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Liu Y, Ahumada AL, Bayraktar E, Schwartz P, Chowdhury M, Shi S, Sebastian MM, Khant H, de Val N, Bayram NN, Zhang G, Vu TC, Jie Z, Jennings NB, Rodriguez-Aguayo C, Swain J, Stur E, Mangala LS, Wu Y, Nagaraju S, Ermias B, Li C, Lopez-Berestein G, Braam J, Sood AK. Enhancing oral delivery of plant-derived vesicles for colitis. J Control Release 2023; 357:472-483. [PMID: 37031740 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Plant-derived vesicles (PDVs) are attractive for therapeutic applications, including as potential nanocarriers. However, a concern with oral delivery of PDVs is whether they would remain intact in the gastrointestinal tract. We found that 82% of cabbage PDVs were destroyed under conditions mimicking the upper digestive tract. To overcome this limitation, we developed a delivery method whereby lyophilized Eudragit S100-coated cabbage PDVs were packaged into a capsule (Cap-cPDVs). Lyophilization and suspension of PDVs did not have an appreciable impact on PDV structure, number, or therapeutic effect. Additionally, packaging the lyophilized Eudragit S100-coated PDVs into capsules allowed them to pass through the upper gastrointestinal tract for delivery into the colon better than did suspension of PDVs in phosphate-buffered saline. Cap-cPDVs showed robust therapeutic effect in a dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis mouse model. These findings could have broad implications for the use of PDVs as orally delivered nanocarriers of natural therapeutic plant compounds or other therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology & Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
| | - Adrian Lankenau Ahumada
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology & Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
| | - Emine Bayraktar
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology & Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Paul Schwartz
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology & Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Mamur Chowdhury
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology & Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Sixiang Shi
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology & Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Manu M Sebastian
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, Division of Basic Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Htet Khant
- Center for Molecular Microscopy, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Inc., Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
| | - Natalia de Val
- Center for Molecular Microscopy, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Inc., Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
| | - Nazende Nur Bayram
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology & Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Guodong Zhang
- Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Thanh Chung Vu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology & Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Zuliang Jie
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Nicholas B Jennings
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology & Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Cristian Rodriguez-Aguayo
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for RNA Interference and Non-coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Jody Swain
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, Division of Basic Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Elaine Stur
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology & Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Lingegowda S Mangala
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology & Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Yutuan Wu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology & Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Supriya Nagaraju
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology & Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Brooke Ermias
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology & Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Chun Li
- Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Gabriel Lopez-Berestein
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for RNA Interference and Non-coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Janet Braam
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology & Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for RNA Interference and Non-coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Liu Y, Lankenau-Ahumada A, Bayraktar E, Schwartz P, Chowdhury M, Shi S, Sebastian MM, Khant H, De Val N, Jie Z, Jennings NB, Rodriguez-Aguayo C, Swain J, Stur E, Mangala LS, Wu Y, Nagaraju S, Erimas B, Li C, Lopez-Berestein G, Braam J, Sood AK. Abstract 2720: Enhancing oral delivery of plant-derived vesicles. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-2720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Plant-derived vesicles (PDVs) were attractive for therapeutic applications, including as potential nanocarriers. However, a concern with oral delivery of PDVs is whether they would remain intact in the gastrointestinal tract. We found that 82% of cabbage PDVs were destroyed under conditions mimicking the upper digestive tract. To overcome this limitation, we developed a delivery method whereby lyophilized Eudragit S-100-coated cabbage PDVs were packaged into a capsule (Cap-cPDVs). Lyophilization and suspension of PDVs in phosphate-buffered saline did not have an appreciable effect on PDV structure, number of PDVs, or therapeutic effect. However, packaging the lyophilized Eudragit S-100-coated PDVs into capsules allowed them to pass through the upper gastrointestinal tract for delivery into the colon better than did suspension of PDVs in phosphate-buffered saline. Cap-cPDVs demonstrated robust therapeutic effect in a dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis mouse model. These findings could have broad implications for oral delivery of PDVs.
