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Proskynitopoulos PJ, Bleich S, Muschler MAN, Buchholz V, Frieling H, Glahn A, Rhein M. Methylation of the Oxytocin, Oxytocin Receptor, and Vasopressin Gene Promoters in Tobacco Use Disorder during Cessation. Neuropsychobiology 2024; 83:28-40. [PMID: 38185116 PMCID: PMC10871687 DOI: 10.1159/000535663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OT) exert sex-specific effects on social pair bonding and stress reactions while also influencing craving in substance use disorders. In this regard, intranasal oxytocin (OT) and AVP antagonists present potential treatments for tobacco use disorder (TUD). Since transcription of both hormones is also regulated by gene methylation, we hypothesized sex-specific changes in methylation levels of the AVP, OT, and OT receptor (OXTR) gene during nicotine withdrawal. METHODS The study population consisted of 49 smokers (29 males, 20 females) and 51 healthy non-smokers (25 males, 26 females). Blood was drawn at day 1, day 7, and day 14 of smoking cessation. Craving was assessed with the questionnaire on smoking urges (QSU). RESULTS Throughout cessation, mean methylation of the OT promoter gene increased in males and decreased in females. OXTR receptor methylation decreased in females, while in males it was significantly lower at day 7. Regarding the AVP promoter, mean methylation increased in males while there were no changes in females. Using mixed linear modeling, CpG position, time point, sex, and the interaction of time point and sex as well as time point, sex, and QSU had a significant fixed effect on OT and AVP gene methylation. The interaction effect suggests that sex, time point, and QSU are interrelated, meaning that, depending on the sex, methylation could be different at different time points and vice versa. There was no significant effect of QSU on mean OXTR methylation. DISCUSSION We identified differences at specific CpGs between controls and smokers in OT and AVP and in overall methylation of the AVP gene. Furthermore, we found sex-specific changes in mean methylation levels of the mentioned genes throughout smoking cessation, underlining the relevance of sex in the OT and vasopressin system. This is the first study on epigenetic regulation of the OT promoter in TUD. Our results have implications for research on the utility of the AVP and OT system for treating substance craving. Future studies on both targets need to analyze their effect in the context of sex, social factors, and gene regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefan Bleich
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Vanessa Buchholz
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Helge Frieling
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexander Glahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mathias Rhein
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Foadi N, Dos Santos Teixeira L, Fitzner F, Dieck T, Rhein M, Karst M. Therapeutic Use of Cannabinoids in Critically Ill Patients: A Survey of Intensive Care Physicians in Germany. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2023. [PMID: 37669012 DOI: 10.1089/can.2023.0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: In the course of the legalization of cannabis for therapeutic purposes in Germany, there has been growing interest in the medical use of cannabinoids. To date, the therapeutic potential of cannabinoids for the treatment of critically ill patients has not been explored. Objectives: This study aims to understand better whether and how frequently cannabinoids have been administered to critically ill patients in recent years. Study Design: Initially, a survey was conducted among physicians working in intensive care units (ICUs) at the Hannover Medical School. Subsequently, 653 physicians working in ICUs throughout Germany were surveyed. The frequency and regimen of cannabinoid therapy initiated by the participating physicians in the last 2 years at the time of the survey were characterized. Results: Eight out of 9 physicians at Hannover Medical School and 59 out of 653 physicians in ICUs in Germany participated. At Hannover Medical School, 6 out of 8 physicians and in ICUs in Germany, 16 out of 59 physicians had used cannabinoids in some patients (mainly 9-10) during the 2-year period studied, with dronabinol in doses between 1 and 20 mg being their cannabinoid of choice. Metabolic and psychological distress and medication savings, followed by pain and nausea/vomiting, were the most frequently cited indications for cannabinoid therapy. No relevant safety issues arrived. Lack of personal experience, limited evidence, and gaps in knowledge were the most commonly cited reservations about cannabinoid use. Conclusions: During a 2-year period, dronabinol is used in a few critically ill patients in ICUs. The main indications are to reduce metabolic and psychological distress and to save medication. The majority of participating physicians indicated that the use of cannabinoids in the context of critical care medicine needs further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilufar Foadi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Clinic, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Franziska Fitzner
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Clinic, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thorben Dieck
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mathias Rhein
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychiatry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Karst
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Clinic, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Meyer-Bockenkamp F, Proskynitopoulos PJ, Glahn A, Muschler M, Hagemeier L, Preuss V, Klintschar M, Achenbach J, Frieling H, Rhein M. Cytosine methylation in GABA B1 receptor identifies alcohol-related changes for men in blood and brain tissues. Alcohol Alcohol 2023; 58:308-314. [PMID: 37041103 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agad022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Alcohol use alters the reward signaling processes contributing to the development of addiction. We studied the effects of alcohol use disorder (AUD) on brain regions and blood of deceased women and men to examine sex-dependent differences in epigenetic changes associated with AUD. We investigated the effects of alcohol use on the gene promoter methylation of GABBR1 coding for GABAB receptor subunit 1 in blood and brain. METHODS We chose six brain regions associated with addiction and the reward pathway (nucleus arcuatus, nucleus accumbens, the mamillary bodies, amygdala, hippocampus and anterior temporal cortex) and performed epigenetic profiling of the proximal promoter of the GABBR1 gene of post-mortem brain and blood samples of 17 individuals with AUD pathology (4 female, 13 male) and 31 healthy controls (10 female, 21 male). RESULTS Our results show sex-specific effects of AUD on GABBR1 promoter methylation. Especially, CpG -4 showed significant tissue-independent changes and significantly decreased methylation levels for the AUD group in the amygdala and the mammillary bodies of men. We saw prominent and consistent change in CpG-4 across all investigated tissues. For women, no significant loci were observed. CONCLUSION We found sex-dependent differences in GABBR1 promoter methylation in relation to AUD. CpG-4 hypomethylation in male individuals with AUD is consistent for most brain regions. Blood shows similar results without reaching significance, potentially serving as a peripheral marker for addiction-associated neuronal adaptations. Further research is needed to discover more contributing factors in the pathological alterations of alcohol addiction to offer sex-specific biomarkers and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Meyer-Bockenkamp
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl- Neuberg Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Phileas J Proskynitopoulos
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl- Neuberg Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexander Glahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl- Neuberg Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Marc Muschler
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl- Neuberg Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Lars Hagemeier
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Vanessa Preuss
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Klintschar
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Johannes Achenbach
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Pain Clinic, KRH Hannover Nordstadt, Haltenhoffstraße 41, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Helge Frieling
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl- Neuberg Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Mathias Rhein
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl- Neuberg Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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Arfmann W, Achenbach J, Meyer-Bockenkamp F, Proskynitopoulos PJ, Groh A, Muschler MAN, Glahn A, Hagemeier L, Preuss V, Klintschar M, Frieling H, Rhein M. Comparing DRD2 Promoter Methylation Between Blood and Brain in Alcohol Dependence. Alcohol Alcohol 2023; 58:216-223. [PMID: 36747480 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agad005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) is substantially involved in several forms of addiction. In addition to genetic polymorphisms, epigenetic mechanisms have emerged as an important means of regulation. Previously, DRD2 hypo- and hyper-methylation have been observed in alcohol use disorder (AUD). Blood samples are commonly used as a surrogate marker of epigenetic alterations in epigenetic research, but few specific comparisons between blood and brain tissue samples in AUD exist. METHODS We used post-mortem brain tissue samples of 17 deceased patients with AUD and 31 deceased controls to investigate the relationship between blood and brain methylation of the DRD2 promoter. RESULTS When investigating individual cytosine methylation sites (CpG), several significant differences were found in the nucleus accumbens and hippocampus in the study population. Investigating binding sites with significant differences in methylation levels revealed hypomethylated CpGs targeting mainly activating transcription factors. CONCLUSION These findings support an altered transcription of the DRD2 gene in AUD specimens with a consecutively changed reward response in the brain. While methylation between specific brain regions and blood is comparable, our study further suggests that blood methylation cannot provide meaningful perspectives on DRD2 promoter methylation in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiebke Arfmann
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Johannes Achenbach
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Pain Clinic, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Fiona Meyer-Bockenkamp
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Phileas J Proskynitopoulos
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Adrian Groh
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Marc A N Muschler
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexander Glahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Lars Hagemeier
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Vanessa Preuss
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Klintschar
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Helge Frieling
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Mathias Rhein
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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Foadi N, Winkelmann I, Rhein M, Karst M. [Retrospective evaluation of electronically recorded patient questionnaires of a university outpatient pain clinic with the painDETECT® questionnaire]. Schmerz 2022:10.1007/s00482-022-00677-3. [PMID: 36427073 DOI: 10.1007/s00482-022-00677-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Psychometric tests can provide important information for diagnostics and progression in chronic pain patients. Between 2008 and 2018, the electronic system painDETECT® was used in the outpatient pain clinic of the Hannover Medical School (MHH). The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the pain symptomatology data recorded using painDETECT® and the treatment procedures used in the patient cohort examined over a period of 15 months. MATERIAL AND METHODS A statistical analysis of baseline and follow-up data was performed. The analysis comprised pain-related parameters recorded by use of the painDETECT® system as well as outpatient records. RESULTS Baseline data of 459 patients (66% women) could be evaluated. The most common clinical pictures were spinal pain, headache, facial pain, and somatoform disorders, mostly with many years of previous treatment. Approximately 40% showed evidence of neuropathic pain components or central sensitization. With a mean pain intensity of VAS 6 (0-10), a predominantly high degree of chronicity was present. Approximately one third showed a high degree of pain-related functional impairment. Slightly more than half showed evidence of clinically relevant depression. Approximately 80% showed clinically relevant sleep disturbances. Follow-up data were available for 145 patients (31.6%). The proportion of patients receiving a nonpharmacological form of treatment increased by 44.1% (physical therapy) and by 24.1% (psychotherapeutic procedures) during the observation period. The use of co-analgesics increased by approximately 30% over the course. CONCLUSION In the outpatient setting, an extension of treatment can be successful for high-grade chronic pain patients. Close structural networking with the clinics for rehabilitation medicine and for psychosomatics and psychotherapy at the MHH can be a favorable prerequisite for this.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Foadi
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Schmerzambulanz, Medizinische Hochschule, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Deutschland.
