1
|
Kim JH, Pandit N, Yoo M, Park TH, Choi JU, Park CH, Jung KY, Lee BI. Crystal structure of [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazine derivatives as BRD4 bromodomain inhibitors and structure-activity relationship study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10805. [PMID: 37402749 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37527-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BRD4 contains two tandem bromodomains (BD1 and BD2) that recognize acetylated lysine for epigenetic reading, and these bromodomains are promising therapeutic targets for treating various diseases, including cancers. BRD4 is a well-studied target, and many chemical scaffolds for inhibitors have been developed. Research on the development of BRD4 inhibitors against various diseases is actively being conducted. Herein, we propose a series of [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazine derivatives as bromodomain inhibitors with micromolar IC50 values. We characterized the binding modes by determining the crystal structures of BD1 in complex with four selected inhibitors. Compounds containing [1,2,4] triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazine derivatives offer promising starting molecules for designing potent BRD4 BD inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hoon Kim
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, 10408, Republic of Korea
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang, Gyeonggi, 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Navin Pandit
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyoun Yoo
- Therapeutics and Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Park
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Ji U Choi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
- Therapeutics and Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Hoon Park
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
- Therapeutics and Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwan-Young Jung
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
- Therapeutics and Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea.
| | - Byung Il Lee
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, 10408, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang, Gyeonggi, 10408, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kim YH, Kim M, Kim JE, Yoo M, Lee HK, Lee CO, Yoo M, Jung KY, Kim Y, Choi SU, Park CH. Novel brd4 inhibitors with a unique scaffold exhibit antitumor effects. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:473. [PMID: 33907583 PMCID: PMC8063330 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Since bromodomain containing 4 (brd4) has been considered as a prominent cancer target, numerous attempts have been made to develop potent brd4 bromodomain inhibitors. The present study provided a novel chemical scaffold which inhibited brd4 activity. Mid-throughput screening against brd4 bromodomain was performed using alpha-screen and homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence assays. Furthermore, cell cytotoxicity and xenograft assays were performed to examine if the compound was effective both in vitro and in vivo. As a result, it was revealed that compounds having naphthalene-1,4-dione scaffold inhibited the binding of bromodomain to acetylated histone. The compounds with naphthalene-1,4-dione had cytotoxic effects against the Ty82 cell line, a NUT midline carcinoma cell line, whose proliferation is dependent on brd4 activity. A10, one of the compounds with naphthalene-1,4-dione scaffold, also exhibited tumor growth inhibition effects in the xenograft assay. In addition, the compounds exhibited cytotoxic effects against gastric cancer cell lines which were resistant to I-BET-762, a BET bromodomain inhibitor. In conclusion, the novel scaffold to suppress brd4 activity was effective against cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young Hun Kim
- Bio and Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsung Kim
- Bio and Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.,School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Kim
- Bio and Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyoun Yoo
- Bio and Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Heung Kyoung Lee
- Bio and Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong Ock Lee
- Bio and Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjin Yoo
- Bio and Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwan-Young Jung
- Bio and Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongrin Kim
- Bio and Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Un Choi
- Bio and Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Hoon Park
- Bio and Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lee JH, Yoo M, Lee SM, Park SJ, Kil TY, Kim MK. Toxicity of the recombinant human hyaluronidase ALT-BC4 on embryonic development. J Anim Sci Technol 2021; 63:272-280. [PMID: 33987603 PMCID: PMC8071738 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2021.e34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs), which contain immature oocytes, are matured
in vitro for in vitro embryo production. Oocyte and cumulus
cells are then separated using hyaluronidase. To date, there have only been a
few reported cases of the toxic effects of hyaluronidase on porcine oocytes. The
aim of this study was to compare the effects of bovine testis-derived
hyaluronidase and recombinant human hyaluronidase on oocyte denudation and
quality. Porcine COCs were matured for 44 h and denuded using different
hyaluronidase concentrations and exposure times. Then, oocytes were activated by
electrical parthenogenesis. In experiment 1, COCs were denuded using
bovine-derived, ovine-derived (Hirax), and human recombinant (ALT-BC4)
hyaluronidases for 10 and 20 min. In experiment 2, bovine-derived and human
recombinant (ALT-BC4 and ICSI Cumulase®) hyaluronidases were
used to denude the COCs for 2 and 20 min. In both experiments the oocytes were
all completely denuded, and there was no degeneration. Rate of embryo
development was significantly increased in group treated ALT-BC4 for 2 min and
not significantly different in other treatment groups. In general it slightly
decreased with longer exposure times. These results have confirmed that
different sources of hyaluronidase do not have detrimental effects on the
quality of porcine oocytes and suggest that the human recombinant hyaluronidase
ALT-BC4 is suitable for oocyte denudation with an increased blastocyst rate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hye Lee
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | | | | | | | - Tae Young Kil
- Department of Social Welfare, Joongbu University, Geumsan 32713, Korea
| | - Min Kyu Kim
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea.,MK Biotech, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nieri T, Webb M, Goodwin D, Yoo M. Falling short of a culture of health: Planning alcohol-permitted events at a U.S. university. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The Healthy Campus movement in the United States aims to infuse health promotion into higher education operations. We examined the extent to which event planners employ a culture-of-health approach related to alcohol consumption when planning alcohol-permitted events in a large, public university in California. We interviewed 31 event planners to assess their strategies for ensuring health and safety at the events and accommodating people in recovery from substance use disorders. We focused on events that involved faculty, staff, and graduate students. Event planners were most concerned about avoiding legal liabilities at the events, were less concerned about promoting responsible drinking among drinkers, and often failed to consider the needs of non-drinkers at the events. Their actions were informed by problematic beliefs about alcohol (e.g., people need alcohol to relax), drinkers (e.g., only undergraduate students engage in risky consumption), and people in recovery (e.g., they lack self-control). Planners over-relied on informal control to shape attendees' behavior, failing to acknowledge how contextual factors can shape individual behavior. Planners need to be educated about how to shape the event context to promote healthy behaviors, avoid exclusively focusing on preventing unhealthy behaviors and informal control, and promote better inclusion of people who don't drink.