Citation Format: Yuan Liu, Adrian Lankenau-Ahumada, Emine Bayraktar, Paul Schwartz, Mamur Chowdhury, Sixiang Shi, Manu M. Sebastian, Htet Khant, Natalia De Val, Zuliang Jie, Nicholas B. Jennings, Cristian Rodriguez-Aguayo, Jody Swain, Elaine Stur, Lingegowda S. Mangala, Yutuan Wu, Supriya Nagaraju, Brooke Erimas, Chun Li, Gabriel Lopez-Berestein, Janet Braam, Anil K. Sood. Enhancing oral delivery of plant-derived vesicles [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 2720.
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3
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Wurster JI, Peterson RL, Brown CE, Penumutchu S, Guzior DV, Neugebauer K, Sano WH, Sebastian MM, Quinn RA, Belenky P. Streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia alters the cecal metabolome and exacerbates antibiotic-induced dysbiosis. Cell Rep 2021; 37:110113. [PMID: 34910917 PMCID: PMC8722030 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well established in the microbiome field that antibiotic (ATB) use and metabolic disease both impact the structure and function of the gut microbiome. But how host and microbial metabolism interacts with ATB susceptibility to affect the resulting dysbiosis remains poorly understood. In a streptozotocin-induced model of hyperglycemia (HG), we use a combined metagenomic, metatranscriptomic, and metabolomic approach to profile changes in microbiome taxonomic composition, transcriptional activity, and metabolite abundance both pre- and post-ATB challenge. We find that HG impacts both microbiome structure and metabolism, ultimately increasing susceptibility to amoxicillin. HG exacerbates drug-induced dysbiosis and increases both phosphotransferase system activity and energy catabolism compared to controls. Finally, HG and ATB co-treatment increases pathogen susceptibility and reduces survival in a Salmonella enterica infection model. Our data demonstrate that induced HG is sufficient to modify the cecal metabolite pool, worsen the severity of ATB dysbiosis, and decrease colonization resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna I Wurster
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, USA
| | - Rachel L Peterson
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, USA
| | - Claire E Brown
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, USA
| | - Swathi Penumutchu
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, USA
| | - Douglas V Guzior
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Kerri Neugebauer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - William H Sano
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Manu M Sebastian
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, Division of Basic Science Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Robert A Quinn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Peter Belenky
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, USA.
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4
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Amgad M, Stovgaard ES, Balslev E, Thagaard J, Chen W, Dudgeon S, Sharma A, Kerner JK, Denkert C, Yuan Y, AbdulJabbar K, Wienert S, Savas P, Voorwerk L, Beck AH, Madabhushi A, Hartman J, Sebastian MM, Horlings HM, Hudeček J, Ciompi F, Moore DA, Singh R, Roblin E, Balancin ML, Mathieu MC, Lennerz JK, Kirtani P, Chen IC, Braybrooke JP, Pruneri G, Demaria S, Adams S, Schnitt SJ, Lakhani SR, Rojo F, Comerma L, Badve SS, Khojasteh M, Symmans WF, Sotiriou C, Gonzalez-Ericsson P, Pogue-Geile KL, Kim RS, Rimm DL, Viale G, Hewitt SM, Bartlett JMS, Penault-Llorca F, Goel S, Lien HC, Loibl S, Kos Z, Loi S, Hanna MG, Michiels S, Kok M, Nielsen TO, Lazar AJ, Bago-Horvath Z, Kooreman LFS, van der Laak JAWM, Saltz J, Gallas BD, Kurkure U, Barnes M, Salgado R, Cooper LAD. Report on computational assessment of Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes from the International Immuno-Oncology Biomarker Working Group. NPJ Breast Cancer 2020; 6:16. [PMID: 32411818 PMCID: PMC7217824 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-020-0154-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Assessment of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is increasingly recognized as an integral part of the prognostic workflow in triple-negative (TNBC) and HER2-positive breast cancer, as well as many other solid tumors. This recognition has come about thanks to standardized visual reporting guidelines, which helped to reduce inter-reader variability. Now, there are ripe opportunities to employ computational methods that extract spatio-morphologic predictive features, enabling computer-aided diagnostics. We detail the benefits of computational TILs assessment, the readiness of TILs scoring for computational assessment, and outline considerations for overcoming key barriers to clinical translation in this arena. Specifically, we discuss: 1. ensuring computational workflows closely capture visual guidelines and standards; 2. challenges and thoughts standards for assessment of algorithms including training, preanalytical, analytical, and clinical validation; 3. perspectives on how to realize the potential of machine learning models and to overcome the perceptual and practical limits of visual scoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Amgad
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA USA
| | | | - Eva Balslev
- Department of Pathology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Jeppe Thagaard
- DTU Compute, Department of Applied Mathematics, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
- Visiopharm A/S, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Weijie Chen
- FDA/CDRH/OSEL/Division of Imaging, Diagnostics, and Software Reliability, Silver Spring, MD USA
