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Ahmed MZ, Alqahtani AS. Cell surface expression of Ribophorin I, an endoplasmic reticulum protein, over different cell types. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130278. [PMID: 38373565 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Ribophorin-1 serves as one of the subunits of the oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) complex located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Until now, RPN-1 was considered an ER protein. However, our findings reveal that a minor fraction of RPN-1 escapes from the lumen of the ER and is ectopically expressed on the surface of different cell lines. The precise mechanism of protein translocation is unknown. The expression of RPN-1 was demonstrated through the isolation of membrane proteins using surface biotinylation and sucrose density gradient techniques. The confirmation of RPN-1 was obtained through surface staining using a specific antibody, revealing its expression on various cell lines. Additionally, we examined the expression of RPN-1 in different populations of PBMCs and observed a differential regulation of RPN-1 within PBMC subpopulations. Notably, there was a significant expression of RPN-1 on monocytes and B cells, but there was little to no population of T cells expressing RPN-1. We confirmed the expression of RPN-1 on THP-1, U937, and Jurkat cells. We also confirmed their surface expression through si-RNA knockdown. Our study shows RPN-1 expression on various cell surfaces, suggesting varied regulation among cell types. In the future, we may uncover its roles in immune function, signaling, and differentiation/proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Z Ahmed
- King Saud University College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ali S Alqahtani
- King Saud University College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Hossain MAA, Islam T, Joy MTR, Kowser Z, Ahmed MZ, Rehman MT, AlAjmi MF, Mahbub S, Goni MA, Hoque MA, Kabir SE. Interaction between gastric enzyme pepsin and tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide in presence of sodium electrolytes: Exploration of micellization behavior. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127478. [PMID: 37866567 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Pepsin is a proteolytic enzyme used in the treatment of digestive disorders. In this study, we investigated the physicochemical properties of the tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TTAB) and pepsin protein mixture in various sodium salt media within a temperature range of 300.55-320.55 K with 5 K intervals. The conductometric study of the TTAB+pepsin mixture revealed a reduction in the critical micelle concentration (CMC) in electrolyte media. The micellization of TTAB was delayed in the presence of pepsin. The CMC of the TTAB + pepsin mixture was found to depend on the concentrations of electrolytes and protein, as well as the temperature variations. The aggregation of the TTAB+pepsin mixture was hindered as a function of [pepsin] and increasing temperatures, while micellization was promoted in aqueous electrolyte solutions. The negative free energy changes (∆Gm0) indicated the spontaneous aggregation of the TTAB+pepsin mixture. Changes in enthalpy, entropy, molar heat capacities, transfer properties, and enthalpy-entropy compensation variables were calculated and illustrated rationally. The interaction forces between TTAB and pepsin protein in the experimental solvents were primarily hydrophobic and electrostatic (ion-dipole) in nature. An analysis of molecular docking revealed hydrophobic interactions as the main stabilizing forces in the TTAB-pepsin complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Al Amin Hossain
- Department of Chemistry, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Tamanna Islam
- Department of Chemistry, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Md Tuhinur R Joy
- Department of Chemistry, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh.
| | - Zannatul Kowser
- Department of Chemistry, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Z Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Md Tabish Rehman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed F AlAjmi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shamim Mahbub
- Nuclear Safety, Security & Safeguards Division, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Regulatory Authority, Agargaon, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abdul Goni
- Department of Biological and Physical Sciences, South Carolina State University, Orangeburg, SC 29117, USA
| | - Md Anamul Hoque
- Department of Chemistry, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Shariff E Kabir
- Department of Chemistry, Jagannath University, Dhaka 1100, Bangladesh
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Nasr FA, Noman OM, Al-zharani M, Ahmed MZ, Qamar W, Rizwan Ahamad S, Al Mishari AA, Aleissa MS, Rudayni HA, Alqahtani AS. Chemical profile, antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic activities of essential oils of Pulicaria arabica against A549 lung cancer cell line. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101879. [PMID: 38192283 PMCID: PMC10772242 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulicaria arabica has been traditionally utilized in folk medicine for various purposes such as ulcer treatments as well as antidiarrheal agent. Herein, the chemical profiles of Pulicaria arabica essential oils (PAEOs) and the in vitro antiproliferative effect of PAEOs were investigated. Hydrodistillation was employed to prepare PAEOs which were then characterized by GC/MS, while the antiproliferative effects were investigated by MTT assay as well as flow cytometric and RT-PCR analysis. Sixty-four (99.99 %) constituents were recognized from PAEOs. Carvotanacetone (36.97 %), (-)-carvomenthone (27.20 %) and benzene, 2-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1,4-dimethoxy- (6.92 %) were the main components. PAEOs displayed IC50 values ranging from 30 to 50 μg/mL. DNA content analysis revealed that A549 cells exposed to PAEOs exhibited an increase in G1 cells population. The flow cytometry analysis results also showed that the PAEOs antiproliferative effect was mediated via apoptosis induction. Furthermore, a modulation in the pro-apoptotic markers (caspase-3 and Bax) and anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) was also observed. In conclusion, PAEOs exhibited a moderate anti-proliferative effect on A549 cells through modulating the cell cycle progression and apoptosis initiation. These findings could offer a potential therapeutic use of PAEOs in lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahd A. Nasr
