1
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Polivka L, Parietti V, Bruneau J, Soucie E, Madrange M, Bayard E, Rignault R, Canioni D, Fraitag S, Lhermitte L, Feroul M, Tissandier M, Rossignol J, Frenzel L, Cagnard N, Meni C, Bouktit H, Collange AF, Gougoula C, Parisot M, Bader-Meunier B, Livideanu C, Laurent C, Arock M, Hadj-Rabia S, Rüther U, Dubreuil P, Bodemer C, Hermine O, Maouche-Chrétien L. The association of Greig syndrome and mastocytosis reveals the involvement of the hedgehog pathway in advanced mastocytosis. Blood 2021; 138:2396-2407. [PMID: 34424959 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020010207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mastocytosis is a heterogeneous disease characterized by an abnormal accumulation of mast cells (MCs) in 1 or several organs. Although a somatic KIT D816V mutation is detected in ∼85% of patients, attempts to demonstrate its oncogenic effect alone have repeatedly failed, suggesting that additional pathways are involved in MC transformation. From 3 children presenting with both Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome (GCPS, Mendelian Inheritance in Man [175700]) and congenital mastocytosis, we demonstrated the involvement of the hedgehog (Hh) pathway in mastocytosis. GCPS is an extremely rare syndrome resulting from haploinsufficiency of GLI3, the major repressor of Hh family members. From these familial cases of mastocytosis, we demonstrate that the Hh pathway is barely active in normal primary MCs and is overactive in neoplastic MCs. GLI3 and KIT mutations had a synergistic, tumorigenic effect on the onset of mastocytosis in a GCPS mouse model. Finally, Hh inhibitors suppressed neoplastic MC proliferation in vitro and extend the survival time of mice with aggressive systemic mastocytosis (ASM). This work revealed, for the first time, the involvement of Hh signaling in the pathophysiology of mastocytosis and demonstrated the cooperative effects of the KIT and Hh oncogenic pathways in mice with ASM, leading to the identification of new promising therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Polivka
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Hematologic Disorders and Therapeutic Implications, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1163, Paris-Centre University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Department of Dermatology, Reference Center for Genodermatoses (MAGEC), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares des Mastocytoses (CEREMAST), Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | - V Parietti
- Department of Animal Experimentation, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - J Bruneau
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris-Centre University, Paris, France
| | - E Soucie
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM U1068, Marseille, France
| | - M Madrange
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Hematologic Disorders and Therapeutic Implications, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1163, Paris-Centre University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - E Bayard
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Hematologic Disorders and Therapeutic Implications, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1163, Paris-Centre University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - R Rignault
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Hematologic Disorders and Therapeutic Implications, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1163, Paris-Centre University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - D Canioni
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris-Centre University, Paris, France
| | - S Fraitag
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris-Centre University, Paris, France
| | - L Lhermitte
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Université de Paris, INSERM Unité (U)1151, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Onco-Hematology, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - M Feroul
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Université de Paris, INSERM Unité (U)1151, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Onco-Hematology, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - M Tissandier
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Hematologic Disorders and Therapeutic Implications, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1163, Paris-Centre University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - J Rossignol
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Hematologic Disorders and Therapeutic Implications, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1163, Paris-Centre University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares des Mastocytoses (CEREMAST), Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | - L Frenzel
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Hematologic Disorders and Therapeutic Implications, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1163, Paris-Centre University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares des Mastocytoses (CEREMAST), Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
- Department of Hematology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, AP-HP, Paris-Centre University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - N Cagnard
- Bioinformatics, Platform Bioinformatics, INSERM U1163, Paris-Centre University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - C Meni
- Department of Dermatology, Reference Center for Genodermatoses (MAGEC), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - H Bouktit
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares des Mastocytoses (CEREMAST), Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | - A-F Collange
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Hematologic Disorders and Therapeutic Implications, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1163, Paris-Centre University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares des Mastocytoses (CEREMAST), Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | - C Gougoula
- Central Unit for Animal Research and Animal Welfare Affairs (ZETT), Heinrich-Heine-University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M Parisot
- Genomics Core Facility, Institut Imagine-Structure Fédérative de Recherche Necker, INSERM U1163 et INSERM US24/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Service (UMS)3633, Paris-Centre University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - B Bader-Meunier
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Hematology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, AP-HP, INSERM U1163, Paris-Centre University, Paris, France
| | - C Livideanu
- Service de Dermatologie, CEREMAST, CHU de Toulouse
| | - C Laurent
- Service d'Anatomie-Pathologique, Oncopole, Centre Hospitalier de Universitaire (CJU) de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - M Arock
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares des Mastocytoses (CEREMAST), Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM Unité de Recherche Mixte en Santé (UMRS)1138, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Hematology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; and
| | - S Hadj-Rabia
- Department of Dermatology, Reference Center for Genodermatoses (MAGEC), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - U Rüther
- Institute of Animal Developmental and Molecular Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - P Dubreuil
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM U1068, Marseille, France
| | - C Bodemer
- Department of Dermatology, Reference Center for Genodermatoses (MAGEC), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares des Mastocytoses (CEREMAST), Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | - O Hermine
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Hematologic Disorders and Therapeutic Implications, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1163, Paris-Centre University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares des Mastocytoses (CEREMAST), Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
- Department of Hematology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, AP-HP, Paris-Centre University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - L Maouche-Chrétien
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Hematologic Disorders and Therapeutic Implications, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1163, Paris-Centre University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Department of Dermatology, Reference Center for Genodermatoses (MAGEC), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares des Mastocytoses (CEREMAST), Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
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Le Joncour A, Desbois A, Regner P, Maciejewski-Duval A, Comarmond C, Barète S, Arock M, Fouret P, Rosenzwajg M, Bruneval P, Launay J, Koskas F, Klatzmann D, Cacoub P, Kaplanski G, Saadoun D. Rôle des mastocytes dans le remodelage vasculaire de la maladie de Takayasu. Rev Med Interne 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2020.10.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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3
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Bugaut H, Maillard H, Jacobzone C, Le Pelletier F, Charlotte F, Arock M, Dubreuil P, Bulai Livideanu C, Hermine O, Barete S. La cladribine améliore les manifestations cutanées, la qualité de vie dermatologique et spécifique des patients adultes avec mastocytose : étude rétrospective de 16 patients du CEREMAST. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2020.09.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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4
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Polivka L, Parietti V, Soucie E, Bayard E, Canioni D, Fraitag S, Lhermitte L, Tissandier M, Rossignol J, Cagnard N, Bader-Meunier B, Arock M, Hadj-Rabia S, Dubreuil P, Bodemer C, Hermine O, Maouche-Chrétien L. Implication de la voie de signalisation Hedgehog dans les mastocytoses. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2020.09.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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5
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Desbois A, Cacoub P, Leroyer A, Tellier E, Maciejewsky A, Comarmond C, Barète S, Arock M, Bruneval P, Klatzmann D, Kaplanski G, Saadoun D. Effets immunomodulateurs de l’IL-33/ST2 et des mastocytes au cours des vascularites des gros vaisseaux. Rev Med Interne 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2017.10.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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6
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Peter B, Bibi S, Eisenwort G, Wingelhofer B, Berger D, Stefanzl G, Blatt K, Herrmann H, Hadzijusufovic E, Hoermann G, Hoffmann T, Schwaab J, Jawhar M, Willmann M, Sperr WR, Zuber J, Sotlar K, Horny HP, Moriggl R, Reiter A, Arock M, Valent P. Drug-induced inhibition of phosphorylation of STAT5 overrides drug resistance in neoplastic mast cells. Leukemia 2017; 32:1016-1022. [PMID: 29249817 PMCID: PMC6037300 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Systemic mastocytosis (SM) is a mast cell (MC) neoplasm with complex pathology and a variable clinical course. In aggressive SM (ASM) and MC leukemia (MCL) responses to conventional drugs are poor and the prognosis is dismal. R763 is a multi-kinase inhibitor that blocks the activity of Aurora-kinase-A/B, ABL1, AKT and FLT3. We examined the effects of R763 on proliferation and survival of neoplastic MC. R763 produced dose-dependent inhibition of proliferation in the human MC lines HMC-1.1 (IC50 5-50 nM), HMC-1.2 (IC50 1-10 nM), ROSAKIT WT (IC50 1-10 nM), ROSAKIT D816V (IC50 50-500 nM) and MCPV-1.1 (IC50 100-1000 nM). Moreover, R763 induced growth inhibition in primary neoplastic MC in patients with ASM and MCL. Growth-inhibitory effects of R763 were accompanied by signs of apoptosis and a G2/M cell cycle arrest. R763 also inhibited phosphorylation of KIT, BTK, AKT and STAT5 in neoplastic MC. The most sensitive target appeared to be STAT5. In fact, tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT5 was inhibited by R763 at 10 nM. At this low concentration, R763 produced synergistic growth-inhibitory effects on neoplastic MC when combined with midostaurin or dasatinib. Together, R763 is a novel promising multi-kinase inhibitor that blocks STAT5 activation and thereby overrides drug-resistance in neoplastic MC.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Peter
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - S Bibi
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Pharmacologie Appliquée, CNRS UMR 8113, Ecole Normale Superieure de Cachan, Cachan, France
| | - G Eisenwort
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - B Wingelhofer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - D Berger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - G Stefanzl
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - K Blatt
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - H Herrmann
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - E Hadzijusufovic
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department for Companion Animals and Horses, Clinical Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - G Hoermann
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna,Austria
| | - T Hoffmann
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna, Austria
| | - J Schwaab
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - M Jawhar
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - M Willmann
- Department for Companion Animals and Horses, Clinical Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - W R Sperr
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Zuber
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna, Austria
| | - K Sotlar
- University Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - H-P Horny
- Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - R Moriggl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Reiter
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - M Arock
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Pharmacologie Appliquée, CNRS UMR 8113, Ecole Normale Superieure de Cachan, Cachan, France.,Laboratory of Hematology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - P Valent
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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7
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Valent P, Akin C, Hartmann K, George TI, Sotlar K, Peter B, Gleixner KV, Blatt K, Sperr WR, Manley PW, Hermine O, Kluin-Nelemans HC, Arock M, Horny HP, Reiter A, Gotlib J. Midostaurin: a magic bullet that blocks mast cell expansion and activation. Ann Oncol 2017; 28:2367-2376. [PMID: 28945834 PMCID: PMC7115852 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinically relevant features in patients with systemic mastocytosis (SM) include the cosmetic burden of lesional skin, mediator-related symptoms, and organ damage resulting from mast cell (MC) infiltration in advanced forms of SM. Regardless of the SM variant, expansion of neoplastic MC in the skin and other organs is triggered by mutant forms of KIT, the most prevalent being D816V. Activation of MC with subsequent release of chemical mediators is often caused by IgE-dependent mechanisms in these patients. Midostaurin, also known as PKC412, blocks the kinase activity of wild-type KIT and KIT D816V, counteracts KIT-dependent growth of neoplastic MC, and inhibits IgE-dependent mediator secretion. Based on this activity-profile, the drug has been used for treatment of patients with advanced SM. Indeed, encouraging results have been obtained with the drug in a recent multi-center phase II trial in patients with advanced SM, with an overall response rate of 60% and a substantial decrease in the burden of neoplastic MC in various organs. Moreover, midostaurin improved the overall survival and relapse-free survival in patients with advanced SM compared with historical controls. In addition, midostaurin was found to improve mediator-related symptoms and quality of life, suggesting that the drug may also be useful in patients with indolent SM suffering from mediator-related symptoms resistant to conventional therapies or those with MC activation syndromes. Ongoing and future studies will determine the actual value of midostaurin-induced MC depletion and MC deactivation in these additional indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Valent
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria;; Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria;.
