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Hunt WJ, Joyce MJ. A GPS-enabled seabed sediment sampler: Recovery efficiency and efficacy. Rev Sci Instrum 2022; 93:045104. [PMID: 35489947 DOI: 10.1063/5.0077269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The design, manufacture, and commissioning of a global positioning system enabled sampler instrument conceived for the retrieval of seabed sediments are described. This system was designed for sampling in environmental assessment applications and, especially, those requirements that might include insoluble, anthropogenic radioactivity derived from the effluent from nuclear facilities. Once triggered, the sampler operates autonomously for the recovery of samples by settling in the sampling environment, and it is compatible with submersion in fresh water and also with an off-the-shelf, submersible, remotely operated vehicle. A number of tests have been carried out to determine the efficiency and efficacy of the sample recovery performed by the system and the extent to which the recovery of samples disturbs neighboring sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Hunt
- Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4YW, United Kingdom
| | - M J Joyce
- Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4YW, United Kingdom
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2
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Karas V, Rutherford RW, Herschmiller TA, Plate JF, Bolognesi MP, Joyce MJ, Wellman SS. Flash Sterilization and Component Reimplantation Is a Viable Option for Articulating Antibiotic Spacers in Periprosthetic Knee Infections. J Knee Surg 2021; 34:1092-1097. [PMID: 32131100 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1701518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The articulating antibiotic spacer is a treatment utilized for two-stage revision of an infected total knee arthroplasty. The original femoral component is retained and reused in one described variation of this technique. The purpose of this study is to determine the safety and efficacy of flash sterilization of the femoral component for reimplantation in an articulating antibiotic spacer for the treatment of chronic periprosthetic joint infection. A total of 10 patients were identified prospectively with a culture positive infected total knee arthroplasty. The patients underwent explantation, debridement, and placement of an articulating antibiotic spacer consisting of the explanted and sterilized femoral component and a new polyethylene tibial insert. The explanted tibial components were cleaned and flash-sterilized with the femoral components, but the components were then aseptically packaged and sent to our microbiology laboratory for sonication and culture of the sonicate for 14 days. Ten of 10 cleaned tibial components were negative for bacterial growth of the infecting organism after final testing and analysis. At 18-month follow-up, 9 of 10 of patients remained clear of infection. Among the 10 patients, 7 were pleased with their articulating spacer construct and had no intention of electively pursuing reimplantation. Also, 3 of 10 of patients were successfully reimplanted at a mean of 6.5 months after explantation. Autoclave sterilization and reimplantation of components may be a safe and potentially resource-sparing method of articulating spacer placement in two-stage treatment of PJI. Patient follow-up demonstrated clinical eradication of infection in 90% of cases with good patient tolerance of the antibiotic spacer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasili Karas
- Chicago Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | | | - Johannes F Plate
- Wake Forest Baptist Health, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Davie Medical Center, North Carolina
| | - Michael P Bolognesi
- Duke University Medical Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Maria J Joyce
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Duke, University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Samuel S Wellman
- Duke University Medical Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Durham, North Carolina
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3
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Licata M, Aspinall MD, Bandala M, Cave FD, Conway S, Gerta D, Parker HMO, Roberts NJ, Taylor GC, Joyce MJ. Depicting corrosion-born defects in pipelines with combined neutron/γ ray backscatter: a biomimetic approach. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1486. [PMID: 32001726 PMCID: PMC6992708 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58122-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of corrosion, cracks and defects in pipelines used for transporting oil and gas can reduce the possibility of leaks, and consequently, it can limit the extent of an environmental disaster, public hazard and the associated financial impact of such events. Typically, corrosion in oil pipelines is measured with non-destructive ultrasonic or electromagnetic techniques, on the basis that corrosion and defects are often manifest as a change of thickness in the steel from which pipelines are made. However, such approaches are not practical for underground pipelines and their deployment can be complicated for the case of pipelines covered by insulation. In this paper, we present an innovative, non-destructive testing technique, which exploits the backscatter of a combination of fast-neutron and γ radiation from steel samples of a variety of thicknesses consistent with changes that might arise due to corrosion of a pipe wall. Our research demonstrates the potential to measure and characterise different steel thicknesses by detecting both the elastic, fast-neutron backscatter and the Compton-scattered γ radiations, simultaneously. Further, we demonstrate that the presence of insulation yields a consistent and separable influence on the experimental, wall-thickness measurements. The data from experimental measurements are supported by a comprehensive Monte Carlo computer simulation study.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Licata
- Lancaster University, Engineering Department, Lancaster, UK
| | - M D Aspinall
- Lancaster University, Engineering Department, Lancaster, UK
| | - M Bandala
- Lancaster University, Engineering Department, Lancaster, UK
| | - F D Cave
- Hybrid Instruments Ltd, Lancaster, UK
| | - S Conway
- Hybrid Instruments Ltd, Lancaster, UK
| | - D Gerta
- Hybrid Instruments Ltd, Lancaster, UK
| | | | - N J Roberts
- The National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex, UK
| | - G C Taylor
- The National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex, UK
| | - M J Joyce
- Lancaster University, Engineering Department, Lancaster, UK.
