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Khan MI, Hussain S, Almutairi BS, Dahshan A, Mujtaba A, Ahmad SM. The structural, optical and photovoltaic properties of Zn-doped MAPbI 2Br perovskite solar cells. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:12210-12218. [PMID: 38592224 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp06299f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The spin coating method was used to deposit MAPbI2Br films on FTO-glass substrates. Zn2+ (zinc) doping was used for these films at intensity rates of 2% and 4%, respectively. XRD analysis proved that MAPbI2Br films had a cubic structure and a crystalline character. 2% Zn doping into the MAPbI2Br film had a modest large grain size (38.09 nm), Eg (1.95 eV), high refractive index (2.66), and low extinction coefficient (1.67), according to XRD and UV-vis analyses. To facilitate and enhance carrier transit, at contacts as well as throughout the bulk material, the perovskite's trap-state densities decreased. The predicted MAPbI2Br valence and conduction band edges are -5.44 and -3.52, respectively. The conduction band (CB) edge of the film that was exposed to Zn atoms has been pressed towards the lower value, assembly it a better material for solar cells. EIS is particularly useful for understanding charge carrier transport, recombination mechanisms, and the influence of different interfaces within the device structure. Jsc is 11.09 mA cm-2, Voc is 1.09, PCE is 9.372% and FF is 0.777. The cell made with the 2% Zn doped into the MAPbI2Br film demonstrated a superior device.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Khan
- Department of Physics, The University of Lahore, 53700, Pakistan.
| | - Saddam Hussain
- Facultad de Ingeniería Mochis, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Los Mochis C.P. 81223, Mexico.
| | - Badriah S Almutairi
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Dahshan
- Department of Physics, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Mujtaba
- Department of Physics, The University of Lahore, 53700, Pakistan.
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Ihtisham-Ul-Haq, Khan MI, Ullah A, Mujtaba A, Almutairi BS, Shahid W, Ali A, Choi JR. Bandgap reduction and efficiency enhancement in Cs 2AgBiBr 6 double perovskite solar cells through gallium substitution. RSC Adv 2024; 14:5440-5448. [PMID: 38348293 PMCID: PMC10859843 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08965g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Lead-free halide double perovskite (LFHDP) Cs2AgBiBr6 has emerged as a promising alternative to traditional lead-based perovskites (LBPs), offering notable advantages in terms of chemical stability and non-toxicity. However, the efficiency of Cs2AgBiBr6 solar cells faces challenges due to their wide bandgap (Eg). As a viable strategy to settle this problem, we consider optimization of the optical and photovoltaic properties of Cs2AgBiBr6 by Gallium (Ga) substitution. The synthesized Cs2Ag0.95Ga0.05BiBr6 is rigorously characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-vis spectroscopy, and solar simulator measurements. XRD analysis reveals shifts in peak positions, indicating changes in the crystal lattice due to Ga substitution. The optical analysis demonstrates a reduction in the Eg, leading to improvement of the light absorption within the visible spectrum. Importantly, the Cs2Ag0.95Ga0.05BiBr6 solar cell exhibits enhanced performance, as evidenced by higher values of open circuit voltage (Voc), short-circuit current (Jsc), and fill factor (FF), which are 0.94 V, 6.01 mA cm-2, and 0.80, respectively: this results in an increased power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 3.51% to 4.52%. This research not only helps to overcome film formation challenges, but also enables stable Cs2Ag0.95Ga0.05BiBr6 to be established as a high-performance material for photovoltaic applications. Overall, our development contributes to the advancement of environmentally friendly solar technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihtisham-Ul-Haq
- Department of Physics, The University of Lahore 53700 Pakistan
| | - M I Khan
- Department of Physics, The University of Lahore 53700 Pakistan
| | - Asad Ullah
- Department of Physics, The University of Lahore 53700 Pakistan
| | - Ali Mujtaba
- Department of Physics, The University of Lahore 53700 Pakistan
| | - Badriah S Almutairi
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University P.O.Box 84428 Riyadh 11671 Saudi Arabia
| | - Wajeehah Shahid
- Department of Physics, The University of Lahore 53700 Pakistan
| | - Asghar Ali
- Department of Physics, The University of Lahore 53700 Pakistan
| | - Jeong Ryeol Choi
- School of Electronic Engineering, Kyonggi University Suwon Gyeonggi-do 16227 Republic of Korea
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Khan MI, Mujtaba A, Fatima M, Marzouki R, Hussain S, Anwar T. Impact of Ce doping on the optoelectronic and structural properties of a CsPbIBr 2 perovskite solar cell. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:4166-4173. [PMID: 38230486 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05339c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
This paper provides a detailed analysis of pure CsPbIBr2 and 4% Ce-doped CsPbIBr2 perovskite films, emphasizing their structural, optical and photovoltaic properties. X-ray diffraction confirms a predominant cubic perovskite phase in both samples, with Ce doping leading to the increased crystal size (21 nm to 32 nm). UV-vis spectroscopy reveals a reduced bandgap energy (2.2 eV to 2.1 eV) with Ce doping. Dielectric constant analysis indicates the enhanced permittivity of the Ce-doped sample, crucial for solar-cell light trapping. Energy band structure analysis demonstrates improved photovoltaic cell performance with Ce doping, yielding higher open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, and efficiency (9.71%) compared to pure CsPbIBr2 (8.02%). Ce doping mitigates electron-hole recombination, enhancing cell stability, electron affinity, and power output. This research underscores the potential of cost-effective, efficient, and stable CsPbIBr2 perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Khan
- Department of Physics, The University of Lahore, 53700, Pakistan.
| | - Ali Mujtaba
- Department of Physics, The University of Lahore, 53700, Pakistan.
| | - Mahvish Fatima
- Department of physics, Deanship of educational services, Qassim university, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riadh Marzouki
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, 61413 Abha, saudi Arabia
| | - Saddam Hussain
- Department of Physics, The University of Lahore, 53700, Pakistan.
| | - Tauseef Anwar
- Department of Physics, Division of Science & Technology, University of Education Lahore, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
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Goswami K, Badruddeen, Arif M, Akhtar J, Khan MI, Ahmad M. Flavonoids, Isoflavonoids and others Bioactives for Insulin Sensitizations. Curr Diabetes Rev 2024; 20:e270423216247. [PMID: 37102490 DOI: 10.2174/1573399819666230427095200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic condition that has an impact on a huge part of the world. Both animals and humans have been demonstrated to benefit from natural goods, and organisms (animals, or microbes). In 2021, approximately 537 million adults (20-79 years) are living with diabetes, making it the one of the biggest cause of death worldwide. Various phytoconstituent preserved β- cells activity helps to prevent the formation of diabetes problems. As a result, β-cells mass and function are key pharmaceutical targets. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of flavonoids' effects on pancreatic β-cells. Flavonoids have been demonstrated to improve insulin release in cell lines of isolated pancreatic islets and diabetic animal models. Flavonoids are thought to protect β-cells by inhibiting nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling, activating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway, inhibiting nitric oxide production, and lowering reactive oxygen species levels. Flavonoids boost β-cells secretory capacity by improving mitochondrial bioenergetic function and increasing insulin secretion pathways. Some of the bioactive phytoconstituents such as S-methyl cysteine sulfoxides stimulate insulin synthesis in the body and increase pancreatic output. The berberine increased insulin secretion in the HIT-T15 and Insulinoma 6 (MIN6) mouse cell line. Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate protects against toxicity accrued by cytokines, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and hyperglycemia. Quercetin has been proven to boost insulin production by Insulinoma 1 (INS-1) cells and also protect cell apoptosis. Overall flavonoids have beneficial effects on β-cells by prevented their malfunctioning or degradation and improving synthesis or release of insulin from β-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kushagra Goswami
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, U.P. 226026, India
| | - Badruddeen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, U.P. 226026, India
| | - Muhammad Arif
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, U.P. 226026, India
| | - Juber Akhtar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, U.P. 226026, India
| | - Mohammad Irfan Khan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, U.P. 226026, India
| | - Mohammad Ahmad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, U.P. 226026, India
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Noor G, Badruddeen, Akhtar J, Singh B, Ahmad M, Khan MI. An outlook on the target-based molecular mechanism of phytoconstituents as immunomodulators. Phytother Res 2023; 37:5058-5079. [PMID: 37528656 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
The immune system is one of the essential defense mechanisms. Immune system inadequacy increases the risk of infections and cancer diseases, whereas over-activation of the immune system causes allergies or autoimmune disorders. Immunomodulators have been used in the treatment of immune-related diseases. There is growing interest in using herbal medicines as multicomponent agents to modulate the complex immune system in immune-related diseases. Many therapeutic phytochemicals showed immunomodulatory effects by various mechanisms. This mechanism includes stimulation of lymphoid cell, phagocytosis, macrophage, and cellular immune function enhancement. In addition increased antigen-specific immunoglobulin production, total white cell count, and inhibition of TNF-α, IFN-γ, NF-kB, IL-2, IL-6, IL-1β, and other cytokines that influenced the immune system. This review aims to overview, widely investigated plant-derived phytoconstituents by targeting cells to modulate cellular and humoral immunity in in vivo and in vitro. However, further high-quality research is needed to confirm the clinical efficacy of plant-based immunomodulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gazala Noor
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Badruddeen
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Juber Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Bhuwanendra Singh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, S.D. College of Pharmacy and Vocational Studies, Muzaffarnagar, India
| | - Mohammad Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Mohammad Irfan Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
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Hashim M, Badruddeen B, Akhtar J, Khan MI, Ahmad M, Islam A, Ahmad A. Diabetic Neuropathy: An Overview of Molecular Pathways and Protective Mechanisms of Phytobioactives. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2023; 23:EMIDDT-EPUB-135425. [PMID: 37867264 DOI: 10.2174/0118715303266444231008143430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a common and debilitating complication of diabetes mellitus that affects the peripheral nerves and causes pain, numbness, and impaired function. The pathogenesis of DN involves multiple molecular mechanisms, such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and pathways of advanced glycation end products, polyol, hexosamine, and protein kinase C. Phytochemicals are natural compounds derived from plants that have various biological activities and therapeutic potential. Flavonoids, terpenes, alkaloids, stilbenes, and tannins are some of the phytochemicals that have been identified as having protective potential for diabetic neuropathy. These compounds can modulate various cellular pathways involved in the development and progression of neuropathy, including reducing oxidative stress and inflammation and promoting nerve growth and repair. In this review, the current evidence on the effects of phytochemicals on DN by focusing on five major classes, flavonoids, terpenes, alkaloids, stilbenes, and tannins, are summarized. This compilation also discusses the possible molecular targets of numerous pathways of DN that these phytochemicals modulate. These phytochemicals may offer a promising alternative or complementary approach to conventional drugs for DN management by modulating multiple pathological pathways and restoring nerve function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Hashim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Juber Akhtar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Mohammad Ahmad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anas Islam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Asad Ahmad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Ahmad A, Kumar M, Bhoi NR, Akhtar J, Khan MI, Ajmal M, Ahmad M. Diagnosis and management of uterine fibroids: current trends and future strategies. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2023; 34:291-310. [PMID: 36989026 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2022-0219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Uterine fibroids (UFs), leiomyomas or myomas, are a type of malignancy that affects the smooth muscle of the uterus, and it is most commonly detected in women of reproductive age. Uterine fibroids are benign monoclonal growths that emerge from uterine smooth muscle cells (myometrium) as well as fibroblasts. Uterine fibroid symptoms include abnormal menstrual bleeding leading to anaemia, tiredness, chronic vaginal discharge, and pain during periods. Other symptoms include protrusion of the abdomen, pain during intercourse, dysfunctions of bladder/bowel leading to urinary incontinence/retention, pain, and constipation. It is also associated with reproductive issues like impaired fertility, conceiving complications, and adverse obstetric outcomes. It is the leading cause of gynaecological hospitalisation in the American subcontinent and a common reason for the hysterectomy. Twenty-five percent of the reproductive women experience the symptoms of uterine fibroids, and among them, around 25% require hospitalization due to the severity of the disease. The frequency of the disease remains underestimated as many women stay asymptomatic and symptoms appear gradually; therefore, the condition remains undiagnosed. The exact frequency of uterine fibroids varies depending on the diagnosis, and the population investigated; nonetheless, the incidence of uterine fibroids in reproductive women ranges from 5.4 percent to 77 percent. The uterine fibroid treatment included painkillers, supplementation with iron, vitamin D3, birth control, hormone therapy, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists, drugs modulating the estrogen receptors, and surgical removal of the fibroids. However, more research needed at the level of gene to get a keen insight and treat the disease efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azaz Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Indira IVF Hospital Pvt Ltd, Udaipur, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Centre for Translational and Clinical Research, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Nihar Ranjan Bhoi
