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Delgadillo JA, Espinoza-Flores LA, López-Magaña D, Hernández H, Keller M, Chesneau D, Lainé AL, Chemineau P. Maintenance of permanent sexual activity throughout the year in seasonal bucks using short photoperiodic cycles in open barns. Animal 2024; 18:101041. [PMID: 38103431 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2023.101041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Seasonality of reproductive activity in rams and bucks is the major constraint in temperate and subtropical zones. Rapid alternation between 1 month of short days and 1 month of long days (LD) over three years in lightproof buildings eliminates this seasonality. We examined if this would also work in open barns, using only supplementary light. Over two years, one group of bucks (n = 7) was subjected to alternate 1 month of LD and 1 month of permanent light (LD-LL) and another group (n = 7) to alternate 1 month of LD and 1 month of natural light (LD-NL). A simultaneous control group, used for both experiments (CG1, n = 6; CG2, n = 6), remained under natural photoperiod. BW, testis weight (TW), plasma testosterone (T) and cortisol (C) were evaluated in all bucks. CG1 and CG2 bucks showed identical dramatic seasonal variations in BW (stable or decreasing in summer), TW (from 85 ± 12 g in February to 127 ± 7 g in July) and T (from 2.7 ± 1.2 ng/mL in January-April to 24.3 ± 3.2 ng/mL in June-October). By contrast, BW of LD-LL and LD-NL bucks increased regularly during the experiment. From 5 and 9 months after the experiment onset, LD-LL and LD-NL bucks, respectively, maintained constant TW of 115 ± 5 g until the experiment end. After the first 3 months <5 ng/mL, T of LD-LL bucks remained constant (5-10 ng/mL) until the experiment end. By contrast, T of LD-NL bucks showed four periods of low (<5 ng/mL) and two periods of high concentrations (18.1 ± 2.6 and 11.9 ± 3.4 ng/mL). Plasma C remained low (5-8 ng/mL) and did not change with group or light treatment. These results show for the first time in any seasonal photoperiodic species that it is possible to maintain the sexual activity of males all year round in open buildings using alternating periods of LD and LL. By contrast, return to NL instead of LL every other month does not prevent seasonality in T concentration. These results raise interesting questions about the photoperiodic control of neuroendocrine regulation of seasonal sexual activity and suggest that these treatments can be used to manage males in open barns in farms and in artificial insemination centres. (Spanish and French versions of the full text are available as Supplementary Materials S1 and S2).
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Delgadillo
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Caprina (CIRCA), Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, 27054 Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - L A Espinoza-Flores
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Caprina (CIRCA), Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, 27054 Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - D López-Magaña
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Caprina (CIRCA), Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, 27054 Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - H Hernández
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Caprina (CIRCA), Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, 27054 Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - M Keller
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, CNRS, IFCE, INRAE, Université de Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - D Chesneau
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, CNRS, IFCE, INRAE, Université de Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - A L Lainé
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, CNRS, IFCE, INRAE, Université de Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - P Chemineau
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, CNRS, IFCE, INRAE, Université de Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France.
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Sherban A, Keller M. Recurrence of Metastatic Crohn's Disease after Surgical Resection. Skinmed 2023; 21:366-369. [PMID: 37945367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
A 36-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with a 1-day history of purulent perianal and vulvar discharge. She had a 25-year history of Crohn's disease (CD), and 13 years prior had received a total colectomy with end ileostomy. She had vulvar biopsies 5 years prior to presentation, demonstrating noncaseating granulomas consistent with metastatic Crohn's disease (MCD). Throughout the course of her disease, she had a failed treatment with adalimumab, certolizumab, methotrexate, and 6-mercaptopurine. She had received a radical vulvectomy 1 year prior to presenting to control recurrent vulvar abscesses and MCD while receiving monthly subcutaneous infliximab 10 mg/kg body weight. Dermatology was consulted at presentation, and the physical examination revealed tender, linear ulcerations with a granulated appearance and depigmentation on the natal cleft and vulva (Figures 1 and 2). Computerized tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen and pelvis indicated thickening of soft tissue without evidence of abscesses, fluid collection, or fistulae. Given the distribution and morphology of lesions with a history of biopsy-proven MCD, the patient was diagnosed with a flare of MCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Sherban
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Matthew Keller
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA;
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Sherban A, Brockmeyer K, Cross D, Keller M. Quality of Life in Dermatology Patients on Anti-Cytokine Biologics during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Skinmed 2023; 21:294-298. [PMID: 37771028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Sherban
- The Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Kayla Brockmeyer
- The Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Devon Cross
- The Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Matthew Keller
- The Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA;
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Sherban A, Keller M. Telehealth and Inpatient Dermatology Consults: Results of Surveys to Primary Providers during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Skinmed 2023; 21:216-218. [PMID: 37634113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Sherban
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Matthew Keller
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA;
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Runnebaum IB, Kather A, Vorwergk J, Cruz JJ, Mothes AR, Beteta CR, Boer J, Keller M, Pölcher M, Mustea A, Sehouli J. Ovarian cancer prevention by opportunistic salpingectomy is a new de facto standard in Germany. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:6953-6966. [PMID: 36847838 PMCID: PMC10374707 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04578-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The most prevalent and aggressive subtype of epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC), high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC), originates in many cases from the fallopian tubes. Because of poor prognosis and lack of effective screening for early detection, opportunistic salpingectomy (OS) for prevention of EOC is being implemented into clinical routine in several countries worldwide. Taking the opportunity of a gynecological surgery in women at average cancer risk, extramural fallopian tubes are completely resected preserving the ovaries with their infundibulopelvic blood supply. Until recently, only 13 of the 130 national partner societies of the International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology (FIGO) have published a statement on OS. This study aimed to analyze the acceptance of OS in Germany. METHODS (1) Survey of German gynecologists in 2015 and 2022 by the Department of Gynecology of the Jena University Hospital in co-operation with the Department of Gynecology at Charité-University Medicine Berlin with support of NOGGO e. V. and AGO e. V. (2) Salpingectomy numbers in Germany for years 2005-2020 as retrieved from the Federal Statistical Office of Germany (Destatis). RESULTS (1) Survey: Number of participants was 203 in 2015 and 166 in 2022, respectively. Nearly all respondents (2015: 92%, 2022: 98%) have already performed bilateral salpingectomy without oophorectomy in combination with benign hysterectomy with the intention to reduce the risk for malignant (2015: 96%, 2022: 97%) and benign (2015: 47%, 2022: 38%) disorders. Compared to 2015 (56.6%), considerably more survey participants performed OS in > 50% or in all cases in 2022 (89.0%). Recommendation of OS for all women with completed family planning at benign pelvic surgery was approved by 68% in 2015 and 74% in 2022. (2) Case number analysis: In 2020, four times more cases of salpingectomy were reported by German public hospitals compared to 2005 (n = 50,398 vs. n = 12,286). Of all inpatient hysterectomies in German hospitals in 2020, 45% were combined with salpingectomy, and more than 65% in women at the age of 35 to 49 years. CONCLUSION Mounting scientific plausibility regarding involvement of fallopian tubes in the pathogenesis of EOC led to change of clinical acceptance of OS in many countries including in Germany. Case number data and widespread expert judgment demonstrate that OS has become a routine procedure in Germany and a de facto standard for primary prevention of EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- I B Runnebaum
- Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller-University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany.
| | - A Kather
- Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller-University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - J Vorwergk
- Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller-University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - J J Cruz
- Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller-University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatal Medicine, Bonn University Hospital, Sigmund Freud Street 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - A R Mothes
- Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller-University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
- Department of Gynecology, St. Georg Hospital Eisenach, Academic Teaching Hospital of University of Jena, Muehlhaeuser Str. 94, 99817, Eisenach, Germany
| | - C R Beteta
- Department of Gynecology with Center for Oncological Surgery, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Boer
- Nord-Ostdeutsche Gesellschaft für Gynaekologische Onkologie (NOGGO e.V.), Schwedenstraße 9, 13359, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Keller
- Nord-Ostdeutsche Gesellschaft für Gynaekologische Onkologie (NOGGO e.V.), Schwedenstraße 9, 13359, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Pölcher
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Minimal Invasive Surgery, Rotkreuzklinikum München Frauenklinik, Taxisstraße 3, 80637, München, Germany
| | - A Mustea
- Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - J Sehouli
- Department of Gynecology with Center for Oncological Surgery, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Nord-Ostdeutsche Gesellschaft für Gynaekologische Onkologie (NOGGO e.V.), Schwedenstraße 9, 13359, Berlin, Germany
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Keller M, Ross D, Bhorade S, Agbor-Enoh S. Study Design for a Randomized Control Trial of Lung Allograft Monitoring with Blood Donor-Derived Cell-Free DNA Assessments (LAMBDA 001). J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Wong DG, Monda S, Vetter J, Lai H, Olsen MA, Keller M, Desai A. Time Course and Risk Factors for Repeat Procedures After Ureteroscopy or Shockwave Lithotripsy. Urology 2023; 174:42-47. [PMID: 36574909 PMCID: PMC10494519 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2022.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine risk factors and time course for repeat procedures after ureteroscopy (URS) or shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) procedure using a large employer-based claims database. METHODS We identified all patients who underwent treatment for ureteral or renal stone with URS or SWL from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2014 using the IBM MarketScan Commercial Database. Repeat stone procedure was evaluated after a 90-day grace period from the index procedure. Patients were followed until December 31, 2017. We performed multivariate analyses using Cox proportional hazards to determine independent risk factors for repeat procedure after the initial stone removal. RESULTS A total of 189,739 patients underwent a SWL or URS and were included in the study. The incidence of repeat procedure per 100 person years was 6.8, and 4.4 after SWL and URS, respectively. The median time to reoperation was 12.5 months for SWL and 14.6 months for URS. On multivariable analysis, SWL was associated with an increased risk of repeat procedure compared to URS. (HR = 1.63). Paralysis, neurogenic bladder and inflammatory bowel disease were also associated with an increased risk of repeat procedure (HR = 1.66, 1.40, and 1.36 respectively) CONCLUSION: In a large national cohort, patients with paralysis and neurogenic bladder had a significantly higher risk of repeat stone procedure. SWL was associated with higher risk of repeat procedure than URS. Urologists can use these data to identify and counsel patients at high risk for need for recurrent procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel G Wong
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urologic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO.