Key messages
There is fertile ground for infusing a culture of health into events in higher education. Event planners need expanded perspectives that consider context, inclusivity, and health promotion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Nieri
- Sociology, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, USA
| | - M Webb
- Sociology, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, USA
| | - D Goodwin
- Sociology, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, USA
| | - M Yoo
- Sociology, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lischka A, Braid HE, Pannell JL, Pook CJ, Gaw S, Yoo M, Bolstad KSR. Regional assessment of trace element concentrations in arrow squids (Nototodarus gouldi, N. sloanii) from New Zealand waters: Bioaccessibility and impact on food web and human consumers. Environ Pollut 2020; 264:114662. [PMID: 32559885 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The New Zealand arrow squids, Nototodarus gouldi and N. sloanii, play an important role in the marine food web, and are both economically important fishery species. This study compares trace element concentrations (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Ni, Mn, Pb, U, and Zn) in these animals from different fishing locations within New Zealand's Exclusive Economic Zone (Auckland Islands, Chatham Rise, Dunedin, Golden Bay, Taranaki, and West Coast of the South Island). Muscular mantle (the tissue usually consumed by humans) and digestive gland tissue (the primary organ for trace element accumulation) concentrations were compared among regions, revealing size, species, and sampling location effects. Overall, N. gouldi had higher concentrations of As and Zn. The Taranaki region had the highest concentrations for Cd, Co, Cu, and Zn in both tissues analysed. To assess the bioaccessibility of these trace elements to humans, an in-vitro digestion simulation experiment was conducted, revealing bioavailable concentrations overall below the maximum levels presently considered tolerable for human consumption. However, the in-vitro digestion had no observable effect upon Cd concentrations in arrow squid mantle tissue (implying that the measured concentrations are bioaccessible to humans), and revealed that Cd had the highest potential impact on marine food webs and human health. Digestive gland concentrations in particular indicate that arrow squids can be considered important vectors for trace element transfer to top predators (mean concentration for Cd: 123 ± 148 μg g-1 dw), with region-specific differences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Lischka
- AUT Lab for Cephalopod Ecology & Systematics, School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, 1142, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - H E Braid
- AUT Lab for Cephalopod Ecology & Systematics, School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, 1142, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - J L Pannell
- AUT Lab for Cephalopod Ecology & Systematics, School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, 1142, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - C J Pook
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, 85 Park Rd, Grafton, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand
| | - S Gaw
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand
| | - M Yoo
- AUT Lab for Cephalopod Ecology & Systematics, School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, 1142, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - K S R Bolstad
- AUT Lab for Cephalopod Ecology & Systematics, School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, 1142, Auckland, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yoo M, Kim S, Kim BS, Yoo J, Lee S, Jang HC, Cho BL, Son SJ, Lee JH, Park YS, Roh E, Kim HJ, Lee SG, Kim BJ, Kim MJ, Won CW. Moderate hearing loss is related with social frailty in a community-dwelling older adults: The Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS). Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2019; 83:126-130. [PMID: 31003135 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether hearing loss is associated with social frailty in older adults. METHODS Cross-sectional analysis of cohort study data. Hearing was measured using of Pure-tone audiometry. Hearing loss was determined based on the average of hearing thresholds at 0.5, 1, and 2 kHz in the ear that had better hearing. Social frailty was defined based on the summation of the following 5 social components (1. Neighborhood meeting attendance 2. Talking to friend(s) sometimes 3.Someone gives you love and affection 4. Living alone 5. Meeting someone every day). Participants who had no correspondence to the components were considered non-social frailty; those with 1-2 components were considered social prefrailty; and those having 3 or more components were considered social frailty. RESULTS The prevalence of non-social frailty, social prefrailty, social frailty was 27.6%, 60.7% and 11.7% respectively. Of the five questions, two components (Neighborhood meeting attendance and Presence of someone who shows love and affection to the participants) were associated with hearing loss (p < 0.001). Compared to non-social frailty, the odds ratio of social frailty for hearing loss was 2.24 (95% CI 1.48-3.38) after adjusting for age, residential area, economic status, smoking, depressive disorder and MMSE, and 2.17 (95% CI 1.43-3.30) after further adjustments with physical frailty. CONCLUSION Hearing loss was associated with social frailty even after controlling confounding factors even including physical frailty.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Yoo
- Department of Family Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, kyungheedaero 23, dongdaemun-gu, 02447, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, kyungheedaero 23, dongdaemun-gu, 02447, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - B S Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, kyungheedaero 23, dongdaemun-gu, 02447, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Yoo
- Department of Family Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, kyungheedaero 23, dongdaemun-gu, 02447, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, kyungheedaero 23, dongdaemun-gu, 02447, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H C Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - B L Cho
- Department of Family Medicine, Center for Health Promotion and Optimal Aging, Seoul National University College of Medicine & Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Son
- Department of Psychiatry, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Lee
- Catholic institute of U-healthcare, The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - E Roh
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - S G Lee
- Department of Physical & Rehabilitation Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - B J Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - M J Kim
- East-West Medical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C W Won
- Department of Family Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, kyungheedaero 23, dongdaemun-gu, 02447, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Elderly Frailty Research Center, Department of Family Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, kyungheedaero 23, dongdaemun-gu, 02447, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Strategies are needed to improve recruitment of low-income adolescents into oral health studies. OBJECTIVES In this study, we assessed the feasibility of recruiting Medicaid-enrolled adolescents into a neighborhood-level oral health study using Medicaid enrollment files and to evaluate the degree of bias in the final recruited study population. METHODS We obtained Medicaid enrollment files from the Oregon Health Authority for 15,440 Medicaid enrollees aged 12 to 17 y from Multnomah, Hood River, and Tillamook counties. We attempted to contact the primary caregiver of each adolescent by telephone, and we tracked contact, recruitment, enrollment, and study completion rates. We further assessed if these rates were different across county-level rurality, neighborhood-level income, and caregiver-level language preference (Spanish vs. English). The Pearson chi-square test was used to compare rates (α = 0.05). We contacted 6,202 caregivers (40.2%), recruited 738 adolescents (11.9%), enrolled 335 (45.4%), and had complete data for 284 (84.8%). The overall enrollment yield from contacted caregivers was 5.4%. Contact rates did not differ significantly by rurality (P = 0.897), but they were significantly lower in the lowest-income neighborhoods (P = 0.023). Recruitment rates were significantly higher for adolescents from rural counties (P = 0.001), but they did not differ by income or language preference. Enrollment rates were significantly higher among adolescents from rural counties (P < 0.001) and were significantly associated with income (P = 0.041), but they were not different by language preference (P = 0.083). Among participants with complete data, there were no differences by rurality or income, but a significantly larger proportion of adolescents with complete data had caregivers with a language preference for Spanish (P = 0.043). RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS It is feasible to recruit Medicaid-enrolled adolescents into a neighborhood oral health study through the use of Medicaid files. County-, neighborhood-, and caregiver-level factors may influence characteristics of the final study population. Additional research is needed to improve recruitment of Medicaid enrollees into neighborhood oral health studies. KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT Researchers can use the results of this study to plan neighborhood-level oral health studies involving recruitment of low-income adolescents. Findings further underscore the importance of assessing factors related to recruitment to evaluate participant bias and the generalizability of study findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A A Basson
- 1 Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - M Yoo
- 1 Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - D L Chi
- 1 Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lee S, Lee H, Park J, Yoon S, So B, Seo H, Kim K, Yoo M, Cho Y, Hyun B. Seroprevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Borrelia burgdorferi, baBesia gibsoni, Ehrlichia canis and Ehrlichia chaffeensis in dogs from the republic of Korea. J Comp Pathol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2018.10.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
9
|
Lee S, Kim S, Kim M, Yoo J, Kim B, Yoo M, Won CW. An Optimal Questionnaire Representing Slow Gait Speed(<1m/s) in Community-dwelling Older Adults: The Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS). J Nutr Health Aging 2019; 23:648-653. [PMID: 31367730 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-019-1213-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to find an optimal questionnaire to evaluate the slow gait speed seen in community dwelling elderly. DESIGN Four questions asking about difficulty in walking were compared against the measured usual gait speed. The questions were: 1) Is it difficult to walk 100 m without help? 2) Is it difficult to walk 300 m without help? 3) Is it difficult to walk around one lap of a 400-meter track without help? 4) Can you cross a crosswalk before the green on the crosswalk light turns red? PARTICIPANTS The subjects were 1479 older adults aged 70 to 84 years who had responded to the four questions and completed gait speed measuring in the first baseline year (2016) of the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study. RESULTS Of the four questions, "Is it difficult to walk around one lap of track (400 m) without help?" showed the highest kappa coefficient (0.357), sensitivity (0.61), and negative predictive value (0.82). CONCLUSION Based on the results of this study, the authors suggest that "Difficulty in walking around one lap of a 400-m track without help" may be the best question to use when evaluating slow gait speed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Lee