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar M. Noman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Al-zharani
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Z. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wajhul Qamar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Rizwan Ahamad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A. Al Mishari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S. Aleissa
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A. Rudayni
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S. Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Abdulghani HM, Marwa K, Alghamdi NA, Almasoud RN, Faraj AT, Alshuraimi AF, Mohamed KM, Alnafisah OS, Ahmad T, Ahmed MZ, Khalil MS. Prevalence of the medical student syndrome among health professions students and its effects on their academic performance. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35594. [PMID: 37904450 PMCID: PMC10615420 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Medical student syndrome (MSS) is health-related anxiety while studying a specific disease that leads to stress and anxiety. The study aims to determine the prevalence of MSS among health professions students to identify its effect on the student academic performance and to recognize the awareness of MSS among health professions students. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study where 544 students from King Saud University health colleges were included and filled in a self-reported designed questionnaire. We used validated scale of short health anxiety inventory closed-ended items to measure the prevalence of MSS. All statistical analyses were performed using the statistical package for social sciences statistical software package. The results showed that 8.5% of the health colleges students were affected by MSS. The students with the medical syndrome had higher levels of anxiety (anxiety-odd ratio [OR] = 1.3, P = .35; anxiety-OR = 1.57, P = .27) and hypochondriac issues (hypochondria-OR = 2.93, P = .03; hypochondria-OR = 2.61, P = .14) than other students. Concerning to MSS negative consequences, students who experienced medical syndrome most of the time and always were 1.43 and 1.45 times more likely to experience anxiety. As a result of the medical syndrome, students with a grade point average decrease of <0.20 are 3.37 times more likely to develop a hypochondriac problem than students with no grade point average decrease (OR = 3.37; P = .04). Third-year students reported more anxiety and hypochondria symptoms than other-year students. In conclusion, MSS is a growing problem in health colleges. This study showed that, academic performance was affected for the students who have MSS. The prevention of this phenomenon may be greatly enhanced by reassurance and discussions about this syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Khaldoun Marwa
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Almaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Osama Saleh Alnafisah
- Family Medicine Consultant, National Guard Affairs, Primary Health Care, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tauseef Ahmad
- Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Z. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Salah Khalil
- Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Ramalingam G, Jayaraman S, Khan JM, Ahmed MZ, Ahmad A, Manickan E, Rajagopal P. Exploring recombinant secretory proteins from Mycobacterium tuberculosis to develop a serological platform for tuberculosis diagnosis. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 249:126769. [PMID: 37678677 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
The lack of a sensitive diagnostic tool for tuberculosis (TB) is the main reason for increasing cause of death in many developing countries. The routine diagnostic tests are either time-consuming or equivocal in terms of results. Hence, there is a need for quicker and accurate diagnostic tests. Certain studies have documented the usage of proteins secreted by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in developing a sensitive tool for diagnosing TB. The study aimed to employ PPE41, MPT53, LPQH, CFP10, ESAT6 and TB18.5 proteins and analyze their usage as early diagnostic markers. The proteins were cloned, expressed, purified and applied in ELISA platforms in separate as well as combined systems to assess their early diagnostic features. The results of our study revealed that a cocktail of all six antigen combinations was identified in the maximum number of TB cases. Thus, proteins such as PPE41, MPT53, LPQH, CFP10, ESAT6, and TB18.5 incorporated detection tools could be optimized for an improvised early detection of MTB infections. Moreover, the results suggested that 95.7 % of the MTB-positive serum samples reacted with all the selected antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, while the control serum samples did not react with those antigens. The hexavalent antigen system yielded a novel ELISA platform for better diagnosing MTB infections. Our study yielded a novel technology to diagnose TB, which warrants testing in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopinath Ramalingam
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai 600113, India
| | - Selvaraj Jayaraman
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Javed Masood Khan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Z Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anis Ahmad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Miller School of Medicine, Sylvester Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Elanchezhiyan Manickan
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai 600113, India
| | - Ponnulakshmi Rajagopal
- Department of Central Research Laboratory, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospitals, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Deemed to be University, Chennai 600 095, India.