| | - Sarah Dudgeon
- FDA/CDRH/OSEL/Division of Imaging, Diagnostics, and Software Reliability, Silver Spring, MD USA
| | - Ashish Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA USA
| | | | - Carsten Denkert
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg GmbH, Standort Marburg, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yinyin Yuan
- Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Khalid AbdulJabbar
- Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Stephan Wienert
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg GmbH, Standort Marburg, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Peter Savas
- Division of Research and Cancer Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Leonie Voorwerk
- Department of Tumor Biology & Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Anant Madabhushi
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland, OH USA
- Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Administration Medical Center, Cleveland, OH USA
| | - Johan Hartman
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Manu M. Sebastian
- Departments of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Hugo M. Horlings
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Hudeček
- Department of Research IT, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Francesco Ciompi
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - David A. Moore
- Department of Pathology, UCL Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Rajendra Singh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Elvire Roblin
- Université Paris-Saclay, Univ. Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France
| | - Marcelo Luiz Balancin
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marie-Christine Mathieu
- Department of Medical Biology and Pathology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Jochen K. Lennerz
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Pawan Kirtani
- Department of Histopathology, Manipal Hospitals Dwarka, New Delhi, India
| | - I-Chun Chen
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeremy P. Braybrooke
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Giancarlo Pruneri
- Pathology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori and University of Milan, School of Medicine, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Sylvia Adams
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Stuart J. Schnitt
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Sunil R. Lakhani
- The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research and Pathology Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Federico Rojo
- Pathology Department, CIBERONC-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain
- GEICAM-Spanish Breast Cancer Research Group, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Comerma
- Pathology Department, CIBERONC-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain
- GEICAM-Spanish Breast Cancer Research Group, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sunil S. Badve
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | | | - W. Fraser Symmans
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Christos Sotiriou
- Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- ULB-Cancer Research Center (U-CRC) Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Paula Gonzalez-Ericsson
- Breast Cancer Program, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN USA
| | | | | | - David L. Rimm
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Giuseppe Viale
- Department of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS & State University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Stephen M. Hewitt
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - John M. S. Bartlett
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON Canada
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Frédérique Penault-Llorca
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, Centre Jean Perrin, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- UMR INSERM 1240, Universite Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Shom Goel
- Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre building, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - Huang-Chun Lien
- Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sibylle Loibl
- German Breast Group, c/o GBG-Forschungs GmbH, Neu-Isenburg, Germany
| | - Zuzana Kos
- Department of Pathology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia Canada
| | - Sherene Loi
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Matthew G. Hanna
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Stefan Michiels
- Gustave Roussy, Universite Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Sud, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Villejuif, France
| | - Marleen Kok
- Division of Molecular Oncology & Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Alexander J. Lazar
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | | | - Loes F. S. Kooreman
- GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen A. W. M. van der Laak
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Joel Saltz
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY USA
| | - Brandon D. Gallas
- FDA/CDRH/OSEL/Division of Imaging, Diagnostics, and Software Reliability, Silver Spring, MD USA
| | - Uday Kurkure
- Roche Tissue Diagnostics, Digital Pathology, Santa Clara, CA USA
| | - Michael Barnes
- Roche Diagnostics Information Solutions, Belmont, CA USA
| | - Roberto Salgado
- Division of Research and Cancer Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Pathology, GZA-ZNA Ziekenhuizen, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Lee A. D. Cooper
