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Li M, Kandul NP, Sun R, Yang T, Benetta ED, Brogan DJ, Antoshechkin I, Sánchez C HM, Zhan Y, DeBeaubien NA, Loh YM, Su MP, Montell C, Marshall JM, Akbari OS. Targeting sex determination to suppress mosquito populations. eLife 2024; 12:RP90199. [PMID: 38289340 PMCID: PMC10945564 DOI: 10.7554/elife.90199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Each year, hundreds of millions of people are infected with arboviruses such as dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya, and Zika, which are all primarily spread by the notorious mosquito Aedes aegypti. Traditional control measures have proven insufficient, necessitating innovations. In response, here we generate a next-generation CRISPR-based precision-guided sterile insect technique (pgSIT) for Ae. aegypti that disrupts genes essential for sex determination and fertility, producing predominantly sterile males that can be deployed at any life stage. Using mathematical models and empirical testing, we demonstrate that released pgSIT males can effectively compete with, suppress, and eliminate caged mosquito populations. This versatile species-specific platform has the potential for field deployment to effectively control wild populations of disease vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Nikolay P Kandul
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Ruichen Sun
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Ting Yang
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Elena D Benetta
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Daniel J Brogan
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Igor Antoshechkin
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering (BBE), California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaUnited States
| | - Héctor M Sánchez C
- Divisions of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Yinpeng Zhan
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology and the Neuroscience Research, Institute, University of California, Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraUnited States
| | - Nicolas A DeBeaubien
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology and the Neuroscience Research, Institute, University of California, Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraUnited States
| | - YuMin M Loh
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | - Matthew P Su
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
- Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | - Craig Montell
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology and the Neuroscience Research, Institute, University of California, Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraUnited States
| | - John M Marshall
- Divisions of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
- Innovative Genomics InstituteBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Omar S Akbari
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
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2
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Li M, Kandul NP, Sun R, Yang T, Benetta ED, Brogan DJ, Antoshechkin I, Sánchez C. HM, Zhan Y, DeBeaubien NA, Loh YM, Su MP, Montell C, Marshall JM, Akbari OS. Targeting Sex Determination to Suppress Mosquito Populations. bioRxiv 2023:2023.04.18.537404. [PMID: 37131747 PMCID: PMC10153225 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.18.537404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Each year, hundreds of millions of people are infected with arboviruses such as dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya, and Zika, which are all primarily spread by the notorious mosquito Aedes aegypti. Traditional control measures have proven insufficient, necessitating innovations. In response, here we generate a next generation CRISPR-based precision-guided sterile insect technique (pgSIT) for Aedes aegypti that disrupts genes essential for sex determination and fertility, producing predominantly sterile males that can be deployed at any life stage. Using mathematical models and empirical testing, we demonstrate that released pgSIT males can effectively compete with, suppress, and eliminate caged mosquito populations. This versatile species-specific platform has the potential for field deployment to effectively control wild populations of disease vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Nikolay P. Kandul
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Ruichen Sun
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Ting Yang
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Elena D. Benetta
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Daniel J. Brogan
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Igor Antoshechkin
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering (BBE), California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Héctor M. Sánchez C.
- Divisions of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Yinpeng Zhan
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology and the Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Nicolas A. DeBeaubien
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology and the Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - YuMin M. Loh
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Matthew P. Su
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Craig Montell
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology and the Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - John M. Marshall
- Divisions of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Innovative Genomics Institute, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Omar S. Akbari
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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Li HH, Su MP, Wu SC, Tsou HH, Chang MC, Cheng YC, Tsai KN, Wang HW, Chen GH, Tang CK, Chung PJ, Tsai WT, Huang LR, Yueh YA, Chen HW, Pan CY, Akbari OS, Chang HH, Yu GY, Marshall JM, Chen CH. Mechanical transmission of dengue virus by Aedes aegypti may influence disease transmission dynamics during outbreaks. EBioMedicine 2023; 94:104723. [PMID: 37487418 PMCID: PMC10382859 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue virus outbreaks are increasing in number and severity worldwide. Viral transmission is assumed to require a minimum time period of viral replication within the mosquito midgut. It is unknown if alternative transmission periods not requiring replication are possible. METHODS We used a mouse model of dengue virus transmission to investigate the potential of mechanical transmission of dengue virus. We investigated minimal viral titres necessary for development of symptoms in bitten mice and used resulting parameters to inform a new model of dengue virus transmission within a susceptible population. FINDINGS Naïve mice bitten by mosquitoes immediately after they took partial blood meals from dengue infected mice showed symptoms of dengue virus, followed by mortality. Incorporation of mechanical transmission into mathematical models of dengue virus transmission suggest that this supplemental transmission route could result in larger outbreaks which peak sooner. INTERPRETATION The potential of dengue transmission routes independent of midgut viral replication has implications for vector control strategies that target mosquito lifespan and suggest the possibility of similar mechanical transmission routes in other disease-carrying mosquitoes. FUNDING This study was funded by grants from the National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan (04D2-MMMOST02), the Human Frontier Science Program (RGP0033/2021), the National Institutes of Health (1R01AI143698-01A1, R01AI151004 and DP2AI152071) and the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (MOST104-2321-B-400-016).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsing-Han Li
- National Mosquito-Borne Disease Control Research Center, NHRI, Miaoli, 350401, Taiwan; National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, NHRI, Miaoli, 350401, Taiwan; Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Matthew P Su
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan; Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Shih-Cheng Wu
- National Mosquito-Borne Disease Control Research Center, NHRI, Miaoli, 350401, Taiwan; National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, NHRI, Miaoli, 350401, Taiwan; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10048, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10021, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Hui Tsou
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, 350401, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chun Chang
- Department of Life Science & Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chieh Cheng
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, 350401, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Nan Tsai
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, NHRI, Miaoli, 350401, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Wei Wang
- National Mosquito-Borne Disease Control Research Center, NHRI, Miaoli, 350401, Taiwan; National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, NHRI, Miaoli, 350401, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Hua Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, NHRI, Miaoli, 350401, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Kang Tang
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, NHRI, Miaoli, 350401, Taiwan; Program of Plant Protection and Health, Academy of Circular Economy, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402202, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jung Chung
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, NHRI, Miaoli, 350401, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ting Tsai
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, NHRI, Miaoli, 350401, Taiwan
| | - Li-Rung Huang
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, NHRI, Miaoli, 350401, Taiwan
| | - Yueh Andrew Yueh
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, NHRI, Miaoli, 350401, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Wei Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, NHRI, Miaoli, 350401, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ying Pan
- Department of Health, Kaohsiung City Government, Kaohsiung, 800852, Taiwan
| | - Omar S Akbari
- Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Hsiao-Han Chang
- Department of Life Science & Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Guann-Yi Yu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, NHRI, Miaoli, 350401, Taiwan
| | - John M Marshall
- Divisions of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Chun-Hong Chen
- National Mosquito-Borne Disease Control Research Center, NHRI, Miaoli, 350401, Taiwan; National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, NHRI, Miaoli, 350401, Taiwan.