| | - C Akin
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - K Hartmann
- Department of Dermatology, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - T I George
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, USA
| | - K Sotlar
- Institute of Pathology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - B Peter
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria;; Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - K V Gleixner
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria;; Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - K Blatt
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria;; Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - W R Sperr
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria;; Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - O Hermine
- Centre National de Référence des Mastocytoses, Imagine Institute Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - H C Kluin-Nelemans
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Arock
- LBPA CNRS UMR8113, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, Cachan, France
| | - H-P Horny
- Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - A Reiter
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - J Gotlib
- Stanford University School of Medicine/Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, USA
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8
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Valent P, Sotlar K, Blatt K, Hartmann K, Reiter A, Sadovnik I, Sperr WR, Bettelheim P, Akin C, Bauer K, George TI, Hadzijusufovic E, Wolf D, Gotlib J, Mahon FX, Metcalfe DD, Horny HP, Arock M. Proposed diagnostic criteria and classification of basophilic leukemias and related disorders. Leukemia 2017; 31:788-797. [PMID: 28090091 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Basophils form a distinct cell lineage within the hematopoietic cell family. In various myeloid neoplasms, including chronic myeloid leukemia, basophilia is frequently seen. Acute and chronic basophilic leukemias, albeit rare, have also been described. However, no generally accepted criteria and classification of basophilic leukemias have been presented to date. To address this unmet need, a series of Working Conferences and other meetings were organized between March 2015 and March 2016. The current article provides a summary of consensus statements from these meetings, together with proposed criteria to delineate acute basophilic leukemia (ABL) from chronic basophilic leukemia (CBL) and primary forms of the disease where no preceding myeloid malignancy is detected, from the more common 'secondary' variants. Moreover, the term hyperbasophilia (HB) is proposed for cases with a persistent peripheral basophil count ⩾1000 per μl of blood. This condition, HB, is highly indicative of the presence of an underlying myeloid neoplasm. Therefore, HB is an important checkpoint in the diagnostic algorithm and requires a detailed hematologic investigation. In these patients, an underlying myeloid malignancy is often found and is then labeled with the appendix -baso, whereas primary cases of ABL or CBL are very rare. The criteria and classification proposed in this article should facilitate the diagnosis and management of patients with unexplained basophilia and basophil neoplasms in routine practice, and in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Valent
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology and Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - K Sotlar
- Institute of Pathology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - K Blatt
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology and Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - K Hartmann
- Department of Dermatology, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - A Reiter
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - I Sadovnik
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology and Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - W R Sperr
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology and Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - P Bettelheim
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Elisabethinen Hospital Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - C Akin
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - K Bauer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology and Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - T I George
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - E Hadzijusufovic
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology and Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - D Wolf
- Medical Clinic III for Oncology, Haematology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - J Gotlib
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - F-X Mahon
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, CHU de Bordeaux, France
| | - D D Metcalfe
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - H-P Horny
- Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - M Arock
- LBPA CNRS UMR8113, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, Cachan, France
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9
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Tollenaere Q, Bachmeyer C, Soria A, Thomas D, Arock M, Hermine O, Georgin-Lavialle S. Syncopes et décès cardiovasculaires dans la mastocytose systémique. Rev Med Interne 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2015.10.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Valent P, Escribano L, Broesby-Olsen S, Hartmann K, Grattan C, Brockow K, Niedoszytko M, Nedoszytko B, Oude Elberink JNG, Kristensen T, Butterfield JH, Triggiani M, Alvarez-Twose I, Reiter A, Sperr WR, Sotlar K, Yavuz S, Kluin-Nelemans HC, Hermine O, Radia D, van Doormaal JJ, Gotlib J, Orfao A, Siebenhaar F, Schwartz LB, Castells M, Maurer M, Horny HP, Akin C, Metcalfe DD, Arock M. Proposed diagnostic algorithm for patients with suspected mastocytosis: a proposal of the European Competence Network on Mastocytosis. Allergy 2014; 69:1267-74. [PMID: 24836395 DOI: 10.1111/all.12436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mastocytosis is an emerging differential diagnosis in patients with more or less specific mediator-related symptoms. In some of these patients, typical skin lesions are found and the diagnosis of mastocytosis can be established. In other cases, however, skin lesions are absent, which represents a diagnostic challenge. In the light of this unmet need, we developed a diagnostic algorithm for patients with suspected mastocytosis. In adult patients with typical lesions of mastocytosis in the skin, a bone marrow (BM) biopsy should be considered, regardless of the basal serum tryptase concentration. In adults without skin lesions who suffer from mediator-related or other typical symptoms, the basal tryptase level is an important parameter. In those with a slightly increased tryptase level, additional investigations, including a sensitive KIT mutation analysis of blood leucocytes or measurement of urinary histamine metabolites, may be helpful. In adult patients in whom (i) KIT D816V is detected and/or (ii) the basal serum tryptase level is clearly increased (>25-30 ng/ml) and/or (iii) other clinical or laboratory features suggest the presence of 'occult' mastocytosis or another haematologic neoplasm, a BM investigation is recommended. In the absence of KIT D816V and other signs or symptoms of mastocytosis or another haematopoietic disease, no BM investigation is required, but the clinical course and tryptase levels are monitored in the follow-up. In paediatric patients, a BM investigation is usually not required, even if the tryptase level is increased. Although validation is required, it can be expected that the algorithm proposed herein will facilitate the management of patients with suspected mastocytosis and help avoid unnecessary referrals and investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Valent
- Division of Haematology; Department of Internal Medicine I; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - L. Escribano
- Servicio Central de Citometria; Centro de Investigacion del Cancer (IBMCC; CSIC/USAL); IBSAL and Department of Medicine; University of Salamanca; Salamanca Spain
| | - S. Broesby-Olsen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre; Odense University Hospital; Odense Denmark
| | - K. Hartmann
- Department of Dermatology; University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - C. Grattan
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital; Norwich UK
| | - K. Brockow
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein; Technical University of Munich; Munich Germany
| | - M. Niedoszytko
- Department of Allergology; Medical University of Gdansk; Gdansk Poland
| | - B. Nedoszytko
- Department of Dermatology; Medical University of Gdansk; Gdansk Poland
| | - J. N. G. Oude Elberink
- Department of Allergology; University Medical Center of Groningen; University of Groningen; Groningen the Netherlands
| | - T. Kristensen
- Department of Pathology; Odense University Hospital; Odense Denmark
| | | | - M. Triggiani
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology; University of Salerno; Salerno Italy
| | - I. Alvarez-Twose
- Instituto de Estudios de Mastocitosis de Castilla La Mancha (CLMast); Hospital Virgen del Valle; Toledo Spain
| | - A. Reiter
- III. Medizinische Klinik; Universitäts-Medizin Mannheim; Universität Heidelberg; Mannheim Germany
| | - W. R. Sperr
- Division of Haematology; Department of Internal Medicine I; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - K. Sotlar
- Institute of Pathology; Ludwig-Maximilians-University; Munich Germany
| | - S. Yavuz
- Division of Haematology; Department of Internal Medicine; University of Istanbul; Istanbul Turkey
| | - H. C. Kluin-Nelemans
- Department of Haematology; University Medical Center Groningen; University of Groningen; Groningen the Netherlands
| | - O. Hermine
- Imagine Institute Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne, Paris Cité; Centre national de référence des mastocytoses; Paris France
| | - D. Radia
- Department of Haematology; Guys and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust; Guys Hospital; London UK
| | - J. J. van Doormaal
- Department of Allergology; University Medical Center of Groningen; University of Groningen; Groningen the Netherlands
| | - J. Gotlib
- Stanford Cancer Institute; Stanford University School of Medicine; Stanford CA USA
| | - A. Orfao
- Servicio Central de Citometria; Centro de Investigacion del Cancer (IBMCC; CSIC/USAL); IBSAL and Department of Medicine; University of Salamanca; Salamanca Spain
| | - F. Siebenhaar
- Department of Dermatology & Allergy; Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - L. B. Schwartz
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology; Department of Internal Medicine; Virginia Common-wealth University; Richmond VA USA
| | - M. Castells
- Division of Allergy and Immunology; Department of Medicine; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Boston MA USA
| | - M. Maurer
- Department of Dermatology & Allergy; Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - H.-P. Horny
- Institute of Pathology; Ludwig-Maximilians-University; Munich Germany
| | - C. Akin
- Division of Allergy and Immunology; Department of Medicine; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Boston MA USA
| | - D. D. Metcalfe
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases; NIAID; NIH; Bethesda MD USA
| | - M. Arock
- LBPA CNRS UMR8113; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan; Cachan France