- Chang Won Won, Ph.D. Elderly Frailty Research Center, Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University , 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea. Tel:+82 2 958 8697, E-mail:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kim D, Choi KY, Yoo M, Zylstra GJ, Kim E. Biotechnological Potential of Rhodococcus Biodegradative Pathways. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 28:1037-1051. [DOI: 10.4014/jmb.1712.12017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
|
11
|
Abstract
The genus Rhodococcus is a phylogenetically and catabolically diverse group that has been isolated from diverse environments, including polar and alpine regions, for its versatile ability to degrade a wide variety of natural and synthetic organic compounds. Their metabolic capacity and diversity result from their diverse catabolic genes, which are believed to be obtained through frequent recombination events mediated by large catabolic plasmids. Many rhodococci have been used commercially for the biodegradation of environmental pollutants and for the biocatalytic production of high-value chemicals from low-value materials. Recent studies of their physiology, metabolism, and genome have broadened our knowledge regarding the diverse biotechnological applications that exploit their catabolic enzymes and pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dockyu Kim
- Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Young Choi
- University College, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyoun Yoo
- Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Gerben J Zylstra
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, NJ 08901-8520, USA
| | - Eungbin Kim
- Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kim YH, Kim M, Yoo M, Kim JE, Lee HK, Heo JN, Lee CO, Yoo M, Jung KY, Yun CS, Moon SW, Chang HK, Chung CW, Pyo S, Choi SU, Park CH. A natural compound, aristoyagonine, is identified as a potent bromodomain inhibitor by mid-throughput screening. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 503:882-887. [PMID: 29928885 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.06.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (Brd4) is known to play a key role in tumorigenesis. It binds acetylated histones to regulate the expression of numerous genes. Because of the importance of brd4 in tumorigenesis, much research has been undertaken to develop brd4 inhibitors with therapeutic potential. As a result, various scaffolds for bromodomain inhibitors have been identified. To discover new scaffolds, we performed mid-throughput screening using two different enzyme assays, alpha-screen and ELISA. We found a novel bromodomain inhibitor with a unique scaffold, aristoyagonine. This natural compound showed inhibitory activity in vitro and tumor growth inhibition in a Ty82-xenograft mouse model. In addition, we tested Brd4 inhibitors in gastric cancer cell lines, and found that aristoyagonine exerted cytotoxicity not only in I-BET-762-sensitive cancer cells, but also in I-BET-762-resistant cancer cells. This is the first paper to describe a natural compound as a Brd4 bromodomain inhibitor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young Hun Kim
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsung Kim
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea; School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City, Kyunggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyoun Yoo
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Kim
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Heung Kyoung Lee
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Nyoung Heo
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong Ock Lee
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjin Yoo
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea; Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwan-Young Jung
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea; Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Soo Yun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea; Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Woong Moon
- Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Kyung Chang
- LegoChem Biosciences, Inc, 8-26 Munoyeongseo-ro, Daedeok-gu, Daejeon, 34302, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Woong Chung
- LegoChem Biosciences, Inc, 8-26 Munoyeongseo-ro, Daedeok-gu, Daejeon, 34302, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhkneung Pyo
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City, Kyunggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Un Choi
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chi Hoon Park
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea; Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yoo M, Yoo M, Kim JE, Lee HK, Lee CO, Park CH, Jung KY. Synthesis and biological evaluation of indazole-4,7-dione derivatives as novel BRD4 inhibitors. Arch Pharm Res 2017; 41:46-56. [PMID: 29103140 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-017-0978-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) is known to regulate the expression of c-Myc to control the proliferation of cancer cells. Therefore, development of small-molecule inhibitors targeting the bromodomain has been widely studied. However, some clinical trials on BRD4 inhibitors have shown its drawbacks such as toxicity including the loss of organ weight. Here, we report the development of the novel and promising scaffold, 1H-indazol-4,7-dione, as a bromodomain inhibitor and synthesized derivatives for the inhibition of binding of bromodomain to acetylated histone peptide. Through this effort, we obtained 6-chloro-5-((2,6-difluorophenyl)amino)-1H-indazole-4,7-dione (5i), which showed a highly potent activity with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 60 nM. The in vivo xenograft assay confirmed that the 1H-indazol-4,7-dione compound reduced the tumor size significantly. These results show that the 1H-indazol-4,7-dione scaffold is highly potent against bromodomain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minjin Yoo
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyoun Yoo
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Kim
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Heung Kyoung Lee
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong Ock Lee
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Hoon Park
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwan-Young Jung
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Park SJ, Kim E, Yoo M, Lee JY, Park CH, Hwang JY, Ha JD. Synthesis and biological evaluation of N9-cis-cyclobutylpurine derivatives for use as cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:4399-4404. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
15
|
JoungSun P, Pyo J, Jeon H, Kim Y, Yoo M. DNA DAMAGE RESPONSE IS ESSENTIAL FOR THE MAINTENANCE OF INTESTINAL HOMEOSTASIS WITH AGE. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P. JoungSun
- Pusan National University, Busan, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - J. Pyo
- Pusan National University, Busan, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - H. Jeon
- Pusan National University, Busan, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Y. Kim
- Pusan National University, Busan, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - M. Yoo
- Pusan National University, Busan, Korea (the Republic of)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kim J, Yoo M, Park H, Yu Y, Jo I, Park D, Hwang Y. Immunosuppressive effects of tonsil derived mesenchymal stem cells by proinflammatory cytokines. Cytotherapy 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.02.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
17
|
Biskupiak JE, Telford C, Yoo M, Unni SK, Ye X, Deka R, Brixner DI, Stenehjem DD. Abstract P3-12-03: Evaluation of women with BRCA mutations and breast cancer tested at an NCI designated comprehensive cancer center: A cost of illness estimation. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-p3-12-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives: Little is known regarding the impact of mutation status on the costs of breast cancer care. This study sought to estimate health care charges (all-cause, BC related, other cancer related and non-cancer related) among women with breast cancer (BC) and BRCA mutations (BRCAm) in terms of BRCA status, HER2 expression status, ER/PR status, treatment patterns, serious adverse events related to the cancer or its treatment, and cancer treatment period.
Methods: Adult women with invasive BC diagnosed from 1995-2014 and tested for a BRCAm were identified from the Huntsman Cancer Institute tumor registry (Salt Lake City, Utah) and via chart review. Patients with available charge data were included in the study. Patients were categorized by mutation status, receptor status and initial treatment setting. Charges were categorized as inpatient, outpatient and pharmacy (both anticancer and other medication) related charges as well as by type of service (diagnosis, surgery, reconstruction, radiation, office visit, and medication). Descriptive statistics were used to describe mean (SD) charges. Wilcoxon Rank-Sum test was used to compare health care charges.
Results: There were 816 women with BC who underwent BRCA testing and had available charge data. There were 134 women with a BRCAm vs 682 with BRCA wild type (wt). Age at diagnosis was similar between the two groups, however, BRCAm patients had more triple negative BC and higher histologic grade. Total breast cancer related mean (SD) charges were similar between BRCAm vs BRCAwt ($86,689 (75,937) vs $85,843 (97,304), p=0.19). Of this a similar amount was due to facilities/ technical and pharmacy (41% each), while the remainder was physician/professional costs. Within pharmacy costs, similar amounts were due to chemotherapy (23%) and biologics (21%). However, while 58% received chemotherapy, only 8% received biologics. Patients seen initially in the neoadjuvant treatment setting (N=148) had higher breast cancer related mean charges than those in the adjuvant setting (N=553; $117,922 (102,108) vs $80,061 (90,010), p<.0001), while those seen initially in metastatic setting had a mean charge of $103,525 (135,029).There were 142 HER2+ (ER+/PR+/HER2+ or ER-/PR-/HER2+) and 521 HER2- (TNBC or ER-/PR+/HER2-) breast cancer patients (receptor status unknown in 153 patients). HER2+ patients had higher breast cancer related mean charges than HER2- patients ($155,858 (122,227) vs $69,883 (67,642), p<.0001). Further, anticancer treatment charges accounted for 53% ($82,890 (81,269)) of HER2+ costs and 11% ($7,929 (21,782)), p<.0001 of HER2- costs. Biologics accounted for 87% of the former and chemotherapy accounted for 78% of the latter charge.