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Georgiades M, Alampounti A, Somers J, Su MP, Ellis DA, Bagi J, Terrazas-Duque D, Tytheridge S, Ntabaliba W, Moore S, Albert JT, Andrés M. Hearing of malaria mosquitoes is modulated by a beta-adrenergic-like octopamine receptor which serves as insecticide target. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4338. [PMID: 37468470 PMCID: PMC10356864 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40029-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Malaria mosquitoes acoustically detect their mating partners within large swarms that form transiently at dusk. Indeed, male malaria mosquitoes preferably respond to female flight tones during swarm time. This phenomenon implies a sophisticated context- and time-dependent modulation of mosquito audition, the mechanisms of which are largely unknown. Using transcriptomics, we identify a complex network of candidate neuromodulators regulating mosquito hearing in the species Anopheles gambiae. Among them, octopamine stands out as an auditory modulator during swarm time. In-depth analysis of octopamine auditory function shows that it affects the mosquito ear on multiple levels: it modulates the tuning and stiffness of the flagellar sound receiver and controls the erection of antennal fibrillae. We show that two α- and β-adrenergic-like octopamine receptors drive octopamine's auditory roles and demonstrate that the octopaminergic auditory control system can be targeted by insecticides. Our findings highlight octopamine as key for mosquito hearing and mating partner detection and as a potential novel target for mosquito control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Georgiades
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Gray's Inn Road, London, WC1X 8EE, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Alexandros Alampounti
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Gray's Inn Road, London, WC1X 8EE, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Jason Somers
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Gray's Inn Road, London, WC1X 8EE, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Matthew P Su
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Gray's Inn Road, London, WC1X 8EE, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8602, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8601, Japan
| | - David A Ellis
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Gray's Inn Road, London, WC1X 8EE, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Judit Bagi
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Gray's Inn Road, London, WC1X 8EE, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | | | - Scott Tytheridge
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Gray's Inn Road, London, WC1X 8EE, UK
| | - Watson Ntabaliba
- Vector Control Product Testing Unit (VCPTU), Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences, Ifakara Health Institute, P.O. Box 74, Bagamoyo, Tanzania
| | - Sarah Moore
- Vector Control Product Testing Unit (VCPTU), Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences, Ifakara Health Institute, P.O. Box 74, Bagamoyo, Tanzania
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, PO Box, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, CH-4001, Basel, Switzerland
- The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), P.O. Box 447, Tengeru, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Joerg T Albert
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Gray's Inn Road, London, WC1X 8EE, UK.
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK.
- Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, Sensory Physiology & Behaviour Group, Department for Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl Von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Carl Von Ossietzky Str. 9-11, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany.
| | - Marta Andrés
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Gray's Inn Road, London, WC1X 8EE, UK.
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK.
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5
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Su MP, Andrés M, Georgiades M, Bagi J, Albert JT. Acoustic Physiology in Mosquitoes. Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2023; 2023:107685-pdb.top. [PMID: 36223985 DOI: 10.1101/pdb.top107685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The acoustic physiology of mosquitoes is perhaps the most complex within the entire insect class. Past research has uncovered several of its-sometimes stunningly unconventional-principles, but many mysteries remain. Their solution necessitates a concerted transdisciplinary effort to successfully link the neuroanatomical and biophysical properties of mosquito flagellar ears to the behavioral ecology of entire mosquito populations. Neuroanatomically, mosquito ears can rival those of humans in both complexity and sheer size. The approximately 16,000 auditory hair cells within the human organ of Corti, for example, are matched by the approximately 16,000 auditory neurons in the Johnston's organ of a male Anopheles mosquito. Both human and mosquito ears receive very extensive efferent innervation, which modulates their function in ways that are as yet poorly understood. Different populations of neuronal and nonneuronal cell types divide the labor of the mosquito ear amongst themselves. Yet, what exactly this labor is, and how it is achieved, is at best vaguely known. For the majority of mosquitoes, biologically relevant sounds are inextricably linked to their flight tones. Either these flight tones are (directly) the sounds of interest or they contribute (indirectly) to the production of audible sound through a process called nonlinear distortion. Finally, male ears can generate tones themselves: The generation of an internal "phantom copy" of a female flight tone (or self-sustained oscillation) is believed to aid the male hearing process. Here, we introduce protocols that target the mosquitoes' auditory neuroanatomy, electrophysiology, and behavior to help shed light on some of these issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P Su
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Marta Andrés
- Ear Institute, University College London, London WC1X 8EE, United Kingdom
- The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
| | - Marcos Georgiades
- Ear Institute, University College London, London WC1X 8EE, United Kingdom
- The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
| | - Judit Bagi
- Ear Institute, University College London, London WC1X 8EE, United Kingdom
- The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
| | - Joerg T Albert
- Ear Institute, University College London, London WC1X 8EE, United Kingdom
- The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
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6
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Su MP, Albert JT. Electrophysiological Measurements of Compound Action Potential Responses from the Antennal Nerve in Response to Stimulation. Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2023; 2023:108010-pdb.prot. [PMID: 36223983 DOI: 10.1101/pdb.prot108010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Electrophysiological recordings taken from the antennal nerve can provide essential information on the general auditory condition of the mosquito tested. Furthermore, electrophysiological recordings provide detailed information on what types of stimulation induce the largest nerve responses. When these are used in conjunction with a vibrometer to measure the corresponding movement of the antennal ear during stimulation, a comprehensive overview of hearing function can be obtained. This protocol can be applied to male and female adults from any mosquito strain and can be scaled relative to available resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P Su
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Joerg T Albert
- Ear Institute, University College London, London WC1X 8EE, United Kingdom
- The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
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7
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Abstract
Whilst acoustic communication forms an integral component of the mating behavior of many insect species, it is particularly crucial for disease-transmitting mosquitoes; swarming males rely on hearing the faint sounds of flying females for courtship initiation. That males can hear females within the din of a swarm is testament to their fabulous auditory systems. Mosquito hearing is highly frequency-selective, remarkably sensitive and, most strikingly, supported by an elaborate system of auditory efferent neurons that modulate the auditory function - the only documented example amongst insects. Peripheral release of octopamine, serotonin and GABA appears to differentially modulate hearing across major disease-carrying mosquito species, with receptors from other neurotransmitter families also identified in their ears. Because mosquito mating relies on hearing the flight tones of mating partners, the auditory efferent system offers new potential targets for mosquito control. It also represents a unique insect model for studying auditory efferent networks. Here we review current knowledge of the mosquito auditory efferent system, briefly compare it with its counterparts in other species and highlight future research directions to unravel its contribution to mosquito auditory perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- YuMin M. Loh
