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Wilson TG, Harrel SK, Nunn ME. The Use of Enamel Matrix Derivative during Surgical Therapy for Peri-Implantitis: A Case Series. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 12:11. [PMID: 38248219 PMCID: PMC10814786 DOI: 10.3390/dj12010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Peri-implantitis is a growing concern and currently, there is no agreement on the best method for treating this condition. This study looked at surgical intervention with the use of enamel matrix derivative (EMD) for treating this condition. A cohort of 25 (34 implants) consecutive patients treated with EMD for peri-implantitis was followed for up to 6.4 years. The survival of the implants as well as changes in clinical parameters are reported. Statistical analysis was performed using paired t tests and general estimating equations. The mean length of time implants were followed post-surgery was 3.05 ± 1.53 years. All but two of the treated implants survived in function (94%). Both failed implants were lost in the same patient, who was a heavy smoker. The changes in mean probing depth (1.94 ± 1.18 mm), change in deepest probing depth (3.12 ± 1.45 mm), and reduction in bleeding on probing (73.6 ± 43.9%) according to patient means were all highly significant (p < 0.001 for all changes). When EMD is used during surgical treatment of peri-implantitis, there is a high survival rate of implants and significant improvements in clinical parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephen K. Harrel
- College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, 4510 Ridge Road, Dallas, TX 75229, USA
| | - Martha E. Nunn
- Private Practice Dentistry and Biostatistics, Omaha, NE 68178, USA;
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2
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Akl MA, Sim CPC, Nunn ME, Zeng LL, Hamza TA, Wee AG. Validation of Two Clinical Color Measuring Instruments for Use in Dental Research. J Dent 2022; 125:104223. [PMID: 35839964 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There are several shade matching instruments developed for clinical use, but the validity of their use in dental research has not been thoroughly investigated. The objective of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of using two clinical color measuring instruments, VitaEasyshade and Spectroshade, against a referent laboratory color measuring instrument (Spectroradiometer PR670). METHODS AND MATERIALS The validity and repeatability of the referent laboratory color measuring instrument was assessed using standard color patches with certified CIE L*a*b* values. 10% of the 240 color patches were randomly selected and measured ten times in a random order to test for repeatability. 16 metal ceramic specimens, fabricated from base metal alloy veneered with porcelain of different Vita Classic shades, were measured for L*a*b* values using the PR670, Vita EasyShade and the Spectroshade. The CIE L*a*b* values obtained from the three color measuring instruments were compared using repeated measures ANOVA and post hoc using the Bonferroni test. The color difference, CIEDE2000 (∆E00), between the gold standard (PR670) and the two color measuring instruments were also determined and compared against the known perceptible color difference. RESULTS L*a*b* values varied significantly between the three instruments. When comparing the mean ΔE00, the differences in values between PR670 and Spectroshade were not clinically significantly. However, the mean ΔE00 values between PR670 and Vita Easyshade were both clinically and statistically significant. CONCLUSION The lack of clinical significance in values obtained from the SpectroShade when compared to those obtained by the PR670 suggests that the SpectroShade may be recommended for use in dental color research. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The SpectroShade instrument and PR670 spectroradiometer provided values that lacked clinical significance, suggesting that its use may be highly beneficial for clinical shade matching as well as color research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Akl
- Department of Restorative Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Christina Poh Choo Sim
- Prosthodontic Unit, Department of Restorative Dentistry, National Dental Center Singapore, Singapore; Oral Health Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School
| | - Martha E Nunn
- Health Policy and Health Services Research, Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lucy Lu Zeng
- General Dentistry Unit, National Dental Center Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tamer A Hamza
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; Creighton University School of Dentistry, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Alvin G Wee
- Division of Prosthodontics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
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Benn DK, Cooper RL, Nunn ME, Edwards SE, Rocha-Sanchez SM. A radiographic method for distinguishing noncavitated from cavitated proximal carious lesions. A proof of concept clinical trial. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2021; 132:715-726. [PMID: 34083157 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2021.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We propose a new topical radiographic contrast method for distinguishing noncavitated from cavitated radiolucencies. Laboratory tests and a pilot clinical trial were designed to test the feasibility and efficacy of the method. STUDY DESIGN Twenty-two adults with 27 proximal radiolucencies had conventional bitewing (BW) examinations. After exclusion, 21 surfaces were evaluated. A concentrated solution of sodium iodide was placed in the interdental spaces via a microsyringe and BWs were again exposed. A class II cavity preparation was made in the adjacent tooth and polysiloxane impressions were made of the study surfaces. The impressions were scanned by visible light, creating a high resolution 3D replica. Cavitations, if present, were measured. RESULTS Nine surfaces were noncavitated and 12 surfaces were cavitated. The microsyringe dispensed a variable volume of liquid, which affected the accuracy of the test. The sensitivity for cavitation was 50%, specificity was 88.9%, and accuracy was 66.7%. This compares to a reported 60% sensitivity, 62% specificity, and 62% accuracy for BW examinations. Intraexaminer reliability for classifying noncavitated or cavitated lesions using the kappa test was 0.649. CONCLUSIONS This method needs improvement but was an advance over conventional BWs and could result in reduction of restorations in low- and high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas K Benn
- Creighton University School of Dentistry, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Ryan L Cooper
- Creighton University School of Dentistry, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Martha E Nunn
- Creighton University School of Dentistry, Omaha, NE, USA
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Lang MS, Miyamoto T, Nunn ME. Validity of fractal analysis of implants in individuals with healthy and diseased peri-implant mucosa. Clin Oral Implants Res 2020; 31:1039-1046. [PMID: 32790884 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine whether fractal analysis could discriminate the peri-implant trabecular bone between individuals with healthy peri-implant mucosa and peri-implant disease using digital periapical radiographs. MATERIAL AND METHODS The electronic health records of patients with a dental implant were reviewed to determine their eligibility. One hundred four patients (aged 27-89 years) were included and divided into three groups. Group 1) Individuals with healthy peri-implant mucosa; Group 2) Individuals with peri-implant mucositis; or Group 3) Individuals with peri-implantitis. The following clinical measurements for each dental implant were extracted: probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and the presence or absence of bleeding on probing (BOP). Digital periapical images of the implant were used to calculate the fractal dimension (FD) for each implant at two regions of interest (ROI). Summary statistics were calculated for mean PD, mean CAL, mean percent BOP, and mean FD by group. Differences among groups were tested using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Spearman nonparametric correlations were tabulated for mean PD, mean CAL, mean percent BOP, and mean FD. RESULTS The only measure that did not demonstrate significant differences among groups was FD (p = .559) with all other measures demonstrating a significant difference (p < .001). CONCLUSIONS Based on this study, FD of the peri-implant bone calculated from a periapical radiograph does not appear to be a valid method to distinguish between healthy and diseased implants, while clinical measures of PD, CAL, and BOP are useful for the diagnosis of peri-implant health, peri-implant mucositis, and peri-implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa S Lang
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA.,Private Practice, La Vista, NE, USA
| | - Takanari Miyamoto
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA.,Private Practice, La Vista, NE, USA
| | - Martha E Nunn
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA
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Graves CV, Harrel SK, Nunn ME, Gonzalez JA, Kontogiorgos ED, Kerns DG, Rossmann JA. The Association Between Occlusal Status and the Soft and Hard Tissue Conditions Around Single-Unit Dental Implants. INT J PERIODONT REST 2019; 39:651-656. [PMID: 31449574 DOI: 10.11607/prd.4184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The occlusal status of single-unit dental implants were evaluated using traditional and computerized methods. The type of occlusal contact in maximum intercuspation and the presence of occlusal contacts on the implant during eccentric movements were recorded. A digital sensor was used for computerized analysis of occlusion. Forty-four patients with 74 implants were included. Twenty-nine implants (39%) presented with "heavy" occlusal contacts, 40 implants (54.1%) presented with "light" contacts, and 5 implants (6.8%) presented with "no contact." No statistically significant association was found between the occlusal status and any of the soft and hard tissue condition variables (P > .05).
