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Zhou SF, Huang C, Li SK, Long XL, Chen Y, Zhan ZF, Hu SX, Hu CS, Chen L, Wang SP, Fan LQ, Chen WJ, Gao LD, Zhu WB, Ma XJ. CBPH assay for the highest sensitive detection of SARS-COV-2 in the semen. Clin Chim Acta 2023:117415. [PMID: 37271272 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Great concerns have been raised on SARS-CoV-2 impact on men's andrological well-being, and many studies have attempted to determine whether SARS-CoV-2 is present in the semen and till now the data are unclear and somehow ambiguous. However, these studies used quantitative real-time (qRT) PCR, which is not sufficiently sensitive to detect nucleic acids in clinical samples with a low viral load. METHODS The clinical performance of various nucleic acid detection methods (qRT-PCR, OSN-qRT-PCR, cd-PCR, and CBPH) was assessed for SARS-CoV-2 using 236 clinical samples from laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases. Then, the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the semen of 12 recovering patients was investigated using qRT-PCR, OSN-qRT-PCR, cd-PCR, and CBPH in parallel using 24 paired semen, blood, throat swab, and urine samples. RESULTS The sensitivity and specificity along with AUC of CBPH was markedly higher than the other 3methods. Although qRT-PCR, OSN-qRT-PCR and cdPCR detected no SARS-CoV-2 RNA in throat swab, blood, urine, and semen samples of the 12 patients, CBPH detected the presence of SARS-CoV-2 genome fragments in semen samples, but not in paired urine samples, of 3 of 12 patients. The existing SARS-CoV-2 genome fragments were metabolized over time. CONCLUSIONS Both OSN-qRT-PCR and cdPCR had better performance than qRT-PCR, and CBPH had the highest diagnostic performance in detecting SARS-CoV-2, which contributed the most improvement to the determination of the critical value in gray area samples with low vrial load, which then provides a rational screening strategy for studying the clearance of coronavirus in the semen over time in patients recovering from COVID-19. Although the presence of SARS-CoV-2 fragments in the semen was demonstrated by CBPH, COVID-19 is unlikely to be sexually transmitted from male partners for at least 3 months after hospital discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai-Feng Zhou
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, Hunan 410005, China; Department of Parasitology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410005, China
| | - Chuan Huang
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Basic Medicine College, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410005,China; Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, Hunan 410005, China
| | - Shi-Kang Li
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, Hunan 410005, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Long
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, Hunan 410005, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, Hunan 410005, China
| | - Zhi-Fei Zhan
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, Hunan 410005, China
| | - Shi-Xiong Hu
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, Hunan 410005, China
| | - Chun-Sheng Hu
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, Hunan 410005, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Beijing Macroµ-test Bio-Tech Co., Ltd. Beijing 101300, China
| | - Shi-Ping Wang
- Department of Parasitology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410005, China
| | - Li-Qing Fan
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Basic Medicine College, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410005,China; Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, Hunan 410005, China
| | - Wei-Jun Chen
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences. No.19 Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Li-Dong Gao
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, Hunan 410005, China; Hunan New Outbreak Infectious Disease Prevention and Treatment Workstation of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Changsha, Hunan 410005, China
| | - Wen-Bing Zhu
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Basic Medicine College, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410005,China; Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, Hunan 410005, China
| | - Xue-Jun Ma
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.
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Huang T, Zhang S, Dai DF, Wang BS, Zhuang L, Huang HT, Wang ZF, Zhao JS, Li QP, Wu SP, Wang X, Zhang WD, Zhao ZH, Li H, Zhang YP, Yang XL, Jiang XY, Gou JB, Hou LH, Gao LD, Feng ZC. Safety and immunogenicity of heterologous boosting with orally aerosolised or intramuscular Ad5-nCoV vaccine and homologous boosting with inactivated vaccines (BBIBP-CorV or CoronaVac) in children and adolescents: a randomised, open-label, parallel-controlled, non-inferiority, single-centre study. Lancet Respir Med 2023:S2213-2600(23)00129-7. [PMID: 37209700 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(23)00129-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heterologous booster immunisation with orally administered aerosolised Ad5-nCoV vaccine (AAd5) has been shown to be safe and highly immunogenic in adults. Here, we aimed to assess the safety and immunogenicity of heterologous booster immunisation with orally administered AAd5 in children and adolescents aged 6-17 years who had received two doses of inactivated vaccine (BBIBP-CorV or CoronaVac). METHODS We did a randomised, open-label, parallel-controlled, non-inferiority study to assess the safety and immunogenicity of heterologous booster immunisation with AAd5 (0·1 mL) or intramuscular Ad5-nCoV vaccine (IMAd5; 0·3 mL) and homologous booster immunisation with inactivated vaccine (BBIBP-CorV or CoronaVac; 0·5 mL) in children (aged 6-12 years) and adolescents (aged 13-17 years) who had received two doses of inactivated vaccine at least 3 months earlier in Hunan, China. Children and adolescents who were previously immunised with two-dose BBIBP-CorV or CoronaVac were recruited for eligibility screening at least 3 months after the second dose. A stratified block method was used for randomisation, and participants were stratified by age and randomly assigned (3:1:1) to receive AAd5, IMAd5, or inactivated vaccine. The study staff and participants were not masked to treatment allocation. Laboratory and statistical staff were masked during the study. In this interim analysis, adverse events within 14 days and geometric mean titre (GMT) of serum neutralising antibodies on day 28 after the booster vaccination, based on the per-protocol population, were used as the primary outcomes. The analysis of non-inferiority was based on comparison using a one-sided 97·5% CI with a non-inferiority margin of 0·67. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05330871, and is ongoing. FINDINGS Between April 17 and May 28, 2022, 436 participants were screened and 360 were enrolled: 220 received AAd5, 70 received IMAd5, and 70 received inactivated vaccine. Within 14 days after booster vaccination, vaccine-related adverse reactions were reported: 35 adverse events (in 13 [12%] of 110 children and 22 [20%] of 110 adolescents) in 220 individuals in the AAd5 group, 35 (in 18 [51%] of 35 children and 17 [49%] of 35 adolescents) in 70 individuals in the IMAd5 group, and 13 (in five [14%] of 35 children and eight [23%] of 35 adolescents) in 70 individuals in the inactivated vaccine group. Solicited adverse reactions were also reported: 34 (13 [12%] of 110 children and 21 [10%] of 110 adolescents) in 220 individuals in the AAd5 group, 34 (17 [49%] of 35 children and 17 [49%] of 35 adolescents) in 70 individuals in the IMAd5 group, and 12 (five [14%] of 35 children and seven [20%] of 35 adolescents) in 70 individuals in the inactivated vaccine group. The GMTs of neutralising antibodies against ancestral SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan-Hu-1 (Pango lineage B) in the AAd5 group were significantly higher than the GMTs in the inactivated vaccine group (adjusted GMT ratio 10·2 [95% CI 8·0-13·1]; p<0·0001). INTERPRETATION Our study shows that a heterologous booster with AAd5 is safe and highly immunogenic against ancestral SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan-Hu-1 in children and adolescents. FUNDING National Key R&D Program of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Huang
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Faculty of Pediatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Birth Defects Prevention and Control of Key Technology, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Organ Failure, Beijing, China
| | - De-Fang Dai
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, China
| | - Bu-Sen Wang
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Zhuang
- Faculty of Pediatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Birth Defects Prevention and Control of Key Technology, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Organ Failure, Beijing, China
| | | | - Zhong-Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Laboratory, Bioland, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Shi Zhao
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, China
| | - Qiu-Ping Li
- Faculty of Pediatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Birth Defects Prevention and Control of Key Technology, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Organ Failure, Beijing, China
| | - Shi-Po Wu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Wang
- CanSino Biologics, Tianjin, China
| | - Wen-Dan Zhang
- Faculty of Pediatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Birth Defects Prevention and Control of Key Technology, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Organ Failure, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng-Hao Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Li
- CanSino Biologics, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan-Ping Zhang
- Faculty of Pediatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Birth Defects Prevention and Control of Key Technology, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Organ Failure, Beijing, China
| | - Xiu-Liang Yang
- Luxi County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Luxi, China
| | - Xin-Yang Jiang
- Faculty of Pediatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Birth Defects Prevention and Control of Key Technology, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Organ Failure, Beijing, China
| | | | - Li-Hua Hou
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Li-Dong Gao
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, China.
| | - Zhi-Chun Feng
- Faculty of Pediatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Birth Defects Prevention and Control of Key Technology, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Organ Failure, Beijing, China.