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Valent P, Sotlar K, Sperr WR, Escribano L, Yavuz S, Reiter A, George TI, Kluin-Nelemans HC, Hermine O, Butterfield JH, Hägglund H, Ustun C, Hornick JL, Triggiani M, Radia D, Akin C, Hartmann K, Gotlib J, Schwartz LB, Verstovsek S, Orfao A, Metcalfe DD, Arock M, Horny HP. Refined diagnostic criteria and classification of mast cell leukemia (MCL) and myelomastocytic leukemia (MML): a consensus proposal. Ann Oncol 2014; 25:1691-1700. [PMID: 24675021 PMCID: PMC4155468 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cell leukemia (MCL), the leukemic manifestation of systemic mastocytosis (SM), is characterized by leukemic expansion of immature mast cells (MCs) in the bone marrow (BM) and other internal organs; and a poor prognosis. In a subset of patients, circulating MCs are detectable. A major differential diagnosis to MCL is myelomastocytic leukemia (MML). Although criteria for both MCL and MML have been published, several questions remain concerning terminologies and subvariants. To discuss open issues, the EU/US-consensus group and the European Competence Network on Mastocytosis (ECNM) launched a series of meetings and workshops in 2011-2013. Resulting discussions and outcomes are provided in this article. The group recommends that MML be recognized as a distinct condition defined by mastocytic differentiation in advanced myeloid neoplasms without evidence of SM. The group also proposes that MCL be divided into acute MCL and chronic MCL, based on the presence or absence of C-Findings. In addition, a primary (de novo) form of MCL should be separated from secondary MCL that typically develops in the presence of a known antecedent MC neoplasm, usually aggressive SM (ASM) or MC sarcoma. For MCL, an imminent prephase is also proposed. This prephase represents ASM with rapid progression and 5%-19% MCs in BM smears, which is generally accepted to be of prognostic significance. We recommend that this condition be termed ASM in transformation to MCL (ASM-t). The refined classification of MCL fits within and extends the current WHO classification; and should improve prognostication and patient selection in practice as well as in clinical trials.
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MESH Headings
- Bone Marrow Examination
- Diagnosis, Differential
- Disease Progression
- Humans
- Leukemia, Mast-Cell/classification
- Leukemia, Mast-Cell/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute/classification
- Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic/classification
- Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic/diagnosis
- Mast Cells/pathology
- Mastocytosis/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- P Valent
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - K Sotlar
- Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - W R Sperr
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - L Escribano
- Servicio Central de Citometria, Centro de Investigacion del Cancer (IBMCC; CSIC/USAL) and Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - S Yavuz
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Istanbul, Turkey
| | - A Reiter
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - T I George
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, USA
| | - H C Kluin-Nelemans
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - O Hermine
- Imagine Institute Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne, Paris Cité, Centre national de référence des mastocytoses, Paris, France
| | | | - H Hägglund
- Hematology Center Karolinska, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C Ustun
- Division of Hematology-Oncology and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - J L Hornick
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - M Triggiani
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - D Radia
- Department of Haematology, Guys and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Guys Hospital, London, UK
| | - C Akin
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - K Hartmann
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - J Gotlib
- Stanford Cancer Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford
| | - L B Schwartz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
| | - S Verstovsek
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - A Orfao
- Servicio Central de Citometria, Centro de Investigacion del Cancer (IBMCC; CSIC/USAL) and Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - D D Metcalfe
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - M Arock
- LBPA CNRS UMR8113, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, Cachan, France
| | - H-P Horny
- Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
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12
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Bidri M, Conti M, Franetich JF, Tefit M, Mazier D, Arock M, Vouldoukis I. Fresh aromatic herbs containing methylchavicol did not exhibit the pro-oxidative effects of pure methylchavicol on a human hepatoma cell line, HepG2. Ann Pharm Fr 2012; 70:256-63. [PMID: 23020916 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2012.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2012] [Revised: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Methylchavicol (CH(3)-CV), an important aromatic constituent of different plants like tarragon and basils, has been shown to be carcinogenic by a mechanism yet unclear, although it has been reported that carcinogenicity of CH(3)-CV in rodent might be linked to its metabolic conversion into a genotoxic electrophilic metabolite generated through a two steps bioactivation pathway catalyzed by cytochrome P450 enzymes and sulfotransferases. The induction of carcinogenesis by certain agents has been associated with the generation of oxidative stress. The aim of the present study was to determine whether pure methylchavicol applied on a human hepatoma cell line, HepG2, could promote oxidative stress and might alter the expression of procarcinogenic biomarkers such as the drug-metabolizing enzyme (CYP2E1), the inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and might induce the expression of Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) and Mn-SOD that control the redox equilibrium of the cells. CH(3)-CV was shown to cause a significant induction of oxidative stress, as revealed by luminol-dependent chemiluminescence (LDCL) and to alter dramatically the expression of CYP2E1, iNOS and Mn-SOD, indicating that the toxic effect of CH(3)-CV could be mediated through a nitric oxide dependent mechanism. Under similar experimental conditions, the extracts from tarragon, chervil and basil did not induce such biological changes. These results provide evidence that the generation of an oxidative stress may be a significant event occurring during CH(3)-CV-induced toxicity. It also suggests that natural extracts containing different amounts of CH(3)-CV (tarragon, chervil and basil) did not elicit such toxicity and might contain compounds able to counteract this detrimental property.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bidri
- Laboratoire de biologie des urgences, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, 83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
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13
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Barete S, Assous N, de Gennes C, Grandpeix C, Feger F, Palmerini F, Dubreuil P, Arock M, Roux C, Launay JM, Fraitag S, Canioni D, Billemont B, Suarez F, Lanternier F, Lortholary O, Hermine O, Frances C. Systemic mastocytosis and bone involvement in a cohort of 75 patients. Ann Rheum Dis 2010; 69:1838-41. [DOI: 10.1136/ard.2009.124511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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14
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Valent P, Akin C, Escribano L, Födinger M, Hartmann K, Brockow K, Castells M, Sperr WR, Kluin-Nelemans HC, Hamdy NAT, Lortholary O, Robyn J, van Doormaal J, Sotlar K, Hauswirth AW, Arock M, Hermine O, Hellmann A, Triggiani M, Niedoszytko M, Schwartz LB, Orfao A, Horny HP, Metcalfe DD. Standards and standardization in mastocytosis: consensus statements on diagnostics, treatment recommendations and response criteria. Eur J Clin Invest 2007; 37:435-53. [PMID: 17537151 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2007.01807.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 515] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Although a classification for mastocytosis and diagnostic criteria are available, there remains a need to define standards for the application of diagnostic tests, clinical evaluations, and treatment responses. To address these demands, leading experts discussed current issues and standards in mastocytosis in a Working Conference. The present article provides the resulting outcome with consensus statements, which focus on the appropriate application of clinical and laboratory tests, patient selection for interventional therapy, and the selection of appropriate drugs. In addition, treatment response criteria for the various clinical conditions, disease-specific symptoms, and specific pathologies are provided. Resulting recommendations and algorithms should greatly facilitate the management of patients with mastocytosis in clinical practice, selection of patients for therapies, and the conduct of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Valent
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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15
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Lanternier F, Cohen-Akenine A, Palmerini F, Feger F, Barete S, Ghez D, Casassus P, Bodemer C, Arock M, Dubreuil P, Hermine O, Lortholary O. Le phénotype et le génotype des mastocytoses diffèrent selon l'âge de début. Rev Med Interne 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2006.10.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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16
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Godot V, Garcia G, Capel F, Arock M, Durand-Gasselin I, Asselin-Labat ML, Emilie D, Humbert M. Dexamethasone and IL-10 stimulate glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper synthesis by human mast cells. Allergy 2006; 61:886-90. [PMID: 16792589 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2006.01065.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucocorticoids (GCs) decrease tissue mast cell (MC) number and prevent their activation via their high-affinity IgE receptor. Glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ) is one of the GC-induced genes, which inhibits the functions of the transcriptional activators AP-1 and NF-kappaB. GILZ appears to be a critical actor in the anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects of GCs in human T lymphocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells. AIMS OF THE STUDY We investigated whether GILZ was produced by human MCs and whether GILZ synthesis was stimulated by GCs. We also investigated whether GILZ production was modulated by (i) IL-10, because of its common immunosuppressive properties with GCs, (ii) histamine because of its pro-inflammatory properties and (iii) IL-4 and IL-5 because of their ability to favour MC survival and proliferation with SCF. METHODS The human MC lines HMC-1 5C6 and LAD-2, and cord blood-derived MCs (CB-MCs) were cultured alone or in the presence of GCs, IL-10, histamine, IL-4 or IL-5. The expression of GILZ was evaluated by using RT-PCR, Western blotting or immunocytochemistry. RESULTS We found that human MC lines and CB-MCs constitutively produce GILZ. We also show that GCs and IL-10 stimulate GILZ production by human MCs. Our present results indicate that histamine, IL-4 and IL-5 alone or in combination with SCF do not downregulate GILZ production by MCs. CONCLUSIONS These results show that GCs and IL-10 stimulate GILZ production by human MCs. As GILZ mediates anti-inflammatory effects of GCs in immune cells, we speculate that GILZ could account for the deactivation of MCs by GCs and IL-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Godot
- INSERM U764, Université Paris-Sud 11, Clamart, France
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17