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Miyamoto T, Lang M, Khan S, Kumagai K, Nunn ME. The clinical efficacy of deproteinized bovine bone mineral with 10% collagen in conjunction with localized piezosurgical decortication enhanced orthodontics: A prospective observational study. J Periodontol 2019; 90:1106-1115. [PMID: 30924533 DOI: 10.1002/jper.18-0737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence exists on the clinical efficacy and safety of periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics (PAOO) with "Piezocision"-a minimally invasive, flapless alternative to corticotomy for alveolar bone augmentation. Allograft has been extensively studied for alveolar bone augmentation in Piezocision; however, the use of deproteinized bovine bone mineral with 10% collagen (DBBM-C) in Piezocision for PAOO has not been investigated. METHODS This study is a prospective, observational, cohort study of 19 patients of Angle Class I malocclusion with a total of 692 teeth assessed for maintenance of health of the periodontal attachment apparatus. Patient-centered pain, sensitivity, and satisfaction outcomes, digital photographs and radiographs, and changes in probing depth, clinical attachment level, width of keratinized tissue, percussion sensitivity, pulp vitality tests, radiographic pathology, and root-crown-ratio were all recorded. RESULTS Overall treatment was significantly faster (5 to 7 days between clear aligner tray changes), periodontal parameters remained stable, and alveolar bone loss was not observed. Visual analog score for healing, sensitivity/duration, bleeding/duration, swelling/duration, appearance, and inflammation, demonstrated no significant differences between DBBM-C and control (no bone graft) groups. Patient-centered outcomes revealed high levels of satisfaction with Piezocision. Piezocision-treated teeth with DBBM-C tended to exhibit less root resorption, although it was not statistically significant (P = 0.074). CONCLUSIONS Within the limits of the study, our results show that the use of DBBM-C with piezosurgically enhanced orthodontics is effective and safe. This study was not designed to demonstrate equivalence with other materials that might be used in Piezocision. To understand whether there is an advantage to using DBBM-C, additional studies may be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanari Miyamoto
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Creighton University, Omaha, NE
| | - Melissa Lang
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Creighton University, Omaha, NE
| | - Shakeel Khan
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Creighton University, Omaha, NE
| | - Kota Kumagai
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Creighton University, Omaha, NE
| | - Martha E Nunn
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Creighton University, Omaha, NE
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Cerutis DR, Weston MD, Nunn ME, Williams DE, Ogunleye AO, Miyamoto T. Lysophosphatidic Acid Regulates the Vitamin D Receptor and its Metabolism‐Related Genes in Human Gingival Fibroblasts. FASEB J 2018. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.lb562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Harrel SK, Abraham CM, Rivera-Hidalgo F, Shulman JD, Nunn ME. Videoscope-Assisted Minimally Invasive Periodontal Surgery: One-Year Outcome and Patient Morbidity. INT J PERIODONT REST 2017; 36:363-71. [PMID: 27100806 DOI: 10.11607/prd.2759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to report the 1-year clinical outcomes from videoscope-assisted minimally invasive surgery (V-MIS). A sample of 18 patients having sites with residual pocket probing depth (PPD) of at least 5 mm and 2 mm loss in clinical attachment level (CAL) following initial nonsurgical therapy were treated with V-MIS. At 12 months postsurgery, there was a statistically significant improvement (P < .001) in mean PPD (4.11 ± 0.98 mm) and CAL (4.58 ± 1.19 mm) in all surgical sites. A mean improvement in soft tissue height (0.48 ± 0.65 mm, P = .006) was also observed. In most cases, patients reported no postoperative discomfort. The improvements associated with V-MIS appear to be favorable when compared with previously reported results of periodontal regenerative surgery. The lack of postsurgical recession following V-MIS has not been reported with traditional regenerative surgery.