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Revathi R, Akash R, Mahadevi R, Sengottuvelu S, Mohanraj P, Vijayakumar N, Krishnamoorthy R, Ahmed MZ, Kazmi S, Kavitha R. Phytochemical characterization, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of crude extracts of Anisomeles malabarica and Coldenia procumbens. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2023; 86:614-631. [PMID: 37395392 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2023.2231484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the phytochemical profile, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of crude aqueous leaf extracts of Anisomeles malabarica and Coldenia procumbens. The predominant components present in these crude extracts of test plants identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis in both plant extracts were phytochemicals including flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and phenols. The antibacterial activity of crude extracts of these plants against bacterial pathogens including Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Shigella sp., Salmonella paratyphi A and B, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas sp. Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus were examined. Data demonstrated that the extracts of A. malabarica and C. procumbens exhibited significant antibacterial activity against B.subtilis and P.vulgaris at the concentration of 50 mg/ml. A. malabarica aqueous extract displayed significant antioxidant activity on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazl (DPPH), fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) free radicals at the concentration of 90 mg/ml. The antioxidant activity was significantly higher with A. malabarica than extract of C. procumbens. Evidence indicates that both plant extracts may possess significant pharmaceutical potential as antibacterial and antioxidant agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramalingam Revathi
- Department of Biotechnology, Periyar University Centre for Post Graduate and Research Studies, Dharmapuri, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Akash
- Department of Biotechnology, Periyar University Centre for Post Graduate and Research Studies, Dharmapuri, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramasamy Mahadevi
- Department of Biotechnology, Periyar University Centre for Post Graduate and Research Studies, Dharmapuri, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Palanisamy Mohanraj
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Nandha College of Pharmacy, Erode, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Natesan Vijayakumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajapandiyan Krishnamoorthy
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Z Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shadab Kazmi
- Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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Senthilnathan S, Jayaraman S, Priya Veeraraghavan V, Masood Khan J, Ahmed MZ, Ahmad A, Gnanamani A. HPTLC and GC-MS finger-printing of two potential multifunctional siddha tailams: Mathan and maha megarajanga tailam. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103700. [PMID: 37333677 PMCID: PMC10276281 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The Siddha system of medicine is an ancient medical lineage that is practiced primarily in the southern part of India. Siddha system of medicine has been in practice for thousands of years with documented evidence dating back to the 6th century BCE. According to siddha system of medicine's basic fundamental principle, the human body is made up of 96 thathuvam (primary components), which encompass physical, physiological, psychological, and intellectual aspects. Medicine (marunthu) is classified as a wide range of internal and external medicines. The major components of its medical formulations include plant parts, minerals and animal products. Various methods were carried out for the purification process to eliminate the toxins. Choornam, Guligai, Tailam, Parpam, Chendooram, Kattu, Pasai and Poochu are the most common medicines used in Siddha system of medicine for the treatment of various diseases. The pathophysiological classification of diseases is elaborated in detail in the classical Siddha literature. Siddha system of medicine plays an important role in protecting people from diseases such as COVID-19 by providing immune-protecting and immune-boosting medicines in today's world. Mathan tailam and maha megarajanga tailam are the two unique preparations used widely for various skin diseases including chronic wounds and burns. Scientific validation of both medicines will help in understanding their effectiveness against a typical wound condition. In the present study physio-chemical and phytochemical, HPTLC, and GC-MS analyses were carried out and discussed in detail on the multifunctional properties exhibited in the patient communities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Selvaraj Jayaraman
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Javed Masood Khan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Z. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anis Ahmad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Miller School of Medicine/Sylvester Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Arumugam Gnanamani
- Microbiology Laboratory, CSIR- Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600020, India
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Akash S, Hossain A, Hossain MS, Rahman MM, Ahmed MZ, Ali N, Valis M, Kuca K, Sharma R. Corrigendum: Anti-viral drug discovery against monkeypox and smallpox infection by natural curcumin derivatives: a computational drug design approach. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1217334. [PMID: 37360525 PMCID: PMC10289217 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1217334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1157627.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Shopnil Akash
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Science, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Arafat Hossain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Sarowar Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Science, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Mominur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Science, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Z. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nemat Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Martin Valis
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Charles University and University Hospital in Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czechia
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czechia