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Matthew P. Su
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - David A. Ellis
- UCL Ear Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marta Andrés
- UCL Ear Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
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8
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Wang HW, Li HH, Wu SC, Tang CK, Yu HY, Chang YC, Sung PS, Liu WL, Su MP, Yu GY, Huang LR, Chen CH, Hsieh SL. CLEC5A mediates Zika virus-induced testicular damage. J Biomed Sci 2023; 30:12. [PMID: 36803804 PMCID: PMC9936774 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00906-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zika virus (ZIKV) infection is clinically known to induce testicular swelling, termed orchitis, and potentially impact male sterility, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Previous reports suggested that C-type lectins play important roles in mediating virus-induced inflammatory reactions and pathogenesis. We thus investigated whether C-type lectins modulate ZIKV-induced testicular damage. METHODS C-type lectin domain family 5 member A (CLEC5A) knockout mice were generated in a STAT1-deficient immunocompromised background (denoted clec5a-/-stat1-/-) to enable testing of the role played by CLEC5A after ZIKV infection in a mosquito-to-mouse disease model. Following ZIKV infection, mice were subjected to an array of analyses to evaluate testicular damage, including ZIKV infectivity and neutrophil infiltration estimation via quantitative RT-PCR or histology and immunohistochemistry, inflammatory cytokine and testosterone detection, and spermatozoon counting. Furthermore, DNAX-activating proteins for 12 kDa (DAP12) knockout mice (dap12-/-stat1-/-) were generated and used to evaluate ZIKV infectivity, inflammation, and spermatozoa function in order to investigate the potential mechanisms engaged by CLEC5A. RESULTS Compared to experiments conducted in ZIKV-infected stat1-/- mice, infected clec5a-/-stat1-/- mice showed reductions in testicular ZIKV titer, local inflammation and apoptosis in testis and epididymis, neutrophil invasion, and sperm count and motility. CLEC5A, a myeloid pattern recognition receptor, therefore appears involved in the pathogenesis of ZIKV-induced orchitis and oligospermia. Furthermore, DAP12 expression was found to be decreased in the testis and epididymis tissues of clec5a-/-stat1-/- mice. As for CLEC5A deficient mice, ZIKV-infected DAP12-deficient mice also showed reductions in testicular ZIKV titer and local inflammation, as well as improved spermatozoa function, as compared to controls. CLEC5A-associated DAP12 signaling appears to in part regulate ZIKV-induced testicular damage. CONCLUSIONS Our analyses reveal a critical role for CLEC5A in ZIKV-induced proinflammatory responses, as CLEC5A enables leukocytes to infiltrate past the blood-testis barrier and induce testicular and epididymal tissue damage. CLEC5A is thus a potential therapeutic target for the prevention of injuries to male reproductive organs in ZIKV patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Wei Wang
- grid.59784.370000000406229172National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, 350401 Taiwan ,grid.59784.370000000406229172National Mosquito-Borne Diseases Control Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, 350401 Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Han Li
- grid.59784.370000000406229172National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, 350401 Taiwan ,grid.59784.370000000406229172National Mosquito-Borne Diseases Control Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, 350401 Taiwan ,grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - Shih-Cheng Wu
- grid.59784.370000000406229172National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, 350401 Taiwan ,grid.19188.390000 0004 0546 0241Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10048 Taiwan ,grid.412094.a0000 0004 0572 7815Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10021 Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Kang Tang
- grid.59784.370000000406229172National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, 350401 Taiwan ,grid.260542.70000 0004 0532 3749Program of Plant Protection and Health, Academy of Circular Economy, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402202 Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ying Yu
- grid.59784.370000000406229172National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, 350401 Taiwan ,grid.19188.390000 0004 0546 0241Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617 Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chen Chang
- grid.59784.370000000406229172National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, 350401 Taiwan
| | - Pei-Shan Sung
- grid.28665.3f0000 0001 2287 1366Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529 Taiwan
| | - Wei-Liang Liu
- grid.59784.370000000406229172National Mosquito-Borne Diseases Control Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, 350401 Taiwan
| | - Matthew P. Su
- grid.27476.300000 0001 0943 978XDepartment of Biological Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8602 Japan ,grid.27476.300000 0001 0943 978XInstitute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601 Japan
| | - Guann-Yi Yu
- grid.59784.370000000406229172National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, 350401 Taiwan
| | - Li-Rung Huang
- grid.59784.370000000406229172Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, 350401 Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hong Chen
- grid.59784.370000000406229172National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, 350401 Taiwan ,grid.59784.370000000406229172National Mosquito-Borne Diseases Control Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, 350401 Taiwan
| | - Shie-Liang Hsieh
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan. .,Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan. .,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan. .,Institute of Immunology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
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9
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Ohashi TS, Ishikawa Y, Awasaki T, Su MP, Yoneyama Y, Morimoto N, Kamikouchi A. Evolutionary conservation and diversification of auditory neural circuits that process courtship songs in Drosophila. Sci Rep 2023; 13:383. [PMID: 36611081 PMCID: PMC9825394 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27349-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Acoustic communication signals diversify even on short evolutionary time scales. To understand how the auditory system underlying acoustic communication could evolve, we conducted a systematic comparison of the early stages of the auditory neural circuit involved in song information processing between closely-related fruit-fly species. Male Drosophila melanogaster and D. simulans produce different sound signals during mating rituals, known as courtship songs. Female flies from these species selectively increase their receptivity when they hear songs with conspecific temporal patterns. Here, we firstly confirmed interspecific differences in temporal pattern preferences; D. simulans preferred pulse songs with longer intervals than D. melanogaster. Primary and secondary song-relay neurons, JO neurons and AMMC-B1 neurons, shared similar morphology and neurotransmitters between species. The temporal pattern preferences of AMMC-B1 neurons were also relatively similar between species, with slight but significant differences in their band-pass properties. Although the shift direction of the response property matched that of the behavior, these differences are not large enough to explain behavioral differences in song preferences. This study enhances our understanding of the conservation and diversification of the architecture of the early-stage neural circuit which processes acoustic communication signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuro S. Ohashi
- grid.27476.300000 0001 0943 978XGraduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602 Japan
| | - Yuki Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8602, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Awasaki
- grid.411205.30000 0000 9340 2869School of Medicine, Kyorin University, Tokyo, 181-8611 Japan
| | - Matthew P. Su
- grid.27476.300000 0001 0943 978XGraduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602 Japan ,grid.27476.300000 0001 0943 978XInstitute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601 Japan
| | - Yusuke Yoneyama
- grid.27476.300000 0001 0943 978XGraduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602 Japan
| | - Nao Morimoto
- grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0815 Japan
| | - Azusa Kamikouchi
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8602, Japan. .,Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan.