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9
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Brandão TB, Vechiato Filho AJ, de Souza Batista VE, Prado Ribeiro AC, Filho HN, Chilvarquer I, Nunn ME, Santos-Silva AR, Barão VAR, Wee AG. Assessment of treatment outcomes for facial prostheses in patients with craniofacial defects: A pilot retrospective study. J Prosthet Dent 2017; 118:235-241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2016.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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10
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Lang MS, Cerutis DR, Miyamoto T, Nunn ME. Cell Attachment Following Instrumentation with Titanium and Plastic Instruments, Diode Laser, and Titanium Brush on Titanium, Titanium-Zirconium, and Zirconia Surfaces. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2017; 31:799-806. [PMID: 27447145 DOI: 10.11607/jomi.4440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the surface characteristics and gingival fibroblast adhesion of disks composed of implant and abutment materials following brief and repeated instrumentation with instruments commonly used in procedures for implant maintenance, stage-two implant surgery, and periimplantitis treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred twenty disks (40 titanium, 40 titaniumzirconium, 40 zirconia) were grouped into treatment categories of instrumentation by plastic curette, titanium curette, diode microlaser, rotary titanium brush, and no treatment. Twenty strokes were applied to half of the disks in the plastic and titanium curette treatment categories, while half of the disks received 100 strokes each to simulate implant maintenance occurring on a repetitive basis. Following analysis of the disks by optical laser profilometry, disks were cultured with human gingival fibroblasts. Cell counts were conducted from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. RESULTS Differences in surface roughness across all instruments tested for zirconia disks were negligible, while both titanium disks and titaniumzirconium disks showed large differences in surface roughness across the spectrum of instruments tested. The rotary titanium brush and the titanium curette yielded the greatest overall mean surface roughness, while the plastic curette yielded the lowest mean surface roughness. The greatest mean cell counts for each disk type were as follows: titanium disks with plastic curettes, titanium-zirconium disks with titanium curettes, and zirconia disks with the diode microlaser. CONCLUSION Repeated instrumentation did not result in cumulative changes in surface roughness of implant materials made of titanium, titanium-zirconium, or zirconia. Instrumentation with plastic implant curettes on titanium and zirconia surfaces appeared to be more favorable than titanium implant curettes in terms of gingival fibroblast attachment on these surfaces.
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Harrel SK, Nunn ME, Abraham CM, Rivera-Hidalgo F, Shulman JD, Tunnell JC. Videoscope Assisted Minimally Invasive Surgery (VMIS): 36-Month Results. J Periodontol 2017; 88:528-535. [PMID: 28183218 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2017.160705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical outcomes from videoscope assisted minimally invasive surgery (VMIS) at 36 to 58 months are reported. METHODS Fourteen patients having sites with residual probing depth (PD) of at least 5 mm and 2 mm loss of clinical attachment level (CAL) after initial non-surgical therapy were treated with VMIS. RESULTS At 36 months or greater post-surgery there was a statistically significant improvement (P <0.001) in mean PD and CAL (PD: 3.80 ± 1.18 mm, CAL: 4.16 ± 1.18 mm) in all surgical sites compared with baseline. There was a mean improvement in soft tissue height (0.36 ± 0.64 mm, P = 0.03). In most cases, patients reported no postoperative discomfort. CONCLUSIONS Improvements from VMIS appear to be favorable when compared with previously reported results of periodontal regenerative surgery. All improvements were stable over time. The lack of post-surgical recession after VMIS has not been reported with traditional regenerative surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen K Harrel
- Department of Periodontology, Baylor College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX
| | - Martha E Nunn
- Department of Periodontology, Creighton University, Omaha, NE
| | - Celeste M Abraham
- Department of Periodontology, Baylor College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX
| | | | - Jay D Shulman
- Department of Periodontology, Baylor College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX
| | - John C Tunnell
- Department of Periodontology, Baylor College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX
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Wee AG, Zimmerman LM, Anderson JR, Nunn ME, Loberiza FR, Sitorius MA, Pullen CH. Promoting oral cancer examinations to medical primary care providers: a cluster randomized trial. J Public Health Dent 2016; 76:340-349. [PMID: 27118042 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the percentage of patients who had an oral cancer examination (OCE) by their primary care provider (PCP) in medical clinics participating in a web-based education with poster reminder intervention to that of patients in control clinics. To also determine the effects for PCPs in medical clinics participating in the web-based education with poster reminder intervention as compared with those in control clinics regarding: a) index of knowledge of oral cancer risk factors (RiskOC) and b) index of knowledge of oral cancer diagnostic procedures (DiagOC). METHODS Six medical clinics were recruited to participate in this study and randomly assigned to an intervention group or a control group. PCPs (physicians, physician assistants, and advanced practice registered nurses) took a pretest; 2 weeks later, they participated in the web-based educational program, including a posttest (intervention group) or took a posttest only (control group). In each clinic, 1 week following completion of the PCPs' posttests, 94 patients were recruited to complete a one-page survey. RESULTS The intervention clinics were found to be a significant factor for the PCPs to perform patient OCEs, after controlling for significant covariates, that is, age, main reason for clinic visit, OCE for patient in the past year, clinic's mean DiagOC score, and clinic's mean RiskOC score. The intervention also resulted in the PCPs increasing their pretest to posttest RiskOC scores. CONCLUSIONS The use of intervention has the potential to increase PCPs' short-term knowledge and to increase the frequency of PCPs' routine, nonsymptomatic opportunistic OCE on patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvin G Wee
- Dental Service, VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System and Department of Prosthodontics, Creighton University School of Dentistry, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Lani M Zimmerman
- Lincoln Division, College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - James R Anderson
- Frontier Science and Technology Research Foundation, Inc., Madison, WI, USA
| | - Martha E Nunn
- Department of Periodontics, Creighton University School of Dentistry, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Fausto R Loberiza
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Michael A Sitorius
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Carol H Pullen
- Department of Community-Based Health, College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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13
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Nunn ME, Carney WG, McNally SJ. The Miller-McEntire Score for Molars Provides an Evidence-based Approach to Assigning Periodontal Prognosis for Molar Teeth. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2015; 15:73-6. [PMID: 25987389 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2015.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martha E Nunn
- Director, Center for Oral Health Research, Associate Professor, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Creighton University, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178, USA.
| | - William G Carney
- Assistant Professor, Department of Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA.
| | - Stuart J McNally
- Assistant Professor, Department of General Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA.