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Indira IVF Hospital Pvt Ltd, Udaipur, India
| | - Juber Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Mohd Ajmal
- Department of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Mohammad Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
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Gupta A, Akhtar J, Rastogi KC, Badruddeen, Khan MI, Ahmad M. Oral disintegrating tablets of Proton pump inhibitors for chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease: An update. Curr Drug Res Rev 2023; 15:199-206. [PMID: 36824005 DOI: 10.2174/2589977515666230221160449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Oral disintegrating tablets (ODT) offer an attractive choice for Gastroesophageal Reflux (GERD) patients suffering from dysphagia. In chronic condition, GERD patient suffers from severe erosive esophagitis. Thus patients feel difficulty and pain during swallowing, which results in patient in-compliance toward medication of tablets or capsules- especially in geriatrics and pediatric patients. These symptoms of GERD patients have attracted the formulation scientists in improving the formulation methodology for such patients. Orally disintegrating tablets could increase the therapeutic impact and drug compliance in these patients. The aim of this compilation is to provide a more convenient way to develop an oral disintegrating drug delivery system of proton pump inhibitors in patients suffering from odynophagia, associated with chronic Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD). Oral disintegrating tablets (ODT), when placed on the tongue, can quickly disintegrate and release the medicament. It later dissolves or disperses in saliva without any additional water. The saliva containing drug can easily be swallowed and descends into the stomach leading to maximum absorption from the mouth, throat, and upper esophagus. The patient compliance and bio-availability of Oral disintegrating tablets (ODT) are high compared to other conventional tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avani Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Hygia Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Lucknow (U.P.), India
| | - Juber Akhtar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow (U.P.), India
| | - K C Rastogi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Hygia Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Lucknow (U.P.), India
| | - Badruddeen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow (U.P.), India
| | | | - Mohammad Ahmad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow (U.P.), India
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Alam F, Kharya AK, Srivastav RK, Akhtar J, Khan MI, Ahmad M. Synergetic Effect of Lupeol and Naringin Against Bile Duct Ligation Induced Cardiac Injury in Rats via Modulating Nitrite Level (eNos) and NF-kB /p65 Expression. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2023; 73:23-29. [PMID: 36138544 DOI: 10.1055/a-1879-2944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac dysfunction such as cirrhotic cardiomyopathy is more common in liver cirrhosis related disorders including primary biliary cholangitis or biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis. Bile duct ligation (BDL) is an effective model of biliary cholestasis, producing oxidative damage and fibrosis. This research was designed to evaluate the effect of Lupeol and Naringin and its combination on bile duct ligation induced cardiac injury in rats. For pharmacological evaluation, rats were randomly divided into seven groups; intrahepatic cholestasis induced by ligation of the bile duct might lead to cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. The results were analyzed by physical, biochemical and histological examination. The Lupeol (100 mg/kg, p.o.), Naringin (100 mg/kg, p.o.) and its combination (100 mg/kg each) treated group significantly improved physical infarct size, biochemical (Nitrite, SOD, CAT, and GSH) and histological (heart tissue- mitochondrial function/integrity and fibrosis) alterations occurs due to BDL-ligation. This study was concluded that oral administration of Lupeol, Naringin, and its combination has a curative potential against BDL-induced cardiac injury in rats by reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions, resulting in reduced heart necrosis/myocardial infarction and increased myocardial activity. It also inhibits cardiac damage in the rat heart, these effects may be linked to the NO level (eNOS) is increased and the inactivation of the NF-kB-p65 expression pathways.This study also provides new insights into the development of lupeol and Naringin combination that can be used as supportive therapy for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firoj Alam
- Kunwar Haribansh Singh College of Pharmacy, Jaunpur, (U.P.), India
| | | | | | - Juber Akhtar
- Faculty of Pharmacy Integral University, Lucknow (U.P.), India
| | | | - Mohammad Ahmad
- Faculty of Pharmacy Integral University, Lucknow (U.P.), India
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Abu-Ain M, Shatnawi R, Shehadeh I, Khan MI. Long-Term Visual Acuity and Optical Coherence Tomography Changes After Vitrectomy for Idiopathic Epiretinal Membranes. Clin Ophthalmol 2023; 17:693-700. [PMID: 36880022 PMCID: PMC9985397 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s401017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the long-term visual acuity and retinal thickness changes after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for idiopathic epiretinal membranes (ERM). Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of 72 patients who underwent PPV for idiopathic ERM in a tertiary hospital over 5 consecutive years. The main outcome measurement was change in visual acuity and macular thickness as recorded with optical coherence tomography (OCT). Results Medical records of 239 patients with a diagnosis of ERM who underwent PPV with or without internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling were reviewed; of these, 72 patients with idiopathic ERM were included in the final analysis. All patients completed at least one year of follow-up, and 23 patients (30%) had 5 or more years of follow-up. The mean preoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/65, and mean preoperative central macular thickness (CMT) on OCT was 434 microns (µm). Mean postoperative BCVA and CMT at one year were 20/40 and 303 µm, respectively (p<0.0001). A total of 42 patients (58%) improved by 2 or more lines; BCVA and CMT continued to improve postoperatively for up to 5 years of the follow-up period. There was no significant difference in BCVA or CMT between phakic and pseudophakic patients, and ILM peeling was performed in 67% of patients. Improved BCVA at 1 year was associated with younger age (p<0.0001) and ILM peeling (p=0.020). Conclusion PPV is an effective treatment for idiopathic ERM, and ILM peel may be of benefit. BCVA continues to improve up to 2 years and beyond after surgery regardless of the duration of symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Abu-Ain
- Department of Special Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.,Prince Hamzah Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Amman, Jordan
| | - Raed Shatnawi
- Department of Special Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.,Prince Hamzah Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ibrahim Shehadeh
- Prince Hamzah Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Irfan Khan
- Doncaster and Bassetlaw Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Doncaster, UK
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Manvi, Khan MI, Badruddeen, Akhtar J, Ahmad M, Siddiqui Z, Fatima G. Role of Plant Bioactive as Diuretics: General Considerations and Mechanism of Diuresis. Curr Hypertens Rev 2023; 19:79-92. [PMID: 37309769 DOI: 10.2174/1573402119666230612115220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medicinal plants have been found beneficial in the control and therapy of many ailments as they contain bioactive compounds, and many of them are used as precursors in the biosynthesis of natural medicines. Diuretics are used as a primary treatment in patients with edema associated with liver cirrhosis and kidney diseases, hyperkalemia, hypertension, heart failure, or renal failure. Furthermore, they are also used to increase the excretion of sodium and reduce blood volume. Due to various adverse events associated with synthetic diuretics, there is a need to investigate alternate plant-based bioactive components that have effective diuretic activity with minimal side effects. OBJECTIVE This review compiled the reported bioactive compounds from different plant sources along with their mechanisms of diuretic activity. METHODS Different sources were used to collect information regarding herbal plants with therapeutic value as diuretics. These included published peer-reviewed journal articles, scholarly articles from StatPearls, and search engines like Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Springer, ScienceDirect, Wiley, etc. Results: In this review, it was found that flavonoids like rutin, acacetin, naringenin, etc. showed significant diuretic activity in experimental models by various mechanisms, but mostly by blocking the sodium-potassium-chloride co-transporter, while some bioactive compounds showed diuretic actions via other mechanisms as well. CONCLUSION Research on clinical trials of these isolated bioactive compounds needs to be further conducted. Thus, this review provides an understanding of the potential diuretic bioactive compounds of plants for further research and pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manvi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Badruddeen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Juber Akhtar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Mohammad Ahmad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Zeba Siddiqui
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Gayyur Fatima
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
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Manvi M, Khan MI, Badruddeen B, Akhtar J, Ahmad M. Pharmacognostic Studies and Antibacterial Activity of Corchorus olitorius L. Leaf. Pharmacognosy Res 2022. [DOI: 10.5530/pres.14.4.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Though Limbal Relaxing Incisions (LRI) were used widely to correct pre-existing corneal astigmatism during cataract surgery, they have been replaced recently with the more expensive methods like the use of toric Intra Ocular Lenses (IOL) and femtosecond during cataract surgery. We conducted our study to re-evaluate the role of (LRI) in correcting pre-existing moderate corneal astigmatism during cataract surgery in settings where other options are neither available nor affordable. METHODS Retrospective analysis of all consecutive cases of LRI performed by a single surgeon at the time of cataract surgery to correct moderate corneal astigmatism (1.5-3D) in a community hospital over a period of 6 months. Corneal astigmatism, uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) and best corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) were recorded pre-operatively, 4 weeks and 3 months post-operatively. Data on age, intraocular lens (IOL) power, predictive refraction and post-operative spherical equivalent was also collected and analyzed. The number and position of LRI was determined based on the pre-existing corneal astigmatism using online calculator. RESULTS 29 eyes of 25 patients with the mean age of 73.6 years (range: 46 to 90 years) and corneal astigmatism between 1.5 to 3D were included. Statistically significant reduction in the mean corneal astigmatism was recorded from 2.05 ± 0.45D preoperatively to 0.85 ± 0.56D postoperatively (P < 0.0001). All eyes showed reduction in astigmatism; 83% of eyes had < 1.0D post-operatively and 66% of eyes had < 0.75D. UDVA of 6/9 or better was recorded in 80% of eyes post-operatively (CDVA of 6/9 or better in 100%). The spherical equivalent was within 1.0D of the predictive refraction postoperatively in nearly all eyes (97%) and within 0.5D in 86% of the eyes. There were no peri-operative or post-operative complications were recorded in any case. CONCLUSION Combining LRI and cataract surgery to address moderate degrees of corneal astigmatism is a safe, reliable and predictable option especially in areas where more expensive methods such as toric IOL or excimer laser are not available or affordable. LRI has no significant effect on the spherical equivalent and is an excellent tool in reducing patient's spectacle dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Saleh Abu-Ain
- Prince Hamzah Hospital, Amman, Jordan. .,Department of Special and General Surgery, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.