| | - Steve Monda
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA
| | - Joel Vetter
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urologic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Henry Lai
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urologic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO; Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Margaret A Olsen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Matthew Keller
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Alana Desai
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urologic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
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Heiden BT, Keller M, Meyers BF, Puri V, Olsen MA, Kozower BD. Assessment of short readmissions following elective pulmonary lobectomy. Am J Surg 2023; 225:220-225. [PMID: 35970614 PMCID: PMC9900449 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2022.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reducing readmissions is critical for improving patient care and lowering costs. Despite this, few studies have assessed length of readmission following pulmonary lobectomy. METHODS Using the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project New York State Inpatient Database, we identified adult patients undergoing elective pulmonary lobectomy (2007-2015) and assessed readmission within 30 days of hospital discharge. We analyzed the relationship between length of readmission and post-operative morbidity and mortality as well as primary diagnoses at readmission. RESULTS Of 19947 included patients, 2173 (10.9%) were readmitted within 30 days. The median (IQR) length of readmission was 5 (2-8) days. Longer length of readmission was associated with significantly higher likelihood of major complication (for every 1-day increase, aOR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.12-1.17, p < 0.001) and mortality (aOR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.02-1.04, p < 0.001) within 90 days. Primary diagnosis codes at readmission differed significantly with length of readmission. CONCLUSIONS Interventions that target short readmissions may help to prevent a proportion of readmissions following elective lung resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan T Heiden
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States; Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.
| | - Matthew Keller
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Bryan F Meyers
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Varun Puri
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Margaret A Olsen
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Benjamin D Kozower
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
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Steinberger AE, Nickel KB, Keller M, Wallendorf M, Sprague J, Nicol GE, Dimou FM, Eagon JC, Eckhouse SR, Shakhsheer BA. National Trends in Pediatric Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery: 2010-2017. Pediatrics 2022; 150:189942. [PMID: 36373280 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2022-057316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The childhood obesity epidemic has grown exponentially and is known to disproportionately affect minority groups. Successful treatment of this complex health issue requires a multidisciplinary approach including metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) for qualifying pediatric patients. This study examines current national trends in pediatric bariatric surgery from 2010 to 2017 using the National Inpatient Sample. METHODS This study analyzed MBS among pediatric patients <19 years old using weighted discharge data from 2010 to 2017. The primary outcome was national procedure rates. Secondary analyses included procedure type, demographics, BMI, comorbidities, length of stay, and complication rates. RESULTS From 2010 to 2017, annual bariatric procedure rates increased from 2.29 to 4.62 per 100 000 (P < .001). Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy outpaced Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and laparoscopic adjustable gastric band over time (0.31-3.99 per 100 000, P < .0001). The mean age was stable over time 18.10-17.96 (P = .78). The cohort was primarily female (76.5% to 75.4%), white (54.0% to 45.0%), and privately-insured (59.9% to 53.4%). Preoperative BMI increased from 2010 to 2017 (P < .001), whereas number of obesity-related comorbidities was stable (P > .05). Length of stay was <2 days (2.02-1.75, P = .04) and in-hospital complication rates were low (7.2% to 6.45%, P = .88). CONCLUSIONS Pediatric MBS is underutilized nationally with disproportionately lower rates among minority groups. Despite incremental progress, further investigation into the racial and social determinants that limit access to pediatric weight loss surgery is critical.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katelin B Nickel
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Matthew Keller
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | | | | | - Ginger E Nicol
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry
| | | | | | | | - Baddr A Shakhsheer
- Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO
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Wang CX, Buss JL, Keller M, Anadkat MJ. Factors Associated With Dermatologic Follow-up vs Emergency Department Return in Patients With Hidradenitis Suppurativa After an Initial Emergency Department Visit. JAMA Dermatol 2022; 158:1378-1386. [PMID: 36287553 PMCID: PMC9607935 DOI: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2022.4610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Importance Emergency department (ED) visitation is common for the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), whereas dermatology outpatient care is low. The reasons underlying this differential follow-up have not been elucidated. Objective To assess the interventions and patient factors associated with ED return following an initial ED visit for HS. Design, Setting, and Participants This retrospective cohort study used data from the IBM® MarketScan® Commercial and Multi-State Medicaid databases (trademark symbols retained per database owner requirement). An HS cohort was formed from patients who had 2 or more claims for HS during the study period of 2010 to 2019 and with at least 1 ED visit for their HS or a defined proxy. Data were analyzed from November 2021 to May 2022. Exposures Factors analyzed included those associated with the ED visit and patient characteristics. Main Outcomes and Measures Primary outcomes were return to the ED or dermatology outpatient follow-up for HS or related proxy within 30 or 180 days of index ED visit. Results This retrospective cohort study included 20 269 patients with HS (median [IQR] age, 32 [25-41] years; 16 804 [82.9%] female patients), of which 7455 (36.8%) had commercial insurance and 12 814 (63.2%) had Medicaid. A total of 9737 (48.0%) patients had incision and drainage performed at the index ED visit, 14 725 (72.6%) received an oral antibiotic prescription, and 9913 (48.9%) received an opioid medication prescription. A total of 3484 (17.2%) patients had at least 1 return ED visit for HS or proxy within 30 days, in contrast with 483 (2.4%) who had a dermatology visit (P < .001). Likewise, 6893 (34.0%) patients had a return ED visit for HS or proxy within 180 days, as opposed to 1374 (6.8%) with a dermatology visit (P < .001). Patients with Medicaid and patients who had an opioid prescribed were more likely to return to the ED for treatment of their disease (odds ratio [OR], 1.48; 95% CI, 1.38-1.58; and OR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.39-1.58, respectively, within 180 days) and, conversely, less likely to have dermatology follow-up (OR, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.14-0.18; and OR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.71-0.91, respectively, within 180 days). Conclusions and Relevance This cohort study suggests that many patients with HS frequent the ED for their disease but are not subsequently seen in the dermatology clinic for ongoing care. The findings in this study raise the opportunity for cross-specialty interventions that could be implemented to better connect patients with HS to longitudinal care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia X. Wang
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Joanna L. Buss
- Institute for Informatics, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Matthew Keller
- Institute for Informatics, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Milan J. Anadkat
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
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Lyons PG, Bhavani SV, Mody A, Bewley A, Dittman K, Doyle A, Windham SL, Patel TM, Raju BN, Keller M, Churpek MM, Calfee CS, Michelson AP, Kannampallil T, Geng EH, Sinha P. Hospital trajectories and early predictors of clinical outcomes differ between SARS-CoV-2 and influenza pneumonia. EBioMedicine 2022; 85:104295. [PMID: 36202054 PMCID: PMC9527494 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A comparison of pneumonias due to SARS-CoV-2 and influenza, in terms of clinical course and predictors of outcomes, might inform prognosis and resource management. We aimed to compare clinical course and outcome predictors in SARS-CoV-2 and influenza pneumonia using multi-state modelling and supervised machine learning on clinical data among hospitalised patients. METHODS This multicenter retrospective cohort study of patients hospitalised with SARS-CoV-2 (March-December 2020) or influenza (Jan 2015-March 2020) pneumonia had the composite of hospital mortality and hospice discharge as the primary outcome. Multi-state models compared differences in oxygenation/ventilatory utilisation between pneumonias longitudinally throughout hospitalisation. Differences in predictors of outcome were modelled using supervised machine learning classifiers. FINDINGS Among 2,529 hospitalisations with SARS-CoV-2 and 2,256 with influenza pneumonia, the primary outcome occurred in 21% and 9%, respectively. Multi-state models differentiated oxygen requirement progression between viruses, with SARS-CoV-2 manifesting rapidly-escalating early hypoxemia. Highly contributory classifier variables for the primary outcome differed substantially between viruses. INTERPRETATION SARS-CoV-2 and influenza pneumonia differ in presentation, hospital course, and outcome predictors. These pathogen-specific differential responses in viral pneumonias suggest distinct management approaches should be investigated. FUNDING This project was supported by NIH/NCATS UL1 TR002345, NIH/NCATS KL2 TR002346 (PGL), the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation grant 2015215 (PGL), NIH/NHLBI R35 HL140026 (CSC), and a Big Ideas Award from the BJC HealthCare and Washington University School of Medicine Healthcare Innovation Lab and NIH/NIGMS R35 GM142992 (PS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick G. Lyons
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States,Healthcare Innovation Lab, BJC HealthCare, St. Louis, MO, United States,Corresponding author at: Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, MSC 8052-43-14, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States.