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4
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Parker HMO, Beaumont JS, Joyce MJ. Passive, non-intrusive assay of depleted uranium. J Hazard Mater 2019; 364:293-299. [PMID: 30384238 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The ability to detect neutrons from the spontaneous fission of 238U in samples of depleted uranium with organic liquid scintillation detectors is presented. In this paper we introduce a small modular organic liquid scintillator detector array that can detect changes in mass of 238U between 3.69 g and 14.46 g. To do this, 18-h assays of various masses of 0.3% wt. of depleted uranium dioxide were assessed using four EJ-309 detectors, a mixed field analyser operated in pulse gradient analysis mode, and associated counting components. We observe a background-corrected fast neutron count sensitivity of (2.0 ± 0.3) × 10-4 n g-1 s-1 per detector. This research demonstrates a proof of concept for depleted uranium quantity to be assessed passively on a non-intrusive basis via its spontaneous fission decay.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M O Parker
- The Department of Engineering, Lancaster University, LA1 4YW, United Kingdom.
| | - J S Beaumont
- The Department of Engineering, Lancaster University, LA1 4YW, United Kingdom
| | - M J Joyce
- The Department of Engineering, Lancaster University, LA1 4YW, United Kingdom
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5
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Rogala AR, Schoenborn AA, Fee BE, Cantillana VA, Joyce MJ, Gharaibeh RZ, Roy S, Fodor AA, Sartor RB, Taylor GA, Gulati AS. Environmental factors regulate Paneth cell phenotype and host susceptibility to intestinal inflammation in Irgm1-deficient mice. Dis Model Mech 2018; 11:dmm.031070. [PMID: 29361512 PMCID: PMC5894938 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.031070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) represents a chronic inflammatory disorder of the intestinal tract. Several susceptibility genes have been linked to CD, though their precise role in the pathogenesis of this disorder remains unclear. Immunity-related GTPase M (IRGM) is an established risk allele in CD. We have shown previously that conventionally raised (CV) mice lacking the IRGM ortholog, Irgm1 exhibit abnormal Paneth cells (PCs) and increased susceptibility to intestinal injury. In the present study, we sought to utilize this model system to determine if environmental conditions impact these phenotypes, as is thought to be the case in human CD. To accomplish this, wild-type and Irgm1−/− mice were rederived into specific pathogen-free (SPF) and germ-free (GF) conditions. We next assessed how these differential housing environments influenced intestinal injury patterns, and epithelial cell morphology and function in wild-type and Irgm1−/− mice. Remarkably, in contrast to CV mice, SPF Irgm1−/− mice showed only a slight increase in susceptibility to dextran sodium sulfate-induced inflammation. SPF Irgm1−/− mice also displayed minimal abnormalities in PC number and morphology, and in antimicrobial peptide expression. Goblet cell numbers and epithelial proliferation were also unaffected by Irgm1 in SPF conditions. No microbial differences were observed between wild-type and Irgm1−/− mice, but gut bacterial communities differed profoundly between CV and SPF mice. Specifically, Helicobacter sequences were significantly increased in CV mice; however, inoculating SPF Irgm1−/− mice with Helicobacter hepaticus was not sufficient to transmit a pro-inflammatory phenotype. In summary, our findings suggest the impact of Irgm1-deficiency on susceptibility to intestinal inflammation and epithelial function is critically dependent on environmental influences. This work establishes the importance of Irgm1−/− mice as a model to elucidate host-environment interactions that regulate mucosal homeostasis and intestinal inflammatory responses. Defining such interactions will be essential for developing novel preventative and therapeutic strategies for human CD. Summary: In this study, we rederived conventionally raised Irgm1-deficient mice into specific pathogen-free and germ-free conditions. We show that these environments determine how Irgm1 regulates Paneth cell function and gut inflammation susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison R Rogala
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Alexi A Schoenborn
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Brian E Fee
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Viviana A Cantillana
- Departments of Medicine; Molecular Genetics and Microbiology; and Immunology; Division of Geriatrics, and Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Maria J Joyce
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Raad Z Gharaibeh
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - Sayanty Roy
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Anthony A Fodor
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.,Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - R Balfour Sartor
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Gregory A Taylor
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA.,Departments of Medicine; Molecular Genetics and Microbiology; and Immunology; Division of Geriatrics, and Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ajay S Gulati
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA .,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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6
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Jones AR, Aspinall MD, Joyce MJ. A remotely triggered fast neutron detection instrument based on a plastic organic scintillator. Rev Sci Instrum 2018; 89:023115. [PMID: 29495805 DOI: 10.1063/1.5012121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A detector system for the characterization of radiation fields of both fast neutrons and γ rays is described comprising of a gated photomultiplier tube (PMT), an EJ299-33 solid organic scintillator detector, and an external trigger circuit. The objective of this development was to conceive a means by which the PMT in such a system can be actuated remotely during the high-intensity bursts of pulsed γ-ray contamination that can arise during active interrogation procedures. The system is used to detect neutrons and γ rays using established pulse-shape discrimination (PSD) techniques. The gating circuit enables the PMT to be switched off remotely. This is compatible with use during intense radiation transients to avoid saturation and the disruption of the operation of the PMT during the burst. Data are presented in the form of pulse-height spectra and PSD scatter plots for the system triggered with a strobed light source. These confirm that the gain of the system and the throughput for both triggered and un-triggered scenarios are as expected, given the duty cycle of the stimulating radiation. This demonstrates that the triggering function does not perturb the system response of the detector.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Jones
- Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - M D Aspinall
- Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - M J Joyce
- Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
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Monk SD, Abram T, Joyce MJ. Characterisation of the TRIUMF neutron facility using a Monte Carlo simulation code. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2015; 164:228-238. [PMID: 25342608 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncu301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Here, the characterisation of the high-energy neutron field at TRIUMF (The Tri Universities Meson Facility, Vancouver, British Columbia) with Monte Carlo simulation software is described. The package used is MCNPX version 2.6.0, with the neutron fluence rate determined at three locations within the TRIUMF Thermal Neutron Facility (TNF), including the exit of the neutron channel where users of the facility can test devices that may be susceptible to the effects of this form of radiation. The facility is often used to roughly emulate the field likely to be encountered at high altitudes due to radiation of galactic origin and thus the simulated information is compared with the energy spectrum calculated to be due to neutron radiation of cosmic origin at typical aircraft altitudes. The calculated values were also compared with neutron flux measurements that were estimated using the activation of various foils by the staff of the facility, showing agreement within an order of magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Monk