| | - Motasem Mohammad Al-Latayfeh
- Prince Hamzah Hospital, Amman, Jordan.,Department of Special and General Surgery, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Irfan Khan
- Doncaster and Bassetlaw Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Armthorpe Road, Doncaster, UK
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Parvin S, Nasrin KN, Hossain MA, Islam MN, Khan M, Taher MA, Farzana MN, Islam N, Alam MK, Naher A, Amin SE, Zaman MB, Amin S, Begum B, Khan MI, Ferdousi J. Change of Hemoglobin Level among Exclusively Breastfed Term and Preterm Babies up to Six Months of Age. Mymensingh Med J 2022; 31:15-23. [PMID: 34999674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
There is progressive increase of Hb levels is observed during course of intrauterine development of fetus but high concentrations found at birth. In preterm neonate normal Hb is characteristically deviated from term neonate. Breast milk is the only natural ideal food for both term and preterm babies from birth up to 6 months. Preterm milk was found to contain significantly higher concentrations nutrients particularly iron than term milk. Preterm human milk is more suitable for the premature infant than term human milk. As Hb concentration varies in term and preterm babies in different counties in different feeding practices. The purpose of this longitudinal descriptive study is to find out the pattern of changes in the Hb level among exclusively breastfed preterm and term infants during the first six months of life. This study was carried in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH), Mymensingh from September 2016 to February 2018. One hundred fifty (150) neonates both term and preterm were included in this study and followed up to 6 months of age. After admission informed written consent was taken from parents, thorough history taking and clinical examination were done. Data were collected in a pre-designed case record form. All the babies of Group A provided 2mg/kg iron supplementation from 6 weeks for 2 months for universal recommendation. Hb level was measured of all exclusively breast feed babies at admission after birth then next follow-up at 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months. All information regarding history, anthropometrics measurement, Hb level was recorded in structural questionnaire. Data analysis was done by SPSS version 20.0. Male were predominant in both groups. Most of the preterm (72.0%) and term babies (65.3%) were delivered by vaginal route. Mean Hb level was found significantly higher among preterm babies than term babies after birth were 16.55g/dl and 15.98g/dl respectively. Sharp fall of Hb concentration was observed after birth up to 6 weeks in both preterm and term babies but Hb level was found significantly lower in preterm in comparison to term babies (9.27gm/dl vs. 9.58gm/dl). In term babies, even after 6 weeks fall of Hb level continued to 3 months of age followed by gradual increase up to 6 months without iron supplementation. Hb level of in preterm babies gradually increased from 6 weeks up to 6 months with universal iron supplementation. Hb level fall sharply up to 6 weeks in both exclusively breastfed term and preterm babies but even after 6 weeks term babies experienced gradual fall of Hb levels up to 3 months. Hb level increases in exclusively breast-fed term babies without iron supplementation from 3 months of age. Hb level in exclusively breastfed preterm babies increase from 6 weeks onward might be effect of universal iron supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Parvin
- Dr Sabiha Parvin, MD Pediatrics (Thesis Part), Department of Pediatrics, Mymensingh Medical College (MMC), Mymensingh, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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15
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Khan W, Khan MI, Hussain S, Masood Z, Shadman M, Baset A, Rahman A, Mohsin M, Alfarraj S. Comparative analysis of brain in relation to the body length and weight of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in captive (hatchery) and wild (river system) populations. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 82:e242897. [PMID: 34816975 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.242897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyprinus carpio is the member of family cyprinidae commonly called common carp. This study was aimed to find out the comparison of brain of wild (river system) and captive (hatchery reared) population of common carp. A total of thirty samples (15 from hatchery and 15 from river Swat) were collected. All the specimens were examined in Laboratory of Parasitoloy, Zoology Department, University of Malakand. Findings indicated that wild population were greater in brain size and weight as compared to hatchery reared population. The fish samples collected from captive environment (hatchery) were showing more weight and length as compared to wild population of common carps. The mean value of total weight of hatchery fishes 345±48.68 and the mean value of brain weight of hatchery reared fishes 0.28±0.047. The mean value of wild fish's total body weight 195.16±52.58 and the mean value of brain weight of wild fishes are 0.45±0.14. Present research calls for the fact that fish in dependent environmental conditions possess brain larger in size as compared to its captive population, it is due to use and disuse of brain in their environmental requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Khan
- University of Malakand, Department of Zoology, Lower Dir, Pakistan
| | - M I Khan
- University of Malakand, Department of Zoology, Lower Dir, Pakistan
| | - S Hussain
- University of Malakand, Department of Zoology, Lower Dir, Pakistan
| | - Z Masood
- Sardar Bahadur Khan Women University, Department of Zoology, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - M Shadman
- University of Malakand, Department of Zoology, Lower Dir, Pakistan
| | - A Baset
- Bacha Khan University, Department of Zoology, Charsadda, Pakistan
| | - A Rahman
- Friedrich-Alexander-University - FAU, Institute of Geography, Department of Geography and Geosciences, Erlangen- Nuremberg Germany.,University of Malakand, Department of Botany, Chakdara, Dir Lower, Pakistan
| | - M Mohsin
- Islamia College University, Department of Zoology, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - S Alfarraj
- King Saud University, College of Science, Zoology Department, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Hamidullah, Javid A, Rasheed SB, Ullah A, Attaullah, Ahmad QA, Khan MI, Shahbaz M, Anwar K, Khan W, Ahmad Z, Ullah I. Parasitic prevalence in bat fauna captured from selected sites in northwestern Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 81:776-784. [PMID: 32965336 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.231004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Present study was conducted to record ecotoparasitic prevalence in bat fauna of the northwestern parts of Pakistan. A total of 204 bat specimens representing 14 species were captured during a two year survey, extending from June 2015 through May 2016. A species of soft ticks Argas vespertilionis was identified from 23 bat specimens. Similarly, members of the family Dermanyssoidae (dermanyssoid mites) were isolated from 10 bat specimens, that of Spinturnicidae (spinturnicid mites) from 3 and Streblidae (bat flies) from 2 bat specimens. These parasites were collected using entomological tweezers and were identified on morphological basis. Further studies on parasitic prevalence, molecular characterization of bat parasites and their control measures are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidullah
- University of Peshawar, Department of Zoology, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - A Javid
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S B Rasheed
- University of Peshawar, Department of Zoology, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - A Ullah
- University of Peshawar, Department of Zoology, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Attaullah
- Hazara University, Departmentof Human Genetic, Mansera, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Q A Ahmad
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Zoology, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - M I Khan
- University of Peshawar, Department of Zoology, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - M Shahbaz
- Women University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Department of Zoology, Bagh, Pakistan
| | - K Anwar
- Veterinary Research and Diseases Investigation Center, Department of Livestock and Dairy Development, Balogram Swat, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - W Khan
- University of Malakand, Department of Zoology, Laboratory of Parasitology, Lower Dir, Pakistan
| | - Z Ahmad
- Lahore College for Women University, Department of Environmental Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - I Ullah
- University of Agriculture, Department of Veterinary and Animals Sciences, Peshawar, Pakistan
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17
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Amir Siddiqui M, Badruddeen, Akhtar J, Uddin S, Chandrashekharan SM, Ahmad M, Khan MI, Khalid M. Chrysin modulates protein kinase IKKε/TBK1, insulin sensitivity and hepatic fatty infiltration in diet-induced obese mice. Drug Dev Res 2021; 83:194-207. [PMID: 34350600 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor kappa B cells (NF-κB) activation causes induction of the noncanonical IκB kinases (I-kappa-B kinase epsilon (IKKε) and TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) in liver and fat after high fat diet which followed activating of cascade of counter-inflammation that conserves energy storage. Chrysin (5,7-dihydroxyflavone), a natural flavonoid, present in many plants, honey and propolis, used conventionally to treat numerous ailments. The present study was aimed to identify the protective role of chrysin on the glucose lowering and insulin sensitivity in diet induced obese (DIO) mice by regulating IKKε/TBK1. Chrysin administered therapeutically (60, 100, 200 mg/kg body weight) and preventive mode (200 mg/kg body weight) for 4 and 10 weeks respectively to DIO mice. At last fasting blood glucose, oral glucose tolerance test, serum lipid profile, as well as the expression level of IKKε/TBK1 and triglyceride in the liver tissue were assessed. DIO mice showed impaired glucose tolerance, reduced weight gain, elevated hepatic IKKε/TBK1 expression, fatty acid infiltration triglyceride and increased in plasma insulin and glucose. Chrysin in both therapeutic and preventive mode normalized the altered levels of the same. Overall chrysin improves glycemic control and insulin sensitivity through regulating expression of IKKε/TBK1 in liver of DIO mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Badruddeen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Juber Akhtar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms, National Centre for Biological Sciences Campus, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Mohammad Ahmad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Mohammad Khalid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-kharj, Saudi Arabia
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18