| | | | - Aaloke Mody
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Alice Bewley
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Katherine Dittman
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Aisling Doyle
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Samuel L. Windham
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Tej M. Patel
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Bharat Neelam Raju
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Matthew Keller
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Matthew M. Churpek
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Carolyn S. Calfee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Andrew P. Michelson
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States,Institute for Informatics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Thomas Kannampallil
- Institute for Informatics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States,Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Elvin H. Geng
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Pratik Sinha
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
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12
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Delgadillo JA, Espinoza-Flores LA, Abecia JA, Hernández H, Keller M, Chemineau P. Sexually active male goats stimulate the endocrine and sexual activities of other males in seasonal sexual rest through the "buck-to-buck effect". Domest Anim Endocrinol 2022; 81:106746. [PMID: 35750019 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2022.106746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Male goats rendered sexually active by exposure to a photoperiodic treatment are more efficient than untreated goats in stimulating LH secretion and ovulation in seasonally anestrous goats. This phenomenon is called the "male effect." Here, we determined whether sexually active bucks are able to stimulate the endocrine and sexual activities of other bucks in seasonal sexual rest through the phenomenon that we called the "buck-to-buck effect." We used bucks rendered sexually active (SA) during sexual rest by exposure to 2.5 mo of artificial long days (16 h of light per d) and untreated, sexually inactive (SI) bucks. In Experiment 1, we determined the short-term (21 d) LH and testosterone responses of sexually inactive bucks joined with a SA or SI buck. In Experiment 2, we determined the long-term (60 d) testosterone and sexual behavior responses of sexually inactive bucks joined with 2 SA or SI bucks. In Experiment 3, we determined the efficacy of bucks initially exposed to the buck-to-buck effect, the SABB bucks, to thereafter induce a "classical" male effect in seasonally anestrous goats. In Experiments 1 and 2, there was an interaction between time and groups in LH and testosterone plasma concentrations (P < 0.01). In Experiment 1, plasma LH concentrations were greater in bucks joined with a SA buck than in those joined with an SI buck (P < 0.05). In Experiments 1 and 2, testosterone concentrations were greater in bucks joined with SA bucks than in those joined with SI bucks (P < 0.05). In addition, in Experiment 2, the sexually inactive bucks joined with SA bucks displayed more nudging than those joined with SI bucks (P < 0.001). In Experiment 3, kidding rates did not differ between females joined with SA (34 of 40: 85%) or SABB bucks (32 of 40: 80%; P > 0.05). We concluded that the endocrine and sexual activities of bucks during sexual rest can be stimulated by SA bucks. In addition, SABB bucks are able to stimulate the reproductive activity of seasonally anestrous goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Delgadillo
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Caprina (CIRCA), Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico.
| | - L A Espinoza-Flores
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Caprina (CIRCA), Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - J A Abecia
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, IUCA, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - H Hernández
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Caprina (CIRCA), Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - M Keller
- UMR Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRAE, CNRS, IFCE, Université de Tours, Agreenium, 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - P Chemineau
- UMR Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRAE, CNRS, IFCE, Université de Tours, Agreenium, 37380 Nouzilly, France
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Sehouli J, Oskay-Öczelik G, Zocholl D, Klemt AS, Bangemann N, Albrecht O, Strittmatter HJ, Wimberger P, Kaczerowsky A, Lorenz R, Ruhwedel W, Fehm T, Zahn A, Tome O, Markert M, Hager D, Zorr A, Keller M, Rittmeister H, Grabowski J. 1573P Developing a patient-related predictive model for the occurrence of CINV (NOGGO-EMRISK trial): Prospective, multicentre study in Germany. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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14
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Lacek KA, Rambo-Martin BL, Batra D, Zheng XY, Hassell N, Sakaguchi H, Peacock T, Groves N, Keller M, Wilson MM, Sheth M, Davis ML, Borroughs M, Gerhart J, Shepard SS, Cook PW, Lee J, Wentworth DE, Barnes JR, Kondor R, Paden CR. SARS-CoV-2 Delta-Omicron Recombinant Viruses, United States. Emerg Infect Dis 2022; 28:1442-1445. [PMID: 35551714 PMCID: PMC9239886 DOI: 10.3201/eid2807.220526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
To detect new and changing SARS-CoV-2 variants, we investigated candidate Delta-Omicron recombinant genomes from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention national genomic surveillance. Laboratory and bioinformatic investigations identified and validated 9 genetically related SARS-CoV-2 viruses with a hybrid Delta-Omicron spike protein.
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Sherban A, Critchlow E, Keller M. The Impact of COVID-19 on Inpatient Consultations and the Role of Telehealth: A Retrospective Cohort. Skinmed 2022; 20:197-204. [PMID: 35779025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Falls in non-COVID-19-related hospital admissions during the pandemic affected the reasons for dermatology consultation and mode of consultation delivery. In order to assess the impact of the pandemic and the effects of telehealth on the inpatient dermatology service, we compared consultations completed between March 17, 2020 and October 31, 2020 with the same period of 2019. Dermatology received fewer consultations for management assistance during the pandemic, possibly due to patients with chronic dermatoses not meeting admission criteria or avoiding hospitalization. Consultations were also less likely to require laboratory work, imaging, and biopsies in 2020, potentially due to frequent consultation of benign conditions enabled by telehealth and stricter enforcement of only completing the biopsies necessary for acute inpatient management. Despite the shift toward remote consultations in 2020, the impact on diagnosis and management remained unchanged compared to 2019. Providers were less likely to document clinical improvement in 2020, potentially attributable to inferior communication regarding management recommendations or an increase in diagnoses not expected to improve. While remote consultations allowed dermatologists to provide comparable care during the pandemic, further research on clinical outcomes of remote consultations is required to maximize its benefits to patients and the healthcare system. (SKINmed. 2022;20:197-204).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Sherban
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Elizabeth Critchlow
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA
- Jefferson College of Population Health, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Matthew Keller
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA;
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Motta C, Abraham A, Keller M, Bollard C. Immunotherapy: Late Breaking Abstract: GENERATION OF DONOR-DERIVED MULTI-VIRUS SPECIFIC T CELLS (VST) TARGETING CYTOMEGALOVIRUS (CMV), EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS (EBV), ADENOVIRUS, BK VIRUS AND SARS-COV2 TO PREVENT VIRAL INFECTION IN PATIENTS WITH SICKLE CELL DISEASE (SCD) AFTER BONE MARROW TRANSPLANT. Cytotherapy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465-3249(22)00360-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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Wang JV, Doan LT, Yang S, Saedi N, Keller M. Five Extracurricular Things Commonly Overlooked by Dermatology Residents. Skinmed 2022; 20:123-125. [PMID: 35532764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dermatology residents have 3 years to master core competencies related to the delivery of patient care, preservation of medical professionalism, and responsible use of health care; however, it is crucial for residents to recognize other things outside of their formal curriculum that are equally vital to their training. Over the years, we have observed residents and now offer our own perspectives. We have collectively observed five extracurricular aspects commonly overlooked by dermatology residents that are important to their education and future practice. (SKINmed. 2022;20:123-125).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan V Wang
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel College of Medicine at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA;
| | - Linda T Doan
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, College of Medicine, Irvine, CA
| | - Sherry Yang
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel College of Medicine at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Nazanin Saedi
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel College of Medicine at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Matthew Keller
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel College of Medicine at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
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18
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Keller M, Kreuzer M, Reidy B, Scheurer A, Guggenbühl B, Luder M, Frank J, Giller K. Effects on performance, carcass and meat quality of replacing maize silage and concentrate by grass silage and corn-cob mix in the diet of growing bulls. Meat Sci 2022; 188:108795. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2022.108795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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19
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García-Cruz OU, Tejada LM, Flores MJ, Nava-Rivera LE, López-Magaña N, Hernández H, Keller M, Chemineau P, Santiago-Moreno J, Delgadillo JA. A semi-extensive management system reduces plasma testosterone concentrations, sexual behaviour and sperm production in male goats from subtropical latitudes. Anim Prod Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1071/an22066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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20
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Keller M, Barnes R, Brandt C, Hepworth L. Splints and immobilisation approaches used for second to fifth metacarpal fractures: a systematic review. SA orthop j 2022. [DOI: 10.17159/2309-8309/2022/v21n2a3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The second to fifth metacarpal fractures are immobilised with splints, plaster of Paris (POP) or buddy strapping for a period of time. However, no recent evidence-based splinting and immobilisation programme exists for the management thereof, leaving a gap in the literature to inform clinical practice. This review aimed to review, appraise and collate the literature on splints and immobilisation approaches used for second to fifth metacarpal fractures after surgical and conservative management in adults aged 20 to 59 years. METHODS: The review included experimental study designs, quasi-experimental studies, cohort studies and case-control studies from January 2008 to September 2018. Two reviewers independently screened, selected, appraised and extracted data from the included studies. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guided the reporting. Joanna Briggs Institute (jBl) critical appraisal tools were used to assess the risk of bias for each included study. RESULTS: Database searches generated 1 005 articles with ten additional articles found on Google Scholar. Ten articles were included: two randomised controlled trials (RCTs), one quasi-RCT, four prospective studies, one retrospective record review, one retrospective study and one comparative study with descriptive reporting of the results. CONCLUSION: High level 1b evidence suggests that no reduction, a soft wrap and buddy strapping for three weeks with early active finger and wrist mobilisation are effective for individuals who sustained boxer's fractures with < 70° angulation. To guide clinical practice, high-level research is needed to determine the immobilisation of second to fifth metacarpal fracture types. Level of evidence: Level 2
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21
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Abstract
Inpatient dermatology has been shown to have profound effects on the care of hospitalized patients. However, dermatology consultations remain an underutilized resource. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate how dermatology affects the hospitalization of inpatients while highlighting the breadth of services provided. This cross-sectional retrospective study included all inpatient dermatology consultations completed at a large tertiary-care facility in an urban setting. It aimed to investigate the reasons for consultation, as well as the effects on diagnosis, management, disposition, and cutaneous condition by time of discharge. This study provides evidence supporting the integration of the dermatologist into the care of hospitalized patients by illuminating lesser-known areas of impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Sherban
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Matthew Keller
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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22
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Schoenberg E, Wang JV, Keller M. Impact of Psoriasis on Quality of Life: A Qualitative Study Focused on Patient Perspectives. Skinmed 2021; 19:438-439. [PMID: 35022115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic skin condition that can affect any part of the body, is often present in visible areas, and may occasionally be difficult to treat. Psoriasis can lead to depression and decreased quality of life. We performed a qualitative survey to examine patient perspectives on how psoriasis impacts their lives. Patients with psoriasis are vulnerable to embarrassment and stigmatization in public spaces, as well as discrimination at work, school, or in society. Further studies are needed to determine the best interventions for improving the quality of life in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Schoenberg
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jordan V Wang
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Matthew Keller
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA;
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23
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Keller M, Shreffler J, Wilmes K, Polites A, Huecker M. The authors respond: The impact of COVID 19 on homeless individuals. Am J Emerg Med 2021; 51:411. [PMID: 34840001 PMCID: PMC8592637 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2021.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Keller
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Louisville (UofL), United States of America.