| | - I Winkelmann
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Schmerzambulanz, Medizinische Hochschule, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - M Rhein
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Sozialpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - M Karst
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Schmerzambulanz, Medizinische Hochschule, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Deutschland
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Abdelkhalek K, Rhein M, Deest M, Buchholz V, Bleich S, Lichtinghagen R, Vyssoki B, Frieling H, Muschler M, Proskynitopoulos PJ, Glahn A. Dysregulated Methylation Patterns in Exon IV of the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Gene in Nicotine Dependence and Changes in BDNF Plasma Levels During Smoking Cessation. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:897801. [PMID: 35836661 PMCID: PMC9273814 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.897801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several studies reported dysregulated protein levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in smokers and during cessation. However, the epigenetic regulation of the BDNF gene has not yet been investigated. We measured the plasma levels of BDNF and the epigenetic regulation of exon IV of the BDNF gene in smokers compared to healthy controls over a cessation period of 14 days. METHOD We measured BDNF plasma levels and BDNF promoter methylation in 49 smokers and 51 non-smokers at baseline, day 7, and day 14 of smoking cessation. Mean methylation levels of 11 Cytosine Guanosine dinucleotides of exon IV of the BDNF gene were determined via bisulfite sequencing. RESULTS BDNF plasma and methylation levels were significantly lower in healthy controls when compared with smokers across all time points. BDNF levels for smokers decreased significantly during the cessation period. Comparing the sexes, female smokers showed significantly lower plasma BDNF levels than healthy controls at baseline and over 14 days of cessation. Male and female smokers showed significantly higher mean methylation rates than non-smokers at baseline. In male smokers, mean methylation levels decreased significantly during the cessation period. CONCLUSION Our findings replicate the findings of previous studies that BDNF plasma levels are altered in smokers. Furthermore, BDNF expression and gene methylation are altered during the first 14 days of cessation. Our novel findings of dysregulated methylation patterns in exon IV of the BDNF gene further support the thesis that BDNF plays a role in nicotine dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerim Abdelkhalek
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mathias Rhein
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Maximilian Deest
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Vanessa Buchholz
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefan Bleich
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ralf Lichtinghagen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Benjamin Vyssoki
- Board of Trustees for Psychosocial Services in Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Helge Frieling
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marc Muschler
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Alexander Glahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Hartung T, Rhein M, Kalmbach N, Thau-Habermann N, Naujock M, Müschen L, Frieling H, Sterneckert J, Hermann A, Wegner F, Petri S. Methylation and Expression of Mutant FUS in Motor Neurons Differentiated From Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells From ALS Patients. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:774751. [PMID: 34869374 PMCID: PMC8640347 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.774751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rapidly progressive disease leading to degeneration of motor neurons (MNs). Epigenetic modification of gene expression is increasingly recognized as potential disease mechanism. In the present study we generated motor neurons from induced pluripotent stem cells from ALS patients carrying a mutation in the fused in sarcoma gene (FUS) and analyzed expression and promoter methylation of the FUS gene and expression of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) compared to healthy control cell lines. While mutant FUS neural progenitor cells (NPCs) did not show a difference in FUS and DNMT expression compared to healthy controls, differentiated mutant FUS motor neurons showed significantly lower FUS expression, higher DNMT expression and higher methylation of the proximal FUS gene promoter. Immunofluorescence revealed perceived proximity of cytoplasmic FUS aggregates in ALS MNs together with 5-methylcytosin (5-mC). Targeting disturbed methylation in ALS may therefore restore transcriptional alterations and represent a novel therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hartung
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Rhein
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - N Kalmbach
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - N Thau-Habermann
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - M Naujock
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Evotec International GmbH, Göttingen, Germany
| | - L Müschen
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - H Frieling
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - J Sterneckert
- Center for Regenerative Therapies TU Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - A Hermann
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section "Albrecht Kossel", Department of Neurology and Center for Transdisciplinary Neuroscience (CTNR), University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Rostock/Greifswald, Rostock, Germany
| | - F Wegner
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - S Petri
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Proskynitopoulos PJ, Rhein M, Petersson LP, Sperling CH, Wöhler J, Deest M, Bleich S, Frieling H, Hillemacher T, Glahn A. Differences in the promoter methylation of atrial natriuretic peptide and vasopressin in alcohol use disorder. A longitudinal case-control-study during withdrawal therapy. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2021; 133:105387. [PMID: 34399149 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and vasopressin (VP) influence alcohol intake and withdrawal as well as craving and are also regulated by epigenetic factors. Disturbances in expression and promoter methylation status have been described in patients suffering from alcohol use disorder and alcohol withdrawal therapy. OBJECTIVES In this study, we wanted to map the progression of cytosine-phosphatidyl-guanine (CpG) methylation of the respective gene promoter of ANP and VP immediately after starting alcohol withdrawal therapy when compared with healthy controls METHODS: We recruited 34 males suffering from alcohol addiction or harmful use alongside 43 healthy male controls. Blood samples for methylation analyses were drawn on days 1, 2, 3, 4, and 7-10. RESULTS There was no difference in mean methylation for both VP and ANP during withdrawal. There was no difference at the ANP CpG-sites after correction for multiple testing. Regarding VP, methylation was significantly higher at CpG 033, CpG 064, CpG 103, CpG 118, and CpG 194 and significantly lower at CpG 053, CpG 060, and CpG 214 when compared to healthy controls. Via in silico analysis, we identified transcription factor binding sites that could potentially influence methylation-dependent gene transcription. CONCLUSIONS While there was no change in methylation status during withdrawal, significant differences in average methylation of specific CpG sites were observed for VP. We also identified the role of transcription factors in the context of promoter methylation as one potential mechanism that could explain the differences in VP levels between alcohol-dependent patients and healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mathias Rhein
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany; Laboratory for Molecular Neurosciences, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Lasse Per Petersson
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | | | - Johannes Wöhler
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Maximilian Deest
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Stefan Bleich
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Helge Frieling
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany; Laboratory for Molecular Neurosciences, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Thomas Hillemacher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Paracelsus Medical University Nuernberg, Nuremberg General Hospital, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Glahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
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Helgers SOA, Angelov S, Muschler MAN, Glahn A, Al-Afif S, Al Krinawe Y, Hermann EJ, Krauss JK, Frieling H, Schwabe K, Rhein M. Epigenetic Regulation of Neural Transmission after Cerebellar Fastigial Nucleus Lesions in Juvenile Rats. Cerebellum 2021; 20:922-930. [PMID: 33834423 PMCID: PMC8674159 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-021-01264-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Structural and functional abnormalities in the cerebellar midline region, including the fastigial nucleus, have been reported in neuropsychiatric disorders, also comprising the cerebellar cognitive affecting syndrome. In rats, early fastigial lesions reduce social interaction during development and lead to cognitive and emotional deficits in adults, accompanied by compromised neuronal network activity. Since epigenetic mechanisms are implicated in the etiology of neuropsychiatric disorders, we investigated whether fastigial nucleus lesions in juvenile rats would impact epigenetic regulation of neural transmission. The fastigial nucleus was lesioned bilaterally in 23-day-old male rats. Sham-lesion and naïve rats served as controls. DNA methylation was investigated for target genes of the GABAergic, dopaminergic, glutamatergic and oxytocinergic systems in brain regions with anatomic connections to the fastigial nucleus, i.e., medial prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, striatum, thalamus, and sensorimotor cortex. Protein expression was examined for the respective target genes in case of altered DNA methylation between lesion and control groups. Lesioning of the fastigial nucleus led to significant differences in the epigenetic regulation of glutamate decarboxylase 1 and the oxytocin receptor in the nucleus accumbens and the prefrontal cortex. No differences were found for the other target genes and brain regions. Our findings indicate that epigenetic dysregulation after lesioning of the fastigial nucleus may influence long-term recovery and the emergence of behavioral changes. Together with previous behavioral and electrophysiological investigations of this rat model, these observations can play a role in the cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome and other neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Svilen Angelov