Conclusions: Mutation status was not associated with higher breast cancer charges. Patients initially seen in the neoadjuvant setting had higher breast cancer charges than those seen in the adjuvant setting. Receptor status (being HER2+) was associated with higher breast cancer charges and this was driven by expenditure on biologics.
Citation Format: Biskupiak JE, Telford C, Yoo M, Unni SK, Ye X, Deka R, Brixner DI, Stenehjem DD. Evaluation of women with BRCA mutations and breast cancer tested at an NCI designated comprehensive cancer center: A cost of illness estimation [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2016 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-12-03.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- JE Biskupiak
- College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Gaithersburg, MD; Program in Personalized Health Care, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - C Telford
- College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Gaithersburg, MD; Program in Personalized Health Care, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - M Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Gaithersburg, MD; Program in Personalized Health Care, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - SK Unni
- College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Gaithersburg, MD; Program in Personalized Health Care, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - X Ye
- College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Gaithersburg, MD; Program in Personalized Health Care, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - R Deka
- College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Gaithersburg, MD; Program in Personalized Health Care, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - DI Brixner
- College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Gaithersburg, MD; Program in Personalized Health Care, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - DD Stenehjem
- College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Gaithersburg, MD; Program in Personalized Health Care, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yoo M, Jung M, Shin H, Park H, Kim H, Ahn J. Hypoxia affects proliferation and pancreatic differetiation of adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells. Cytotherapy 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2014.01.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
19
|
Lee S, In Chang N, Yoo M, Hoon Choi J, Shin D. Development and Validation of S-Allyl-L-Cysteine in Rat Plasma Using a Mixed-Mode Reversed-Phase and Cation-Exchange LC-ESI-MS/MS Method: Application to Pharmacokinetic Studies. J Chromatogr Sci 2014; 53:54-9. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmu013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
20
|
Kim D, Yoo M, Choi KY, Kang BS, Kim E. Characterization and engineering of an o-xylene dioxygenase for biocatalytic applications. Bioresour Technol 2013; 145:123-127. [PMID: 23562567 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2012] [Revised: 03/03/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Depending on the size and position of the substituent groups on the aromatic ring, the o-xylene dioxygenase from Rhodococcus sp. strain DK17 possesses the unique ability to perform distinct regioselective hydroxylations via differential positioning of substrates within the active site. The substrate-binding pocket of the DK17 o-xylene dioxygenase is large enough to accommodate bicyclics and can be divided into three regions (distal, central, and proximal), and hydrophobic interactions in the distal position are important for substrate binding. Current molecular and functional knowledge contribute insights into how to engineer this enzyme to create tailor-made properties for chemoenzymatic syntheses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dockyu Kim
- Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ryu K, Kang H, Yoo M, Kim J, Kim S, Wie G. Comparison of Nutrient Intake and Diet Quality between Hyperuricemia and Controls : A Cancer Screening Examination Cohort in Korea. J Acad Nutr Diet 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2013.06.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
22
|
Kim D, Yoo M, Kim E, Hong SG. Anthranilate degradation by a cold-adaptedPseudomonassp. J Basic Microbiol 2013; 55:354-62. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201300079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dockyu Kim
- Division of Life Sciences; Korea Polar Research Institute; Incheon Korea
| | - Miyoun Yoo
- Department of Systems Biology; Yonsei University; Seoul Korea
- Yonsei/Paris-Sud Project; Yonsei International Campus; Incheon Korea
| | - Eungbin Kim
- Department of Systems Biology; Yonsei University; Seoul Korea
- Yonsei/Paris-Sud Project; Yonsei International Campus; Incheon Korea
| | - Soon Gyu Hong
- Division of Life Sciences; Korea Polar Research Institute; Incheon Korea
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Baek JH, Lee SY, Yoo M, Park WS, Lee SJ, Boo YC, Koh JS. Effects of a new mild shampoo for preventing hair loss in Asian by a simple hand-held phototrichogram technique. Int J Cosmet Sci 2011; 33:491-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2494.2011.00660.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
24
|
Yoo M, Kim D, Zylstra GJ, Kang BS, Kim E. Biphenyl hydroxylation enhanced by an engineered o-xylene dioxygenase from Rhodococcus sp. strain DK17. Res Microbiol 2011; 162:724-8. [PMID: 21575716 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2011.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2010] [Accepted: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxylation of the non-growth substrate biphenyl by recombinant o-xylene dioxygenases from Rhodococcus sp. strain DK17 was studied through bioconversion experiments. The metabolites from the biphenyl hydroxylation by each enzyme were identified and quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The L266F mutant enzyme produced much more 2-hydroxybiphenyl (2.43 vs. 0.1 μg/L) and 3-hydroxybiphenyl (1.97 vs. 0.03 μg/L) than the wild-type. Site-directed mutagenesis combined with structural and functional analyses indicated that hydrophobic interactions and shielding effects against water are important factors in the hydroxylation of biphenyl by the o-xylene dioxygenase. The residue at position 266 plays a key role in coordinating the reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miyoun Yoo
- Department of Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Yu YM, Cristofanilli M, Valiveti A, Ma L, Yoo M, Morellini F, Schachner M. The extracellular matrix glycoprotein tenascin-C promotes locomotor recovery after spinal cord injury in adult zebrafish. Neuroscience 2011; 183:238-50. [PMID: 21443931 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2011] [Revised: 03/19/2011] [Accepted: 03/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Adult zebrafish, by virtue of exhibiting spontaneous recovery after spinal lesion, have evolved into a paradigmatic vertebrate model system to identify novel genes vital for successful regeneration after spinal cord injury. Due to a remarkable level of conservation between zebrafish and human genomes, such genes, once identified, could point to possibilities for addressing the multiple issues on how to deal with functional recovery after spinal cord injury in humans. In the current study, the extracellular matrix glycoprotein tenascin-C was studied in the zebrafish spinal cord injury model to assess the often disparate functions of this multidomain molecule under in vivo conditions. This in vivo study was deemed necessary since in vitro studies had shown discrepant functional effects on neurite outgrowth: tenascin-C inhibits neurite outgrowth when presented as a molecular barrier adjacent to a conducive substrate, but enhances neurite outgrowth when presented as a uniform substrate. Thus, our current study addresses the question as to which of these features prevails in vivo: whether tenascin-C reduces or enhances axonal regrowth after injury in a well accepted vertebrate model of spinal cord injury. We show upregulation of tenascin-C expression in regenerating neurons of the nucleus of median longitudinal fascicle (NMLF) in the brainstem and spinal motoneurons. Inhibition of tenascin-C expression by antisense oligonucleotide (morpholino) resulted in impaired locomotor recovery, reduced regrowth of axons from brainstem neurons and reduced synapse formation by the regrowing brainstem axons on spinal motoneurons, all vital indicators of regeneration. Our results thus point to an advantageous role of tenascin-C in promoting spinal cord regeneration, by promoting axonal regrowth and synapse formation in the spinal cord caudal to the lesion site after injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y-M Yu