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Gao LD, Liu J, Huang YH, Wang BH. [Mechanism of Zicui Decoction in treatment of diabetic kidney disease based on network pharmacology and molecular docking]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2022; 47:3339-3347. [PMID: 35851128 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20211129.401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the potential mechanism of Zicui Decoction in the treatment of diabetic kidney disease(DKD) based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. The DKD-related targets were searched from DrugBank, Therapeutic Target Database(TTD), Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man Database(OMIM), GeneCards, DisGeNET, Comparative Toxico-genomics Database(CTD), and PharmGKB. The targets of the serum active ingredients of Zicui Decoction were predicted from the SwissTargetPrediction. The obtained results were then mapped to harvest the potential targets of Zicui Decoction against DKD. Cytoscape 3.8.2 was employed to construct the "serum active ingredient of Zicui Decoction-potential target-DKD" network. The protein-protein interaction(PPI) network was constructed using the STRING. The key targets were then subjected to Gene Ontology(GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) enrichment analysis using the DAVID V6.8 for uncovering its action mechanims. The serum active ingredients of Zicui Decoction were then docked to the core terget proteins with PyMOL and AutoDock Vina. The results of network analysis showed that there were 173 targets associated with 12 serum active ingredients and 6 756 targets related to DKD. The mapping revealed 124 potential targets, of which 26 were the key targets of Zicui Decoction against DKD and 3 were the core teargets. GO analysis yielded 34 entries(P≤0.01 and benjamini≤0.01), and in the treatment of DKD with Zicui Decoction, such biological processes as ERK cascade, regulation of apoptosis, proliferation and migration, and regulation of fibroblast proliferation and ligand receptor binding were involved. According to the KEGG analysis, 19 signaling pathways(P≤0.01 and benjamini≤0.01) were screened out, among which the PI3 K-Akt signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, Ras signaling pathway, and VEGF signaling pathway were closely associated with DKD. Molecular docking verified a good binding ability of the three serum active ingredients to the core targets. In conclusion, Zicui Decoction alleviates DKD possibly by inhibiting inflammation, regulating autophagy, and anti-fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Dong Gao
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin 300250, China
| | - Yu-Hong Huang
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin 300250, China
| | - Bao-He Wang
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin 300250, China
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Liu J, Gao LD, Fu B, Yang HT, Zhang L, Che SQ, Xu Y, Du X, Liu ZC, Xue Y, Lv CX, Huang YH, Wang BH, Gao SX, Xing YF, Yuan XH. Efficacy and safety of Zicuiyin decoction on diabetic kidney disease: A multicenter, randomized controlled trial. Phytomedicine 2022; 100:154079. [PMID: 35413644 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUD Zicuiyin (ZCY) decoction created by Xichun Zhang in the Qing dynasty has been used on diabetes mellitus and complications for more than two centuries in China. Huangkui capsule (HKC) is a listed Chinese patent medicine to treat diabetic kidney disease (DKD). To determine whether ZCY is non-inferior to HKC in the treatment of DKD, a multicenter, parallel-control, open-label, randomized clinical trial was conducted. METHODS In this clinical trial, 88 DKD patients were recruited at three centers in Tianjin from January 2018 to December 2019. They were randomized to receive HKC (2.5 g, TID) or ZCY (crude drug amount 75 g, 150 ml, BID) for eight weeks based on routine treatment. The primary outcome was the change of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The secondary outcomes included change of serum creatinine (SCr), urinary albumin excretion rate, 24 h urinary protein, urinary albumin-creatinine ratio, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c, symptom scores, and microbiota compositions profiles. RESULTS The change of eGFR in HKC and ZCY groups were -7.08 ± 24.65 and 2.57 ± 18.49 ml/min/1.73 m2, respectively (p < 0.05). The 95% lower confidence limit for the difference between the estimated means was 1.93 ml/min/1.73 m2, establishing the superiority of ZCY. Compared to HKC, ZCY could significantly decrease SCr and symptom scores (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in other outcomes between the two groups (p > 0.05). ZCY ameliorated gut microbiota dysbiosis, including increased Prevotellaceae and Lactobacillaceae and decreased Enterobacteriales, Clostridiaceae and Micrococcaceae. No severe adverse events were reported in any group. CONCLUSIONS ZCY had better efficacy in improving and protecting kidney function. It would be an alternative option to treat DKD, especially those who decline eGFR and gut microbiota dysbiosis. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR-OON-17012076. Registered July 21, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 69 Zengchan Road, Hebei District, Tianjin 300250, China
| | - Li-Dong Gao
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Bin Fu
- Nephrology Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 69 Zengchan Road, Hebei District, Tianjin 300250, China
| | - Hong-Tao Yang
- Nephrology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 88 ChangLing Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Nephrology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 88 ChangLing Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Shu-Qiang Che
- Nephrology Department, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, 354 Beima Road, Hongqiao District, Tianjin 300120, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Nephrology Department, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, 354 Beima Road, Hongqiao District, Tianjin 300120, China
| | - Xi Du
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 69 Zengchan Road, Hebei District, Tianjin 300250, China
| | - Zhi-Chao Liu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yu Xue
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Chun-Xiao Lv
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 69 Zengchan Road, Hebei District, Tianjin 300250, China
| | - Yu-Hong Huang
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 69 Zengchan Road, Hebei District, Tianjin 300250, China.
| | - Bao-He Wang
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 69 Zengchan Road, Hebei District, Tianjin 300250, China
| | - Shi-Xing Gao
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yong-Fa Xing
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 69 Zengchan Road, Hebei District, Tianjin 300250, China
| | - Xin-Hui Yuan
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
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Huang C, Zhou SF, Gao LD, Li SK, Cheng Y, Zhou WJ, Huang ZH, Ji XR, Fan LQ, Zhang F, Chen ZW, Zhan ZF, Hu SX, Wang SP, Ma XJ, Zhu WB. Risks associated with cryopreserved semen in a human sperm bank during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Reprod Biomed Online 2021; 42:589-594. [PMID: 33384268 PMCID: PMC7713547 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2020.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION What are the risks associated with cryopreserved semen collected during and after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic wave in Wuhan, China? DESIGN Retrospective cohort study involving young adult men who were qualified sperm donors at the Hunan Province Human Sperm Bank (China) during the pandemic wave (1 January 2020 to 30 January 2020) and after the wave and return to work (7 April 2020 to 30 May 30 2020). One hundred paired semen and blood specimens from 100 donors were included. One-step single-tube nested quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (OSN-qRT-PCR) was used to detect SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, to control the unacceptable risk of false-negative results, a second round of screening was performed with pooled RNA from negative semen samples using crystal digital PCR (cd-PCR). RESULTS For individual blood and semen samples, the target genes, namely the nucleocapsid protein (N) and open reading frame (ORF-1ab) genes, tested negative in all of the 100 paired samples. Further, as per cd-PCR results, there were >20,000 droplets per well in the RNA for each combined sample and no positive droplets were present for either of the aforementioned target genes. A total of 100 paired semen and blood samples from these two groups tested negative for SARS-CoV-2. CONCLUSIONS Cryopreserved semen at the Hunan Province Human Sperm Bank during and after the COVID-19 pandemic wave was free of SARS-CoV-2 and was judged safe for external use in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Huang
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Basic Medicine College, Central South University, Changsha Hunan 410005, China; Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, ChangshaHunan 410005, China
| | - Shuai-Feng Zhou
- Department of Parasitology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, ChangshaHunan 410005, China; Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha Hunan 410005, China
| | - Li-Dong Gao
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha Hunan 410005, China; Hunan New Outbreak Infectious Disease Prevention and Treatment Workstation of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Changsha, Hunan 410005, China
| | - Shi-Kang Li
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha Hunan 410005, China
| | - Yu Cheng
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha Hunan 410005, China
| | - Wen-Jun Zhou
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Basic Medicine College, Central South University, Changsha Hunan 410005, China
| | - Zeng-Hui Huang
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Basic Medicine College, Central South University, Changsha Hunan 410005, China; Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, ChangshaHunan 410005, China
| | - Xi-Ren Ji
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Basic Medicine College, Central South University, Changsha Hunan 410005, China
| | - Li-Qing Fan
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Basic Medicine College, Central South University, Changsha Hunan 410005, China; Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, ChangshaHunan 410005, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha Hunan 410005, China
| | - Zi-Wei Chen
- Clinical Laboratory, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha Hunan 410013, China
| | - Zhi-Fei Zhan
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha Hunan 410005, China
| | - Shi-Xiong Hu
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha Hunan 410005, China
| | - Shi-Ping Wang
- Department of Parasitology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, ChangshaHunan 410005, China.
| | - Xue-Jun Ma
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Wen-Bing Zhu
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Basic Medicine College, Central South University, Changsha Hunan 410005, China; Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, ChangshaHunan 410005, China.