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Godot V, Garcia G, Arock M, Capel F, Flys C, Dy M, Emilie D, Humbert M. 093 L’histamine (via H4) et le ligand de c-kit potentialisent la chimio-attraction des précurseurs de mastocytes induite par SDF-1: rôle crucial des PI 3-kinases de classe IA. Rev Mal Respir 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0761-8425(05)92505-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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Arock M. [Mastocytosis, classification, biological diagnosis and therapy]. Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 2004; 62:657-69. [PMID: 15563424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2004] [Accepted: 08/28/2004] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
In mast cell (MC) disorders (mastocytosis), clinical symptoms are caused by the release of chemical mediators from MCs, the pathologic infiltration of neoplastic MCs in tissues, or both. Cutaneous mastocytosis is a benign disease in which MC infiltration is confined to the skin. In pediatric cases cutaneous mastocytosis might regress spontaneously. Systemic mastocytosis (SM) is more frequently diagnosed in adults and is a persistent (clonal) disease of bone marrow-derived myelomastocytic progenitors. The somatic c-kit mutation D816V is found in the majority of such patients. The natural clinical course in SM is variable. Whereas most patients remain at the indolent stage for many years, some have aggressive SM (ASM) at diagnosis. Other patients have an associated clonal hematologic none MC lineage disease (AHNMD). MC leukemia (MCL) is a rare disease variant characterized by circulating MCs and fatal disease progression. Two important diagnostic clues in SM are an increased serum tryptase level and the presence of abnormal mast cells in the bone marrow. The current review provides an overview of mastocytosis and its subvariants, the new classification of these diseases, a practical guide for the biological diagnosis and advances and future directions in therapy of these pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arock
- Unité CNRS UMR 8147, Laboratoire d'hématologie cellulaire et moléculaire, Faculté de pharmacie, Paris.
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19
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Valent P, Ghannadan M, Akin C, Krauth MT, Selzer E, Mayerhofer M, Sperr WR, Arock M, Samorapoompichit P, Horny HP, Metcalfe DD. On the way to targeted therapy of mast cell neoplasms: identification of molecular targets in neoplastic mast cells and evaluation of arising treatment concepts. Eur J Clin Invest 2004; 34 Suppl 2:41-52. [PMID: 15291805 DOI: 10.1111/j.0960-135x.2004.01369.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Several emerging treatment concepts for myeloid neoplasms are based on novel drugs targeting cell surface antigens, signalling pathways, or critical effector molecules. Systemic mastocytosis is a haematopoietic neoplasm that behaves as an indolent myeloproliferative disease in most patients, but can also present as aggressive disease or even as an acute leukaemia. In patients with aggressive disease or mast cell leukaemia, the response to conventional therapy is poor in most cases, and the prognosis is grave. Therefore, a number of attempts have been made to define novel treatment strategies for these patients. One promising approach may be to identify novel targets and to develop targeted drug therapies. In this article, we support the notion that neoplastic mast cells indeed express a number of potential molecular targets including immunoreactive CD antigens, the microphthalmia transcription factor (MITF), and members of the Bcl-2 family. In addition, the tyrosine kinase receptor KIT and downstream signalling pathways have been proposed as targets of a specific pharmacological intervention. A particular challenge is the disease-related D816V-mutated variant of KIT, which is resistant against diverse tyrosine kinase inhibitors including STI571, but may be sensitive to more recently developed targeted compounds. The therapeutic potential of target-specific approaches in malignant mast cell disorders should be evaluated in forthcoming clinical trials in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Valent
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
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Arock M. [Mastocytosis: advances in molecular diagnosis and therapeutics]. Ann Pharm Fr 2004; 62:233-43. [PMID: 15243341 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-4509(04)94307-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Systemic mastocytosis is a rare myeloproliferative-like disease, characterized by an abnormal proliferation of mast cells in various organs. Two types of clinical manifestations can be distinguished: those related to release of mast cell mediators release and those related to tumor proliferation involving different organs, these later defining systemic mastocytosis. Until recently, treatment was mainly symptomatic, without anti tumor effect. These last years, advances have been made in the understanding of the disease with the discovery of the presence, in a number of patients, of mutations of the c-kit oncogene, coding for the receptor of the major growth factor for mast cells. These mutations induce autophosphorylation of the c-kit receptor in the absence of its ligand, the Stem Cell Factor. Based on experiences acquired in the treatment of myeloproliferative disorders, evaluation of new therapeutics, such as cladribine or interferon-alpha, is in progress. Finally, it would be possible to design, in the very next future, new tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting specifically the mutant forms of c-Kit found in patients suffering from systemic mastocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arock
- Laboratoire d'hématologie cellulaire et moléculaire, Unité CNRS UMR 8147, Faculté de Pharmacie 4, avenue de l'Observatoire, F75270 Paris Cedex.
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Barete S, Bonté I, Dubreuil P, Arock M, Lepelletier F, Dallot A, Francès C, Laroche L, Piette J, Lortholary O. Prévalence de la mutation c-kit (D816V)dans les mastocytoses cutanées: étude prospective française de 50 cas. Rev Med Interne 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0248-8663(03)80360-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Sechet B, Meseri-Delwail A, Arock M, Wijdenes J, Lecron JC, Sarrouilhe D. Immunoglobulin D enhances interleukin-6 release from the KU812 human prebasophil cell line. Gen Physiol Biophys 2003; 22:255-63. [PMID: 14661736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
Despite the role of secreted immunoglobulin D (IgD) remains still largely unknown, previous studies have suggested that secreted IgD could induce basophils degranulation in some allergic asthma patients. In the present study we have searched direct evidence of the action of IgD on KU812 cells, generally classified as an immature basophilic cell line. We analyzed by flow cytometry the capacity of IgD, purified from IgD myeloma sera, to bind KU812 cells. Biotinylated monomeric IgD (mIgD) and biotinylated oligomeric IgD (oIgD) could bind KU812 cells. Blocking experiments with others immunoglobulin isotypes showed that KU812 cells expressed an unspecific receptor for IgD. However, oIgD but not mIgD enhances the release of interleukin-6 (IL-6) from KU812 cells. On the other hand, mIgD and oIgD failed to induce histamine release from KU812 cells or from cord blood derived basophils. Since IL-6 is known to induce basophil differentiation, we proposed that IgD could be implicated in allergic disorders by stimulating IL-6 release by prebasophil cells, then IL-6 could further induce an autocrine maturation of the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Sechet
- Laboratoire Cytokines, FRE CNRS 2224, IBMIG, 40 avenue du Recteur Pineau, 86022 Poitiers Cedex, France
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Ferry-Dumazet H, Mamani-Matsuda M, Dupouy M, Belloc F, Thiolat D, Marit G, Arock M, Reiffers J, Mossalayi MD. Nitric oxide induces the apoptosis of human BCR-ABL-positive myeloid leukemia cells: evidence for the chelation of intracellular iron. Leukemia 2002; 16:708-15. [PMID: 11960353 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2402404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2001] [Accepted: 12/12/2001] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Anti-leukemia activity of human macrophages involves the generation of nitric oxide (NO) derivatives. However, leukemic transformation may involve mechanisms that rescue cells from NO-mediated apoptosis. In the present work, we analyzed the effects of exogenous NO on the proliferation of BCR-ABL(+) chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) cells. As normal leukocytes, the proliferation of leukemia cells was inhibited by SNAP (S-nitroso-N-acetyl-penicillamine), GEA (Oxatriazolium amino-chloride), and SIN-1 (Morpholino-sydnonimine), whereas SNP (sodium nitroprusside) had no effect on leukemia cell growth. SIN-1 induced higher anti-proliferation activity in BCR-ABL(+) cells, compared to normal hemopoietic cells. Inhibition of leukemia cell proliferation correlated with increased apoptosis and DEVDase activity. The simultaneous addition of exogenous iron reversed NO-mediated inhibition of cell growth, caspase activation and apoptosis in all BCR-ABL(+) cells tested. The quantification of intracellular iron levels in leukemia cells indicated that NO induced an early, dose-dependent decrease in ferric iron levels. Accordingly, elevation of intracellular iron protected leukemia cells from NO-mediated apoptosis. Together, the present work reveals the presence of an iron-dependant mechanism for leukemia cell rescue from NO-induced growth inhibition and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ferry-Dumazet
- Bone Marrow Transplantation, CNRS UMR5540 and EA482, Bordeaux-2 University, Bordeaux, France
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24
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Plo I, Lautier D, Casteran N, Dubreuil P, Arock M, Laurent G. Kit signaling and negative regulation of daunorubicin-induced apoptosis: role of phospholipase Cgamma. Oncogene 2001; 20:6752-63. [PMID: 11709710 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1204877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2001] [Revised: 07/26/2001] [Accepted: 08/01/2001] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that activation of Kit by stem cell factor (SCF), its natural ligand, or by gain-of-function point mutation in its intracellular domain, confers significant protection against apoptosis induced by growth factor deprivation or radiation. However, the effects of Kit activation on the cellular response to anti-tumor agents have not been so extensively documented. This study shows that daunorubicin-induced apoptosis and cytotoxicity were reduced in the murine Ba/F3 cells transfected with Kit (Ba/F3-Kit) in the presence of SCF and in Ba/F3 cells transfected with a constitutively active Kit variant (Ba/F3-KitDelta27), compared to either parental Ba/F3 (Ba/F3-wt) or unstimulated Ba/F3-Kit cells. In Ba/F3-wt and in Ba/F3-Kit cells, daunorubicin stimulated within 8-15 min neutral sphingomyelinase and ceramide production but not in SCF-stimulated Ba/F3-Kit or in Ba/F3-KitDelta27 whereas all Ba/F3 cells were equally sensitive to exogenous cell-permeant C6-ceramide. In Ba/F3-Kit, SCF-induced Kit activation resulted in a rapid phospholipase Cgamma (PLCgamma) tyrosine phosphorylation followed by diacylglycerol release and protein kinase C (PKC) stimulation. U-73122, a PLCgamma inhibitor, not only blocked diacylglycerol production and PKC stimulation but also restored daunorubicin-induced sphingomyelinase stimulation, ceramide production, and apoptosis. These results suggest that Kit activation results in PLCgamma-mediated PKC-dependent sphingomyelinase inhibition which contributes to drug resistance in Kit-related malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Plo
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale E 9910, Institut Claudius Régaud, 20, rue du Pont Saint Pierre, 31052 Toulouse cedex, France.