| | - Jacob Shreffler
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Louisville (UofL), United States of America
| | - Kathleen Wilmes
- Undergraduate Medical Education, UofL, United States of America
| | - Andrew Polites
- Undergraduate Medical Education, UofL, United States of America
| | - Martin Huecker
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Louisville (UofL), United States of America
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24
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Schoenberg E, Keller M. Classic bedside diagnostic techniques. Clin Dermatol 2021; 39:563-572. [PMID: 34809762 DOI: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Correctly performing bedside diagnostic tests is an important fundamental skill for practicing dermatologists. Even with new technologies, bedside diagnostic tests have been useful in contemporary practice. When properly implemented, bedside diagnostic techniques can efficiently and economically aid in diagnosis and treatment. We have reviewed the most commonly used diagnostic procedures while considering them in their historical context, outlined the procedures for performing the tests, and discussed the relevance and regulatory requirements of the tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Schoenberg
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Matthew Keller
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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25
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Isaac R, Paul B, Finkel M, Moorthy M, Venkateswaran S, Bachmann TT, Pinnock H, Norrie J, Ramalingam S, Minz S, Hansdak S, Blythe R, Keller M, Muliyil J, Weller D. The burden of COVID-19 infection in a rural Tamil Nadu community. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:1110. [PMID: 34711193 PMCID: PMC8552615 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06787-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There have been over 30 million cases of COVID-19 in India and over 430,000 deaths. Transmission rates vary from region to region, and are influenced by many factors including population susceptibility, travel and uptake of preventive measures. To date there have been relatively few studies examining the impact of the pandemic in lower income, rural regions of India. We report on a study examining COVID-19 burden in a rural community in Tamil Nadu.
Methods The study was undertaken in a population of approximately 130,000 people, served by the Rural Unit of Health and Social Affairs (RUHSA), a community health center of CMC, Vellore. We established and evaluated a COVID-19 PCR-testing programme for symptomatic patients—testing was offered to 350 individuals, and household members of test-positive cases were offered antibody testing. We also undertook two COVID-19 seroprevalence surveys in the same community, amongst 701 randomly-selected individuals.
Results There were 182 positive tests in the symptomatic population (52.0%). Factors associated with test-positivity were older age, male gender, higher socioeconomic status (SES, as determined by occupation, education and housing), a history of diabetes, contact with a confirmed/suspected case and attending a gathering (such as a religious ceremony, festival or extended family gathering). Amongst test-positive cases, 3 (1.6%) died and 16 (8.8%) suffered a severe illness. Amongst 129 household contacts 40 (31.0%) tested positive. The two seroprevalence surveys showed positivity rates of 2.2% (July/Aug 2020) and 22.0% (Nov 2020). 40 tested positive (31.0%, 95% CI: 23.02 − 38.98). Our estimated infection-to-case ratio was 31.7. Conclusions A simple approach using community health workers and a community-based testing clinic can readily identify significant numbers of COVID-19 infections in Indian rural population. There appear, however, to be low rates of death and severe illness, although vulnerable groups may be under-represented in our sample. It’s vital these lower income, rural populations aren’t overlooked in ongoing pandemic monitoring and vaccine roll-out in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Isaac
- Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B Paul
- Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Finkel
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - M Moorthy
- Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Venkateswaran
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK
| | - T T Bachmann
- Infection Medicine, Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - H Pinnock
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK
| | - J Norrie
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK
| | - S Ramalingam
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK
| | - S Minz
- Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Hansdak
- Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Blythe
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK
| | - M Keller
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK
| | - J Muliyil
- Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - D Weller
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK.
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26
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Keller M, Shreffler J, Wilmes K, Polites A, Huecker M. Equal incidence of COVID-19 among homeless and non-homeless ED patients when controlling for confounders. Am J Emerg Med 2021; 53:286.e5-286.e7. [PMID: 34620530 PMCID: PMC8463297 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2021.09.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The World Health Organization (WHO) declared severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) a pandemic in March 2020. Theoretically, homeless patients could have disproportionately worse outcomes from COVID-19, but little research has corroborated this claim. This study aimed to examine the demographics and incidence of COVID-19 in homeless vs non-homeless emergency department (ED) patients. Methods This is a retrospective study of all patients seen in the University of Louisville Hospital Emergency Department (ULH ED) from March 2019 to December 2020, excluding January and February 2020. Data was collected from the Kentucky Homeless Management Information System (HMIS) and ULH electronic health records. Results A total of 51,532 unique patients had 87,869 visits during the study period. There was a 18.1% decrease in homeless patient visits over the time period, which was similar to the decrease in non-homeless patient visits (19.2%). In the total population, 9471 individuals had known COVID-19 testing results, with a total of 610 positive (6.4% positivity rate). Of the 712 homeless ED patients, 39 tested positive (5.5% positivity rate). After adjusting for age, gender identity, race, and insurance, there was no statistically significant difference in test positivity between homeless and non-homeless patients, OR 1.23 (0.88, 1.73). Homeless patients were less likely to be admitted to either the intensive care unit (ICU) or hospital (OR = 0.55, 95% CI: OR 0.51, 0.60) as they were more likely to be discharged (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.52, 1.79). Conclusion Previous literature has indicated that higher disease burden, lack of access to social distancing, and poor hygiene would increase the risk of homeless individuals contracting COVID-19 and experiencing serious morbidity. However, this study found that homelessness was not an independent risk factor for COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Keller
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Louisville (UofL), United States of America.
| | - Jacob Shreffler
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Louisville (UofL), United States of America
| | - Kathleen Wilmes
- Undergraduate Medical Education, UofL, United States of America
| | - Andrew Polites
- Undergraduate Medical Education, UofL, United States of America
| | - Martin Huecker
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Louisville (UofL), United States of America
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27
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Dimitrova D, Naghavi B, Richter R, Nasser S, Chekerov R, Braicu EI, David M, Blohmer J, Inci G, Torsten U, Oskay-Özcelik G, Blau I, Fersis N, Holzgreve A, Keil E, Keller M, Keilholz U, Sehouli J. Influence of migrant background on patient preference and expectations in breast and gynecological malignancies (NOGGO-expression V study): results of a prospective multicentre study in 606 patients in Germany. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:1018. [PMID: 34511112 PMCID: PMC8436522 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08731-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background An effective cross-cultural doctor-patient communication is vital for health literacy and patient compliance. Building a good relationship with medical staff is also relevant for the treatment decision-making process for cancer patients. Studies about the role of a specific migrant background regarding patient preferences and expectations are lacking. We therefore conducted a multicentre prospective survey to explore the needs and preferences of patients with a migrant background (PMB) suffering from gynecological malignancies and breast cancer to evaluate the quality of doctor-patient communication and cancer management compared to non-migrants (NM). Methods This multicentre survey recruited patients with primary or recurrence of breast, ovarian, peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer. The patients either filled out a paper form, participated via an online survey, or were interviewed by trained staff. A 58-item questionnaire was primarily developed in German and then translated into three different languages to reach non-German-speaking patients. Results A total of 606 patients were included in the study: 54.1% (328) were interviewed directly, 9.1% (55) participated via an online survey, and 36.8% (223) used the paper print version. More than one quarter, 27.4% (166) of the participants, had a migrant background. The majority of migrants and NM were highly satisfied with the communication with their doctors. First-generation migrants (FGM) and patients with breast cancer were less often informed about participation in clinical trials (p < 0.05) and 24.5% of them suggested the help of an interpreter to improve the medical consultation. Second and third-generation migrants (SGM and TGM) experienced more fatigue and nausea than expected. Conclusions Our results allow the hypothesis that training medical staff in intercultural competence and using disease-related patient information in different languages can improve best supportive care management and quality of life in cancer patients with migrant status. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08731-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Dimitrova
- Department of Gynecology with Center of Oncological Surgery, Charité University Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - B Naghavi
- Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - R Richter
- Department of Gynecology with Center of Oncological Surgery, Charité University Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - S Nasser
- Department of Gynecology with Center of Oncological Surgery, Charité University Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - R Chekerov
- Department of Gynecology with Center of Oncological Surgery, Charité University Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - E I Braicu
- Department of Gynecology with Center of Oncological Surgery, Charité University Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - M David
- Department of Gynecology with Center of Oncological Surgery, Charité University Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Blohmer
- Department of Gynecology and Breast Care Center, Charité University Medicine, Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - G Inci
- Department of Gynecology with Center of Oncological Surgery, Charité University Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - U Torsten
- Department of Gynecology, Vivantes Klinikum Neukölln Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - G Oskay-Özcelik
- Gynecological Oncology Medical Practice Berlin Spandau, Berlin, Germany
| | - I Blau
- Medical Care Center Evangelisches Waldkrankenhaus am Standort Pankow, Berlin, Germany
| | - N Fersis
- Helios Klinikum Duisburg, Duisburg, Germany
| | - A Holzgreve
- Vivantes Netzwerk für Gesundheit GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - E Keil