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Rahat MA, Israr M, Hassan I, Islam M, -Ud-Din A, Ali A, Khan MI, Iqbal MS, Jabeen H, Rasool A, Akbar F, Khan MAA, Ullah N, Ali R, Nasar M, Shah M. Episode of Hepatitis C viral infection in the people of Swat, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 82:e243283. [PMID: 34161427 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.243283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious agents cause serious diseases in humans worldwide and are responsible for the high rate of morbidity and mortality. The prevalence and epidemiology of infectious disease (HCV) in the hospital visited patients referred by the physicians through the initial findings and their associated risk factors were studied in Swat. The data of 174 infected patients were collected during the period of 2015 to 2017 from two clinical laboratories of Tehsil Matta Swat. Inform consent form was taken before blood collection. After taking informed consent blood samples were collected and ICT test was performed and then ICT positive cases were conform through PCR. A total of 174 ICT positive samples [106 male and 68 females] were included in this study. Age was considered from 10 to 72 years. Of the 174 ICT strip positive, 99 [63 males, 36 females] were confirmed through PCR. The prevalence rate was recorded 56.89%. I.V/I.M injection was recorded in 100% of the individuals. Visits to the barber shop was reported in (58%) of the individuals, married individuals were (81.0), surgical operation was reported in (44.8%), sharing toothbrush was observed in (29.9%), piercing was reported in (39.7%), family history was reported in (26.4%), dental treatment was observed in (21.8%), jaundice were (13.2%) and tattooing was (1.7%). Blood transfusion, surgical operations, Jaundice, family history and dental treatment were found significant risk factors for acquiring HCV infection. It was concluded that proper implementation of precautionary measures should be needed to control the spread of HCV in far near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Rahat
- Department of Genetics, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - M Israr
- Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan
| | - I Hassan
- Department of Genetics, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - M Islam
- Department of Genetics, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - A -Ud-Din
- Department of Genetics, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - A Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Saidu Medical College, Saidu Sharif Swat, Pakistan
| | - M I Khan
- Department of Genetics, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - M S Iqbal
- Department of Botany, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - H Jabeen
- Department of Microbiology, Women University Mardan, Pakistan
| | - A Rasool
- Centre for Biotechnology & Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat-19201, Pakistan
| | - F Akbar
- Centre for Biotechnology & Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat-19201, Pakistan
| | - M A A Khan
- Centre for Biotechnology & Microbiology, University of Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - N Ullah
- Department of Genetics, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - R Ali
- Department of Genetics, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - M Nasar
- Department of Biosciences, COMSAT University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M Shah
- Center for Animal Sciences & Fisheries, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan
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Nadeem MS, Khan JA, Al-Ghamdi MA, Khan MI, Zeyadi MA. Studies on the recombinant production and anticancer activity of thermostable L- asparaginase I from Pyrococcus abyssi. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 82:e244735. [PMID: 34076169 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.244735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
L-Asparaginase catalysing the breakdown of L-Asparagine to L-Aspartate and ammonia is an enzyme of therapeutic importance in the treatment of cancer, especially the lymphomas and leukaemia. The present study describes the recombinant production, properties and anticancer potential of enzyme from a hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus abyssi. There are two genes coding for asparaginase in the genome of this organism. A 918 bp gene encoding 305 amino acids was PCR amplified and cloned in BL21 (DE3) strain of E. coli using pET28a (+) plasmid. The production of recombinant enzyme was induced under 0.5mM IPTG, purified by selective heat denaturation and ion exchange chromatography. Purified enzyme was analyzed for kinetics, in silico structure and anticancer properties. The recombinant enzyme has shown a molecular weight of 33 kDa, specific activity of 1175 U/mg, KM value 2.05mM, optimum temperature and pH 80°C and 8 respectively. No detectable enzyme activity found when L-Glutamine was used as the substrate. In silico studies have shown that the enzyme exists as a homodimer having Arg11, Ala87, Thr110, His112, Gln142, Leu172, and Lys232 being the putative active site residues. The free energy change calculated by molecular docking studies of enzyme and substrate was found as ∆G - 4.5 kJ/mole indicating the affinity of enzyme with the substrate. IC50 values of 5U/mL to 7.5U/mL were determined for FB, caco2 cells and HepG2 cells. A calculated amount of enzyme (5U/mL) exhibited 78% to 55% growth inhibition of caco2 and HepG2 cells. In conclusion, the recombinant enzyme produced and characterized in the present study offers a good candidate for the treatment of cancer. The procedures adopted in the present study can be prolonged for in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Nadeem
- King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - J A Khan
- King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - M A Al-Ghamdi
- King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - M I Khan
- King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - M A Zeyadi
- King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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20
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Khan MM, Badruddeen, Mujahid M, Akhtar J, Khan MI, Ahmad U. An Overview of Stroke: Mechanism, In vivo Experimental Models Thereof, and Neuroprotective Agents. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2021; 21:860-877. [PMID: 32552641 DOI: 10.2174/1389203721666200617133903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke is one of the causes of death and disability globally. Brain attack is because of the acute presentation of stroke, which highlights the requirement for decisive action to treat it. OBJECTIVE The mechanism and in-vivo experimental models of stroke with various neuroprotective agents are highlighted in this review. METHOD The damaging mechanisms may proceed by rapid, nonspecific cell lysis (necrosis) or by the active form of cell death (apoptosis or necroptosis), depending upon the duration and severity and of the ischemic insult. RESULTS Identification of injury mediators and pathways in a variety of experimental animal models of global cerebral ischemia has directed to explore the target-specific cytoprotective strategies, which are critical to clinical brain injury outcomes. CONCLUSION The injury mechanism, available encouraging medicaments thereof, and outcomes of natural and modern medicines for ischemia have been summarized. In spite of available therapeutic agents (thrombolytics, calcium channel blockers, NMDA receptor antagonists and antioxidants), there is a need for an ideal drug for strokes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Muazzam Khan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Badruddeen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohd Mujahid
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin, Saudi Arabia
| | - Juber Akhtar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Usama Ahmad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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21
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Azam M, Qadri R, Aslam A, Khan MI, Khan AS, Anwar R, Ghani MA, Ejaz S, Hussain Z, Iqbal MA, Chen J. Effects of different combinations of N, P and K at different time interval on vegetative, reproductive, yield and quality traits of mango (Mangifera Indica. L) cv. Dusehri. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 82:e235612. [PMID: 33681899 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.235612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The experiment was carried out on mango cv. Dusehri to investigate the effect of N, P and K fertilizers on vegetative, reproductive growth, yield and fruit quality. Eight different fertilizer combinations such as T1 (control), T2 (N), T3 (P), T4 (K), T5 (NP), T6 (NK), T7 (PK) and T8 (NPK) were used. Individual or combine fertilizer application of N (1000 g), P (750 g) and K (750 g) were applied during growing season in February and August. All the treatments significantly influenced on vegetative growth, flowering, fruiting, yield and other physiochemical attributes of mango as compared to control. Least effect was observed with individual fertilizer application while combine fertilizer treatments enhanced most of the investigated parameters. Especially, qualitative traits showed non-significant differences between treated and untreated mango trees. However, among the different treatments T8 (NPK) showed significance for fruiting aspects such as maximum size of growth flushes (177.51 mm), total number of panicles/tree (845), total number of flowers/panicle (974), sex ratio (69.18%), fruit retention (13.85%), total number of fruits/tree (379), yield (82 kg/tree), fruit weight (197.5 g), pulp weight (135.5 g) and physiochemical parameters namely TSS (24.53), Vit. C (57.63 mg/100 mL) and total sugar (20.84%). In general, combine application of NPK (T8) were the most effective in enhancing fruiting aspects, yield, physiochemical characteristics as well as improved fruit quality of mango trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Azam
- University of Agriculture, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - R Qadri
- University of Agriculture, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - A Aslam
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - M I Khan
- University of Agriculture, Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - A S Khan
- University of Agriculture, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - R Anwar
- University of Agriculture, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M A Ghani
- University of Agriculture, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - S Ejaz
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Department of Horticulture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Z Hussain
- University of Sargodha, College of Agriculture, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - M A Iqbal
- Barani Agricultural Research Institute, Chakwal, Pakistan
| | - J Chen
- Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou Experimental Station, Hainan Key Laboratory of Banana Genetic Improvement, Haikou, China
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22
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Shahbaz M, Hamidullah, Khan W, Javid A, Attaullah, Rasheed SB, Anwar K, Ullah A, Zeb J, Khan MI, Ahmad QA, Khan BT, Khan M, Ullah I, Farooq Z, Hussain A. Morphometrics of the indian false vampire bat (Megaderma lyra) from district Jhelum, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 81:934-939. [PMID: 33146253 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.232444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
During the present study thirteen Megaderma lyra bats were observed roosting in dark, domed shaped room of Rohtas Fort, district Jhelum. Out of these, six specimens were captured from the roosting site, using hand net. All captured specimens were male. These bats were identified through their unique facial features, an erect and elongated nose-leaf, large oval ears that joined above the forehead and no tail. Mean head and body length of captured specimens was 80 mm, forearm length was 67 mm while average lengths of 3rd, 4th and 5th metacarpals were 51.73 mm, 55.17 mm and 60.42 mm, respectively. Mean skull length was 29.84 mm, breadth of braincase was 12.77 mm. Average Penis length of two specimens was 6.6 mm and total bacular length was 3.08 mm respectively. This is the first record of Megaderma lyra from district Jhelum.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shahbaz