- Department of Engineering, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YR, UK
| | - T Abram
- Department of Engineering, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YR, UK
| | - M J Joyce
- Department of Engineering, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YR, UK
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8
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Alagna L, Park LP, Nicholson BP, Keiger AJ, Strahilevitz J, Morris A, Wray D, Gordon D, Delahaye F, Edathodu J, Miró JM, Fernández-Hidalgo N, Nacinovich FM, Shahid R, Woods CW, Joyce MJ, Sexton DJ, Chu VH. Repeat endocarditis: analysis of risk factors based on the International Collaboration on Endocarditis - Prospective Cohort Study. Clin Microbiol Infect 2014; 20:566-75. [PMID: 24102907 DOI: 10.1111/1469-0691.12395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Revised: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Repeat episodes of infective endocarditis (IE) can occur in patients who survive an initial episode. We analysed risk factors and 1-year mortality of patients with repeat IE. We considered 1874 patients enrolled in the International Collaboration on Endocarditis - Prospective Cohort Study between January 2000 and December 2006 (ICE-PCS) who had definite native or prosthetic valve IE and 1-year follow-up. Multivariable analysis was used to determine risk factors for repeat IE and 1-year mortality. Of 1874 patients, 1783 (95.2%) had single-episode IE and 91 (4.8%) had repeat IE: 74/91 (81%) with new infection and 17/91 (19%) with presumed relapse. On bivariate analysis, repeat IE was associated with haemodialysis (p 0.002), HIV (p 0.009), injection drug use (IDU) (p < 0.001), Staphylococcus aureus IE (p 0.003), healthcare acquisition (p 0.006) and previous IE before ICE enrolment (p 0.001). On adjusted analysis, independent risk factors were haemodialysis (OR, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.2-5.3), IDU (OR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.6-5.4), previous IE (OR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.5-5.1) and living in the North American region (OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.1-3.4). Patients with repeat IE had higher 1-year mortality than those with single-episode IE (p 0.003). Repeat IE is associated with IDU, previous IE and haemodialysis. Clinicians should be aware of these risk factors in order to recognize patients who are at risk of repeat IE.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Alagna
- Department of Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele and Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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Gamage KAA, Joyce MJ, Taylor GC. A digital approach to neutron-γ imaging with a narrow tungsten collimator aperture and a fast organic liquid scintillator detector. Appl Radiat Isot 2012; 70:1223-7. [PMID: 22321491 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2012.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2011] [Revised: 11/21/2011] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
A digital neutron-γ imaging technique for mixed radiation field is described. The imaging system is based upon an organic liquid scintillator detector, a narrow tungsten collimator, fast digitiser and adjustable equatorial mount. Radioactive sources have been attached to a vertical plane and the digitiser has been used to digitise neutron and γ events. The digitised events have been discriminated using pulse gradient analysis and images have been generated of the count distribution in the source plane.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A A Gamage
- Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YR, UK.
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10
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Monk SD, Joyce MJ, Jarrah Z, King D, Oppenheim M. A portable energy-sensitive cosmic neutron detection instrument. Rev Sci Instrum 2008; 79:023301. [PMID: 18315287 DOI: 10.1063/1.2835717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The construction and testing of a portable energy-sensitive neutron instrument are described. This instrument has been designed and constructed for the primary purpose of characterizing cosmic-ray neutron fields in the upper atmosphere and in cosmic reference field facilities. The instrument comprises a helium-3 proportional counter surrounded by 15 mm of lead and 140 mm of polyethylene creating a spherical structure with a diameter of 34 cm. The instrument also incorporates 12 boron-coated diodes, six on the outside of the polyethylene layer with six placed within the structure. The dimensions, materials, and arrangement of these in the instrument have previously been optimized with the MCNPX Monte Carlo simulation software to provide a compromise between the requirements of portability and spectral response. Testing took place at several locations and experimental data from the instrument's operation at the high-altitude Jungfraujoch laboratory in the Swiss alps are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Monk
- Department of Engineering, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YR, United Kingdom
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11
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Stryjewski ME, Szczech LA, Benjamin DK, Inrig JK, Kanafani ZA, Engemann JJ, Chu VH, Joyce MJ, Reller LB, Corey GR, Fowler VG. Use of Vancomycin or First-Generation Cephalosporins for the Treatment of Hemodialysis-Dependent Patients with Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia. Clin Infect Dis 2007; 44:190-6. [PMID: 17173215 DOI: 10.1086/510386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2006] [Accepted: 09/11/2006] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because of its ease of dosing, vancomycin is commonly used to treat methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) bacteremia in patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis. Clinical outcomes resulting from such a therapeutic strategy have not been well defined. METHODS We prospectively identified patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis who received a diagnosis of MSSA bacteremia. Clinical outcomes were grouped according to the predominant antibiotic received during their therapy (vancomycin or a first-generation cephalosporin [cefazolin]). Treatment failure (defined as death or recurrent infection) was determined at 12 weeks after the initial positive blood culture results. A multivariable analysis was used to adjust for confounders. RESULTS During an 84-month period, 123 hemodialysis-dependent patients with MSSA bacteremia were identified. Patients receiving vancomycin (n=77) tended to be younger (51 vs. 57 years; P=.06) and had a lower rates of metastatic complications at presentation (11.7% vs. 36.7%; P=.001) than did those receiving cefazolin (n=46). The 2 groups were similar with regard to Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II scores, comorbidities, source of infection, type of hemodialysis access, and access removal rates. Treatment failure was more common among patients receiving vancomycin (31.2% vs. 13%; P=.02). In the multivariable analysis, factors independently associated with treatment failure included vancomycin use (odds ratio, 3.53; 95% confidence interval, 1.15-13.45) and retention of the hemodialysis access (odds ratio, 4.99; 95% confidence interval, 1.89-13.76). CONCLUSIONS Hemodialysis-dependent patients with MSSA bacteremia treated with vancomycin are at a higher risk of experiencing treatment failure than are those receiving cefazolin. In the absence of patient specific circumstances (e.g., allergy to beta-lactams), vancomycin should not be continued beyond empirical therapy for hemodialysis-dependent patients with MSSA bacteremia.
