1
|
Hassanpour A, Gauthier MA, Sun S. Ion-retention properties of graphene oxide/zinc oxide nanocomposite membranes at various pH and temperature conditions. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1443. [PMID: 38228699 PMCID: PMC10791694 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51309-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Laminar graphene oxide (GO) is a promising candidate material for next-generation highly water-permeable membranes. Despite extensive research, there is little information known concerning GO's ion-sieving properties at high acidic/basic pH and temperatures. In this study, the ion-blockage properties of the pristine GO and GO/zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocomposite membranes were tested using a non-pressure-driven filtration setup over a wide range of pH and temperatures. The ZnO nanoparticles within the composite membranes were synthesized via the room-temperature oxidation of zinc acetate and zinc acrylate precursors and were uniformly distributed across the composite membrane. It is observed that partially replacing the zinc acetate precursor with zinc acrylate improves the blockage performance of the composite membranes under extreme basic conditions by 42%. Moreover, photocatalytically-reduced composite membranes blocked copper sulfate ions 28% more than as-prepared composite membranes. Further, it was discovered that the composition of the membrane plays a vital role in its ion blockage performance at higher temperatures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hassanpour
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Varennes, QC, J3X 1P7, Canada.
| | - Marc A Gauthier
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Varennes, QC, J3X 1P7, Canada.
| | - Shuhui Sun
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Varennes, QC, J3X 1P7, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Greschner AA, Brahiti N, Auger M, Hu L, Soleymani Abyaneh H, Barbeau X, Parent V, Gaillet B, Guay D, Soultan AH, Gauthier MA. PEGylation of a Peptide-Based Amphiphilic Delivery Agent and Influence on Protein Delivery to Cells. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:4890-4900. [PMID: 37862236 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
The cell membrane is a restrictive biological barrier, especially for large, charged molecules, such as proteins. The use of cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) can facilitate the delivery of proteins, protein complexes, and peptides across the membrane by a variety of mechanisms that are all limited by endosomal sequestration. To improve CPP-mediated delivery, we previously reported the rapid and effective cytosolic delivery of proteins in vitro and in vivo by their coadministration with the peptide S10, which combines a CPP and an endosomal leakage domain. Amphiphilic peptides with hydrophobic properties, such as S10, can interact with lipids to destabilize the cell membrane, thus promoting cargo internalization or escape from endosomal entrapment. However, acute membrane destabilization can result in a dose-limiting cytotoxicity. In this context, the partial or transient deactivation of S10 by modification with methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG; i.e., PEGylation) may provide the means to alter membrane destabilization kinetics, thereby attenuating the impact of acute permeabilization on cell viability. This study investigates the influence of PEGylation parameters (molecular weight, architecture, and conjugation chemistry) on the delivery efficiency of a green fluorescent protein tagged with a nuclear localization signal (GFP-NLS) and cytotoxicity on cells in vitro. Results suggest that PEGylation mostly interferes with adsorption and secondary structure formation of S10 at the cell membrane, and this effect is exacerbated by the mPEG molecular weight. This effect can be compensated for by increasing the concentration of conjugates prepared with lower molecular weight mPEG (5 to ∼20 kDa) but not for conjugates prepared with higher molecular weight mPEG (40 kDa). For conjugates prepared with moderate-to-high molecular weight mPEG (10 to 20 kDa), partial compensation of inactivation could be achieved by the inclusion of a reducible disulfide bond, which provides a mechanism to liberate the S10 from the polymer. Grafting multiple copies of S10 to a high-molecular-weight multiarmed PEG (40 kDa) improved GFP-NLS delivery efficiency. However, these constructs were more cytotoxic than the native peptide. Considering that PEGylation could be harnessed for altering the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution profiles of peptide-based delivery agents in vivo, the trends observed herein provide new perspectives on how to manipulate the membrane permeabilization process, which is an important variable for achieving delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea A Greschner
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS),EMT Research Center, 1650 boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, QC J3X 1P7, Canada
| | - Nadine Brahiti
- Feldan Therapeutics, 2666 boulevard du Parc Technologique Suite 290, Québec QC G1P 4S6, Canada
| | - Maud Auger
- Feldan Therapeutics, 2666 boulevard du Parc Technologique Suite 290, Québec QC G1P 4S6, Canada
- Département de génie chimique Université Laval, Room #3570, 1065 avenue de la Médecine, Pavillon Adrien-Pouliot, Québec QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Lei Hu
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS),EMT Research Center, 1650 boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, QC J3X 1P7, Canada
| | - Hoda Soleymani Abyaneh
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS),EMT Research Center, 1650 boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, QC J3X 1P7, Canada
| | - Xavier Barbeau
- Feldan Therapeutics, 2666 boulevard du Parc Technologique Suite 290, Québec QC G1P 4S6, Canada
| | - Victor Parent
- Feldan Therapeutics, 2666 boulevard du Parc Technologique Suite 290, Québec QC G1P 4S6, Canada
| | - Bruno Gaillet
- Département de génie chimique Université Laval, Room #3570, 1065 avenue de la Médecine, Pavillon Adrien-Pouliot, Québec QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - David Guay
- Feldan Therapeutics, 2666 boulevard du Parc Technologique Suite 290, Québec QC G1P 4S6, Canada
- Département de génie chimique Université Laval, Room #3570, 1065 avenue de la Médecine, Pavillon Adrien-Pouliot, Québec QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Al-Halifa Soultan
- Feldan Therapeutics, 2666 boulevard du Parc Technologique Suite 290, Québec QC G1P 4S6, Canada
| | - Marc A Gauthier
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS),EMT Research Center, 1650 boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, QC J3X 1P7, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zare F, Potenza A, Greschner AA, Gauthier MA. Correction to "Consecutive Alkylation, "Click", and "Clip" Reactions for the Traceless Methionine-Based Conjugation and Release of Methionine-Containing Peptides". Biomacromolecules 2023. [PMID: 37140527 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
|
4
|
Meziadi A, Greschner AA, Gauthier MA. Microwave-Induced Transient Heating Accelerates Protein PEGylation. Biomacromolecules 2023. [PMID: 37130073 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
PEGylation is one of the most widely employed strategies to increase the circulatory half-life of proteins and to reduce immune responses. However, conventional PEGylation protocols often require excess reagents and extended reaction times because of their inefficiency. This study demonstrates that a microwave-induced transient heating phenomenon can be exploited to significantly accelerate protein PEGylation and even increase the degree of PEGylation achievable beyond what is possible at room temperature. This can be accomplished under conditions that do not compromise protein integrity. Several PEGylation chemistries and proteins are tested, and mechanistic insight is provided. Under certain conditions, extremely high levels of PEGylation were achieved in a matter of minutes. Moreover, considering the significantly reduced reaction times, the microwave-induced transient heating concept was adapted for continuous flow manufacturing of bioconjugates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahlem Meziadi
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center, 1650 boul. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Quebec J3X 1P7, Canada
| | - Andrea A Greschner
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center, 1650 boul. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Quebec J3X 1P7, Canada
| | - Marc A Gauthier
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center, 1650 boul. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Quebec J3X 1P7, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Meziadi A, Zuberi N, de Haan HW, Gauthier MA. Overcoming PEG─Protein Mutual Repulsion to Improve the Efficiency of PEGylation. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:4948-4956. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahlem Meziadi
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center, Varennes J3X 1S2, Quebec, Canada
| | - Navid Zuberi
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center, Varennes J3X 1S2, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hendrick W. de Haan
- Faculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa L1H 7K4, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marc A. Gauthier
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center, Varennes J3X 1S2, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zare F, Potenza A, Greschner AA, Gauthier MA. Consecutive Alkylation, "Click", and "Clip" Reactions for the Traceless Methionine-Based Conjugation and Release of Methionine-Containing Peptides. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:2891-2899. [PMID: 35671380 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
"Click" reactions have revolutionized research in many areas of science. However, a disadvantage of the high stability of the Click product is that identifying simple treatments for cleanly dissociating the latter under the same guiding principles, i.e., a "Clip" reaction, remains a challenge. This study demonstrates that electron-deficient alkynes, conveniently installed on methionine residues, can participate in well-known Click (nucleophilic thiol-allene addition) and subsequent Clip reactions (radical thiol-ene addition). To illustrate this concept, a variety of bioconjugates (peptide-peptide; peptide-fluorophore; peptide-polymer; and peptide-protein) were prepared. Interestingly, the Clip reaction of these bioconjugates releases the original peptides concurrent with regeneration of their unmodified methionine residue, in minutes. Moreover, the conjugates demonstrate substantial stability toward endogenous levels of reactive species in bacteria, illustrating the potential for this chemistry in the biosciences. The reaction conditions employed in the Click and Clip steps are compatible with the preservation of the integrity of biomolecules/fluorophores and involve readily accessible reagents and the natural functional groups on peptides/proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Zare
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center, Varennes J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Alessandro Potenza
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETHZ), Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Andrea A Greschner
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center, Varennes J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Marc A Gauthier