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25
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Pacilio M, Debili N, Arnould A, Machavoine F, Rolli-Derkinderen M, Bodger M, Arock M, Duménil D, Dy M, Schneider E. Thrombopoietin induces histidine decarboxylase gene expression in c-mpl transfected UT7 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 285:1095-101. [PMID: 11478766 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.5296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The leukemic cell line UT7 is endowed with both megakaryocyte and basophil differentiation potential, as judged by its capacity to respond to PMA by displaying megakaryocytic and basophilic markers and to produce histamine by neosynthesis. Herein, we addressed the question whether the biological activities characteristic of basophil differentiation were still induced when c-mpl-transfected UT7 cells received a specific megakaryocytic differentiation signal delivered by thrombopoietin (TPO). Surprisingly, we found that histamine synthesis did effectively occur in response to the growth factor. This activity was not associated with megakaryopoiesis since it was not detected in megakaryocytes generated from CD34(+) cells cultured in the presence of TPO. Comparing different c-mpl-transfected cell lines, we found that the amount of histamine generated in response to TPO correlated with their responsiveness to PMA, but not with their level of c-mpl expression, thus revealing an intrinsic basophil differentiation potential. Both PMA- and TPO-induced histamine synthesis was reduced by PKC and MEKs inhibitors, indicating that the induction occurred through a common signalling pathway.
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MESH Headings
- Basophils/cytology
- Basophils/drug effects
- Basophils/metabolism
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Gene Expression/drug effects
- Histamine/biosynthesis
- Histidine Decarboxylase/biosynthesis
- Histidine Decarboxylase/genetics
- Humans
- Leukemia, Megakaryoblastic, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Megakaryoblastic, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Megakaryoblastic, Acute/pathology
- Megakaryocytes/cytology
- Megakaryocytes/drug effects
- Megakaryocytes/metabolism
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Neoplasm Proteins
- Protein Kinase C/antagonists & inhibitors
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Cytokine
- Receptors, Thrombopoietin
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/pharmacology
- Thrombopoietin/pharmacology
- Transfection
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pacilio
- CNRS UMR 8603, Paris V University, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
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26
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Abstract
Mast cells (MC), which are tissue-resident cells found widely distributed in the body, are derived from primitive hematopoietic cells. MC produce a variety of biologically active substances such as histamine, proteases, lipid derivatives and numerous cytokines and chemokines in response to immunologic or non-immunologic stimuli. Of interest, it has been reported that rodent MC can also be a source of nitric oxide (NO) derivatives, that they synthesize spontaneously, or only after activation, depending on their subtype. This synthesis appears to be under the control of the expression of the inducible isoform of the nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and of the constitutive neuronal NOS (nNOS). MC might thus be able to influence the survival and functions of other types of NO-sensitive cells in close vicinity. Apart from being a source of NO, MC can also be the target for NO and its derivatives. Indeed, survival and reactivity of rodent MC is influenced by NO derivatives produced by MC themselves or by other cellular elements in close contact with the MC in tissues. By contrast, the existence of such mechanisms of cross-talk between MC and NO remains poorly documented in humans. If evidence are supplied in favor of such relationship, pharmacological modulation by agents acting at the level of the NO pathway might be of interest in order to regulate the functions of MC in immunologic, neoplastic, inflammatory and other conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bidri
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Hematology, UPRES-EA 2509, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, Paris, France
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27
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Feger F, Ferry-Dumazet H, Mamani Matsuda M, Bordenave J, Dupouy M, Nussler AK, Arock M, Devevey L, Nafziger J, Guillosson JJ, Reiffers J, Mossalayi MD. Role of iron in tumor cell protection from the pro-apoptotic effect of nitric oxide. Cancer Res 2001; 61:5289-94. [PMID: 11431372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
F2The host defense against tumor cells is in part based upon the production of nitric oxide (NO) by activated macrophages. However, carcinogenesis may involve mechanisms that protect tumor cells from NO-mediated apoptosis. In the present study, we have assessed the effects of exogenous NO on the proliferation and survival of human liver (AKN-1), lung (A549), skin (HaCat), and pancreatic (Capan-2) tumor cell lines, compared with normal skin-derived epithelial cell cultures. Except to the HaCat cell line, all of the other human epithelioid cells were sensitive to the antiproliferation effect of S-nitroso-N-acetyl-penicillamine or Deta NONOate, whereas tumor cells had low if any response to sodium nitroprusside. Growth inhibition with exogenous NO correlated with increased apoptosis, but was not mediated by cyclic GMP, peroxynitrite generation, or poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase modulation, all of which involved in NO-mediated growth inhibition of normal skin-derived epithelial cell cultures. The simultaneous addition of iron-containing compounds protected tumor cells from NO-mediated growth inhibition and apoptosis. Intracellular iron quantification indicated that, as deferoxamine, exogenous NO significantly decreased intracellular ferric iron levels in tumor cells. Together, the current study reveals that intracellular iron elevation rescues tumor cells from NO-mediated iron depletion and subsequent growth inhibition and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Feger
- Hematology Laboratory, Paris V Faculty of Pharmacy, 75006 Paris, France
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28
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Royer B, Varadaradjalou S, Saas P, Gabiot AC, Kantelip B, Féger F, Guillosson JJ, Kantelip JP, Arock M. Autocrine regulation of cord blood-derived human mast cell activation by IL-10. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001; 108:80-6. [PMID: 11447386 DOI: 10.1067/mai.2001.115753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ligation of the high-affinity receptor for IgE on human mast cells (MCs) induces the release of proinflammatory mediators, including vasoactive amines and cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-5, and IL-8). Moreover, we have recently shown that IL-10 inhibits the release of proinflammatory mediators by activated MCs. OBJECTIVE We investigated whether human cord blood-derived MCs (CBMCs) could produce IL-10 and whether this production could inhibit their activation in an autocrine fashion. METHODS IL-10 synthesis by resting or activated human MCs derived from cord blood progenitors was investigated in cell supernatants or by using immunostaining and RT-PCR methods. In addition, the effect of IL-4 on such synthesis was also studied. Anti-IL-10-neutralizing antibodies were used to investigate the validity of the hypothesis of an autocrine regulation of MCs by IL-10. Finally, the presence of specific receptors for IL-10 was searched on human CBMCs by using flow cytometric analysis. RESULTS Human CBMCs spontaneously synthesize and release IL-10, and this synthesis is increased after IgE/anti-IgE stimulation. In addition, the presence of IL-10 in resting or in activated MCs was proved by immunostaining. Interestingly, the release of IL-10 was also increased after incubation of the cells with IL-4. Besides, the use of neutralizing antibodies against IL-10 confirmed that IL-10 released inhibited MC activation in an autocrine fashion. Finally, the presence of specific receptors for this cytokine was observed on the membranes of our population of human CBMCs. CONCLUSION Taken together, our data are in favor of an autocrine regulation pathway through synthesis and release of IL-10 by human MCs. Such an autoregulatory mechanism is, to our knowledge, the first described for these elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Royer
- Department of Pharmacology and the Laboratory of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Besançon, France
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29
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Abstract
BACKGROUND IL-10 exhibits anti-inflammatory effects on activated rodent mast cells (MC) in vitro and inhibits allergen-induced airway inflammation in vivo in murine models. The effects of IL-10 on the allergic activation of human MC are presently unknown. OBJECTIVE In light of the well-known heterogeneity of mast cell reactivity between animal species, one cannot readily predict the response of human MC to IL-10. Moreover, the impact of IL-10 on MC-derived proinflammatory mediators is still unknown. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of IL-10 on the release of inflammatory mediators by IgE/anti-IgE-challenged human cord blood-derived mast cells (CBMC), used as an in vitro model of MC phenotypically similar to human lung MC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Highly purified human MC were obtained by a first step of long-term culture of cord blood mononuclear cells in the presence of human recombinant stem cell factor (rhSCF) and of human recombinant IL-6 (rhIL-6), followed by a second step of purification by depletion of contaminating cells with an immunomagnetic METHOD The cells were treated with human IgE, then challenged with anti-human IgE, in the presence or the absence of recombinant rhIL-10 used at various concentrations. Histamine, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), IL-5 and IL-8 were measured in the various supernatants collected at different times after the beginning of the challenge. RESULTS IL-10 inhibited the release of TNF-alpha and of IL-8, but not of IL-5, by activated CBMC. Interestingly, IL-10 also inhibited the release of histamine by activated CBMC, contrasting with data reported for rodent MC. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that IL-10 might have anti-inflammatory effects on IgE/anti-IgE-challenged human MC by inhibiting their release of TNF-alpha, IL-8 and histamine. These data provide new insights into the control of human mast cell activation and might lead to a better knowledge of the cellular mechanisms controlling allergic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Royer
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Besançon, France
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30