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marc A N Muschler
- Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexander Glahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Shadi Al-Afif
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Yazeed Al Krinawe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Elvis J Hermann
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Joachim K Krauss
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Helge Frieling
- Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kerstin Schwabe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mathias Rhein
- Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Gombert S, Rhein M, Winterpacht A, Münster T, Hillemacher T, Leffler A, Frieling H. Correction to: Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 promoter methylation and peripheral pain sensitivity in Crohn's disease. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:67. [PMID: 33785061 PMCID: PMC8011209 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01059-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gombert
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 35, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Mathias Rhein
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 35, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Winterpacht
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tino Münster
- Department of Anesthesiology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Clinic for Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Hospital of the Order of St.John of God Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Hillemacher
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 35, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Paracelsus Medical University Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Leffler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Helge Frieling
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 35, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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11
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Muschler M, Rhein M, Müschen L, Wieting J, Frieling H, Bleich S. Appetite-regulating hormones, alcohol dependence and craving in a rodent model. PHARMACOPSYCHIATRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3402987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Muschler
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany
| | - M Rhein
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany
| | - L Müschen
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany
| | - J Wieting
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany
| | - H Frieling
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany
| | - S Bleich
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany
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12
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Müschen LH, Rhein M, Hoppe V, John N, Schwabe K, Frieling H, Bleich S, Muschler MAN. Alcohol Withdrawal and Proopiomelanocortin Neuropeptides in an Animal Model of Alcohol Dependence. Neuropsychobiology 2020; 78:118-127. [PMID: 31117084 DOI: 10.1159/000499844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol is one of the leading threats to health worldwide. Craving for alcohol makes abstinence a difficult challenge by maintaining alcohol dependence. Many studies suppose the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, especially the proopiomelanocortin (POMC)-derived neuropeptides, to mediate craving during withdrawal in alcohol dependence. Evidence is available that the two POMC proteins, α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and β-endorphin (β-END) are altered by alcohol consumption and influence alcohol consumption, respectively. OBJECTIVES We investigated the dynamics of α-MSH and β-END during alcohol withdrawal and the influence of intraperitoneal administration of either α-MSH or β-END in an established rodent model (Wistar rats) for alcohol dependence. RESULTS After long-term alcohol self-administration over 12 months and repeated deprivation periods for 3 days, we found a significant decrease in α-MSH levels during withdrawal in rodents (p = 0.006) compared to controls, while β-END levels remained unchanged. Treatment with intraperitoneally administered α-MSH and β-END did not affect alcohol drinking behavior after deprivation. CONCLUSION We demonstrate the effects of alcohol deprivation on α-MSH in alcohol-dependent rodents, which appear to mimic α-MSH alteration found after fasting periods during appetite regulation. Therefore, low α-MSH levels are a possible indicator for craving in alcohol-dependent individuals and hence would be a potential target for anti-craving treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Hendrik Müschen
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Departmentof Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mathias Rhein
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Viktoria Hoppe
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Gynecology, Franziskus Hospital, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Nadine John
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kerstin Schwabe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Helge Frieling
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefan Bleich
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marc André Nicolas Muschler
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany, .,Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany,
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13
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Maier HB, Neyazi M, Neyazi A, Hillemacher T, Pathak H, Rhein M, Bleich S, Goltseker K, Sadot-Sogrin Y, Even-Chen O, Frieling H, Barak S. Alcohol consumption alters Gdnf promoter methylation and expression in rats. J Psychiatr Res 2020; 121:1-9. [PMID: 31710958 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder is one of the most disabling diseases worldwide. Glial-cell derived neurotrophic factor (Gdnf) shows promising results concerning the inhibition of alcohol consumption in rodent models. We investigated the epigenetic regulation of Gdnf following ethanol consumption and withdrawal in a rat model. 32 Wistar rats underwent 7 weeks of intermittent access to alcohol in a 2-bottle choice (IA2BC). Whole blood, Nucleus Accumbens (NAc) and Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA) were collected immediately after the last 24 h of an alcohol-drinking session (alcohol group, AG) or 24 h after withdrawal (withdrawal group, WG). MRNA levels were measured using real-time quantitative PCR. Bisulfite-conversion of DNA and capillary sequencing was used to determine methylation levels of the core promoter (CP) and the negative regulatory element (NRE). The CP of the AG in the NAc was significantly less methylated compared to controls (p < 0.05). In the NAc, mRNA expression was significantly higher in the WG (p < 0.05). In the WG, mRNA expression levels in the VTA were significantly lower (p < 0.05) and showed significantly less methylation in the NRE in the VTA (p < 0.001) and the NAc (p < 0.01) compared to controls. Changes in the cerebral mRNA expression correspond to alterations in DNA methylation of the Gdnf promoter in a rodent model. Our results hold clinical relevance since differences in Gdnf mRNA expression and DNA methylation could be a target for pharmacological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Benedictine Maier
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry, and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Meraj Neyazi
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry, and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexandra Neyazi
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry, and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Hillemacher
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry, and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Hansi Pathak
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry, and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mathias Rhein
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry, and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefan Bleich
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry, and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Koral Goltseker
- School of Psychological Sciences, The Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yossi Sadot-Sogrin
- School of Psychological Sciences, The Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Oren Even-Chen
- School of Psychological Sciences, The Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Helge Frieling
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry, and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Segev Barak
- School of Psychological Sciences, The Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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14
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Groh A, Rhein M, Roy M, Gessner C, Lichtinghagen R, Heberlein A, Hillemacher T, Bleich S, Walter M, Frieling H. Trauma Severity in Early Childhood Correlates with Stress and Satiety Hormone Levels in a Pilot Cohort Receiving Diamorphine Maintenance Treatment. Eur Addict Res 2020; 26:103-108. [PMID: 31940647 DOI: 10.1159/000505293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Childhood trauma is of importance for the manifestation of substance-related disorders and maintenance of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis disorders. Since stress plays a crucial role in opioid compliance and craving, we investigated the immediate effects of diacetylmorphine application on the HPA axis. In particular, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol secretion, as well as satiety regulating proopiomelanocortin peptides α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) and β-endorphin (END) in a cohort of opioid-dependent patients in diamorphine maintenance treatment concerning the clinical severity of their childhood trauma. METHODS We compared the serum levels of ACTH, cortisol, MSH, and END in 15 opioid-dependent patients. All participants received treatment with diamorphine and were observed at 5 timepoints before and after injection. We split the cohort into 2 subgroups concerning childhood trauma measured by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. RESULTS Splitting in 2 subgroups for mild (5) and severe trauma (10), we found that while both groups show a significant reduction of ACTH and cortisol levels over time, slopes display different progressions over time for cortisol (F[1.6] = 9.38, p = 0.02), while remaining identical for ACTH (F[1.6] = 1.69, p = 0.24). Also, levels of both MSH and END were significantly lower in severely traumatized patients. CONCLUSIONS For the first time, we present a detailed representation of stress- and addiction-related proteins for the first 5 h after diamorphine application, demonstrating the interrelationship between stress hormones and childhood trauma as well as its potential effects on the progression of addictions such as opioid dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Groh
- Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany,
| | - Mathias Rhein
- Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mandy Roy
- Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Asklepios Clinic North Ochsenzoll, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christine Gessner
- Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ralf Lichtinghagen
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Annemarie Heberlein
- Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Hillemacher
- Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Paracelsus Medical University Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Bleich
- Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marc Walter
- Department of Psychiatry (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Helge Frieling
- Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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15
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Hillemacher T, Rhein M, Burkert A, Heberlein A, Wilhelm J, Glahn A, Muschler MAN, Kahl KG, Kornhuber J, Bleich S, Frieling H. DNA-methylation of the dopamin receptor 2 gene is altered during alcohol withdrawal. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2019; 29:1250-1257. [PMID: 31530416 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2019.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The dopaminergic neurotransmission is known to be of crucial importance in addictive behavior. Epigenetic regulation like methylation of DNA influences the function of dopaminergic transmission. The present study investigated alterations of DNA methylation in the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2)-gene in patients suffering from alcohol dependence. The study sample consists of 99 alcohol dependent males admitted for alcohol withdrawal treatment and a control group of 33 healthy participants. Blood samples underwent bisulfite sequencing to determine levels of DNA-methylation of the promoter region of the DRD2 gene. Mixed linear modeling was used to test differences between patients and controls, course of methylation during detoxification. While DRD2-gene methylation did not differ significantly between patients and controls, we found a significant increase of DRD2-gene methylation during alcohol withdrawal/early abstinence. Craving, measured with the Obsessive Compulsive Drinking Scale (OCDS), was significantly associated with DRD2-gene methylation. Furthermore, smoking significantly influenced DRD2-gene methylation in both, patients and controls. As in other types of addictive disorders, DRD2-gene methylation is altered during alcohol withdrawal/early abstinence. The findings regarding an association with alcohol craving and tobacco consumption point towards a crucial role of DRD2-gene methylation in the neurobiology of addictive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Hillemacher
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Paracelsus Medical University Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Mathias Rhein
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Molecular Neurosciences Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Alexandra Burkert
- Molecular Neurosciences Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Annemarie Heberlein
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Julia Wilhelm
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexander Glahn
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Marc Andre Nicolas Muschler
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Molecular Neurosciences Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Kai G Kahl
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Bleich
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Molecular Neurosciences Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Helge Frieling
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Molecular Neurosciences Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Germany.
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16
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Stapel B, Gorinski N, Gmahl N, Rhein M, Preuss V, Hilfiker-Kleiner D, Frieling H, Bleich S, Ponimaskin E, Kahl KG. Fluoxetine induces glucose uptake and modifies glucose transporter palmitoylation in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2019; 23:883-891. [DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2019.1675639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Britta Stapel
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Nataliya Gorinski
- Institute of Cellular Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Noëmi Gmahl
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
- Institute of Cellular Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Mathias Rhein
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Vanessa Preuss
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | | | - Helge Frieling
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Stefan Bleich
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Evgeni Ponimaskin
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Kai G. Kahl
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
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17
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Achenbach J, Rhein M, Gombert S, Meyer-Bockenkamp F, Buhck M, Eberhardt M, Leffler A, Frieling H, Karst M. Childhood traumatization is associated with differences in TRPA1 promoter methylation in female patients with multisomatoform disorder with pain as the leading bodily symptom. Clin Epigenetics 2019; 11:126. [PMID: 31455424 PMCID: PMC6712620 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-019-0731-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The construct of multisomatoform disorder (MSD) is a common point of reference for patients in different somatic and psychosomatic specialties and therefore useful in studying large well-characterized cohorts of a prototype of a somatoform disorder and in parallel as a functional somatic syndrome (FSS). This disorder is characterized by distressing and functionally disabling somatic symptoms with chronic pain as the most frequent and clinically relevant complaint. Pain is perceived by nociceptive nerve fibers and transferred through the generation of action potentials by different receptor molecules known to determine pain sensitivity in pathophysiological processes. Previous studies have shown that for the transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), receptor methylation of a particular CpG dinucleotide in the promoter region is inversely associated with both heat pain and pressure pain thresholds. In this study, we hypothesized that TRPA1 promoter methylation regulates pain sensitivity of patients with multisomatoform disorder (MSD). A cohort of 151 patients with MSD and 149 matched healthy volunteers were evaluated using quantitative sensory testing, clinical and psychometric assessment, and methylation analysis using DNA isolated from whole blood. Results We found CpG -628 to be correlated with mechanical pain threshold and CpG -411 to be correlated with mechanical pain threshold in female volunteers, i.e., higher methylation levels lead to higher pain thresholds. A novel finding is that methylation levels were significantly different between patients with no and severe levels of childhood trauma. CpG methylation also correlated with psychometric assessment of pain and pain levels rated on a visual analog scale. Conclusion Our findings support the hypothesis that epigenetic regulation of TRPA1 plays a role in mechanical pain sensitivities in healthy volunteers. They further provide evidence for the possible influence of childhood traumatic experiences on the epigenetic regulation of TRPA1 in patients with MSD. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13148-019-0731-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Achenbach
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Pain Clinic, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Mathias Rhein
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sara Gombert
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Fiona Meyer-Bockenkamp
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Miro Buhck
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Pain Clinic, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mirjam Eberhardt
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Pain Clinic, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Leffler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Pain Clinic, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Helge Frieling
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Karst
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Pain Clinic, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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18
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Glahn A, Rhein M, Frieling H, Dette F, Bleich S, Hillemacher T, Muschler M. Smoking-induced changes in leptin serum levels and c/EBPalpha-related methylation status of the leptin core promotor during smoking cessation. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 100:106-112. [PMID: 30299257 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have provided evidence of an association between serum leptin levels and smoking as well as craving during smoking cessation. As promoter methylation also regulates leptin expression, we investigated the leptin gene promoter region of smokers before and after smoking cessation. Since leptin's core promoter region contains an essential c/EBPalpha transcription binding site, we narrowed our investigation to C-300 (-300 base pairs from the transcription start site) of that binding site. Female smokers showed hypermethylation of C-300 compared to non-smokers. Global methylation status is associated with higher craving and the degree of dependence in female smokers. Serum leptin levels in female smokers were significantly higher than in non-smokers. These findings support previous results and, for the first time, point to a pathophysiological role of c/EBPalpha-related C-300 methylation in tobacco dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Glahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry an Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Germany.