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center, Varennes J3X 1S2, Canada.,Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETHZ), Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zaghmi A, Pérez-Mato M, Dopico-López A, Candamo-Lourido M, Campos F, Gauthier MA. New Perspectives for Developing Therapeutic Bioconjugates of Metabolite-Depleting Enzymes: Lessons Learned Combating Glutamate Excitotoxicity. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:1864-1872. [PMID: 35394759 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Glutamate, the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, plays an essential role in several cognitive activities such as memorizing and learning. Excessive glutamate release and disturbance of glutamate homeostasis participates in multiple neuronal pathologies including cerebral ischemia (inadequate blood supply), traumatic brain injury (e.g., from a fall or an accident), multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, migraine, fetal hypoxia, or Alzheimer's disease. Attenuating excitotoxicity by, for example, targeting glutamate receptors has proved to be beneficial in animal models but has largely failed in clinical trials because of toxic side effects. New therapeutic concepts have been explored to reduce the excitotoxic effect caused by the excessive glutamate release by using or stimulating glutamate-depleting enzymes in the bloodstream. These enzymes indirectly act upon the brain by depleting glutamate in the bloodstream, which is believed to siphon it out of the brain. Recent studies have shown that bioconjugate approaches applied to such enzymes exacerbate this therapeutic effect but raise additional questions for future research. This Perspective provides an overview of lessons learned by our group when exploring bioconjugate approaches for combatting glutamate excitotoxicity as an illustration of how research on therapeutic bioconjugates is evolving.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahlem Zaghmi
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, EMT Research Center, Varennes J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - María Pérez-Mato
- Neuroscience and Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, La Paz University Hospital, Neuroscience Area of IdiPAZ Health Research Institute, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Antonio Dopico-López
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - María Candamo-Lourido
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Francisco Campos
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Marc A Gauthier
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, EMT Research Center, Varennes J3X 1S2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pu Z, Liu T, Zhang G, Liu X, Gauthier MA, Chen Z, Sun S. Nanostructured Metal Borides for Energy-Related Electrocatalysis: Recent Progress, Challenges, and Perspectives. Small Methods 2021; 5:e2100699. [PMID: 34927953 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202100699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of durable, active, and affordable electrocatalysts for energy-related catalytic applications plays a crucial role in the advancement of energy conversion and storage technologies to achieve a sustainable energy future. Transition metal borides (TMBs), with variable compositions and structures, present a number of interesting features including coordinated electronic structures, high conductivity, abundant natural reserves, and configurable physicochemical properties. Therefore, TMBs provide a wide range of opportunities for the development of multifunctional catalysts with high performance and long durability. This review first summarizes the typical structural and electronic features of TMBs. Subsequently, the various synthetic methods used thus far to prepare nanostructured TMBs are listed. Furthermore, advances in emerging TMB-catalyzed reactions (both theoretical and experimental) are highlighted, including the hydrogen evolution reaction, the oxygen evolution reaction, the oxygen reduction reaction, the carbon dioxide reduction reaction, the nitrogen reduction reaction, the methanol oxidation reaction, and the formic acid oxidation reaction. Finally, challenges facing the development of TMB electrocatalysts are discussed, with focus on synthesis and energy-related catalytic applications, and some potential strategies/perspectives are suggested as well, which will profit the design of more efficient TMB materials for application in future energy conversion and storage devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zonghua Pu
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Énergie Matériauxet Télécommunications, Varennes, Quebec, J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Tingting Liu
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Gaixia Zhang
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Énergie Matériauxet Télécommunications, Varennes, Quebec, J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Xianhu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Marc A Gauthier
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Énergie Matériauxet Télécommunications, Varennes, Quebec, J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Zhangxing Chen
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Shuhui Sun
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Énergie Matériauxet Télécommunications, Varennes, Quebec, J3X 1S2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nahar S, Mohamed A, Ropagnol X, Hassanpour A, Kiwa T, Ozaki T, Gauthier MA. Noninvasive, label-free, and quantitative monitoring of lipase kinetics using terahertz emission technology. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:4246-4254. [PMID: 34270085 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Enzymes catalyze chemical transformations of great importance in many fields, and analysis of the rate of these transformations is equally important. The latter are typically monitored using surrogate substrates that produce quantifiable optical signals, owing to limitations associated with "label-free" techniques that could be used to monitor the transformation of original substrate molecules. In this study, terahertz (THz) emission technology is used as a noninvasive and label-free technique to monitor the kinetics of lipase-induced hydrolysis of several substrate molecules (including the complex substrate whole cow's milk) and horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed oxidation of o-phenylenediamine in the presence of H2 O2 . This technique was found to be quantitative, and kinetic parameters are compared to those obtained by proton NMR spectroscopy or UV/Vis spectroscopy. This study sets the stage for investigating THz emission technology as a tool for research and development involving enzymes, and for monitoring industrial processes in the food, cosmetic, detergent, pharmaceutical, and biodiesel sectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharifun Nahar
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, EMT Research Center, Varennes, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ahmed Mohamed
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, EMT Research Center, Varennes, Quebec, Canada
| | - Xavier Ropagnol
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, EMT Research Center, Varennes, Quebec, Canada
- Département de Génie Électrique, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Amir Hassanpour
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, EMT Research Center, Varennes, Quebec, Canada
| | - Toshihiko Kiwa
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tsuneyuki Ozaki
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, EMT Research Center, Varennes, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marc A Gauthier
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, EMT Research Center, Varennes, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zaghmi A, Dopico-López A, Pérez-Mato M, Iglesias-Rey R, Hervella P, Greschner AA, Bugallo-Casal A, da Silva A, Gutiérrez-Fernández M, Castillo J, Pérez FC, Gauthier MA. Sustained blood glutamate scavenging enhances protection in ischemic stroke. Commun Biol 2020; 3:729. [PMID: 33273696 PMCID: PMC7713697 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01406-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a major cause of morbidity, mortality, and disability. During ischemic stroke, a marked and prolonged rise of glutamate concentration in the brain causes neuronal cell death. This study explores the protective effect of a bioconjugate form of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (hrGOT), which catalyzes the depletion of blood glutamate in the bloodstream for ~6 days following a single administration. When treated with this bioconjugate, a significant reduction of the infarct volume and a better retention of sensorimotor function was observed for ischemic rats compared to those treated with saline. Moreover, the equivalent dose of native hrGOT yielded similar results to the saline treated group for some tests. Targeting the bioconjugate to the blood-brain-barrier did not improve its performance. The data suggest that the bioconjugates draw glutamate out of the brain by displacing homeostasis between the different glutamate pools of the body.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahlem Zaghmi
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center, Varennes, Qc, J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Antonio Dopico-López
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María Pérez-Mato
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Neuroscience and Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, La Paz University Hospital, Neuroscience Area of IdiPAZ Health Research Institute, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramón Iglesias-Rey
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Pablo Hervella
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Andrea A Greschner
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center, Varennes, Qc, J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Ana Bugallo-Casal
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Andrés da Silva
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María Gutiérrez-Fernández
- Neuroscience and Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, La Paz University Hospital, Neuroscience Area of IdiPAZ Health Research Institute, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Castillo
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Francisco Campos Pérez
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Marc A Gauthier
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center, Varennes, Qc, J3X 1S2, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zaghmi A, Drouin-Ouellet J, Brambilla D, Gauthier MA. Treating brain diseases using systemic parenterally-administered protein therapeutics: Dysfunction of the brain barriers and potential strategies. Biomaterials 2020; 269:120461. [PMID: 33218788 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The parenteral administration of protein therapeutics is increasingly gaining importance for the treatment of human diseases. However, the presence of practically impermeable blood-brain barriers greatly restricts access of such pharmaceutics to the brain. Treating brain disorders with proteins thus remains a great challenge, and the slow clinical translation of these therapeutics may be largely ascribed to the lack of appropriate brain delivery system. Exploring new approaches to deliver proteins to the brain by circumventing physiological barriers is thus of great interest. Moreover, parallel advances in the molecular neurosciences are important for better characterizing blood-brain interfaces, particularly under different pathological conditions (e.g., stroke, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease). This review presents the current state of knowledge of the structure and the function of the main physiological barriers of the brain, the mechanisms of transport across these interfaces, as well as alterations to these concomitant with brain disorders. Further, the different strategies to promote protein delivery into the brain are presented, including the use of molecular Trojan horses, the formulation of nanosystems conjugated/loaded with proteins, protein-engineering technologies, the conjugation of proteins to polymers, and the modulation of intercellular junctions. Additionally, therapeutic approaches for brain diseases that do not involve targeting to the brain are presented (i.e., sink and scavenging mechanisms).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Zaghmi