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Martin S, Pombo I, Poncet P, David B, Arock M, Blank U. Immunologic stimulation of mast cells leads to the reversible exposure of phosphatidylserine in the absence of apoptosis. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2000; 123:249-58. [PMID: 11112862 DOI: 10.1159/000024451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loss of phospholipid asymmetry represents one of the hallmarks of apoptosis and results in the surface exposure of phosphatidylserine (PS) which can be indirectly monitored by the calcium-dependent binding of annexin V. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, we provide evidence that the IgE-dependent stimulation of a rat mast cell line, as well as murine and human nontransformed mast cells, leads to the exposure of PS at the plasma membrane. The appearance of PS was quantitatively related to allergic mediator release. Pharmacological agents that prevent stimulus-secretion coupling blocked PS cell surface exposure and calcium ionophore-induced PS appearance, suggesting that it is a direct consequence of exocytosis rather than early signaling events initiated by the aggregation of the high-affinity IgE receptor (FcepsilonRI). The surface exposure of PS in mast cells was reversible even in the continuous presence of stimulus and was not associated with the appearance of apoptotic nuclei, demonstrating that it was independent of physiological cell death. CONCLUSIONS In addition to providing a means of monitoring exocytosis at the single cell level, our results indicate that PS externalization in mast cells is not necessarily related to apoptosis but could be an important feature of the degranulation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Martin
- Unité Immuno-Allergie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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31
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Abstract
Mast cells (MC) are tissue elements derived from hematopoietic stem cells. Their differentiation and proliferation processes are under the influence of cytokines, including one of utmost importance known as stem cell factor (SCF). SCF receptor is encoded by the protooncogene c-kit, belongs to the type III receptor tyrosine kinase subfamily, and is also expressed on other hematopoietic or non-hematopoietic cells. Ligation of c-kit receptor by SCF induces its dimerization, followed by induction of multiple intracellular signaling pathways leading to cell proliferation and activation. Mastocytosis, a relatively rare group of diseases characterized by accumulation of MC in various tissues, are found isolated or sometimes associated with other hematological malignancies in humans. Although the initial events leading to mastocytosis are not yet unraveled, alterations of the c-kit gene have been described. Particularly interesting are acquired mutations resulting in a constitutively activated receptor, possibly involved in the increased numbers of MC in tissues. For this reason, future strategies might be envisaged to target specifically the mutated c-kit and/or its intracellular signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Boissan
- Cellular and Molecular Hematology Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Paris, France
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32
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Lin TJ, Gao Z, Arock M, Abraham SN. Internalization of FimH+ Escherichia coli by the human mast cell line (HMC-1 5C6) involves protein kinase C. J Leukoc Biol 1999; 66:1031-8. [PMID: 10614787 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.66.6.1031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Rodent mast cells (MC) play critical roles in host defense against bacterial infection. However, bacteria-mediated signaling mechanisms in MC have not been studied. In addition, the response of human MC to bacteria is not fully investigated. This study examined the interaction between human MC and type 1 fimbriated Escherichia coli and the mechanisms involved using the human MC line HMC-1 5C6 and human cord blood-derived MC. These MC internalized significant numbers of FimH+ E. coli, but not its isogenic FimH- mutant. In HMC-1 cells, bacterial internalization was stimulated by protein kinase C (PKC) activation [short-term phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) treatment] and dramatically decreased by PKC inhibitors or PKC depletion (long-term PMA treatment). Moreover, bacterial internalization was accompanied by significant expression of PKCbeta1 and delta. Fluorescence microscopy demonstrated accumulation of PKCbeta1 on internalized bacteria. These data indicate that human MC has the capacity to internalize bacteria and PKC may be a critical intracellular mediator of this function.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Lin
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
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33
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Abstract
During some helminth infections, increased expression of the low-affinity receptor for IgE (CD23/FcepsilonRII) by macrophages and/or increased levels of plasma IgE have been seen, but their role in host protection or disease progression remains unclear. Recently, crosslinking of CD23 was shown to promote intracellular killing of Leishmania parasites in human macrophages, a phenomenon involving the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha and nitric oxide (NO). Based upon various in vitro and in vivo studies of human cutaneous leishmaniasis, Djavad Mossalayi, Michel Arock, Dominique Mazier, Philipe Vincendeau and Ioannis Vouldoukis here propose a model for an immune response that involves CD23-IgE-mediated NO release during protection, as well as during active cutaneous leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Mossalayi
- Hematology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy Paris V, 4 Avenue de l'Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France.
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34
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Poncet P, Arock M, David B. MHC class II-dependent activation of CD4+ T cell hybridomas by human mast cells through superantigen presentation. J Leukoc Biol 1999; 66:105-12. [PMID: 10410997 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.66.1.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human mast cells (MC) were examined for expression of MHC class II antigens and for their ability to activate CD4+ T cell hybridomas through presentation of superantigen (SAg). HMC-1, a leukemic immature MC line expressing class II Ags, was shown to efficiently present the staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) SAg to responding T cell hybridoma on treatment with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), which up-regulated class II molecules. The study was then extended to human normal MC. Almost pure (>99%) cord blood-derived MC (CBMC) were shown to express class II Ags (HLA-DR and HLA-DQ) and CD80, which were up-regulated by IFN-gamma treatment and, to a lesser extent, by interleukin-4 (IL-4) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). CBMC directly activated CD4+ T cell hybridomas through presentation of SEB and TSST1 SAgs. The production of IL-2 required a cell-to-cell contact between T cells and CBMC and it was inhibited by anti-class II antibodies. Furthermore, an additional pretreatment of CBMC by IFN-gamma or GM-CSF or IL-4 had no effect on their presenting efficiency. This previously unknown function of human MC, i.e., MHC class II-dependent activation of CD4+ T cells, may be critical in subsequent cellular activation events because colocalization of mast and T cells is frequently observed at sites of antigen entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Poncet
- Unité d'Immuno-Allergie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
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35
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Bidri M, Royer B, Averlant G, Bismuth G, Guillosson JJ, Arock M. Inhibition of mouse mast cell proliferation and proinflammatory mediator release by benzodiazepines. Immunopharmacology 1999; 43:75-86. [PMID: 10437659 DOI: 10.1016/s0162-3109(99)00046-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Mast cell (MC) activation may occur in vitro and in vivo following stimulation with various immunologic or nonimmunologic agents. Such activation leads to the release of several biological mediators, including vasoactive amines, nitric oxide and cytokines, which account for the adverse effects observed during allergic reactions. While high affinity binding sites for benzodiazepines (BZDs) have been reported on MC, the effects of the ligation of these receptors on the proliferation of, and the mediator release from, these cells are poorly documented. In the present work, we have examined the effects of midazolam and of diazepam on the proliferation of mucosal (MMC)-like and of serosal (CTMC)-like mouse MC. In addition, we have studied the effects of these BZDs on beta-hexosaminidase, TNF-alpha and nitrite release induced from mouse mast cells through IgE receptor activation. We demonstrated that each of the two BZDs studied inhibited the proliferation of MMC- and CTMC-like elements in a dose-dependent fashion (10 to 100 microM). Furthermore, the BZDs inhibited the IgE-mediated release of beta-hexosaminidase, TNF-alpha and nitrites from MMC- or CTMC-like cells. Altogether, these data provide new insights into the pharmacological regulation of MC activation and may lead to the discovery of new and potent antiallergic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bidri
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Paris, France
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36
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Arock M, Ross E, Lai-Kuen R, Averlant G, Gao Z, Abraham SN. Phagocytic and tumor necrosis factor alpha response of human mast cells following exposure to gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Infect Immun 1998; 66:6030-4. [PMID: 9826392 PMCID: PMC108768 DOI: 10.1128/iai.66.12.6030-6034.1998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have implicated rodent mast cells in the innate immune response to infectious bacteria. We report that cord blood-derived human mast cells (CBHMC) obtained from culture of cord blood progenitors phagocytozed and killed various gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and simultaneously released considerable amounts of tumor necrosis factor alpha. Overall, the extent of the endocytic and exocytic response of CBHMC correlated with the number of adherent bacteria. Thus, human mast cells are intrinsically capable of mediating microbial recognition and of actively contributing to the host defense against bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arock
- Departments of Cellular and Molecular Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
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37