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Cerutis DR, Weston MD, Alnouti Y, Bathena SP, Nunn ME, Ogunleye AO, McVaney TP, Headen KV, Miyamoto T. A Major Human Oral Lysophosphatidic Acid Species, LPA 18:1, Regulates Novel Genes in Human Gingival Fibroblasts. J Periodontol 2015; 86:713-25. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2015.140592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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15
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Harrel SK, Abraham CM, Rivera-Hidalgo F, Shulman JD, Nunn ME. Videoscope-assisted minimally invasive periodontal surgery (V-MIS). J Clin Periodontol 2014; 41:900-7. [PMID: 25039580 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM Small incision surgery has become routine in many areas of medicine but has not been widely accepted in periodontal therapy. A videoscope to assist minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has been developed. The clinical outcomes from MIS performed using this videoscope (V-MIS) are reported. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients were evaluated for residual defects following non-surgical therapy consisting of root planing with local anaesthetic. Thirty patients having 110 sites with residual pocket probing depth (PPD) of at least 5 mm, 2 mm loss of clinical attachment level (CAL), and radiographic evidence of bone loss were surgically treated. V-MIS was performed utilizing the videoscope for surgical visualization. RESULTS At re-evaluation 6 months post surgery, there was a statistically significant improvement (p < .001) in mean PPD and CAL (PPD 3.88 ± 1.02 mm, CAL 4.04 ± 1.38 mm) in 1, 2, and 3 wall defects. All PPD at re-evaluation were 3 mm or less. There was a mean post-surgical increase in soft tissue height (0.13 ± 0.61 mm, p = 0.168) with a decrease in recession. CONCLUSIONS The improvement in PPD and CAL from V-MIS, in the authors' opinion, appears to be favourable when compared to previously reported results of periodontal regenerative surgery. The lack of post-surgical recession following V-MIS has not been reported with traditional regenerative surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen K Harrel
- Texas A&M University, Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
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16
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Levine RA, Fan J, Su X, Nunn ME. Bayesian survival trees for clustered observations, applied to tooth prognosis. Stat Anal Data Min 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/sam.11215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard A. Levine
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics; San Diego State University; San Diego CA 92182 USA
| | - Juanjuan Fan
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics; San Diego State University; San Diego CA 92182 USA
| | - Xiaogang Su
- Department of Mathematical Sciences; University of Texas at El Paso; El Paso TX 79968 USA
| | - Martha E. Nunn
- School of Dentistry; Creighton University; Omaha NE 68178 USA
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17
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Nunn ME, Fish MD, Garcia RI, Kaye EK, Figueroa R, Gohel A, Ito M, Lee HJ, Williams DE, Miyamoto T. Response to letter to the editor, "Retained asymptomatic third molars and risk for second molar pathology". J Dent Res 2014; 93:320-1. [PMID: 24554649 DOI: 10.1177/0022034513520327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M E Nunn
- Creighton University School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Omaha, NE, USA
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Nunn ME, Miyamoto T. Coronally Advanced Flaps (CAF) Plus Connective Tissue Graft (CTG) Is the Gold Standard for Treatment of Miller Class I and II Gingival Defects. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2013; 13:157-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2013.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Nunn ME, Fish MD, Garcia RI, Kaye EK, Figueroa R, Gohel A, Ito M, Lee HJ, Williams DE, Miyamoto T. Retained asymptomatic third molars and risk for second molar pathology. J Dent Res 2013; 92:1095-9. [PMID: 24132082 DOI: 10.1177/0022034513509281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Prophylactic extraction of unerupted asymptomatic third molars is the most common oral surgery procedure in the United States. However, limited evidence exists to justify its costs and associated morbidity. We analyzed data collected over 25 years from 416 adult men enrolled in the Veterans Affairs Dental Longitudinal Study to evaluate the association of retained asymptomatic third molars with risk of adjacent second molar pathology (caries and/or periodontitis), based on third molar status (i.e., absent, erupted, or unerupted). Unerupted molars were further categorized as either "soft tissue" or "bony" impacted. We found that the lowest prevalence and incidence of second molar pathology occurred when the adjacent third molar was absent. The presence of a third molar that was soft tissue impacted increased the risk of incident second molar pathology 4.88-fold (95% confidence interval: 2.62, 9.08). Having an erupted or "bony" impacted third molar increased the risk of incident second molar pathology by 1.74 (95% confidence interval: 1.34, 2.25) and 2.16 (95% confidence interval: 1.56, 2.99), respectively. The retention of third molars is associated with increased risk of second molar pathology in middle-aged and older adult men.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Nunn
- Creighton University School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Omaha, NE, USA
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Lin CS, Brown LS, Kimokoti RW, Nunn ME, Millen BE. Authors' Response. J Acad Nutr Diet 2013; 113:768-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2013.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Cerutis DR, Weston MD, Nunn ME, Ogunleye AO, McVaney TP, Headen KV, Miyamoto T. Lysophosphatidic acid regulates SPHK1 and GPR68/OGR1 in human gingival fibroblasts. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.lb569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Lin CS, Kimokoti RW, Brown LS, Kaye EA, Nunn ME, Millen BE. Methodology for adding glycemic index to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey nutrient database. J Acad Nutr Diet 2013; 112:1843-51. [PMID: 23102184 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2012.