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center, Varennes, QC, J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - J Drouin-Ouellet
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, CP 6128, succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - D Brambilla
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, CP 6128, succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - M A Gauthier
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center, Varennes, QC, J3X 1S2, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Berchtikou A, Sokullu E, Nahar S, Tijssen P, Gauthier MA, Ozaki T. Comparative study on the inactivation of MS2 and M13 bacteriophages using energetic femtosecond lasers. J Biophotonics 2020; 13:e202000109. [PMID: 32701195 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202000109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Femtosecond (fs) laser irradiation techniques are emerging tools for inactivating viruses that do not involve ionizing radiation. In this work, the inactivation of two bacteriophages representing protective capsids with different geometric constraints, that is, the near-spherical MS2 (with a diameter of 27 nm) and the filamentous M13 (with a length of 880 nm) is compared using energetic visible and near-infrared fs laser pulses with various energies, pulse durations, and exposure times. Intriguingly, the results show that inactivation using 400 nm lasers is substantially more efficient for MS2 compared to M13. In contrast, using 800 nm lasers, M13 was slightly more efficiently inactivated. For both viruses, the genome was exposed to a harmful environment upon fs-laser irradiation. However, in addition to the protection of the genome, the metastable capsids differ in many properties required for stepwise cell entry that may explain their dissimilar behavior after (partial) disassembly. For MS2, the dominant mechanism of fs-laser inactivation was the aggregation of the viral capsid proteins, whereas aggregation did not affect M13 inactivation, suggesting that the dominant mechanism of M13 inactivation was related to breaking of secondary protein links.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Berchtikou
- INRS - Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Varennes, Québec, Canada
| | - Esen Sokullu
- INRS - Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Varennes, Québec, Canada
| | - Sharifun Nahar
- INRS - Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Varennes, Québec, Canada
| | - Peter Tijssen
- INRS - Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Marc A Gauthier
- INRS - Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Varennes, Québec, Canada
| | - Tsuneyuki Ozaki
- INRS - Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Varennes, Québec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Geng X, Congdon TR, Anees P, Greschner AA, Vetrone F, Gauthier MA. Surface vs. core N/S/Se-heteroatom doping of carbon nanodots produces divergent yet consistent optical responses to reactive oxygen species. Nanoscale Adv 2020; 2:4024-4033. [PMID: 36132774 PMCID: PMC9417739 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00439a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanodots (CNDs) have attracted substantial scientific curiosity because of their intriguing stimuli-responsive optical properties. However, one obstacle to the more widespread use of CNDs as transducers for e.g., biodetection systems is incomplete knowledge regarding the underlying chemical changes responsible for this responsiveness, and how these chemical features can be engineered via the precursors chosen for CND synthesis. This study demonstrates that the precursor's functional groups play a key role in directing N/S/Se heteroatom dopants either towards the surface of the CNDs, towards the aromatic core, or towards small organic fluorophores in the core. Divergent optical properties, which were consistent amongst groups of CNDs prepared with similar precursors, were obtained including either a decrease or increase of fluorescence intensity in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. Moreover, CNDs were identified with orthogonal responsiveness to radical (hydroxyl radicals, ˙OH; down to 2.5 μM) vs. non-radical oxidants (H2O2; down to 50 μM), which suggests that control of the chemistry of CNDs via the choice of precursor could yield probes that are specific to certain sub-species of reactive oxygen species or entirely different molecules altogether, based on the way they chemically-modify the surface (respond faster) and core functional groups (respond slower) associated with chromophores/fluorophores of which the CNDs are composed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Geng
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center 1650 Boul. Lionel-Boulet Varennes J3X 1S2 Canada
- School of Basic Medical Science, Henan University Kaifeng 475004 P. R. China
| | - Thomas R Congdon
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center 1650 Boul. Lionel-Boulet Varennes J3X 1S2 Canada
| | - Palapuravan Anees
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center 1650 Boul. Lionel-Boulet Varennes J3X 1S2 Canada
| | - Andrea A Greschner
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center 1650 Boul. Lionel-Boulet Varennes J3X 1S2 Canada
| | - Fiorenzo Vetrone
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center 1650 Boul. Lionel-Boulet Varennes J3X 1S2 Canada
| | - Marc A Gauthier
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center 1650 Boul. Lionel-Boulet Varennes J3X 1S2 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sokullu E, Pinsard M, Zhang J, Plathier J, Kolhatkar G, Blum AS, Légaré F, Ruediger A, Ozaki T, Gauthier MA. Plasmonic Enhancement of Two-Photon Excitation Fluorescence by Colloidal Assemblies of Very Small AuNPs Templated on M13 Phage. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:2705-2713. [PMID: 32551601 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this study, an engineered M13 bacteriophage was examined as a biological template to create a well-defined spacing between very small gold nanoparticles (AuNPs 3-13 nm). The effect of the AuNP particle size on the enhancement of the nonlinear process of two-photon excitation fluorescence (2PEF) was investigated. Compared to conventional (one-photon) microscopy techniques, such nonlinear processes are less susceptible to scattering given that the density of background-scattered photons is too low to generate a detectable signal. Besides this, the use of very small AuNPs in 2PEF microscopy becomes more advantageous because individual "isolated" AuNPs of this size do not sufficiently enhance 2PEF to produce a detectable signal, resulting in even less background signal. To investigate the 2PEF of the AuNP-M13 assemblies, a variety of sample preparation approaches are tested, and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is employed to study the strength of plasmon coupling within the gaps of AuNPs assembled on the M13 template. Results indicate that assemblies prepared with 9-13 nm AuNP were able to clearly label Escherichia coli cells and produce a 2PEF signal that was orders of magnitude higher than the isolated AuNP (below the threshold of detection). This study thus provides a better understanding of the opportunities and limitations relevant to the use of such small AuNPs within colloidal plasmonic assemblies, for applications in biodetection or as imaging contrast agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esen Sokullu
- EMT Research Center, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Varennes, Quebec J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Maxime Pinsard
- EMT Research Center, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Varennes, Quebec J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- EMT Research Center, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Varennes, Quebec J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Julien Plathier
- EMT Research Center, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Varennes, Quebec J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Gitanjali Kolhatkar
- EMT Research Center, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Varennes, Quebec J3X 1S2, Canada
| | | | - François Légaré
- EMT Research Center, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Varennes, Quebec J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Andreas Ruediger
- EMT Research Center, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Varennes, Quebec J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Tsuneyuki Ozaki
- EMT Research Center, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Varennes, Quebec J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Marc A Gauthier
- EMT Research Center, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Varennes, Quebec J3X 1S2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Berchtikou A, Greschner AA, Tijssen P, Gauthier MA, Ozaki T. Accelerated inactivation of M13 bacteriophage using millijoule femtosecond lasers. J Biophotonics 2020; 13:e201900001. [PMID: 31654474 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201900001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Irradiation of femtosecond (fs) pulse lasers in the visible and near-infrared ranges have been proposed as a promising approach for inactivating viruses. However, in order to achieve significant virus inactivation, past works have required relatively long irradiation times (1 hour or longer), even for small volumes. Given its advantages compared with other techniques, there is an urgent need to shorten the time required to inactivate viruses using fs laser technology. In this study, we investigate the inactivation of purified M13 bacteriophage in phosphate-buffered saline with large active volume (1 cm3 ), and short exposure time (several minutes), using lasers with 20 mJ/pulse energy at various wavelengths (800, 400 nm or both 800 and 400 nm combined). For an exposure time of 15 and 2 minute, the use of a 400 nm wavelength laser results in a high load reduction of 5.8 ± 0.3 and 2.9 ± 0.15, respectively, on the log10 scale of viability. We show that virus inactivation using the 400 nm laser is much more efficient compared with that using an 800 nm laser, or the simultaneous irradiation of 400 and 800 nm lasers. Higher pathogen inactivation is observed for lasers with shorter pulse duration, whereas at longer pulse durations, the inactivation is reduced. For millijoule-energy fs laser irradiation, the M13 bacteriophage inactivation, via the reduction of the functionality of M13 bacteriophages, is accompanied with relatively small amounts of genetic damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Berchtikou
- INRS-Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Peter Tijssen
- INRS-Centre Institut Armand-Frappier, Québec, Canada
| | - Marc A Gauthier
- INRS-Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Québec, Canada
| | - Tsuneyuki Ozaki
- INRS-Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Québec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abyaneh HS, Regenold M, McKee TD, Allen C, Gauthier MA. Towards extracellular matrix normalization for improved treatment of solid tumors. Theranostics 2020; 10:1960-1980. [PMID: 32042347 PMCID: PMC6993244 DOI: 10.7150/thno.39995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