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10
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Xu YYJ, Loh YM, Lee TT, Ohashi TS, Su MP, Kamikouchi A. Serotonin modulation in the male Aedes aegypti ear influences hearing. Front Physiol 2022; 13:931567. [PMID: 36105279 PMCID: PMC9465180 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.931567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Male Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti) mosquitoes rely on hearing to identify conspecific females for mating, with the male attraction to the sound of flying females (“phonotaxis”) an important behavior in the initial courtship stage. Hearing thus represents a promising target for novel methods of mosquito control, and hearing behaviors (such as male phonotaxis) can be targeted via the use of sound traps. These traps unfortunately have proven to be relatively ineffective during field deployment. Shifting the target from hearing behavior to hearing function could therefore offer a novel method of interfering with Ae. aegypti mating. Numerous neurotransmitters, including serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, or 5-HT) and octopamine, are expressed in the male ear, with modulation of the latter proven to influence the mechanical responses of the ear to sound. The effect of serotonin modulation however remains underexplored despite its significant role in determining many key behaviors and biological processes of animals. Here we investigated the influence of serotonin on the Ae. aegypti hearing function and behaviors. Using immunohistochemistry, we found significant expression of serotonin in the male and female Ae. aegypti ears. In the male ear, presynaptic sites identified via antibody labelling showed only partial overlap with serotonin. Next, we used RT-qPCR to identify and quantify the expression levels of three different serotonin receptor families (5-HT1, 5-HT2, and 5-HT7) in the mosquito heads and ears. Although all receptors were identified in the ears of both sexes, those from the 5-HT7 family were significantly more expressed in the ears relative to the heads. We then thoracically injected serotonin-related compounds into the mosquitoes and found a significant, reversible effect of serotonin exposure on the male ear mechanical tuning frequency. Finally, oral administration of a serotonin-synthesis inhibitor altered male phonotaxis. The mosquito serotonergic system and its receptors thus represent interesting targets for novel methods of mosquito, and thus disease, control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Y. J. Xu
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - YuMin M. Loh
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tai-Ting Lee
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Matthew P. Su
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- *Correspondence: Matthew P. Su, ; Azusa Kamikouchi,
| | - Azusa Kamikouchi
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- *Correspondence: Matthew P. Su, ; Azusa Kamikouchi,
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11
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Cheng L, Liu WL, Su MP, Huang SC, Wang JR, Chen CH. Prohemocytes are the main cells infected by dengue virus in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:137. [PMID: 35449113 PMCID: PMC9027048 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05276-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The primary disease vectors for dengue virus (DENV) transmission between humans are the mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, with Ae. aegypti population size strongly correlated with DENV outbreaks. When a mosquito is infected with DENV, the virus migrates from the midgut to the salivary glands to complete the transmission cycle. How the virus crosses the hemocoel, resulting in systemic infection, is still unclear however. During viral infection and migration, the innate immune system is activated in defense. As part of cellular-mediated immunity, hemocytes are known to defend against bacteria and Plasmodium infection and may also participate in defending against DENV infection. Hemocytes are categorized into three cell types: prohemocytes, granulocytes, and oenocytoids. Here, we investigated which hemocytes can be infected by DENV and compare hemocyte infection between Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. Methods Hemocytes were collected from Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus mosquitoes that were intrathoracically infected with DENV2-GFP. The collected hemocytes were then identified via Giemsa staining and examined microscopically for morphological differences and viral infection. Results All three types of hemocytes were infected by DENV, though the predominantly infected cell type was prohemocytes. In Ae. aegypti, the highest and lowest infection rates at 7 days post infection occurred in prohemocytes and granulocytes, respectively. Prohemocytes were also the primary infection target of DENV in Ae. albopictus, with similar infection rates across the other two hemocyte groups. The ratios of hemocyte composition did not differ significantly between non-infected and infected mosquitoes for either species. Conclusions In this study, we showed that prohemocytes were the major type of hemocyte infected by DENV in both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. The infection rate of prohemocytes in Ae. albopictus was lower than that in Ae. aegypti, which may explain why systemic DENV infection in Ae. albopictus is less efficient than in Ae. aegypti and why Ae. albopictus is less correlated to dengue fever outbreaks. Future work in understanding the mechanisms behind these phenomena may help reduce arbovirus infection prevalence. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-022-05276-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lie Cheng
- National Mosquito-Borne Diseases Control Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Liang Liu
- National Mosquito-Borne Diseases Control Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Matthew P Su
- Institute of Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Biological Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shu-Chen Huang
- National Mosquito-Borne Diseases Control Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Ren Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hong Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan.