- W. M. Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, 604 Allison Road, NJ 08854, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kim D, Choi KY, Yoo M, Choi JN, Lee CH, Zylstra GJ, Kang BS, Kim E. Benzylic and aryl hydroxylations of m-xylene by o-xylene dioxygenase from Rhodococcus sp. strain DK17. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 86:1841-7. [PMID: 20082074 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-009-2418-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2009] [Revised: 12/14/2009] [Accepted: 12/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Escherichia coli cells expressing Rhodococcus DK17 o-xylene dioxygenase genes were used for bioconversion of m-xylene. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the oxidation products detected 3-methylbenzylalcohol and 2,4-dimethylphenol in the ratio 9:1. Molecular modeling suggests that o-xylene dioxygenase can hold xylene isomers at a kink region between alpha6 and alpha7 helices of the active site and alpha9 helix covers the substrates. m-Xylene is unlikely to locate at the active site with a methyl group facing the kink region because this configuration would not fit within the substrate-binding pocket. The m-xylene molecule can flip horizontally to expose the meta-position methyl group to the catalytic motif. In this configuration, 3-methylbenzylalcohol could be formed, presumably due to the meta effect. Alternatively, the m-xylene molecule can rotate counterclockwise, allowing the catalytic motif to hydroxylate at C-4 yielding 2,4-dimethylphenol. Site-directed mutagenesis combined with structural and functional analyses suggests that the alanine-218 and the aspartic acid-262 in the alpha7 and the alpha9 helices play an important role in positioning m-xylene, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dockyu Kim
- Polar BioCenter, Korea Polar Research Institute, KORDI, Incheon, 406-840, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Choi SU, Ahn JH, Kim MJ, Yoo M, Kim E, Kim YK, Ryu SY, Han SY. Abstract C200: Effects of indirubin derivatives on the FLT3 activity and growth of acute myeloid leukemia cell lines. Mol Cancer Ther 2009. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.targ-09-c200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Indirubin is an active constituent of traditional Chinese recipe used for the treatment of chronic myelocytic leukemia. In this study, inhibitory activity of indirubin and its derivatives toward Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) was examined. Indirubin-3′-oxime(IO) and 6-bromoindirubin-3′-oxime(BIO) showed potent inhibitory activity against FLT3 with 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 79 nM and 254 nM, respectively. Meanwhile, indirubin and 6-bromoindirubin exhibited negligible effect on FLT3 inhibitory activity up to 10 µM. We also tested the cytotoxicity of those compounds against acute myeloid leukemia cell lines; MV4;11 cells harboring constitutively activated form of FLT3 and RS4;11 cells with wild type FLT3. IO and BIO potently inhibited the growth of MV4;11 cells with IC50 of 30 nM and 61 nM, respectively. On the other hand, RS4;11 cells were far less sensitive to those compounds with IC50 values of 3600 nM and 820 nM, respectively. In the cell cycle assay, IO arrested the cell cycle of MV4;11 cells at G1 phase, and increased dead cell population at sub-G1 phase about 25 and 50% at 0.1 and 1.0 µM after 48 hours, respectively. These results strongly suggest that the derivatives of IO have potentials to be developed for novel anti-leukemic agents.
Citation Information: Mol Cancer Ther 2009;8(12 Suppl):C200.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Un Choi
- 1 Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Ahn
- 1 Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jin Kim
- 1 Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyoun Yoo
- 2 Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunbin Kim
- 2 Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Shi Yong Ryu
- 1 Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Young Han
- 1 Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Kang HE, Bae SK, Yoo M, Lee DC, Kim YG, Lee MG. Interaction between udenafil and tamsulosin in rats: non-competitive inhibition of tamsulosin metabolism by udenafil via hepatic CYP3A1/2. Br J Pharmacol 2009; 156:1009-18. [PMID: 19254278 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2008.00099.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Orthostatic hypotension has been observed when PDE 5 (cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase type 5) inhibitors are co-administered with alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists. Here we assessed the pharmacokinetic and haemodynamic interactions between udenafil and tamsulosin in rats, as both drugs are metabolized via rat hepatic cytochrome P450 3A1/2. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Interactions between the two drugs were evaluated in rats after simultaneous 1 or 15 min i.v. infusion or after p.o. administration of udenafil (30 mg x kg(-1)) and/or tamsulosin (1 mg x kg(-1)). In vitro metabolism of tamsulosin with udenafil was measured to obtain the inhibition constant (K(i)) and [I]/K(i) ratio of udenafil. KEY RESULTS The total area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to time infinity (AUC)s (or AUC(0-4 h)) of tamsulosin were significantly greater after 15 min of i.v. infusion or after oral administration with udenafil, compared with tamsulosin alone. The hepatic first-pass metabolism of tamsulosin was inhibited by udenafil, and the inhibition in vitro was in a non-competitive mode. The arterial systolic blood pressure was significantly lower at 5, 10 and 60 min after oral co-administration of the drugs. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The significantly greater AUC of tamsulosin after i.v. and p.o. administration of both drugs may be attributable to non-competitive inhibition of cytochrome P450 3A1/2-mediated hepatic tamsulosin metabolism by udenafil. The inhibition was also observed in human liver S9 fractions, suggesting that a reassessment of the oral dosage of tamsulosin is necessary when udenafil and tamsulosin are co-administered to patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H E Kang
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Yoo M, Choi SU, Choi KY, Yon GH, Chae JC, Kim D, Zylstra GJ, Kim E. Trisindoline synthesis and anticancer activity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008; 376:96-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.08.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2008] [Accepted: 08/21/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
30
|
Lee MS, Lee JH, Lee HS, Chang H, Kim YS, Cho KH, Ahn SH, Song JH, Yoo M, Han JK, Park HY. Scrub typhus as a possible aetiology of Guillain-Barré syndrome: two cases. Ir J Med Sci 2008; 178:347-50. [PMID: 19009332 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-008-0226-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2008] [Accepted: 09/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Neurological complications of scrub typhus are reported to be rare. Peripheral nervous system involvement has been reported in only one case. We present two cases of Guillan-Barré syndrome (GBS) associated with scrub typhus. In both cases, the findings of an elevated indirect immunofluorescent antibody titer for Orientia tsutsugamushi and nerve conduction study showing sensory-motor polyneuropathy, have led us to believe that scrub typhus could be one of the antecedent illnesses associated with GBS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M-S Lee
- Department of Medicine, Wonkwang University Hospital, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-180, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
The purpose of this paper was to characterize cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes involved in N-dealkylation of a new oral erectogenic, DA-8159 to DA-8164, a major circulating active metabolite, in human liver microsomes and to investigate the inhibitory potential of DA-8159 on CYP enzymes. CYP3A4 was identified as the major enzyme responsible for DA-8159 N-dealkylation to DA-8164 based on correlation analysis and specific CYP inhibitor and antibody-mediated inhibition study in human liver microsomes, and DA-8159 metabolism in cDNA expressed CYP enzymes. There is the possibility of drug-drug interactions when prescribing DA-8159 concomitantly with known inhibitors or inducers of CYP3A4. DA-8159 was found to be only a very weak inhibitor of eight major CYPs (1A2, 2A6, 2C8, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6, 2E1 and 3A4), the largest inhibition occurring against CYP2D6 (IC5o 67.7 microM) in human liver microsomes. Drug-drug interactions would not be predicted on the basis of DA-8159 inhibiting the metabolism of coadministered drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Y Ji