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Generating valid estimates of dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) has been a challenge in nutritional epidemiology. The methodologic issues may have contributed to the wide variation of GI/GL associations with health outcomes observed in existing literature. We describe a standardized methodology for assigning GI values to items in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) nutrient database using the new International Tables to develop research-driven, systematic procedures and strategies to estimate dietary GI/GL exposures of a nationally representative population sample. Nutrient databases for NHANES 2003-2006 contain information on 3,155 unique foods derived from the US Department of Agriculture National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference versions 18 and 20. Assignment of GI values were made to a subset of 2,078 carbohydrate-containing foods using systematic food item matching procedures applied to 2008 international GI tables and online data sources. Matching protocols indicated that 45.4% of foods had identical matches with existing data sources, 31.9% had similar matches, 2.5% derived GI values calculated with the formula for combination foods, 13.6% were assigned a default GI value based on low carbohydrate content, and 6.7% of GI values were based on data extrapolation. Most GI values were derived from international sources; 36.1% were from North American product information. To confirm data assignments, dietary GI and GL intakes of the NHANES 2003-2006 adult participants were estimated from two 24-hour recalls and compared with published studies. Among the 3,689 men and 4,112 women studied, mean dietary GI was 56.2 (men 56.9, women 55.5), mean dietary GL was 138.1 (men 162.1, women 116.4); the distribution of dietary GI was approximately normal. Estimates of population GI and GL compare favorably with other published literature. This methodology of adding GI values to an existing population nutrient database utilized systematic matching protocols and the latest comprehensive data sources on food composition. The database can be applied in clinical and survey research settings where there is interest in estimating individual and population dietary exposures and relating them to health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chii-Shy Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Nunn ME, Fan J, Su X, Levine RA, Lee HJ, McGuire MK. Development of prognostic indicators using classification and regression trees for survival. Periodontol 2000 2012; 58:134-42. [PMID: 22133372 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0757.2011.00421.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Schwartz N, Kaye EK, Nunn ME, Spiro A, Garcia RI. High-Fiber Foods Reduce Periodontal Disease Progression in Men Aged 65 and Older: The Veterans Affairs Normative Aging Study/Dental Longitudinal Study. J Am Geriatr Soc 2012; 60:676-83. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03866.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Schwartz
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology; University of Connecticut; Storrs; Connecticut
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Sheets JL, Wilcox CW, Barkmeier WW, Nunn ME. The effect of phosphoric acid pre-etching and thermocycling on self-etching adhesive enamel bonding. J Prosthet Dent 2012; 107:102-8. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3913(12)60033-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Bathena SP, Huang J, Nunn ME, Miyamoto T, Parrish LC, Lang MS, McVaney TP, Toews ML, Cerutis DR, Alnouti Y. Quantitative determination of lysophosphatidic acids (LPAs) in human saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) by LC-MS/MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2011; 56:402-7. [PMID: 21703797 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2011.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2011] [Revised: 05/16/2011] [Accepted: 05/27/2011] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a phospholipid mediator that plays multiple cellular functions by acting through G protein-coupled LPA receptors. LPAs are known to be key mediators in inflammation, and several lines of evidence suggest a role for LPAs in inflammatory periodontal diseases. A simple and sensitive liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method has been developed and validated to quantify LPA species (LPA 18:0, LPA 16:0, LPA 18:1 and LPA 20:4) in human saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). LPA 17:0 was used as an internal standard and the LPA species were extracted from saliva by liquid-liquid extraction using butanol. Chromatography was performed using a Macherey-Nagel NUCLEODUR® C8 Gravity Column (125 mm × 2.0 mm ID) with a mixture of methanol/water: 75/25 (v/v) containing 0.5% formic acid and 5 mM ammonium formate (mobile phase A) and methanol/water: 99/0.5 (v/v) containing 0.5% formic acid and 5mM ammonium formate (mobile phase B) at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. LPAs were detected by a linear ion trap-triple quadrupole mass spectrometer with a total run time of 8.5 min. The limit of quantification (LOQ) in saliva was 1 ng/mL for all LPA species and the method was validated over the range of 1-200 ng/mL. The method was validated in GCF over the ranges of 10-500 ng/mL for LPA 18:0 and LPA 16:0, and 5-500 ng/mL for LPA 18:1 and LPA 20:4. This sensitive LC-MS/MS assay was successfully applied to obtain quantitative data of individual LPA levels from control subjects and patients with various periodontal diseases. All four LPA species were consistently elevated in samples obtained from periodontal diseases, which supports a role of LPAs in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Bathena
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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Miyamoto T, Kumagai T, Lang MS, Nunn ME. Compliance as a prognostic indicator. II. Impact of patient's compliance to the individual tooth survival. J Periodontol 2010; 81:1280-8. [PMID: 20397906 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2010.100039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Existing evidence concerning the validity of an appropriate regular periodontal maintenance (PM) regimen and the role of patient compliance is controversial and inconsistent. The objectives of this study are to identify the impact of patient compliance (complete versus erratic) on alveolar bone loss and tooth survival. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted using data from 295 patients with >or=20 years of observation, which included treatment and >or=15 years of maintenance therapy, in a private practice in Yamagata, Japan. Subject-level variables and tooth-level variables were recorded at the initial visit, the reevaluation visit, and the final visit. In total, 7,502 teeth in 295 subjects met inclusion criteria and were divided into two groups: non-molar teeth (n = 5,585) and molar teeth (n = 1,917). A tooth-level multivariate survival model and multiple logistic regression model using the method of generalized estimating equations were constructed to analyze the effects of compliance and periodontal maintenance intervals on tooth loss and alveolar bone loss, respectively. RESULTS Of 7,502 teeth, 284 molar teeth and 364 non-molar teeth were lost. Molar teeth had an approximately 30% reduction in risk of tooth loss for complete compliance, with 2-year compliance classification achieving statistical significance (P = 0.033), and 30% compliance classification approaching statistical significance (P = 0.072). Complete compliers under 30% compliance classification showed over 50% reduction in the risk of alveolar bone loss among non-molars (P = 0.015). CONCLUSION Complete patient compliance with increased frequency of periodontal maintenance is important for improved dental prognosis through reduction of tooth loss among molars and minimization of alveolar bone loss among non-molars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanari Miyamoto
- Department of Periodontics, Creighton University School of Dentistry, Omaha, NE 68178, USA.