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12
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Pan CY, Cheng L, Liu WL, Su MP, Ho HP, Liao CH, Chang JH, Yang YC, Hsu CC, Huang JJ, Chen CH. Comparison of Fan-Traps and Gravitraps for Aedes Mosquito Surveillance in Taiwan. Front Public Health 2022; 10:778736. [PMID: 35372249 PMCID: PMC8968103 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.778736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A key component of integrated vector management strategies is the efficient implementation of mosquito traps for surveillance and control. Numerous trap types have been created with distinct designs and capture mechanisms, but identification of the most effective trap type is critical for effective implementation. For dengue vector surveillance, previous studies have demonstrated that active traps utilizing CO2 attractant are more effective than passive traps for capturing Aedes mosquitoes. However, maintaining CO2 supply in traps is so labor intensive as to be likely unfeasible in crowded residential areas, and it is unclear how much more effective active traps lacking attractants are than purely passive traps. In this study, we analyzed Aedes capture data collected in 2019 from six urban areas in Kaohsiung City to compare Aedes mosquito catch rates between (passive) gravitraps and (active) fan-traps. The average gravitrap index (GI) and fan-trap index (FI) values were 0.68 and 3.39 respectively at peak catch times from June to August 2019, with consistently higher FI values calculated in all areas studied. We compared trap indices to reported cases of dengue fever and correlated them with weekly fluctuations in temperature and rainfall. We found that FI trends aligned more closely with case numbers and rainfall than GI values, supporting the use of fan-traps for Aedes mosquito surveillance and control as part of broader vector management strategies. Furthermore, combining fan-trap catch data with rapid testing for dengue infections may improve the early identification and prevention of future disease outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Ying Pan
- Department of Health, Kaohsiung City Government, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Lie Cheng
- National Mosquito-Borne Diseases Control Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Liang Liu
- National Mosquito-Borne Diseases Control Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Matthew P. Su
- Institute of Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Biological Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hui-Pin Ho
- Department of Health, Kaohsiung City Government, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Che-Hun Liao
- Department of Health, Kaohsiung City Government, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Hun Chang
- Environmental Protection Bureau, Kaohsiung City Government, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chieh Yang
- Environmental Protection Bureau, Kaohsiung City Government, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chun Hsu
- National Mosquito-Borne Diseases Control Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Joh-Jong Huang
- Department of Health, Kaohsiung City Government, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Chun-Hong Chen
| | - Chun-Hong Chen
- National Mosquito-Borne Diseases Control Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
- Joh-Jong Huang
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13
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Landry EC, Scholte M, Su MP, Horstink Y, Mandavia R, Rovers MM, Schilder AGM. Early Health Economic Modeling of Novel Therapeutics in Age-Related Hearing Loss. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:769983. [PMID: 35310110 PMCID: PMC8930912 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.769983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundHealth systems face challenges to accelerate access to innovations that add value and avoid those unlikely to do so. This is very timely to the field of age-related sensorineural hearing loss (ARHL), where a significant unmet market need has been identified and sizeable investments made to promote the development of novel hearing therapeutics (NT). This study aims to apply health economic modeling to inform the development of cost-effective NT.MethodsWe developed a decision-analytic model to assess the potential costs and effects of using regenerative NT in patients ≥50 with ARHL. This was compared to the current standard of care including hearing aids and cochlear implants. Input data was collected from systematic literature searches and expert opinion. A UK NHS healthcare perspective was adopted. Three different but related analyses were performed using probabilistic modeling: (1) headroom analysis, (2) scenario analyses, and (3) threshold analyses.ResultsThe headroom analysis shows an incremental net monetary benefit (iNMB) of £20,017[£11,299–£28,737] compared to the standard of care due to quality-adjusted life-years (QALY) gains and cost savings. Higher therapeutic efficacy and access for patients with all degrees of hearing loss yields higher iNMBs. Threshold analyses shows that the ceiling price of the therapeutic increases with more severe degrees of hearing loss.ConclusionNT for ARHL are potentially cost-effective under current willingness-to-pay (WTP) thresholds with considerable room for improvement in the current standard of care pathway. Our model can be used to help decision makers decide which therapeutics represent value for money and are worth commissioning, thereby paving the way for urgently needed NT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evie C. Landry
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, St. Paul’s Hospital, BC Rotary Hearing and Balance Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre Hearing Theme, London, United Kingdom
- evidENT, Ear Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mirre Scholte
- Department of Operating Rooms, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Matthew P. Su
- National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre Hearing Theme, London, United Kingdom
- evidENT, Ear Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yvette Horstink
- Department of Operating Rooms, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Rishi Mandavia
- National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre Hearing Theme, London, United Kingdom
- evidENT, Ear Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maroeska M. Rovers
- Department of Operating Rooms, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Anne G. M. Schilder
- National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre Hearing Theme, London, United Kingdom
- evidENT, Ear Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Anne G. M. Schilder,
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14
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Somers J, Georgiades M, Su MP, Bagi J, Andrés M, Alampounti A, Mills G, Ntabaliba W, Moore SJ, Spaccapelo R, Albert JT. Hitting the right note at the right time: Circadian control of audibility in Anopheles mosquito mating swarms is mediated by flight tones. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabl4844. [PMID: 35020428 PMCID: PMC8754303 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl4844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Mating swarms of malaria mosquitoes form every day at sunset throughout the tropical world. They typically last less than 30 minutes. Activity must thus be highly synchronized between the sexes. Moreover, males must identify the few sporadically entering females by detecting the females’ faint flight tones. We show that the Anopheles circadian clock not only ensures a tight synchrony of male and female activity but also helps sharpen the males’ acoustic detection system: By raising their flight tones to 1.5 times the female flight tone, males enhance the audibility of females, specifically at swarm time. Previously reported “harmonic convergence” events are only a random by-product of the mosquitoes’ flight tone variance and not a signature of acoustic interaction between males and females. The flight tones of individual mosquitoes occupy narrow, partly non-overlapping frequency ranges, suggesting that the audibility of individual females varies across males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Somers
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Grays Inn Road, London WC1X 8EE, UK
- Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Marcos Georgiades
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Grays Inn Road, London WC1X 8EE, UK
- Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Matthew P. Su
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Grays Inn Road, London WC1X 8EE, UK
- Division of Biological Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Judit Bagi
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Grays Inn Road, London WC1X 8EE, UK
- Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Marta Andrés
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Grays Inn Road, London WC1X 8EE, UK
- Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Alexandros Alampounti
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Grays Inn Road, London WC1X 8EE, UK
- Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Gordon Mills
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Grays Inn Road, London WC1X 8EE, UK
| | - Watson Ntabaliba
- Vector Control Product Testing Unit, Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, Tanzania
| | - Sarah J. Moore
- Vector Control Product Testing Unit, Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, Tanzania
- Epidemiology and Public Health Department, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, Basel 4051, Switzerland
| | - Roberta Spaccapelo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Centro Universitario di Ricerca sulla Genomica Funzionale (C.U.R.Ge.F), University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Biotecnologie (CIB) Trieste, Italy
| | - Joerg T. Albert
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Grays Inn Road, London WC1X 8EE, UK
- Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
- Corresponding author.