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Neildez-Nguyen TM, Chapel A, Arock M, Vétillard J, Thierry D. Gamma-irradiation does not impair ATRA-induced maturation of myeloid leukaemic cells: implication for combined radiation and differentiation therapy. Br J Haematol 1998; 103:79-86. [PMID: 9792293 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.1998.00931.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In the present study we investigated the effects of various doses of gamma-irradiation, followed by induction of granulocytic differentiation with all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), on proliferative rate, differentiation capability and oxidative metabolism of leukaemic cells from two different myeloid leukaemia cell lines, HL-60 and PLB-985. Regarding the effects of such combined treatment on the proliferative capabilities of HL-60 and PLB-985 cell lines, we showed that their growth kinetics were similar after 2 Gy gamma-irradiation combined with ATRA. However, with doses >2 Gy, the behaviour of the cell lines differed largely. Indeed, HL-60 appeared to be more radiosensitive than PLB-985 regarding cell viability and proliferation. Besides, whatever dose of irradiation (2, 5 or 10 Gy) was applied, ATRA was still able to induce differentiation of HL-60 and PLB-985 into granulocytes that retained the capacity to produce superoxide anion. The results of these in vitro studies suggest that leukaemia cell lines retain their ability to respond to ATRA, a granulocytic-differentiating inducer following high doses of irradiation. This may have implications for the use of radiation therapy in combination with ATRA for the treatment of extramedullary infiltrations of myeloid leukaemias in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Neildez-Nguyen
- Institut de Protection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Département de Protection de la Santé de l'Homme et de Dosimétrie, IPSN, Fóntenay-aux-Roses, France
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38
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Abstract
Mast cells and basophils are primarily associated with the pathophysiology of allergic diseases. Considering that these cells have been preserved through evolution they must serve a valuable function. Intrinsically, mast cells are ideally placed and well endowed with inflammatory mediators to play a critical role in immune surveillance. Recent studies have shown that mast cells and basophils can bind various bacteria even in the absence of opsonizing antibodies. The resulting interaction caused release of a variety of inflammatory mediators and, in the case of mast cells, also uptake of bacteria. Among the mediators released by these inflammatory cells, TNF-alpha appears critical as it potentiates the early neutrophil responses to bacteria. Observations in mutant mice that are deficient in mast cells has provided further evidence for the specific role of mast cells in host defense against bacteria. We believe that there is now sufficient evidence (at least for mast cells) to propose a multi-faceted and significant role for these cells in the host's innate immune response to infectious agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Abraham
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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39
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Bécherel PA, Chosidow O, Le Goff L, Debré P, Frances C, Arock M. [Nitric oxide pathway induction in human keratinocytes: role in cutaneous allergic and inflammatory phenomena]. Ann Dermatol Venereol 1998; 124:264-7. [PMID: 9686063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P A Bécherel
- Département d'Immunologie (CNRS URA 625), Faculté de Médecine Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris
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40
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Abstract
CD23 is an activation antigen expressed by various human hematopoietic cells, tissular epithelial cells and represents the major low affinity receptor for IgE (Fc epsilon RII). In its membrane and soluble forms, CD23 has multiple ligands that enable this molecule to trigger various functions in human and murine cells. In this issue, we discussed the intracellular signaling events induced by soluble CD23 and the ligand involved in each target cell. Signal transduction through surface CD23 ligation is linked to cyclic nucleotides and nitric oxide (NO) pathways in various human cells and in rat macrophages. Recent in vivo data suggest a regulatory role for these signals during various human physiopathological situations such as hemopoiesis, anti-tumoral defense, inflammation, allergy, microbicidal activity of macrophages and eosinophils, skin disease, and HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Mossalayi
- Groupe d'Immuno-hématologie Moléculaire, CNRS URA625, Hôpital de La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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41
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Royer B, Arock M. [Therapeutic use of hematopoietic growth factors. II. GM-CSF and G-CSF]. Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 1998; 56:255-66. [PMID: 9754258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The second part of this review on haematopoietic growth factors is focused on the therapeutic use of GM-CSF and G-CSF. Such therapeutic applications have raised very great hopes for clinical haematology. However, it should not be forgotten that these haematopoietic growth factors, which are very costly, are powerful two-edged weapons capable of triggering a cascade of reactions, and have a field of activity that often goes beyond the single highly specific property which it is hoped they possess. The risks and costs of their use are currently being evaluated. Waited developments concerning these molecules focus on three axes: a best use of factors already commercialized, especially concerning adaptation of posologies and new indications, the development of hybrid molecules from already known haematopoietic growth factors, possessing the advantages of respective factors, but not their disadvantages, the discovery of new haematopoietic growth factors with potential therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Royer
- Laboratoire de pharmacologie fondamentale, Faculté mixte de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Besançon
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42
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Chosidow O, Bécherel PA, Piette JC, Arock M, Debré P, Francès C. Tripe palms associated with systemic mastocytosis: the role of transforming growth factor-alpha and efficacy of interferon-alfa. Br J Dermatol 1998; 138:698-703. [PMID: 9640384 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2133.1998.02190.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Tripe palms are thickened, moss-like or velvety textured exaggerations of the normal dermatoglyphics. The disease belongs to the spectrum of papulosquamous paraneoplastic syndromes. Although suspected, the role of transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha) has not been clearly established. A 54-year-old man with systemic mastocytosis presented with thickening and darkening of the palms and soles. We performed skin biopsies for light microscopy (including toluidine blue), in situ hybridization and double labelling, and determination of serum tryptase, histamine and TGF-alpha levels. Toluidine blue stained the mast cells that had massively infiltrated the dermis. Tripe palm samples showed extensive hyperkeratosis. The TGF-alpha probe reacted strongly with the mast cells that also reacted with the antitryptase monoclonal antibody. Elevated tryptase, histamine and TGF-alpha levels prior to interferon-alfa administration decreased under treatment. The demonstration of TGF-alpha in infiltrating mast cells, the clinical regression of tripe palms and the lowering of the serum level and the mast cell molecular signal of the cytokine when systemic mastocytosis was controlled by interferon-alfa, suggest a key role for TGF-alpha in this cutaneous paraneoplastic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Chosidow
- Department of Internal Medicine, Université Paris 6, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, France
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43
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Royer B, Arock M. [Therapeutic use of hematopoietic growth factors. I. Erythropoietin and thrombopoietin]. Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 1998; 56:143-52. [PMID: 9754239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Modern molecular haematology is characterized by the great strides made in the use of cytokines, especially haematopoietic growth factors. These factors constitute a heterogeneous group of molecules that ensure the survival, proliferation and differentiation of the haematopoietic cells. Present detailed knowledge of the structure of the main haematopoietic growth factors and their receptors, and of the cloning and sequencing of their genes, permits the use of genetic engineering to produce recombinant human growth factors whose therapeutic applications have raised very great hopes for clinical haematology. Data obtained from several clinical studies have allowed the use of some of these molecules in France. This is the case concerning erythropoietin (Eprex, Recormon), G-CSF (Neupogen, Granocyte) and GM-CSF (Leucomax), each with specific uses. Others haematopoietic growth factors, such as stem cell factor (SCF) are presently evaluated for their clinical interest. Finally, interleukin 3 (IL3), whose in vitro activities seemed to be of potential interest, has been evaluated during clinical studies. Its toxicity and lack of specificity have been evidenced and do not allow its present utilization. The first part of this review is focused on the general structure and biological activity of haematopoietic growth factors and presents the actual therapeutic field of the use of erythropoietin and the promising application of recombinant thrombopoietin.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Royer
- Laboratoire de pharmacologie fondamentale, Faculté mixte de médecine et de pharmacie, Besançon
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44
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Druilhe A, Arock M, Le Goff L, Pretolani M. Human eosinophils express bcl-2 family proteins: modulation of Mcl-1 expression by IFN-gamma. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 1998; 18:315-22. [PMID: 9490649 DOI: 10.1165/ajrcmb.18.3.3019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of the Bcl-2 family proteins Bax, Mcl-1, Bcl-2, and Bcl-xL, was examined in human peripheral blood eosinophils or in umbilical-cord-blood-derived eosinophils. Immunoblot analysis disclosed high amounts of the proapoptotic factor Bax in freshly purified eosinophils of both types. Although cord-blood-derived eosinophils expressed easily detectable levels of Mcl-1, Bcl-2, and Bcl-xL, only traces or no expression of these three antiapoptotic proteins were found in peripheral blood eosinophils. Incubation of both eosinophil types for 1 to 3 days in a cytokine-deprived medium led to apoptosis, without changes in the expression of Bax, Mcl-1, Bcl-2, or Bcl-xL. Although addition of interleukin-5 or interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) to the culture medium increased the survival of both eosinophil types, a rise in the levels of Mcl-1 was observed only in IFN-gamma-treated cord-blood eosinophils. Together, these results indicate that human eosinophils have a specific profile of Bcl-2-family protein expression that depends on their maturation status and may be modulated by stimuli that influence their survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Druilhe
