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Siegel PB, Honaker CF, Andersson L. Research Note: Phenotypic trends for the multigenerational advanced intercross of the Virginia body weight lines of chickens. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103480. [PMID: 38330887 PMCID: PMC10864792 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Random samples from generation S41 of the Virginia high and low 8-week body weight lines formed the base population for producing a multigenerational reciprocal intercross population. Although genetic mapping from this intercross has been reported, lacking are phenotypic trends across multiple generations. Here, we provide phenotypic information for the parental base population, the F1 reciprocal cross, and subsequent segregating recombinant generations F2 to F17. Heterosis for the selected trait in the F1 was negative for both reciprocal crosses. Phenotypic correlations for the selected trait in the recombinant generations were essentially nil for both males and females as was percent sexual dimorphism and coefficients of variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P B Siegel
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
| | - C F Honaker
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA
| | - L Andersson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, S-75123 Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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2
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Hanley KG, McFadden JP, Mitchell DL, Fowler CM, Stone SW, Yelle RV, Mayyasi M, Ergun RE, Andersson L, Benna M, Elrod MK, Jakosky BM. In Situ Measurements of Thermal Ion Temperature in the Martian Ionosphere. J Geophys Res Space Phys 2021; 126:e2021JA029531. [PMID: 35865356 PMCID: PMC9286691 DOI: 10.1029/2021ja029531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In situ measurements of ionospheric and thermospheric temperatures are experimentally challenging because orbiting spacecraft typically travel supersonically with respect to the cold gas and plasma. We present O 2 + temperatures in Mars' ionosphere derived from data measured by the SupraThermal And Thermal Ion Composition instrument onboard the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN spacecraft. We focus on data obtained during nine special orbit maneuvers known as Deep Dips, during which MAVEN lowered its periapsis altitude from the nominal 150 to 120 km for 1 week in order to sample the ionospheric main peak and approach the homopause. We use two independent techniques to calculate ion temperatures from the measured energy and angular widths of the supersonic ram ion beam. After correcting for background and instrument response, we are able to measure ion temperatures as low as 100 K with associated uncertainties as low as 10%. It is theoretically expected that ion temperatures will converge to the neutral temperature at altitudes below the exobase region (∼180-200 km) due to strong collisional coupling; however, no evidence of the expected thermalization is observed. We have eliminated several possible explanations for the observed temperature difference between ions and neutrals, including Coulomb collisions with electrons, Joule heating, and heating caused by interactions with the spacecraft. The source of the energy maintaining the high ion temperatures remains unclear, suggesting that a fundamental piece of physics is missing from existing models of the Martian ionosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. G. Hanley
- Space Sciences LaboratoryUniversity of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCAUSA
| | - J. P. McFadden
- Space Sciences LaboratoryUniversity of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCAUSA
| | - D. L. Mitchell
- Space Sciences LaboratoryUniversity of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCAUSA
| | - C. M. Fowler
- Space Sciences LaboratoryUniversity of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCAUSA
- Department of Physics and AstronomyWest Virginia UniversityMorgantownWVUSA
| | - S. W. Stone
- Lunar and Planetary LaboratoryUniversity of ArizonaTucsonAZUSA
| | - R. V. Yelle
- Lunar and Planetary LaboratoryUniversity of ArizonaTucsonAZUSA
| | - M. Mayyasi
- Astronomy DepartmentBoston UniversityBostonMAUSA
| | - R. E. Ergun
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space PhysicsUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCOUSA
| | - L. Andersson
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space PhysicsUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCOUSA
| | - M. Benna
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and TechnologyNASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA
- University of MarylandBaltimore CountyMDUSA
| | - M. K. Elrod
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and TechnologyNASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA
- University of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA
| | - B. M. Jakosky
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space PhysicsUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCOUSA
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3
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Parodis I, Andersson L, Durning SJ, Hege I, Knez J, Kononowicz AA, Lidskog M, Petreski T, Szopa M, Edelbring S. Clinical Reasoning Needs to Be Explicitly Addressed in Health Professions Curricula: Recommendations from a European Consortium. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:11202. [PMID: 34769721 PMCID: PMC8583438 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Clinical reasoning entails the application of knowledge and skills to collect and integrate information, typically with the goal of arriving at a diagnosis and management plan based on the patient's unique circumstances and preferences. Evidence-informed, structured, and explicit teaching and assessment of clinical reasoning in educational programs of medical and other health professions remain unmet needs. We herein summarize recommendations for clinical reasoning learning objectives (LOs), as derived from a consensus approach among European and US researchers and health professions educators. A four-step consensus approach was followed: (1) identification of a convenience sample of the most relevant and applied national LO catalogues for health professions educational programs (N = 9) from European and US countries, (2) extraction of LOs related to clinical reasoning and translation into English, (3) mapping of LOs into predefined categories developed within the Erasmus+ Developing, implementing, and disseminating an adaptive clinical reasoning curriculum for healthcare students and educators (DID-ACT) consortium, and (4) synthesis of analysis findings into recommendations for how LOs related to clinical reasoning could be presented and incorporated in LO catalogues, upon consensus. Three distinct recommendations were formulated: (1) make clinical reasoning explicit, (2) emphasize interprofessional and collaboration aspects of clinical reasoning, and (3) include aspects of teaching and assessment of clinical reasoning. In addition, the consortium understood that implementation of bilingual catalogues with English as a common language might contribute to lower heterogeneity regarding amount, structure, and level of granularity of clinical reasoning LOs across countries. These recommendations will hopefully motivate and guide initiatives towards the implementation of LOs related to clinical reasoning in existing and future LO catalogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Parodis
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, 702 81 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Lina Andersson
- School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, 702 81 Örebro, Sweden; (L.A.); (S.E.)
| | - Steven J. Durning
- Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA;
| | - Inga Hege
- Medical Education Sciences, Medical School, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, Germany;
| | - Jure Knez
- Division for Gynaecology and Perinatology, University Medical Centre Maribor and Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
| | - Andrzej A. Kononowicz
- Department of Bioinformatics and Telemedicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30 688 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Marie Lidskog
- School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, 702 81 Örebro, Sweden;
| | - Tadej Petreski
- Department of Nephrology, Clinic for Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Maribor and Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
| | - Magdalena Szopa
- Department of Medical Education, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30 688 Krakow, Poland;
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30 688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Samuel Edelbring
- School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, 702 81 Örebro, Sweden; (L.A.); (S.E.)
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4
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Nielsen A, Lundgaard K, Jacobsen K, Hansen K, Søltoft K, Sten L, Gullander L, Sibolt P, Calmels L, Andersson L, Geertsen P. PO-1988 Designing a radiation therapy technologist training program for online adaptive Radiation Therapy. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)08439-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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5
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Wimalarathna AAAK, Herath EMUCK, Senarath NH, Fonseka MCN, Manathunga MMKM, Nawarathna LS, Andersson L. Introduction of an interactive tool (the Dental Trauma Guide) in the undergraduate dental teaching to manage traumatic dental injuries. Dent Traumatol 2021; 37:717-724. [PMID: 34120401 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Traumatic dental injuries (TDI) are complex problems where lack of proper care may result in serious complications. The need to improve the management of TDI is a frequently addressed concern. Methods of improvement in their diagnosis and management are continuously evolving. The interactive Internet tool, the Dental Trauma Guide (DTG), helps to simplify diagnostic and management dilemmas. However, it is not a freely available tool. The aim of the current study was to assess the knowledge and diagnostic skills of undergraduate dental students with access to the DTG compared with students without such access, in order to validate and promote this tool in dental education. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two groups of students were randomly selected where one group of final year dental undergraduate students were exposed to lectures, demonstrations, discussions and tutorials on the management of TDI according to the standard undergraduate curriculum in Sri Lanka. Another test group of 21 students were provided with access to DTG during their training in paediatric dentistry. At the end of the study period, students were assessed on their knowledge of TDI using MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions) and OSCEs (Objective Structured Clinical Examination), based on the DTG. RESULTS The students with access to the DTG were more knowledgeable in providing the correct answers to three out of the seven OSCE questions. Evaluation based on the MCQs did not reveal a significant difference (p = .913). However, users of the DTG showed a statistically significant difference with better overall knowledge based on their answers (p = .028). Following this period of evaluation, all of the students were provided with access to the DTG to supplement their learning experience. CONCLUSION The Dental Trauma Guide is a useful supplementary tool for undergraduate students to arrive at a correct diagnosis and treatment plan for TDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A A K Wimalarathna
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - E M U C K Herath
- Division of Paedodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - N H Senarath
- Division of Paedodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - M C N Fonseka
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - M M K M Manathunga
- Technical Officer, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - L S Nawarathna
- Department of Statistics & Computer Science, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - L Andersson
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmo, Sweden
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Sibolt P, Andersson L, Calmels L, Behrens C, Serup-Hansen E, Lindberg H, Mouritsen LS, Sjöström D, Geertsen P. PD-0308: First clinical experience of online adaptive radiotherapy driven by CBCT and artificial intelligence. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)00332-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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7