It is currently challenging to eradicate cancer. In the case of solid tumors, the dense and aberrant extracellular matrix (ECM) is a major contributor to the heterogeneous distribution of small molecule drugs and nano-formulations, which makes certain areas of the tumor difficult to treat. As such, much research is devoted to characterizing this matrix and devising strategies to modify its properties as a means to facilitate the improved penetration of drugs and their nano-formulations. This contribution presents the current state of knowledge on the composition of normal ECM and changes to ECM that occur during the pathological progression of cancer. It also includes discussion of strategies designed to modify the composition/properties of the ECM as a means to enhance the penetration and transport of drugs and nano-formulations within solid tumors. Moreover, a discussion of approaches to image the ECM, as well as ways to monitor changes in the ECM as a function of time are presented, as these are important for the implementation of ECM-modifying strategies within therapeutic interventions. Overall, considering the complexity of the ECM, its variability within different tissues, and the multiple pathways by which homeostasis is maintained (both in normal and malignant tissues), the available literature - while promising - suggests that improved monitoring of ECM remodeling in vivo is needed to harness the described strategies to their full potential, and match them with an appropriate chemotherapy regimen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Soleymani Abyaneh
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center, 1650 boul. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, J3X 1S2, Canada
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Maximilian Regenold
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Trevor D. McKee
- STTARR Innovation Centre, University Health Network, 101 College Street Room 7-504, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Christine Allen
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Marc A. Gauthier
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center, 1650 boul. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, J3X 1S2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Anees P, Gauthier MA. Homogenous Scavenging Resolves Low-Purification Yield/Selectivity Caused by Secondary Binding of Protein-A to Antigen-Binding Antibody Fragments. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:825-829. [PMID: 31841628 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Antigen-binding fragments of antibodies are biotechnologically useful agents for decorating drug delivery systems, for blocking cell-surface receptors in cell culture, for recognizing analytes in biosensors, and potentially as therapeutics. They are typically produced by enzymatic digestion of full antibodies and isolated from the undesirable fragment crystallizable (Fc) by affinity chromatography using Protein-A columns. However, while Protein-A has a strong "classical" interaction with Fc fragments, it can also more weakly bind to an "alternative" site on the heavy chain variable region of antigen-binding fragments. As such, purifying small amounts of antibody fragments by Protein-A chromatography can result in low yield. Moreover, loading larger amounts of antibody fragments onto a Protein-A column can result in poor separation, because of competition of Fc and antigen-binding fragments for immobilized Protein-A. This study demonstrates that Protein-A-based homogeneous scavenging resolves this issue by precisely controlling the stoichiometry of Protein-A to Fc fragments, something that is not possible for conventional flow-type systems, such as affinity chromatography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Palapuravan Anees
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center , 1650 boul. Lionel-Boulet , Varennes , J3X 1S2 , Canada
| | - Marc A Gauthier
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center , 1650 boul. Lionel-Boulet , Varennes , J3X 1S2 , Canada
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Nahar S, Sokullu E, Gauthier MA. The phage display of Bacillus subtilis Lipase A significantly enhances catalytic activity due to altered nanoscale distribution in colloidal solution. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 117:868-872. [PMID: 31758554 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Screening libraries of mutant proteins by phage display is now relatively common. However, one unknown factor is how the bacteriophage scaffold itself influences the properties of the displayed protein. This communication evaluates the effect of solution parameters on the catalytic activity of phage displayed Bacillus subtilis Lipase A (BSLA), compared to the free enzyme in solution. While the pH- and temperature-activity profiles of BSLA were not intrinsically affected by phage display, the nanoscale distribution of BSLA within the micellar assay buffer was. This lead to a pronounced increase of activity of phage-BSLA relative to the free enzyme, owing to the accumulation of phage-BSLA at the substrate-rich micelles. Considering this result obtained for BSLA, caution is warranted and similar effects should be considered when selecting other enzymes/proteins by phage display, as the activity of the displayed protein may differ from that of the free protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharifun Nahar
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center, Varennes, Quebec, Canada
| | - Esen Sokullu
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center, Varennes, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marc A Gauthier
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center, Varennes, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gong Y, Soleymani Abyaneh H, Drossis N, Niederquell A, Kuentz M, Leroux JC, de Haan HW, Gauthier MA. Ultra-sub-stoichiometric "Dynamic" Bioconjugation Reduces Viscosity by Disrupting Immunoglobulin Oligomerization. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:3557-3565. [PMID: 31398010 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) are a major focus of the pharmaceutical industry, and polyclonal immunoglobulin G (IgG) therapy is used to treat a wide variety of health conditions. As some individuals require mAb/IgG therapy their entire life, there is currently a great desire to formulate antibodies for bolus injection rather than infusion. However, to achieve the required doses, very concentrated antibody solutions may be required. Unfortunately, mAb/IgG self-assembly at high concentration can produce an unacceptably high viscosity for injection. To address this challenge, this study expands the concept of "dynamic covalent chemistry" to "dynamic bioconjugation" in order to reduce viscosity by interfering with antibody-antibody interactions. Ultra-sub-stoichiometric amounts of dynamic PEGylation agents (down to the nanomolar) significantly reduced the viscosity of concentrated antibody solutions by interfering with oligomerization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Gong
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETHZ) , Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 , 8093 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Hoda Soleymani Abyaneh
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS) , EMT Research Center , 1650 boul. Lionel-Boulet , Varennes , J3X 1S2 , Canada
| | - Nicole Drossis
- University of Ontario Institute of Technology , Faculty of Science , Oshawa , Ontario L1H 7K4 , Canada
| | - Andreas Niederquell
- University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland , School of Life Sciences, Institute of Pharma Technology , Hofackerstr. 30 , 4132 Muttenz , Switzerland
| | - Martin Kuentz
- University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland , School of Life Sciences, Institute of Pharma Technology , Hofackerstr. 30 , 4132 Muttenz , Switzerland
| | - Jean-Christophe Leroux
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETHZ) , Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 , 8093 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Hendrick W de Haan
- University of Ontario Institute of Technology , Faculty of Science , Oshawa , Ontario L1H 7K4 , Canada
| | - Marc A Gauthier
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS) , EMT Research Center , 1650 boul. Lionel-Boulet , Varennes , J3X 1S2 , Canada
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zaghmi A, Greschner AA, Mendez-Villuendas E, Liu JY, de Haan HW, Gauthier MA. Determination of the degree of PEGylation of protein bioconjugates using data from proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Data Brief 2019; 25:104037. [PMID: 31223640 PMCID: PMC6565728 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.104037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The average number of methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG) chains grafted to a protein - also known as the degree of PEGylation - is a fundamental parameter for characterizing a bioconjugate. The degree of PEGylation is typically determined by chromatographic or electrophoretic methods, which are subject to certain biases. This contribution describes an analytical approach alongside technical precautions for quantitatively determining the degree of PEGylation of protein bioconjugates by 1H NMR spectroscopy. An accompanying dataset, corresponding to the raw 1H NMR spectra of thirteen bioconjugates with different degrees of PEGylation and different mPEG molecular weights, is provided for the reader to become familiar with the analysis. The exemplary bioconjugate system used in this Data article is the enzyme glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) modified with multiple copies of mPEG (0.5-20 kDa). These bioconjugates correspond to those discussed in-depth in the article "Mechanisms of activity loss for a multi-PEGylated protein by experiment and simulation" by Zaghmi et al., 2019 The described approach to calculate degree of PEGylation is quantitative, applicable to other proteins, and can be adapted to other types of polymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahlem Zaghmi
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center, Varennes, QC, J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Andrea A Greschner
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center, Varennes, QC, J3X 1S2, Canada
| | | | - Jun Yang Liu
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center, Varennes, QC, J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Hendrick W de Haan
- University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Faculty of Science, Oshawa, Ontario, L1H 7K4, Canada
| | - Marc A Gauthier
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center, Varennes, QC, J3X 1S2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Sokullu E, Soleymani Abyaneh H, Gauthier MA. Plant/Bacterial Virus-Based Drug Discovery, Drug Delivery, and Therapeutics. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E211. [PMID: 31058814 PMCID: PMC6572107 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11050211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Viruses have recently emerged as promising nanomaterials for biotechnological applications. One of the most important applications of viruses is phage display, which has already been employed to identify a broad range of potential therapeutic peptides and antibodies, as well as other biotechnologically relevant polypeptides (including protease inhibitors, minimizing proteins, and cell/organ targeting peptides). Additionally, their high stability, easily modifiable surface, and enormous diversity in shape and size, distinguish viruses from synthetic nanocarriers used for drug delivery. Indeed, several plant and bacterial viruses (e.g., phages) have been investigated and applied as drug carriers. The ability to remove the genetic material within the capsids of some plant viruses and phages produces empty viral-like particles that are replication-deficient and can be loaded with therapeutic agents. This review summarizes the current applications of plant viruses and phages in drug discovery and as drug delivery systems and includes a discussion of the present status of virus-based materials in clinical research, alongside the observed challenges and opportunities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esen Sokullu
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center, Varennes, QC J3X 1S2, Canada.