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Cai L, Zhang HJ, He FL, Feng YY, Hu SX, Wang J, Liu FQ, Jiang YL, Tan XL, Pan HM, Tang BB, Yang H, Long HY, Zhan ZF, Gao LD. [Epidemiological and virus molecular characterization of dengue fever outbreak in Hunan province, 2018]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2020; 41:2119-2124. [PMID: 33378826 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200107-00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of a dengue fever outbreak in Hunan province in 2018. Methods: Real-time PCR assay was performed for the laboratory diagnosis of 8 suspected dengue fever cases. Etiological surveillance was performed in 186 suspected dengue fever cases and fever cases who had close contacts with dengue fever patients. C6/36 cells was used for the virus isolation from acute phase serum. By sequencing the full length of E genes of 15 dengue virus strains, phylogenetic analysis was performed based on the sequences obtained, including reference sequences from the NCBI GenBank database, the serotypes and gene subtypes of the virus were analyzed to trace the possible source of transmission. An emergency monitoring of vector density and a retrospective survey of sero-epidemiology in healthy population were conducted in the epidemic area. Results: In the serum samples of 8 suspected patients, 6 were dengue virus RNA positive, and 4 were NS1 antigen positive. In 186 suspected patients, 96 were dengue virus nucleic acid, NS1 antigen or antibody positive in etiological test. A total of 64 dengue virus strains were isolated. The phylogenetic analysis showed that all the dengue virus strains belonged to type 2, which might be from Guangdong or Zhejiang provinces. The Bretub index was up to 65, indicating an extremely high risk of transmission. The positive rate of the dengue virus IgG antibody was 0.53%(2/377) in retrospective survey of 377 healthy people. Conclusion: The field epidemiologic and the molecular genetics analyses showed the outbreak of dengue fever in Hunan in 2018 was caused by imported cases and dengue virus 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Cai
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha 410005, China
| | - H J Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha 410005, China
| | - F L He
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Y Y Feng
- Qiyang Country Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Yongzhou, Qiyang 426100, China
| | - S X Hu
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha 410005, China
| | - J Wang
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha 410005, China
| | - F Q Liu
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Y L Jiang
- Yongzhou Prefectural Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yongzhou 425000, China
| | - X L Tan
- Yongzhou Prefectural Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yongzhou 425000, China
| | - H M Pan
- Qiyang Country Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Yongzhou, Qiyang 426100, China
| | - B B Tang
- Qiyang Country Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Yongzhou, Qiyang 426100, China
| | - H Yang
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha 410005, China
| | - H Y Long
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Z F Zhan
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha 410005, China
| | - L D Gao
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha 410005, China
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7
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Zhao ZY, Zhu YZ, Xu JW, Hu SX, Hu QQ, Lei Z, Rui J, Liu XC, Wang Y, Yang M, Luo L, Yu SS, Li J, Liu RY, Xie F, Su YY, Chiang YC, Zhao BH, Cui JA, Yin L, Su YH, Zhao QL, Gao LD, Chen TM. A five-compartment model of age-specific transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2. Infect Dis Poverty 2020; 9:117. [PMID: 32843094 PMCID: PMC7447599 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-020-00735-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, also called 2019-nCoV) causes different morbidity risks to individuals in different age groups. This study attempts to quantify the age-specific transmissibility using a mathematical model. METHODS An epidemiological model with five compartments (susceptible-exposed-symptomatic-asymptomatic-recovered/removed [SEIAR]) was developed based on observed transmission features. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases were divided into four age groups: group 1, those ≤ 14 years old; group 2, those 15 to 44 years old; group 3, those 45 to 64 years old; and group 4, those ≥ 65 years old. The model was initially based on cases (including imported cases and secondary cases) collected in Hunan Province from January 5 to February 19, 2020. Another dataset, from Jilin Province, was used to test the model. RESULTS The age-specific SEIAR model fitted the data well in each age group (P < 0.001). In Hunan Province, the highest transmissibility was from age group 4 to 3 (median: β43 = 7.71 × 10- 9; SAR43 = 3.86 × 10- 8), followed by group 3 to 4 (median: β34 = 3.07 × 10- 9; SAR34 = 1.53 × 10- 8), group 2 to 2 (median: β22 = 1.24 × 10- 9; SAR22 = 6.21 × 10- 9), and group 3 to 1 (median: β31 = 4.10 × 10- 10; SAR31 = 2.08 × 10- 9). The lowest transmissibility was from age group 3 to 3 (median: β33 = 1.64 × 10- 19; SAR33 = 8.19 × 10- 19), followed by group 4 to 4 (median: β44 = 3.66 × 10- 17; SAR44 = 1.83 × 10- 16), group 3 to 2 (median: β32 = 1.21 × 10- 16; SAR32 = 6.06 × 10- 16), and group 1 to 4 (median: β14 = 7.20 × 10- 14; SAR14 = 3.60 × 10- 13). In Jilin Province, the highest transmissibility occurred from age group 4 to 4 (median: β43 = 4.27 × 10- 8; SAR43 = 2.13 × 10- 7), followed by group 3 to 4 (median: β34 = 1.81 × 10- 8; SAR34 = 9.03 × 10- 8). CONCLUSIONS SARS-CoV-2 exhibits high transmissibility between middle-aged (45 to 64 years old) and elderly (≥ 65 years old) people. Children (≤ 14 years old) have very low susceptibility to COVID-19. This study will improve our understanding of the transmission feature of SARS-CoV-2 in different age groups and suggest the most prevention measures should be applied to middle-aged and elderly people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Yu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 4221-117 South Xiang’an Road, Xiang’an District, Xiamen City, 361102 Fujian Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Zhao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 4221-117 South Xiang’an Road, Xiang’an District, Xiamen City, 361102 Fujian Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing-Wen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 4221-117 South Xiang’an Road, Xiang’an District, Xiamen City, 361102 Fujian Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Shi-Xiong Hu
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 405 Furong Middle Road Section One, Kaifu District, Changsha City, 410001 Hunan Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing-Qing Hu
- Division of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Utah, 201 Presidents Circle, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA
| | - Zhao Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 4221-117 South Xiang’an Road, Xiang’an District, Xiamen City, 361102 Fujian Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Rui
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 4221-117 South Xiang’an Road, Xiang’an District, Xiamen City, 361102 Fujian Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Xing-Chun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 4221-117 South Xiang’an Road, Xiang’an District, Xiamen City, 361102 Fujian Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Yao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 4221-117 South Xiang’an Road, Xiang’an District, Xiamen City, 361102 Fujian Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 4221-117 South Xiang’an Road, Xiang’an District, Xiamen City, 361102 Fujian Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 4221-117 South Xiang’an Road, Xiang’an District, Xiamen City, 361102 Fujian Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Shan-Shan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 4221-117 South Xiang’an Road, Xiang’an District, Xiamen City, 361102 Fujian Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 4221-117 South Xiang’an Road, Xiang’an District, Xiamen City, 361102 Fujian Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruo-Yun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 4221-117 South Xiang’an Road, Xiang’an District, Xiamen City, 361102 Fujian Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 4221-117 South Xiang’an Road, Xiang’an District, Xiamen City, 361102 Fujian Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying-Ying Su
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 4221-117 South Xiang’an Road, Xiang’an District, Xiamen City, 361102 Fujian Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi-Chen Chiang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 4221-117 South Xiang’an Road, Xiang’an District, Xiamen City, 361102 Fujian Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Ben-Hua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 4221-117 South Xiang’an Road, Xiang’an District, Xiamen City, 361102 Fujian Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing-An Cui
- Department of Mathematics, School of Science, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Yin
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Hua Su
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 4221-117 South Xiang’an Road, Xiang’an District, Xiamen City, 361102 Fujian Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing-Long Zhao
- Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3145 Jingyang Big Road, Lvyuan District, Changchun, 130062 Jilin Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Dong Gao
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 405 Furong Middle Road Section One, Kaifu District, Changsha City, 410001 Hunan Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Tian-Mu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 4221-117 South Xiang’an Road, Xiang’an District, Xiamen City, 361102 Fujian Province People’s Republic of China
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Li DF, Shen T, Zhang Y, Wu HY, Gao LD, Wang DM, Li ZJ, Yin WW, Yu HJ, Song T, Ou JM, Li Q, Li Q, Xie SY, Lei J, Luo HM. [Strategy for prevention and control of imported infectious disease]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2019; 39:1291-1297. [PMID: 30453425 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The process of globalization increases the risk of global transmission of infectious diseases, resulting in pressure for country's prevention and control of imported infectious disease. Based on the risk assessment of disease importation and local transmission, a strategy that conducting importation prevention and routine prevention and control before the importation of disease and taking emergency control measures after the importation of disease was developed. In addition, it is important to take part in global infectious disease response action, aid the countries with outbreak or epidemic to actively decrease the risk of disease importation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D F Li
- Department of Education and Training, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; Section of Epidemic Disease Control and Prevention, Chaozhou Prefectural Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chaozhou 521000, China
| | - T Shen
- Department of Education and Training, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China
| | - H Y Wu
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - L D Gao
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha 410005, China
| | - D M Wang
- Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Z J Li
- Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - W W Yin
- Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - H J Yu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - T Song
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - J M Ou