- Drug Metabolism and Bioanalysis Laboratory, College of Pharmacy and Phytofermentation Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kwon NR, Chae JC, Choi KY, Yoo M, Zylstra GJ, Kim YM, Kang BS, Kim E. Identification of functionally important amino acids in a novel indigo-producing oxygenase from Rhodococcus sp. strain T104. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2008; 79:417-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-008-1445-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2007] [Revised: 02/29/2008] [Accepted: 03/02/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
33
|
Jung M, Lee I, Son J, Choi S, Cho C, Son M, Rhee J, Yoo M. Effects of DA-9102 on Atopic Dermatitis in Animal Models. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2005.12.919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
34
|
Kang KK, Yu JY, Yoo M, Kwon JW. The effect of DA-8159, a novel PDE5 inhibitor, on erectile function in the rat model of hypercholesterolemic erectile dysfunction. Int J Impot Res 2005; 17:409-16. [PMID: 15920460 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijir.3901331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of a new phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor, DA-8159, on erectile function associated with hypercholesterolemia. First of all, in order to investigate whether chronic administration of DA-8159 prevents the development of erectile dysfunction associated with hypercholesterolemia, male SD rats were divided into four groups (normal control, hypercholesterolemic control, DA-8159 5 or 20 mg/kg/day). Over a 5-month period, the animals were fed a 2% cholesterol diet and administered DA-8159 orally once a day. After 5 months, the electrostimulation-induced penile erection and the vascular function using acetylcholine-induced vasodilation with endothelium-intact aortic rings were examined. Furthermore, the plasma lipid profiles, endothelin and N(G),N(G)-dimethylarginine (asymmetrical dimethylarginine, ADMA) concentrations were measured. In order to investigate the acute treatment effect of DA-8159 on the erectile function in an established hypercholesterolemic model, additional animals were given a 2% cholesterol diet for 5 months without DA-8159. At the end of 5 months, the rats were divided into three groups (hypercholesterolemic control, DA-8159 0.3 or 1 mg/kg). DA-8159 was administered intravenously 1 min prior to the intracavernous pressure (ICP) measurement. In a chronic treatment study, while the hypercholesterolemic control showed a significantly lower erectile function, vascular reactivity, and increased plasma cholesterol, endothelin and ADMA concentration, the chronic DA-8159 treatment clearly restored the erectile responses by electric stimulation, preserved the potential of thoracic aortic relaxation in a dose-dependent manner, and significantly decreased the plasma endothelin and ADMA concentrations. In an acute treatment study, DA-8159 induced a dose- and frequency-dependent increase in ICP. The ICP/BP ratio and the corresponding AUC values, and the detumescence time were also significantly increased compared to the hypercholesterolemic control. These results suggest that DA-8159 is beneficial for erectile dysfunction in a rat hypercholesterolemic model and provided a rationale for the potential use of DA-8159 for treating erectile dysfunction secondary to hypercholesterolemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K K Kang
- Research Laboratories of Dong-A Pharmaceutical Company, Preclinical Division, Sangal, Kiheung, Youngin, Kyunggi, Republic of Korea.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
|
36
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVES DA-8159 is a pyrazolopyrimidinone derivative showing potent and selective phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibition. In the previous study, DA-8159 induced a dose-dependent increase in the intracavernous pressure (ICP) in anaesthetized dogs. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of DA-8159 on penile erection in conscious and acute spinal cord injured (ASCI) rabbits. METHODS DA-8159 was given orally (0.3 to 10mg/kg) to normal rabbits and ASCI rabbits with a surgical transection of the spinal cord at the L2-L4 lumbar vertebra or ischemic-reperfusion. The erection was evaluated in a time-course manner by measuring the length of the uncovered penile mucosa in the absence or presence of intravenous sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a nitric oxide (NO) donor. RESULTS DA-8159 induced a dose-dependent penile erection in both the conscious and ASCI rabbits. The efficacy of DA-8159 was potentiated and the effective doses were significantly decreased by an intravenous injection of SNP. Potentiation of the effect by a nitric oxide donor implies that DA-8159 can enhance the erectile activity during sexual arousal. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that DA-8159 may be a useful treatment option for erectile dysfunction in patients with or without a spinal cord injury, but further evaluation of the effects of DA-8159 on humans must be performed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Koo Kang
- Research Laboratories of Dong-A Pharmaceutical Company, 47-5 Sanggal, Kiheung, Youngin, Kyunggi, 449-900 South Korea.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Shim HJ, Lee EJ, Kim SH, Kim SH, Yoo M, Kwon JW, Kim WB, Lee HS, Lee MG. Pharmacokinetics, stability, and blood partition of DA-8159, a new phosphodiesterase V inhibitor. Res Commun Mol Pathol Pharmacol 2002; 108:275-86. [PMID: 11913718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
The pharmacokinetics of DA-8159, a new phosphodiesterase V inhibitor, after 1 min intravenous, 30 mg/kg, and oral, 30 mg/kg, administration of the drug to rats, the stability of DA-8159 in various pH solutions ranging from 1 to 13, and human and rat plasma and urine, and the blood partition of DA-8159 between plasma and blood cells of rabbit were evaluated. After intravenous administration, DA-8159 was eliminated fast with the mean total body clearance of 126 ml/min/kg, and was almost completely metabolized in rats; 5.98% of intravenous dose of DA-8159 were excreted unchanged in 24-hr urine. The extent of absolute oral bioavailibility of DA-8159 was approximately 25%. The apparent volume of distribution at steady state was considerably large, 15048 ml/kg, suggesting that DA-8159 has a good affinity to rat tissues. DA-8159 was relatively stable in various pH solutions, and human and rat plasma and urine for up to 48 h incubation in a water-bath shaker kept at 37 degrees C and at a rate of 50 oscillations per min. DA-8159 reached equilibrium fast (within 30 sec mixing manually) between plasma and blood cells of rabbit blood and the plasma-to-blood cell concentration ratios were independent of initial blood concentrations of DA-8159, 1, 5, and 10 microg/ml, when the rabbit whole blood was incubated for up to 120 min; the ratios were in the range of 0.662-0.812. There was no in vitro 'blood storage effect' in the plasma concentration of DA-8159.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H J Shim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Kwanak-Gu, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
UNLABELLED A case of a giant cervico-mediastinal cyst of thymic origin in an 8-year-old child is presented. The cyst was asymptomatic except for deformity due to its size. In spite of several diagnostic approaches like ultrasonography, computed tomography, cyst puncture with biochemical analysis of cyst content and direct contrast injection and radiography after emptying of the cyst, the ultimate diagnosis as to the origin of the cyst was not disclosed until after operation and histopathological examination of the operative specimen. On a more general basis the diagnostic possibilities and pitfalls are discussed. CONCLUSION a correct preoperative diagnosis of a thymus cyst is difficult and in many instances impossible even when all diagnostic measures at hand are utilized, including radiographic methods, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasonography and biochemical examination of cyst aspirate and estimation of tumour markers in cyst fluid and serum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Tollefsen