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Johansson I, Holgerson PL, Kressin NR, Nunn ME, Tanner AC. Snacking habits and caries in young children. Caries Res 2010; 44:421-30. [PMID: 20720422 DOI: 10.1159/000318569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2009] [Accepted: 06/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental caries is caused by a combination of infection and diet. This disease, if left untreated, may lead to pain, and impair the quality of life, nutritional status and development of young children. The objective was to investigate the association between snacking and caries in a population at high risk of dental caries. American preschool children (n = 1,206) were recruited in the offices of paediatricians. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, oral hygiene, breast-feeding, use of bottle and snacking were collected by questionnaire. Plaque presence, the number of teeth and their caries status (deft) were scored. The children sampled were 61% Black, 27% White and 10% Asian. Of the 1- to 2-, 2- to 3- and 3- to 4-year-old children, 93.8, 82.4 and 77.3% were caries free, and their mean caries scores were 0.16, 0.58 and 0.93, respectively. Multivariate partial least squares (PLS) modelling revealed plaque presence, lowest income, descriptors for tooth exposure time (number of teeth and age) and cariogenic challenge (total intake of sugar-containing snacks and chips/crisps, and chips intake with a sugar-containing drink) to be associated with more caries. These differences were also found in univariate analyses; in addition, children who continued breast-feeding after falling asleep had significantly higher deft values than those who did not. PLS modelling revealed that eating chips clustered with eating many sweet snacks, candies, popcorn and ice cream. We conclude that, in addition to the traditional risk indicators for caries - presence of plaque, sugar intake and socioeconomic status -, consumption of chips was associated with caries in young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Johansson
- Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
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Soncini JA, Kanasi E, Lu SC, Nunn ME, Henshaw MM, Tanner ACR. Oral microbiota of children in a school-based dental clinic. Anaerobe 2010; 16:278-82. [PMID: 19879369 PMCID: PMC2881591 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2009.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2009] [Revised: 10/20/2009] [Accepted: 10/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dental caries disproportionately affects disadvantaged subjects. This study hypothesized that there were greater caries extent and higher levels of caries-associated and anaerobic subgingival bacterial species in oral samples of Hispanic and immigrant children compared with non-Hispanic and US born children. METHODS Children from a school-based dental clinic serving a community with a large Hispanic component were examined, and the extent of caries was recorded. Microbial samples were taken from teeth and the tongues of children. Samples were analyzed using DNA probes to 18 oral bacterial species. RESULTS Seventy five children were examined. Extent of caries increased with child age in immigrant, but not in US born or Hispanic children. There were no differences in the microbiota based on ethnicity or whether the child was born in US or not. There was a higher species detection frequency from teeth than tongue samples. Levels of Streptococcus mutans and other Streptococcus spp increased with caries extent. Prevotella intermedia, Tannerella forsythia and Selenomonas spp were detected at low levels in these children. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that, while there was a high rate of dental caries in disadvantaged school children, there were no differences in the caries-associated microbiota, including S. mutans, based on ethnicity or immigration status. Furthermore, while anaerobic subgingival, periodontal pathogens were also detected in children, there was no difference in species detection based on ethnicity or immigration status. Increased levels of streptococci, including S. mutans, however, were detected with high caries levels. This suggested that while it is beneficial to target preventive and treatment programs to disadvantaged populations, there is likely no additional benefit to focus on subgroups within a population already at high risk for dental disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Soncini
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry Boston University, Boston, MA
- The Clinical Collaborative, The Forsyth Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Eleni Kanasi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Forsyth Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Shulin C. Lu
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Forsyth Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Martha E. Nunn
- Department of Dental Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA
| | | | - Anne CR Tanner
- The Clinical Collaborative, The Forsyth Institute, Boston, MA
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Forsyth Institute, Boston, MA
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine
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Harrel SK, Wilson TG, Nunn ME. Prospective Assessment of the Use of Enamel Matrix Derivative With Minimally Invasive Surgery: 6-Year Results. J Periodontol 2010; 81:435-41. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2009.090393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Kanasi E, Johansson I, Lu SC, Kressin NR, Nunn ME, Kent R, Tanner ACR. Microbial risk markers for childhood caries in pediatricians' offices. J Dent Res 2010; 89:378-83. [PMID: 20164496 DOI: 10.1177/0022034509360010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental caries in pre-school children has significant public health and health disparity implications. To determine microbial risk markers for this infection, this study aimed to compare the microbiota of children with early childhood caries with that of caries-free children. Plaque samples from incisors, molars, and the tongue from 195 children attending pediatricians' offices were assayed by 74 DNA probes and by PCR to Streptococcus mutans. Caries-associated factors included visible plaque, child age, race, and snacking habits. Species were detected more frequently from tooth than tongue samples. Lactobacillus gasseri (p < 0.01), Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus vaginalis, and S. mutans with Streptococcus sobrinus (all p < 0.05) were positively associated with caries. By multifactorial analysis, the probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus was negatively associated with caries. Prevotella nigrescens was the only species (p < 0.05) significantly associated with caries by the 'false discovery' rate. Analysis of the data suggests that selected Lactobacillus species, in addition to mutans streptococci, are risk markers for early childhood caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kanasi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Forsyth Institute, 140 The Fenway, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Nunn ME, Dietrich T, Singh HK, Henshaw MM, Kressin NR. Prevalence of early childhood caries among very young urban Boston children compared with US children. J Public Health Dent 2010; 69:156-62. [PMID: 19192100 DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-7325.2008.00116.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to compare prevalence of early childhood caries (ECC) in 1- to 3-year-old children seeing primary-care pediatricians at two urban medical centers in Boston to the prevalence of ECC in similarly aged US children surveyed as part of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) and to assess risk factors for ECC among this cohort of children compared with risk factors among similarly aged US children. METHODS Characteristics of 787 1- to 3-year-old children from two urban Boston medical centers were compared with those of 3,644 similarly aged US children surveyed as part of NHANES III. Demographic and social characteristics and ECC prevalence by putative risk factors were compared. A multiple logistic regression model was fit to assess putative risk factors and difference between groups simultaneously. RESULTS Race, age, previous dental visit, parents' education, and household income were significantly associated with ECC prevalence. Parents' place of birth was a significant effect modifier with lower ECC among Boston children of immigrants than among US children of immigrants. CONCLUSIONS Lower ECC prevalence among urban Boston children of immigrant parents compared with US children of immigrant parents may reflect changing immigrant composition in the United States since NHANES III or a different immigrant composition in the Boston area compared with the United States. This finding reinforces the need for further research of immigrants in order to understand cultural practices that may affect oral health. Finally, low ECC prevalence among very young children reinforces the importance of early intervention in reducing ECC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha E Nunn