- Office of Health Emergency, Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Q Li
- Center of Health Emergency, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Q Li
- Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - S Y Xie
- Department of Immunization Program, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - J Lei
- General Office, Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan 250014, China
| | - H M Luo
- Department of Education and Training, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
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9
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Cai L, Zhang H, Gao LD, Hu SX, Xie LY, Zhan ZF, He FL, Zhang F, Deng ZH, Sun QL, Wu JR, Long SX, Pan ZH, Cao WM, Liu JH, Luo QZ, Wang J, Zou Y. Identification of the first case of SFTSV infection in the Hunan Province of China and epidemiological surveillance in the locality. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2018; 10:454-461. [PMID: 30611724 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study reports the etiological identification, clinical diagnosis, and the results of the local epidemiological surveillance of the first case of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) infection in 2014 in Hunan Province, China. The infected patient was isolated and closely monitored. The virus is a member of the Bunyaviridae sandfly family and is characterized by real-time PCR, electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, and whole-genome sequencing. We also detected IgG and IgM antibodies against SFTSV among the local human population and domestic animals in a serological surveillance. Prevalence of SFTSV-specific antibodies was monitored in the local population for two years after the identification of the first SFTS case. Approximately 5% (4/77) of the people who had direct contact with the patient were seropositive, which is significantly higher than the seropositivity of the general local population [1.57% (44/2800), P < 0.05]. Furthermore, the percentage of the general population who were seropositive was higher in 2015 than in 2014 (χ2 = 7.481, P = 0.006). The epidemiological investigation found that the SFTSV is epidemic in goats, cattle, and chickens in Hunan Province. The risk of infection of domestic animals can be minimized by feeding in pens rather than allowing foraging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Cai
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China; Microbiology Laboratory, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hunan Province, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Microbiology Laboratory, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hunan Province, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Dong Gao
- Microbiology Laboratory, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hunan Province, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Xiong Hu
- Microbiology Laboratory, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hunan Province, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang-Yi Xie
- Department of Clinical Examination, The People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Fei Zhan
- Microbiology Laboratory, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hunan Province, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang-Ling He
- Microbiology Laboratory, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hunan Province, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Microbiology Laboratory, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hunan Province, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Hong Deng
- Microbiology Laboratory, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hunan Province, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian-Lai Sun
- Microbiology Laboratory, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hunan Province, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Ru Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases Control, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Loudi, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Xuan Long
- Department of Infectious Diseases Control, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Loudi, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Hui Pan
- Department of Infectious Diseases Control, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinhua County, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Min Cao
- Department of Infectious Diseases Control, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinhua County, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Hui Liu
- Microbiology Laboratory, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hunan Province, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi-Zhi Luo
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yizhou Zou
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Luo KW, Gao LD, Hu SX, Zhang H, Deng ZH, Huang W, Sun QL, Zhang F, Zhang SY, Chen Y. Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease in Hunan Province, China, 2009-2014: Epidemiology and Death Risk Factors. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167269. [PMID: 27898715 PMCID: PMC5127556 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is an arising public health problem in Asia, including China. Epidemiological data is necessary to enable judicious public health responses and interventions. We analyzed the epidemiological and laboratory data of 759,301 HFMD cases reported to the Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention from 1 January 2009 to 31 December 2014. Univariate and multivariable conditional logistic regression analyses were used to identify risk factors of fatality in HFMD. The incidence of HFMD was highest among children aged 1-3 years, compared with other age groups. Of the total HFMD cases, 7,222 (0.95%) were considered severe and 338 (0.04%) were fatal. Enterovirus-A71 was the major cause of severe and fatal cases (65.75% and 88.78%, respectively). For severe cases, the median time from symptom onset to diagnosis was 0.5 days (interquartile range [IQR] 0-1.5 days); the median time from diagnosis to severe illness was 2 days (IQR 1-3 days). For fatal cases, the median time from symptom onset to diagnosis was 0.5 days (IQR 0-1.5 days); the median time from diagnosis to death was 1.5 days (IQR 0.5-2.5 days). In multivariable analysis, the abuse of antibiotic, glucocorticoid and pyrazolone in village clinics at basic medical institutions were identified as independent risk factors for HFMD fatal cases. In conclusion, our results suggest that the future direction to control and respond to HFMD is intensive surveillance of enterovirus-A71 and improving the ability to diagnose disease and treat patients, especially in basic medical institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Wei Luo
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hunan, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Li-Dong Gao
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hunan, China
| | - Shi-Xiong Hu
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hunan, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Deng
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hunan, China
| | - Qian-Lai Sun
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hunan, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hunan, China
| | - Si-Yu Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hunan, China
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11
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Long L, Gao LD, Hu SX, Luo KW, Chen ZH, Ronsmans C, Zhou DL, Lan YJ. Risk factors for death in children with severe hand, foot, and mouth disease in Hunan, China. Infect Dis (Lond) 2016; 48:744-8. [PMID: 27195893 DOI: 10.1080/23744235.2016.1185801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, outbreaks of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) have increased throughout East and Southeast Asia, especially in mainland China. The disease now presents as an increasingly serious public health threat in China. METHODS A case-control study was designed to examine risk factors associated with death from severe HFMD. A total of 553 severe HFMD cases were collected from the National Surveillance System. RESULTS Multifactorial logistic regression was used to analyse independent associations between potential influence factors and death from severe HFMD. We found that the migrants were more likely to die from severe HFMD than the resident population (OR = 3.07, 95%CI: 1.39-8.32). Additionally, the children whose first visit was to a village-level clinic had a high risk of death from severe HFMD. Patients with EV71 infection or symptoms of convulsion, dyspnoea, cyanosis, coolness of extremities, and vomiting had an increased risk of death from severe HFMD. While breastfeeding children, having a confirmed diagnosis at the first visit to the hospital and with symptom of hyperarousal were identified as protective factors for death from severe HFMD. CONCLUSIONS To reduce the mortality from severe HFMD, doctors and health care providers need to pay attention to the patients with EV71 infection or with symptoms of convulsion, dyspnoea, cyanosis, coolness of extremities, and vomiting. Health administration departments should pay more attention to the rational allocation of health resources. Furthermore, they should increase financial support and manpower in village-level health institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Long
- a Department of Environmental and Occupational Health , West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University , Sichuan , China
| | - Li-Dong Gao
- b Department of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control , Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Hunan , China
| | - Shi-Xiong Hu
- b Department of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control , Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Hunan , China
| | - Kai-Wei Luo
- b Department of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control , Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Hunan , China
| | - Zhen-Hua Chen
- c Department of Microbiology Laboratory , Chengdu Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Sichuan , China
| | - Carine Ronsmans
- d Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology , London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine , London , United Kingdom ;,e Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health , Sichuan University , Sichuan , China
| | - Ding-Lun Zhou
- a Department of Environmental and Occupational Health , West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University , Sichuan , China
| | - Ya-Jia Lan
- a Department of Environmental and Occupational Health , West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University , Sichuan , China
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12
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Xiao H, Huang R, Gao LD, Huang CR, Lin XL, Li N, Liu HN, Tong SL, Tian HY. Effects of Humidity Variation on the Hantavirus Infection and Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome Occurrence in Subtropical China. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2015; 94:420-7. [PMID: 26711521 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection rates of rodents have a significant influence on the transmission of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). In this study, four cities and two counties with high HFRS incidence in eastern Hunan Province in China were studied, and surveillance data of rodents, as well as HFRS cases and related environmental variables from 2007 to 2010, were collected. Results indicate that the distribution and infection rates of rodents are closely associated with environmental conditions. Hantavirus infections in rodents were positively correlated with temperature vegetation dryness index and negatively correlated with elevation. The predictive risk maps based on multivariate regression model revealed that the annual variation of infection risks is small, whereas monthly variation is large and corresponded well to the seasonal variation of human HFRS incidence. The identification of risk factors and risk prediction provides decision support for rodent surveillance and the prevention and control of HFRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xiao