- Department of Radiology, Rogaland Central Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Byun D, Mohan S, Yoo M, Sexton C, Baylink DJ, Qin X. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A accounts for the insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding protein-4 (IGFBP-4) proteolytic activity in human pregnancy serum and enhances the mitogenic activity of IGF by degrading IGFBP-4 in vitro. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001; 86:847-54. [PMID: 11158056 DOI: 10.1210/jcem.86.2.7223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) has been identified as the insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-dependent IGF-binding protein-4 (IGFBP-4) protease produced by human fibroblasts. Recently, we found that serum proteases induced during human pregnancy cleaved IGFBP-4 in both an IGF-II-dependent and an IGF-II-independent fashion. This study sought to determine whether PAPP-A is the predominant IGFBP-4 protease in human pregnancy serum (PS) and to assess the in vitro role of serum PAPP-A. Immunoprecipitation with PAPP-A antibody effectively depleted PAPP-A from the PS and completely abolished both IGF-II-dependent and IGF-II-independent IGFBP-4 proteolytic activity in PS. Direct addition of PAPP-A antibody to PS completely blocked IGFBP-4 proteolysis and partially blocked IGFBP-5 proteolysis, but had no effect on IGFBP-3 proteolysis. To evaluate the role of serum PAPP-A, we tested whether PAPP-A in PS modulated the inhibitory activity of IGFBP-4 on IGF-II-induced cell proliferation in human osteosarcoma MG63 cells. The wild-type IGFBP-4 (WTBP-4; 200 ng/mL) failed to inhibit proliferation of the cells treated with PS (0.1% or 0.3%) alone or in combination with IGF-II (40 ng/mL), whereas the inhibitory effect of WTBP-4 was observed in the cells treated with nonpregnancy serum alone or in combination with IGF-II (P < 0.05). In contrast to WTBP-4, a protease-resistant IGFBP-4 was able to inhibit proliferation of the cells treated with PS alone or in combination with IGF-II (P < 0.05). In the presence of PAPP-A neutralizing antibody, the inhibitory effect of WTBP-4 on proliferation of the cells treated with IGF-II and PS was restored. In summary, these data demonstrate 1) that PAPP-A represents the predominant IGFBP-4 protease in PS; 2) that PAPP-A may in part contribute to IGFBP-5, but not IGFBP-3, proteolytic activity in PS; and 3) that PAPP-A enhances the bioactivity of IGFs in vitro by degrading IGFBP-4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Byun
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, J. L. Pettis Memorial Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California 92357, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Choi T, Cho N, Oh Y, Yoo M, Matsukage A, Ryu Y, Han K, Yoon J, Baek K. The DNA replication-related element (DRE)-DRE-binding factor (DREF) system may be involved in the expression of the Drosophila melanogaster TBP gene. FEBS Lett 2000; 483:71-7. [PMID: 11033359 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(00)02085-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The TATA box binding protein (TBP) is a general transcription factor required for initiation by all three eukaryotic RNA polymerases. Previously, we found that the promoter region of the Drosophila melanogaster TBP gene contains three sequences similar to the DNA replication-related element (DRE) (5'-TATCGATA). In the present study, we found that the DRE-like sequences are also present in the promoter of the Drosophila virilis TBP gene, suggesting a role for these sequences in TBP expression. Band mobility shift assays revealed that oligonucleotides containing sequences similar to the DRE of D. melanogaster TBP gene promoter form specific complexes with a factor in a Kc cell nuclear extract and with recombinant DRE-binding factor (DREF). Furthermore, these complexes were either supershifted or diminished by monoclonal antibodies to DREF. Transient luciferase assays demonstrated that induction of mutations in two DRE-related sequences at positions -223 and -63 resulted in an extensive reduction of promoter activity. Thus, the DRE-DREF system appears to be involved in the expression of the D. melanogaster TBP gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Choi
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Pusan 609-735, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
DA-8159, a new phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor, was assessed for its erectogenic potential by a penile erection test in rats, the relaxation of isolated rabbit corpus cavernosum (CC), and estimation of the intracavernous pressure (ICP) in the anesthetized dog. Oral administration of DA-8159 (0.3 to 1 mg/kg) increased the number of erections in rats with increasing dosage, with the highest penile erection index at 10 mg/kg. DA-8159 induced the relaxation of phenylephrine (PHE)-induced contractions in the rabbit CC and decreased the IC50 of the nitric oxide donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) in a dose-dependent fashion. In pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs, the intravenous administration of DA-8159 (1 approximately 300 g/kg) potentiated the increase in ICP induced by the intracavernosal SNP in a dose-related manner. These findings suggest that DA-8159 has significant therapeutic potential in the treatment of erectile dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Y Oh
- Research Laboratories, Dong-A Pharm. Co, Ltd, Yongin, Kyunggi, Korea.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Shim HJ, Lee EJ, Kim SH, Kim SH, Yoo M, Kwon JW, Kim WB, Lee MG. Factors influencing the protein binding of a new phosphodiesterase V inhibitor, DA-8159, using an equilibrium dialysis technique. Biopharm Drug Dispos 2000; 21:285-91. [PMID: 11512128 DOI: 10.1002/bdd.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Various factors influencing the protein binding of DA-8159 to 4% human serum albumin (HSA) were evaluated using an equilibrium dialysis technique at an initial DA-8159 concentration of 5 microg/mL. It took approximately 8 h incubation to reach an equilibrium between 4% HSA and an isotonic phosphate buffer of pH 7.4 containing 3% of dextran ('the buffer') using a Spectra/Por 2 membrane (mol. wt. cut-off: 12,000--14,000) in a water bath shaker kept at 37 degrees C and at a rate of 50 oscillations per min. The extent of binding was dependent on DA-8159 concentrations, HSA concentrations, incubation temperature, buffer pH, and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AAG) concentrations. The binding of DA-8159 in heparinized human plasma (93.9%) was significantly higher than in rats (81.4%), rabbits (80.4%), and dogs (82.2%), and this could be due to differences in AAG concentrations in plasma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H J Shim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Kwanak-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
In the mammalian CNS, aspartate and glutamate are major excitatory amino acids, and their receptors are believed to mediate a wide range of physiological and pathological processes, including neurotransmission, plasticity, excitotoxicity, and various forms of neurodegeneration. The immediate early gene pip92 has been identified in serum-stimulated BALB/c 3T3 fibroblasts, activated T lymphocytes treated with cycloheximide, and fibroblast growth factor-stimulated hippocampal cells during neuronal differentiation. In this study we have demonstrated that pip92 is expressed in the mouse brain after a single intraperitoneal injection of NMDA. The distribution of pip92 mRNA levels in the NMDA-treated mouse brain was investigated using in situ RT-PCR. The region-specific activation of pip92 in the CNS was observed 3 h after NMDA injection, and high levels of pip92 mRNA were detected in the hippocampal dentate gyrus and piriform cortex regions. In addition, the activation of pip92 by NMDA was mediated by activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), such as c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 kinase, but not extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in the mouse hippocampus and immortalized rat hippocampal progenitor cells. This study suggests that pip92 is likely to play an important role in neuronal cell death induced by excitotoxic NMDA injury in the CNS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K C Chung