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Sibolt P, Andersson L, Calmels L, Sjostrom D, Behrens C, Lindberg H, Mouritsen L, Geertsen P. Results of a Pilot Study on Online Adaptive Radiotherapy of Bladder Cancer with Artificial Intelligence-driven Full Re-optimization on the Anatomy of the Day. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.2231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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8
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Calmels L, Andersson L, Sjöström D, Sjölin M, Sibolt P. PO-1483: Evaluation of an artificial intelligence driven planning system for online adaptive radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)01501-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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9
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Sibolt P, Bjelkengren U, Calmels L, Santurio G, Andersson L, Sjölin M, Sjöström D. PO-1415: Validating a commercial solution for calculation-based QA of AI-driven online adaptive radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)01433-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Björnson E, Packard CJ, Adiels M, Andersson L, Matikainen N, Söderlund S, Kahri J, Hakkarainen A, Lundbom N, Lundbom J, Sihlbom C, Thorsell A, Zhou H, Taskinen MR, Borén J. Apolipoprotein B48 metabolism in chylomicrons and very low-density lipoproteins and its role in triglyceride transport in normo- and hypertriglyceridemic human subjects. J Intern Med 2020; 288:422-438. [PMID: 31846520 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renewed interest in triglyceride-rich lipoproteins as causative agents in cardiovascular disease mandates further exploration of the integrated metabolism of chylomicrons and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL). METHODS Novel tracer techniques and an integrated multi-compartmental model were used to determine the kinetics of apoB48- and apoB100-containing particles in the chylomicron and VLDL density intervals in 15 subjects with a wide range of plasma triglyceride levels. RESULTS Following a fat-rich meal, apoB48 appeared in the chylomicron, VLDL1 and VLDL2 fractions in all subjects. Chylomicrons cleared rapidly from the circulation but apoB48-containing VLDL accumulated, and over the day were 3-fold higher in those with high versus low plasma triglyceride. ApoB48-containing particles were secreted directly into both the chylomicron and VLDL fractions at rates that were similar across the plasma triglyceride range studied. During fat absorption, whilst most triglyceride entered the circulation in chylomicrons, the majority of apoB48 particles were secreted into the VLDL density range. CONCLUSION The intestine secretes apoB48-containing particles not only as chylomicrons but also directly into the VLDL1 and VLDL2 density ranges both in the basal state and during dietary lipid absorption. Over the day, apoB48-containing particles appear to comprise about 20-25% of circulating VLDL and, especially in those with elevated triglycerides, form part of a slowly cleared 'remnant' particle population, thereby potentially increasing CHD risk. These findings provide a metabolic understanding of the potential consequences for increased CHD risk when slowed lipolysis leads to the accumulation of remnants, especially in individuals with hypertriglyceridemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Björnson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - C J Packard
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - M Adiels
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - L Andersson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - N Matikainen
- Research Programs Unit, Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Endocrinology, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - S Söderlund
- Research Programs Unit, Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Endocrinology, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Kahri
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A Hakkarainen
- Radiology, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland
| | - N Lundbom
- Radiology, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Lundbom
- Radiology, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - C Sihlbom
- Proteomics Facility, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A Thorsell
- Proteomics Facility, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - H Zhou
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co. Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - M-R Taskinen
- Research Programs Unit, Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Borén
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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11
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Björnson E, Packard CJ, Adiels M, Andersson L, Matikainen N, Söderlund S, Kahri J, Sihlbom C, Thorsell A, Zhou H, Taskinen MR, Borén J. Investigation of human apoB48 metabolism using a new, integrated non-steady-state model of apoB48 and apoB100 kinetics. J Intern Med 2019; 285:562-577. [PMID: 30779243 PMCID: PMC6849847 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and their remnants have emerged as major risk factors for cardiovascular disease. New experimental approaches are required that permit simultaneous investigation of the dynamics of chylomicrons (CM) and apoB48 metabolism and of apoB100 in very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL). METHODS Mass spectrometric techniques were used to determine the masses and tracer enrichments of apoB48 in the CM, VLDL1 and VLDL2 density intervals. An integrated non-steady-state multicompartmental model was constructed to describe the metabolism of apoB48- and apoB100-containing lipoproteins following a fat-rich meal, as well as during prolonged fasting. RESULTS The kinetic model described the metabolism of apoB48 in CM, VLDL1 and VLDL2 . It predicted a low level of basal apoB48 secretion and, during fat absorption, an increment in apoB48 release into not only CM but also directly into VLDL1 and VLDL2 . ApoB48 particles with a long residence time were present in VLDL, and in subjects with high plasma triglycerides, these lipoproteins contributed to apoB48 measured during fasting conditions. Basal apoB48 secretion was about 50 mg day-1 , and the increment during absorption was about 230 mg day-1 . The fractional catabolic rates for apoB48 in VLDL1 and VLDL2 were substantially lower than for apoB48 in CM. DISCUSSION This novel non-steady-state model integrates the metabolic properties of both apoB100 and apoB48 and the kinetics of triglyceride. The model is physiologically relevant and provides insight not only into apoB48 release in the basal and postabsorptive states but also into the contribution of the intestine to VLDL pool size and kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Björnson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - C J Packard
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - M Adiels
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - L Andersson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - N Matikainen
- Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Internal Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Endocrinology, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - S Söderlund
- Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Internal Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Kahri
- Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Internal Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - C Sihlbom
- Proteomics Facility, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A Thorsell
- Proteomics Facility, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - H Zhou
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co. Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - M-R Taskinen
- Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Internal Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Borén
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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12
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Withers P, Flynn CL, Vogt MF, Mayyasi M, Mahaffy P, Benna M, Elrod M, McFadden JP, Dunn P, Liu G, Andersson L, England S. Mars's Dayside Upper Ionospheric Composition Is Affected by Magnetic Field Conditions. J Geophys Res Space Phys 2019; 124:3100-3109. [PMID: 32874820 PMCID: PMC7458070 DOI: 10.1029/2018ja026266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Previous observations have shown that electron density and temperature in the dayside ionosphere of Mars vary between strongly and weakly magnetized regions of the planet. Here we use data from the Neutral Gas and Ion Mass Spectrometer (NGIMS) on the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) spacecraft to examine whether dayside ion densities and ionospheric composition also vary. We find that O+,O 2 + , andCO 2 + densities above ~200 km are greater in strongly magnetized regions than in weakly magnetized regions. Fractional abundances of ion species are also affected. TheO + / O 2 + ratio at 300-km altitude increases from ~0.5 in strongly magnetized regions to ~0.8 in weakly magnetized regions. Consequently, the plasma reservoir available for escape is fundamentally different between strongly magnetized and weakly magnetized regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Withers
- Department of Astronomy, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Space Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C L Flynn
- Department of Astronomy, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M F Vogt
- Center for Space Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Mayyasi
- Center for Space Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - P Mahaffy
- Planetary Environments Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - M Benna
- Planetary Environments Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - M Elrod
- Planetary Environments Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - J P McFadden
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - P Dunn
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - G Liu
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - L Andersson
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - S England
- Department of Aerospace and Ocean Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
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13
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Acosta S, Andersson L, Bagher A, Wingren CJ. Drugs in fall versus non-fall accidents with major trauma - A population-based clinical and medico-legal autopsy study. Forensic Sci Int 2019; 296:80-84. [PMID: 30710812 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main aim of the present population-based study was to compare drugs in fall versus non-fall accidents causing major trauma, including both clinical and medico-legal autopsy data. METHODS All individuals with accidents resulting in major trauma, a new injury severity score (NISS)>15 or lethal outcome was identified at hospital and/or the Department of Forensic Medicine between 2011 and 2013. Modified Downton Fall Risk Index ranged from 0 to 7, and was based on specific pharmaceuticals (max 5 points), previous fall (1 point) and cognitive impairment (1 point). RESULTS One hundred and four individuals with major traumatic accidents were identified, 38 (36.5%) died. The median modified Downton Fall Risk Index was 2 for fall accidents and 0 for non-fall accidents (p < 0.001). Modified Downton Fall Risk Index was an age-independent factor associated with fall accident (p < 0.001). The medico-legal autopsy rate for in-hospital patients was 50% (6/12) for fatal fall accidents in comparison with 92.3% (12/13) for fatal non-fall accidents (p = 0.03). In individuals undergoing medico-legal autopsy, the proportion of individuals with any detected drug was 77% in fall accidents compared to 39% in non-fall accidents (p = 0.036). The presence of sedatives (p = 0.002) and bensodiazepines (p = 0.023) were higher for fall accidents compared to non-fall accidents. CONCLUSION This population-based study on accidents with major trauma showed that drugs had high impact on fall accidents with major trauma. It seems warranted from a public health perspective to study if implementation of medication review guidelines at hospital managing polypharmacy issues may prevent fall accident recidivism.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Acosta
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Sweden; Vascular Centre, Malmö, Sweden; Skåne University Hospital, Sweden.