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China; Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, China; School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Weizikeng Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; School of Public Health and Social Work, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Ru Huang
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China; Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, China; School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Weizikeng Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; School of Public Health and Social Work, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Dong Gao
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China; Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, China; School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Weizikeng Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; School of Public Health and Social Work, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Cun-Rui Huang
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China; Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, China; School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Weizikeng Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; School of Public Health and Social Work, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Lin
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China; Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, China; School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Weizikeng Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; School of Public Health and Social Work, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Na Li
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China; Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, China; School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Weizikeng Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; School of Public Health and Social Work, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Ning Liu
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China; Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, China; School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Weizikeng Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; School of Public Health and Social Work, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Shi-Lu Tong
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China; Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, China; School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Weizikeng Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; School of Public Health and Social Work, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Huai-Yu Tian
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China; Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, China; School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Weizikeng Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; School of Public Health and Social Work, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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13
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Liu HN, Gao LD, Chowell G, Hu SX, Lin XL, Li XJ, Ma GH, Huang R, Yang HS, Tian H, Xiao H. Time-specific ecologic niche models forecast the risk of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Dongting Lake district, China, 2005-2010. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106839. [PMID: 25184252 PMCID: PMC4153722 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), a rodent-borne infectious disease, is one of the most serious public health threats in China. Increasing our understanding of the spatial and temporal patterns of HFRS infections could guide local prevention and control strategies. Methodology/Principal Findings We employed statistical models to analyze HFRS case data together with environmental data from the Dongting Lake district during 2005–2010. Specifically, time-specific ecologic niche models (ENMs) were used to quantify and identify risk factors associated with HFRS transmission as well as forecast seasonal variation in risk across geographic areas. Results showed that the Maximum Entropy model provided the best predictive ability (AUC = 0.755). Time-specific Maximum Entropy models showed that the potential risk areas of HFRS significantly varied across seasons. High-risk areas were mainly found in the southeastern and southwestern areas of the Dongting Lake district. Our findings based on models focused on the spring and winter seasons showed particularly good performance. The potential risk areas were smaller in March, May and August compared with those identified for June, July and October to December. Both normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and land use types were found to be the dominant risk factors. Conclusions/Significance Our findings indicate that time-specific ENMs provide a useful tool to forecast the spatial and temporal risk of HFRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ning Liu
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Li-Dong Gao
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, China
| | - Gerardo Chowell
- Division of International Epidemiology and Population Studies, Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Simon A. Levin Mathematical, Computational & Modeling Sciences Center, School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Shi-Xiong Hu
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Lin
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiu-Jun Li
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Gui-Hua Ma
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Ru Huang
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui-Suo Yang
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Beijing Military Region, Beijing, China
| | - Huaiyu Tian
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Hong Xiao
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- * E-mail:
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Gao LD, Hu SX, Zhang H, Luo KW, Liu YZ, Xu QH, Huang W, Deng ZH, Zhou SF, Liu FQ, Zhang F, Chen Y. Correlation analysis of EV71 detection and case severity in hand, foot, and mouth disease in the Hunan Province of China. PLoS One 2014; 9:e100003. [PMID: 24941257 PMCID: PMC4062471 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An increase in the incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) cases has been observed in the Hunan province of mainland China since 2009 with a particularly higher level of severe cases in 2010-2012. Intestinal viruses of the picornaviridae family are responsible for the human syndrome associated with HFMD with enterovirus 71 (EV71) and Coxsackievirus A16 (Cox A16) being the most common causative strains. HFMD cases associated with EV71 are generally more severe with an increased association of morbidity and mortality. In this study, the etiology surveillance data of HFMD cases in Hunan province from March 2010 to October 2012 were analyzed to determine if there is a statistically relevant linear correlation exists between the detection rate of EV71 in mild cases and the proportion of severe cases among all HFMD patients. As the cases progressed from mild to severe to fatal, the likelihood of EV71 detection increased (25.78%, 52.20% and 84.18%, respectively). For all cases in the timeframe evaluated in this study, the presence of virus was detected in 63.21% of cases; among cases showing positivity for virus, EV71 infection accounted for 50.14%. These results provide evidence to support the observed higher morbidity and mortality associated with this outbreak and emphasizes the importance of early detection in order to implement necessary prevention measures to mitigate disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Dong Gao
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hunan, China
| | - Shi-Xiong Hu
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hunan, China
| | - Kai-Wei Luo
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hunan, China
| | - Yun-Zhi Liu
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hunan, China
| | - Qiao-Hua Xu
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hunan, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Deng
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hunan, China
| | - Shuai-Feng Zhou
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hunan, China
| | - Fu-Qiang Liu
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hunan, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hunan, China
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Xiao H, Tian HY, Gao LD, Liu HN, Duan LS, Basta N, Cazelles B, Li XJ, Lin XL, Wu HW, Chen BY, Yang HS, Xu B, Grenfell B. Animal reservoir, natural and socioeconomic variations and the transmission of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Chenzhou, China, 2006-2010. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2014; 8:e2615. [PMID: 24421910 PMCID: PMC3888453 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background China has the highest incidence of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) worldwide. Reported cases account for 90% of the total number of global cases. By 2010, approximately 1.4 million HFRS cases had been reported in China. This study aimed to explore the effect of the rodent reservoir, and natural and socioeconomic variables, on the transmission pattern of HFRS. Methodology/Principal Findings Data on monthly HFRS cases were collected from 2006 to 2010. Dynamic rodent monitoring data, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data, climate data, and socioeconomic data were also obtained. Principal component analysis was performed, and the time-lag relationships between the extracted principal components and HFRS cases were analyzed. Polynomial distributed lag (PDL) models were used to fit and forecast HFRS transmission. Four principal components were extracted. Component 1 (F1) represented rodent density, the NDVI, and monthly average temperature. Component 2 (F2) represented monthly average rainfall and monthly average relative humidity. Component 3 (F3) represented rodent density and monthly average relative humidity. The last component (F4) represented gross domestic product and the urbanization rate. F2, F3, and F4 were significantly correlated, with the monthly HFRS incidence with lags of 4 months (r = −0.289, P<0.05), 5 months (r = −0.523, P<0.001), and 0 months (r = −0.376, P<0.01), respectively. F1 was correlated with the monthly HFRS incidence, with a lag of 4 months (r = 0.179, P = 0.192). Multivariate PDL modeling revealed that the four principal components were significantly associated with the transmission of HFRS. Conclusions The monthly trend in HFRS cases was significantly associated with the local rodent reservoir, climatic factors, the NDVI, and socioeconomic conditions present during the previous months. The findings of this study may facilitate the development of early warning systems for the control and prevention of HFRS and similar diseases. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), a rodent-borne disease caused by hantaviruses, is characterized by fever, haemorrhage, headache, back pain, abdominal pain, and acute kidney injury. China has the highest incidence of HFRS worldwide. Reported cases account for 90% of the total global cases. Approximately 1.4 million HFRS cases were reported in China between 1950 and 2010. During the same time period, >46 000 people died from HFRS, and the fatality rate was 3.29%. A great deal of interest and excitement has developed recently for understanding the role of the environment in the transmission of HFRS. Our article provides evidence that rodent density and behavior depend on natural factors. Changes in animal reservoirs may lead to the emergence of new epidemics and threats to human health. However, economic development may promote a more residential environment, which could inhibit disease transmission from animals to humans by limiting their contact. We combined data about the rodent reservoir, the natural environment, and socioeconomic factors in the model. The results will be helpful for making and prioritizing preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xiao