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Abstract
The design of a portable three-band cosmic-ray neutron detector is reported in this article. This instrument has been designed to characterise cosmic ray neutron fields in the upper atmosphere and in cosmic reference field facilities. The design utilises a spherical moderator with a layer of spallation material covering a central (3)He proportional counter. The instrument incorporates twelve lithium-coated diodes, six on the outside of the polyethylene layer and six placed within the structure. The dimensions, materials and arrangement of these in the instrument have been optimised with MCNPX to provide a compromise between the requirements of portability and spectral response.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Monk
- Nuclear and Biomedical Engineering Research Group, Department of Engineering, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YR, UK
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13
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Mirrett S, Joyce MJ, Reller LB. Validation of performance of plastic versus glass bottles for culturing anaerobes from blood in BacT/ALERT SN medium. J Clin Microbiol 2006; 43:6150-1. [PMID: 16333117 PMCID: PMC1317232 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.43.12.6150-6151.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To validate performance, we compared the new plastic BacT/ALERT (bioMérieux, Durham, NC) SN bottle to the current glass SN bottle with samples of blood obtained for culture from adults and found them comparable for both recovery and speed of detection of microorganisms. We conclude that the safety advantage of plastic bottles can be achieved without compromising performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley Mirrett
- Duke University Medical Center, Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, 116 CARL Bldg., Research Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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14
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Wilson DA, Joyce MJ, Hall LS, Reller LB, Roberts GD, Hall GS, Alexander BD, Procop GW. Multicenter evaluation of a Candida albicans peptide nucleic acid fluorescent in situ hybridization probe for characterization of yeast isolates from blood cultures. J Clin Microbiol 2005; 43:2909-12. [PMID: 15956416 PMCID: PMC1151928 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.43.6.2909-2912.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated aliquots from 244 clinical blood culture bottles that demonstrated yeasts on Gram stain using a Candida albicans peptide nucleic acid (PNA) fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) probe. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the C. albicans PNA FISH test in this study were 99%, 100%, 100%, and 99.3%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Wilson
- Section of Clinical Microbiology, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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15
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Abstract
The American Association of Tissue Banks (AATB) is a scientific, not-for-profit, peer-group organization founded in 1976 to facilitate the provision of transplantable tissues of uniform high quality in quantities sufficient to meet national needs. The Association was created well before there was governmental oversight of tissue banking. The organization consists of individuals involved in tissue banking, medical users, and scientists in the field. Current structure consists of a 13-member Board of Governors with specific subgroups including Musculoskeletal, Reproductive, Skin, Tissue Bank Councils and Council of Accredited Tissue Banks. A historical review shows the evolution from development of guidelines to publication of standards, and from an inspection conducted by peers to one conducted by an independent, trained professional inspector. Association growth and historical accomplishments are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Joyce
- The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Department of Orthopaedics, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44109 USA (Tel.: 216-444-4282 Fax: 216-445-1638 E-mail: )
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16
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Reith JD, Bauer TW, Joyce MJ. Paraarticular osteochondroma of the knee: report of 2 cases and review of the literature. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1997:225-32. [PMID: 9005917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Paraarticular osteochondromas are unusual osteocartilaginous tumors that arise in the soft tissue adjacent to a joint. Their pathogenesis and classification are controversial, and worrisome histologic features make the distinction from chondrosarcoma difficult on morphologic grounds alone. Two cases of paraarticular osteochondroma of the knee arising in patients 66 and 75 years of age are reported in this study. Although the exact biologic nature of these tumors is not well characterized, limited data suggest that they will behave in benign fashion, similar to soft tissue chondromas. Paraarticular osteochondromas should be recognized to avoid unnecessarily aggressive surgical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Reith
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH 44195, USA
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Abstract
With increasing use and availability of musculoskeletal soft tissue allografts, orthopaedic surgeons need current knowledge about allograft processing, costs, and availability. In conjunction with the American Association of Tissue Banks, a comprehensive survey consisting of specific questions on several topics in tissue banking was sent to 42 member banks or banks undergoing accreditation review that distribute musculoskeletal tissues. Donors came from organ procurement organizations, coroners' offices, hospital morgues, and donations; the average age of the donors was 35. Most of the 36 tissue banks responding to the questionnaire harvest patellar and Achilles tendons. Patellar tendon demand exceeded supply. Tissue processing was done by outside organizations approximately 50% of the time. Of the four types of tissue sterilization processes performed, gamma irradiation was the most common. Doses of sterilizing gamma irradiation varied from 1 to 3.5 mrad. The average approximate costs of fresh-frozen tissue were $800 for patellar tendon allograft, $615 for Achilles tendon, and $640 for menisci. There was no consensus of opinion of how to size or sterilize meniscal allografts. As demand increases for soft tissue allografts, it is essential that the orthopaedic surgeon is knowledgeable about the clinical impact of tissue banking.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Vangsness