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Fantoukh OI, Al-Hamoud GA, Nasr FA, Almarfadi OM, Hawwal MF, Ali Z, Alobaid WA, Binawad A, Alrashidi M, Alasmari F, Ahmed MZ, Noman OM. Revisiting the Flora of Saudi Arabia: Phytochemical and Biological Investigation of the Endangered Plant Species Euphorbia saudiarabica. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040556. [PMID: 37110214 PMCID: PMC10144502 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Euphorbia plants have a significant place in traditional medicine due to their numerous therapeutic properties, including their anti-tumor effects, which have been observed in several species. In the current study, a phytochemical investigation of Euphorbia saudiarabica methanolic extract led to the isolation and characterization of four secondary metabolites from the chloroform (CHCl3) and ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fractions, which are reported for the first time in this species. One of the constituents, saudiarabicain F (2), is a rare C-19 oxidized ingol-type diterpenoid that has not been previously reported. The structures of these compounds were determined by extensive spectroscopic (HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR) analyses. The anticancer properties of the E. saudiarabica crude extract, its fractions and its isolated compounds were examined against several cancer cells. The active fractions were evaluated for their effects on cell-cycle progression and apoptosis induction using flow cytometry. Furthermore, RT-PCR was employed to estimate the gene-expression levels of the apoptosis-related genes. It was demonstrated that the E. saudiarabica CHCl3 and EtOAc fractions suppressed the proliferation of the cancer cells. The MCF-7 cells were the most sensitive to both fractions, with IC50 values of 22.6 and 23.2 µg/mL, respectively. Notably, both fractions caused cell-cycle arrest in the G2/M phase of the treated MCF-7 cells. The inhibition of the MCF-7 cells' proliferation was also linked with apoptosis induction by flow-cytometry analysis. Additionally, the activation of apoptosis by both fractions was demonstrated by an increase in the ratio of Bax to Bcl-2, with an increase in the expression of caspase-7. Among the isolated compounds, glutinol (1) showed potent activity against the MCF-7 cell line, with an IC50 value of 9.83 µg/mL. Our findings suggest that E. saudiarabica has apoptosis-inducing effects and shows promise as a potential source of new chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer I Fantoukh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gadah A Al-Hamoud
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahd A Nasr
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omer M Almarfadi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed F Hawwal
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zulfiqar Ali
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA
| | - Waleed A Alobaid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Binawad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Menwer Alrashidi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fawaz Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Z Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar M Noman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Nagesh MR, Vijayakumar N, Anandan R, Renuka M, Amalan V, Kavitha R, Arulmani SRB, Ahmed MZ, Alqahtani AS, Nasr FA, Alqahtani AM, Noman OM, Al-Mishari AA. Cytotoxic and genotoxic properties of silver nanoparticles synthesized by ethanolic extract of Salacia chinensis. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 233:123506. [PMID: 36739054 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, in vitro and in vivo methods were used to evaluate the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity properties of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) made from a crude ethanolic extract of Salacia chinensis. The test Ag-NPs had no cytotoxicity on the fibroblast cell line at a concentration of 100 μg/mL, according to the MTT assay results. The Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line treated with varied concentrations of test Ag-NPs, with a maximum concentration of 200 μg/mL, did not exhibit any appreciable genotoxic activity, either by comparing the results with positive controls of genotoxicity caused by Methyl methane sulfonate and Benzo (a) pyrene at the concentration of 20 μg/mL, the lack of genotoxicity was established. An in vivo study in Swiss albino mice using various concentrations (250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg) of test Ag-NPs, which were compared with positive controls, further confirmed this in vitro result pattern. Contrary to the genotoxicity caused by the positive control, mouse bone marrow micronucleus testing findings revealed the absence of genotoxicity. These findings imply that at the measured doses, the Ag-NPs produced from the crude ethanolic extract of Salacia chinensis do not exhibit any cytotoxicity or genotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuranthakam Reddi Nagesh
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Natesan Vijayakumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608002, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Ramaswamy Anandan
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mani Renuka
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioscience, Periyar University, Salem 636011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Venkatesan Amalan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Kavitha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioscience, Periyar University, Salem 636011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Samuel Raj Babu Arulmani
- University of Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)\, Campus deBeaulieu, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Mohammad Z Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahd A Nasr
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz M Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar M Noman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Al-Mishari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Kazi M, Khan MF, Nasr FA, Ahmed MZ, Alqahtani AS, Ali MM, Aldughaim MS. Development of Curcumin and Piperine-Loaded Bio-Active Self-Nanoemulsifying Drugs and Investigation of Their Bioactivity in Zebrafish Embryos and Human Hematological Cancer Cell Lines. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:1793-1808. [PMID: 37051315 PMCID: PMC10084868 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s400330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Curcumin (CUR) and piperine (PP) are bioactive compounds with prominent pharmacological activities that have been investigated for the treatment of various diseases. The aim of the present study is to develop Bio-SNEDDS for CUR and PP as a combined delivery system for cancer therapy. Methods CUR and PP loaded Bio-SNEDDSs with varying compositions of bioactive lipid oils, surfactants, and cosolvents were prepared at room temperature. Bio-SNEDDSs were characterized using a Zetasizer Nano particle size analyzer and further examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for morphology. The in vivo toxicity of the preparations of Bio-SNEDDS was investigated in wild-type zebrafish embryos and cytotoxicity in THP-1 (human leukemia monocytic cells), Jurkat (human T lymphocyte cells) and HUVEC (non-cancerous normal) cells. Results Bio-SNEDDSs were successfully developed with black seed oil, Imwitor 988, Transcutol P and Cremophor RH40 at a ratio of 20/20/10/50 (%w/w). The droplet size, polydispersity index and zeta potential of the optimized Bio-SNEDDS were found to be 42.13 nm, 0.59, and -19.30 mV, respectively. Bio-SNEDDS showed a spherical structure evident by TEM analysis. The results showed that Bio-SNEDDS did not induce toxicity in zebrafish embryos at concentrations between 0.40 and 30.00 μg/mL. In TG (fli1: EGFP) embryos treated with Bio-SNEDDS, there was no change in the blood vessel structure. The O-dianisidine staining of Bio-SNEDDS treated embryos at 48 h post-fertilization also showed a significant reduction in the number of blood cells compared to mock (DMSO 0.1% V/V) treated embryos. Bio-SNEDDS induced significant levels of cytotoxicity in the hematological cell lines THP-1 and Jurkat, while low toxicity in normal HUVEC cell lines was observed with IC50 values of 18.63±0.23 μg/mL, 26.03 ± 1.5 μg/mL and 17.52 ± 0.22 μg/mL, respectively. Conclusion Bio-SNEDDS exhibited enhanced anticancer activity and could thus be an important new pharmaceutical formulation to treat leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsin Kazi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Mohsin Kazi; Mohammed S Aldughaim, Email ;
| | - Muhammad Farooq Khan
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahd A Nasr
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Z Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Meser M Ali
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Mohammed S Aldughaim
- Research Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh Second Health Cluster, Riyadh, 11525, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Noman O, Nasr FA, Ahmed MZ, Rehman MT, Qamar W, Alqahtani AS, Guenther S. Assessment of the Anticancer Effect of Chlorojanerin Isolated from Centaurothamnus maximus on A549 Lung Cancer Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073061. [PMID: 37049823 PMCID: PMC10096195 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of this study was to assess the anticancer efficacy of chlorojanerin against various cancer cells. The effects of chlorojanerin on cell cytotoxicity, cell cycle arrest, and cell apoptosis were examined using MTT assay, propidium iodide staining, and FITC Annexin V assay. RT-PCR was employed to determine the expression levels of apoptosis-related genes. Furthermore, docking simulations were utilized to further elucidate the binding preferences of chlorojanerin with Bcl-2. According to MTT assay, chlorojanerin inhibited the proliferation of all tested cells in a dose-dependent manner with a promising effect against A549 lung cancer cells with an IC50 of 10 µM. Cell growth inhibition by chlorojanerin was linked with G2/M phase cell cycle arrest in A549 treated cells. Flow cytometry analysis indicated that the proliferation inhibition effect of chlorojanerin was associated with apoptosis induction in A549 cells. Remarkably, chlorojanerin altered the expression of many genes involved in apoptosis initiation. Moreover, we determined that chlorojanerin fit into the active site of Bcl-2 according to the molecular docking study. Collectively, our results demonstrate that chlorojanerin mediated an anticancer effect involving cell cycle arrest and apoptotic cell death and, therefore, could potentially serve as a therapeutic agent in lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Noman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
- Correspondence: (O.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Fahd A. Nasr
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Z. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Tabish Rehman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wajhul Qamar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S. Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sebastian Guenther
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
- Correspondence: (O.M.); (S.G.)
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Akash S, Hossain A, Hossain MS, Rahman MM, Ahmed MZ, Ali N, Valis M, Kuca K, Sharma R. Anti-viral drug discovery against monkeypox and smallpox infection by natural curcumin derivatives: A Computational drug design approach. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1157627. [PMID: 37033493 PMCID: PMC10073709 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1157627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In the last couple of years, viral infections have been leading the globe, considered one of the most widespread and extremely damaging health problems and one of the leading causes of mortality in the modern period. Although several viral infections are discovered, such as SARS CoV-2, Langya Henipavirus, there have only been a limited number of discoveries of possible antiviral drug, and vaccine that have even received authorization for the protection of human health. Recently, another virial infection is infecting worldwide (Monkeypox, and Smallpox), which concerns pharmacists, biochemists, doctors, and healthcare providers about another epidemic. Also, currently no specific treatment is available against Monkeypox. This research gap encouraged us to develop a new molecule to fight against monkeypox and smallpox disease. So, firstly, fifty different curcumin derivatives were collected from natural sources, which are available in the PubChem database, to determine antiviral capabilities against Monkeypox and Smallpox. Material and method Preliminarily, the molecular docking experiment of fifty different curcumin derivatives were conducted, and the majority of the substances produced the expected binding affinities. Then, twelve curcumin derivatives were picked up for further analysis based on the maximum docking score. After that, the density functional theory (DFT) was used to determine chemical characterizations such as the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO), softness, and hardness, etc. Results The mentioned derivatives demonstrated docking scores greater than 6.80 kcal/mol, and the most significant binding affinity was at -8.90 kcal/mol, even though 12 molecules had higher binding scores (-8.00 kcal/mol to -8.9 kcal/mol), and better than the standard medications. The molecular dynamic simulation is described by root mean square deviation (RMSD) and root-mean-square fluctuation (RMSF), demonstrating that all the compounds might be stable in the physiological system. Conclusion In conclusion, each derivative of curcumin has outstanding absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) characteristics. Hence, we recommended the aforementioned curcumin derivatives as potential antiviral agents for the treatment of Monkeypox and Smallpox virus, and more in vivo investigations are warranted to substantiate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shopnil Akash