| | - Hoda Soleymani Abyaneh
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center, Varennes, QC J3X 1S2, Canada.
| | - Marc A Gauthier
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center, Varennes, QC J3X 1S2, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Anees P, Zhao Y, Greschner AA, Congdon TR, de Haan HW, Cottenye N, Gauthier MA. Evidence, Manipulation, and Termination of pH 'Nanobuffering' for Quantitative Homogenous Scavenging of Monoclonal Antibodies. ACS Nano 2019; 13:1019-1028. [PMID: 30588795 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b07202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrates that pH-responsive polymers have a very high buffering capacity in their immediate vicinity, a phenomenon termed "nanobuffering". This can be exploited to dissociate local nanoscale pH from bulk solution pH. Herein, a series of pH-responsive polymers were conjugated to Protein-A to rationally manipulate the latter's binding affinity toward antibodies via nanobuffering ( i. e., this interaction is pH dependent), independently of bulk solution pH. Moreover, the nanobuffering effect could be terminated using low concentrations of strong ion-pairing salts, to achieve quantitative release of the antibodies from the bioconjugate. These complementary discoveries are showcased in the context of the development of a homogeneous affinity precipitation agent ( i. e., a scavenger) for the purification of polyclonal immunoglobulin G and two monoclonal antibodies from cell culture supernatant. Indeed, while bulk solution pH was used to induce precipitation of the scavenger, maintaining local nanoscale pH via nanobuffering maximized binding interaction with the antibodies. A 2:1 binding stoichiometry was observed, which was similar to that observed for native protein. The scavenger could be recycled multiple times, and the purification protocol circumvented lengthy/tedious physical purification processes typically associated with mAb manufacturing. Overall, this study provides perspectives on the local nanoscale pH near pH-responsive polymers and establishes lines of thought for predictably manipulating or even terminating nanobuffering, to control the activity of proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Palapuravan Anees
- EMT Research Center , Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS) , Varennes , Quebec J3X 1S2 , Canada
| | - Yi Zhao
- EMT Research Center , Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS) , Varennes , Quebec J3X 1S2 , Canada
| | - Andrea A Greschner
- EMT Research Center , Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS) , Varennes , Quebec J3X 1S2 , Canada
| | - Thomas R Congdon
- EMT Research Center , Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS) , Varennes , Quebec J3X 1S2 , Canada
| | - Hendrick W de Haan
- Faculty of Science , University of Ontario Institute of Technology , Oshawa , Ontario L1H 7K4 , Canada
| | | | - Marc A Gauthier
- EMT Research Center , Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS) , Varennes , Quebec J3X 1S2 , Canada
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Greschner AA, Ropagnol X, Kort M, Zuberi N, Perreault J, Razzari L, Ozaki T, Gauthier MA. Room-Temperature and Selective Triggering of Supramolecular DNA Assembly/Disassembly by Nonionizing Radiation. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:3456-3469. [PMID: 30707028 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b10355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Recent observations have suggested that nonionizing radiation in the microwave and terahertz (THz; far-infrared) regimes could have an effect on double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). These observations are of significance owing to the omnipresence of microwave emitters in our daily lives (e.g., food preparation, telecommunication, and wireless Internet) and the increasing prevalence of THz emitters for imaging (e.g., concealed weapon detection in airports, skin cancer screenings) and communication technologies. By examining multiple DNA nanostructures as well as two plasmid DNAs, microwaves were shown to promote the repair and assembly of DNA nanostructures and single-stranded regions of plasmid DNA, while intense THz pulses had the opposite effect (in particular, for short dsDNA). Both effects occurred at room temperature within minutes, showed a DNA length dependence, and did not affect the chemical integrity of the DNA. Intriguingly, the function of six proteins (enzymes and antibodies) was not affected by exposure to either form of radiation under the conditions examined. This particular detail was exploited to assemble a fully functional hybrid DNA-protein nanostructure in a bottom-up manner. This study therefore provides entirely new perspectives for the effects, on the molecular level, of nonionizing radiation on biomolecules. Moreover, the proposed structure-activity relationships could be exploited in the field of DNA nanotechnology, which paves the way for designing a new range of functional DNA nanomaterials that are currently inaccessible to state-of-the-art assembly protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea A Greschner
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center , Varennes , Qc J3X 1S2 , Canada
| | - Xavier Ropagnol
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center , Varennes , Qc J3X 1S2 , Canada
| | - Mohamed Kort
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center , Varennes , Qc J3X 1S2 , Canada.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) , 4 place Jussieu 75252 Paris cedex 05, France
| | - Nabilah Zuberi
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center , Varennes , Qc J3X 1S2 , Canada
| | - Jonathan Perreault
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Institut Armand Frappier , Laval , Qc H7V 1B7 , Canada
| | - Luca Razzari
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center , Varennes , Qc J3X 1S2 , Canada
| | - Tsuneyuki Ozaki
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center , Varennes , Qc J3X 1S2 , Canada
| | - Marc A Gauthier
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center , Varennes , Qc J3X 1S2 , Canada
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ambriz-Vargas F, Kolhatkar G, Broyer M, Hadj-Youssef A, Nouar R, Sarkissian A, Thomas R, Gomez-Yáñez C, Gauthier MA, Ruediger A. A Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor Process-Compatible Ferroelectric Tunnel Junction. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:13262-13268. [PMID: 28368099 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b16173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, experimental demonstration of ferroelectric tunnel junctions (FTJ) based on perovskite tunnel barriers has been reported. However, integrating these perovskite materials into conventional silicon memory technology remains challenging due to their lack of compatibility with the complementary metal oxide semiconductor process (CMOS). This communication reports the fabrication of an FTJ based on a CMOS-compatible tunnel barrier Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 (6 unit cells thick) on an equally CMOS-compatible TiN electrode. Analysis of the FTJ by grazing angle incidence X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of the noncentrosymmetric orthorhombic phase (Pbc21, ferroelectric phase). The FTJ characterization is followed by the reconstruction of the electrostatic potential profile in the as-grown TiN/Hf0.5Zr0.5O2/Pt heterostructure. A direct tunneling current model across a trapezoidal barrier was used to correlate the electronic and electrical properties of our FTJ devices. The good agreement between the experimental and theoretical model attests to the tunneling electroresistance effect (TER) in our FTJ device. A TER ratio of ∼15 was calculated for the present FTJ device at low read voltage (+0.2 V). This study suggests that Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 is a promising candidate for integration into conventional Si memory technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Ambriz-Vargas
- Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, INRS , Varennes, Québec J3X1S2, Canada
| | - Gitanjali Kolhatkar
- Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, INRS , Varennes, Québec J3X1S2, Canada
| | - Maxime Broyer
- Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, INRS , Varennes, Québec J3X1S2, Canada
| | - Azza Hadj-Youssef
- Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, INRS , Varennes, Québec J3X1S2, Canada
| | - Rafik Nouar
- Plasmionique Inc. , 9092 Rimouski, Brossard, Québec J4X2S3, Canada
| | | | - Reji Thomas
- Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, INRS , Varennes, Québec J3X1S2, Canada
| | - Carlos Gomez-Yáñez
- Departamento de Ingeniería en Metalurgia y Materiales, Instituto Politécnico Nacional , Zacatenco 07738, México
| | - Marc A Gauthier
- Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, INRS , Varennes, Québec J3X1S2, Canada
| | - Andreas Ruediger
- Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, INRS , Varennes, Québec J3X1S2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Gong Y, Andina D, Nahar S, Leroux JC, Gauthier MA. Releasable and traceless PEGylation of arginine-rich antimicrobial peptides. Chem Sci 2017; 8:4082-4086. [PMID: 30155213 PMCID: PMC6094173 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc00770a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study reports a strategy to temporarily mask arginine residues within antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) with methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG). PEGylation protects AMPs from serum proteases, and can be released at a pharmaceutically-relevant rate. Fully active and unmodified (i.e., native) AMPs are released with time.