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15
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Abstract
Implementation of CRISPR/Cas9 methodologies for mosquito gene editing has not yet become widespread. This protocol details the procedure for Aedes aegypti mosquito gene editing using homology-directed repair and fluorescent marker insertion, which facilitates the generation and screening of mutant mosquito lines for gene function testing. We describe optimized methods for single guide RNA plasmid preparation, homologous recombination donor plasmid construction, embryo microinjection, and precise gene knock-in confirmation. We also provide general guidance for establishing mutant mosquito lines. For details on the practical use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Li et al. (2020).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsing-Han Li
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Chiuan Li
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan
| | - Matthew P. Su
- Department of Biological Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Kun-Lin Liu
- National Mosquito-Borne Diseases Control Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hong Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan
- National Mosquito-Borne Diseases Control Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan
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16
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Lee T, Chen P, Su MP, Li J, Chang Y, Liu R, Juan H, Yang J, Chan S, Tsai Y, Stockum S, Ziviani E, Kamikouchi A, Wang H, Chen C. Loss of Fis1 impairs proteostasis during skeletal muscle aging in Drosophila. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13379. [PMID: 34061429 PMCID: PMC8208795 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased levels of dysfunctional mitochondria within skeletal muscle are correlated with numerous age‐related physiopathological conditions. Improving our understanding of the links between mitochondrial function and muscle proteostasis, and the role played by individual genes and regulatory networks, is essential to develop treatments for these conditions. One potential player is the mitochondrial outer membrane protein Fis1, a crucial fission factor heavily involved in mitochondrial dynamics in yeast but with an unknown role in higher‐order organisms. By using Drosophila melanogaster as a model, we explored the effect of Fis1 mutations generated by transposon Minos‐mediated integration. Mutants exhibited a higher ratio of damaged mitochondria with age as well as elevated reactive oxygen species levels compared with controls. This caused an increase in oxidative stress, resulting in large accumulations of ubiquitinated proteins, accelerated muscle function decline, and mitochondrial myopathies in young mutant flies. Ectopic expression of Fis1 isoforms was sufficient to suppress this phenotype. Loss of Fis1 led to unbalanced mitochondrial proteostasis within fly muscle, decreasing both flight capabilities and lifespan. Fis1 thus clearly plays a role in fly mitochondrial dynamics. Further investigations into the detailed function of Fis1 are necessary for exploring how mitochondrial function correlates with muscle health during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai‐Ting Lee
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology National Health Research Institutes Zhunan Taiwan
- Division of Biological Science Graduate School of Science Nagoya University Nagoya Japan
- Institute of Biotechnology National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan
| | - Po‐Lin Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology National Health Research Institutes Zhunan Taiwan
- National Mosquito‐Borne Diseases Control Research Center National Health Research Institutes Zhunan Taiwan
| | - Matthew P. Su
- Division of Biological Science Graduate School of Science Nagoya University Nagoya Japan
| | - Jian‐Chiuan Li
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology National Health Research Institutes Zhunan Taiwan
| | - Yi‐Wen Chang
- Department of Life Science National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Rei‐Wen Liu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology National Health Research Institutes Zhunan Taiwan
- Department of Life Science and Life Science Center Tunghai University Taichung Taiwan
| | - Hsueh‐Fen Juan
- Department of Life Science National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Jinn‐Moon Yang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan
| | - Shih‐Peng Chan
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology College of Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program College of Life Science National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Yu‐Chen Tsai
- Department of Life Science and Life Science Center Tunghai University Taichung Taiwan
| | - Sophia Stockum
- Department of Biology University of Padova Padova Italy
- Fondazione Ospedale San Camillo IRCCS, Lido di Venezia Venezia Italy
| | - Elena Ziviani
- Department of Biology University of Padova Padova Italy
- Fondazione Ospedale San Camillo IRCCS, Lido di Venezia Venezia Italy
| | - Azusa Kamikouchi
- Division of Biological Science Graduate School of Science Nagoya University Nagoya Japan
| | - Horng‐Dar Wang
- Institute of Biotechnology National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan
| | - Chun‐Hong Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology National Health Research Institutes Zhunan Taiwan
- National Mosquito‐Borne Diseases Control Research Center National Health Research Institutes Zhunan Taiwan
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17
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Cheng L, Liu WL, Tsou YT, Li JC, Chien CH, Su MP, Liu KL, Huang YL, Wu SC, Tsai JJ, Hsieh SL, Chen CH. Transgenic Expression of Human C-Type Lectin Protein CLEC18A Reduces Dengue Virus Type 2 Infectivity in Aedes aegypti. Front Immunol 2021; 12:640367. [PMID: 33767710 PMCID: PMC7985527 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.640367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The C-type lectins, one family of lectins featuring carbohydrate binding domains which participate in a variety of bioprocesses in both humans and mosquitoes, including immune response, are known to target DENV. A human C-type lectin protein CLEC18A in particular shows extensive glycan binding abilities and correlates with type-I interferon expression, making CLEC18A a potential player in innate immune responses to DENV infection; this potential may provide additional regulatory point in improving mosquito immunity. Here, we established for the first time a transgenic Aedes aegypti line that expresses human CLEC18A. This expression enhanced the Toll immune pathway responses to DENV infection. Furthermore, viral genome and virus titers were reduced by 70% in the midgut of transgenic mosquitoes. We found significant changes in the composition of the midgut microbiome in CLEC18A expressing mosquitoes, which may result from the Toll pathway enhancement and contribute to DENV inhibition. Transgenic mosquito lines offer a compelling option for studying DENV pathogenesis, and our analyses indicate that modifying the mosquito immune system via expression of a human immune gene can significantly reduce DENV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lie Cheng
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.,Tropical Medicine Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Liang Liu
- National Mosquito-Borne Diseases Control Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ting Tsou
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Chiuan Li
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hao Chien
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Matthew P Su
- Department of Biological Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kun-Lin Liu
- National Mosquito-Borne Diseases Control Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Lang Huang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Cheng Wu
- National Mosquito-Borne Diseases Control Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Jih-Jin Tsai
- Tropical Medicine Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shie-Liang Hsieh
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hong Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.,National Mosquito-Borne Diseases Control Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
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Tumkur TU, Sokhoyan R, Su MP, Ceballos-Sanchez A, Kafaie Shirmanesh G, Kim Y, Atwater HA, Feigenbaum E, Elhadj S. Toward high laser power beam manipulation with nanophotonic materials: evaluating thin film damage performance. Opt Express 2021; 29:7261-7275. [PMID: 33726231 DOI: 10.1364/oe.413843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanophotonic materials enable unprecedented control of light-matter interactions, including the ability to dynamically steer or shape wavefronts. Consequently, nanophotonic systems such as metasurfaces have been touted as promising candidates for free-space optical communications, directed energy and additive manufacturing, which currently rely on slow mechanical scanners or electro-optical components for beam steering and shaping. However, such applications necessitate the ability to support high laser irradiances (> kW/cm2) and systematic studies on the high-power laser damage performance of nanophotonic materials and designs are sparse. Here, we experimentally investigate the pulsed laser-induced damage performance (at λ ∼ 1 µm) of model nanophotonic thin films including gold, indium tin oxide, and refractory materials such as titanium nitride and titanium oxynitride. We also model the spatio-thermal dissipation dynamics upon single-pulse illumination by anchoring experimental laser damage thresholds. Our findings show that gold exhibits the best laser damage resistance, but we argue that alternative materials such as transparent conducting oxides could be optimized to balance the tradeoff between damage resistance and optical tunability, which is critical for the design of thermally robust nanophotonic systems. We also discuss damage mitigation and ruggedization strategies for future device-scale studies and applications requiring high power beam manipulation.