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Science, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Arafat Hossain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Sarowar Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Science, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Mominur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Science, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Z. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nemat Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Martin Valis
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Charles University and University Hospital in Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czechia
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czechia
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
- *Correspondence: Rohit Sharma,
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14
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Durairaj AB, Sivagnanam A, Monikam RA, Krishnamoorthy R, Ahmed MZ, Alqahtani AS, Mydeen PK. Deregulation of apoptotic proteins by induction of Dendropthae falcata (L.f.) Ettingsh plant extract in breast cancer cells: A proteome-wide analysis. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2023; 26:1202-1211. [PMID: 37736508 PMCID: PMC10510485 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2023.71125.15450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Objectives The present study evaluated the protein-based analysis to unravel the role and mechanism behind the Dendropthae falcata plant extract treatment in breast cancer cells. Materials and Methods The protein sample was extracted from the cancer cells after treatment with the plant extract and subjected to two-dimensional electrophoresis for protein separation. Further, the proteins that were differentially regulated among the samples which were treated and non-treated were selected and processed further for protein identification using a tandem mass spectrometry approach. Results Using these strategies, we identified 16 potential candidates which were showing remarkable changes in treated samples. All the candidates were analyzed further for gene ontology analysis, and it was observed that all proteins were involved in multiple pathways pertaining to the carcinogenesis process. Specifically, apoptotic pathway proteins including BAD, BIK, BID, CASP8, MCL1, BCL2, and BAK1 were highly impacted by treatment with D. falcata plant extract. All these protein hits were further taken for validation experiments using RT PCR analysis. Conclusion Initiation of these apoptotic proteins by D. falcata plant extract treatment in breast cancer cells shows a positive direction toward nature-based alternative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alwin Beschi Durairaj
- Department of Botany & Research Center, Scott Christian College, Nagercoil – 629003, Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Abishekapatti, Tirunelveli – 627012, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ananthi Sivagnanam
- Department of Proteomics, Clinbiocare Technology, Tenkasi – 627 814, Tamil Nadu, India
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Reginald Appavoo Monikam
- Department of Botany & Research Center, Scott Christian College, Nagercoil – 629003, Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Abishekapatti, Tirunelveli – 627012, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajapandiyan Krishnamoorthy
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Z. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S. Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ponnani Kaja Mydeen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
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15
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Naik S, Deora N, Pal SK, Ahmed MZ, Alqahtani AS, Shukla PK, Venkatraman K, Kumar S. Purification, biochemical characterization, and DPP-IV and α-amylase inhibitory activity of Berberine from Cardiospermum halicacabum. J Mol Recognit 2022; 35:e2983. [PMID: 35852019 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) has spread across the globe, increasing the risk of obesity, cardiovascular disease, and other comorbidities. Despite substantial research into the development of diabetic treatments that are effective in lowering blood glucose levels, their efficiency is short-lived due to unpleasant side effects such as weight gain and hypoglycemia. The discovery of secondary metabolites in the prevention and treatment of diabetes and its complications has an incentive to take interest in plant-based medications, and enzyme inhibitors have the potential to aid in the treatment and management of DM. This study aims to isolate, characterize, and analyse the influence of berberine-like alkaloids from alcoholic Cardiospermum halicacabum extract in vitro and in silico, as a possible inhibitor of Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) and α-amylase, two essential enzymes involved in diabetes. The alkaloid from C. halicacabum was identified as berberine, with an m/z of 336.1263. Purified berberine inhibits DPP-IV with an IC50 of 16.328 ± 1.344 μM and inhibits α-amylase by 72% at 10 μg/mL. In-silico studies demonstrated that berberine was found to bind to the active site of both DPP-IV and α-amylase. The precise mechanism underlying the observation has to be researched further in order to investigate C. halicacabum's anti-diabetic effects and argue for its possible application as alternative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Naik
- Centre for Bio-Separation Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Neha Deora
- Centre for Bio-Separation Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Sudhir Kumar Pal
- Centre for Bio-Separation Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Mohammad Z Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, King Saud University College of Pharmacy, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, King Saud University College of Pharmacy, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prakash Kumar Shukla
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Krishnan Venkatraman
- Centre for Bio-Separation Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Sanjit Kumar
- Centre for Bio-Separation Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
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16