Arginine-rich antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are emerging therapeutics of interest. However, their applicability is limited by their short circulation half-life, caused in part by their small size and digestion by blood proteases. This study reports a strategy to temporarily mask arginine residues within AMPs with methoxy poly(ethylene glycol). Based on the reagent used, release of AMPs occurred in hours to days in a completely traceless fashion. In vitro, conjugates were insensitive to serum proteases, and released native AMP with full in vitro bioactivity. This strategy is thus highly relevant and should be adaptable to the entire family of arginine-rich AMPs. It may potentially be used to improve AMP-therapies by providing a more steady concentration of AMP in the blood after a single injection, avoiding toxic effects at high AMP doses, and reducing the number of doses required over the treatment duration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Gong
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETHZ) , Zurich 8093 , Switzerland
| | - D Andina
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETHZ) , Zurich 8093 , Switzerland
| | - S Nahar
- EMT Research Center , Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS) , Varennes J3X 1S2 , Canada .
| | - J-C Leroux
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETHZ) , Zurich 8093 , Switzerland
| | - M A Gauthier
- EMT Research Center , Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS) , Varennes J3X 1S2 , Canada .
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Polomska A, Gauthier MA, Leroux JC. In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of PEGylated Layer-by-Layer Polyelectrolyte-Coated Paclitaxel Nanocrystals. Small 2017; 13:1602066. [PMID: 27748999 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201602066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Drug nanocrystals (NCs) are colloidal dispersions composed almost entirely of drug. As such, there is substantial interest in targeting them to diseased tissues, where they can locally deliver high doses of the therapeutic. However, because of their uncontrolled dissolution characteristics in vivo and uptake by the monomolecular phagocyte system, achieving tumor accumulation is challenging. To address these issues, a layer-by-layer approach is adopted to coat paclitaxel NCs with alternating layers of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes, using a PEGylated copolymer as the top layer. The coating successfully slows down dissolution in comparison to the noncoated NCs and to Abraxane (an approved paclitaxel nanoformulation), provides colloidal stability in physiologically relevant media, and has no intrinsic effect on cell viability at the concentrations tested. Nevertheless, their pharmacokinetic and biodistribution profile indicates that the NCs are rapidly cleared from the bloodstream followed by accumulation in the mononuclear phagocyte system organs (i.e., liver and spleen). This is hypothesized to be a consequence of the shedding of the PEGylated polyelectrolyte from the NCs' surface. While therapeutic efficacy was not investigated (due to poor tumor accumulation), overall, this work questions whether approaches that rely solely on electrostatic interactions for retaining coatings on the surfaces of NCs are appropriate for use in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Polomska
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETHZ), Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 1-5/10, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marc A Gauthier
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1650 boul. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Quebec, J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Jean-Christophe Leroux
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETHZ), Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 1-5/10, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
Oxygen inhibits free radical polymerization and yields polymers with uncured surfaces. This is a concern when thin layers of resin are being polymerized, or in circumstances where conventional means of eliminating inhibition are inappropriate. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that viscosity, filler content, and polymerization temperature modify oxygen diffusion in the resin or the reactivity of radical species, and affect the degree of conversion near the surface. Confocal Raman micro-spectroscopy was used to measure monomer conversion from the surface to the bulk of cured resins. Increased viscosity was shown to limit oxygen diffusion and increase conversion near the surface, without necessarily modifying the depth of inhibition. The filler material was shown to increase, simultaneously, oxygen diffusivity and the viscosity of the resin, which have opposite effects on conversion. Polymerization at a temperature above ~ 110°C was shown to eliminate oxygen inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M A Gauthier
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, POB 6128, Downtown Station, Montreal, Quebec H3C3J7, Canada
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ropagnol X, Khorasaninejad M, Raeiszadeh M, Safavi-Naeini S, Bouvier M, Côté CY, Laramée A, Reid M, Gauthier MA, Ozaki T. Intense THz Pulses with large ponderomotive potential generated from large aperture photoconductive antennas. Opt Express 2016; 24:11299-11311. [PMID: 27410061 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.011299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report the generation of free space terahertz (THz) pulses with energy up to 8.3 ± 0.2 µJ from an encapsulated interdigitated ZnSe Large Aperture Photo-Conductive Antenna (LAPCA). An aperture of 12.2 cm2 is illuminated using a 400 nm pump laser with multi-mJ energies at 10 Hz repetition rate. The calculated THz peak electric field is 331 ± 4 kV/cm with a spectrum characterized by a median frequency of 0.28 THz. Given its relatively low frequency, this THz field will accelerate charged particles efficiently having very large ponderomotive energy of 15 ± 1 eV for electrons in vacuum. The scaling of the emission is studied with respect to the dimensions of the antenna, and it is observed that the capacitance of the LAPCA leads to a severe decrease in and distortion of the biasing voltage pulse, fundamentally limiting the maximum applied bias field and consequently the maximum energy of the radiated THz pulses. In order to demonstrate the advantages of this source in the strong field regime, an open-aperture Z-scan experiment was performed on n-doped InGaAs, which showed significant absorption bleaching.
Collapse
|
29
|
Fuhrmann G, Grotzky A, Lukić R, Matoori S, Luciani P, Yu H, Zhang B, Walde P, Schlüter AD, Gauthier MA, Leroux JC. Erratum: Corrigendum: Sustained gastrointestinal activity of dendronized polymer–enzyme conjugates. Nat Chem 2016; 8:281. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
30
|
Schulz JD, Patt M, Basler S, Kries H, Hilvert D, Gauthier MA, Leroux JC. Site-Specific Polymer Conjugation Stabilizes Therapeutic Enzymes in the Gastrointestinal Tract. Adv Mater 2016; 28:1455-1460. [PMID: 26640034 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201504797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The site-specific conjugation of polymers to multiple engineered cysteine residues of a prolyl endopeptidase leads to its stabilization in the gastrointestinal tract of rats, without compromising the activity relative to the native enzyme. The importance of polymer attachment sites is investigated, as well as the significance of polymer structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica D Schulz
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich), 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Melanie Patt
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich), 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Basler
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich), 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hajo Kries
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich), 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Donald Hilvert
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich), 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marc A Gauthier
- EMT Research Center, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), J3X 1S2 Varennes, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-Christophe Leroux
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich), 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Petersen JA, Gauthier MA, Piault E, DeBusk KPA, Buzaglo JS, Eng-Wong J, Glazer JR, Green MC, Johnson JM, Spears PA, Evans CJ. Abstract P1-10-20: Importance of the patient voice in drug development: Early-stage breast cancer and measurement gaps concerning the treatment experience. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p1-10-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Most early-stage breast cancer (EBC) patients (pts) do not experience signs or symptoms of disease; approximately 90% of women diagnosed in breast screening are asymptomatic in the US (Ryerson et al. 2015). Rather, side effects of cancer therapy have the greatest impact and can be burdensome to pts on and after treatment. Bother and impact have not been thoroughly assessed from the patient perspective in trials. Qualitative research with 56 pts undergoing or completing (after 3 and within 24 mos of) systemic treatment were conducted to assess the need for EBC-focused patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures.
Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted to better understand the treatment experience; the interview guide was developed in consultation with breast cancer advocates who were former pts. The interview sample was determined to capture findings across EBC therapies (HER2-targeted [HER2], hormone/endocrine [H/E], and/or chemotherapy [CT]). Treatment experience, including treatment-related symptoms and treatment impact (e.g. on activities of daily living, emotional aspects) were discussed in each 90-minute session. Pts rated level of bother of symptoms and impacts on an 11-point scale. Disease stage, treatment received, surgery, and other health information was collected from medical charts. Qualitative analysis was conducted with ATLAS.ti software. Symptom data was reviewed to appropriately analyze therapy subgroups.
Results: Stage Ia (17.9%), Ib (14.3%), IIa (32.1%), IIb (25.0%), or IIIa (7.1%) pts that received adjuvant (75%) or neoadjuvant (25%) therapy participated; 106 unique treatment-related symptoms were reported. Symptoms most frequently reported included hair loss (86.7%), change in taste (73.3%), and tiredness/fatigue (71.1%) on CT (n=45); tiredness/fatigue (34.8%), runny nose (26.1%), and watery eyes (21.7%) on HER2 (n=23); and hot flashes (50.0%), joint pain (37.5%), and weight gain (20.1%) on H/E (n=24). The most common symptoms reported after therapy completion included memory loss (63.6%), symptoms of neuropathy (numbness, tingling, and pain in fingers, 63.6%), and tiredness/fatigue (45.5%) (n=11). CT symptoms rated by ≥ 25% of pts that were most bothersome included tiredness/fatigue (x -=8.2, n=18**), hair loss (x -=8.2, n=32**), and memory loss (x -=7.7, n=15**). HER2 and H/E ratings of bother were less frequent. EBC treatment was associated with significant impact on pts' lives; categories described are below:
Impact category Average bother rating* (n**)Concerns with treatment9.5 (2)Physical/functional7.7 (36)Work or school7.5 (37)Sleep7.5 (21)Daily tasks and activities7.4 (95)Emotional7.4 (62)Sexual behavior7.1 (22)Cognitive function6.8 (6)Social6.7 (54)Appearance6.5 (32)* Rating on 11-pt scale; 0=none to 10=extremely bothersome ** n=number of patients rating the level of bother
Conclusion: Treatment-related symptoms and associated degree of bother differed by treatment group. Pts' descriptions of treatment impact provided additional insight into the burden of EBC. EBC-specific PROs included in trials that gain pts' perspective on experience with treatment would further inform pts and may also inform therapy choice.
Citation Format: Petersen JA, Gauthier MA, Piault E, DeBusk KPA, Buzaglo JS, Eng-Wong J, Glazer JR, Green MC, Johnson JM, Spears PA, Evans CJ. Importance of the patient voice in drug development: Early-stage breast cancer and measurement gaps concerning the treatment experience. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-10-20.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- JA Petersen
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA; Endpoint Outcomes, Boston, MA; Cancer Support Community, Washington, DC; Young Survival Coalition, NY, NY; Komen Advocates in Science, St. Louis, MO; Komen Advocates in Science, Raleigh, NC
| | - MA Gauthier
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA; Endpoint Outcomes, Boston, MA; Cancer Support Community, Washington, DC; Young Survival Coalition, NY, NY; Komen Advocates in Science, St. Louis, MO; Komen Advocates in Science, Raleigh, NC
| | - E Piault
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA; Endpoint Outcomes, Boston, MA; Cancer Support Community, Washington, DC; Young Survival Coalition, NY, NY; Komen Advocates in Science, St. Louis, MO; Komen Advocates in Science, Raleigh, NC
| | - KPA DeBusk
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA; Endpoint Outcomes, Boston, MA; Cancer Support Community, Washington, DC; Young Survival Coalition, NY, NY; Komen Advocates in Science, St. Louis, MO; Komen Advocates in Science, Raleigh, NC
| | - JS Buzaglo
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA; Endpoint Outcomes, Boston, MA; Cancer Support Community, Washington, DC; Young Survival Coalition, NY, NY; Komen Advocates in Science, St. Louis, MO; Komen Advocates in Science, Raleigh, NC
| | - J Eng-Wong
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA; Endpoint Outcomes, Boston, MA; Cancer Support Community, Washington, DC; Young Survival Coalition, NY, NY; Komen Advocates in Science, St. Louis, MO; Komen Advocates in Science, Raleigh, NC
| | - JR Glazer
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA; Endpoint Outcomes, Boston, MA; Cancer Support Community, Washington, DC; Young Survival Coalition, NY, NY; Komen Advocates in Science, St. Louis, MO; Komen Advocates in Science, Raleigh, NC
| | - MC Green
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA; Endpoint Outcomes, Boston, MA; Cancer Support Community, Washington, DC; Young Survival Coalition, NY, NY; Komen Advocates in Science, St. Louis, MO; Komen Advocates in Science, Raleigh, NC
| | - JM Johnson
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA; Endpoint Outcomes, Boston, MA; Cancer Support Community, Washington, DC; Young Survival Coalition, NY, NY; Komen Advocates in Science, St. Louis, MO; Komen Advocates in Science, Raleigh, NC
| | - PA Spears
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA; Endpoint Outcomes, Boston, MA; Cancer Support Community, Washington, DC; Young Survival Coalition, NY, NY; Komen Advocates in Science, St. Louis, MO; Komen Advocates in Science, Raleigh, NC
| | - CJ Evans
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA; Endpoint Outcomes, Boston, MA; Cancer Support Community, Washington, DC; Young Survival Coalition, NY, NY; Komen Advocates in Science, St. Louis, MO; Komen Advocates in Science, Raleigh, NC
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
Nano-engineering is exploited to address the slow drug release and low drug loading of electro-responsive drug delivery systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhao
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS)
- EMT Research Centre
- Varennes
- Canada
| | - Ana C. Tavares
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS)
- EMT Research Centre
- Varennes
- Canada
| | - Marc A. Gauthier
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS)
- EMT Research Centre
- Varennes
- Canada
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Schulz JD, Gauthier MA, Leroux JC. Improving oral drug bioavailability with polycations? Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2015; 97:427-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
34
|
|
35
|
Chen Y, Yang C, Li T, Zhang M, Liu Y, Gauthier MA, Zhao Y, Wu C. The Interplay of Disulfide Bonds, α-Helicity, and Hydrophobic Interactions Leads to Ultrahigh Proteolytic Stability of Peptides. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:2347-55. [PMID: 26156023 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The contribution of noncovalent interactions to the stability of naturally occurring peptides and proteins has been generally acknowledged, though how these can be rationally manipulated to improve the proteolytic stability of synthetic peptides remains to be explored. In this study, a platform to enhance the proteolytic stability of peptides was developed by controllably dimerizing them into α-helical dimers, connected by two disulfide bonds. This platform not only directs peptides toward an α-helical conformation but permits control of the interfacial hydrophobic interactions between the peptides of the dimer. Using two model dimeric systems constructed from the N-terminal α-helix of RNase A and known inhibitors for the E3 ubiquitin ligase MDM2 (and its homologue MDMX), a deeper understanding into the interplay of disulfide bonds, α-helicity, and hydrophobic interactions on enhanced proteolytic stability was sought out. Results reveal that all three parameters play an important role on attaining ultrahigh proteolytic resistance, a concept that can be exploited for the development of future peptide therapeutics. The understanding gained through this study will enable this strategy to be tailored to new peptides because the proposed strategy displays substantial tolerance to sequence permutation. It thus appears promising for conveniently creating prodrugs composed entirely of the therapeutic peptide itself (i.e., in the form of a dimer).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Chen
- †The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoqiong Yang
- †The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Li
- †The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Zhang
- †The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- †The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Marc A Gauthier
- ‡Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center, 1650 boul. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Yibing Zhao
- †The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanliu Wu
- †The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Gong
- Swiss
Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETHZ), Department of Chemistry
and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg
1−5/10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Christophe Leroux
- Swiss
Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETHZ), Department of Chemistry
and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg
1−5/10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marc A. Gauthier
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Centre, 1650 boul. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, J3X 1S2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Brülisauer L, Gauthier MA, Leroux JC. Disulfide-containing parenteral delivery systems and their redox-biological fate. J Control Release 2014; 195:147-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
38
|
Abstract
The objective of most modern drug delivery strategies is to maximize the effectiveness of drug molecules at diseased tissue and to minimize their effects in healthy ones. This is most often achieved using (bio-)synthetic carrier systems that release the drug at the target location. One emerging strategy to achieve this is to destabilize carriers and release therapeutics using natural redox gradients in the body or associated with disease. The body, however, is composed of numerous microenvironments whose redox homeostasis, as well as its dysregulation due to disease, is complex. The original article and authoritative reviews that constitute this Forum discuss some of the particular redox features associated with diseases and present an overview of how, chemically, redox-responsive drug delivery carriers can be designed to respond to these opportunities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc A Gauthier