| | - L Andersson
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sweden; Skåne University Hospital, Sweden
| | - A Bagher
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Sweden; Skåne University Hospital, Sweden
| | - C J Wingren
- National Board of Forensic Medicine, Sweden; Unit for Forensic Medicine, Sweden; Skåne University Hospital, Sweden
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14
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Angelopoulos V, Cruce P, Drozdov A, Grimes EW, Hatzigeorgiu N, King DA, Larson D, Lewis JW, McTiernan JM, Roberts DA, Russell CL, Hori T, Kasahara Y, Kumamoto A, Matsuoka A, Miyashita Y, Miyoshi Y, Shinohara I, Teramoto M, Faden JB, Halford AJ, McCarthy M, Millan RM, Sample JG, Smith DM, Woodger LA, Masson A, Narock AA, Asamura K, Chang TF, Chiang CY, Kazama Y, Keika K, Matsuda S, Segawa T, Seki K, Shoji M, Tam SWY, Umemura N, Wang BJ, Wang SY, Redmon R, Rodriguez JV, Singer HJ, Vandegriff J, Abe S, Nose M, Shinbori A, Tanaka YM, UeNo S, Andersson L, Dunn P, Fowler C, Halekas JS, Hara T, Harada Y, Lee CO, Lillis R, Mitchell DL, Argall MR, Bromund K, Burch JL, Cohen IJ, Galloy M, Giles B, Jaynes AN, Le Contel O, Oka M, Phan TD, Walsh BM, Westlake J, Wilder FD, Bale SD, Livi R, Pulupa M, Whittlesey P, DeWolfe A, Harter B, Lucas E, Auster U, Bonnell JW, Cully CM, Donovan E, Ergun RE, Frey HU, Jackel B, Keiling A, Korth H, McFadden JP, Nishimura Y, Plaschke F, Robert P, Turner DL, Weygand JM, Candey RM, Johnson RC, Kovalick T, Liu MH, McGuire RE, Breneman A, Kersten K, Schroeder P. The Space Physics Environment Data Analysis System (SPEDAS). Space Sci Rev 2019; 215:9. [PMID: 30880847 PMCID: PMC6380193 DOI: 10.1007/s11214-018-0576-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
With the advent of the Heliophysics/Geospace System Observatory (H/GSO), a complement of multi-spacecraft missions and ground-based observatories to study the space environment, data retrieval, analysis, and visualization of space physics data can be daunting. The Space Physics Environment Data Analysis System (SPEDAS), a grass-roots software development platform (www.spedas.org), is now officially supported by NASA Heliophysics as part of its data environment infrastructure. It serves more than a dozen space missions and ground observatories and can integrate the full complement of past and upcoming space physics missions with minimal resources, following clear, simple, and well-proven guidelines. Free, modular and configurable to the needs of individual missions, it works in both command-line (ideal for experienced users) and Graphical User Interface (GUI) mode (reducing the learning curve for first-time users). Both options have "crib-sheets," user-command sequences in ASCII format that can facilitate record-and-repeat actions, especially for complex operations and plotting. Crib-sheets enhance scientific interactions, as users can move rapidly and accurately from exchanges of technical information on data processing to efficient discussions regarding data interpretation and science. SPEDAS can readily query and ingest all International Solar Terrestrial Physics (ISTP)-compatible products from the Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF), enabling access to a vast collection of historic and current mission data. The planned incorporation of Heliophysics Application Programmer's Interface (HAPI) standards will facilitate data ingestion from distributed datasets that adhere to these standards. Although SPEDAS is currently Interactive Data Language (IDL)-based (and interfaces to Java-based tools such as Autoplot), efforts are under-way to expand it further to work with python (first as an interface tool and potentially even receiving an under-the-hood replacement). We review the SPEDAS development history, goals, and current implementation. We explain its "modes of use" with examples geared for users and outline its technical implementation and requirements with software developers in mind. We also describe SPEDAS personnel and software management, interfaces with other organizations, resources and support structure available to the community, and future development plans. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL The online version of this article (10.1007/s11214-018-0576-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Angelopoulos
- Department of Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - P. Cruce
- Department of Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - A. Drozdov
- Department of Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - E. W. Grimes
- Department of Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - N. Hatzigeorgiu
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - D. A. King
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - D. Larson
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - J. W. Lewis
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - J. M. McTiernan
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | | | - C. L. Russell
- Department of Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - T. Hori
- Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - A. Kumamoto
- Tohoku University, 6-3, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Sendai, 980-8578 Japan
| | - A. Matsuoka
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Y. Miyashita
- Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Y. Miyoshi
- Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - I. Shinohara
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - M. Teramoto
- Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - A. J. Halford
- Space Sciences Department, The Aerospace Corporation, Chantilly, VA USA
| | - M. McCarthy
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - R. M. Millan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH USA
| | - J. G. Sample
- Department of Physics, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT USA
| | - D. M. Smith
- Santa Cruz Institute of Particle Physics and Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA
| | - L. A. Woodger
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH USA
| | - A. Masson
- European Space Agency, ESAC, SCI-OPD, Madrid, Spain
| | - A. A. Narock
- ADNET Systems Inc., NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD USA
| | - K. Asamura
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - T. F. Chang
- Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - C.-Y. Chiang
- Institute of Space and Plasma Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Y. Kazama
- Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - K. Keika
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S. Matsuda
- Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - T. Segawa
- Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - K. Seki
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M. Shoji
- Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - S. W. Y. Tam
- Institute of Space and Plasma Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - N. Umemura
- Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - B.-J. Wang
- Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Space Science, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - S.-Y. Wang
- Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - R. Redmon
- National Centers for Environmental Information, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO USA
| | - J. V. Rodriguez
- National Centers for Environmental Information, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES) at University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO USA
| | - H. J. Singer
- Space Weather Prediction Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO USA
| | - J. Vandegriff
- The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD USA
| | - S. Abe
- International Center for Space Weather Science and Education, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - M. Nose
- Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- World Data Center for Geomagnetism, Kyoto Data Analysis Center for Geomagnetism and Space Magnetism, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A. Shinbori
- Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Y.-M. Tanaka
- National Institute of Polar Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S. UeNo
- Hida Observatory, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - L. Andersson
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO USA
| | - P. Dunn
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - C. Fowler
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO USA
| | - J. S. Halekas
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA
| | - T. Hara
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - Y. Harada
- Department of Geophysics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - C. O. Lee
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - R. Lillis
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - D. L. Mitchell
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - M. R. Argall
- Physics Department and Space Science Center, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH USA
| | - K. Bromund
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD USA
| | - J. L. Burch
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX USA
| | - I. J. Cohen
- The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD USA
| | - M. Galloy
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO USA
| | - B. Giles
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD USA
| | - A. N. Jaynes
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA
| | - O. Le Contel
- Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas, CNRS/Ecole Polytechnique/Sorbonne Université/Univ. Paris Sud/Observatoire de Paris, Paris, France
| | - M. Oka
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - T. D. Phan
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - B. M. Walsh
- Center for Space Physics, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA USA
| | - J. Westlake
- The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD USA
| | - F. D. Wilder
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO USA
| | - S. D. Bale
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - R. Livi
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - M. Pulupa
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - P. Whittlesey
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - A. DeWolfe
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO USA
| | - B. Harter
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO USA
| | - E. Lucas
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO USA
| | - U. Auster
- Institute for Geophysics and Extraterrestrial Physics, Technical University of Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - J. W. Bonnell
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - C. M. Cully
- University of Calgary, Calgary, Ontario Canada
| | - E. Donovan
- University of Calgary, Calgary, Ontario Canada
| | - R. E. Ergun
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO USA
| | - H. U. Frey
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - B. Jackel
- University of Calgary, Calgary, Ontario Canada
| | - A. Keiling
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - H. Korth
- The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD USA
| | - J. P. McFadden
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - Y. Nishimura
- Center for Space Physics and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA USA
| | - F. Plaschke
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physics, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - P. Robert
- Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas, CNRS/Ecole Polytechnique/Sorbonne Université/Univ. Paris Sud/Observatoire de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - J. M. Weygand
- Department of Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - R. M. Candey
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD USA
| | - R. C. Johnson
- ADNET Systems Inc., NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD USA
| | - T. Kovalick
- ADNET Systems Inc., NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD USA
| | - M. H. Liu
- ADNET Systems Inc., NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD USA
| | | | - A. Breneman
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - K. Kersten
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - P. Schroeder
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, USA
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15
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Lillie M, Sheng ZY, Honaker CF, Andersson L, Siegel PB, Carlborg Ö. Genomic signatures of 60 years of bidirectional selection for 8-week body weight in chickens. Poult Sci 2018; 97:781-790. [PMID: 29272516 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sixty years, constituting 60 generations, have passed since the founding of the Virginia body weight lines, an experimental population of White Plymouth Rock chickens. Using a stringent breeding scheme for divergent 8-week body weight, the lines, which originated from a common founder population, have responded to bidirectional selection with an approximate 15-fold difference in the selected trait. They provide a model system to study the genetics of complex traits in general and the influences of artificial selection on quantitative genetic architectures in particular. As we reflect on the 60th anniversary of the initiation of the Virginia body weight lines, there is opportunity to discuss the findings obtained using different analytical and experimental genetic and genomic strategies and integrate them with a recent pooled genome resequencing dataset. Hundreds of regions across the genome show differentiation between the 2 lines, reinforcing previous findings that response to selection relied on standing variation across many genes and giving insights into the haplotype complexity underlying regions associated with body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lillie
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Genomics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Z Y Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - C F Honaker
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg
| | - L Andersson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Genomics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station
| | - P B Siegel
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg
| | - Ö Carlborg
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Genomics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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16
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Andersson L, Ascher H, Hjern A. 1.2-O5Living conditions and self- rated health among undocumented migrants in Sweden. Eur J Public Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky047.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - H Ascher
- Gothenburg University, Sweden
- Angered Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A Hjern
- Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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17
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Sutherland DAT, Honaker CF, Dorshorst B, Andersson L, Siegel PB. Asymmetries, heterosis, and phenotypic profiles of red junglefowl, White Plymouth Rocks, and F 1 and F 2 reciprocal crosses. J Appl Genet 2018; 59:193-201. [PMID: 29500604 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-018-0435-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
During the domestication of farm animals, humans have manipulated genetic variation for growth and reproduction through artificial selection. Here, data are presented for growth, reproductive, and behavior traits for the red junglefowl, a line of White Plymouth Rock chickens, and their F1 and F2 reciprocal crosses. Intra- and intergenerational comparisons for growth related traits reflected considerable additive genetic variation. In contrast, those traits associated with reproduction exhibited heterosis. The role of sexual selection was seen in the evolution of prominent secondary sexual ornaments that lend to female choice and male-male competition. The large differences between parental lines in fearfulness to humans were only mitigated slightly in the intercross generations. Whereas, overall F1 generation heterosis was not transferred to the F2, there was developmental stability in the F2, as measured by relative asymmetry of bilateral traits. Through multigenerational analyses between the red junglefowl and the domestic White Plymouth Rocks, we observed plasticity and considerable residual genetic variation. These factors likely facilitated the adaptability of the chicken to a broad range of husbandry practices throughout the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A T Sutherland
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061-0306, USA
| | - C F Honaker
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061-0306, USA
| | - B Dorshorst
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061-0306, USA
| | - L Andersson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala Biomedical Center, Box 597, SE-75124, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - P B Siegel
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061-0306, USA.