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Su MP, Georgiades M, Bagi J, Kyrou K, Crisanti A, Albert JT. Assessing the acoustic behaviour of Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) dsxF mutants: implications for vector control. Parasit Vectors 2020; 13:507. [PMID: 33028410 PMCID: PMC7539510 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-04382-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Release of gene-drive mutants to suppress Anopheles mosquito reproduction is a promising method of malaria control. However, many scientific, regulatory and ethical questions remain before transgenic mosquitoes can be utilised in the field. At a behavioural level, gene-drive carrying mutants should be at least as sexually attractive as the wildtype populations they compete against, with a key element of Anopheles copulation being acoustic courtship. We analysed sound emissions and acoustic preference in a doublesex mutant previously used to collapse Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) cages. METHODS Anopheles rely on flight tones produced by the beating of their wings for acoustic mating communication. We assessed the impact of disrupting a female-specific isoform of the doublesex gene (dsxF) on the wing beat frequency (WBF; measured as flight tone) of males (XY) and females (XX) in homozygous dsxF- mutants (dsxF-/-), heterozygous dsxF- carriers (dsxF+/-) and G3 dsxF+ controls (dsxF+/+). To exclude non-genetic influences, we controlled for temperature and wing length. We used a phonotaxis assay to test the acoustic preferences of mutant and control mosquitoes. RESULTS A previous study showed an altered phenotype only for dsxF-/- females, who appear intersex, suggesting that the female-specific dsxF allele is haplosufficient. We identified significant, dose-dependent increases in the WBF of both dsxF-/- and dsxF+/- females compared to dsxF+/+ females. All female WBFs remained significantly lower than male equivalents, though. Males showed stronger phonotactic responses to the WBFs of control dsxF+/+ females than to those of dsxF+/- and dsxF-/- females. We found no evidence of phonotaxis in any female genotype. No male genotypes displayed any deviations from controls. CONCLUSIONS A prerequisite for anopheline copulation is the phonotactic attraction of males towards female flight tones within mating swarms. Reductions in mutant acoustic attractiveness diminish their mating efficiency and thus the efficacy of population control efforts. Caged population assessments may not successfully reproduce natural mating scenarios. We propose to amend existing testing protocols to better reflect competition between mutants and target populations. Our findings confirm that dsxF disruption has no effect on males; for some phenotypic traits, such as female WBFs, the effects of dsxF appear dose-dependent rather than haplosufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P Su
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Grays Inn Road, London, WC1X 8EE, UK.,The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK.,Division of Biological Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Marcos Georgiades
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Grays Inn Road, London, WC1X 8EE, UK.,The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Judit Bagi
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Grays Inn Road, London, WC1X 8EE, UK.,The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Kyros Kyrou
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Andrea Crisanti
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Joerg T Albert
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Grays Inn Road, London, WC1X 8EE, UK. .,The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK.
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Cheng L, Liu WL, Li HH, Su MP, Wu SC, Chen HW, Pan CY, Tsai JJ, Chen CH. Releasing Intracellular NS1 from Mosquito Cells for the Detection of Dengue Virus-Infected Mosquitoes. Viruses 2020; 12:v12101105. [PMID: 33003584 PMCID: PMC7599882 DOI: 10.3390/v12101105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV), the pathogen that causes dengue fever, is mainly transmitted by Aedes aegypti. Surveillance of infected mosquitoes is a major component of integrated mosquito control methods for reducing the risk of vector-born disease outbreaks. However, a specialized rapid test for DENV detection in mosquitoes is not currently available. Utilizing immunoblotting, we found that the secretion of NS1 from both a DENV-infected mosquito cell line and mosquito bodies was below the detection threshold. However, when Triton X-100 was used to lyse infected mosquitoes, intracellular NS1 was released, and could then be effectively detected by the NS1 rapid test. The distribution of DENV NS1 in intrathoracically infected mosquitoes was different from that of orally infected mosquitoes. Next, we performed sensitivity tests by bisecting mosquitoes longitudinally; one half of each mosquito was subjected to the NS1 rapid test while the other half was used for qPCR confirmation. This modified test had a sensitivity of nearly 90% from five days post-infection onwards, while DENV had escaped from the midgut barrier. This adapted test offers a valuable, easy-to-use tool for mosquito surveillance, which is a crucial component of DENV disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lie Cheng
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan; (L.C.); (H.-H.L.); (H.-W.C.)
- Tropical Medicine Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807377, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Liang Liu
- National Mosquito-Borne Diseases Control Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan; (W.-L.L.); (S.-C.W.)
| | - Hsing-Han Li
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan; (L.C.); (H.-H.L.); (H.-W.C.)
- Institution of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Matthew P. Su
- Department of Biological Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan;
| | - Shih-Cheng Wu
- National Mosquito-Borne Diseases Control Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan; (W.-L.L.); (S.-C.W.)
| | - Hsin-Wei Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan; (L.C.); (H.-H.L.); (H.-W.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 110001, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ying Pan
- Department of Health, Kaohsiung City Government, Kaohsiung 800852, Taiwan;
| | - Jih-Jin Tsai
- Tropical Medicine Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807377, Taiwan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807377, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-J.T.); (C.-H.C.)
| | - Chun-Hong Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan; (L.C.); (H.-H.L.); (H.-W.C.)
- National Mosquito-Borne Diseases Control Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan; (W.-L.L.); (S.-C.W.)
- Correspondence: (J.-J.T.); (C.-H.C.)