- Department of Pharmacology and Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Byun D, Mohan S, Kim C, Suh K, Yoo M, Lee H, Baylink DJ, Qin X. Studies on human pregnancy-induced insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding protein-4 proteases in serum: determination of IGF-II dependency and localization of cleavage site. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000; 85:373-81. [PMID: 10634413 DOI: 10.1210/jcem.85.1.6319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding protein-4 (IGFBP-4), a consistent inhibitor of IGF action, is subject to proteolytic cleavage by the IGF-II-dependent IGFBP-4 protease. However, regulation of the IGF-II-dependent IGFBP-4 protease in vivo is not known. As IGFBP proteases are known to be triggered during pregnancy, we systematically evaluated the changes in IGFBP-4 proteolysis by serum collected throughout human pregnancy. Results from in vitro protease assays using recombinant IGFBP-4 revealed that IGFBP-4 proteolysis determined in both the presence and absence of exogenous IGF-II significantly increased during the first and second trimesters and reached a plateau by the third trimester. However, in the absence of IGF-II, IGFBP-4 proteolysis by pregnancy serum was only observed after prolonged incubation. IGF-II dose dependently increased IGFBP-4 proteolysis by pregnancy serum, with maximal stimulation observed at a concentration of 0.7 mol/L relative to IGFBP-4. In contrast, IGF-II at an equimolar dose had little effect on proteolysis of recombinant human IGFBP-3, whereas excess IGF-II reproducibly inhibited recombinant human IGFBP-3 proteolysis by pregnancy serum. Although IGF-II enhanced IGFBP-4 proteolysis, results from N-terminal sequence and mass spectrometric analyses of IGFBP-4 proteolytic fragments demonstrate that the cleavage site (Met135-Lys136) in human IGFBP-4 was not altered by IGF-II. Deletion of the residues 121-141 containing this cleavage site blocked IGFBP-4 proteolysis. These findings demonstrate that the increase in IGFBP-4 proteolysis during pregnancy was accounted for mainly by the IGF-II-dependent IGFBP-4 proteolysis. Because IGFBP-4 is a potent inhibitor of IGF actions, it can be speculated that the pregnancy-induced IGFBP-4 proteases may play an important role in regulating fetal growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Byun
- J.L. Pettis Veterans Administration Medical Center, Loma Linda, California 92357, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Kim MH, Jin H, Seol EY, Yoo M, Park HW. Sequence analysis and tissue specific expression of human HOXA7. Mol Biotechnol 2000; 14:19-24. [PMID: 10911612 DOI: 10.1385/mb:14:1:19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A 3071-bp fragment containing the human HOXA7 gene was sequenced. It contained two exons, one intron, and two polyadenylation signals (AATAAA) at positions 1844 and 2923. The exon encoded 230 aa residues, while the hexapeptide, homeodomain, and C-terminal acidic domains were detected. When the total sequences were compared with those of murine Hoxa-7, the 5' untranslated region (UTR), exon I, intron, exon II, and 3' UTR exhibited 99, 92, 65, 85, and 72% homology, respectively. Through Northern analysis, about a 1.9-kb transcript was detected in the fetal kidney. Minor transcripts of 1.5 and 1.1-kb were also detected in the fetal liver as well as in the kidney. In the case of adult tissues, most of the tissues tested (lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney, pancreas, and placenta), except brain tissue, expressed a 5.3 kb transcript with various intensities. Our results here suggested that not only Abd-B type Hox genes, but the ones in paralogous groups I-VIII could generate multiple transcripts. The characterization of these tissue-specific and stage-specific alternative transcripts would help to understand the regulatory function of the HOXA7 gene during development, and possibly the pathology of human disease caused by Hox genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M H Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Kim YS, Son M, Ko JI, Cho H, Yoo M, Kim WB, Song IS, Kim CY. Effect of DA-6034, a derivative of flavonoid, on experimental animal models of inflammatory bowel disease. Arch Pharm Res 1999; 22:354-60. [PMID: 10489873 DOI: 10.1007/bf02979057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a multifactorial disorder with unknown etiology and pathogenesis. DA-6034, 7-carboxymethyloxy-3', 4', 5-trimethoxy flavone, is a synthetic flavonoid known to possess anti-inflammatory activity. This study was performed to evaluate the oral therapeutic effect of DA-6034 in three experimental animal models of IBD: two chemical-induced IBD models of rats and the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27 transgenic rat model known to develop spontaneous colitis without the use of exogenous agents. Acute chemical colitis was induced by intracolonic instillation of 1.2 ml of 4% acetic acid solution. Prednisolone (1 mg/kg), sulfasalazine (100 mg/kg) and DA-6034 (0.3 to approximately 3 mg/kg) were orally administered twice daily for 6 days in these rats. In addition, chronic chemical colitis was induced by intracolonic administration of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) 30 mg in 50% ethanol and agents were orally administered for 6 or 20 days. In chemical-induced IBD models, all of these agents reduced the severity of colitis and specially, DA-6034 (3 mg/kg) showed more potent effect than other drugs in macroscopic lesion score. In HLA-B27 transgenic rats, DA-6034 (3 mg/kg) and prednisolone (0.5 mg/kg) were treated orally twice daily for 6 weeks. The HLA-B27 transgenic rats showed only mild colitis, compared with the chemical-induced colitis models. DA-6034 ameliorated the loose stool and decreased microscopic damage, which is the important indicator of this model. In conclusion, oral therapy of DA-6034 attenuated the macroscopic and histologic damages of the colon in all three experimental models of IBD, which suggest that DA-6034 could be a promising drug in the treatment of IBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y S Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Yoo M. Two homologous cytochrome b5s are expressed in both neurons and glial cells of the rat brain. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1999; 256:330-2. [PMID: 10079184 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1999.0326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
To avoid the possibility of blood contamination and of gene rearrangement during library construction we isolated total RNA directly from cultured rat embryonic neuronal cells and glioma C6 cells to be used as template for RT-PCR. By using specific primers for both membrane-bound b5 and soluble b5, DNA bands of appropriate size were clearly amplified indicating that both neurons and glial cells expressed b5s, although soluble b5 seemed to be less expressed in these cells. Nucleotide sequence of the internal exon for soluble b5 was reinvestigated and confirmed to be 58 bp containing genetic codons for His-Ser-Ala-Leu and stop.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Yoo
- Department of Biology, Keimyung University, Taegu, 704-701, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
Two kinds of PCR products were isolated from adult rat brain. The smaller product matched up to liver b5 mRNA completely. However, the larger one contained an additional 58 bp inserted between amino acids 96 and 97. This insertion was previously unknown and corresponded to in-frame codons for his-ser-ala-leu and the early stop. It is assumed that these two forms arise from a primary transcript by differential mRNA processing. This finding strongly suggests that there are two homologous b5s expressed in rat brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Yoo
- Department of Biology, Keimyung University, Taegu, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
We have isolated cDNA fragments that were originated from P450 2E1 in rat brain by PCR analysis. Their size matched up to what we expected based on the reported sequence of rat liver P450 2E1 mRNA. Internal structure of the longest first-round PCR products were investigated by Southern blot analysis and "nested" PCR. Their results confirmed that PCR products actually originated from P450 2E1 mRNA in rat brain. RT-PCR was also carried out using P450 2E1 specific primers and the size of the product was exactly as we expected for P450 2E1. These experimental evidences should clarify the presence of P450 2E1 in rat brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Yoo
- Department of Biology, Keimyung University, Taegu, Korea.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
Membranous lipodystrophy, an uncommon disorder, was described by Nasu et al. in 1973 as a form of regressive degeneration or localized destruction of the adipose tissue. Clinical features of the lesions with membranous fat necrosis are variable and the condition can only be diagnosed histopathologically. These peculiar changes in fat tissue have been associated with many local and systemic diseases including lupus erythematosus, diabetes mellitus, erythema nodosum, stasis dermatitis, morphoea and trauma, but occasionally no underlying disease is found. Even though various hypotheses concerning the pathogenesis of membranous lipodystrophy have been proposed, the exact causes are still in dispute. We reviewed 22 patients having membranous lipodystrophy confirmed by biopsy and discuss the pathogenetic mechanisms which have been suggested by many authors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Ahn
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|