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
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5
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Turner OC, Aeffner F, Bangari DS, High W, Knight B, Forest T, Cossic B, Himmel LE, Rudmann DG, Bawa B, Muthuswamy A, Aina OH, Edmondson EF, Saravanan C, Brown DL, Sing T, Sebastian MM. Society of Toxicologic Pathology Digital Pathology and Image Analysis Special Interest Group Article*: Opinion on the Application of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning to Digital Toxicologic Pathology. Toxicol Pathol 2019; 48:277-294. [DOI: 10.1177/0192623319881401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Toxicologic pathology is transitioning from analog to digital methods. This transition seems inevitable due to a host of ongoing social and medical technological forces. Of these, artificial intelligence (AI) and in particular machine learning (ML) are globally disruptive, rapidly growing sectors of technology whose impact on the long-established field of histopathology is quickly being realized. The development of increasing numbers of algorithms, peering ever deeper into the histopathological space, has demonstrated to the scientific community that AI pathology platforms are now poised to truly impact the future of precision and personalized medicine. However, as with all great technological advances, there are implementation and adoption challenges. This review aims to define common and relevant AI and ML terminology, describe data generation and interpretation, outline current and potential future business cases, discuss validation and regulatory hurdles, and most importantly, propose how overcoming the challenges of this burgeoning technology may shape toxicologic pathology for years to come, enabling pathologists to contribute even more effectively to answering scientific questions and solving global health issues. [Box: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver C. Turner
- Novartis, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Preclinical Safety, East Hanover, NJ, USA
| | - Famke Aeffner
- Amgen Inc, Research, Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Wanda High
- High Preclinical Pathology Consulting, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Brian Knight
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, Nonclinical Drug Safety, Ridgefield, CT, USA
| | | | - Brieuc Cossic
- Roche, Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lauren E. Himmel
- Division of Animal Care, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Elijah F. Edmondson
- Pathology/Histotechnology Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, NIH, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Chandrassegar Saravanan
- Novartis, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Preclinical Safety, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Tobias Sing
- Novartis, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, NIBR Informatics, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Manu M. Sebastian
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX, USA
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6
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Zuo X, Deguchi Y, Xu W, Liu Y, Li HS, Wei D, Tian R, Chen W, Xu M, Yang Y, Gao S, Jaoude JC, Liu F, Chrieki SP, Moussalli MJ, Gagea M, Sebastian MM, Zheng X, Tan D, Broaddus R, Wang J, Ajami NJ, Swennes AG, Watowich SS, Shureiqi I. PPARD and Interferon Gamma Promote Transformation of Gastric Progenitor Cells and Tumorigenesis in Mice. Gastroenterology 2019; 157:163-178. [PMID: 30885780 PMCID: PMC6581611 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARD) regulates cell metabolism, proliferation, and inflammation and has been associated with gastric and other cancers. Villin-positive epithelial cells are a small population of quiescent gastric progenitor cells. We expressed PPARD from a villin promoter to investigate the role of these cells and PPARD in development of gastric cancer. METHODS We analyzed gastric tissues from mice that express the Ppard (PPARD1 and PPARD2 mice) from a villin promoter, and mice that did not carry this transgene (controls), by histology and immunohistochemistry. We performed cell lineage-tracing experiments and analyzed the microbiomes, chemokine and cytokine production, and immune cells and transcriptomes of stomachs of these mice. We also performed immunohistochemical analysis of PPARD levels in 2 sets of human gastric tissue microarrays. RESULTS Thirty-eight percent of PPARD mice developed spontaneous, invasive gastric adenocarcinomas, with severe chronic inflammation. Levels of PPARD were increased in human gastric cancer tissues, compared with nontumor tissues, and associated with gastric cancer stage and grade. We found an inverse correlation between level of PPARD in tumor tissue and patient survival time. Gastric microbiomes from PPARD and control mice did not differ significantly. Lineage-tracing experiments identified villin-expressing gastric progenitor cells (VGPCs) as the origin of gastric tumors in PPARD mice. In these mice, PPARD up-regulated CCL20 and CXCL1, which increased infiltration of the gastric mucosa by immune cells. Immune cell production of inflammatory cytokines promoted chronic gastric inflammation and expansion and transformation of VGPCs, leading to tumorigenesis. We identified a positive-feedback loop between PPARD and interferon gamma signaling that sustained gastric inflammation to induce VGPC transformation and gastric carcinogenesis. CONCLUSIONS We found PPARD overexpression in VPGCs to result in inflammation, dysplasia, and tumor formation. PPARD and VGPCs might be therapeutic targets for stomach cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangsheng Zuo