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21
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Li HH, Cai Y, Li JC, Su MP, Liu WL, Cheng L, Chou SJ, Yu GY, Wang HD, Chen CH. C-Type Lectins Link Immunological and Reproductive Processes in Aedes aegypti. iScience 2020; 23:101486. [PMID: 32891883 PMCID: PMC7481239 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Physiological trade-offs between mosquito immune response and reproductive capability can arise due to insufficient resource availability. C-type lectin family members may be involved in these processes. We established a GCTL-3-/- mutant Aedes aegypti using CRISPR/Cas9 to investigate the role of GCTL-3 in balancing the costs associated with immune responses to arboviral infection and reproduction. GCTL-3-/- mutants showed significantly reduced DENV-2 infection rate and gut commensal microbiota populations, as well as upregulated JAK/STAT, IMD, Toll, and AMPs immunological pathways. Mutants also had significantly shorter lifespans than controls and laid fewer eggs due to defective germ line development. dsRNA knock-down of Attacin and Gambicin, two targets of the AMPs pathway, partially rescued this reduction in reproductive capabilities. Upregulation of immune response following GCTL-3 knock-out therefore comes at a cost to reproductive fitness. Knock-out of other lectins may further improve our knowledge of the molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying reproduction-immunity trade-offs in mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsing-Han Li
- Institution of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan; National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan
| | - Yu Cai
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, 117604, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 117558, Singapore
| | - Jian-Chiuan Li
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan
| | - Matthew P Su
- Department of Biological Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Wei-Liang Liu
- National Mosquito-Borne Diseases Control Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan
| | - Lie Cheng
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Jen Chou
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115201, Taiwan
| | - Guann-Yi Yu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Dar Wang
- Institution of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hong Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan; National Mosquito-Borne Diseases Control Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan.
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Andrés M, Su MP, Albert J, Cator LJ. Buzzkill: targeting the mosquito auditory system. Curr Opin Insect Sci 2020; 40:11-17. [PMID: 32505906 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2020.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Sound plays an important role in mosquito sensory ecology. Acoustic perception and acoustically driven behaviours therefore represent potentially effective control targets. Previous scientific efforts around acoustic-based control and surveillance have not been systematic and ambiguity around the exact role of acoustic communication in conspecific interactions remains. Here, we briefly review recent advances in mosquito auditory physiology and behavioural ecology as well as ongoing activities to incorporate sound into control and surveillance tools. We highlight areas where increased collaboration between physiologists, molecular biologists, behavioural ecologists and control experts is needed to capitalize on this progress and realize the potential of sound-based technologies and strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Andrés
- Ear Institute, University College London, London, WC1X 8EE, United Kingdom; The Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew P Su
- Ear Institute, University College London, London, WC1X 8EE, United Kingdom; Division of Biological Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Joerg Albert
- Ear Institute, University College London, London, WC1X 8EE, United Kingdom; The Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, United Kingdom.
| | - Lauren J Cator
- Grand Challenges in Ecosystems and Environment, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot, SL5 7PY, United Kingdom.
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Anderson CR, Xie C, Su MP, Garcia M, Blackshaw H, Schilder AGM. Local Delivery of Therapeutics to the Inner Ear: The State of the Science. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:418. [PMID: 31649507 PMCID: PMC6794458 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Advances in the understanding of the genetic and molecular etiologies of inner ear disorders have enabled the identification of therapeutic targets and innovative delivery approaches to the inner ear. As this field grows, the need for knowledge about effective delivery of therapeutics to the inner ear has become a priority. This review maps all clinical and pre-clinical research published in English in the field to date, to guide both researchers and clinicians about local drug delivery methods in the context of novel therapeutics. Methods: A systematic search was conducted using customized strategies in Cochrane, pubmed and EMBASE databases from inception to 30/09/2018. Two researchers undertook study selection and data extraction independently. Results: Our search returned 12,200 articles, of which 837 articles met the inclusion criteria. 679 were original research and 158 were reviews. There has been a steady increase in the numbers of publications related to inner ear therapeutics delivery over the last three decades, with a sharp rise over the last 2 years. The intra-tympanic route accounts for over 70% of published articles. Less than one third of published research directly assesses delivery efficacy, with most papers using clinical efficacy as a surrogate marker. Conclusion: Research into local therapeutic delivery to the inner ear has undergone a recent surge, improving our understanding of how novel therapeutics can be delivered. Direct assessment of delivery efficacy is challenging, especially in humans, and progress in this area is key to understanding how to make decisions about delivery of novel hearing therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline R. Anderson
- evidENT, Ear Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carol Xie
- evidENT, Ear Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew P. Su
- evidENT, Ear Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Garcia
- evidENT, Ear Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Blackshaw
- evidENT, Ear Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anne G. M. Schilder
- evidENT, Ear Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom
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Su MP, Andrés M, Boyd-Gibbins N, Somers J, Albert JT. Sex and species specific hearing mechanisms in mosquito flagellar ears. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3911. [PMID: 30254270 PMCID: PMC6156513 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06388-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hearing is essential for the courtship of one of the major carriers of human disease, the mosquito. Males locate females through flight-tone recognition and both sexes engage in mid-air acoustic communications, which can take place within swarms containing thousands of individuals. Despite the importance of hearing for mosquitoes, its mechanisms are still largely unclear. We here report a multilevel analysis of auditory function across three disease-transmitting mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti, Anopheles gambiae and Culex quinquefasciatus). All ears tested display transduction-dependent power gain. Quantitative analyses of mechanotransducer function reveal sex-specific and species-specific variations, including male-specific, highly sensitive transducer populations. Systemic blocks of neurotransmission result in large-amplitude oscillations only in male flagellar receivers, indicating sexually dimorphic auditory gain control mechanisms. Our findings identify modifications of auditory function as a key feature in mosquito evolution. We propose that intra-swarm communication has been a driving force behind the observed sex-specific and species-specific diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P Su
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Gray's Inn Road, London, WC1X 8EE, UK
- Centre for Mathematics and Physics in the Life Sciences and Experimental Biology (CoMPLEX), University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Marta Andrés
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Gray's Inn Road, London, WC1X 8EE, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Nicholas Boyd-Gibbins
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Gray's Inn Road, London, WC1X 8EE, UK
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Jason Somers
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Gray's Inn Road, London, WC1X 8EE, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Joerg T Albert
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Gray's Inn Road, London, WC1X 8EE, UK.
- Centre for Mathematics and Physics in the Life Sciences and Experimental Biology (CoMPLEX), University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK.
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6DE, UK.
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