- Klinik Oranienburg, Oberhavel Kliniken GmbH, Oranienburg, Germany
| | - M Keller
- North-Eastern-German Society of Gynecological Oncology, Oranienburg, Germany
| | - U Keilholz
- Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Sehouli
- Department of Gynecology with Center of Oncological Surgery, Charité University Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
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Von Kahle B, Keller M, Gordon B, van Woerden I. Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Prevalence and Demographic Profiles of Food Insecurity College Students at Main and Satellite Campuses. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.06.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Schulz A, Methling K, Lalk M, Eisenbarth A, Keller M, Groschup MH. Ethanol inactivation of orthonairoviruses in ixodid ticks. Exp Appl Acarol 2021; 85:75-81. [PMID: 34542738 PMCID: PMC8486713 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-021-00656-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ixodid ticks represent vectors and reservoirs for a broad range of zoonotic pathogens. Collected ticks from field studies are therefore usually stored in ethanol, which in higher concentrations effectively inactivates most of the known tick-borne pathogens. Although commonly practiced as gold standard for inactivation, hardly any scientific data demonstrate that ethanol sufficiently penetrates the comparatively thick cuticula of ticks. Therefore, Amblyomma hebraeum tick pools were stored for 21 days in ethanol (96%). Afterwards, the ethanol was removed and the ticks were homogenized. Quantitative 1H-NMR spectroscopic analysis was applied to determine the residual concentration of ethanol inside the ticks. 1H-NMR spectroscopic analysis revealed that ethanol constituted 28.3-42.6 mg of the total weight of three ticks in the pools (89.9-121.5 mg). In addition, the low-pathogenic Hazara orthonairovirus (HAZV) was used as a cell culture model for this study. The virus was exposed to ethanol concentrations between 0 and 60% and incubated under various temperature conditions for four time periods. Afterwards, the residual virus infectivity was determined by titration. Following ethanol exposure, HAZV did not grow in cells after 9 h of exposure to an ethanol concentration of 25%. These results demonstrate an extremely low ethanol resistance of the virus, which was generally in line with previously reported ethanol inactivation data for Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever orthonairovirus (CCHFV). After prolonged storage and impregnation, comparable ethanol concentrations are achieved in the ticks, indicating the suitability of this inactivation method also for Bunyaviruses in ticks. At the very least, a massive virus inactivation can be assumed. Definitive proof of virus inactivation would require a bioassay of ethanol-treated infected ticks under appropriate biosafety conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Schulz
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - K Methling
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 4, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - M Lalk
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 4, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - A Eisenbarth
- Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Hamburg, Abt. XXI, Außenstelle BNITM, Bernhard-Nocht-Str. 74, 20359, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Keller
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - M H Groschup
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
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Taylor MT, Keller M, Barbieri JS. Lifestyle risk factor counseling at visits for psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis in the United States. J Am Acad Dermatol 2021; 87:669-671. [PMID: 34450204 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Taylor
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Matthew Keller
- Department of Dermatology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - John S Barbieri
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Schlicher L, Kulig P, Murphy M, Keller M. AB0024 IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF CENERIMOD, A POTENT AND SELECTIVE SPHINGOSINE 1-PHOSPHATE RECEPTOR 1 (S1P1) MODULATOR IN PREVENTING MIGRATION OF NON-ACTIVATED AND ACTIVATED PRIMARY HUMAN B CELLS IN THE PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF GLUCOCORTICOIDS. Ann Rheum Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.2482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:Cenerimod is a potent, selective, and orally active sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1) modulator that is currently being evaluated in a Phase 2b study in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (NCT03742037). S1P1 receptor modulators sequester circulating lymphocytes within lymph nodes, thereby reducing pathogenic autoimmune cells (including B lymphocytes) in the blood stream and in inflamed tissues. Extensive clinical experience has become available for the nonselective S1P receptor modulator fingolimod in relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis, supporting this therapeutic concept for the treatment of autoimmune disorders.Objectives:Although the effect of S1P-receptor modulators in reducing peripheral B cells is well documented1,2, the role of the S1P1 receptor on this cell type is only incompletely understood. In this study, the mode of action of cenerimod on primary human B cells was investigated in a series of in vitro experiments, including S1P1 receptor cell surface expression and chemotaxis towards S1P. Moreover, S1P1 expression following B cell activation in vitro was studied. As glucocorticoids (GC) are frequently used in the treatment of patients with autoimmune disorders including SLE, the potential influence of GC on the mode of action of cenerimod was evaluated.Methods:Primary human B lymphocytes from healthy donors were isolated from whole blood. In one set of experiments, cells were treated with different concentrations of cenerimod to measure S1P1 receptor internalization by flow cytometry. In a second set of experiments, isolated B cells were activated using different stimuli or left untreated. Cells were then analysed for S1P1 and CD69 cell surface expression and tested in a novel real-time S1P-mediated migration assay. In addition, the effect of physiological concentrations of GCs (prednisolone and prednisone) on cenerimod activity in preventing S1P mediated migration was tested.Results:In vitro, cenerimod led to a dose-dependent internalization of the S1P1 receptor on primary human B lymphocytes. Cenerimod also blocked migration of nonactivated and activated B lymphocytes towards S1P in a concentration-dependent manner, which is in line with the retention of lymphocytes in the lymph node and the reduction of circulating lymphocytes observed in the clinical setting. Upon B cell activation, which was monitored by CD69 upregulation, a simultaneous downregulation of S1P1 expression was detected, leading to less efficient S1P-directed cell migration. Importantly, physiological concentrations of GC did not affect the inhibitory activity of cenerimod on B cell migration.Conclusion:These results show that cenerimod, by modulating S1P1, blocks B lymphocyte migration towards its natural chemoattractant S1P and demonstrate compatibility of cenerimod with GC. These results are consistent with results of comparable experiments done previously using primary human T lymphocytes.References:[1]Nakamura M et al., Mult Scler. 2014 Sep; 20(10):1371-80.[2]Strasser DS et al., RMD Open 2020;6:e001261.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Ni X, Ouyang W, Jeong H, Kim JT, Tzaveils A, Mirzazadeh A, Wu C, Lee JY, Keller M, Mummidisetty CK, Patel M, Shawen N, Huang J, Chen H, Ravi S, Chang JK, Lee K, Wu Y, Lie F, Kang YJ, Kim JU, Chamorro LP, Banks AR, Bharat A, Jayaraman A, Xu S, Rogers JA. Automated, multiparametric monitoring of respiratory biomarkers and vital signs in clinical and home settings for COVID-19 patients. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2026610118. [PMID: 33893178 PMCID: PMC8126790 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2026610118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Capabilities in continuous monitoring of key physiological parameters of disease have never been more important than in the context of the global COVID-19 pandemic. Soft, skin-mounted electronics that incorporate high-bandwidth, miniaturized motion sensors enable digital, wireless measurements of mechanoacoustic (MA) signatures of both core vital signs (heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature) and underexplored biomarkers (coughing count) with high fidelity and immunity to ambient noises. This paper summarizes an effort that integrates such MA sensors with a cloud data infrastructure and a set of analytics approaches based on digital filtering and convolutional neural networks for monitoring of COVID-19 infections in sick and healthy individuals in the hospital and the home. Unique features are in quantitative measurements of coughing and other vocal events, as indicators of both disease and infectiousness. Systematic imaging studies demonstrate correlations between the time and intensity of coughing, speaking, and laughing and the total droplet production, as an approximate indicator of the probability for disease spread. The sensors, deployed on COVID-19 patients along with healthy controls in both inpatient and home settings, record coughing frequency and intensity continuously, along with a collection of other biometrics. The results indicate a decaying trend of coughing frequency and intensity through the course of disease recovery, but with wide variations across patient populations. The methodology creates opportunities to study patterns in biometrics across individuals and among different demographic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Ni
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708
| | - Wei Ouyang
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Hyoyoung Jeong
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Jin-Tae Kim
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Andreas Tzaveils
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Ali Mirzazadeh
- College of Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Changsheng Wu
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | | | | | - Chaithanya K Mummidisetty
- Max Nader Lab for Rehabilitation Technologies and Outcomes Research, Center for Bionic Medicine, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Manish Patel
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Nicholas Shawen
- Max Nader Lab for Rehabilitation Technologies and Outcomes Research, Center for Bionic Medicine, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Joy Huang
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Hope Chen
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Sowmya Ravi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Jan-Kai Chang
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
- Wearifi Inc., Evanston, IL 60201
| | - KunHyuck Lee
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Yixin Wu
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Ferrona Lie
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Youn J Kang
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Jong Uk Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Leonardo P Chamorro
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801
| | - Anthony R Banks
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Ankit Bharat
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Arun Jayaraman
- Max Nader Lab for Rehabilitation Technologies and Outcomes Research, Center for Bionic Medicine, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Shuai Xu
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208;
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - John A Rogers
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