- Department of Zoology, Women University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Bagh, Pakistan
| | - Hamidullah
- Department of Zoology, University of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - W Khan
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Zoology, University of Malakand, Lower Dir, Pakistan
| | - A Javid
- Department of Wildlife and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Attaullah
- Departmentof Human Genetic, Hazara University, Mansera, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - S B Rasheed
- Department of Zoology, University of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - K Anwar
- Department of Livesstock and Dairy development, Veterinary Research and Diseases Investigation Center, Balogram Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - A Ullah
- Department of Zoology, University of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - J Zeb
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - M I Khan
- Department of Zoology, University of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Q A Ahmad
- Department of Zoology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur Pakistan
| | - B T Khan
- Department of Zoology, University of Buner, KP, Pakistan
| | - M Khan
- Department of Zoology, University of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - I Ullah
- University of Agriculture, Department of Veterinary and Animals Sciences, Pehawar, Pakistan
| | - Z Farooq
- Department of Zoology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur Pakistan
| | - A Hussain
- Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, University of Haripur Hatta Road, near Swat Chowk, Haripur, Pakistan
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Rind L, Ahmad M, Khan MI, Badruddeen, Akhtar J, Ahmad U, Yadav C, Owais M. An insight on safety, efficacy, and molecular docking study reports of N-acetylcysteine and its compound formulations. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 33:223-233. [PMID: 33638319 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2020-0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is considered as the body's major antioxidant molecules with diverse biological properties. In this review, the pharmacokinetics, safety and efficacy report on both the preclinical and clinical summary of NAC is discussed. Both in vitro and in vivo preclinical studies along with the clinical data have shown that NAC has enormous biological properties. NAC is used in the treatment of acetaminophen poisoning, diabetic nephropathy, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and ulcerative colitis, etc. Numerous analytical techniques, for instance, UPLC, LC-MS, HPLC, RP-IPC are primarily employed for the estimation of NAC in different single and fixed-dose combinations. The molecular docking studies on NAC demonstrate the binding within Sudlow's site-I hydrogen bonds and formation of NAC and BSA complexes. Various hydrophobic and hydrophilic amino acids generally exist in making contact with NAC as NAC-BSA complexes. Docking studies of NAC with the active site of the urease exposed an O-coordinated bond through nickel 3002 and a hydrogen bond through His-138. NAC and its analogs also made the allosteric pockets that helped to describe almost all favorable pose for the chaperone in a complex through the protein. Thus, we intended to highlight the several health benefits of this antioxidant compound and applications in pharmaceutical product development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laiba Rind
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohammad Ahmad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Badruddeen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Juber Akhtar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Usama Ahmad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chandan Yadav
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohammad Owais
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Nasrim KN, Parvin S, Hossain MA, Alam MK, Amin SE, Naher A, Islam MN, Salam A, Akhtaruzzaman M, Choudhury FH, Zaman F, Khan MI, Begum B. Neuro-developmental Outcome of High Risk Neonates in a Tertiary Level Hospital. Mymensingh Med J 2021; 30:90-100. [PMID: 33397857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
An observational longitudinal study was conducted in the Department of Neonatology and Child Developmental Center, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH), Bangladesh during the period of September 2016 to February 2018 to find out the neuro-developmental outcome of high risk neonates at the age of 6 months. Five hundred seventy six (576) high risk neonate who were admitted in the neonatology department in Mymensingh Medical College Hospital were selected as study population by Purposive sampling technique. After admission written informed consent from parents or guardians obtained and Data was collected in a pre-designed case record form. At 6th months of age total 400 baby were came to Child Development Centre and their motor, cognition and behavior development were assessed by Bayley Scale of Infant Development and severity of cognitive, motor and behavior impairment were graded. All data were compiled, tabulated and then analyzed by computer software SPSS version 20.00. Mean age was 7.2±3.3 days. Among studied newborns 18.1% were preterm and 81.9% were term. Most of the newborn were male (63.0%). Developmental delay was found in 81.5% and neuro-developmental outcome was found normal in only 18.5% newborns. Significant delayed motor performance was found in 52% newborns where 17% had mild delay. Significantly delayed mental performance was found in 57.0% and 28.52% had mildly delayed mental performance. Non-optimal behavior was found in 57.0% newborns and14% had questionable behavior. Very low birth weight, preterm very low birth weight, home delivery, perinatal asphyxia and neonatal seizure were found to have significant relation with developmental delay. Most of the high risk neonates develop developmental delay.
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Affiliation(s)
- K N Nasrim
- Dr Kamrun Nahar Nasrin, Child Health Physician, Shishu Bikash Kendro, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH), Mymensingh, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Saeed M, Khan MI, Arshad R, Farooq MA, Rehman MA, Ishaque A. Exploring the anti-cancerous and anti-inflammatory potential of bovine meat by-product hydrolysates. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2020; 34:1875-1878. [PMID: 33161696 DOI: 10.23812/20-175-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Saeed
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Lahore, Gujrat Campus, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - M I Khan
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - R Arshad
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Lahore, Gujrat Campus, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - M A Farooq
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou China
| | - M A Rehman
- Ruth Pfau College of Nutrition Sciences, Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Ishaque
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Lahore, Gujrat Campus, Gujrat, Pakistan
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Ismail M, Akhtar K, Khan MI, Kamal T, Khan MA, M Asiri A, Seo J, Khan SB. Pollution, Toxicity and Carcinogenicity of Organic Dyes and their Catalytic Bio-Remediation. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:3645-3663. [PMID: 31656147 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666191021142026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Water pollution due to waste effluents of the textile industry is seriously causing various health problems in humans. Water pollution with pathogenic bacteria, especially Escherichia coli (E. coli) and other microbes is due to the mixing of fecal material with drinking water, industrial and domestic sewage, pasture and agricultural runoff. Among the chemical pollutants, organic dyes due to toxic nature, are one of the major contaminants of industrial wastewater. Adequate sanitation services and drinking quality water would eliminate 200 million cases of diarrhea, which results in 2.1 million less deaths caused by diarrheal disease due to E. coli each year. Nanotechnology is an excellent platform as compared to conventional treatment methods of water treatment and remediation from microorganisms and organic dyes. In the current study, toxicity and carcinogenicity of the organic dyes have been studied as well as the remediation/inactivation of dyes and microorganism has been discussed. Remediation by biological, physical and chemical methods has been reviewed critically. A physical process like adsorption is cost-effective, but can't degrade dyes. Biological methods were considered to be ecofriendly and cost-effective. Microbiological degradation of dyes is cost-effective, eco-friendly and alternative to the chemical reduction. Besides, certain enzymes especially horseradish peroxidase are used as versatile catalysts in a number of industrial processes. Moreover, this document has been prepared by gathering recent research works related to the dyes and microbial pollution elimination from water sources by using heterogeneous photocatalysts, metal nanoparticles catalysts, metal oxides and enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ismail
- Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat-26000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Kalsoom Akhtar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - M I Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat-26000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Tahseen Kamal
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Murad A Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat-26000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah M Asiri
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.,Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jongchul Seo
- Department of Packaging, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju, Kangwon-do 26493, South Korea
| | - Sher B Khan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.,Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Chowdhury MM, Ullah AA, Mohammed S, Zeba IJ, Ahmed A, Shahriar S, Sobhan SA, Khan MI, Siddiqui O, Ahsan SM, Bari L. A Rare Case of Insulinoma: A Case Report. Mymensingh Med J 2020; 29:222-227. [PMID: 31915362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Insulinoma is a rare variety of endocrine neoplasm and is usually benign, solitary, and small in size. The hallmark of this disorder is high endogenous insulin secretion resulting in development of symptoms of hypoglycemia. Insulinomas account for 60% of islet cell tumors (ICT) of the pancreas. Ninety percent (90%) of the insulinomas measure less than 2cm. Early localization of the disease is essential to prevent lethal hypoglycemia. Here we report a case of insulinoma in a 28 year old female who subsequently underwent distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy on February 2017 in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Chowdhury
- Professor Md Mohsen Chowdhury, Professor & Head of Yellow Unit II, Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Siddiqui MA, Badruddeen, Akhtar J, Uddin M.S. S, Irfan Khan M, Khalid M. Molecular mechanism of interactions between chrysin and I-kappa-B kinase epsilon (IKKe)/tank binding kinase-1(TBK1): Cell-based assay and in silico molecular docking studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 38:589-596. [PMID: 30767626 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2019.1581086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Amir Siddiqui
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Badruddeen
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Juber Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shahab Uddin M.S.