| | - Mathias Rhein
- Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry an Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Germany
| | - Helge Frieling
- Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry an Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Germany
| | - Franziska Dette
- Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry an Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Germany
| | - Stefan Bleich
- Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry an Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Germany
| | - Thomas Hillemacher
- Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry an Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Germany; Paracelsus University Nuremberg, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Germany
| | - Marc Muschler
- Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry an Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Germany
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19
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Wieting J, Rhein M, Hillemacher T, Lichtinghagen R, Hoppe V, Müschen L, Glahn A, Frieling H, Bleich S, Muschler M. DNA Methylation of the Leptin Gene Promoter is Altered by Chronic Alcohol Exposure in an Animal Model for Alcohol Dependence. Eur Addict Res 2019; 25:49-55. [PMID: 30650427 DOI: 10.1159/000496111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Appetite-regulating peptides, such as leptin, are linked to craving and have been in the focus of alcohol dependence research for years. The objective of our study was to investigate the dynamics of leptin gene promoter methylation during alcohol withdrawal and specific treatment in a rodent (rat) model for alcohol dependence. DNA methylation was measured using direct bisulfite sequencing at 0 h, 24 h, and 6 days of alcohol withdrawal as well as after treatment with alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH), Beta-Endorphin, or saline. We found significantly lower methylation levels in alcohol-consuming animals compared to alcohol-naïve animals. During 6 days of alcohol deprivation, this difference in methylation vanished. Leptin methylation of the alpha-MSH-treated group and 6 days alcohol-deprived animals was significantly higher than that in saline-treated animals, possibly indicating compensatory effects of the treatment. Our results further expand on previous findings from human studies that explain leptin's role in bridging the gap between alcohol consumption and appetite regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelte Wieting
- Department for Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mathias Rhein
- Department for Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Hillemacher
- Department for Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Paracelsus Medical University Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Ralf Lichtinghagen
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical University, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Viktoria Hoppe
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Franziskus Hospital, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Lars Müschen
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexander Glahn
- Department for Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Helge Frieling
- Department for Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefan Bleich
- Department for Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marc Muschler
- Department for Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany,
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Ardeshiripur M, Rhein M, Frieling H, Bleich S, Hillemacher T, Muschler M, Glahn A. Desacylghrelin but not acylghrelin is reduced during smoking cessation. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2018; 125:1885-1889. [PMID: 30251224 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-018-1930-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
This study focused on the acetylation status of ghrelin examining acyl- and desacylghrelin and its effect on craving during 14 days of smoking abstinence. This is the first study demonstrating changes in desacylghrelin plasma levels in smokers compared to non-smokers while there was no difference of acylated ghrelin. Future studies should specifically refer to plasma ghrelin as either desacyl- or acylghrelin since both have different effects on tobacco-seeking behavior and the underlying physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Ardeshiripur
- Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mathias Rhein
- Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Helge Frieling
- Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefan Bleich
- Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Hillemacher
- Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Paracelsus Medical University Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Marc Muschler
- Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexander Glahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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21
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Groh A, Rhein M, Buchholz V, Burkert A, Huber CG, Lang UE, Borgwardt SJ, Heberlein A, Muschler MAN, Hillemacher T, Bleich S, Frieling H, Walter M. Epigenetic Effects of Intravenous Diacetylmorphine on the Methylation of POMC and NR3C1. Neuropsychobiology 2018; 75:193-199. [PMID: 29510398 DOI: 10.1159/000486973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The administration of diacetylmorphine (DAM) reduces the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in opioid-maintained patients. However, the epigenetic effects of DAM on addiction-related genes have not been investigated yet. In a randomized controlled study, we examined the immediate effects of intravenous DAM versus placebo on the promoter methylation of the POMC (pro- opiomelanocortin) and NR3C1 (glucocorticoid receptor 1) genes. Twenty-eight heroin-dependent patients on DAM-assisted treatment received either DAM or saline in a randomized crossover design and 17 healthy participants received saline only. EDTA blood samples were taken 25 min before and 10 min after the injection of DAM or saline. We found reciprocal regulation effects for DAM versus saline application regarding the methylation of POMC; while DAM injection significantly increased methylation, saline injection led to a significant decrease in methylation for patients as well as controls. NR3C1 data did not show significant changes in methylation. Injection of DAM blunted stress hormone levels and the POMC promoter methylation of heroin-dependent patients. These findings provide first preliminary insights into the epigenetic mechanisms underlying the emotional regulation effects of DAM-assisted treatment in severe heroin-dependent patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Groh
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mathias Rhein
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Vanessa Buchholz
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexandra Burkert
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christian G Huber
- Department of Psychiatry (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Undine E Lang
- Department of Psychiatry (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Annemarie Heberlein
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marc A N Muschler
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Hillemacher
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Bleich
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Helge Frieling
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marc Walter
- Department of Psychiatry (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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22
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Proskynitopoulos PJ, Rhein M, Jäckel E, Manns MP, Frieling H, Bleich S, Thum T, Hillemacher T, Glahn A. Corrigendum: Leptin Expression and Gene Methylation Patterns in Alcohol-Dependent Patients with Ethyltoxic Cirrhosis-Normalization After Liver Transplantation and Implications for Future Research. Alcohol Alcohol 2018; 53:760. [PMID: 30169583 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agy062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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23
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Muschler M, Rhein M, Ritter A, Hillemacher T, Frieling H, Bleich S, Glahn A. Epigenetic alterations of the POMC promoter in tobacco dependence. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2018; 28:875-879. [PMID: 29871818 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Impaired regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is substantially involved in several psychiatric disorders. Smoking interferes with HPA axis by activating proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons and thus stimulating the expression of POMC. The POMC transcript is processed into several peptide hormones, such as adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH), that play a role in stress response and weight control. In alcohol dependence, POMC promoter methylation is associated with craving. Here, we describe evidence of altered POMC promoter methylation in smoking. To determine how tobacco dependence and its withdrawal affect POMC promoter-specific DNA methylation, we assessed blood samples of 36 tobacco dependent individuals at day 1, 7 and 14 of withdrawal compared to 41 healthy controls using direct bisulfite sequencing. We found that POMC promoter methylation is significantly higher in smokers than in non-smokers. Moreover, this methylation difference does not readapt within 14 days of abstinence. We offer two explanatory models: Smokers could have a higher methylation state before the onset of smoking and this premorbid status might be acquired by environmental factors in early life. Alternatively, smoking may activate POMC neurons and its protein expression. Therefore, increasing methylation status of its promoter might be an adjustment to keep homeostasis. In either way, altered POMC methylation in smokers seems to indicate an adaptation of stress signaling, thereby potentially serving as a marker for stress-related functions that support the addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Muschler
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Mathias Rhein
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Ritter
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Hillemacher
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Paracelsus Medical University Nuremberg, Departement of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Prof.-Ernst-Nathan-Str. 1, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Helge Frieling
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefan Bleich
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexander Glahn
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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24
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Proskynitopoulos PJ, Rhein M, Jäckel E, Manns MP, Frieling H, Bleich S, Thum T, Hillemacher T, Glahn A. Leptin Expression and Gene Methylation Patterns in Alcohol-Dependent Patients with Ethyltoxic Cirrhosis—Normalization After Liver Transplantation and Implications for Future Research. Alcohol Alcohol 2018; 53:511-517. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agy038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P J Proskynitopoulos
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center Transplantation (IFB-Tx), Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - M Rhein
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center Transplantation (IFB-Tx), Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - E Jäckel
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center Transplantation (IFB-Tx), Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endocrinology, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - M P Manns
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center Transplantation (IFB-Tx), Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endocrinology, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - H Frieling
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center Transplantation (IFB-Tx), Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - S Bleich
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center Transplantation (IFB-Tx), Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - T Thum
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center Transplantation (IFB-Tx), Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - T Hillemacher
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center Transplantation (IFB-Tx), Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Paracelsus Medical University Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - A Glahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center Transplantation (IFB-Tx), Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
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25