- Departments of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Yasunori Deguchi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Weiguo Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Haiyan S. Li
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Daoyan Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rui Tian
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Weidong Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yaying Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shen Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jonathan C. Jaoude
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Fuyao Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sarah P. Chrieki
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Micheline J. Moussalli
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mihai Gagea
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Manu M. Sebastian
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Zheng
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Dongfeng Tan
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Russell Broaddus
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nadim J. Ajami
- Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research and Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Alton G. Swennes
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Stephanie S. Watowich
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Imad Shureiqi
- Departments of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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7
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Bao J, Di Lorenzo A, Lin K, Lu Y, Zhong Y, Sebastian MM, Muller WJ, Yang Y, Bedford MT. Mouse Models of Overexpression Reveal Distinct Oncogenic Roles for Different Type I Protein Arginine Methyltransferases. Cancer Res 2018; 79:21-32. [PMID: 30352814 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-1995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMT) are generally not mutated in diseased states, but they are overexpressed in a number of cancers, including breast cancer. To address the possible roles of PRMT overexpression in mammary gland tumorigenesis, we generated Cre-activated PRMT1, CARM1, and PRMT6 overexpression mouse models. These three enzymes are the primary type I PRMTs and are responsible for the majority of the asymmetric arginine methylation deposited in the cells. Using either a keratin 5-Cre recombinase (K5-Cre) cross or an MMTV-NIC mouse, we investigated the impact of PRMT overexpression alone or in the context of a HER2-driven model of breast cancer, respectively. The overexpression of all three PRMTs induced hyper-branching of the mammary glands and increased Ki-67 staining. When combined with the MMTV-NIC model, these in vivo experiments provided the first genetic evidence implicating elevated levels of these three PRMTs in mammary gland tumorigenesis, albeit with variable degrees of tumor promotion and latency. In addition, these mouse models provided valuable tools for exploring the biological roles and molecular mechanisms of PRMT overexpression in the mammary gland. For example, transcriptome analysis of purified mammary epithelial cells isolated from bigenic NIC-PRMT1 Tg and NIC-PRMT6 Tg mice revealed a deregulated PI3K-AKT pathway. In the future, these PRMT Tg lines can be leveraged to investigate the roles of arginine methylation in other tissues and tumor model systems using different tissue-specific Cre crosses, and they can also be used for testing the in vivo efficacy of small molecule inhibitors that target these PRMT. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings establish Cre-activated mouse models of three different arginine methyltransferases, PRMT1, CARM1, and PRMT6, which are overexpressed in human cancers, providing a valuable tool for the study of PRMT function in tumorigenesis.See related commentary by Watson and Bitler, p. 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Bao
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, Texas
| | - Alessandra Di Lorenzo
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, Texas
| | - Kevin Lin
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, Texas
| | - Yue Lu
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, Texas
| | - Yi Zhong
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, Texas
| | - Manu M Sebastian
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, Texas
| | - William J Muller
- Department of Biochemistry, Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yanzhong Yang
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Mark T Bedford
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, Texas.
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8
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Jaiswal AR, Bartkowiak T, Ager CR, Chin R, Chen CH, Budhani P, Ai M, Reilley MJ, Sebastian MM, Hong D, Curran MA. Abstract A21: Activation of 4-1BB on liver myeloid cells triggers hepatitis via an interleukin-27 dependent pathway. Cancer Immunol Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/2326-6074.tumimm17-a21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose: Agonist antibodies targeting the T cell co-stimulatory receptor 4-1BB (CD137) are among the most effective immunotherapeutic agents across multiple preclinical models of cancer. In the clinic, however, development of these agents has been stymied by dose-limiting liver toxicity. Lack of knowledge of the mechanisms underlying this toxicity has limited the potential to separate 4-1BB agonist driven anti-tumor immunity from hepatotoxicity.