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18
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Andersson L. RETRACTED: Conflicting results in article describing “HPV-vaccination and risk of chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis”. Vaccine 2017; 35:7081. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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19
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Jäderkvist Fegraeus K, Hirschberg I, Árnason T, Andersson L, Velie BD, Andersson LS, Lindgren G. To pace or not to pace: a pilot study of four- and five-gaited Icelandic horses homozygous for the DMRT3 'Gait Keeper' mutation. Anim Genet 2017; 48:694-697. [PMID: 29023800 DOI: 10.1111/age.12610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The Icelandic horse is a breed known mainly for its ability to perform the ambling four-beat gait 'tölt' and the lateral two-beat gait pace. The natural ability of the breed to perform these alternative gaits is highly desired by breeders. Therefore, the discovery that a nonsense mutation (C>A) in the DMRT3 gene was the main genetic factor for horses' ability to perform gaits in addition to walk, trot and canter was of great interest. Although several studies have demonstrated that homozygosity for the DMRT3 mutation is important for the ability to pace, only about 70% of the homozygous mutant (AA) Icelandic horses are reported to pace. The aim of the study was to genetically compare four- and five-gaited (i.e. horses with and without the ability to pace) AA Icelandic horses by performing a genome-wide association (GWA) analysis. All horses (n = 55) were genotyped on the 670K Axiom Equine Genotyping Array, and a GWA analysis was performed using the genabel package in r. No SNP demonstrated genome-wide significance, implying that the ability to pace goes beyond the presence of a single gene variant. Despite its limitations, the current study provides additional information regarding the genetic complexity of pacing ability in horses. However, to fully understand the genetic differences between four- and five-gaited AA horses, additional studies with larger sample materials and consistent phenotyping are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Jäderkvist Fegraeus
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - I Hirschberg
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - T Árnason
- IHBC AB, Knubbo, 74494, Morgongåva, Sweden
| | - L Andersson
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, 75123, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - B D Velie
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - G Lindgren
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
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20
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21
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Staiger EA, Almén MS, Promerová M, Brooks S, Cothran EG, Imsland F, Jäderkvist Fegraeus K, Lindgren G, Mehrabani Yeganeh H, Mikko S, Vega-Pla JL, Tozaki T, Rubin CJ, Andersson L. The evolutionary history of theDMRT3‘Gait keeper’ haplotype. Anim Genet 2017; 48:551-559. [DOI: 10.1111/age.12580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E. A. Staiger
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology; Uppsala University; SE-75123 Uppsala Sweden
| | - M. S. Almén
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology; Uppsala University; SE-75123 Uppsala Sweden
| | - M. Promerová
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology; Uppsala University; SE-75123 Uppsala Sweden
| | - S. Brooks
- Department of Animal Science; University of Florida; Gainesville FL 32611-0910 USA
| | - E. G. Cothran
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences; College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; Texas A&M University; College Station TX 77843-4458 USA
| | - F. Imsland
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology; Uppsala University; SE-75123 Uppsala Sweden
| | - K. Jäderkvist Fegraeus
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; SE-75007 Uppsala Sweden
| | - G. Lindgren
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; SE-75007 Uppsala Sweden
| | | | - S. Mikko
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; SE-75007 Uppsala Sweden
| | - J. L. Vega-Pla
- Laboratorio de Investigación Aplicada; Cría Caballar de las Fuerzas Armadas; 14080 Cordoba Spain
| | - T. Tozaki
- Genetic Analysis Department; Laboratory of Racing Chemistry; Tochigi 320-0851 Utsunomiya Japan
| | - C. J. Rubin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology; Uppsala University; SE-75123 Uppsala Sweden
| | - L. Andersson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology; Uppsala University; SE-75123 Uppsala Sweden
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences; College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; Texas A&M University; College Station TX 77843-4458 USA
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; SE-75007 Uppsala Sweden
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22
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Negro S, Imsland F, Valera M, Molina A, Solé M, Andersson L. Association analysis of KIT
, MITF
, and PAX3
variants with white markings in Spanish horses. Anim Genet 2017; 48:349-352. [DOI: 10.1111/age.12528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Negro
- Department Agro-Forestal Sciences; Seville University; 41013 Sevilla Spain
| | - F. Imsland
- Science for Life Laboratory; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology; Uppsala University; 75123 Uppsala Sweden
| | - M. Valera
- Department Agro-Forestal Sciences; Seville University; 41013 Sevilla Spain
| | - A. Molina
- Department of Genetics; Cordoba University; 14071 Cordoba Spain
| | - M. Solé
- Department Agro-Forestal Sciences; Seville University; 41013 Sevilla Spain
| | - L. Andersson
- Science for Life Laboratory; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology; Uppsala University; 75123 Uppsala Sweden
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; 75007 Uppsala Sweden
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences; Texas A&M University; College Station TX 77843 USA
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23
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Al-Melh MA, Andersson L. The effect of a lidocaine/prilocaine topical anesthetic on pain and discomfort associated with orthodontic elastomeric separator placement. Prog Orthod 2017; 18:1. [PMID: 28066874 PMCID: PMC5219977 DOI: 10.1186/s40510-016-0156-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The initial placement of orthodontic elastomeric separators can be uncomfortable and painful. Therefore, it is important to relieve this disturbing sensation to create a discomfort or pain-free orthodontic visit. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a lidocaine/prilocaine topical anesthetic on pain and discomfort associated with the placement of orthodontic elastomeric separators. Methods Fifty subjects aging between 20–35 years were included in this study. In the maxillary arch, a lidocaine/prilocaine topical anesthetic was placed around the ginigval margins of the premolar and molar on side. On the other side, a placebo agent was placed around the ginigval margins of the premolar and molar. After two minutes, an elastomeric separator was placed between the premolar and molar on both sides. The subjects were then asked to report their findings on a Verbal Scale and a Visual Analogue Scale every second minute for a period of 10 min. The subjects were also given a questionnaire to evaluate the overall impression on the topical anesthetic use. Results The overall mean discomfort/pain score was found to be significantly lower (p < 0.001) with the topical anesthetic than with the placebo. Repeated measures ANOVA with a Greenhouse-Geisser correction determined that mean pain scores were statistically significantly low with the 10-min time duration (F(1.54,42.2) = 40.7, p = 0.001), with an estimated grand mean (8.37, 95% CI 6.75–9.98). The questionnaire responses revealed that 87% of the subjects reported an overall satisfaction and agreement with the topical anesthetic than with the placebo or no difference (13%) after the initial separator placement. Conclusions The discomfort and pain resulting from the initial placement of orthodontic elastomeric separators can be significantly reduced with the lidocaine/prilocaine topical anesthetic.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Abu Al-Melh
- Department of Developmental and Preventive Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Kuwait city, Kuwait.
| | - L Andersson
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Kuwait city, Kuwait
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Andersson L. Hidden authority study data have come to light: besides narcolepsy, the swine influenza vaccine Pandemrix caused type 1 diabetes. J Intern Med 2017; 281:99-101. [PMID: 27995691 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Andersson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Intstitutet, Solna, Sweden
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25
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Henriksen R, Johnsson M, Andersson L, Jensen P, Wright D. The domesticated brain: genetics of brain mass and brain structure in an avian species. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34031. [PMID: 27687864 PMCID: PMC5043184 DOI: 10.1038/srep34031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
As brain size usually increases with body size it has been assumed that the two are tightly constrained and evolutionary studies have therefore often been based on relative brain size (i.e. brain size proportional to body size) rather than absolute brain size. The process of domestication offers an excellent opportunity to disentangle the linkage between body and brain mass due to the extreme selection for increased body mass that has occurred. By breeding an intercross between domestic chicken and their wild progenitor, we address this relationship by simultaneously mapping the genes that control inter-population variation in brain mass and body mass. Loci controlling variation in brain mass and body mass have separate genetic architectures and are therefore not directly constrained. Genetic mapping of brain regions indicates that domestication has led to a larger body mass and to a lesser extent a larger absolute brain mass in chickens, mainly due to enlargement of the cerebellum. Domestication has traditionally been linked to brain mass regression, based on measurements of relative brain mass, which confounds the large body mass augmentation due to domestication. Our results refute this concept in the chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Henriksen
- AVIAN Behavioural Genomics and Physiology Group, IFM Biology, Linköping University, Linköping 58183, Sweden
| | - M. Johnsson
- AVIAN Behavioural Genomics and Physiology Group, IFM Biology, Linköping University, Linköping 58183, Sweden
| | - L. Andersson
- Dept of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, BMC, Husargatan 3, Uppsala 75123, Sweden
| | - P. Jensen
- AVIAN Behavioural Genomics and Physiology Group, IFM Biology, Linköping University, Linköping 58183, Sweden
| | - D. Wright
- AVIAN Behavioural Genomics and Physiology Group, IFM Biology, Linköping University, Linköping 58183, Sweden
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26
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Andersson L, Behrens CF, Sjöström D. Correlation between bladder volume and bowel radiation dose for rectum cancer patients. Phys Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2016.07.683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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27
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Bagher A, Todorova L, Andersson L, Wingren CJ, Ottosson A, Wangefjord S, Acosta S. Analysis of pre-hospital rescue times on mortality in trauma patients in a Scandinavian urban setting. Trauma 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1460408616649217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective To analyze if pre-hospital rescue times were associated with mortality in a trauma cohort arriving by ambulance to hospital in a Scandinavian urban setting. Methods Between 2011 and 2013, individuals and pre-hospital rescue times were identified in Emergency Medical Dispatcher Centre, hospital, and forensic records in red alarm trauma. Major trauma was defined as a New Injury Severity Score (NISS)>15. Results Overall, 89% of 378 trauma patients received hospital care within 60 min; 51% had a response time of ≤8 min, and 95% had response time within ≤20 min. The on-scene time (p < 0.05) and total pre-hospital time (p < 0.05) were longer for patients ≥65 years, in comparison with patients <65 years. The patients with penetrating trauma had shorter on-scene time (p < 0.01), total pre-hospital time (p < 0.01), and shorter transport distance from trauma scene to hospital (p = 0.004), compared to those with blunt trauma. Patients with NISS > 15 were found to have the same pre-hospital rescue times as those with NISS ≤ 15. There was a trend that the occurrence of gunshots was associated with increased mortality (p = 0.074). When entering age, NISS, penetrating versus blunt injury, response time, and on-scene time in a multivariate regression analysis, age (p < 0.001), NISS (p < 0.001), and penetrating injury (p = 0.009) remained as independent factors associated with mortality and a trend for shorter on-scene time (p = 0.093). Conclusions Pre-hospital rescue times had less impact on mortality than injury severity, age, and penetrating trauma. Even though penetrating traumas were associated with shorter on-scene time and shorter transport distance to hospital, mortality was increased in this Scandinavian urban setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bagher
- Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - L Todorova
- Section of Ambulance, Crisis Management and Security, The Prehospital Unit of Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden
| | - L Andersson
- Emergency Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - CJ Wingren
- National Board of Forensic Medicine, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Unit for Forensic Medicine, Lund University, Sweden
| | - A Ottosson
- National Board of Forensic Medicine, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Unit for Forensic Medicine, Lund University, Sweden
| | - S Wangefjord
- Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - S Acosta
- Vascular Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Kärrberg L, Andersson L, Kastenmayer RJ, Ploj K. Refinement of habituation procedures in diet-induced obese mice. Lab Anim 2016; 50:397-9. [PMID: 26851248 DOI: 10.1177/0023677216631459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Orogastric gavage, while a common method for delivering experimental substances in mice, has been shown to induce stress. To minimize the associated stress with this procedure, sham gavage prior to the start of experiment is a common method for habiutating mice. We investigated whether handling and restraint could replace sham treatment in the acclimatization protocol. Mice were either undisturbed, hand-restrained for 10 s or sham-gavaged daily for six days prior to eight days of twice daily gavage. The results showed that repetitive restraint and gavage had no differences in body weight after eight days of treatment compared with the body weights at the start of treatment, whereas animals left undisturbed lost significant weight once treatment began. These data suggest that procedure refinement by replacing sham treatment with hand restraint is sufficient to acclimatize mice to the stress associated with gavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Kärrberg
- Drug Safety & Metabolism, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - L Andersson
- Drug Safety & Metabolism, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - R J Kastenmayer
- Drug Safety & Metabolism, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - K Ploj
- Drug Safety & Metabolism, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden
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29
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Björkbacka H, Berg KE, Manjer J, Engelbertsen D, Wigren M, Ljungcrantz I, Andersson L, Hedblad B, Fredrikson GN, Nilsson J. CD4+ CD56+ natural killer T-like cells secreting interferon-γ are associated with incident coronary events. J Intern Med 2016; 279:78-88. [PMID: 26147463 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD3(+) CD56(+) natural killer T (NKT)-like cells are a subset of T cells characterized by expression of NK receptors and potent antitumour activity. It has also been suggested that they have a role in autoimmune disease, and levels of NKT-like cells are elevated in patients with coronary disease. OBJECTIVES To investigate whether high levels of CD3(+) CD56(+) NKT-like cells are associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease and a lower incidence of cancer. METHODS This was a prospective study including 700 subjects participating in the baseline investigation of the Malmö Diet and Cancer study between 1991 and 1994. Leucocytes obtained at the baseline investigation and stored at -140 °C were thawed and CD3(+) CD56(+) cells analysed by flow cytometry. The incidence rates of cancer and coronary events during a mean follow-up of 15 years were determined through national registers. RESULTS Subjects in the lowest tertile of interferon (IFN)-γ-expressing CD4(+) CD56(+) cells were found to have an increased risk of incidence of coronary events (log-rank test: P < 0.05). This association remained significant after controlling for age, sex, smoking, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes and the Th1/Th2 and Th1/Treg cell ratios in a Cox proportional hazards regression model (hazard ratio 1.98, 95% confidence interval 1.24-3.16), but not when the LDL/HDL ratio was included in the model. There were no associations between CD3(+) CD56(+) NKT-like cells and incident cancer. CONCLUSIONS The present results could not confirm the hypothesis that low levels of CD3(+) CD56(+) NKT-like cells are associated with a higher incidence of cancer and a lower incidence of cardiovascular disease. However, we found that low levels of IFN-γ-expressing CD3(+) CD4(+) CD56(+) NKT-like cells were associated with an increased incidence of coronary events and that this association may be dependent on lipoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Björkbacka
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - K E Berg
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - J Manjer
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - D Engelbertsen
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - M Wigren
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - I Ljungcrantz
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - L Andersson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - B Hedblad
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - G N Fredrikson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - J Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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Jakosky BM, Grebowsky JM, Luhmann JG, Connerney J, Eparvier F, Ergun R, Halekas J, Larson D, Mahaffy P, McFadden J, Mitchell DF, Schneider N, Zurek R, Bougher S, Brain D, Ma YJ, Mazelle C, Andersson L, Andrews D, Baird D, Baker D, Bell JM, Benna M, Chaffin M, Chamberlin P, Chaufray YY, Clarke J, Collinson G, Combi M, Crary F, Cravens T, Crismani M, Curry S, Curtis D, Deighan J, Delory G, Dewey R, DiBraccio G, Dong C, Dong Y, Dunn P, Elrod M, England S, Eriksson A, Espley J, Evans S, Fang X, Fillingim M, Fortier K, Fowler CM, Fox J, Gröller H, Guzewich S, Hara T, Harada Y, Holsclaw G, Jain SK, Jolitz R, Leblanc F, Lee CO, Lee Y, Lefevre F, Lillis R, Livi R, Lo D, Mayyasi M, McClintock W, McEnulty T, Modolo R, Montmessin F, Morooka M, Nagy A, Olsen K, Peterson W, Rahmati A, Ruhunusiri S, Russell CT, Sakai S, Sauvaud JA, Seki K, Steckiewicz M, Stevens M, Stewart AIF, Stiepen A, Stone S, Tenishev V, Thiemann E, Tolson R, Toublanc D, Vogt M, Weber T, Withers P, Woods T, Yelle R. MAVEN observations of the response of Mars to an interplanetary coronal mass ejection. Science 2015; 350:aad0210. [PMID: 26542576 DOI: 10.1126/science.aad0210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Coupling between the lower and upper atmosphere, combined with loss of gas from the upper atmosphere to space, likely contributed to the thin, cold, dry atmosphere of modern Mars. To help understand ongoing ion loss to space, the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) spacecraft made comprehensive measurements of the Mars upper atmosphere, ionosphere, and interactions with the Sun and solar wind during an interplanetary coronal mass ejection impact in March 2015. Responses include changes in the bow shock and magnetosheath, formation of widespread diffuse aurora, and enhancement of pick-up ions. Observations and models both show an enhancement in escape rate of ions to space during the event. Ion loss during solar events early in Mars history may have been a major contributor to the long-term evolution of the Mars atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J M Grebowsky
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - J G Luhmann
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - J Connerney
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - F Eparvier
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - R Ergun
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - J Halekas
- University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - D Larson
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - P Mahaffy
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - J McFadden
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - D F Mitchell
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | - R Zurek
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - S Bougher
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - D Brain
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Y J Ma
- University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - C Mazelle
- CNRS-Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP), Toulouse, France. University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | | | - D Andrews
- Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - D Baird
- NASA/Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - D Baker
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - J M Bell
- National Institute of Aerospace, Hampton, VA, USA
| | - M Benna
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - M Chaffin
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - P Chamberlin
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - Y-Y Chaufray
- Laboratoire atmosphères, milieux et observations spatiales (LATMOS)-CNRS, Paris, France
| | - J Clarke
- Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - G Collinson
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - M Combi
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - F Crary
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - T Cravens
- University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - M Crismani
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - S Curry
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - D Curtis
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - J Deighan
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - G Delory
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - R Dewey
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - G DiBraccio
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - C Dong
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Y Dong
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - P Dunn
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - M Elrod
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - S England
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - A Eriksson
- Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J Espley
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - S Evans
- Computational Physics, Inc., Boulder, CO, USA
| | - X Fang
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - M Fillingim
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - K Fortier
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - C M Fowler
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - J Fox
- Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - H Gröller
- University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - S Guzewich
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - T Hara
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Y Harada
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - G Holsclaw
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - S K Jain
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - R Jolitz
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - F Leblanc
- Laboratoire atmosphères, milieux et observations spatiales (LATMOS)-CNRS, Paris, France
| | - C O Lee
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Y Lee
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - F Lefevre
- Laboratoire atmosphères, milieux et observations spatiales (LATMOS)-CNRS, Paris, France
| | - R Lillis
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - R Livi
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - D Lo
- University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | | | - T McEnulty
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - R Modolo
- Laboratoire atmosphères, milieux et observations spatiales (LATMOS)-CNRS, Paris, France
| | - F Montmessin
- Laboratoire atmosphères, milieux et observations spatiales (LATMOS)-CNRS, Paris, France
| | - M Morooka
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - A Nagy
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - K Olsen
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - W Peterson
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - A Rahmati
- University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | | | - C T Russell
- University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - S Sakai
- University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - J-A Sauvaud
- CNRS-Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP), Toulouse, France. University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - K Seki
- Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - M Steckiewicz
- CNRS-Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP), Toulouse, France. University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - M Stevens
- Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - A Stiepen
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - S Stone
- University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - V Tenishev
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - E Thiemann
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - R Tolson
- North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - D Toublanc
- CNRS-Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP), Toulouse, France. University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - M Vogt
- Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - T Weber
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | - T Woods
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - R Yelle
- University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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31
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Bougher S, Jakosky B, Halekas J, Grebowsky J, Luhmann J, Mahaffy P, Connerney J, Eparvier F, Ergun R, Larson D, McFadden J, Mitchell D, Schneider N, Zurek R, Mazelle C, Andersson L, Andrews D, Baird D, Baker DN, Bell JM, Benna M, Brain D, Chaffin M, Chamberlin P, Chaufray JY, Clarke J, Collinson G, Combi M, Crary F, Cravens T, Crismani M, Curry S, Curtis D, Deighan J, Delory G, Dewey R, DiBraccio G, Dong C, Dong Y, Dunn P, Elrod M, England S, Eriksson A, Espley J, Evans S, Fang X, Fillingim M, Fortier K, Fowler CM, Fox J, Gröller H, Guzewich S, Hara T, Harada Y, Holsclaw G, Jain SK, Jolitz R, Leblanc F, Lee CO, Lee Y, Lefevre F, Lillis R, Livi R, Lo D, Ma Y, Mayyasi M, McClintock W, McEnulty T, Modolo R, Montmessin F, Morooka M, Nagy A, Olsen K, Peterson W, Rahmati A, Ruhunusiri S, Russell CT, Sakai S, Sauvaud JA, Seki K, Steckiewicz M, Stevens M, Stewart AIF, Stiepen A, Stone S, Tenishev V, Thiemann E, Tolson R, Toublanc D, Vogt M, Weber T, Withers P, Woods T, Yelle R. Early MAVEN Deep Dip campaign reveals thermosphere and ionosphere variability. Science 2015; 350:aad0459. [PMID: 26542579 DOI: 10.1126/science.aad0459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) mission, during the second of its Deep Dip campaigns, made comprehensive measurements of martian thermosphere and ionosphere composition, structure, and variability at altitudes down to ~130 kilometers in the subsolar region. This altitude range contains the diffusively separated upper atmosphere just above the well-mixed atmosphere, the layer of peak extreme ultraviolet heating and primary reservoir for atmospheric escape. In situ measurements of the upper atmosphere reveal previously unmeasured populations of neutral and charged particles, the homopause altitude at approximately 130 kilometers, and an unexpected level of variability both on an orbit-to-orbit basis and within individual orbits. These observations help constrain volatile escape processes controlled by thermosphere and ionosphere structure and variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bougher
- CLaSP Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - B Jakosky
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - J Halekas
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - J Grebowsky
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - J Luhmann
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - P Mahaffy
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - J Connerney
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - F Eparvier
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - R Ergun
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - D Larson
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - J McFadden
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - D Mitchell
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - N Schneider
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - R Zurek
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - C Mazelle
- CNRS/Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Toulouse, France. University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - L Andersson
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - D Andrews
- Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Kiruna, Sweden
| | - D Baird
- NASA/Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - D N Baker
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - J M Bell
- National Institute of Aerospace, Hampton, VA, USA
| | - M Benna
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - D Brain
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - M Chaffin
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - P Chamberlin
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - J-Y Chaufray
- Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales /CNRS, Verrieres-le-Buisson, France
| | - J Clarke
- Department of Astronomy, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - G Collinson
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - M Combi
- CLaSP Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - F Crary
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - T Cravens
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - M Crismani
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - S Curry
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - D Curtis
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - J Deighan
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - G Delory
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - R Dewey
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - G DiBraccio
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - C Dong
- CLaSP Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Y Dong
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - P Dunn
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - M Elrod
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - S England
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - A Eriksson
- Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Kiruna, Sweden
| | - J Espley
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - S Evans
- Computational Physics, Springfield, VA, USA
| | - X Fang
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - M Fillingim
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - K Fortier
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - C M Fowler
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - J Fox
- Department of Physics, Wright State University, Fairborn, OH, USA
| | - H Gröller
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - S Guzewich
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - T Hara
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Y Harada
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - G Holsclaw
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - S K Jain
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - R Jolitz
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - F Leblanc
- Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales /CNRS, Verrieres-le-Buisson, France
| | - C O Lee
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Y Lee
- CLaSP Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - F Lefevre
- Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales /CNRS, Verrieres-le-Buisson, France
| | - R Lillis
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - R Livi
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - D Lo
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Y Ma
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - M Mayyasi
- Department of Astronomy, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - W McClintock
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - T McEnulty
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - R Modolo
- Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales /CNRS, Verrieres-le-Buisson, France
| | - F Montmessin
- Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales /CNRS, Verrieres-le-Buisson, France
| | - M Morooka
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - A Nagy
- CLaSP Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - K Olsen
- CLaSP Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - W Peterson
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - A Rahmati
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - S Ruhunusiri
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - C T Russell
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - S Sakai
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - J-A Sauvaud
- CNRS/Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Toulouse, France. University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - K Seki
- Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - M Steckiewicz
- CNRS/Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Toulouse, France. University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - M Stevens
- Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA
| | - A I F Stewart
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - A Stiepen
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - S Stone
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - V Tenishev
- CLaSP Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - E Thiemann
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - R Tolson
- National Institute of Aerospace, Hampton, VA, USA
| | - D Toublanc
- CNRS/Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Toulouse, France. University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - M Vogt
- Department of Astronomy, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - T Weber
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - P Withers
- Department of Astronomy, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - T Woods
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - R Yelle
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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Andersson L, Weber TD, Malaspina D, Crary F, Ergun RE, Delory GT, Fowler CM, Morooka MW, McEnulty T, Eriksson AI, Andrews DJ, Horanyi M, Collette A, Yelle R, Jakosky BM. Dust observations at orbital altitudes surrounding Mars. Science 2015; 350:aad0398. [PMID: 26542578 DOI: 10.1126/science.aad0398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Dust is common close to the martian surface, but no known process can lift appreciable concentrations of particles to altitudes above ~150 kilometers. We present observations of dust at altitudes ranging from 150 to above 1000 kilometers by the Langmuir Probe and Wave instrument on the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution spacecraft. Based on its distribution, we interpret this dust to be interplanetary in origin. A comparison with laboratory measurements indicates that the dust grain size ranges from 1 to 12 micrometers, assuming a typical grain velocity of ~18 kilometers per second. These direct observations of dust entering the martian atmosphere improve our understanding of the sources, sinks, and transport of interplanetary dust throughout the inner solar system and the associated impacts on Mars's atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Andersson
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA.
| | - T D Weber
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - D Malaspina
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - F Crary
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - R E Ergun
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - G T Delory
- Space Science Laboratory, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - C M Fowler
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - M W Morooka
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - T McEnulty
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - A I Eriksson
- Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - D J Andrews
- Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - M Horanyi
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - A Collette
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - R Yelle
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - B M Jakosky
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
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Bagher A, Andersson L, Wingren CJ, Ottosson A, Wangefjord S, Acosta S. Socio-economic status and major trauma in a Scandinavian urban city: A population-based case-control study. Scand J Public Health 2015; 44:217-23. [PMID: 26614635 DOI: 10.1177/1403494815616302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Epidemiological studies of patients with major trauma, including both hospitalized and immediately deceased whom are undergoing medico-legal autopsy, are very rare. We studied the incidence and mortality of major trauma in all 10 districts in the Scandinavian city of Malmö, Sweden, and the association between socio-economic status and major trauma. METHODS Major trauma was defined as a New Injury Severity Score > 15, or a lethal outcome due to trauma. Cases with a registration address in Malmö between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2013 were identified from the red trauma alarm list in the hospital and the autopsy register in the Forensic Department. Statistics Sweden matched each case with four randomly selected age-, gender- and district-matched controls. Social assistance within the household, level of education, income and capital income were compared. RESULTS We identified 117 cases (80 men and 37 women) with a median age of 48.0 years (IQR 28.5-65.0). The incidence of major trauma in Malmö was 12.7 (95% CI 10.4-15.0) per 100,000 person-years; and 69 died due to major trauma, with 8.4 (95% CI 6.4-10.4) per 1000 deaths. Lower income (p = 0.024), no income (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.0-2.4; p = 0.037) and social assistance (OR 2.3; 95% CI 1.3-4.1; p = 0.003) were associated with major trauma. The level of education was not found to be related to major trauma (p = 0.47). CONCLUSIONS Low income and social assistance within the household were associated with major trauma in the city of Malmö, but not the level of education; in this age-, gender- and district-matched case-control study of major trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bagher
- Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - L Andersson
- Emergency Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - C J Wingren
- National Board of Forensic Medicine, Lund, Sweden Department of Clinical Sciences, Unit for Forensic Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - A Ottosson
- National Board of Forensic Medicine, Lund, Sweden Department of Clinical Sciences, Unit for Forensic Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - S Wangefjord
- Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - S Acosta
- Vascular Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Yusnizar Y, Wilbe M, Herlino AO, Sumantri C, Noor RR, Boediono A, Andersson L, Andersson G. Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor mutations are associated with white-spotted coat color in swamp buffalo. Anim Genet 2015; 46:676-82. [PMID: 26417640 PMCID: PMC5054924 DOI: 10.1111/age.12334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A candidate gene analysis of the microphthalmia‐associated transcription factor (MITF) gene was used in an attempt to identify the genetic basis for a white‐spotted coat color phenotype in the Asian swamp buffalo (Bubalus bubalis carabanensis). Ninety‐three buffaloes—32 solid, 38 spotted and 23 white individuals—were Sanger‐sequenced for all MITF exons as well as highly conserved intronic and flanking regions. MITFcDNA representing skin and iris tissue from six spotted, nine solid and one white buffaloes was also Sanger‐sequenced to confirm detected mutations. Two independent loss‐of‐function mutations, a premature stop codon (c.328C>T, p.Arg110*) and a donor splice‐site mutation (c.840+2T>A, p.Glu281_Leu282Ins8), both of which cause white‐spotted coat color in swamp buffaloes, were identified. The nonsense mutation leads to a premature stop codon in exon 3, and likely removal of the resulting mRNA via nonsense‐mediated decay pathway, whereas the donor splice‐site mutation leads to aberrant splicing of exon 8 that encodes part of a highly conserved region of MITF. The resulting insertion of eight amino acid residues is expected to perturb the leucine zipper part in the basic helix‐loop‐helix leucine zipper (bHLH‐Zip) domain and will most likely influence dimerization and DNA binding capacity. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay was performed using mutant and wild‐type MITF proteins and showed that the mutant MITF protein resulting from the splice‐site mutation decreased in vitro DNA binding capacity compared to wild‐type MITF. White‐spotted buffalo bulls are sacrificed in funeral ceremonies in Tana Toraja, Indonesia, because they are considered holy, and our results show that genetic variation causes a tie to the cultural use of these buffaloes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yusnizar
- Graduate School, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), 16680, Bogor, Indonesia.,Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.,Research Center for Biotechnology, Indonesian Institute for Sciences (LIPI), 16912, Cibinong, Indonesia
| | - M Wilbe
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, SE-751 08, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - A O Herlino
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - C Sumantri
- Department of Animal Productions and Technology, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), 16680, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - R Rachman Noor
- Department of Animal Productions and Technology, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), 16680, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - A Boediono
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), 16680, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - L Andersson
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - G Andersson
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
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Bagher A, Wingren CJ, Ottosson A, Andersson L, Wangefjord S, Acosta S. Necessity of including medico-legal autopsy data in epidemiological surveys of individuals with major trauma. Injury 2015; 46:1515-9. [PMID: 26089245 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is rare that epidemiological surveys of patients with major trauma include both those admitted to the emergency department and those sent for medico-legal autopsy. The main aim of the present population-based study of major trauma was to examine the importance of medico-legal autopsy data. METHODS A new injury severity score (NISS)>15 or lethal outcome was used as criteria for major trauma and to identify patients at the emergency, anaesthesiology and forensic departments and/or being within the jurisdiction of the Malmö police authority and subjected to a medico-legal autopsy between 2011 and 2013. According to Swedish legislation all trauma related deaths should be reported to the police who refer these cases for medico-legal autopsy. RESULTS Among the 174 individuals included, 92 (53%) died and 81 (47%) underwent medico-legal autopsy. One hundred twenty-six patients were primarily admitted to hospital and 48 died before admission to hospital and were sent directly for medico-legal autopsy. Forty-four in-hospital deaths occurred, of whom 33 (75%) were sent to medico-legal autopsy. In those sent directly to the department of forensic medicine the proportion of accidents was lower (p<0.001), self-inflicted injuries higher (p<0.001) and gunshot wounds higher (p=0.002) in comparison with those sent to hospital. The most prevalent drugs detected by forensic toxicology screening in the 81 fatalities were ethanol (20%), sedatives (16%), anti-depressives (15%) and illicit narcotics (9%). Forty-four cases (54%) were positive for at least one drug, and twenty-eight cases (35%) were positive for two or more drugs. Factors associated with a lower rate of medico-legal autopsies among trauma-related deaths at hospital were high age (p<0.001), lower NISS (p<0.001), a longer duration between trauma and death (p<0.001), falls (p=0.030) and trauma-related infections (p<0.001). CONCLUSION This population based study covering clinical and forensic data shows that more than half of the individuals sustaining major trauma died. An additional 25% of the in-hospital fatalities should have undergone medico-legal autopsy according to legislation, but did not. The high proportion of positive toxicological findings among fatalities examined at medico-legal autopsy implies that toxicology screening should be routine in major trauma patients, in order to improve treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bagher
- Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden
| | - C J Wingren
- National Board of Forensic Medicine, Lund, Sweden; Unit for Forensic Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Sweden
| | - A Ottosson
- National Board of Forensic Medicine, Lund, Sweden; Unit for Forensic Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Sweden
| | - L Andersson
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden
| | - S Wangefjord
- Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden
| | - S Acosta
- Vascular Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden.
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Azari IM, Drevinge C, Täng MS, Andersson L, Ståhlman M, Borén J, Levin M. Perilipin 2 plays a role for myocardial lipid storage and function. Atherosclerosis 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.04.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Jäderkvist K, Johansson L, Mykkänen A, Mäenpää M, Andersson L, Andersson L, Árnason T, Lindgren G. 36 The DMRT3 “Gait keeper” mutation affects harness racing performance and riding traits in Finnhorses. J Equine Vet Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2015.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Borland M, Rosenkvist A, Henriksson M, Olsson K, Sundberg H, Philip Wigh J, Corin M, Landh L, Grüner Svealv B, Scharin Tang M, Andersson L, Nordeman L, Bergfeldt L, Cider Å. Should supervised exercise or physical activity counseling be used to improve physical fitness in elderly patients with permanent atrial fibrillation? Physiotherapy 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Bagher A, Andersson L, Wingren CJ, Ottosson A, Wangefjord S, Acosta S. Outcome after red trauma alarm at an urban Swedish hospital: implications for prevention. Scand J Public Health 2015; 43:506-13. [PMID: 25816859 DOI: 10.1177/1403494815578322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We applied the new injury severity scoring system and studied mechanisms of injury and risk factors for mortality, in order to find potential preventive measures, in the present Scandinavian trauma cohort triaged through red trauma alarm according to the Medical Emergency Triage and Treatment System. METHODS Individuals were identified in hospital and forensic records. New injury severity scoring system >15 was defined as major trauma. Inter-rater reliability of new injury severity scoring system was expressed as intra-class correlation coefficient with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS There were 125 major and 303 minor traumas. The intra-class correlation coefficient was 0.83 (95% confidence intervals 0.58-0.94) for major trauma and intra-class correlation coefficient was 0.96 (95% confidence intervals 0.89-0.98) for minor trauma. Traffic (37%) and fall (31%) accidents were the leading mechanisms of injury. Elderly (aged ⩾65 years) were at an increased risk of fall accidents (p<0.001). The overall 3 month mortality rate was 10.3% (2% for new injury severity scoring system 16-24, 39% for new injury severity scoring system 25-40 and 68% for new injury severity scoring system >40). A higher new injury severity scoring system score (p<0.001), higher age (p<0.001), shock at admission (p<0.001), intensive care unit stay (p<0.004) and administration of massive red blood cell transfusion (p<0.048) were associated with mortality. Thirty-three patients underwent forensic autopsy and were tested positive for one or multiple drugs in 52% and 33%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The high prevalence of detected drugs among those undergoing forensic toxicological examination suggests that toxicology screening should be integrated into all red trauma alarm admissions, which may have implications on prevention of future trauma morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Bagher
- Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden
| | | | - Carl Johan Wingren
- National Board of Forensic Medicine, Sweden Unit for Forensic Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Anders Ottosson
- National Board of Forensic Medicine, Sweden Unit for Forensic Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Sweden
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Andersson L. Response on the author's reply to the letter to the editor: Contradictory data on type 1 diabetes in a recently published article "Risks of neurological and immune-related diseases, including narcolepsy, after vaccination with Pandemrix". J Intern Med 2015; 277:272-273. [PMID: 25359510 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Andersson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Hermawati S, Lawson G, D'Cruz M, Arlt F, Apold J, Andersson L, Lövgren MG, Malmsköld L. Understanding the complex needs of automotive training at final assembly lines. Appl Ergon 2015; 46 Pt A:144-157. [PMID: 25130310 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2014.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Automobile final assembly operators must be highly skilled to succeed in a low automation environment where multiple variants must be assembled in quick succession. This paper presents formal user studies conducted at OPEL and VOLVO Group to identify assembly training needs and a subset of requirements; and to explore potential features of a hypothetical game-based virtual training system. Stakeholder analysis, timeline analysis, link analysis, Hierarchical Task Analysis and thematic content analysis were used to analyse the results of interviews with various stakeholders (17 and 28 participants at OPEL and VOLVO, respectively). The results show that there is a strong case for the implementation of virtual training for assembly tasks. However, it was also revealed that stakeholders would prefer to use a virtual training to complement, rather than replace, training on pre-series vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setia Hermawati
- Human Factors Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Nottingham, United Kingdom.