- Unité de Pharmacologie Cellulaire, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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45
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Bécherel PA, LeGoff L, Francès C, Chosidow O, Guillosson JJ, Debré P, Mossalayi MD, Arock M. Induction of IL-10 synthesis by human keratinocytes through CD23 ligation: a cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate-dependent mechanism. J Immunol 1997; 159:5761-5. [PMID: 9550368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ligation of the low affinity receptor for IgE, CD23/Fc epsilonRII, in human keratinocytes (HK) and monocytes induces the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha), partly under the dependence of cAMP and nitric oxide pathways. Moreover, CD23 ligation induces IL-10 production in human monocytes. Since synthesis of IL-10 by HK is still a matter of debate, we investigate whether keratinocytes could produce IL-10 upon CD23 stimulation. Here, our data show that CD23 ligation induces significant IL-10 synthesis in HK, a phenomenon inhibited by cAMP antagonists, but not by inhibitors of the nitric oxide pathway. Accordingly, cAMP agonist induced significant IL-10 synthesis by HK, while nitric oxide-releasing chemical did not. Treatment of HK with anti-IL-10 mAb potentiated their CD23-mediated TNF-alpha synthesis. These data indicate that engagement of surface CD23 on human keratinocytes induces the synthesis of IL-10, which, in turn, down-regulates their proinflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Bécherel
- Department of Immunology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
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46
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Bécherel PA, LeGoff L, Francès C, Chosidow O, Guillosson JJ, Debré P, Mossalayi MD, Arock M. Induction of IL-10 synthesis by human keratinocytes through CD23 ligation: a cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate-dependent mechanism. The Journal of Immunology 1997. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.159.12.5761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Ligation of the low affinity receptor for IgE, CD23/Fc epsilonRII, in human keratinocytes (HK) and monocytes induces the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha), partly under the dependence of cAMP and nitric oxide pathways. Moreover, CD23 ligation induces IL-10 production in human monocytes. Since synthesis of IL-10 by HK is still a matter of debate, we investigate whether keratinocytes could produce IL-10 upon CD23 stimulation. Here, our data show that CD23 ligation induces significant IL-10 synthesis in HK, a phenomenon inhibited by cAMP antagonists, but not by inhibitors of the nitric oxide pathway. Accordingly, cAMP agonist induced significant IL-10 synthesis by HK, while nitric oxide-releasing chemical did not. Treatment of HK with anti-IL-10 mAb potentiated their CD23-mediated TNF-alpha synthesis. These data indicate that engagement of surface CD23 on human keratinocytes induces the synthesis of IL-10, which, in turn, down-regulates their proinflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Bécherel
- Department of Immunology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - L LeGoff
- Department of Immunology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - C Francès
- Department of Immunology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - O Chosidow
- Department of Immunology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - J J Guillosson
- Department of Immunology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - P Debré
- Department of Immunology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - M D Mossalayi
- Department of Immunology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - M Arock
- Department of Immunology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
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Nafziger J, Devevey L, Tricottet V, Guillosson JJ, Averlant G, Arock M. Investigation of the effects of 50 Hz magnetic fields on purified human hematopoietic progenitors. Life Sci 1997; 61:1935-46. [PMID: 9364198 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(97)00833-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological reports suggest a possible association between exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) and the frequency of leukemia in men working in the field of electricity or in children living near power lines. At present, there is no experimental evidence for such an association. In this study we investigated the effects of 50 Hz EMFs (sinusoidal EMF of 10 microT or 1 mT) on human purified hematopoietic progenitor cells which are the first targets of a leukemogenic process. The results failed to reveal any significant changes in cell proliferation, cell kinetics, ultrastructure or clonogenic potential of these progenitors which could be related to a leukemogenic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nafziger
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Paris, France
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48
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Bidri M, Ktorza S, Vouldoukis I, Le Goff L, Debré P, Guillosson JJ, Arock M. Nitric oxide pathway is induced by Fc epsilon RI and up-regulated by stem cell factor in mouse mast cells. Eur J Immunol 1997; 27:2907-13. [PMID: 9394817 DOI: 10.1002/eji.1830271124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Murine stem cell factor (SCF) induces the differentiation of mucosal mast cells (MMC) into connective tissue mast cells (CTMC) and potentiates mediator release induced by aggregation of high-affinity IgE receptors (Fc epsilon RI). In the present work, we investigated the effect of Fc epsilon RI aggregation on nitric oxide (NO) pathway induction in the different subsets of mast cells, as well as the contribution of SCF in this induction. Inducible NO synthase (iNOs) expression was not evidenced in non-stimulated MMC obtained by culture of hematopoietic progenitors in the presence of interleukin-3, whereas IgE-antigen-stimulated MMC expressed iNOs mRNA and protein and synthesized nitrites. Long-term treatment of MMC with SCF, allowing them to differentiate into CTMC, induced iNOs expression in non-stimulated cells and up-regulated iNOs expression and generation of NO derivatives induced by IgE-antigen stimulation. Thus, NO derivatives generated by mast cells could participate in inflammatory reactions during allergic stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bidri
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Faculté de Pharmacie, Paris, France
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49
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Bidri M, Vouldoukis I, Mossalayi MD, Debré P, Guillosson JJ, Mazier D, Arock M. Evidence for direct interaction between mast cells and Leishmania parasites. Parasite Immunol 1997; 19:475-83. [PMID: 9372516 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-3024.1997.d01-153.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
When stimulated through IgE-(or IgG-) immune complexes with parasite antigens, mast cells can release several cytokines, including IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) that may influence the host response to Leishmania major in modulating lesion size and persistence during experimental infection in the mouse. Moreover, recent data demonstrated that mast cells are able to be antibody-independently activated by direct contact with bacteria, making them important elements in innate immunity. Given these data, we asked whether cell-parasite contact could directly induce mast cell mediator release and whether mast cells could be infected by L. major or L. infantum parasites. In this study, we showed that a pure homogeneous population of mouse bone marrow derived mast cells (BMMC) in contact with living L. major or L. infantum promastigotes, but not with attenuated parasites or soluble parasite antigens, released preformed mediators such as beta-hexosaminidase and the preformed pool of TNF-alpha within minutes. Furthermore, direct cell-parasite contact induced TNF-alpha synthesis by mast cells within hours. Moreover, we demonstrated by in vitro co-culture experiments that metacyclic L. major or L. infantum promastigotes are directly infective for a significant proportion of BMMC and are transformed into intracellular amastigotes. Taken together, these data suggest that mast cell can participate in the first line of defence, i.e. innate immunity, during local cutaneous infection with Leishmania parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bidri
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Faculté de Pharmacie, Paris, France
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50
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Bécherel PA, Chosidow O, Le Goff L, Francès C, Debré P, Mossalayi MD, Arock M. Inducible nitric oxide synthase and proinflammatory cytokine expression by human keratinocytes during acute urticaria. Mol Med 1997; 3:686-94. [PMID: 9392005 PMCID: PMC2230235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND IgE/allergen-dependent activation of skin mast cells is involved in acute urticaria and leads to their IL-4 release. Previously we have demonstrated in vitro the induction of the low-affinity receptor for IgE (CD23/Fc epsilon RII) in human keratinocytes (HK) upon stimulation with IL-4. In addition, we have observed that ligation of CD23 on keratinocytes induced type II nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), leading to the release of nitric oxide (NO) and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-6). According to these in vitro data, we explored whether keratinocytes could also express iNOS, TNF-alpha, IL-6, and CD23 in acute urticaria, an in vivo model in which activation of mast cells by IgE/allergen immune complexes is involved. MATERIALS AND METHODS INOS, TNF-alpha, IL-6, and CD23 expression by keratinocytes was studied in acute urticaria (n = 11) in biopsies from lesional and autologous normal skin by immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, or RT-PCR. Nitrites and TNF-alpha synthesis were assayed in supernatants of cultured lesional keratinocytes. RESULTS INOS mRNA expression was demonstrated with RT-PCR in 10 biopsies out of 11 sections of acute urticaria lesional skin. Immunohistochemistry showed that this iNOS positivity originated from keratinocytes located close to the dermoepidermal junction; TNF-alpha and IL-6 mRNA transcription was observed in all but one iNOS+ biopsy. Immunostaining and in situ hybridization with CD23-specific probes were strong in all but one iNOS+ skin biopsy. Noninflamed autologous skin was negative for iNOS (except for a weak positivity in one case), cytokines, and CD23. CONCLUSION The colocalization of iNOS, proinflammatory cytokines, and CD23 within keratinocytes in acute urticaria demonstrates that these cells play an important role in the initiation and maintenance of the inflammatory reaction during this disease in humans through activation of the iNOS pathway by CD23 ligation with IgE/allergen immune complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Bécherel
- Department of Immunology (Molecular Immuno-Hematology Group), University of Paris VI, College of Medicine, France
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