- Boston University School of Dental Medicine, Department of Health Policy and Health Services Research, 715 Albany, 560, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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Nunn ME. Essential Dental Treatment (EDT) in Pregnant Women during the Second Trimester Is Not Associated with an Increased Risk of Serious Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes or Medical Events. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2009; 9:91-2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2009.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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McGuire MK, Scheyer ET, Nunn ME, Lavin PT. Letter to the Editor: Authors' Response. J Periodontol 2009. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2009.090060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Nunn ME, Braunstein NS, Krall Kaye EA, Dietrich T, Garcia RI, Henshaw MM. Healthy eating index is a predictor of early childhood caries. J Dent Res 2009; 88:361-6. [PMID: 19407158 PMCID: PMC2774803 DOI: 10.1177/0022034509334043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2008] [Revised: 09/03/2008] [Accepted: 12/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Early childhood caries (ECC) is a preventable form of dental caries that affects very young children, particularly among low-income families and certain racial/ethnic minorities. The current study examined the relationship of dietary quality, as measured by the Healthy Eating Index (HEI), to the prevalence of ECC in 2- to 5-year-old children. Data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) were used for the study. We used logistic regression to compute adjusted odds ratios (OR) for ECC and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Children with the best dietary practices (uppermost tertile of the HEI) were 44% less likely to exhibit severe ECC compared with children with the worst dietary practices (lowest tertile of the HEI). A healthy eating pattern geared for promotion of optimal child development and prevention of chronic disease in later life may also reduce the risk of early childhood caries, particularly severe early childhood caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Nunn
- Department of Health Policy and Health Services Research, Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, 715 Albany, 560, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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McGuire MK, Scheyer ET, Nunn ME, Lavin PT. A pilot study to evaluate a tissue-engineered bilayered cell therapy as an alternative to tissue from the palate. J Periodontol 2009; 79:1847-56. [PMID: 18834238 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2008.080017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study evaluated the safety and effectiveness of a tissue-engineered skin product composed of viable neonatal keratinocytes and fibroblasts and compared it to a free gingival graft (FGG) in a procedure to enhance keratinized tissue (KT) and wound healing around teeth that do not require root coverage. METHODS Twenty-five subjects were enrolled who had at least two non-adjacent teeth in contralateral quadrants exhibiting an insufficient zone of attached gingiva requiring soft tissue grafting where root coverage was not desired. One tooth was randomized to receive an FGG, and the other was randomized to receive bilayered cell therapy (BCT). The amount of KT was measured at baseline and 3 and 6 months, and the texture and color of the grafted tissue were compared to the surrounding tissue at months 1, 3, and 6. A questionnaire was used to determine subject preference at 6 months. Biopsies and persistence studies were performed on a subset of the subjects. RESULTS The FGG generated statistically significantly (P <0.001) more KT than the test device (BCT) (4.5 +/- 0.80 mm versus 2.4 +/- 1.02 mm); no significant difference in recession or clinical attachment level was detected between treatment groups (P = 0.212 and P = 0.448, respectively); and no significant differences were detected at any time point for bleeding on probing (BOP), resistance to muscle pull, or inflammation. The BCT group had significantly better color and texture match with surrounding tissue (P <0.001), and subject preference was significantly greater for the BCT group (P = 0.041). No device-related adverse events or safety issues occurred during the course of the study. CONCLUSIONS The tissue-engineered graft BCT was safe and capable of generating de novo KT without the morbidity and potential clinical difficulties associated with donor-site surgery. The amount of KT generated with FGG was greater than generated with BCT; however, 24 of 25 test sites demonstrated an increase in KT at 6 months, with more than three-quarters of the sites yielding > or =2 mm bands of KT.
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Wilson TG, Harrel SK, Nunn ME, Francis B, Webb K. The Relationship Between the Presence of Tooth-Borne Subgingival Deposits and Inflammation Found With a Dental Endoscope. J Periodontol 2008; 79:2029-35. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2008.080189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Shahidi P, Jacobson Z, Dibart S, Pourati J, Nunn ME, Barouch K, Van Dyke TE. Efficacy of a new papilla generation technique in implant dentistry: a preliminary study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2008; 23:926-934. [PMID: 19014164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the efficacy of a new uncovering technique with that of the conventional uncovering technique for papilla generation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-three patients with 67 implants were enrolled in the study. Patients were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatment groups (test and control). Implants of the test group were uncovered by the new technique and implants of the other group uncovered by the conventional technique (simple midcrestal incision). The height of each papilla after uncovering at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months and the thickness of the tissue covering the implant prior the uncovering were measured. PPD, PI, GI, and BOP measurements were made at 0 and 6 months, and standardized radiographs were obtained at 0, 3, and 6 months. Subject means were used for all statistical analyses. RESULTS The mean difference between the 2 surgical methods revealed that the new technique provided 1.5 mm greater papilla height (P < .001) at all 3 visits (baseline, 3, and 6 months) for implants adjacent to teeth. An overall significant difference for papilla height between the implants was detected between the 2 groups (P = .02). There was no significant difference between the 2 groups with regard to PPD, PI, GI, BOP, thickness of soft tissue, or overall bone level measurements during the course of the study. CONCLUSION Based on this study, it appears that over the course of 6 months, the new surgical approach for uncovering leads to a more favorable soft tissue response.
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Abstract
Although the etiology of essential hypertension is not clearly understood, endothelial dysfunction from chronic infection and/or impaired glucose metabolism may be involved. We hypothesized that salivary lysozyme, a marker for oral infection and hyperglycemia, might display a significant relationship with hypertension, an early stage of cardiovascular disease. Logistic regression analyses of the Kuopio Oral Health and Heart Study demonstrated that persons with higher lysozyme levels were more likely to have hypertension, after adjustment for age, gender, smoking, BMI, diabetes, the ratio of total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol, and C-reactive protein. The exposure to increasing quartiles of lysozyme was associated with adjusted Odds Ratios for the outcome, hypertension, 1.00 (referent), 1.25, 1.42, and 2.56 (linear trend p < 0.003). When we restricted the sample to the individuals without heart disease (N = 250), we observed a non-significant trend for increasing odds. Our hypothesis--"high salivary lysozyme levels are associated with the odds of hypertension"--was confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Qvarnstrom
- Otorhinolaryngology/Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kuopio University, Kuopio, Finland
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Kim T, Miyamoto T, Nunn ME, Garcia RI, Dietrich T. Root Proximity as a Risk Factor for Progression of Alveolar Bone Loss: The Veterans Affairs Dental Longitudinal Study. J Periodontol 2008; 79:654-9. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2008.070477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the broad use of crown-lengthening surgery (CLS), there is no complete agreement as to the desired amount of exposed sound tooth structure needed to accommodate both the restorative needs and the reformation of the supraosseous gingiva (SOG). Classically, it has been proposed that approximately 3 mm of SOG, the amount considered by most to be present before surgery, will be reformed after CLS. The purpose of this study was to test the viability of transsulcular probing (TSP) and to determine whether the SOG that forms after CLS is the same as that measured preoperatively. METHODS Nineteen patients underwent CLS with the surgical tooth acting both as the control and the test site. The SOG dimension was measured by TSP before and 6 months after surgery. Stents were used as fixed reference points. Intraclass correlations were calculated to test for the reliability of TSP measurements versus direct-bone-level (DBL) measurements. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare the means for the mean buccal, mean lingual, and overall mean SOG dimensions at baseline to corresponding measurements at 6 months. RESULTS Intraclass correlation coefficients for TSP measures of SOG to DBL measures of SOG ranged from 83.4% agreement to 91.9% agreement, with all correlations being highly significant (P <0.001), indicating a high degree of agreement between TSP and DBL. The differences in SOG dimensions, 6 months after surgery compared to baseline, were as follows: mean buccal, 0.51 mm; mean lingual/palatal, 0.61 mm; overall mean, 0.56 mm. These differences were significant for all three comparisons (P <0.001, P <0.004, and P <0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS TSP is an accurate alternative method to DBL in clinically determining SOG dimensions. Six months after CLS, the SOG dimension was reduced by 0.51 to 0.61 mm compared to the presurgical measurement, with these mean differences being statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- José R Perez
- Department of Periodontology, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328-2018, USA.