| | - Glyn Lawson
- Human Factors Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mirabelle D'Cruz
- Human Factors Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Frank Arlt
- Adam Opel AG - General Motors Company, Rüsselsheim, Germany
| | - Judith Apold
- Adam Opel AG - General Motors Company, Rüsselsheim, Germany
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Andersson L. Contradictory data on type 1 diabetes in a recently published article 'Risks of neurological and immune-related diseases, including narcolepsy, after vaccination with Pandemrix: a population- and registry-based cohort study with over 2 years of follow-up' (J Intern Med 2013). J Intern Med 2014; 276:414-7. [PMID: 24698654 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Andersson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Jäderkvist K, Andersson LS, Johansson AM, Árnason T, Mikko S, Eriksson S, Andersson L, Lindgren G. The DMRT3 'Gait keeper' mutation affects performance of Nordic and Standardbred trotters. J Anim Sci 2014; 92:4279-86. [PMID: 25085403 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2014-7803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In a previous study it was shown that a nonsense mutation in the DMRT3 gene alters the pattern of locomotion in horses and that this mutation has a strong positive impact on trotting performance of Standardbreds. One aim of this study was to test if racing performance and trotting technique in the Nordic (Coldblood) trotters are also influenced by the DMRT3 genotype. Another aim was to further investigate the effect of the mutation on performance in Standardbreds, by using a within-family analysis and genotype-phenotype correlations in a larger horse material than in the previous study. We genotyped 427 Nordic trotters and 621 Standardbreds for the DMRT3 nonsense mutation and a SNP in strong linkage disequilibrium with it. In Nordic trotters, we show that horses homozygous for the DMRT3 mutation (A) had significantly higher EBV for trotting performance traits than heterozygous (CA) or homozygous wild-type (CC) horses (P = 0.001). Furthermore, AA homozygotes had a higher proportion of victories and top 3 placings than horses heterozygous or homozygous wild-type, when analyzing performance data for the period 3 to 6 yr of age (P = 0.06 and P = 0.05, respectively). Another finding in the Nordic trotters was that the DMRT3 mutation influenced trotting technique (P = 2.1 × 10(-8)). Standardbred horses homozygous AA had significantly higher EBV for all traits than horses with at least 1 wild-type allele (CA and CC; P = 1.6 × 10(-16)). In a within-family analysis of Standardbreds, we found significant differences in several traits (e.g., earnings, P = 0.002; number of entered races, P = 0.004; and fraction of offspring that entered races, P = 0.002) among paternal half-sibs with genotype AA or CA sired by a CA stallion. For most traits, we found significant differences at young ages. For Nordic trotters, most of the results were significant at 3 yr of age but not for the older ages, and for the Standardbreds most of the results for the ages 3 to 5 were significant. For Nordic trotters, the proportion of victories and placings were the only traits that were significant for other ages than 3 yr.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Jäderkvist
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - L S Andersson
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - A M Johansson
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - T Árnason
- IHBC AB, Knubbo, SE-744 94 Morgongåva, Sweden
| | - S Mikko
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - S Eriksson
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - L Andersson
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, SE-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - G Lindgren
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
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45
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Goldman MV, Newman DL, Lapenta G, Andersson L, Gosling JT, Eriksson S, Markidis S, Eastwood JP, Ergun R. Čerenkov emission of quasiparallel whistlers by fast electron phase-space holes during magnetic reconnection. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 112:145002. [PMID: 24765977 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.145002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Kinetic simulations of magnetotail reconnection have revealed electromagnetic whistlers originating near the exhaust boundary and propagating into the inflow region. The whistler production mechanism is not a linear instability, but rather is Čerenkov emission of almost parallel whistlers from localized moving clumps of charge (finite-size quasiparticles) associated with nonlinear coherent electron phase space holes. Whistlers are strongly excited by holes without ever growing exponentially. In the simulation the whistlers are emitted in the source region from holes that accelerate down the magnetic separatrix towards the x line. The phase velocity of the whistlers vφ in the source region is everywhere well matched to the hole velocity vH as required by the Čerenkov condition. The simulation shows emission is most efficient near the theoretical maximum vφ=half the electron Alfven speed, consistent with the new theoretical prediction that faster holes radiate more efficiently. While transferring energy to whistlers the holes lose coherence and dissipate over a few local ion inertial lengths. The whistlers, however, propagate to the x line and out over many 10's of ion inertial lengths into the inflow region of reconnection. As the whistlers pass near the x line they modulate the rate at which magnetic field lines reconnect.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Goldman
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - D L Newman
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - G Lapenta
- Leuven Universiteit, Celestijnenlaan 200B, B-2001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - L Andersson
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - J T Gosling
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - S Eriksson
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - S Markidis
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J P Eastwood
- The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom
| | - R Ergun
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
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46
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Johnsson M, Rubin CJ, Höglund A, Sahlqvist AS, Jonsson KB, Kerje S, Ekwall O, Kämpe O, Andersson L, Jensen P, Wright D. The role of pleiotropy and linkage in genes affecting a sexual ornament and bone allocation in the chicken. Mol Ecol 2014; 23:2275-86. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.12723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Johnsson
- IFM Biologi; AVIAN Behavioural Genomics and Physiology group; Linköping University; SE-58183 Linköping Sweden
| | - C.-J. Rubin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology; Uppsala University; PO Box 582 SE-751 23 Uppsala Sweden
| | - A. Höglund
- IFM Biologi; AVIAN Behavioural Genomics and Physiology group; Linköping University; SE-58183 Linköping Sweden
| | - A.-S. Sahlqvist
- Research group of Autoimmunity; Akademiska Sjukhuset; Uppsala University; 751 85 Uppsala Sweden
| | - K. B. Jonsson
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Orthopaedics; Akademiska Sjukhuset; Uppsala University; 751 85 Uppsala Sweden
| | - S. Kerje
- Research group of Autoimmunity; Akademiska Sjukhuset; Uppsala University; 751 85 Uppsala Sweden
| | - O. Ekwall
- Research group of Autoimmunity; Akademiska Sjukhuset; Uppsala University; 751 85 Uppsala Sweden
- Rheumatology and Inflammation Research; Institute of Medicine; Sahlgrenska Academy; Guldhedsgatan 10A SE-413 46 Gothenburg Sweden
| | - O. Kämpe
- Research group of Autoimmunity; Akademiska Sjukhuset; Uppsala University; 751 85 Uppsala Sweden
| | - L. Andersson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology; Uppsala University; PO Box 582 SE-751 23 Uppsala Sweden
| | - P. Jensen
- IFM Biologi; AVIAN Behavioural Genomics and Physiology group; Linköping University; SE-58183 Linköping Sweden
| | - D. Wright
- IFM Biologi; AVIAN Behavioural Genomics and Physiology group; Linköping University; SE-58183 Linköping Sweden
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47
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Diangelis AJ, Andreasen JO, Ebeleseder KA, Kenny DJ, Trope M, Sigurdsson A, Andersson L, Bourguignon C, Flores MT, Hicks ML, Lenzi AR, Malmgren B, Moule AJ, Pohl Y, Tsukiboshi M. [International Association of Dental Traumatology guidelines for the management of traumatic dental injuries: 3. Injuries in the primary dentition. Hebrew edition]. Refuat Hapeh Vehashinayim (1993) 2014; 31:70-91. [PMID: 25252473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic injuries to the primary dentition present special problems and the management is often different as compared with the permanent dentition. The International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT) has developed a consensus statement after a review of the dental literature and group discussions. Experienced researchers and clinicians from various specialities were included in the task group. In cases where the data did not appear conclusive, recommendations were based on the consensus opinion or majority decision of the task group. Finally, the IADT board members were giving their opinion and approval. The primary goal of these guidelines is to delineate an approach for the immediate or urgent care for management of primary teeth injuries. The IADT cannot and does not guarantee favorable outcomes from strict adherence to the guidelines, but believe that their application can maximize the chances of a positive outcome. The Hebrew Edition is part of the IADT global effort to provide a worldwide accessibility to these guidelines. This third part will discuss injuries in the primary dentition.
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48
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Diangelis AJ, Andreasen JO, Ebeleseder KA, Kenny DJ, Trope M, Sigurdsson A, Andersson L, Bourguignon C, Flores MT, Hicks ML, Lenzi AR, Malmgren B, Moule AJ, Pohl Y, Tsukiboshi M. [International Association of Dental Traumatology guidelines for the management of traumatic dental injuries: 2. Avulsion of permanent teeth. Hebrew edition]. Refuat Hapeh Vehashinayim (1993) 2014; 31:57-90. [PMID: 25252472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Avulsion of permanent teeth is one of the most serious dental injuries, and a prompt and correct emergency management is very important for the prognosis. The International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT) has developed a consensus statement after a review of the dental literature and group discussions. Experienced researchers and clinicians from various specialties were included in the task group. The guidelines represent the current best evidence and practice based on literature research and professionals' opinion. In cases where the data did not appear conclusive, recommendations were based on the consensus opinion or majority decision of the task group. Finally, the IADT board members were giving their opinion and approval. The primary goal of these guidelines is to delineate an approach for the immediate or urgent care of avulsed permanent teeth. The Hebrew Edition is part of the IADT global effort to provide a worldwide accessibility to these guidelines. This scond part of the guidelines will focus on avulsion of permanent teeth.
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49
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Diangelis AJ, Andreasen JO, Ebeleseder KA, Kenny DJ, Trope M, Sigurdsson A, Andersson L, Bourguignon C, Flores MT, Hicks ML, Lenzi AR, Malmgren B, Moule AJ, Pohl Y, Tsukiboshi M. [International Association of Dental Traumatology guidelines for the management of traumatic dental injuries: 1. Fractures and luxations of permanent teeth. Hebrew edition]. Refuat Hapeh Vehashinayim (1993) 2014; 31:42-89. [PMID: 25252471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) of permanent teeth occur frequently in children and young adults. Crown fractures and luxations are the most commonly occurring of all dental injuries. Proper diagnosis, treatment planning and follow up are important for improving a favorable outcome. Guidelines should assist dentists and patients in decision making and for providing the best care effectively and efficiently. The International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT) has developed a consensus statement after a review of the dental literature and group discussions. Experienced researchers and clinicians from various specialties were included in the group. In cases where the data did not appear conclusive, recommendations were based on the consensus opinion of the IADT board members. The guidelines represent the best current evidence based on literature search and professional opinion. The primary goal of these guidelines is to delineate an approach for the immediate or urgent care of TDIs. In this first article, the IADT Guidelines for management of fractures and luxations of permanent teeth will be presented. The Hebrew Edition is part of the IADT global effort to provide accessibility to these guidelines worldwide.
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50
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Promerová M, Andersson LS, Juras R, Penedo MCT, Reissmann M, Tozaki T, Bellone R, Dunner S, Hořín P, Imsland F, Imsland P, Mikko S, Modrý D, Roed KH, Schwochow D, Vega-Pla JL, Mehrabani-Yeganeh H, Yousefi-Mashouf N, G Cothran E, Lindgren G, Andersson L. Worldwide frequency distribution of the 'Gait keeper' mutation in the DMRT3 gene. Anim Genet 2014; 45:274-82. [PMID: 24444049 DOI: 10.1111/age.12120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
For centuries, domestic horses have represented an important means of transport and served as working and companion animals. Although their role in transportation is less important today, many horse breeds are still subject to intense selection based on their pattern of locomotion. A striking example of such a selected trait is the ability of a horse to perform additional gaits other than the common walk, trot and gallop. Those could be four-beat ambling gaits, which are particularly smooth and comfortable for the rider, or pace, used mainly in racing. Gaited horse breeds occur around the globe, suggesting that gaitedness is an old trait, selected for in many breeds. A recent study discovered that a nonsense mutation in DMRT3 has a major impact on gaitedness in horses and is present at a high frequency in gaited breeds and in horses bred for harness racing. Here, we report a study of the worldwide distribution of this mutation. We genotyped 4396 horses representing 141 horse breeds for the DMRT3 stop mutation. More than half (2749) of these horses also were genotyped for a SNP situated 32 kb upstream of the DMRT3 nonsense mutation because these two SNPs are in very strong linkage disequilibrium. We show that the DMRT3 mutation is present in 68 of the 141 genotyped horse breeds at a frequency ranging from 1% to 100%. We also show that the mutation is not limited to a geographical area, but is found worldwide. The breeds with a high frequency of the stop mutation (>50%) are either classified as gaited or bred for harness racing.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Promerová
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, SE-75123, Uppsala, Sweden
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