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), EMT Research Center , Varennes, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Brülisauer L, Valentino G, Morinaga S, Cam K, Thostrup Bukrinski J, Gauthier MA, Leroux JC. Bio-reduction of Redox-Sensitive Albumin Conjugates in FcRn-Expressing Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201404238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
40
|
Brülisauer L, Valentino G, Morinaga S, Cam K, Thostrup Bukrinski J, Gauthier MA, Leroux JC. Bio-reduction of Redox-Sensitive Albumin Conjugates in FcRn-Expressing Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:8392-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201404238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
41
|
Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Fuhrmann
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zürich), Vladimir-Prelog-Weg
1-5/10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marc A. Gauthier
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Énergie
Matériaux Télécommunication Research Center (INRS-EMT), 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Jean-Christophe Leroux
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zürich), Vladimir-Prelog-Weg
1-5/10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Fuhrmann K, Połomska A, Aeberli C, Castagner B, Gauthier MA, Leroux JC. Modular design of redox-responsive stabilizers for nanocrystals. ACS Nano 2013; 7:8243-8250. [PMID: 23968310 DOI: 10.1021/nn4037317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Many potent drugs are difficult to administer intravenously due to poor aqueous solubility. A common approach for addressing this issue is to process them into colloidal dispersions known as "nanocrystals" (NCs). However, NCs possess high-energy surfaces that must be stabilized with surfactants to prevent aggregation. An optimal surfactant should have high affinity for the nanocrystal's surface to stabilize it, but may also include a trigger mechanism that could offer the possibility of altering size distribution and uptake of the NC. This study presents a modular and systematic strategy for optimizing the affinity of polymeric stabilizers for drug nanocrystals both before and after oxidation (i.e., the selected trigger), thus allowing for the optimal responsiveness for a given application to be identified. A library of 10 redox-responsive polymer stabilizers was prepared by postpolymerization modification, using the thiol-yne reaction, of two parent block copolymers. The stabilizing potential of these polymers for paclitaxel NCs is presented as well as the influence of oxidation on size and dissolution following exposure to reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are strongly associated with chronic inflammation and cancer. Owing to the versatility of postpolymerization modification, this contribution provides general tools for preparing triggered-sheddable stabilizing coatings for nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Fuhrmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zürich), Wolfgang-Pauli-Straße 10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
|
44
|
Wu C, Wang S, Brülisauer L, Leroux JC, Gauthier MA. Broad control of disulfide stability through microenvironmental effects and analysis in complex redox environments. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:2383-8. [PMID: 23738500 DOI: 10.1021/bm400501c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Disulfide bonds stabilize the tertiary- and quaternary structure of proteins. In addition, they can be used to engineer redox-sensitive (bio)materials and drug-delivery systems. Many of these applications require control of the stability of the disulfide bond. It has recently been shown that the charged microenvironment of the disulfide can be used to alter their stability by ∼3 orders of magnitude in a predictable and finely tunable manner at acidic pH. The aim of this work is to extend these findings to physiological pH and to demonstrate the validity of this approach in complex redox milieu. Disulfide microenvironments were manipulated synergistically with steric hindrance herein to control disulfide bond stability over ∼3 orders of magnitude at neutral pH. Control of disulfide stability through microenvironmental effects could also be observed in complex redox buffers (including serum) and in the presence of cells. Such fine and predictable control of disulfide properties is not achievable using other existing approaches. These findings provide easily implementable and general tools for controlling the responsiveness of biomaterials and drug delivery systems toward various local endogenous redox environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanliu Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich (ETHZ), Wolfgang-Pauli Strasse 10, HCl J 396.4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Brülisauer L, Kathriner N, Prenrecaj M, Gauthier MA, Leroux JC. Tracking the Bioreduction of Disulfide-Containing Cationic Dendrimers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201207070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
46
|
Brülisauer L, Kathriner N, Prenrecaj M, Gauthier MA, Leroux JC. Tracking the Bioreduction of Disulfide-Containing Cationic Dendrimers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:12454-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201207070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
47
|
Wu C, Leroux JC, Gauthier MA. Twin disulfides for orthogonal disulfide pairing and the directed folding of multicyclic peptides. Nat Chem 2012; 4:1044-9. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.1487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
48
|
Dufresne MH, Marouf E, Kränzlin Y, Gauthier MA, Leroux JC. Lipase is essential for the study of in vitro release kinetics from organogels. Mol Pharm 2012; 9:1803-11. [PMID: 22510056 DOI: 10.1021/mp3001099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In vitro drug release studies remain indispensable in the development of drug delivery systems, even if correlations between in vitro and in vivo results are often imperfect. In this work, an improved in vitro analysis method for studying in situ-forming lipid-based implants was developed. More specifically, lipase was found to be an essential additive for evidencing differences in drug release kinetics from organogels of different amino acid-based organogelators, organogelator concentrations, drug loadings, and volumes. Lipases are thought to participate in the degradation of and release from amino acid-based organogel implants in vivo. Our experimental conditions allowed for the rapid and reliable screening of in vitro parameters that may be optimized to slow or accelerate drug release, once preliminary in vivo data are available.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Hélène Dufresne
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich (ETHZ), Wolfgang-Pauli Str. 10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
Many potent drugs are difficult to administer intravenously due to poor aqueous solubility. One validated approach for addressing this issue is to process them into colloidal dispersions known as "nanocrystals" (NCs). However, NCs possess high-energy surfaces that must be stabilized with surfactants to prevent aggregation. In addition, the stabilizer provides a means of anchoring targeting moieties to the NCs for achieving deposition or uptake at specified locations. Nevertheless, a critical challenge is that the surfactant (and consequently the targeting agents) can be shed upon high dilution. This work demonstrates successful cross-linking by click chemistry of stabilizers around paclitaxel NCs to form polymeric "nanocages". Cross-linking does not cause aggregation, as evidenced by transmission electron microscopy, and the nanocages retained the particulate drug through a combination of physical entrapment and physisorption. Size measurements by dynamic light scattering showed that nanocages act as sterically stabilizing barriers to particle-particle interactions and aggregation. The nanocages were shown to be less shed from the NCs than comparable non-cross-linked stabilizers. This contribution provides crucial general tools for preparing poorly sheddable stabilizing coatings to NCs and potentially other classes of nanoparticles for which covalent attachment of the stabilizer to the particle is undesirable (e.g., a drug) or impossible (chemically inert). The presented approach also offers the possibility of more stably attaching targeting moieties to the latter by use of heterotelechelic PEG derivatives, which may favor active targeting and internalization by cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Fuhrmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH), Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Wu C, Belenda C, Leroux JC, Gauthier MA. Interplay of chemical microenvironment and redox environment on thiol-disulfide exchange kinetics. Chemistry 2011; 17:10064-70. [PMID: 21780204 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201101024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The interplay between the chemical microenvironment surrounding disulfides and the redox environment of the media on thiol-disulfide exchange kinetics was examined by using a peptide platform. Exchange kinetics of up to 34 cysteine-containing peptides were measured in several redox buffers. The electrostatic attraction/repulsion between charged peptides and reducing agents such as glutathione was found to have a very pronounced effect on thiol-disulfide exchange kinetics (differences of ca. three orders of magnitude). Exchange kinetics could be directly correlated to peptide charge over the entire range examined. This study highlights the possibility of finely and predictably tuning thiol-disulfide exchange, and demonstrates the importance of considering both the local environment surrounding the disulfide and the nature of the major reducing species present in the environment for which their use is intended (e.g., in drug delivery systems, sensors, etc).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanliu Wu
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETHZ), Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Wolfgang-Pauli Str. 10, HCl J 396.4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|