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Durkee-Shock J, Lazarski C, Jensen-Wachspress M, Kankate V, Lang H, Hanley P, Bollard C, Keller M. Cytokine optimization of SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cells for therapeutic use. Cytotherapy 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465324921004369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Timofte I, Keller M, Varghese A, Levine D, Aryal S, Shah P, Vesselinov R, Ross D, Woodward R, Dale B, Terrin M, Iacono A, Agbor-Enoh S. Cell Free DNA Levels in Patients with Acute Rejection after Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.1035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The expansion of state Medicaid programs under the U.S. Affordable Care Act has led to a dramatic increase in the number of Americans with health insurance coverage. Prior analyses of a limited number of states have suggested that greater utilization of total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) should be expected after Medicaid expansion. The purpose of our study was to examine whether increased utilization of THA and TKA occurred across a broader range of states after Medicaid expansion. METHODS We analyzed administrative data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project from 9 states (Arkansas, Arizona, Colorado, Iowa, Massachusetts, Maryland, Nevada, New York, and Vermont) that expanded Medicaid in 2014 and 2 states that did not expand Medicaid (Florida and Missouri). We included patients who were 18 to 64 years of age and had a primary THA or TKA from 2012 to 2015 with Medicaid as the primary payer. Other payers (including dual-eligible Medicaid and Medicare beneficiaries) were excluded. We performed multivariable regression modeling with the number of Medicaid-insured THAs or TKAs as the dependent variable and the interaction between the state Medicaid expansion status and year as the main policy independent variable, with adjustment for community characteristics. RESULTS Among all 11 states, there were 39,452 total joint arthroplasties (42% THA and 58% TKA) funded by Medicaid from 2012 to 2015. After adjusting for community characteristics, within expansion states, compared with 2013, THA and TKA increased 15% in 2014 (p < 0.0001) and 23% in 2015 (p < 0.0001) within expansion states. Within non-expansion states, compared with 2013, there were significant utilization decreases of 18% in 2014 (p < 0.0001) and 11% in 2015 (p = 0.0002). CONCLUSIONS Medicaid expansion was associated with significant increases in Medicaid-funded THA and TKA utilization in 9 states. As additional states consider expanding Medicaid programs and as alternative health reforms that increase insurance eligibility are debated, surgeons, administrators, and policymakers should prepare for a surge in the utilization of THA and TKA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Dy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri,Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Amber Salter
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Abigail Barker
- Brown School of Social Work, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Derek Brown
- Brown School of Social Work, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Matthew Keller
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, and Center for Administrative Data Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Margaret A. Olsen
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, and Center for Administrative Data Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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Delgadillo JA, Sifuentes PI, Flores MJ, Espinoza-Flores LA, Andrade-Esparza JD, Hernández H, Keller M, Chemineau P. Nutritional supplementation improves the sexual response of bucks exposed to long days in semi-extensive management and their ability to stimulate reproduction in goats. Animal 2020; 15:100114. [PMID: 33573958 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2020.100114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In confined management systems, well-nourished bucks rendered sexually active by exposure to long days are efficient in fertilizing out-of-season goats. However, underfeeding is common in semi-extensive management systems and may reduce the reproductive efficiency of bucks. The objective of the present study was to determine whether nutritional supplementation improved the sexual activity of bucks submitted to long days in semi-extensive management systems and their ability to stimulate the reproduction of goats in semi-extensive or confined conditions. In experiment 1, three groups of bucks were placed in different flocks and grazed daily with females for 7 h. Each day after grazing, males were separated from females and moved into open pens. One group did not receive any treatment (control group; n = 6). Two other groups were submitted to artificially long days from 15 November to 15 January. From 16 January, one group did not receive nutritional supplementation (long-day group; n = 5), whereas bucks from the other group each received 600 g of a commercial concentrate (long-day+supplementation group; n = 5). The fourth group was kept in confined conditions, exposed to long days and fed alfalfa hay (long-day confined group; n = 6). On 26 March, anovulatory goats from other flocks were assigned to four groups (n = 27 each) and confined separately in open pens. Three bucks of each group were housed with the females. Pregnancy rates were greater in the goats housed with the long-day group than those housed with the control group (P < 0.01). However, pregnancy rates did not differ between the long-day confined group (89%) and long-day+supplementation group (70%; P = 0.09), but these rates were greater than those from the long-day (37%) and control groups (0%; P < 0.05). In experiment 2, two groups of males (n = 3 each) were incorporated into two flocks under semi-extensive management and grazed daily with females for 7 h. One group of males did not receive any treatment (control group). The other group was submitted to long days and nutritional supplementation as in experiment 1 (long-day+supplementation group). Males remained with females during the whole study. The pregnancy rate was greater in the goats joined by males of the long-day+supplementation group (78%) than in those from the control group (0%; P < 0.001). We conclude that long days and nutritional supplementation improve the ability of bucks kept in semi-extensive management to stimulate reproduction of out-of-season goats in confined or semi-extensive management systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Delgadillo
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Caprina (CIRCA), Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Periférico Raúl López Sánchez y Carretera a Santa Fe, 27054 Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico.
| | - P I Sifuentes
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Caprina (CIRCA), Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Periférico Raúl López Sánchez y Carretera a Santa Fe, 27054 Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - M J Flores
- Campo Experimental La Laguna, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Blvd. José Santos Valdez 1200, 27440 Matamoros, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - L A Espinoza-Flores
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Caprina (CIRCA), Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Periférico Raúl López Sánchez y Carretera a Santa Fe, 27054 Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - J D Andrade-Esparza
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Caprina (CIRCA), Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Periférico Raúl López Sánchez y Carretera a Santa Fe, 27054 Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - H Hernández
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Caprina (CIRCA), Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Periférico Raúl López Sánchez y Carretera a Santa Fe, 27054 Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - M Keller
- UMR Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRAE, CNRS, IFCE, Université de Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - P Chemineau
- UMR Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRAE, CNRS, IFCE, Université de Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France
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Wang JV, Keller M, Schoenberg E, Duffy R. 13394 Unconscious biases and health disparities in dermatology: A pilot study of practitioners. J Am Acad Dermatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.06.562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Wang JV, Schoenberg E, Keller M, Saedi N, Shalabi D. 13396 Public social media consultations for skin conditions: An online survey. J Am Acad Dermatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.06.563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Keller M, Silber S. Pharmacological stress test for myocardial ischemia when Adenosine is contraindicated: prospective documentation of side effects in over 700 patients with COPD or bronchial asthma. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
In the face of an increasingly elder population, physical exercise tests become less feasible with an increasing need for pharmacological stress tests, preferably with imaging techniques. For myocardial stress tests provoking myocardial ischemia, vasodilator stress is most frequently used. Whereas Dipyridamole should be obsolete, the predominant drug applied within this context is Adenosine for myocardial scintigraphy, magnetic resonance imaging and FFR. Adenosine, however, is contraindicated in patients with COPD or bronchial asthma, predominantly due to a possible exacerbation of bronchospasm or other pulmonary side effects. In contrast, Regadenoson, was especially developed as a highly selective A2A receptor agonist to circumvent these problems.
Methods
Regadenoson was applied with the standard injection dose of 400 μg in 780 consecutive patients with a history of COPD or bronchial asthma for SPECT myocardial perfusion scintigraphy. 12% of the patients had a preexisting first degree AV-block. Blood pressure, heart rate and possible side effects were prospectively monitored and documented for 10 minutes after the injection.
Results
The mean age was 70.8±8.9 years, 52% of the patients were female, 48% were male. 69% had a history of COPD and 31% of bronchial asthma. The maximum increase in heart rate was significant from 66.1±8.1 to 98.3±17.4 bpm. The maximum decrease in systolic blood pressure was significant from 124.3±12.9 to 117.3±24.7 mmHg. Most frequent side effects were a feeling if increased breathing (73%), headache (22%), feeling of warmth (22%), pressure in the stomach (17%) and pressure in the chest (16%). Complications: only 1 patient (without preexisting first degree AV-block) developed a systolic drop in blood pressure from 107 to 60 mmHg with transient severe dyspnoea. No induction of bronchospasm or other pulmonary side effects were observed.
Conclusion
In patients with COPD or bronchial asthma undergoing a pharmacological stress test, Adenosine is contraindicated due to its – potentially severe – pulmonary side effects, Regadenoson is the vasodilator of choice in these patients. In our series, no severe complication was observed – even not in patients with a preexisting first degree AV-block.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Affiliation(s)
- M Keller
- Cardiology Practice, Munich, Germany
| | - S Silber
- Cardiology Practice, Munich, Germany
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Keller M, Silber S. Usefulness of the coronary artery calcium (CAC) score for statin prescription in primary prevention: results in over 16.000 assessments. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.2923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The latest AHA/ACC cholesterol guidelines on primary prevention of coronary artery disease (CAD) recommend the use of the CAC-score to help in decision making for not using or using statins: If the CAC-score is 0, it is reasonable to withhold statin therapy (as long as higher conditions are absent). If CAC-score is 1 - 99, it is reasonable to initate statin therapy for patients ≥55 years of age. If the CAC-score is ≥100, it is reasonable to initiate statin therapy. Therefore, in the present analysis, we assessed the impact of these guidelines in everyday cardiology practice.
Methods
We analysed our data base with 16083 assessments of the CAC-score in persons with no known coronary or other cardiovascular disease and no exercise-dependent chest pain or shortness of breath. The CAC-score was determined with a multi-slice CT. Using the “step-and-shoot” acquisition protocol, the average dose was around 1 mSv.
Results
In the total group, a CAC-score of 0 was found in 35%, a CAC-score of >0 up to <100 in 36% and ≥100 in 29%. The percentage of the above mentioned 3 CAC-score groups depending on age and gender are listed in table 1.