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Huai-Yu Tian
- College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China ; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Dong Gao
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, China
| | - Hai-Ning Liu
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Liang-Song Duan
- Chenzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chenzhou, China
| | - Nicole Basta
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America ; Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Bernard Cazelles
- Ecologie and Evolution, UMR 7625, UPMC-ENS, Paris, France ; UMMISCO UMI 209 IRD - UPMC, Bondy, France
| | - Xiu-Jun Li
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Lin
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Hong-Wei Wu
- Chenzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chenzhou, China
| | - Bi-Yun Chen
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, China
| | - Hui-Suo Yang
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bing Xu
- College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China ; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Bryan Grenfell
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America ; Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the expression of the mismatch repair proteins hMSH2 and nm23 in sporadic colorectal cancer, determine any inter-relationship, and further investigate any clinical significance. METHODS Expression of hMSH2 and nm23 proteins was assessed in 87 colorectal cancer tissues by SP immunohistochemistry, with analysis of survival using follow-up data. RESULTS In the sporadic colorectal cancer tissues, nm23 protein expression appeared independent of the histological type (P > 0.05), but correlated with the invasion depth and lymphatic metastasis (P < 0.05). In contrast, hMSH2 protein expression was not significantly correlated with these clinicopathologic features (P > 0.05), although it positively correlated with that of nm23 protein in the sporadic colorectal cancers (rs=0.635, P < 0.05). Combined expression of the two was found to be related with invasion depth, lymphatic metastasis and prognosis of sporadic colorectal cancer (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION nm23 protein level was related with the degree of malignancy, and could be used as an index to predict the invasion and metastasis potential. The expression of hMSH2 protein is positively correlated that of nm23 protein, and the combined expression of the two has certain guiding significance for the prognosis of sporadic colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Wei Wu
- Department of Oncology, 2Department of Pathology, Yingkou Central Hospital, Yingkou, Liaoning, China.
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17
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Xiao H, Tian HY, Cazelles B, Li XJ, Tong SL, Gao LD, Qin JX, Lin XL, Liu HN, Zhang XX. Atmospheric moisture variability and transmission of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Changsha City, Mainland China, 1991-2010. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2013; 7:e2260. [PMID: 23755316 PMCID: PMC3674989 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The transmission of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is influenced by environmental determinants. This study aimed to explore the association between atmospheric moisture variability and the transmission of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) for the period of 1991–2010 in Changsha, China. Methods and Findings Wavelet analyses were performed by using monthly reported time series data of HFRS cases to detect and quantify the periodicity of HFRS. A generalized linear model with a Poisson distribution and a log link model were used to quantify the relationship between climate and HFRS cases, highlighting the importance of moisture conditions. There was a continuous annual oscillation mode and multi-annual cycle around 3–4 years from 1994 to 1999. There was a significant association of HFRS incidence with moisture conditions and the Multivariate El Niño–Southern Oscillation Index (MEI). Particularly, atmospheric moisture has a significant effect on the propagation of HFRS; annual incidence of HFRS was positively correlated with annual precipitation and annual mean absolute humidity. Conclusions The final model had good accuracy in forecasting the occurrence of HFRS and moisture condition can be used in disease surveillance and risk management to provide early warning of potential epidemics of this disease. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), a rodentborne disease caused by Hantaviruses, is characterized by fever, haemorrhage, headache, back pain, abdominal pain, and acute kidney injury. At present, it is endemic in all 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and metropolitan areas in mainland China where human cases account for 90% of the total global cases. Infection rates and population dynamics of hosts are thought to be influenced by climatic factors, especially humidity. Some studies have found that hantaviruses are limited in their spread to high-humidity environments for extended ex vivo stability. Here we provide the evidence that HFRS incidence was strongly associated with moisture conditions, including seasonal variation and annual situation, in Changsha, mainland China, 1991–2010. The results most likely indicate that moisture not only influences growth of food sources that determine rodent population size, thereby affecting the HFRS transmission, but also directly influences rodent activity and hantavirus infectivity. These findings offer insights in understanding possible causes of HFRS transmission, and can be used in disease surveillance and risk management to provide early warning of potential epidemics of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xiao
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- * E-mail: (HX); (HYT)
| | - Huai-Yu Tian
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- * E-mail: (HX); (HYT)
| | - Bernard Cazelles
- Ecologie & Evolution, UMR 7625, UPMC-ENS, Paris, France
- UMMISCO UMI 209 IRD - UPMC, Bondy, France
| | - Xiu-Jun Li
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shi-Lu Tong
- School of Public Health and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Li-Dong Gao
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, China
| | - Jian-Xin Qin
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Lin
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Hai-Ning Liu
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Xi-Xing Zhang
- Changsha Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha , China
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18
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Xiao H, Liu HN, Gao LD, Huang CR, Li Z, Lin XL, Chen BY, Tian HY. Investigating the effects of food available and climatic variables on the animal host density of hemorrhagic Fever with renal syndrome in changsha, china. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61536. [PMID: 23637849 PMCID: PMC3634784 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The transmission of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is influenced by population dynamics of its main host, rodents. It is therefore important to better understand rodents’ characteristic in epidemic areas. Methodology/Principal Findings We examined the potential impact of food available and climatic variability on HFRS rodent host and developed forecasting models. Monthly rodent density of HFRS host and climate data in Changsha from January 2004 to December 2011 were obtained. Monthly normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and temperature vegetation dryness index (TVDI) for rice paddies were extracted from MODIS data. Cross-correlation analysis were carried out to explore correlation between climatic variables and food available with monthly rodent data. We used auto-regressive integrated moving average model with explanatory variables to examine the independent contribution of climatic variables and food supply to rodent density. The results indicated that relative rodent density of HFRS host was significantly correlated with monthly mean temperatures, monthly accumulative precipitation, TVDI and NDVI with lags of 1–6 months. Conclusions/Significance Food available plays a significant role in population fluctuations of HFRS host in Changsha. The model developed in this study has implications for HFRS control and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xiao
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- * E-mail: (HX); (HYT)
| | - Hai-Ning Liu
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Li-Dong Gao
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, China
| | - Cun-Rui Huang
- Centre for Environment and Population Health, School of Environment, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Zhou Li
- College of Resources Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Lin
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Bi-Yun Chen
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, China
| | - Huai-Yu Tian
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- * E-mail: (HX); (HYT)
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Zhang H, Huang YW, Liu YZ, Li FC, Chen Z, Li WC, Deng ZH, Hu SX, Gao LD. [Virological surveillance of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus and its genetic characteristics in Hunan Province, 2009-2011]. Bing Du Xue Bao 2013; 29:148-153. [PMID: 23757845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
To understand and master the dynamic variation of the pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 in Hunan province from 2009 to 2011, and to know the genetic characteristics and drug resistance of the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 viruses. Throat swab specimens of influenza-like illness patients were collected from sentinel hospitals and tested for influenza by fluorescent PCR or virus isolation methods. Partial isolates were selected for sequencing. The sequences were used for phylogenetic analysis by MEGA 5. 05 software. From the 20th week of 2009 to the 52nd week of 2011, 17 773 specimens were tested. 3 831 specimens were influenza-positive with a positive rate of 21. 6%, of which 1 794 were positive specimens of pandemic (H1N1) 2009, accounting for 46. 8%00 of the influenza-positives. There were 2 epidemic peaks of pandemic (H1N1) 2009, which were in the 41st-53rd week of 2009 and the 1st-12nd week of 2011, respectively. The HA genes of 23 strains that were selected for sequencing had close relationship; the distribution of strains in the phylogenetic tree was basically in chronological order. The complete genome sequence analysis showed that all of 8 gene segments of 7 strains were homologous to the vaccine strain, and there was no gene reassortment. The HA amino acid sites of the 23 strains were highly similar to the vaccine strain (98. 2% - 100. 0% in homology), but all 23 strains had P83S, S203T and 1321V mutations. The 222 site mutation that may lead to enhanced virulence was found in the A/Hunan/YQ30/2009 strain. The mutation was D222E. There was no oseltamivir resistance mutation found in all strains. The pandemic (H1N1) 2009 in Hunan province from 2009 to 2011 had a bimodal distribution. There was no large-scale variation of virus genes. The clinical use of oseltamivir was still effective. Key words: Pandemic (H1N1) 2009; Surveillance; Genetic characteristics
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha 410005, China.