Experimental Design: The capacity of 4-1BB agonist antibodies to induce liver toxicity was investigated in immune competent mice, with or without co-administration of checkpoint blockade, via measurement of serum transaminase levels, through imaging of liver immune infiltrates, and via qualitative and quantitative assessment of liver myeloid and T cells via flow cytometry. Knockout mice were used to clarify the contribution of specific cell subsets, cytokines and chemokines.
Results: We find that activation of 4-1BB on liver myeloid cells is essential to initiate hepatitis. Once activated, these cells produce interleukin-27, which is required for liver toxicity. CD8 T cells infiltrate the liver in response to this myeloid activation and mediate tissue damage triggering transaminase elevation. FoxP3+ regulatory T cells limit liver damage and their removal dramatically exacerbates 4-1BB agonist hepatitis. Co-administration of CTLA-4 blockade ameliorates transaminase elevation, whereas PD-1 blockade exacerbates it. Loss of the chemokine receptor CCR2 blocks 4-1BB agonist hepatitis without diminishing tumor-specific immunity against B16 melanoma.
Conclusions: 4-1BB agonist antibodies trigger hepatitis via activation of myeloid cells to produce Interleukin-27. Co-administration of CTLA-4 and/or CCR2 blockade may minimize hepatitis but yields equal or greater antitumor immunity.
Citation Format: Ashvin R. Jaiswal, Todd Bartkowiak, Casey R. Ager, Renee Chin, Chao Hsien Chen, Pratha Budhani, Midan Ai, Matthew J. Reilley, Manu M. Sebastian, David Hong, Michael A. Curran. Activation of 4-1BB on liver myeloid cells triggers hepatitis via an interleukin-27 dependent pathway [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2017 Oct 1-4; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2018;6(9 Suppl):Abstract nr A21.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Todd Bartkowiak
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Casey R. Ager
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Renee Chin
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Chao Hsien Chen
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Pratha Budhani
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Midan Ai
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | | | - David Hong
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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9
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Bartkowiak T, Jaiswal AR, Ager CR, Chin R, Chen CH, Budhani P, Ai M, Reilley MJ, Sebastian MM, Hong DS, Curran MA. Activation of 4-1BB on Liver Myeloid Cells Triggers Hepatitis via an Interleukin-27-Dependent Pathway. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:1138-1151. [PMID: 29301830 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-1847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Agonist antibodies targeting the T-cell costimulatory receptor 4-1BB (CD137) are among the most effective immunotherapeutic agents across preclinical cancer models. In the clinic, however, development of these agents has been hampered by dose-limiting liver toxicity. Lack of knowledge of the mechanisms underlying this toxicity has limited the potential to separate 4-1BB agonist-driven tumor immunity from hepatotoxicity.Experimental Design: The capacity of 4-1BB agonist antibodies to induce liver toxicity was investigated in immunocompetent mice, with or without coadministration of checkpoint blockade, via (i) measurement of serum transaminase levels, (ii) imaging of liver immune infiltrates, and (iii) qualitative and quantitative assessment of liver myeloid and T cells via flow cytometry. Knockout mice were used to clarify the contribution of specific cell subsets, cytokines, and chemokines.Results: We find that activation of 4-1BB on liver myeloid cells is essential to initiate hepatitis. Once activated, these cells produce interleukin-27 that is required for liver toxicity. CD8 T cells infiltrate the liver in response to this myeloid activation and mediate tissue damage, triggering transaminase elevation. FoxP3+ regulatory T cells limit liver damage, and their removal dramatically exacerbates 4-1BB agonist-induced hepatitis. Coadministration of CTLA-4 blockade ameliorates transaminase elevation, whereas PD-1 blockade exacerbates it. Loss of the chemokine receptor CCR2 blocks 4-1BB agonist hepatitis without diminishing tumor-specific immunity against B16 melanoma.Conclusions: 4-1BB agonist antibodies trigger hepatitis via activation and expansion of interleukin-27-producing liver Kupffer cells and monocytes. Coadministration of CTLA-4 and/or CCR2 blockade may minimize hepatitis, but yield equal or greater antitumor immunity. Clin Cancer Res; 24(5); 1138-51. ©2018 AACR.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- CTLA-4 Antigen/antagonists & inhibitors
- CTLA-4 Antigen/immunology
- Cell Line, Tumor/transplantation
- Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/etiology
- Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/immunology
- Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/pathology
- Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
- Humans
- Interleukins/immunology
- Interleukins/metabolism
- Liver/cytology
- Liver/drug effects
- Liver/immunology