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms, National Centre for Biological Sciences Campus, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohammad Irfan Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohammad Khalid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Yusuf M, Nasiruddin M, Sultana N, Badruddeen, Akhtar J, Khan MI, Ahmad M. Regulatory Mechanism of Caffeic acid on glucose Metabolism in Diabetes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.5958/0974-360x.2019.00816.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Santos FF, Li J, Brandão MDM, Machado LS, Soares NM, Nascimento ER, Khan MI, Pereira VLA. Characterization and Differentiation of Chicken Mycoplasma Isolates Using 16S-23S Intergenic Spacer Region Sequencing. Braz J Poult Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2018-0834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- FF Santos
- Instituto Federal de Educacao Ciencia e Tecnologia do Amazonas, Brazil
| | - J Li
- University of Connecticut, USA
| | - MDM Brandão
- Instituto Federal de Educacao Ciencia e Tecnologia do Amazonas, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - MI Khan
- University of Connecticut, USA
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Khan MI, Rahman MA, Khalid M, Khushtar M, Mujahid M. Quality Control Standardization and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Potential of Daruhaldi ( Berberis aristata DC) Stem Bark. J Diet Suppl 2018; 17:97-109. [PMID: 30289011 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2018.1484405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Berberis aristata is used for the treatment of diabetes, piles, and liver diseases. As the drug is broadly used in Indigenous systems of medicine, it was designed to set the quality standards and antimicrobial potential for the stem bark of Berberis aristata. Botanical, physicochemical, pharmacotoxicological, fluorescence, microbial load, and phytochemical parameters of the stem bark were determined. High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) was carried out by the CAMAG-HPTLC system. Berberine, total phenolics, and flavonoids were estimated. The antimicrobial potential was determined against the bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli and fungi Penicillium citrinum and Aspergillus terreus. The foreign matter, foaming index, swelling index, bitterness value, resin content, loss on drying, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, water-soluble ash, heavy metals, microbial load, berberine content, total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content were found to be 0, 0, 5, 1.34, 0.86%, 2.07%, 4.33%, 0.28%, 2.66%, within limits, 6 colonies in 1/100 dilution, 0.032 mg/g, 144.04 µg/ml, and 85.61 µg/ml, respectively. Phytochemicals such as phenolics, flavonoids, and sterols were present in the methanolic extract. The fluorescences observed in UV light were of different colors in different solvents. The methanolic extract and standards exhibited antimicrobial activity at the tested concentrations against the microbial strains. Results confirmed the quality and purity of the drug B. aristata. Results also confirmed that methanolic extract of B. aristata stem bark possesses potent antimicrobial activity. Thus, the use of this quality-controlled plant-derived drug with established antimicrobial property could be of great significance in quality-control standardization and preventive and therapeutic approaches to infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Irfan Khan
- Herbal Bioactive Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Md Azizur Rahman
- Herbal Bioactive Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohammad Khalid
- Herbal Bioactive Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohammad Khushtar
- Herbal Bioactive Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Md Mujahid
- Herbal Bioactive Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Ferdous J, Rahman MS, Khan MI, Khan MAHNA, Rima UK. Prevalence of clinical and subclinical caprine mastitis of northern region in Bangladesh. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.3329/pa.v29i2.38296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Mastitis is a multifactorial and infectious disease of the udder of dairy animals. Infected animals suffer from pain and fever and causing damage in udder and changes in milk. The aim of this work was to determine the prevalence of clinical and sub-clinical caprine mastitis associated with bacterial pathogens during the period from January to June, 2017. A total of 120 lactating goats were randomly selected from different villages of Dinajpur district and 240 milk samples from each udder half were aseptically collected. The udders were examined and screened for the evidence of clinical and subclinical mastitis by clinical examination of udders and examining milk samples. Subclinical mastitis was detected by California Mastitis Test (CMT). Milk samples of all clinical and subclinical mastitis goats were cultured in/on bacteriological media for isolation and characterization of responsible bacterial pathogens. The overall prevalence of clinical and subclinical mastitis in goats was found to be 11.67% and 38.75%, respectively. Bacteriological examination of mastitic milk samples of caprine revealed Staphylococcus spp. (32.5%) as the major pathogen followed by Escherichia coli (22.5%), Pseudomonas spp. (12.5%), Klebsiella spp. (12.5%) and Bacillus spp. (5%). Results of this study indicated that about 50% of caprine udder were infected with mastitis (38.75%), which may render lowering milk production and mortality of goats and kids. It needs to screen milk sample of lactating goats by CMT, identify mastitic goats with infected bacteria, evaluate antibiotic sensitivity and design control strategy accordingly.Progressive Agriculture 29 (2): 127-138, 2018
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Siddiqui A, Akhtar J, Uddin M.S. S, Khan MI, Khalid M, Ahmad M. A Naturally Occurring Flavone (Chrysin): Chemistry, Occurrence, Pharmacokinetic, Toxicity, Molecular Targets and Medicinal Properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/22311866.2018.1498750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Siddiqui
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Juber Akhtar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | | | - Mohammad Khalid
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohammad Ahmad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Ahmad A, Khushtar M, Kumar R, Badruddeen, Riyaz A, Khan MI, Rahman A. Augmented Reversal of Cisplatin-Induced Delayed Gastric Emptying by Amla (Emblica Officinalis) Fruit Extract in Sprague-Dawley Rats. J Diet Suppl 2017; 15:684-691. [PMID: 29115898 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2017.1385562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite the availability of effective antiemetics, control of acute and delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is often suboptimal and there is need of an inexpensive and safer alternative. Thus, this study was designed to evaluate the effect of Emblica officinalis Gaertn (Euphorbiaceae) fruit extract (EEEO) on cisplatin-induced delayed gastric emptying in Sprague-Dawley rats so that Emblica officinalis can be clarified for its application in CINV as a potential candidate. Groups I, II, III, IV, and V rats were pretreated orally with 1% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC, 1 mL/kg), 1% CMC (1 mL/kg), EEEO (250 mg/kg), EEEO (500 mg/kg), and ondansetron (3 mg/kg), respectively, for 5 consecutive days. Then, Group I rats received 0.1 mL of normal saline and Groups II-V rats received 10 mg/kg body weight of cisplatin intraperitoneally. Immediately after that, a test meal (1.5 mL/rat) was administered to each group, and after 30 minutes, rats were euthanized to evaluate the percentage of gastric emptying. EEEO at the specified doses reversed the cisplatin-induced delayed gastric emptying. EEEO (500 mg/kg body weight) pretreatment for 5 days before cisplatin challenge in Group IV rats significantly (p < .05) increased gastric emptying to 74.25% ± 7.19%. Reversal of cisplatin-induced delay in gastric emptying by EEEO (500 mg/kg body weight) in Group IV was significantly (p < .05) comparable to that of the ondansetron treated Group V. EEEO possesses the property to reverse the cisplatin-induced delayed gastric emptying and can be used as an antiemetic for the prevention of CINV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asad Ahmad
- a Bioactive Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy , Integral University , Lucknow , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Mohammad Khushtar
- a Bioactive Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy , Integral University , Lucknow , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Ranjan Kumar
- a Bioactive Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy , Integral University , Lucknow , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Badruddeen
- a Bioactive Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy , Integral University , Lucknow , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Ambreena Riyaz
- a Bioactive Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy , Integral University , Lucknow , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Mohammad Irfan Khan
- a Bioactive Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy , Integral University , Lucknow , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Azizur Rahman
- a Bioactive Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy , Integral University , Lucknow , Uttar Pradesh , India
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Khan MI, O'Leary C, O'Brien A, Lester L, Silvari V, Duggan C, O'Shea S. Hospital Acquired Thrombosis (HAT) Prevention in an Acute Hospital; A Single Centre Cross-Sectional Study. Ir Med J 2017; 110:547. [PMID: 28665086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Evidence based guidelines are effective in reducing incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) which is associated with morbidly, mortality and economic burden. This study aimed to identify the proportion of inpatients who had a VTE risk assessment (RA) performed and who received thromboprophylaxis (TP), in Cork University Hospital. There was no structured RA tool at the time; information was obtained from medical and drug charts to ascertain if a RA was performed. Patients were then RA by researchers and stratified as per NICE guidelines and the proportion who received TP was calculated. One thousand and nineteen inpatients were screened. Risk was documented in 24% of cases. TP was prescribed in 43.2% of inpatients. Following application of a RA tool >80% were at high risk of VTE with low risk of bleeding with TP prescription in 46.3% of inpatients. A national collaborative effort should be encouraged to develop a standardized approach for safe RA of inpatients and prescription of TP for prevention of HAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Khan
- Haematology Department, Cork University Hospital
- Clinical Research Facility, University College Cork
| | - C O'Leary
- Haematology Department, Cork University Hospital
| | - A O'Brien
- Haematology Department, Cork University Hospital
| | - L Lester
- Haematology Department, Cork University Hospital
| | - V Silvari
- Haematology Department, Cork University Hospital
| | - C Duggan
- Haematology Department, Cork University Hospital
| | - S O'Shea
- Haematology Department, Cork University Hospital
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Khan MI, O'Leary C, O'Brien A, Silvari V, Duggan C, O'Shea S. Incidence of Hospital Acquired Thrombosis (HAT) in a Tertiary Care Hospital. Ir Med J 2017; 110:542. [PMID: 28665081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major cause of preventable morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. In spite of guidelines, VTE prophylaxis continues to be underutilised, and hospital acquired thrombosis (HAT) continues to be a problem. This study was conducted to estimate the incidence of HAT in a tertiary referral centre and to examine whether VTE risk assessment and thromboprophylaxis (TP) were implemented. Patients 18 years and above, with a radiologically-confirmed acute VTE during the study period of 15 weeks were included. Acute VTE was diagnosed in 100 patients and HAT was diagnosed in 48. There were 12,024 admissions over the study period, therefore the incidence of HAT was 0.4%. TP was prescribed in only 35% of patients, and 65% did not receive any or appropriate TP. Hospitals without active implementation of a formal risk assessment tool and TP policy are likely to continue to have increased incidence of HAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Khan
- Haematology Department, Cork University Hospital
| | - C O'Leary
- Haematology Department, Cork University Hospital
| | - A O'Brien
- Clinical Research Facility, University College Cork
| | - V Silvari
- Haematology Department, Cork University Hospital
| | - C Duggan
- Haematology Department, Cork University Hospital
| | - S O'Shea
- Haematology Department, Cork University Hospital
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Shah MS, Ashraf A, Khan MI, Rahman M, Habib M, Chughtai MI, Qureshi JA. Fowl adenovirus: history, emergence, biology and development of a vaccine against hydropericardium syndrome. Arch Virol 2017; 162:1833-1843. [PMID: 28283816 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-017-3313-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The poultry industry has emerged as one of the largest and fastest growing public sectors in the developed and developing countries. Unfortunately, this industry is under a major threat from diseases that are viral (Newcastle disease, infectious bursal disease, influenza, hydropericardium syndrome), bacterial (colibacillosis, pasteurellosis, salmonellosis, mycoplasmosis), parasitic (coccidiosis, histoplasmosis) or nutritional (dyschondroplasia, osteoporosis). Among these diseases, hydropericardium syndrome (HPS) is one of the important emerging diseases occurring in the specific areas of the world where broilers (chickens) are reared under intensive conditions. HPS was first observed in 1987 at Angara Goth, an area near Karachi, Pakistan, where broilers are raised. Since then, HPS has been reported in many countries of the world. From these reported cases, an adenovirus that was either isolated from or visualized electron microscopically in the liver of affected broilers has been implicated in the syndrome. The syndrome has been reproduced by inoculation of isolated fowl adenovirus (FAdV) strains, and hence, the syndrome is also called infectious hydropericardium syndrome. To our knowledge, HPS has not been observed in humans, so it is not considered a zoonotic disease, but it is of economic importance and causes huge losses to the poultry industry. Efforts have been made to develop conventional vaccines against this disease, which were formulated from infected liver homogenate. Formalin-inactivated liver organ vaccines have failed to protect the poultry industry. Hence, there is a dire need to develop a suitable vaccine to combat this disease. Currently, recombinant vaccine candidates are being developed by using molecular biology and biotechnological approaches for the prevention and control of infectious diseases, including HPS. Therefore, it is suggested that the immunogenicity of these recombinant proteins should be evaluated for their use as subunit vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Shah
- Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, USA.