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Xiao H, Tian H, Lin X, Gao L, Dai X, Zhang X, Chen B, Zhao J, Xu J. Influence of extreme weather and meteorological anomalies on outbreaks of influenza A (H1N1). Chin Sci Bull 2012; 58:741-749. [PMID: 32214743 PMCID: PMC7088951 DOI: 10.1007/s11434-012-5571-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Biological experiments and epidemiological evidence indicate that variations in environment have important effect on the occurrence and transmission of epidemic influenza. It is therefore important to understand the characteristic patterns of transmission for prevention of disease and reduction of disease burden. Based on case records, we analyzed the environmental characteristics including climate variables in Changsha, and then constructed a meteorological anomaly susceptive-infective-removal (SIR) model on the basis of the results of influenza A (H1N1) transmission. The results showed that the outbreak of influenza A (H1N1) in Changsha showed significant correlation with meteorological conditions; the spread of influenza was sensitive to meteorological anomalies, and that the outbreak of influenza A (H1N1) in Changsha was influenced by a combination of absolute humidity anomalous weather conditions, contact rates of the influenza patients and changes in population movements. These findings will provide helpful information regarding prevention strategies under different conditions, a fresh understanding of the emergence and re-emergence of influenza outbreaks, and a new perspective on the transmission dynamics of influenza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xiao
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 China
| | - HuaiYu Tian
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 China
| | - XiaoLing Lin
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 China
| | - LiDong Gao
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, 410002 China
| | - XiangYu Dai
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 China
| | - XiXing Zhang
- Changsha Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, 410001 China
| | - BiYun Chen
- Changsha Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, 410001 China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191 China
| | - JingZhe Xu
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 China
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21
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Liu YZ, Zhao X, Huang YW, Chen Z, Li FC, Gao LD, Li XY, Li WC, Hu SX, Tan MJ, Zhang HJ, Zhang H. [Analysis of genetic features of influenza B virus in Hunan province from 2007 to 2010]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2012; 46:258-263. [PMID: 22800599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the gene variations of influenza B virus isolated in Hunan province from 2007 to 2010. METHODS A total of 42 strains of influenza B virus,which were isolated in the Influenza Surveillance Network Laboratories in Hunan province between year 2007 and 2010, were selected for the study. The hemagglutinin 1 (HA1) and neuraminidase (NA) genes of the selected strains were amplified by RT-PCR, and the sequence of the purified product were detected and homologically compared with the sequence of influenza vaccine strains isolated from Northern Hemisphere by WHO during the same period. In addition, the phylogenetic trees were constructed to characterize the molecular features. RESULTS In the Victoria branch of the HA1 gene phylogenetic tree, the strains isolated from year 2007 to 2009 were included in the V1 sub-branch, as well as the vaccine strain Malaysia/2506/2004; the strains isolated in year 2010 were involved in the V2 sub-branch, similar to the vaccine strains Brisbane/60/2008. In the Yamagata branch,the strains isolated in year 2007 were in the Y1 sub-branch,different from the strains isolated between year 2008 and 2010, which were in the Y2 sub-branch, instead. All virus in NA gene phylogenetic tree were included in the Yamagata branch, indicated their Yamagata origin. The genetic sequence analysis of the 7 strains isolated in year 2010 revealed that the viruses were classified as genotype 2 and genotype 15. The results of homological comparison between HA1 molecule and the influenza vaccine strains recommended by WHO were as below: Victoria lineage, 98.6% - 99.1% in 2007, 98.6% - 99.1% in 2008, 98.1% - 99.1% in 2009, and 97.6% - 99.1% in 2010; and Yamagata lineage, 97.9% - 98.5% in 2007, 97.9% - 98.5% in 2009 and 97.9% - 98.2% in 2010. The major mutations of the strains isolated in year 2007 were found in sites R48K, K88R, P108A, D197N and S230G. While the major mutations of the strains isolated between year 2009 and 2010 were sited in K88R, S150I, N166Y, D197N and S230G. CONCLUSION The prevalent influenza B virus isolated in Hunan province from 2007 to 2010 has mutated and evolved continuously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Zhi Liu
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha 410005, China
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Xiao H, Tian HY, Dai XY, Lin XL, Zhu PJ, Gao LD, Chen BY, Zhang XX. [Study on the influence of landscape elements regarding on the transmission of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Changsha]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2012; 46:246-251. [PMID: 22800597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the influence of landscape elements on the transmission of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Changsha. METHODS A total of 327 cases of HFRS diagnosed between year 2005 - 2009 were recruited in the study. Based on the demographic data, meteorological data and the data of second national land survey during the same period, a GIS landscape elements database of HFRS at the township scale of Changsha was established. Spatial-temporal cluster analysis methods were adopted to explore the influence of landscape elements on the spatial-temporal distribution of HFRS in Changsha during the year of 2005 - 2009. RESULTS The annual incidences of HFRS in Changsha between year 2005 - 2009 were 1.16/100 000 (70 cases), 0.95/100 000 (58 cases), 1.40/100 000(87 cases), 0.75/100 000(47 cases) and 1.02/100 000(65 cases) respectively. The results of poisson regression model analysis of principal component showed that the incidence of HFRS was positively correlated with farmland area (M = 29.00 km2) and urban and rural area (M = 6.12 km2; incidence rate ratios (IRR) = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.27 - 1.41); but negatively correlated with forestland area (M = 39.00 km2; IRR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.55 - 0.81) and garden plot area (M = 0.99 km2; IRR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.63 - 0.86). A significant cluster of the spatial-temporal distribution of HFRS cases was found in the study. The primary cluster (28.9 N, 113.37 E, radius at 22.22 km, RR = 5.23, log likelihood ratio (LLR) = 51.61, P <0.01, 67 cases of HFRS and incidence at 4.4/100 000) was found between year 2006 and 2007; and the secondary cluster (28.2 N, 113.6 E, RR = 10.77, LLR = 16.01, P < 0.01, 11 cases of HFRS and the incidence at 10.6/100 000) was found between year 2008 and 2009. CONCLUSION The landscape elements were found to be closely related to the prevalence and transmission of HFRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xiao
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China.