- Liver/pathology
- Male
- Melanoma, Experimental/drug therapy
- Melanoma, Experimental/immunology
- Melanoma, Experimental/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Myeloid Cells/drug effects
- Myeloid Cells/immunology
- Myeloid Cells/metabolism
- Receptors, CCR2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, CCR2/immunology
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/immunology
- Skin Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Skin Neoplasms/immunology
- Skin Neoplasms/pathology
- Tumor Microenvironment/drug effects
- Tumor Microenvironment/immunology
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 9/agonists
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd Bartkowiak
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
| | - Ashvin R Jaiswal
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
| | - Casey R Ager
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
| | - Renee Chin
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Chao-Hsien Chen
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
| | - Pratha Budhani
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Midan Ai
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Matthew J Reilley
- Department of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Manu M Sebastian
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - David S Hong
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Michael A Curran
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
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10
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Bolin DC, Donahue JM, Vickers ML, Harrison L, Sells S, Giles RC, Hong CB, Poonacha KB, Roberts J, Sebastian MM, Swerczek TW, Tramontin R, Williams NM. Microbiologic and Pathologic Findings in an Epidemic of Equine Pericarditis. J Vet Diagn Invest 2016; 17:38-44. [PMID: 15690949 DOI: 10.1177/104063870501700108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
During the spring and summer of 2001 and in association with the mare reproductive loss syndrome, 22 terminal and 12 clinical cases of equine pericarditis were diagnosed in central Kentucky. Actinobacillus species were the principal isolates from 8 of 10 nontreated, terminally affected and 3 of 10 clinically affected horses. Enterococcus faecalis and Streptococcus zooepidemicus were cultured from the remaining 2 nontreated terminal cases. No viruses were isolated in tissue culture. Nucleic acid of equine herpesvirus-2 was detected in pericardial and tracheal wash fluids of 3 and 1 individuals, respectively. Microscopic alterations in sections of heart and parietal pericardium were consistent with chronic fibrinous bacterial pericarditis. This report confirms a significant role of Actinobacillus species in equine pericarditis and describes an epidemic of this infrequently observed syndrome in the horse.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Bolin
- Livestock Disease Diagnostic Center, College of Agriculture, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40511-4125, USA
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11
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Tan JY, Valberg SJ, Sebastian MM, Davis GD, Kelly JR, Goehring LS, Harland MM, Kuebelbeck KL, Waldridge BM, Newton JC, Reimer JM. Suspected systemic calcinosis and calciphylaxis in 5 horses. Can Vet J 2010; 51:993-999. [PMID: 21119866 PMCID: PMC2920174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Five horses were presented with signs of myopathy along with systemic malaise, hyperfibrinogenemia, hyperphosphatemia, and an elevated calcium phosphorus product (Ca*P). Postmortem findings were consistent with systemic calcinosis, a syndrome of calcium deposition in the tissue of organs including lungs, kidneys, muscle, and heart that has not been previously described in horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Yin Tan
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.
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12
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Bendon RW, Sebastian MM, Sebastian MM. Stillborn infant with calcified chorionic epithelium, corneal scarring, and pericarditis. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2009; 28:274-8. [PMID: 19842882 DOI: 10.1080/15513810903203206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This autopsy of a stillborn term infant revealed a constellation of unusual features including calcification of the chorion membrane and portions of the umbilical vascular media, extensive white matter gliosis, arthrogryposis multiplex congenita, adhesions of one eyelid to the globe, pericarditis, a miniature left foot, and a cleft palate. We hypothesized that the membrane and umbilical cord lesions resulted from an episode of resolved chorioamnionitis earlier in the pregnancy. Mare reproductive loss syndrome (MRLS) demonstrates a bacteremic infection of the amniotic cavity, pericarditis, and uniocular endophthalmitis in the mare. On the basis of analogy, we speculated that this infant suffered an intrauterine bacteremia with tissue predilection similar to that of MRLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W Bendon
- Department of Pathology, Kosair Children's Hospital, Louisville, KY 40232-5070, USA.