- National Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - A Ashraf
- Department of Zoology, G.C University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M I Khan
- Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, USA
| | - M Rahman
- National Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M Habib
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M I Chughtai
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - J A Qureshi
- National Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan
- University of Lahore, Defense Road, Lahore, Pakistan
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Khan MI, O'Leary C, Silvari V, O'Brien A, O'Connor M, Duggan C, O'Shea S. Venous Thromboembolism - Risk Assessment Tool and Thromboprophylaxis Policy: A National Survey. Ir Med J 2017; 110:499. [PMID: 28657276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Venous Thromboembolic (VTE) events in hospitalised patients are associated with significant mortality and morbidity and a major economic burden on the health service. It is well established in the literature that active implementation of a mandatory risk assessment tool and thromboprophylaxis policy reduces the incidence of hospital associated thrombosis (HAT). This study examines the utilization of a VTE risk assessment tool and thromboprophylaxis (TP) policy in Irish hospitals that manage acute admissions. A national survey was distributed to forty acute hospitals throughout Ireland. The response rate was 78% (31/40). The results showed that only 26% (n=8/31) of acute hospitals in Ireland have a local implemented TP policy. Six (75%) of these eight had a risk assessment tool in conjunction with the TP policy. All respondents who did not report to have a TP policy and risk assessment tool agreed that they should implement VTE prevention policy at their hospital. Based on the data from this survey and evidence from the effectiveness of the VTE prevention programme introduced in the United Kingdom, there is a need for a national risk assessment and thromboprophylaxis policy in Ireland. This change in practice would have the potential to prevent or reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with hospital acquired thrombosis.
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Miandad R, Nizami AS, Rehan M, Barakat MA, Khan MI, Mustafa A, Ismail IMI, Murphy JD. Influence of temperature and reaction time on the conversion of polystyrene waste to pyrolysis liquid oil. Waste Manag 2016; 58:250-259. [PMID: 27717700 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper aims to investigate the effect of temperature and reaction time on the yield and quality of liquid oil produced from a pyrolysis process. Polystyrene (PS) type plastic waste was used as a feedstock in a small pilot scale batch pyrolysis reactor. At 400°C with a reaction time of 75min, the gas yield was 8% by mass, the char yield was 16% by mass, while the liquid oil yield was 76% by mass. Raising the temperature to 450°C increased the gas production to 13% by mass, reduced the char production to 6.2% and increased the liquid oil yield to 80.8% by mass. The optimum temperature and reaction time was found to be 450°C and 75min. The liquid oil at optimum conditions had a dynamic viscosity of 1.77mPas, kinematic viscosity of 1.92cSt, a density of 0.92g/cm3, a pour point of -60°C, a freezing point of -64°C, a flash point of 30.2°C and a high heating value (HHV) of 41.6MJ/kg this is similar to conventional diesel. The gas chromatography with mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS) analysis showed that liquid oil contains mainly styrene (48%), toluene (26%) and ethyl-benzene (21%) compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Miandad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Centre of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - A S Nizami
- Centre of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - M Rehan
- Centre of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - M A Barakat
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - M I Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Mustafa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - I M I Ismail
- Centre of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - J D Murphy
- School of Engineering, University College Cork, Ireland; MaREI Centre, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Ireland
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Parveen R, Khan MI, Anjum FM, Sheikh MA. Investigating potential roles of extruded flaxseed and α-tocopherol acetate supplementation for production of healthier broiler meat. Br Poult Sci 2016; 57:566-75. [PMID: 27108741 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2016.1180669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the role of extruded flaxseed (EFS) and α-tocopherol acetate (ATA) for the enhancement of polyunsaturated fatty acids ratio (PUFA) over saturated fatty acids (SFA) in broiler meat as a source of healthier meat. A total of 96 one-d-old Cobb 550 broilers were randomly divided into 8 treatments with three replicates having 4 birds in each. EFS (extruded at 155°C) at 100, 150 and 200 g/kg alone and in combination with ATA at 200 mg/kg were supplemented through normal feed from the third week onward. During the 6-week growth period, body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and mortality were recorded. At slaughter, weight of liver, heart and kidney and fat content in breast and leg meat were measured. Fatty acid profiles in breast and leg meat were developed to estimate the PUFA to SFA ratio. The results revealed that FI and FCR changed significantly in all groups and BWG increased in all the supplemented groups. The weight of liver, kidney and heart increased more in the supplemented group containing the maximum level of EFS with ATA compared with single supplementation of EFS. The fat content in breast and leg meat decreased as the inclusion level of EFS increased. The level was low in leg meat compared with breast meat. Mortality decreased in all supplemented groups. The PUFA to SFA ratio was significantly higher in leg meat (3.23) compared with breast meat (1.81) and the study therefore indicates that ATA and EFS supplementation could be used to improve the PUFA to SFA ratio in broiler meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Parveen
- a National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture , Faisalabad , Pakistan
| | - M I Khan
- a National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture , Faisalabad , Pakistan
| | - F M Anjum
- a National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture , Faisalabad , Pakistan
| | - M A Sheikh
- b Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Agriculture , Faisalabad , Pakistan
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Shah MS, Ashraf A, Khan MI, Rahman M, Habib M, Qureshi JA. Molecular cloning, expression and characterization of 100K gene of fowl adenovirus-4 for prevention and control of hydropericardium syndrome. Biologicals 2015; 44:19-23. [PMID: 26558992 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fowl adenovirus-4 is an infectious agent causing Hydropericardium syndrome in chickens. Adenovirus are non-enveloped virions having linear, double stranded DNA. Viral genome codes for few structural and non structural proteins. 100K is an important non-structural viral protein. Open reading frame for coding sequence of 100K protein was cloned with oligo histidine tag and expressed in Escherichia coli as a fusion protein. Nucleotide sequence of the gene revealed that 100K gene of FAdV-4 has high homology (98%) with the respective gene of FAdV-10. Recombinant 100K protein was expressed in E. coli and purified by nickel affinity chromatography. Immunization of chickens with recombinant 100K protein elicited significant serum antibody titers. However challenge protection test revealed that 100K protein conferred little protection (40%) to the immunized chicken against pathogenic viral challenge. So it was concluded that 100K gene has 2397 bp length and recombinant 100K protein has molecular weight of 95 kDa. It was also found that the recombinant protein has little capacity to affect the immune response because in-spite of having an important role in intracellular transport & folding of viral capsid proteins during viral replication, it is not exposed on the surface of the virus at any stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Shah
- Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; Drug Discovery and Structural Biology Group, Health Biotechnology Division, NIBGE, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - A Ashraf
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M I Khan
- Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - M Rahman
- Drug Discovery and Structural Biology Group, Health Biotechnology Division, NIBGE, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M Habib
- Vaccine Development Group, Animal Sciences Division, NIAB, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - J A Qureshi
- Drug Discovery and Structural Biology Group, Health Biotechnology Division, NIBGE, Faisalabad, Pakistan; Institute for Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Pakistan
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Alam S, Rangaswamy D, Prakash S, Sharma RK, Khan MI, Sonawane A, Agrawal S. Impact of killer immunoglobulin-like receptor-human leukocyte antigens ligand incompatibility among renal transplantation. Indian J Nephrol 2015; 25:27-33. [PMID: 25684869 PMCID: PMC4323909 DOI: 10.4103/0971-4065.134655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) gene shows a high degree of polymorphism. Natural killer cell receptor gets activated once they bind to self-human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) with specific ligand. KIR gene and HLA ligand incompatibility due to the presence/absence of KIR in the recipient and the corresponding HLA ligand in the allograft may impact graft survival in solid organ transplantation. This study evaluates the effect of matches between KIR genes and known HLA ligands. KIR genotypes were determined using sequence specific primer polymerase chain reaction. Presence of certain KIR in a recipient, where the donor lacked the corresponding HLA ligand was considered a mismatch. The allograft was considered matched when both KIR receptor and HLA alloantigen reveald compatibility among recipient and donor. The data revealed better survival among individuals with matched inhibitory KIR receptors and their corresponding HLA ligands (KIR2DL2/DL3-HLAC2, KIR3DL1-HLABw4). On the contrary, no adverse effect was seen for matched activating KIR receptors and their corresponding HLA ligands. One of the activating gene KIR2DS4 showed risk (P = 0.0413, odds ratio = 1.91, 95% confidence interval = 1.02-3.57) association with renal allograft rejection. We conclude that the presence of inhibitory KIR gene leads to better survival; whereas activating motifs show no significant role in renal allograft survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Alam
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India ; Department of Nephrology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - D Rangaswamy
- Department of Nephrology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S Prakash
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India ; Department of Immunobiology Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - R K Sharma
- Department of Nephrology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M I Khan
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A Sonawane
- Department of Immunobiology Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - S Agrawal
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Hasan SMMMA, Khan MI, Umar BU, Sadeque MZ. Comparative study of the effect of ethanolic extract of Swietenia mahagoni seeds with rosiglitazone on experimentally induced diabetes mellitus in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 39:6-10. [PMID: 23923404 DOI: 10.3329/bmrcb.v39i1.15790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The study was performed to compare the blood glucose lowering effect of Swietenia mahagoni seeds with an oral antidiabetic drug, rosiglitazone in experimentally induced diabetic rats. Twentyfour healthy Long Evans Norwegian strain of rats were included in the study and divided into four groups (A, B, C and D) comprising 6 rats each. Group A (control group) received standard rat food for 14 days. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal administration of alloxan 120 mg/kg body weight in Group B, C and D. Group B was given standard food for 10 days and considered as diabetic control. Group C and D were treated with ethanolic extract of Swietenia mahagoni seeds 1000 mg/kg and rosiglitazone 10 mg/kg orally respectively. Administration of ethanolic extract of Swietenia mahagoni seeds in group C and rosiglitazone in group D produced a significant reduction in blood glucose level as compared to diabetic control (group B). Histological examination of pancreas showed destruction of beta cells in Islets of pancreas in group B whereas retaining of islets and few degranulations of beta cells of pancreas found in group C and group D. The observations and results of the present study provide information that ethanolic extract of Swietenia mahagoni seeds has hypoglycaemic effect in experimentally induced diabetic rats which requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M M M A Hasan
- Department of Pharmacology, Green Life Medical College, Dhaka.