Conclusion
With the support of the CAC-score, a prescription of statins can be avoided in up to appr. 60% of middle-aged male and up to appr. 80% of middle-aged female persons. On the other hand, the use of statin is reasonable in appr. two thirds of higher-aged male and one third of higher-aged female persons for primary prevention.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Affiliation(s)
- M Keller
- Cardiology Practice, Munich, Germany
| | - S Silber
- Cardiology Practice, Munich, Germany
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Zhou B, Thao TTN, Hoffmann D, Taddeo A, Ebert N, Labroussaa F, Pohlmann A, King J, Portmann J, Halwe NJ, Ulrich L, Trüeb BS, Kelly JN, Fan X, Hoffmann B, Steiner S, Wang L, Thomann L, Lin X, Stalder H, Pozzi B, de Brot S, Jiang N, Cui D, Hossain J, Wilson M, Keller M, Stark TJ, Barnes JR, Dijkman R, Jores J, Benarafa C, Wentworth DE, Thiel V, Beer M. SARS-CoV-2 spike D614G variant confers enhanced replication and transmissibility. bioRxiv 2020:2020.10.27.357558. [PMID: 33140052 PMCID: PMC7605563 DOI: 10.1101/2020.10.27.357558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
During the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in humans a D614G substitution in the spike (S) protein emerged and became the predominant circulating variant (S-614G) of the COVID-19 pandemic 1 . However, whether the increasing prevalence of the S-614G variant represents a fitness advantage that improves replication and/or transmission in humans or is merely due to founder effects remains elusive. Here, we generated isogenic SARS-CoV-2 variants and demonstrate that the S-614G variant has (i) enhanced binding to human ACE2, (ii) increased replication in primary human bronchial and nasal airway epithelial cultures as well as in a novel human ACE2 knock-in mouse model, and (iii) markedly increased replication and transmissibility in hamster and ferret models of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Collectively, our data show that while the S-614G substitution results in subtle increases in binding and replication in vitro , it provides a real competitive advantage in vivo , particularly during the transmission bottle neck, providing an explanation for the global predominance of S-614G variant among the SARS-CoV-2 viruses currently circulating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhou
- CDC COVID-19 Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Tran Thi Nhu Thao
- Institute of Virology and Immunology (IVI), Bern and Mittelhäusern, Switzerland
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Biomedical Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Donata Hoffmann
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Adriano Taddeo
- Institute of Virology and Immunology (IVI), Bern and Mittelhäusern, Switzerland
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nadine Ebert
- Institute of Virology and Immunology (IVI), Bern and Mittelhäusern, Switzerland
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fabien Labroussaa
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anne Pohlmann
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Jacqueline King
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Jasmine Portmann
- Institute of Virology and Immunology (IVI), Bern and Mittelhäusern, Switzerland
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nico Joel Halwe
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Lorenz Ulrich
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Bettina Salome Trüeb
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jenna N. Kelly
- Institute of Virology and Immunology (IVI), Bern and Mittelhäusern, Switzerland
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Xiaoyu Fan
- CDC COVID-19 Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Bernd Hoffmann
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Silvio Steiner
- Institute of Virology and Immunology (IVI), Bern and Mittelhäusern, Switzerland
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Biomedical Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Li Wang
- CDC COVID-19 Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Lisa Thomann
- Institute of Virology and Immunology (IVI), Bern and Mittelhäusern, Switzerland
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Xudong Lin
- Battelle Memorial Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Hanspeter Stalder
- Institute of Virology and Immunology (IVI), Bern and Mittelhäusern, Switzerland
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Berta Pozzi
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Simone de Brot
- COMPATH, Institute of Animal Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nannan Jiang
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Dan Cui
- Battelle Memorial Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Jaber Hossain
- CDC COVID-19 Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Malania Wilson
- CDC COVID-19 Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Matthew Keller
- CDC COVID-19 Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Thomas J. Stark
- CDC COVID-19 Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - John R. Barnes
- CDC COVID-19 Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Ronald Dijkman
- Institute of Virology and Immunology (IVI), Bern and Mittelhäusern, Switzerland
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Joerg Jores
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Charaf Benarafa
- Institute of Virology and Immunology (IVI), Bern and Mittelhäusern, Switzerland
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - David E. Wentworth
- CDC COVID-19 Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Volker Thiel
- Institute of Virology and Immunology (IVI), Bern and Mittelhäusern, Switzerland
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Beer
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
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Delgadillo JA, Hernández H, Abecia JA, Keller M, Chemineau P. Is it time to reconsider the relative weight of sociosexual relationships compared with photoperiod in the control of reproduction of small ruminant females? Domest Anim Endocrinol 2020; 73:106468. [PMID: 32249000 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2020.106468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In goats and sheep from the temperate and subtropical latitudes, the breeding season lasts from early autumn to late winter, whereas the anestrous season lasts from late winter to late summer. In prepubertal or postpartum females, the duration of the quiescent period depends mainly on the season of parturition and of nursing duration. In both situations, the ovulatory activity starts only during the breeding season. Photoperiod has been generally considered as a major regulator of all these periods of reproductive activity/inactivity in female sheep and goats (ie puberty, seasonal anestrus, postpartum anestrus). In particular, regarding seasonal anestrus, the sociosexual interactions between males and females have been considered to have only a modulatory role, limited to few weeks preceding the onset or after the offset of the breeding season. Nonetheless, we recently showed that the use of sexually active males plays a crucial role to trigger ovulatory and estrous activities during the anestrous season and also in prepubertal and postpartum females. In fact, in females exposed to sexually active males, puberty is strikingly advanced in comparison with females exposed to sexually inactive castrated males or to isolated females (6 mo vs 7.5 mo). Most females (>85%) exposed during the anestrous season to sexually active males ovulated, whereas a low proportion of them ovulated when in contact with sexually inactive males (<10%). Interestingly, the presence of these sexually active males allows females to ovulate all the year round and prevents the seasonal decrease of LH plasma concentrations in ovariectomized females treated with an estradiol implant. Finally, the presence of sexually active males triggers ovulation in postpartum anestrous females nursing their offspring. All these findings show that sexually active males can play an important role to reduce anestrous periods. We need, therefore, to reconsider the relative weight of sociosexual relationships, compared with photoperiod, in the management of reproduction of goat does and ewes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Delgadillo
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Caprina (CIRCA), Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, 27054 Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico.
| | - H Hernández
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Caprina (CIRCA), Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, 27054 Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - J A Abecia
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Ambientales (IUCA), Universidad de Zaragoza, Miguel Servet, 177 Zaragoza 50013, Spain
| | - M Keller
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, CNRS, IFCE, INRA, Université de Tours, Agreenium, 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - P Chemineau
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, CNRS, IFCE, INRA, Université de Tours, Agreenium, 37380 Nouzilly, France
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Heller T, Duerr M, Lang T, Rosenberger P, Magunia H, Keller M. Development of a software algorithm for comprehensive right ventricular strain analysis employing meshes derived from three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2020. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2020.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Keller M, Heller T, Duerr M, Lang T, Rosenberger P, Magunia H. Novel mesh-derived right ventricular global longitudinal strain predicts ICU outcomes in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2020. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2020.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Dy CJ, Barker AR, Brown DS, Keller M, Chang P, Yamaguchi K, Olsen MA. Unmet Need for Total Joint Arthroplasty in Medicaid Beneficiaries After Affordable Care Act Expansion. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2020; 102:1495-1500. [PMID: 32898378 PMCID: PMC8313181 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.20.00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The utilization of total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) increased after Medicaid expansion under the U.S. Affordable Care Act (ACA), suggesting a potential unmet need for THA and TKA. We examined the timing of THA and TKA in patients after obtaining Medicaid expansion insurance coverage. We hypothesized that patients with Medicaid expansion insurance would undergo a surgical procedure sooner than patients in traditional Medicaid populations. METHODS We used administrative data from a Medicaid managed care company to determine the timing of primary THA and TKA in patients who were 18 to 64 years of age in 4 states with Medicaid expansion (Illinois, Ohio, Oregon, and Washington) and 4 states without Medicaid expansion (Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas, and Wisconsin) from 2008 to 2015. The insurance types were Medicaid expansion, Medicaid plans for Supplemental Security Income (SSI), or Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF). Roughly, these 3 groups correspond to relatively healthy childless adults, relatively unhealthy disabled adults, and parents of children with Medicaid insurance. The main outcome measure was time from enrollment to the surgical procedure. The primary exposure of interest was insurance type. We used a generalized linear regression model to adjust for patient age, sex, social deprivation, surgeon supply and reimbursement, and state-level Medicaid enrollment. RESULTS In the unadjusted analysis of 4,117 patients, there was a significantly shorter time from enrollment to THA and TKA for the expansion group (median, 7.5 months) relative to the SSI group (median, 16.1 months; p < 0.0001) and the TANF group (median, 12.2 months; p < 0.0001). In the adjusted analysis, the time from enrollment to THA and TKA was significantly shorter in the expansion group (β, -1.21 [95% confidence interval (CI), -1.35 to -1.07]; p < 0.001) compared with the TANF group (β, -0.27 [95% CI, -0.38 to -0.17]; p < 0.001) and the SSI group (reference). Compared with the SSI group, these coefficients are equivalent to a 70% shorter time to the surgical procedure in the expansion group and a 24% shorter time to the surgical procedure in the TANF group. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest an unmet need for THA and TKA among newly enrolled Medicaid expansion beneficiaries. This need should be considered by surgeons, hospitals, and policymakers in ensuring access to care. Furthermore, consideration should be given to existing insurance-based disparities in access to orthopaedic care, as these may be exacerbated by an increased demand for THA and TKA from Medicaid expansion beneficiaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Dy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (C.J.D., P.C., and K.Y.), Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery (C.J.D., A.R.B., D.S.B., and M.A.O.), and Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine (M.K. and M.A.O.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Abigail R. Barker