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Orfali R, Perveen S, Peng J, Alqahtani AS, Nasr FA, Ahmed MZ, Luciano P, Chianese G, Al-Taweel AM, Taglialatela-Scafati O. Penicillactonin and preaustinoid C, lactone-containing metabolites from a hot spring sediment Penicillium sp. Fitoterapia 2022; 163:105330. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2022.105330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Zia Q, Rehman MT, Hashmi MA, Siddiqui S, Bin Dukhyil A, Ahmed MZ, Jamal A, Banawas S, Almalki SG, Owais M, Aldhafeeri HQ, Ibrahim IM, Alturaiki W, AlAjmi MF, Alsieni M, Alqurashi YE. Effect of Date Palm ( Phoenix dactylifera) Phytochemicals on Aβ 1-40 Amyloid Formation: An in-silico Analysis. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:915122. [PMID: 35958986 PMCID: PMC9359633 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.915122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease and the most prevalent form of dementia. The generation of oxygen free radicals and oxidative damage is believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of AD. It has been suggested that date palm, a plant rich in phenolic compounds and flavonoids, can provide an alternative treatment to fight memory loss and cognitive dysfunction due to its potent antioxidant activity. Thus, we studied the effect of flavonoids present in date palm on Aβ1-40 amyloid formation using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation. AutoDock. Myricetin was used as a positive control drug. The flavonoids Diosmetin, Luteolin, and Rutin were found to be potent inhibitors of aggregation (docking energies ≤ -8.05 kcal mol-1) targeting Aβ1-40 fibrils (both 2LMO and 6TI5), simultaneously. Further screening by physicochemical properties and drug-likeness analysis suggested that all flavonoids except Rutin followed Lipinski's rule of five. Rutin was, thus, taken as a negative control (due to its violation of Lipinski's rule) to compare its dynamics with Diosmetin. Diosmetin exhibited the highest positive scores for drug likeness. Since Luteolin exhibited moderate drug-likeness and better absorption properties, it was also included in molecular dynamics simulation. Molecular dynamics of shortlisted compounds (Rutin, Diosmetin, and Luteolin) were performed for 200 ns, and the results were analyzed by monitoring root mean square deviations (RMSD), root mean square fluctuation (RMSF) analysis, the radius of gyration (Rg), and solvent accessible surface area (SASA). The results proved the formation of a stable protein-compound complex. Based on binding energies and non-bonded interactions, Rutin and Luteolin emerged as better lead molecules than Diosmetin. However, high MW (610.5), lowest absorption rate (16.04%), and more than one violation of Lipinski's rule make Rutin a less likely candidate as an anti-amyloidogenic agent. Moreover, among non-violators of Lipinski's rule, Diosmetin exhibited a greater absorption rate than Luteolin as well as the highest positive scores for drug-likeness. Thus, we can conclude that Diosmetin and Luteolin may serve as a scaffold for the design of better inhibitors with higher affinities toward the target proteins. However, these results warrant in-vitro and in-vivo validation before practical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qamar Zia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
- Health and Basic Sciences Research Center, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Tabish Rehman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Amiruddin Hashmi
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Sahabjada Siddiqui
- Department of Biotechnology, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, India
| | - Abdulaziz Bin Dukhyil
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Z. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azfar Jamal
- Health and Basic Sciences Research Center, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology, College of Science Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Banawas
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
- Health and Basic Sciences Research Center, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Sami G. Almalki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Owais
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Hamad Qasem Aldhafeeri
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim M. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael Alturaiki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed F. AlAjmi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alsieni
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yaser E. Alqurashi
- Department of Biology, College of Science Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
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Khan JM, Malik A, Ahmed MZ, Ahmed A. SDS modulates amyloid fibril formation and conformational change in succinyl-ConA at low pH. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2022; 267:120494. [PMID: 34689006 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is homologous to the cellular membrane lipids, and is known to stimulate amyloid fibrillation in several proteins. However, the mechanism by which SDS influences aggregation and structural changes in succinylated protein has not been determined. In this study, we observed the effects of variable SDS concentrations on succinyl-ConA aggregation at pH 3.5 and proposed a possible mechanism of SDS-induced succinyl-ConA aggregation. We used several biophysical techniques to identify the changes caused by SDS. Our results suggest that SDS stimulates succinyl-ConA aggregation in a concentration-dependent manner. From turbidity measurements, it was evident that a very low concentration (<0.1 mM) of SDS did not induce succinyl-ConA aggregation and proteins remained soluble. However, aggregations were observed at 0.1-2.5 mM SDS, which then dissipated at SDS concentrations above 2.5 mM. Far-UV CD results suggest that the β-sheet secondary structure of succinyl-ConA transformed into the cross-β-sheet structure in the presence of aggregating SDS concentrations. Notably, at SDS concentrations above 2.5 mM, the succinyl-ConA β-sheet transformed into an α-helical structure. The SDS-induced succinyl-ConA amyloid-like aggregates were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We propose that SDS modulates amyloid fibrillation in succinyl-ConA due to electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions and succinylation affects SDS-induced succinyl-ConA aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javed Masood Khan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ajamaluddin Malik