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Glahn A, Rhein M, Heberlein A, Muschler M, Kornhuber J, Frieling H, Bleich S, Hillemacher T. The Epigenetic Regulation of GATA4-Dependent Brain Natriuretic Peptide Expression during Alcohol Withdrawal. Neuropsychobiology 2018; 74:131-138. [PMID: 28441648 DOI: 10.1159/000456011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Natriuretic peptides participate in the collection of metabolic effects during alcohol withdrawal. Having witnessed modulation of other natriuretic peptides in alcohol-dependent patients during alcohol withdrawal, we were interested in the relation of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) methylation with protein expression and craving in this longitudinal study. METHODS Ninety-nine male patients were compared to 101 healthy controls concerning epigenetic regulation and protein expression during detoxification treatment. RESULTS With BNP expression being GATA4 dependent, we observed a correlation of GATA4 binding site methylation and protein expression. BNP serum levels and Obsessive Compulsive Drinking Scale scores are significantly decreased during withdrawal. Focusing on the two CpGs that are between GATA transcription factor binding sites, statistical analysis revealed a reversely proportional methylation pattern, significantly increasing with ongoing detoxification and thereby supporting the observed serum level changes. CONCLUSION Without the functional knowledge about regulation of BNP expression via the GATA transcription factor, it would have been easy to take the mean results of the global CpG data and propose a direct relationship between methylation and expression. Thus, these findings are a voice for functionally and mechanistically approved results. There was no causal relationship between protein expression levels and epigenetic changes. Further research is needed which includes protein expression and other approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Glahn
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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26
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Pathak H, Frieling H, Rhein M, Burkert A. Limitations of lymphoblastoid cell lines for functional analysis of SNPs. BMC Res Notes 2017; 10:548. [PMID: 29096698 PMCID: PMC5667475 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-2864-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are widely linked to the susceptibility and penetrance of diseases. SNP rs886205 (A/G) located in the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) promoter is associated with esophageal carcinoma in alcohol-dependent patients. Previously, we found an interaction of the SNP with the methylation of promoter regions as well as the protein levels of ALDH2 in alcohol-dependent patients. To study the DNA-protein interactions involved in rs886205 mediated regulation of ALDH2, we chose lymphoblastoid cell lines harboring AA/GA/GG genotype and acquired two for each genotype from National Human Genome Research Institute repository. We measured the promoter methylation of ALDH2 by using bisulfite sequencing and quantified protein expression of ALDH2 by western blot to compare the cell lines with the previous findings in patients. RESULTS DNA methylation showed significant differences not only based on genotype but also due to the different background of the cells owing to their origin from different individuals. Although ALDH2 protein expression seemed to be driven by the rs886205 genotype, results were not in consensus with data from the patient cohorts. Our findings show the limitations of the usage of lymphoblastoid cell lines due to the unavoidable background genetic differences that may influence the effect of SNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hansi Pathak
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Helge Frieling
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mathias Rhein
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexandra Burkert
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), 30625, Hannover, Germany
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27
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Proskynitopoulos PJ, Rhein M, Jäckel E, Manns MP, Frieling H, Bleich S, Thum T, Blüher M, Hillemacher T, Glahn A. PO4-10THE EFFECT OF ORTHOTOPIC LIVER TRANSPLANTATION ON MIR-21, LEPTIN AND GENE-METHYLATION PATTERNS IN PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM ETHYL TOXIC LIVER CIRRHOSIS: A PILOT STUDY. Alcohol Alcohol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agx074.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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28
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Petersson L, Leschinski A, Rhein M, Frieling H, Bleich S, Hillemacher T. Alterations of the OPRM1 gene methylation during alcohol withdrawal. PHARMACOPSYCHIATRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1606432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Petersson
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - A Leschinski
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - M Rhein
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - H Frieling
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - S Bleich
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - T Hillemacher
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
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29
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Pathak H, Frieling H, Bleich S, Glahn A, Heberlein A, Haschemi Nassab M, Hillemacher T, Burkert A, Rhein M. Promoter Polymorphism rs886205 Genotype Interacts With DNA Methylation of the ALDH2 Regulatory Region in Alcohol Dependence. Alcohol Alcohol 2017; 52:269-276. [PMID: 28430929 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agw106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) protects cells from ethanol toxicity by metabolizing acetaldehyde. We studied the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs886205s located between a negative and a positive regulating promoter element in the ALDH2 gene. The negative regulatory region was already associated with differential DNA methylation in the two allele variations of rs886205 SNP. Another CpG island, in the positive regulatory region of the ALDH2 promoter, extends through the SNP rs886205 and a nuclear receptor response element. METHODS We assessed rs886305 genotype and DNA methylation using bisulfite sequencing in a cohort of 83 male alcohol-dependent patients undergoing detoxification treatment (Days 1, 7 and 14) and in 33 male age-matched controls. Luciferase reporter assays were performed to address the functional significance of genotype and methylation. RESULTS We observed a higher methylation in alcohol-dependent patients compared to controls. Patients with AA (n = 52) or GG/GA (n = 31) genotype differed significantly in baseline methylation levels as well as in methylation kinetics during withdrawal. AA carriers display an increase in methylation from low baseline levels while GG/GA showed the inverse pattern. The reporter gene assays corroborate these data by showing a significant effect of genotype on ALDH2 expression as well as an interaction between genotype and methylation. CONCLUSION Our results describe a new regulatory role of rs886205 in the methylation of ALDH2 promoter region and provide additional insight into the complex regulation of ALDH2 under the condition of alcohol dependence. SHORT SUMMARY Genetic variations have been described to influence DNA promoter methylation of various genes. We investigated the association between the polymorphism rs886205, located on ALDH2 promoter and methylation kinetics of the neighboring CpG island in alcohol-dependent patients. Luciferase reporter assays showed functional significance of genotype, methylation and a genotype-epigenotype interaction in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hansi Pathak
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Helge Frieling
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefan Bleich
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexander Glahn
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Annemarie Heberlein
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Mani Haschemi Nassab
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Hillemacher
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexandra Burkert
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Mathias Rhein
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School (MHH), 30625 Hannover, Germany
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30
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Glahn A, Rhein M, Frieling H, Schuster R, El Aissami A, Bleich S, Hillemacher T, Muschler M. Smoking and Promoter-Specific Deoxyribonucleic Acid Methylation of the Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Gene: Methylation of Smokers and Non-Smokers Differs Significantly during Withdrawal. Eur Addict Res 2017; 23:306-311. [PMID: 29339652 DOI: 10.1159/000486279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is well known in psychiatric disorders to modulate hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity. Disturbances of ANP have been described in early abstinent alcohol-dependent patients. This is the first longitudinal investigation on cytosine-phosphatidyl-guanine (CpG)-island promoter methylation of the ANP gene in the blood of tobacco-dependent patients. METHODS In a longitudinal approach, we investigated whether changes in ANP serum levels correlated to CpG methylation of the respective gene promoters on days 1, 7, and 14 of tobacco withdrawal. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Compared to non-smokers, promoter-related deoxyribonucleic acid methylation of the ANP promoter was significantly elevated on days 7 and 14 of withdrawal in tobacco-dependent patients. Baseline methylation status of the ANP promoter was not significantly different from controls, arguing for an impaired regulation during withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Glahn
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mathias Rhein
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Helge Frieling
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Rilana Schuster
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Alain El Aissami
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefan Bleich
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Hillemacher
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Paracelsus Medical University Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Marc Muschler
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Theilmann W, Kleimann A, Rhein M, Bleich S, Frieling H, Löscher W, Brandt C. Behavioral differences of male Wistar rats from different vendors in vulnerability and resilience to chronic mild stress are reflected in epigenetic regulation and expression of p11. Brain Res 2016; 1642:505-515. [PMID: 27103570 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Outbred rat lines such as Wistar rats are commonly used for models of depressive disorders. Such rats arise from random mating schedules. Hence, genetic drift occurs in outbred populations which could lead to genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity between rats from different vendors. Additionally, vendor specific rearing conditions could contribute to intrastrain variability. In the present study differences in behavioral responses to the chronic mild stress (CMS) model of depression within Wistar rat strains from different vendors are described. DNA methylation studies and mRNA expression analysis of p11 revealed that the behavioral differences between the substrains are reflected at the epigenetic and genetic level. The results suggest that there are breeder-dependent differences in vulnerability to stress in the CMS model of depression, which might bear on the validity of the model and contribute to contradictory findings and difficulties of replication between laboratories. P11 mRNA expression seems to be differently regulated depending on the quality of the stress response evoked by CMS exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiebke Theilmann
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland; Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexandra Kleimann
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School Hannover, Germany
| | - Mathias Rhein
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefan Bleich
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School Hannover, Germany; Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
| | - Helge Frieling
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School Hannover, Germany; Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Löscher
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany; Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
| | - Claudia Brandt
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany; Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany.
