS (as control) treatment. After one month of treatment, the PBS-treated mice remained cognitively impaired, but the CSF1-treated showed significant improvements in cognitive function. RNA-seq and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis reveals CSF1 treatment alters cognition- and memory-related transcriptomic changes and pathways. The results of this study show that acute as well as delayed CSF1 treatment attenuate chronically impaired cognitive functions and improve pathological outcomes long after mTBI. The wide therapeutic time window of CSF1, together with the fact that CSF1 is approved for human use in clinical trials, strongly supports the potential clinical usefulness of this treatment in patients with mTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jian Luo
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
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Krishnaswamy G, Kelley J, Yerra L, Smith JK, Chi DS. Human endothelium as a source of multifunctional cytokines: molecular regulation and possible role in human disease. J Interferon Cytokine Res 1999; 19:91-104. [PMID: 10090394 DOI: 10.1089/107999099314234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells, by virtue of their capacity to express adhesion molecules and cytokines, are intricately involved in inflammatory processes. Endothelial cells have been shown to express interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-11, IL-15, several colony-stimulating factors (CSF), granulocyte-CSF (G-CSF), macrophage CSF (M-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF), and the chemokines, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), RANTES, and growth-related oncogene protein-alpha (GRO-alpha). IL-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) produced by infiltrating inflammatory cells can induce endothelial cells to express several of these cytokines as well as adhesion molecules. Induction of these cytokines in endothelial cells has been demonstrated by such diverse processes as hypoxia and bacterial infection. Recent studies have demonstrated that adhesive interactions between endothelial cells and recruited inflammatory cells can also signal the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. This cross-talk between inflammatory cells and the endothelium may be critical to the development of chronic inflammatory states. Endothelial-derived cytokines may be involved in hematopoiesis, cellular chemotaxis and recruitment, bone resorption, coagulation, and the acute-phase protein synthesis. As many of these processes are critical to the maturation of an inflammatory and reparative state, it appears likely that endothelial-derived cytokines play a crucial role in several diseases, including atherosclerosis, graft rejection, asthma, vasculitis, and sepsis. Genetic and pharmacologic manipulation of endothelial-derived cytokines provides an additional approach to the management of chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Krishnaswamy
- Department of Internal Medicine, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City 37614-0622, USA.
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Krishnaswamy G, Smith JK, Mukkamala R, Hall K, Joyner W, Yerra L, Chi DS. Multifunctional cytokine expression by human coronary endothelium and regulation by monokines and glucocorticoids. Microvasc Res 1998; 55:189-200. [PMID: 9657919 DOI: 10.1006/mvre.1998.2079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Human endothelium is capable of expressing a variety of molecules, including cytokines and growth factors, critical to inflammation. This aspect of coronary endothelium has not been studied in detail. In this study, we report, for the first time, expression of multifunctional cytokines by human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC) and their regulation by inflammatory cytokines and glucocorticoids. We also compared expression of cytokine transcripts in two additional cell lines derived from pulmonary artery (HPAEC) and umbilical vein (HUVEC) endothelium. HCAEC expressed transcripts for interleukin 5 (IL-5), IL-6, IL-8, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) constitutively. Induction of IL-1alpha, IL-6, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and MCP-1 was seen following treatment with TNFalpha. We found no expression of IL-1RA, IL-2, IL-4, IL-13, TNF-alpha, or IFN-gamma in HCAEC. IL-1beta and TNF-alpha synergistically induced IL-6 and GM-CSF and additively induced IL-8 and MCP-1 production, while IL-2, IL-10, IFN-alpha, and IFN-gamma had little or no additional effects. Interestingly, no IL-1alpha or IL-5 protein product was found even after maximal stimulation of HCAEC. No significant differences were seen in the profile of cytokine genes expressed by HCAEC, HPAEC, or HUVEC. Glucocorticoids inhibited IL-8 production from all three cell lines. This study demonstrates that human coronary endothelial cells are capable of expressing a wide variety of multifunctional cytokines which may be of relevance to vascular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Krishnaswamy
- Department of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, USA
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7
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Abstract
Primary breast cancer in aberrant axillary breast tissue is rare. Breast cancer in the axilla is most often due to lymph node metastases from an ipsilateral breast tumor or from an occult primary lesion. We describe two patients with primary breast cancer in aberrant breast tissue in the axilla, and review the literature to define guidelines for diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Yerra
- Department of Internal Medicine, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City 37614-0622, USA
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