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA
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Abstract
Dedifferentiated chondrosarcomas are primary bone tumors characterized by the presence of both low-grade cartilaginous and high-grade sarcomatous components. The high-grade component usually shows histologic features of either malignant fibrous histiocytoma or fibrosarcoma. We are aware of only 10 published cases in which the high-grade component showed rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation. To further clarify the clinical, radiographic, and pathologic features of this unusual variant, we report three additional cases of dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma with rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation. The patients included two men and one woman; their mean age was 63 years. Tumors originated in the pelvis (ilium), scapula, and tibia. Two patients presented with radiographic findings typical of dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma, including a geographic, lytic lesion with areas of mineralization suggestive of cartilage in close association with a permeative component. The third patient presented with a primarily lytic, destructive lesion of the right iliac wing. Histologically, the tumors contained lobules of well-differentiated chondrosarcoma associated with a high-grade sarcoma with prominent rhabdomyoblasts. Immunohistochemical stains for actin and desmin were positive in all three tumors, and electron microscopy revealed evidence of skeletal muscle differentiation. All three patients died with metastatic disease, 1, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. This histologic variant of dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma is rare, but it shows radiographic and clinical features similar to "conventional" dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma, including a very poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Reith
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH 44195, USA
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Waring MP, Paul ES, Beausang CW, Clark RM, Cunningham RA, Davinson T, Forbes SA, Fossan DB, Gale SJ, Gizon A, Gizon J, Hauschild K, Hibbert IM, James AN, Jones PM, Joyce MJ, LaFosse DR, Page RD, Ragnarsson I, Schnare H, Sellin PJ, Simpson J, Vaska P, Wadsworth R, Woods PJ. Intruder bands in (Z=53) 113I: Band termination interpretation. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1995; 51:2427-2438. [PMID: 9970324 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.51.2427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Henry RG, Lauritsen T, Khoo TL, Ahmad I, Carpenter MP, Crowell B, Dossing T, Janssens RV, Hannachi F, Korichi A, Schuck C, Azaiez F, Beausang CW, Beraud R, Bourgeois C, Clark RM, Deloncle I, Duprat J, Gall B, Hubel H, Joyce MJ, Kaci M, Lecoz Y, Meyer M, Paul ES, Perrin N, Poffe N, Porquet MG, Redon N, Sergolle H, Sharpey-Schafer JF, Simpson J, Smith AG, Wadsworth R, Willsau P. Spectrum of gamma rays connecting superdeformed and normal states in 192Hg. Phys Rev Lett 1994; 73:777-781. [PMID: 10057537 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.73.777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Fallon P, Beausang CW, Clarke S, Twin PJ, Beck FA, Byrski T, Curien D, Dagnall PJ, deFrance G, Duchêne G, Forsyth PD, Haas B, Joyce MJ, Macchiavelli AO, Paul ES, Sharpey-Schafer JF, Simpson J, Vivien JP, Åberg S, Nazarewicz W. Pair excitations and a proton band crossing in superdeformed 150Gd. Phys Rev Lett 1994; 73:782-785. [PMID: 10057538 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.73.782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Paul ES, Beausang CW, Forbes SA, Gale SJ, James AN, Jones PM, Joyce MJ, Andrews HR, Janzen VP, Radford DC, Ward D, Clark RM, Hauschild K, Hibbert IM, Wadsworth R, Cunningham RA, Simpson J, Davinson T, Page RD, Sellin PJ, Woods PJ, Fossan DB, LaFosse DR, Schnare H, Waring MP, Gizon A, Gizon J, Drake TE, DeGraaf J, Pilotte S. Deformed intruder band in 112Te: First evidence for rotational behavior in the tellurium isotopes. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1994; 50:698-706. [PMID: 9969709 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.50.698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Heiner
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison
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Joyce MJ, Sharpey-Schafer JF, Twin PJ, Beausang CW, Cullen DM, Riley MA, Clark RM, Dagnall PJ, Deloncle I, Duprat J, Fallon P, Forsyth PD, Fotiades N, Gale SJ, Gall B, Hannachi F, Harissopulos S, Hauschild K, Jones PM, Kalfas CA, Korichi A, Meyer M, Paul ES, Porquet MG, Redon N, Schuck C, Simpson J, Vlastou R, Wadsworth R. First measurement of magnetic properties in a superdeformed nucleus: 193Hg. Phys Rev Lett 1993; 71:2176-2179. [PMID: 10054607 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.71.2176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Georgiadis GM, Behrens FF, Joyce MJ, Earle AS, Simmons AL. Open tibial fractures with severe soft-tissue loss. Limb salvage compared with below-the-knee amputation. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1993; 75:1431-41. [PMID: 8408131 DOI: 10.2106/00004623-199310000-00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The long-term outcomes and the quality of life were studied in patients who had had an open fracture of the tibial shaft with severe soft-tissue loss. Limb salvage with a free flap was attempted in twenty-seven patients (sixteen of whom had a successful procedure and were examined personally by us), while eighteen patients were managed concurrently with an early below-the-knee amputation. Soft-tissue coverage was successful in all but one patient in whom limb salvage had been attempted. Ultimately, however, five extremities were amputated, with an infection at the site of a non-union being the most common reason for amputation. The patients who had had limb salvage had more complications (p < 0.001), more operative procedures (p < 0.001), and a longer stay in the hospital (p < 0.05) than the patients who had had an early below-the-knee amputation. The long-term functional results for sixteen patients who had had a successful limb-salvage procedure (average duration of follow-up, thirty-five months) were compared with those for eighteen patients who had had a below-the-knee amputation (average duration of follow-up, forty-four months). The patients who had had a successful limb-salvage procedure took significantly more time to achieve full weight-bearing (p < 0.05), were less willing or able to work (p < 0.01), and had higher hospital charges (p < 0.006) than the patients who had been managed with an early below-the-knee amputation. They also had a significant decrease in motion at the ankle and subtalar joint in the injured leg compared with the contralateral leg (p < 0.001). A quality-of-life evaluation was possible for only thirteen of the patients who had had a successful limb-salvage procedure and for sixteen of the patients who had had a below-the-knee amputation. The two groups were similar in terms of their responses, but significantly more patients who had had limb salvage considered themselves severely disabled (p < 0.05). They also had more problems with the performance of occupational and recreational activities (p < 0.05). This study confirmed the reliability of modern microvascular free tissue techniques for the coverage of large soft-tissue defects associated with tibial fractures. It also showed that complications and difficulties in the restoration of osseous union are common and may be directly related to the less satisfactory functional, occupational, recreational, and quality-of-life outcomes that are seen in many patients who have had limb salvage.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Georgiadis
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44109-1998
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Beausang CW, Fallon P, Clarke S, Beck FA, Byrski T, Curien D, Dagnall PJ, deFrance G, Duchêne G, Forsyth PD, Haas B, Joyce MJ, Macchiavelli AO, Paul ES, Sharpey-Schafer JF, Simpson J, Twin PJ, Vivien JP. Degenerate superdeformed states in 150Gd. Phys Rev Lett 1993; 71:1800-1803. [PMID: 10054503 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.71.1800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Abstract
Infection-associated hemophagocytic syndrome is an unusual disease with a high mortality rate. A variety of treatment modalities have been used with limited success. We report three patients with infection-associated hemophagocytic syndrome successfully treated with intravenously administered immune globulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Freeman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida Health Science Center, Jacksonville
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Paul ES, Beausang CW, Forbes SA, Gale SJ, James AN, Jones PM, Joyce MJ, Clark RM, Hauschild K, Hibbert IM, Wadsworth R, Cunningham RA, Simpson J, Davinson T, Page RD, Sellin PJ, Woods PJ, Fossan DB, LaFosse DR, Schnare H, Waring MP, Gizon A, Gizon J. Deformed intruder band in 113I. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1993; 48:R490-R493. [PMID: 9968916 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.48.r490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Benevenia J, Abdul-Karim FW, Joyce MJ, Dicke T. Imaging rounds. Multifocal adamantinoma of the tibia and fibula. Orthop Rev 1992; 21:996-1000. [PMID: 1523014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The following is a description of the clinical and roentgenographic findings in a case exhibiting a condition of interest to the orthopaedic surgeon. Initial history, physical findings, and roentgenographic examinations are found on this page. The diagnosis and discussion of this case are presented on the following pages.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Benevenia
- Department of Orthopaedics, UMD-New Jersey Medical School, Newark
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Abdul-Karim FW, el-Naggar AK, Joyce MJ, Makley JT, Carter JR. Diffuse and localized tenosynovial giant cell tumor and pigmented villonodular synovitis: a clinicopathologic and flow cytometric DNA analysis. Hum Pathol 1992; 23:729-35. [PMID: 1319390 DOI: 10.1016/0046-8177(92)90340-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The DNA content and proliferative indexes of seven cases of tenosynovial giant cell tumor of tendon sheath, diffuse type (TGCT-D); 11 cases of tenosynovial giant cell tumor of tendon sheath, localized type (TGCT-L); and seven cases of pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) were analyzed by flow cytometry in an attempt to assess objectively their biologic differences. Three cases of TGCT-D manifested an aneuploid DNA content and four had a diploid DNA pattern. All cases of TGCT-L and PVNS showed a diploid DNA content. The proliferative indexes for TGCT-D were significantly higher than those found in the other two groups. There was no histopathologic feature that correlated with the aneuploid DNA pattern found in two of the three cases of TGCT-D. Only one of the three aneuploid DNA content TGCT-D cases displayed marked cellular pleomorphism with dense fibrous stroma; in that case there was recurrence 4 years after initial excision. Our data further support that TGCT-D, TGCT-L, and PVNS are histopathologically similar but clinically distinct lesions. The high proliferative indexes of TGCT-D may reflect a rapid, uncontrolled growth that may explain its aggressive biologic behavior. The presence of an aneuploid DNA pattern in some cases of TGCT-D in this study, coupled with the reported chromosomal abnormalities and occurrence of malignant transformation in these lesions, clearly supports their neoplastic nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- F W Abdul-Karim
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