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Yu DG, Williams GR, Gao LD, Bligh SA, Yang JH, Wang X. Coaxial electrospinning with sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate solution for high quality polyacrylonitrile nanofibers. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2011.12.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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24
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Cai L, Tao X, Liu Y, Zhang H, Gao L, Hu S, Liu F, Li H, Shen X, Liu J, Wang S, Tang Q. Molecular characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of N gene of human derived rabies virus. Biomed Environ Sci 2011; 24:431-437. [PMID: 22108333 DOI: 10.3967/0895-3988.2011.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2011] [Accepted: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between the molecular characteristics and phylogenetic evolution of rabies N gene. METHODS Saliva samples were collected from rabies cases, and RT-PCR was used to amplify the N gene of rabies virus with the specific primers. The amplifying product of RT-PCR was cloned to pUCm-T vector and transformed into E.coli XL1-Blue and then the blue-white selection, PCR screening and gene sequencing were carried out to identify the positive clones. Finally, ExPASy and other bioinformatics software were used to analyze and predict the structure and biological characteristics of the N genome. RESULTS The amplification product of RT-PCR was 1 353 bp, the recombinant plasmid pUCm-T/N was constructed, the whole length of the N gene open reading frame was composed of 1 353 nucleotide residues to code 450 amino acids (20 kinds), the accession number submitted to the Genbank was HM756692, its sequence homology of nucleotides and amino acids compared with the vaccine strain CTN-1-V was 90% and 99% respectively. The evolutionary analysis showed that the isolated strain belonged to genotype I with certain geographic regionality. CONCLUSION The characteristics investigation and bioinformatics analysis of Hunan0806 N gene will provide fundamental data to reveal the significance of the N gene characteristics for rabies epidemiology and its prevention & control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Cai
- Hunan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hunan, China
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Dai DF, Zhang H, Liu YZ, Huang YW, Gao LD, Liu FQ, Zeng G. [Virological surveillance on hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Hunan province in 2006]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2007; 28:1194-1197. [PMID: 18476580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the rate of viral carrying status among rodents as well as genotypes and distribution of Hantaviruses (HV) isolated in Hunan province. METHODS With DFA, the HV antigen in lung tissues of rodents was detected. The total viral RNA was extracted from the lung tissues of the HV infected rats and amplified with reverse transcrition-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), using the HV genotype specific primers. The amplified genes were then sequenced and subjected to genotyping and homologic analysis. RESULTS The average density of rodents was 3.15% and the virus carrying rate among rodents was 1.31%. Data from genotype analysis showed that the HV isolated from seven lung specimens taken from Rattus norvgicus, Apodemus agraius, Mus musculus, Rattus flavipectus among indoor rodents in Shaodong and Liuyang belonged to HV type II (SEOV), and one isolated from Apodemus agraius in Shaungfen belonged to HV type I (HTNV) among outdoor rodents. Six strains were sequenced successfully and the homology between six srains was 88.3%-100%. The homology of HN1, HN2, HN4, HN6 came from Liuyang and the HN7 and HN8 from Shaodong were both 100% while the homology between L99 and the strains from Liuyang and Shaodong were 94.4% and 88.3% respectively. CONCLUSION HV type II (SEOV) and the HV type I (HTNV) were all existed in Hunan province while SEOV was the main genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Fang Dai
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha 410005, China
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26
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Huang YW, Li Z, Zhang H, Liu YZ, Wen LY, Li JH, Gao LD, Zhao XS, Li ZJ, Chen BY, Lan Y, Zhou L, Shu YL. [Laboratory diagnosis and molecular characterization of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N1) in human in Hunan Province in 2005-2006]. Bing Du Xue Bao 2007; 23:434-439. [PMID: 18092679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
To determine the etiologic agents of two atypical pneumonia human cases in Hunan Province in 2005-2006 and to study their pathogenic potential, the patients' respiratory tract samples and sera were collected. The respiratory tract samples were tested by real-time RT-PCR and RT-PCR methods, and the sera by hemagglutination-inhibition assay. Virus was isolated from case 2 and its genome was sequenced and analyzed. Results showed the H5 nucleic acid tests of two cases were positive. The H5-specific antibody titer of the convalescence serum of case 1 showed a 4-fold greater rise than that of the acute phase. And case 2's antibody titer of acute phase was negative. The two atypical pneumonia cases were confirmed as the avian influenza A (H5N1) infection cases. Viral strain A/Hunan/1/2006 was isolated from case 2. Phylogenetic and molecular analysis suggested that 8 gene segments of A/Hunan/1/2006 originated from avian viruses. And A/Hunan/1/2006 was similar with viruses isolated from avian in Hunan Province. The isolated virus did not recombine with human influenza viruses and no obvious variation was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wei Huang
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha 410005, China
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Song M, Tang Q, Xu Z, Li H, Wang DM, Mo ZJ, Gao LD, Guo SH, Zhu FC, Hu DL, Wang XJ. [Analysis on the factors related to rabies epidemic in China, in 2005]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2006; 27:956-9. [PMID: 17402197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse the related epidemic factors of rabies and to provide basic evidence for developing rabies control and prevention programs in China. METHODS Possible factors that causing rabies epidemics in the southern part of China were obtained through collecting both epidemic and surveillance data of rabies in 2005, and to analyse every factor by software of Excel 2002. RESULTS The number of rabies cases was 2548 in 2005. Among 885 cases being investigated, 60.56%, 49.04%, 96.16% had not had any chance to receive treatment, vaccine or immunoglobulin. Among the exposed persons, 89.95% received treatment on wounds and 94.93% were immunized, and 8.56% received immunoglobulin. 94.86% of them accomplished the full rabies post-exposure prophylaxis course, but 8.56% of them did not accomplish it. 88.50% of the cases and 92% of the persons under exposure were bitten by dogs. The density of dogs was 3.20-13.37 per 100 persons. The vaccination coverage rates among dogs were 5.31% -75.11% with a positive rate of 2.93 % -6.40%. CONCLUSION Factors as: low rate of post-exposure prophylaxis and failed to have finished the necessary post-exposure treatment (PET) of the cases, nonstandard PET in hospital or local clinic, low rabies vaccination coverage and high infectivity of rabies virus in animal host (mainly for dog) might be responsible for rabies epidemics in China, in 2005.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Song
- Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China
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28
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Yu RT, Gao LD, Guan P. [A study on oxidative stress induces neuronal apoptosis of the cerebral cortex in vitro]. Zhongguo Ying Yong Sheng Li Xue Za Zhi 2001; 17:108-128. [PMID: 21171389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
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29
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Guan P, Ai XM, Yu RT, Gao LD. [Study of the mechanism of cultured neuron injury mediated by nitric oxide during hypoxia and oxidative stress]. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2001; 17:79-81, 85. [PMID: 12533861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the mechanisms of cultured neurons injury mediated by nitric oxide and free oxygen radical during hypoxia and oxidative stress. METHODS The cultured newborn rat neurons were treated with hypoxia, H2O2 and pretreated superoxide dismutase (SOD) respectively. We examined the content of NO, malonaldehyde (MDA), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and SOD in cultured supernatant. RESULTS Comparing with that of control group, the content of NO, LDH, MDA increased and the content of SOD decreased in hypoxia group and H2O2 group. The content between NO and SOD showed the negative correlation. Administration of 200 U/ml SOD before oxidative stress could efficiently decrease the release of NO, LDH and MDA in neurons. The content of NO, LDH and MDA manifested in positive correlation in each group. CONCLUSION Hypoxia and oxidative stress increased NO production which strengthen neurons injury induced by free radical. SOD played an important role in elimination of free oxygen radicals and protecting neurons from injury by NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Guan
- College of Forensic Medicine, West China University of Medical Science, Chengdu 610041
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Wei YQ, Hang ZB, Gao LD. [Ultrastructural study of cerebellar melanotic medulloblastoma]. Hua Xi Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 1988; 19:54-7. [PMID: 3391599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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31
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Wu G, Gao LD, Zhou CG, Liu MJ. [Surgical treatment of epilepsy with ECoG monitoring]. Hua Xi Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 1987; 18:275-8. [PMID: 3119458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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32
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Li ND, Ouyang X, Gao LD. [Traumatic subdural hygroma: report of 62 cases]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 1986; 24:121-2, 127. [PMID: 3743265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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33
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Yi ZC, Gao LD. [Primary Ewing's sarcoma of the basal bone of the cranium]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 1985; 23:164-5, 191. [PMID: 3996118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Gao LD, He NQ, Jin DF, Zhou RX, Xue ZN, Yang SR. Electro-acupuncture anesthesia in pituitary adenoma extirpation. Chin Med J (Engl) 1983; 96:469-74. [PMID: 6414783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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