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13
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Abstract
An epidemic of early fetal loss (EFL), late fetal loss (LFL), fibrinous pericarditis, and unilateral uveitis which occurred during the spring of 2001, are together now known as the mare reproductive loss syndrome (MRLS). A similar epidemic with less intensity was reported during the same period of time from southern Ohio, West Virginia, and Tennessee. The same syndrome with lesser intensity recurred in 2002. The estimated economic loss from the syndrome in 2001 and 2002 together was approximately $500 million. Both EFL and LFL were characterized by the absence of specific clinical signs in aborting mares. Nonhemolytic Streptococcus spp. and Actinobacillus spp. accounted for 65% of the organisms isolated from fetuses submitted for a postmortem during the MRLS period in 2001 and 2002. The pathologic findings in fetoplacental units of LFL included bronchopneumonia and funisitis, and there were no findings in EFL. Epidemiologic studies conducted in 2001 suggested an association between the presences of eastern tent caterpillars (ETC) in pastures with MRLS. Experimental studies in pregnant mares by exposure to ETC, or administration by stomach tube or with feed material, reproduced EFL and LFL. Similar experimental studies in mouse, rats, and goats with ETC were unsuccessful. Currently, 2 hypotheses are proposed for MRLS. One hypothesis proposes that an ETC-related toxin with secondary opportunistic bacterial invasion of the fetus leads to MRLS. The second hypothesis suggests that a breach of gastrointestinal mucosal integrity by hairs of ETC leads to a bacteremia and results in MRLS. In 2004, a similar equine abortion storm was reported from Australia and caterpillar exposure was identified as a risk factor for the abortion. In 2006, the syndrome was observed in Florida and New Jersey.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Sebastian
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, BB1810, Columbia University, 650 W 168th Street, New York, NY 31793 (USA).
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14
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Dirikolu L, Hughes C, Harkins D, Boyles J, Bosken J, Lehner F, Troppmann A, McDowell K, Tobin T, Sebastian MM, Harrison L, Crutchfield J, Baskin SI, Fitzgerald TD. The Toxicokinetics of Cyanide and Mandelonitrile in the Horse and Their Relevance to the Mare Reproductive Loss Syndrome. Toxicol Mech Methods 2008; 13:199-211. [DOI: 10.1080/15376510309832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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15
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Bolin DC, Donahue JM, Vickers ML, Giles RC, Harrison L, Jackson C, Poonacha KB, Roberts JE, Sebastian MM, Sells SE, Tramontin R, Williams NM. Equine abortion and premature birth associated with Cellulosimicrobium cellulans infection. J Vet Diagn Invest 2004; 16:333-6. [PMID: 15305747 DOI: 10.1177/104063870401600414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
During the 2002 and 2003 foaling seasons, Cellulosimicrobium (Cellumonas) cellulans (formerly Oerskovia xanthineolytica) was the principal microorganism isolated from fetal tissues or placentas from cases of equine abortion, premature birth, and term pregnancies. Significant pathologic findings included chronic placentitis and pyogranulomatous pneumonia. In addition, microscopic and macroscopic alterations in the allantochorion from 4 of 7 cases of placentitis were similar to those caused by Crossiella equi and other nocardioform bacteria. This report confirms a causative role of C. cellulans infection in equine abortion.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Bolin
- Livestock Disease Diagnostic Center, College of Agriculture, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40511-4125, USA
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16
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Abstract
Fibrocartilaginous embolic myelopathy was diagnosed in a 11-year-old, male, Tennessee Walking Horse by histopathological examination of the spinal cord after the horse was killed because of severe neurological dysfunction. Both ventral funiculi of C6 and C7 cervical spinal cord had extensive necrosis with blood vessels containing fibrocartilaginous emboli. A similar fibrocartilaginous embolus was observed in a single large spinal artery adjoining the vertebral leptomeninges.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Sebastian
- LDDC, University of Kentucky, 1429 Newtown Pike, Lexington, KY 40511, USA.
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