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Joyce MJ, Xu ZY, Gal M. Photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy of as-grown and chemically released In0.05Ga0.95As/GaAs quantum wells. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1991; 44:3144-3149. [PMID: 9999908 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.44.3144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Adler LP, Blair HF, Makley JT, Williams RP, Joyce MJ, Leisure G, al-Kaisi N, Miraldi F. Noninvasive grading of musculoskeletal tumors using PET. J Nucl Med 1991; 32:1508-12. [PMID: 1869970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Twenty-five patients with mass lesions involving the musculoskeletal system were studied with positron emission tomography (PET) in order to determine if a relationship exists between histologic grade and tumor uptake of [fluorine-18]2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose (FDG). There were 6 benign lesions and 19 malignant lesions of various grades. A high correlation (Rho = 0.83) was found between the normalized uptake of tracer and the NCl grade. The high-grade malignancies had significantly greater (p = 0.0091) uptake of FDG than the combination of benign lesions and low-grade malignancies. All lesions with a normalized uptake value of 1.6 or greater were high-grade, while all lesions less than 1.6 represented either benign tumors or low grade malignancies. This strong relationship between FDG uptake and grade among neoplasms from a wide variety of cell types within a single organ system suggests that the technique may be useful in predicting grade even when the cell type is unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- L P Adler
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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Dell JM, Joyce MJ, Usher BF, Yoffe GW, Kemeny PC. Unusually strong excitonic absorption in molecular-beam-epitaxy-grown, chemically lifted GaAs thin films. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1990; 42:9496-9500. [PMID: 9995187 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.42.9496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Abstract
Five patients with liposarcomas of the thigh were studied using positron emission tomography (PET) with [18F]2-deoxy-2-fluoroglucose (FDG). There were three low-grade tumors (all National Cancer Institute Grade 1 myxoid liposarcomas) and two high-grade tumors (both pleomorphic liposarcomas, Grades 2 and 3). The low-grade liposarcomas were easily identified with an average dose uptake ratio (DUR) of 1.38 +/- 0.045 (mean +/- SD). The high-grade lesions were more avid for FDG with a mean DUR of 2.45 +/- 0.24. There was a significant difference (p = 0.004) in the DUR for the two groups and the histological grade of malignancy was highly correlated with the DUR for FDG (Rho = 0.89). These findings suggest that FDG-PET may be useful for distinguishing between low-grade and high-grade liposarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- L P Adler
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, OH 44106
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Makley JT, Joyce MJ. Unicameral bone cyst (simple bone cyst). Orthop Clin North Am 1989; 20:407-15. [PMID: 2740103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A simplified treatment outline reflecting a conservative, nonoperative intervention approach for the management of simple bone cysts is presented. Included are a discussion of the etiology of these lesions and several case studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Makley
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
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Abdul-Karim FW, Carter JR, Makley JT, Morrison SC, Helper SD, Joyce MJ, Linke TF. Intramedullary osteosclerosis. A report of the clinicopathologic features of five cases. Orthopedics 1988; 11:1667-75. [PMID: 3231574 DOI: 10.3928/0147-7447-19881201-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The clinicopathologic features of five patients with intramedullary osteosclerosis are presented. The patients, ranging in age from 8 to 52 years (mean 31 years), all presented with pain referred to the lower extremity. The sclerotic lesions involved the entire lower extremity in 1 patient, mid-tibial shaft in 2, distal tibia in 1, and distal fibula in 1 patient. The histopathologic features of intramedullary osteosclerosis overlap with those of melorheostosis. The differential diagnosis also includes a spectrum of entities, each characterized by osteosclerosis and each of which is compared and contrasted to the cases presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- F W Abdul-Karim
- Department of Pathology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, OH 44106
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Joyce MJ, Johnson MJ, Gal M, Usher BF. Concentration-dependent band offset in InxGa1-xAs/GaAs strained quantum wells. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1988; 38:10978-10980. [PMID: 9945972 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.38.10978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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Lacey SH, Danish EH, Thompson GH, Joyce MJ. Ewing sarcoma of the proximal phalanx of a finger. A case report. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1987; 69:931-4. [PMID: 3597508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Abstract
The sterols 7 alpha-hydroxycholest-4-en-3-one (I) and 5 alpha-cholestane-3 alpha,7 alpha-diol (II) are competitive inhibitors for rabbit hepatic microsomal preparations of steroid 12 alpha-hydroxylase with apparent Ki values of 56 and 93 microM, respectively. To ascertain the optimum structure for a substrate with maximal enzymic activity, nine sterols or steroidal acids containing the 7 alpha-hydroxy-4-en-3-one or 3 alpha,7 alpha-dihydroxy-5 alpha configuration were prepared and studied as inhibitors with enzyme preparations in the presence of NADPH, oxygen and appropriate cofactors. Although each of these compounds exhibited competitive inhibition, the best inhibitor for sterol (I) was 7 alpha,25-dihydroxycholest-4-en-3-one (IV) (Ki 36 microM). Steroidal acids (3-oxo-7 alpha-hydroxychol-4-enoic acid and 3-oxo-7 alpha-hydroxy-4-cholene-24-carboxylic acid) were poor inhibitors (Ki 1080 and 654 microM, respectively). For sterol (II) the best inhibitors were sterol (IV) (Ki 35 microM) and 5 alpha-cholestane-3 alpha,7 alpha,25-triol (VIII) (Ki 45 microM). The 12 alpha-hydroxylated products of sterols (I) and (IV) were less tightly bound to the enzyme (Ki 88 and 98 microM, respectively) in the presence of sterol (II). Allochenodeoxycholic acid (Ki 495 microM) was not a good inhibitor for sterol (II). 12 alpha-Hydroxylated products of sterols (IV) and (VIII) were isolated from larger scale incubations, separated by HPLC and identified by mass spectrometry.