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Haschemi Nassab M, Rhein M, Hagemeier L, Kaeser M, Muschler M, Glahn A, Pich A, Heberlein A, Kornhuber J, Bleich S, Frieling H, Hillemacher T. Impaired Regulation of ALDH2 Protein Expression Revealing a Yet Unknown Epigenetic Impact of rs886205 on Specific Methylation of a Negative Regulatory Promoter Region in Alcohol-Dependent Patients. Eur Addict Res 2016; 22:59-69. [PMID: 26339786 DOI: 10.1159/000381018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Acetaldehyde, the carcinogenic metabolite of ethanol known to provoke aversive symptoms of alcohol consumption, is predominantly eliminated by aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2). Reduced ALDH2 activity correlates with low alcohol tolerance and low risk for alcohol dependence. The ALDH2 promoter polymorphism rs886205 (A>G) is associated with decreased promoter activity, but a molecular mechanism and allele-dependent ALDH2 protein expression has not been described yet. On the basis of allele-dependent epigenetic effects, we analyzed the rs886205 genotype, methylation rates of cytosine-phosphatidyl-guanine (CpG)-sites within a regulatory promoter region and ALDH2 protein levels in 82 alcohol-dependent patients during a 2-week withdrawal and compared them to 34 matched controls. Patients without the G-allele of rs886205 showed higher methylation of the promoter region than controls and readily adapted epigenetically as well as on protein level during withdrawal, while patients with the G-allele displayed retarded methylation readjustment and no change in ALDH2 protein levels. Our data provide novel insights into an unknown genetic-epigenetic interaction, revealing impaired ALDH2 protein expression in patients with the G-allele of rs886205. Additionally, we checked for an association between rs886205 and protection against alcohol dependence and found a trend association between the G-allele and protection against alcohol dependence that needs replication in a larger Caucasian cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mani Haschemi Nassab
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Muschler M, Rhein M, Frieling H, Hillemacher T, Bleich S. P-68ALTERATIONS OF THE POMC-PROMOTER-METHYLATION AND ITS DERIVATIVE ALPHA-MSH IN A RODENT MODEL FOR ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE. Alcohol Alcohol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agv080.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Glahn A, Rhein M, Knorrenschild RR, Nassab MH, Gröschl M, Heberlein A, Muschler M, Frieling H, Bleich S, Hillemacher T. P-07THE EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF GATA4-DEPENDENT BRAIN NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE (BNP) EXPRESSION IN ALCOHOL DEPENDENT PATIENTS DURING DETOXIFICATION TREATMENT. Alcohol Alcohol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agv080.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Rhein M, Hagemeier L, Klintschar M, Muschler M, Bleich S, Frieling H. DNA methylation results depend on DNA integrity-role of post mortem interval. Front Genet 2015; 6:182. [PMID: 26042147 PMCID: PMC4435253 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2015.00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Major questions of neurological and psychiatric mechanisms involve the brain functions on a molecular level and cannot be easily addressed due to limitations in access to tissue samples. Post mortem studies are able to partly bridge the gap between brain tissue research retrieved from animal trials and the information derived from peripheral analysis (e.g., measurements in blood cells) in patients. Here, we wanted to know how fast DNA degradation is progressing under controlled conditions in order to define thresholds for tissue quality to be used in respective trials. Our focus was on the applicability of partly degraded samples for bisulfite sequencing and the determination of simple means to define cut-off values. After opening the brain cavity, we kept two consecutive pig skulls at ambient temperature (19–21°C) and removed cortex tissue up to a post mortem interval (PMI) of 120 h. We calculated the percentage of degradation on DNA gel electrophoresis of brain DNA to estimate quality and relate this estimation spectrum to the quality of human post mortem control samples. Functional DNA quality was investigated by bisulfite sequencing of two functionally relevant genes for either the serotonin receptor 5 (SLC6A4) or aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2). Testing our approach in a heterogeneous collective of human blood and brain samples, we demonstrate integrity of measurement quality below the threshold of 72 h PMI. While sequencing technically worked for all timepoints irrespective of conceivable DNA degradation, there is a good correlation between variance of methylation to degradation levels documented in the gel (R2 = 0.4311, p = 0.0392) for advancing post mortem intervals (PMI). This otherwise elusive phenomenon is an important prerequisite for the interpretation and evaluation of samples prior to in-depth processing via an affordable and easy assay to estimate identical sample quality and thereby comparable methylation measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Rhein
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry, and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School Hannover, Germany ; Department of Legal Medicine, Hannover Medical School Hannover, Germany
| | - Lars Hagemeier
- Department of Legal Medicine, Hannover Medical School Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Marc Muschler
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry, and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefan Bleich
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry, and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School Hannover, Germany
| | - Helge Frieling
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry, and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School Hannover, Germany
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Heberlein A, Käser M, Lichtinghagen R, Rhein M, Lenz B, Kornhuber J, Bleich S, Hillemacher T. TNF-α and IL-6 serum levels: neurobiological markers of alcohol consumption in alcohol-dependent patients? Alcohol 2014; 48:671-6. [PMID: 25262503 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in 30 male alcohol-dependent patients during withdrawal (day 1, 7, and 14) and compared them with the levels obtained from 18 healthy male controls. IL-6 (day 1: T = 2,593, p = 0.013; day 7: T = 2,315, p = 0.037; day 14: T = 1,650, p = 0.112) serum levels were significantly increased at the beginning of alcohol withdrawal. TNF-α (T = 3,202, p = 0.03) serum levels were significantly elevated in the patients' group during the whole period of withdrawal. IL-6 serum levels decreased significantly during withdrawal (F = 16.507, p < 0.001), whereas TNF-α levels did not change significantly (day 1-14). IL-6 serum levels were directly associated with alcohol consumption (r = 0.392, p = 0.047) on day 1. Moreover, the IL-6 serum levels were associated with alcohol craving (PACS total score day 1: r = -0.417, p = 0.022, the score of the obsessive subscale of the OCDS on day 14 [r = -0.549, p = 0.022]), depression (r = -0.507, p = 0.005), and trait anxiety (r = -0.674, p < 0.001) on day 1. We found an association with the duration of active drinking following the last period of abstinence and the TNF-α serum levels (day 1:r = 0.354, p = 0.009; day 7: r = 0.323, p = 0.022; day 14: r = 0.303, p = 0.034) as well as an association with the severity of alcohol dependence measured by the SESA scale (r = 0.454, p = 0.015). Moreover, we found a significant association between the BDNF serum levels and the TNF-α serum levels (r = -0.426, p = 0.021). Our results support an association between alterations in TNF-α and IL-6 serum levels and alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie Heberlein
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School Hanover, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Marius Käser
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School Hanover, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Mathias Rhein
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School Hanover, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Bernd Lenz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Bleich
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School Hanover, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Hillemacher
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School Hanover, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
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Hillemacher T, Frieling H, Bleich S, Rhein M, Haschemi-Nassab M. EPA-0232 - Epigenetic alteration in ALDH2-metabolism in alcohol-dependent patients. Eur Psychiatry 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(14)77686-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Glahn A, Riera Knorrenschild R, Rhein M, Haschemi Nassab M, Gröschl M, Heberlein A, Muschler M, Frieling H, Bleich S, Hillemacher T. Alcohol-induced changes in methylation status of individual CpG sites, and serum levels of vasopressin and atrial natriuretic peptide in alcohol-dependent patients during detoxification treatment. Eur Addict Res 2014; 20:143-50. [PMID: 24356727 DOI: 10.1159/000357473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Disturbances of volume-regulating peptides like vasopressin (AVP) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) have been described in early abstinent alcohol-dependent patients. In a longitudinal approach, we investigated whether changes in AVP and ANP serum levels correlated to cytosine-phosphatidyl-guanine (CpG) methylation of the respective gene promoters on days 1, 7 and 14 of alcohol withdrawal. We analyzed the blood samples of 99 patients suffering from alcohol dependence alongside age- and BMI-matched controls. Concerning AVP promoter methylation, we observed an interaction between time of measurement and CpG loci with CpG 2 showing a significant increase in methylation from day 1 to 14. Serum levels of AVP were significantly decreased in the patient group. Compared to healthy controls, promoter-related DNA methylation of the ANP promoter was significantly reduced on days 7 and 14. Moreover, we detected a significant interaction between CpG position and group. In both cases the difference was mainly observed at CpG 1. The present study shows significant changes in the methylation status of individual CpG sites of AVP and ANP. Observing respective alterations of AVP serum protein levels in alcohol-dependent patients during detoxification treatment, we consider methylation as a possible mode of regulation for these proteins during alcohol detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Glahn