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Miyamoto T, Morgano SM, Kumagai T, Jones JA, Nunn ME. Treatment history of teeth in relation to the longevity of the teeth and their restorations: Outcomes of teeth treated and maintained for 15 years. J Prosthet Dent 2007; 97:150-6. [PMID: 17394913 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2007.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Limited clinical data exist on the survival of teeth relative to their treatment history. PURPOSE This study evaluated failure of teeth relative to their treatment history. MATERIAL AND METHODS Longitudinal data were collected for 3071 teeth from 148 fully compliant patients from 1 private practice in Yamagata, Japan. Follow-up times ranged from 15 to 23 years, with a mean of 19.2 years (SD 2.4). In this study, every tooth and its restoration were evaluated by one of the authors at the time of each maintenance visit. Treatment history of the teeth was categorized at baseline as follows: (1) sound, unrestored tooth (SUT); (2) 1-surface restoration (RT1); (3) 2-surface restoration (RT2); (4) 3-surface restoration (RT3); (5) 4+-surface restoration (RT4); (6) complete crown (CCT); (7) abutment for fixed partial dental prosthesis (AFT); (8) abutment for removable partial dental prosthesis (APDT); and (9) root canal treatment (RCT). Three types of failure modes were evaluated in this study: (1) restorative failure (secondary caries and/or fracture), (2) extraction, and (3) any failure (restorative failure or extraction). Multivariate survival analysis was used to determine the impact of the treatment history on failure (alpha=.05). RESULTS Teeth with multi-surface restorations experienced the highest incidence of any failure (P<.001). For secondary caries, similar risks were noted for the different treatment histories. For failures resulting in extraction, the only teeth with an increased risk were abutments for removable partial dental prostheses (relative risk=5.5) (P=.008). CONCLUSIONS The data demonstrated that restored teeth experienced a higher incidence of failure compared with unrestored teeth. Complete crowns and abutments for fixed partial dental prostheses had fewer restorative failures when compared with teeth with complex multisurface restorations. Removable partial denture abutments experienced the highest failure rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanari Miyamoto
- Department of General Dentistry, Division of Periodontology, Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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Shin SH, Cueva MA, Kerns DG, Hallmon WW, Rivera-Hidalgo F, Nunn ME. A Comparative Study of Root Coverage Using Acellular Dermal Matrix With and Without Enamel Matrix Derivative. J Periodontol 2007; 78:411-21. [PMID: 17335405 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2007.060170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare root coverage using acellular dermal matrix (ADM) with and without enamel matrix derivative (EMD) on the percentage of root coverage, probing attachment level, and the amount of keratinized tissue in the treatment of localized recession. METHODS Eighty-two contralateral sites in 14 patients with >or=2 mm of Miller Class I or III buccal tissue recession were treated. Forty-one test sites were treated with coronally advanced flap (CAF) using ADM in conjunction with EMD, whereas 41 control sites were treated with CAF using ADM alone. A split-mouth design was used for this study with 82 sites. Patients were followed for 3 and 6 months. A paired t test was conducted with the subject as the unit of analysis. RESULTS Based on paired t tests, both groups had significant improvement in the percentage of root coverage, probing attachment levels, and increased keratinized tissue. Only keratinized tissue in the test group demonstrated a statistically significant greater increase compared to controls at the 6-month evaluation (P = 0.006). CONCLUSION The use of EMD in conjunction with ADM resulted in a statistically significant effect on keratinized tissue increase, but no significant effects on probing attachment level or percentage of root surface coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Ho Shin
- Department of Periodontics, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX 75246, USA
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Abstract
The objective of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate whether gingivitis susceptibility is associated with periodontitis. We analyzed data of 462 men in the VA Dental Longitudinal Study aged 47 to 92 years who had never smoked or had quit smoking 5+ years previously. Multiple logistic regression models, with tooth-level bleeding on probing at sites with attachment loss<or=2 mm as the dependent variable, were derived with adjustment for plaque, calculus, crown coverage, age, income, education, marital status, body mass index, diabetes, and vitamin C intake, and stratification by age (<65, 65+ years). Periodontitis and mean attachment loss were positively associated with bleeding on probing, with stronger associations among men<65 years old (for periodontitis, OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.5, 3.1) than men 65+ years of age (OR 1.2; 95% CI 0.9, 1.6). Our results suggest that among never and former smokers, gingivitis susceptibility is higher among men with periodontitis compared with that in men without periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Dietrich
- Dept. of Health Policy and Health Services Research, Boston University Goldman School of Dental Medicine, and VA Boston Healthcare System, MA 02118, USA.
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Abstract
Few studies have investigated smoking as a risk factor for root canal treatment. We studied the effect of smoking on the incidence of root canal treatment, controlling for recognized risk factors, in 811 dentate male participants in the VA Dental Longitudinal Study. Participants were not VA patients. Follow-up ranged from 2 to 28 years. Root canal treatment was verified on radiographs and evaluated with proportional hazards regression models. Compared with never-smokers, current cigarette smokers were 1.7 times as likely to have root canal treatment (p < 0.001), but cigar and/or pipe use was not significantly associated with root canal treatment. The risk among cigarette smokers increased with more years of exposure and decreased with length of abstinence. These findings suggest that there is a dose-response relationship between cigarette smoking and the risk of root canal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Krall
- VA Dental Longitudinal Study, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston University Goldman School of Dental Medicine, MA 02118, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen K Harrel
- Department of Periodontology, Baylor College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Dallas, TX 75229, USA.
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