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Scott RD, Joyce MJ, Ewald FC, Thomas WH. McKeever metallic hemiarthroplasty of the knee in unicompartmental degenerative arthritis. Long-term clinical follow-up and current indications. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1985; 67:203-7. [PMID: 3968110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Forty patients with forty-four unicompartmental McKeever metallic uncemented hemiarthroplasties were followed for five to thirteen years (average, eight years). Thirty-nine knees had a medial and five, a lateral arthroplasty. The age at surgery ranged from thirty-two to eight-two years (average, sixty-seven years). At the final follow-up, 70 per cent of the knees were rated as good or excellent. Seventy-nine per cent of the knees in patients who were less than sixty-five years old at the time of surgery were in these categories. Six knees (14 per cent) had required revision to either a unicompartmental or a bicompartmental total knee replacement. The average preoperative and postoperative knee flexion did not change, but knees with initially poor motion improved. The average preoperative flexion contracture of 10 degrees improved postoperatively to 5 degrees. Complications were rare and no cases of infection, peroneal palsy, or clinically detectable phlebitis occurred. Obesity did not seem to adversely affect the outcome. This study indicated that the McKeever unicompartmental metallic hemiarthroplasty can provide an attractive alternative in the treatment of unicompartmental degenerative arthritis when proximal tibial osteotomy is contraindicated or has failed or when the patient is too young, heavy, or active to consider total knee replacement.
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Scott RD, Joyce MJ, Ewald FC, Thomas WH. McKeever metallic hemiarthroplasty of the knee in unicompartmental degenerative arthritis. Long-term clinical follow-up and current indications. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1985. [DOI: 10.2106/00004623-198567020-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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Joyce MJ, Hiremath SV, Mattammal MB, Elliott WH. Bile acids. LXXIII. Synthesis of analogs of 7 alpha-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one as substrates for hepatic steroid 12 alpha-hydroxylase. Steroids 1984; 44:95-101. [PMID: 6443166 DOI: 10.1016/s0039-128x(84)80020-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Analogs of 7 alpha-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one were prepared to ascertain structural features necessary for maximal activity of hepatic microsomal 12 alpha-steroid hydroxylase. Methyl 3 alpha,7 alpha-dihydroxy-5 beta-cholane-24-carboxylate derived from chenodeoxycholic acid was oxidized at C-3 with silver carbonate/Celite. The product was hydrolyzed and dehydrogenated with SeO2 to provide 3-oxo-7 alpha-hydroxy-4-cholene-24-carboxylic acid. 5 beta-Cholestane-3 alpha,7 alpha,25-triol and 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha,25-tetrol were similarly oxidized at C-3 and dehydrogenated to provide 7 alpha,25-dihydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one and 7 alpha,12 alpha,25-trihydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one, respectively. The products were characterized by thin-layer and gas chromatography, ultraviolet, infrared, proton resonance and mass spectrometry.
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Abstract
The third reported case of Ewing's sarcoma in siblings is presented. All reported siblings to date have been female. Because of the most unusual occurrence, clues for environmental and genetic factors in the origin of the tumors were sought. Human leukocyte antigen (HL-A) genotyping, routine chromosomal, and prophase chromosomal studies were obtained. Despite extensive study, the existence of an infectious agent, exposure to a carcinogen, or genetic abnormality could not be defined.
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Joyce MJ, Mankin HJ. Caveat arthroscopos: extra-articular lesions of bone simulating intra-articular pathology of the knee. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1983; 65:289-92. [PMID: 6826591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In the period from 1977 to 1981, eleven patients with a primary bone neoplasm and one with a bone abscess, located in the shaft or distal end of the femur or the proximal part of the tibia, were referred to the Massachusetts General Hospital Orthopaedic Oncology Unit. All had had diagnostic or therapeutic arthroscopy. For one of the patients no roentgenograms had been made prior to arthroscopy. For another, roentgenograms had been made but were not repeated prior to the arthroscopy three months later. In six patients the lesions were clearly evident on the roentgenograms; they were not reported in four patients, while in two patients the lesions were not considered to be a contraindication to arthroscopy. Two lesions were located in the femoral shaft and one was in the popliteal space, but they had not been noted by the surgeon or radiologist. In four patients the lesion arising from the bone was biopsied through the arthroscope, introducing tumor cells into the joint and theoretically causing synovial seeding of the lesion. The problems raised by this study are obvious to all orthopaedic surgeons who perform arthroscopy. Any patient who is thought to have an intra-articular lesion must first be fully evaluated by history, physical examination, and, most importantly, appropriate biplane roentgenograms prior to the performance of any procedure. If a lesion arising from the bone is encountered during an arthroscopic procedure, the lesion must be biopsied not transsynovially, but through a separate extracapsular approach.
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Engel LW, Young NA, Tralka TS, Lippman ME, O'Brien SJ, Joyce MJ. Establishment and characterization of three new continuous cell lines derived from human breast carcinomas. Cancer Res 1978; 38:3352-64. [PMID: 688225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Three continuous lines of mammary tumor cells (ZR-75-1, ZR-75-27, and ZR-75-30) have been established from malignant effusions of two women with breast cancer. Differentiated properties expressed by each cell line include: (a) epithelial morphology (by light and electron microscopy) resembling that of the parental tumors; (b) presence of receptors for estrogen and other steroid hormones; and (c) growth responsiveness to estrogen and/or progesterone. All three cell lines possess human karyotypes that differ from one another in modal chromosome number as well as in characteristic marker chromosomes. Two of the cultures (ZR-75-27 and ZR-75-30), although derived from the same patient, have stable differences in their karyotypes.
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