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Ismail M, Iqbal Z, Khan MI, Javaid A, Arsalan H, Farhadullah H, Khan F, Khan AZ, Nasir F, Khan JA. Frequency, Levels and Predictors of Potential Drug-Drug Interactions in a Pediatrics Ward of a Teaching Hospital in Pakistan. TROP J PHARM RES 2013. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v12i3.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Hussain Z, Khan MI, Shahid M, Almajhdi FN. S-adenosylmethionine, a methyl donor, up regulates tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 in colorectal cancer. Genet Mol Res 2013; 12:1106-18. [PMID: 23661436 DOI: 10.4238/2013.april.10.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
DNA methylation is a fundamental epigenetic mechanism in regulating the expression of genes controlling crucial cell functions in cancer development. Gene silencing via CpG island methylation/demethylation in the promoter region is one of the mechanisms by which different genes are inactivated/activated in human cancers. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) is known to antagonize matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity and to suppress tumor growth, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. TIMP-2 expression has been found to be both upregulated and downregulated in various cancers. The inconsistent TIMP-2 expression and unclear epigenetic regulation lead us to investigate its role in colorectal cancer in the presence of a methylating agent. Highly invasive human colorectal cells SW-620 were treated with the methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and its effect was evaluated by cell proliferation, cell cycle, invasion and migration assay. The ability of SAM to down regulate a panel of activated prometastatic, angiogenesis and growth- and cell cycle-regulatory genes was evaluated using end-point and real-time PCR. Treatment of SW-620 with SAM diminished cell proliferation and altered cell cycle kinetic G2/M phase cell cycle arrest. An in vitro matrigel invasion assay of SAM-treated cells showed a significant reduction in the invasive potential compared to untreated SW-620 cells. Treatment of SW-620 cells with SAM resulted in activation of TIMP-2 and inhibition of the expression of genes such as MMP (MMP-2, MT1-MMP), urokinase plasminogen activator, and vascular endothelial growth factors. The level of expression of tumor suppressor and apoptotic genes was not significantly higher compared to the untreated control. No changes in the levels of expression of genes (growth and cell cycle regulator), such as TGF-β, Smad2, Smad4, and p21 were observed. Our data support the hypothesis that TIMP-2, along with other prometastatic genes, is hypomethylated and expressed differently in colorectal cancer. Further in-depth analysis is warranted to confirm the promoter region CpG methylation pattern of the TIMP-2 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Hussain
- Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Veerman KJ, Venegas-Pino DE, Shi Y, Khan MI, Gerstein HC, Werstuck GH. Hyperglycaemia is associated with impaired vasa vasorum neovascularization and accelerated atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein-E deficient mice. Atherosclerosis 2013; 227:250-8. [PMID: 23411040 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2012] [Revised: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A direct correlation between blood glucose levels and the microvascular complications of diabetes is well established. However, the effects of hyperglycaemia on the vasa vasorum, a microvascular network which surrounds and supplies the walls of large arteries, is not known. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of hyperglycaemia on the vasa vasorum and to examine correlations between these effects and the development of atherosclerosis in a mouse model. METHODS The micro- and macrovascular effects of hyperglycaemia were examined in streptozotocin-injected apolipoprotein-E deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice. Retina and aortic sinus were isolated from hyperglycaemic mice and normoglycaemic controls at 5-20 weeks of age. Retinal and vasa vasorum microvessel densities were quantified and correlated to atherosclerotic lesion development. The expression levels of pro-angiogenic factors including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptor 2 were examined. RESULTS In normoglycaemic ApoE(-/-) mice atherogenesis is associated with vasa vasorum expansion, which likely corresponds to the increasing blood supply demands of the thickening artery wall. In hyperglycaemic ApoE(-/-) mice there is no significant neovascularization of the vasa vasorum, despite the fact that lesions are significantly larger. This defect may result from a localized deficiency in VEGF. CONCLUSIONS These findings are the first evidence that hyperglycaemia alters the structure of the vasa vasorum. Such microvascular changes directly correlate, and may contribute to, the development and progression of atherosclerosis in hyperglycaemic ApoE-deficient mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Veerman
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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Almeida DO, Tortelly R, Nascimento ER, Chagas MA, Khan MI, Pereira VLA. Avian infectious bronchitis and deep pectoral myopathy - a case control study. Poult Sci 2013; 91:3052-6. [PMID: 23155012 PMCID: PMC7194598 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2012-02476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious bronchitis is caused by a coronavirus, infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). Infectious bronchitis is an acute and highly contagious disease of economic importance due to the reduction in weight gain observed with infected broilers and the drop in egg quality and production associated with infected laying hens. The presence of deep pectoral myopathy has been associated with IBV variants. This lesion is detected at slaughterhouses and is characterized by paleness and atrophy of the deep pectoral muscle, including necrosis of the region, leading to condemnations of the breast muscle, a valuable meat cut in the market. This work aimed to study the relationship between deep pectoral myopathy and IBV by describing tracheal and muscle lesions and comparing the frequency of IBV detection via reverse-transcription (RT) PCR in muscle, tracheal, and cecal tonsil samples from broilers with and without myopathy. A case-control study was conducted in 40 broiler flocks vaccinated with the Massachusetts strain. The case group consisted of 23 flocks that presented myopathic lesions under sanitary inspection and a control group of 17 flocks without myopathic lesions. The tracheal, cecal tonsil, and supracoracoid muscle (with and without lesions) samples from the 40 broiler flocks were screened by RT-PCR to detect IBV. Histopathology of muscle and tracheal tissue was carried out. Upon microscopic examination, the muscle samples from the case group presented extensive necrosis, intense mononuclear inflammatory infiltration, muscle fiber fragmentation, and fibrotic tissue, confirming myopathy, whereas muscles from the control group showed no alterations. The tracheal samples presented a large number of infiltrated mononuclear inflammatory cells that in some areas formed submucosal nodules. A total of 25 flocks tested IBV positive by RT-PCR: 14 from the case group and 11 from the control group. The IBV was detected by RT-PCR directly in muscle samples. Despite that, the relationship between deep pectoral myopathy and IBV was not established. The higher positive IBV RT-PCR percentage noted in the cecal tonsil samples demonstrates how important the choice of organs is for diagnostic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D O Almeida
- Department of Public Health and Veterinary Collective Health, Fluminenese Federal University, Niterói, 24220331, Brazil.
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Memon ZA, Khan MI, Soofi S, Muhammad S, Bhutta ZA. A cross sectional survey of newborn care practices in rural Sindh, Pakistan: implications for research and policy. J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2013; 6:137-144. [PMID: 24246516 DOI: 10.3233/npm-1366712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Of annual four million neonatal deaths, majority in the developing world, approximately three-quarters die within the first week of life. Pakistan has one of the highest newborn mortality rates. STUDY DESIGN We conducted a cross sectional study to assess knowledge, attitudes and practices of women of reproductive age in rural Pakistan. RESULTS Of 1490 mothers interviewed, prevalence of newborn care practices ranged between 32% (early bathing of newborn) and 69% (use of traditional cord applications). Uptake of antenatal care services was identified as a strong predictor of good newborn care after controlling for skilled birth attendance, socio-economic status, age of mother and sex of infant (OR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.00-1.57). CONCLUSIONS The association of uptake of antenatal care services with good newborn care highlights the necessity to improve coverage of services with the integration of counseling about newborn care in order to reduce the burden of neonatal morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z A Memon
- Maternal and Newborn Health Programme-Research and Advocacy Fund, Islamabad, Pakistan Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
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Khan MI, Ajmal M, Micheal S, Azam M, Hussain A, Shahzad A, Venselaar H, Bokhari H, de Wijs IJ, Hoefsloot LH, Waheed NK, Collin RWJ, den Hollander AI, Qamar R, Cremers FPM. Homozygosity mapping identifies genetic defects in four consanguineous families with retinal dystrophy from Pakistan. Clin Genet 2012; 84:290-3. [PMID: 23134348 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Jesmin S, Jahan S, Khan MI, Sultana N, Jerin J, Habib SH, Paul D. The Incidence, Predisposing Factors, Complications and Outcome of Preeclampsia in Diabetic Pregnancy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.3329/birdem.v1i1.12379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Preeclampsia is a serious complication of pregnancy and common cause of fetal and maternal morbidity as well as mortality worldwide. In diabetic women, the chance of preeclampsia is increased. The incidence of preeclampsia in diabetic pregnancy is approximately 10 to 15 percent, which is associated with poor glycaemic control. Aim: This study was carried out to find the predisposing factors related to preeclampsia and determine the complications of preeclampsia in diabetic pregnancy and also the impact of preeclampsia in infants born to diabetic mothers. Methods: This prospective study was carried out at the Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM), Dhaka. The Patient population consisted of 80 diabetic pregnant women who attended or admitted to BIRDEM hospital during the study period. The women were divided into groups: 50 pregnant diabetic women with preeclampsia were taken as case. 30 pregnant diabetic women without preeclampsia were taken as control. Diagnosis of preeclampsia was made on the basis of the criteria of the Committee on Terminology of the American College of Obstetrician and Gynecologist. Results: Preterm delivery (<37 weeks gestation) was higher among study group (64%) compared to control (33.3%) women. Term delivery was 36.0 vs 66.7 percent among case and control women, respectively. The distribution is statistically significant (P<0.01). 35 percent of Caesarean section was done due to fetal distress in the study group and in control group it was 20 percent. In study group, 22.5 percent Caesarean sections were done due to impending eclampsia and eclampsia, 705 percent due to accidental haemorrhage and 5 percent due to IUGR. Maternal complication in study and control subjects. In the case group, maximum number of the women (16%) showed signs of impending eclampsia, while among control women, maximum number (10%) developed postpartum haemorrhage (PPH). 48 percent neonates were of low birth weight and in controls it was 13.3 percent. Both hyperbilirubinaemia (40%) and hypoglycaemia (30%) were more in study group than controls (16.66% and 20%, respectively). Perinatal outcome among study group and controls. Neonatal survival was 82.0 percent in study group and 86.7 percent in control group. Comparison of Perinatal outcome between the groups is not statistically significant. Most of the perinatal mortality was due to prematurity (8%) and intrauterine death (6%). In control group, most of the perinatal deaths were due to congenital anomalies (6.6%). Conclusion: The higher incidence among study group may be, in part, the result of more preterm birth or shortened gestational duration because early delivery is a consequence of preeclampsia. The higher rate in associated with preeclampsia was due to increased incidence of IUD and prematurity. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/birdem.v1i1.12379 Birdem Med J 2011; 1(1): 10-14
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