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (C.J.D., P.C., and K.Y.), Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery (C.J.D., A.R.B., D.S.B., and M.A.O.), and Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine (M.K. and M.A.O.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Derek S. Brown
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (C.J.D., P.C., and K.Y.), Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery (C.J.D., A.R.B., D.S.B., and M.A.O.), and Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine (M.K. and M.A.O.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Matthew Keller
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (C.J.D., P.C., and K.Y.), Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery (C.J.D., A.R.B., D.S.B., and M.A.O.), and Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine (M.K. and M.A.O.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Peter Chang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (C.J.D., P.C., and K.Y.), Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery (C.J.D., A.R.B., D.S.B., and M.A.O.), and Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine (M.K. and M.A.O.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Ken Yamaguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (C.J.D., P.C., and K.Y.), Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery (C.J.D., A.R.B., D.S.B., and M.A.O.), and Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine (M.K. and M.A.O.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Margaret A. Olsen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (C.J.D., P.C., and K.Y.), Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery (C.J.D., A.R.B., D.S.B., and M.A.O.), and Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine (M.K. and M.A.O.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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Keller M, Kleineberg W, Trautmann A, Mirata M. Bioprocess intensification using customized DoE for the optimization of microbial fermentations at lab‐scale. CHEM-ING-TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202055455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Keller
- Lonza AG Biotechnological Process Development Rottenstr. 6 3930 Visp Switzerland
| | - W. Kleineberg
- Lonza AG Biotechnological Process Development Rottenstr. 6 3930 Visp Switzerland
| | - A. Trautmann
- Lonza AG Biotechnological Process Development Rottenstr. 6 3930 Visp Switzerland
| | - M. A. Mirata
- Lonza AG Biotechnological Process Development Rottenstr. 6 3930 Visp Switzerland
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Hartl D, Keller M, Klenk A, Murphy M, Martinic M, Pierlot G, Groenen P, Strasser D. THU0008 DEVELOPMENT OF A NOVEL TRANSLATIONAL IN SILICO INDICATION DISCOVERY FRAMEWORK: EXEMPLIFIED BY THE CLINICAL COMPOUND CENERIMOD. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.3520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:To explore the full therapeutic spectrum of a drug it is crucial to consider its potential effectiveness in all diseases. Serendipitous clinical observations have often shown that approved drugs and those in development to be efficacious in indications different to those originally tested for. Traditional approaches to match a drug candidate with possible indications are mostly based on matching drug mechanistic knowledge with disease pathophysiology. Proof-of-concept trials or elaborate pre-clinical studies in animal models do not allow for a broad assessment due to high costs and slow progress. Gene expression changes in patients or animal models represent a good proxy to comprehensively assess both disease and drug effects. Furthermore, this data type can be integrated with a plethora of publicly available data.Objectives:Generation of a novel in silico framework to support the selection and expansion of potential indications which associate with a compound or approved drug. The framework was exemplified by the clinical compound cenerimod, a potent, selective, and orally active sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 modulator (Piali et al., 2017).Methods:A total of ~13’000 public patient gene expression datasets from ~140 diseases were evaluated against cenerimod gene expression data generated in mouse disease models. To improve comparability of studies across platforms and species, computer algorithms (neural networks) were trained and employed to reduce noise within the data sets and improve signal. The predicted response to cenerimod for individual patients was contrasted against clinical patient characteristics.Results:The neural network algorithm efficiently reduced experimental noise and improved sensitivity in the gene expression data. The results predicted cenerimod to be efficacious in several auto-immune diseases foremost SLE. Additionally, focused analysis on individual patients rather than disease cohorts revealed potential determinants predictive of maximal clinical response, with the highest predicted clinical response for cenerimod in patients with severe inflammatory endotype and/or high SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI).Conclusion:Combining preclinical compound data with the wealth of public disease gene expression data, provides great potential to support indication selection. The novel in silico framework identified SLE as a prime potential indication for cenerimod and supported the cenerimod phase 2b clinical trial in patients with SLE (CARE study,NCT03742037).References:[1]Piali, L., Birker-Robaczewska, M., Lescop, C., Froidevaux, S., Schmitz, N., Morrison, K., … Nayler, O. (2017). Cenerimod, a novel selective S1P1 receptor modulator with unique signaling properties. Pharmacology Research & Perspectives, 5(6), 1–12.https://doi.org/10.1002/prp2.370Disclosure of Interests:Dominik Hartl Shareholder of: Idorsia shares, Employee of: Idorsia employee, Marcel Keller Shareholder of: Idorsia options/shares, Employee of: Idorsia employee, Axel Klenk Shareholder of: Idorsia option/shares, Employee of: Idorsia employee, Mark Murphy Shareholder of: Idorsia shares and stock options, Employee of: Idorsia employee, Marianne Martinic Shareholder of: Idorsia options/shares, Employee of: Idorsia employee, Gabin Pierlot Shareholder of: Idorsia options/shares, Employee of: Idorsia employee, Peter Groenen Shareholder of: Idorsia options/shares, Employee of: Idorsia employee, Daniel Strasser Shareholder of: Idorsia options/shares, Employee of: Idorsia employee
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Strasser D, Gerossier E, Sippel V, Grieder U, Kieninger A, Pierlot G, Farine H, Kulig P, Keller M, Froidevaux S, Trendelenburg M, Martinic M, Murphy M. SAT0165 PRECLINICAL AND CLINICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CENERIMOD, A POTENT, SELECTIVE, AND ORALLY ACTIVE SPHINGOSINE-1-PHOSPHATE RECEPTOR 1 MODULATOR IN SLE. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:SLE is an autoimmune disease characterized by aberrant lymphocyte activation and autoantibody production. In SLE, autoreactive lymphocytes migrate from lymphoid organs into the blood, and subsequently into tissue. This leads to systemic and multiorgan inflammation and pathology resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Lymphocyte migration is a tightly controlled process driven by chemokine gradients. The chemotactic gradient across the vascular barrier established by sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) orchestrates egress of lymphocytes out of peripheral lymphoid organs into the blood. Cenerimod is a potent, selective, and orally active S1P receptor 1 (S1P1) receptor modulator that induces receptor internalization and thereby prevents lymphocyte egress from lymphoid organs into the blood [1].Objectives:In-depth preclinical and clinical characterization of cenerimod in modulating SLE.Methods:Lymphocytes from patients with SLE and healthy subjects were assessed for cenerimod-induced S1P1receptor internalization. Efficacy of cenerimod was evaluated in the MRL/lpr lupus mouse model. In a 12-week phase 2 clinical trial in patients with SLE treated with multiple doses of cenerimod (NCT02472795), lymphocyte subsets and inflammatory biomarkers were characterized.Results:Cenerimod was potent and efficacious at inducing S1P1receptor internalization in T and B lymphocytes with an EC50of 15 nM in both healthy subjects and patients with SLE. In lupus-like MRL/lpr mice treated with cenerimod, circulating T and B lymphocytes were reduced, which resulted in reduced immune infiltrates into tissue, reduced autoantibody production and inflammation, decreased proteinuria, and increased survival. In patients with SLE treated with cenerimod for 12 weeks, a dose-dependent reduction of circulating T cells (95%), B cells (90%), and antibody-secreting cells (85%) was evident. Furthermore, a reduction in anti-dsDNA antibodies and IFN-α, associated with an inflammatory phenotype, was observed.Conclusion:Cenerimod was potent and efficacious in reducing S1P1receptor surface expression on lymphocytesin vitro, and in reducing circulating T and B lymphocyte populations, including antibody-secreting cells, and in decreasing inflammatory biomarkers in patients with SLEin vivo. Furthermore, cenerimod significantly ameliorated systemic and organ-specific autoimmunity in a mouse model of SLE. These results support the further investigation of the clinical efficacy and safety of cenerimod in the ongoing phase 2b clinical trial (NCT03742037).References:[1]Piali L, Birker-Robaczewska M, Lescop C, Froidevaux S, Schmitz N, Morrison K, et al. Cenerimod, a novel selective S1P1 receptor modulator with unique signaling properties. Pharmacol Res Perspect. 2017 Dec; 5(6).Acknowledgments:This research was funded by Idorsia Pharmaceuticals LtdDisclosure of Interests:Daniel Strasser Shareholder of: Idorsia options/shares, Employee of: Idorsia employee, Estelle Gerossier Shareholder of: Idorsia options/shares, Employee of: Idorsia employee, Virginie Sippel Shareholder of: Idorsia options/shares, Employee of: Idorsia employee, Ursula Grieder Shareholder of: Idorsia options/shares, Employee of: Idorsia, Andrea Kieninger: None declared, Gabin Pierlot Shareholder of: Idorsia options/shares, Employee of: Idorsia employee, Hervé Farine Shareholder of: Idorsia options/shares, Employee of: Idorsia employee, Paulina Kulig Shareholder of: Idorsia options/shares, Employee of: Idorsia employee, Marcel Keller Shareholder of: Idorsia options/shares, Employee of: Idorsia employee, Sylvie Froidevaux Shareholder of: Idorsia options/shares, Employee of: Idorsia employee, Marten Trendelenburg Grant/research support from: Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Novartis Institute of Biomedical Research, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Marianne Martinic Shareholder of: Idorsia options/shares, Employee of: Idorsia employee, Mark Murphy Shareholder of: Idorsia shares and stock options, Employee of: Idorsia employee
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Stanojevic M, O'Brien S, Geiger A, Ulrey R, Cruz C, Hanley P, Keller M, Bollard C. Identification of Novel HLA-Restricted PRAME Peptides to Facilitate “Off-the-shelf” Tumor-Associated Antigen-specific T-cells. Cytotherapy 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2020.03.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Schoenberg E, Shalabi D, Wang JV, Saedi N, Keller M. Public social media consultations for dermatologic conditions: an online survey. Dermatol Online J 2020; 26:13030/qt5ht4k2rh. [PMID: 32609443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of social media in medicine has been increasingly studied in recent years, especially concerning its role in patient outreach, education, diagnosis, and management. Dermatology is a unique field in that patients can post photographs of their skin ailments when seeking online medical advice and information. This study examines the role of public social media consultations for dermatologic conditions. A large portion of patients utilize social media for dermatologic consultations and many do not seek care from a dermatologist afterward. Future studies should trend this phenomenon, especially as the use of social media continues to expand.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jordan V Wang
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA.
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