- Center for Addiction Research (CARe), Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Rhein M, Muschler MR, Krauss JK, Bleich S, Frieling H, Schwabe K. Hypomethylation of neuregulin in rats selectively bred for reduced sensorimotor gating. Schizophr Res 2013; 150:262-5. [PMID: 23899995 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2013.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Revised: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Low prepulse inhibition (PPI) of startle is associated with reduced sensorimotor gating found in schizophrenia. In rats with breeding-induced low PPI neuregulin (NRG1) methylation was significantly decreased in brain regions associated with this phenotype and with schizophrenia, i.e., the medial prefrontal cortex, the nucleus accumbens, and the ventral hippocampus, while methylation in the amygdala and dorsal hippocampus was less affected. The dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) promoter region showed negligible changes between groups. Rats with low PPI may be used to understand the reduced epigenetic regulation found in schizophrenia, and eventually lead to the development of novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Rhein
- Molecular Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
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Hinrichsen HH, Rhein M, Käse RH, Zenk W. The Mediterranean water tongue and its chlorofluoromethane signal in the Iberian Basin in early summer 1989. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/93jc00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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41
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Haschemi Nassab M, Mitschke A, Suchy MT, Gutzki FM, Zoerner AA, Rhein M, Hillemacher T, Frieling H, Jordan J, Tsikas D. Stable-isotope dilution GC-MS method for ethanol in vapour ethanol and microdialysis systems based on carbonate-catalyzed extractive pentafluorobenzoylation. Analyst 2012; 137:2480-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c2an16135d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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42
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Eberlein CK, Buchholz V, Rhein M, Wilhelm J, Kornhuber J, de Zwaan M, Bleich S, Frieling H. How the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) shapes the phenotype in eating disorders: a role for genotype and promoter methylation. Pharmacopsychiatry 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1292469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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43
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Rhein M, Schwarzer A, Yang M, Kaever V, Brugman M, Meyer J, Ganser A, Baum C, Li Z. Leukemias induced by altered TRK-signaling are sensitive to mTOR inhibitors in preclinical models. Ann Hematol 2010; 90:283-92. [PMID: 20821325 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-010-1065-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2010] [Accepted: 08/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rapamycin is a potent allosteric mTORC1 inhibitor with clinical applications as an anticancer agent. However, only a fraction of cancer patients responds to the drug, and no biomarkers are available to predict tumor sensitivity. Recently, we and others have obtained evidence for potential involvement of tropomyosin-related kinase (TRK) receptor protein tyrosine kinases (TRKA, TRKB, TRKC) in leukemia. In the present study, we tested the therapeutic effect of Rapamycin and its analog RAD001 on altered TRK-induced leukemia in a murine model. Daily treatment with Rapamycin (2 mg/kg) or RAD001 (1 mg/kg) significantly prolonged the survival of treated animals (n = 40) compared with the placebo group. Consistently, both mTOR and S6 proteins were strongly dephosphorylated in vitro and in vivo after treatment with Rapamycin or RAD001. However, Rapamycin did not completely inhibit mTORC1-dependent phosphorylation of 4E-BP1. With exception of one mouse showing slight reactivation of Akt after treatment, no reactivation of MAPK or Akt pathways was observed in other resistant tumors. Interestingly, leukemic cells isolated from a Rapamycin-resistant mouse were still highly sensitive to Rapamycin in vitro. Our findings suggest that altered TRK signaling may be a good predictor of tumor sensitivity to mTOR inhibition and that pathways other than MAPK and Akt exist that may trigger resistance of leukemic cells to Rapamycin in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Rhein
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, Hannover, Germany
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Mauldin A, Schlosser P, Newton R, Smethie WM, Bayer R, Rhein M, Jones EP. The velocity and mixing time scale of the Arctic Ocean Boundary Current estimated with transient tracers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jc005965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Meyer J, Rhein M, Schiedlmeier B, Kustikova O, Rudolph C, Kamino K, Neumann T, Yang M, Wahlers A, Fehse B, Reuther GW, Schlegelberger B, Ganser A, Baum C, Li Z. Remarkable leukemogenic potency and quality of a constitutively active neurotrophin receptor, ΔTrkA. Leukemia 2007; 21:2171-80. [PMID: 17673903 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2404882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Neurotrophins and their receptors play a key role in neurogenesis and survival. However, we and others have recently obtained evidence for a potential involvement of this receptor system in leukemia. To investigate mechanisms underlying the leukemogenic potential of activated neurotrophin receptor signaling, we analyzed in vivo leukemogenesis mediated by deltaTrkA, a mutant of TRKA (tropomyosin-related kinase A) isolated from a patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Retroviral expression of deltaTrkA in myeloid 32D cells induced AML in syngeneic C3H/Hej mice (n=11/11, latency approximately 4 weeks). C57Bl/6J mice transplanted with deltaTrkA-transduced primary lineage negative (Lin-) bone marrow cells died of a transient polyclonal AML (n=7/15, latency of <12 days). Serial transplantation of AML cells did not re-induce this disease but rather acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL, latency >78 days). All primary recipients surviving the early AML developed clonal ALL or myeloid leukemia (latency >72 days) that required additional genetic lesions. PI3K and mTOR-raptor were identified as the crucial mediators of leukemic transformation, whereas STAT and MAP kinase signaling pathways were not activated. Thus, our findings reveal potent and unique transforming properties of altered neurotrophin receptor signaling in leukemogenesis, and encourage further analyses of neurotrophin receptors and downstream signaling events in hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Meyer
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Li Z, Kustikova OS, Kamino K, Neumann T, Rhein M, Grassman E, Fehse B, Baum C. Insertional Mutagenesis by Replication-Deficient Retroviral Vectors Encoding the Large T Oncogene. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2007; 1106:95-113. [PMID: 17395733 DOI: 10.1196/annals.1392.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Insertion sites of replication-deficient retroviral vectors may trigger clonal dominance of hematopoietic cells in vivo. Here, we tested whether this would also be the case when using vectors that express powerful oncogenes, such as the large tumor antigen (TAg) of simian virus 40. TAg inactivates the tumor-suppressor proteins p53 and Rb by virtue of a chaperone-like activity. Primary hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells transduced with retroviral vectors encoding TAg-induced histiocytic sarcoma (HS) or myeloid leukemia (ML) in transplanted mice (average survival of 21 weeks). Retrovirally introducing TAg into pretransformed 32D cells generated a monocytic leukemia, with faster kinetics ( approximately 8 weeks). Leukemic clones showed retroviral insertions in genes contributing to all known TAg cooperation pathways, acting mitogenic and/or modulating apoptosis (such as BclX, Crk, Pim2, Csfr1/Pdgfrb, Osm/Lif, Axl, Fli, Sema4b, Sox4). 32D-derived monocytic leukemias showed hits in Pim2 and Max proto-oncogenes, or the chaperone Hspa4, plus additional signaling genes. Vector-mediated insertional mutagenesis thus revealed a broad spectrum of potential TAg complementation genes. These findings have important implications for the use of retroviral transgenesis in cancer research, and the expression of signaling genes in somatic gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiong Li
- Department of Experimental Hematology, OE6960, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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Abstract
Early stages of T cell development are thought to include a series of coordinated interactions between thymocytes and other cells of the thymus. A monoclonal antibody specific for mouse CD81 was identified that blocked the appearance of alpha beta but not gamma delta T cells in fetal organ cultures initiated with day 14.5 thymus lobes. In reaggregation cultures with CD81-transfected fibroblasts, CD4-CD8- thymocytes differentiated into CD4+CD8+ T cells. Thus, interactions between immature thymocytes and stromal cells expressing CD81 are required and may be sufficient to induce early events associated with T cell development.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- Antigens, CD/physiology
- Base Sequence
- CD4 Antigens/analysis
- CD8 Antigens/analysis
- CHO Cells
- Cell Differentiation
- Cricetinae
- Membrane Proteins/immunology
- Membrane Proteins/physiology
- Mice
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Organ Culture Techniques
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/analysis
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/analysis
- Stromal Cells/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/cytology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- Tetraspanin 28
- Thymus Gland/cytology
- Thymus Gland/immunology
- Transfection
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Affiliation(s)
- R Boismenu
- Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Rhein M, Barth R, Ditzel E, Feldmeier H, Kankeleit E, Lips V, Müntz C, Nörenberg W, Oeschler H, Piechaczek A, Polai W, Schall I. Elastoplasticity in dissipative heavy-ion collisions. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1994; 49:250-265. [PMID: 9969218 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.49.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Rhein M, Barth R, Ditzel E, Feldmeier H, Kankeleit E, Lips V, Müntz C, Nörenberg W, Oeschler H, Piechaczek A, Polai W, Schall I. Evidence for elastoplasticity in dissipative heavy-ion collisions. Phys Rev Lett 1992; 69:1340-1343. [PMID: 10047192 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.69.1340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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