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Z Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anwar Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Ariful Haque M, Khalid Bin Islam M, Mahbub S, Masood Khan J, Hossian J, Anamul Hoque M, Halim MA, Majibur Rahman M, Ahmad A, Ahmed MZ. Impact of ethanol and NaCl on the acid yellow dye mediated self-aggregation of sodium dodecyl sulfate: A combined investigation by conductivity and molecular dynamics simulation. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Alqahtani AS, Ghorab MM, Nasr FA, Ahmed MZ, Al-Mishari AA, Attia SM. Novel sulphonamide-bearing methoxyquinazolinone derivatives as anticancer and apoptosis inducers: synthesis, biological evaluation and in silico studies. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 37:86-99. [PMID: 34894963 PMCID: PMC8667930 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1983807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We synthesised a new series of sulphonamide-bearing quinazolinone derivatives 5-18 and evaluated their in vitro cytotoxicity in various cancer cell lines (A549, HepG-2, LoVo and MCF-7) and in normal human cells (HUVEC). Compounds 6 and 10 exhibited the higher activity against all the cancer cell lines compared with 5-flourourcil as positive control. The ability of the most promising compounds 6 and 10 to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in breast cancer (MCF-7) cells was evaluated by flow cytometry. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were used to evaluate the expression of apoptosis-related markers. We found that the 2-tolylthioacetamide derivative 6 and the 3-ethyl phenyl thioacetamide derivative 10 exhibited cytotoxic activity comparable to that of 5-fluorouracil as reference drug in MCF-7 and LoVo colon cancer cells. Cell cycle analysis showed a concentration-dependent accumulation of cells in the sub-G1 phase upon treatment with both compounds. The Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide assay showed that the compounds 6 and 10 increased the early and late apoptosis cell death modes in a dose-dependent manner. These compounds downregulated the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), while increasing that of p53, Bcl-2-like protein 4, and caspase-7, at the mRNA and protein levels. Molecular docking of compounds 6 and 10 with Bcl-2 predicted them to show moderate − high binding affinity (6: −7.5 kcal/mol, 10: −7.9 kcal/mol) and interactions with key central substrate cavity residues. Overall, compounds 6 and 10 were found to be promising anticancer and apoptosis-inducing agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali S Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mostafa M Ghorab
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fahd A Nasr
- Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Z Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Al-Mishari
- Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabry M Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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21
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Hoque MA, Mahbub S, Khan JM, R. Joy MT, Khan MA, Kumar D, Ahmad A, Ahmed MZ. Assembly behaviour and thermodynamics of the mixture of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and bovine serum albumin in aqueous and aqua-ethylene glycol mixed solvents media at several temperatures. Mol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2021.2011455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Anamul Hoque
- Department of Chemistry, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Bangladesh
| | - Shamim Mahbub
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Gono Bishwabidyalay, Savar, Bangladesh
| | - Javed Masood Khan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md. Tuhinur R. Joy
- Department of Chemistry, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | | | - Dileep Kumar
- Division of Computational Physics, Institute for Computational Science, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Anis Ahmad
- Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Mohammad Z. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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22
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Chowdhury ZI, Khan JM, Rana S, Mahbub S, Hossain MF, Rahman MM, Irfan M, Ahmed MZ, Hoque MA, Anwar SKJ. Influences of alcohol/polyols on interaction of moxifloxacin hydrochloride through cetyltrimethylammonium bromide at numerous temperatures and compositions. Mol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2021.1955990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Javed Masood Khan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahed Rana
- Department of Chemistry, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shamim Mahbub
- Department of Chemistry & Physics, Gono Bishwabidyalay, Savar, Dhaka-1344, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Farhad Hossain
- Department of Plant Pathology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | | | - Mohammad Irfan
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Mohammad Z. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md. Anamul Hoque
- Department of Chemistry, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - SK Jahir Anwar
- Department of Chemistry, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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23
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Ali R, Tabrez S, Akand SK, Rahman F, Husein A, Arish M, Alqahtani AS, Ahmed MZ, Husain M, Rub A. Sesamol Induces Apoptosis-Like Cell Death in Leishmania donovani. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:749420. [PMID: 34778106 PMCID: PMC8581470 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.749420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani (L. donovani), is the most severe form of leishmaniasis. It is largely responsible for significant morbidity and mortality in tropical and subtropical countries. Currently, available therapeutics have lots of limitations including high-cost, adverse side-effects, painful route of administration, less efficacy, and resistance. Therefore, it is time to search for cheap and effective antileishmanial agents. In the present work, we evaluated the antileishmanial potential of sesamol against promastigotes as well as intracellular amastigotes. Further, we tried to work out its mechanism of antileishmanial action on parasites through different assays. Methodology In vitro and ex vivo antileishmanial assays were performed to evaluate the antileishmanial potential of sesamol on L. donovani. Cytotoxicity was determined by MTT assay on human THP-1-derived macrophages. Sesamol-induced morphological and ultrastructural changes were determined by electron microscopy. H2DCFDA staining, JC-1dye staining, and MitoSOX red staining were performed for reactive oxygen assay (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential, and mitochondrial superoxide, respectively. Annexin V/PI staining for apoptosis, TUNEL assay, and DNA laddering for studying sesamol-induced DNA fragmentation were performed. Conclusions Sesamol inhibited the growth and proliferation of L. donovani promastigotes in a dose-dependent manner. It also reduced the intracellular parasite load without causing significant toxicity on host-macrophages. Overall, it showed antileishmanial effects through induction of ROS, mitochondrial dysfunction, DNA fragmentation, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis-like cell death to parasites. Our results suggested the possible use of sesamol for the treatment of leishmaniasis after further in vivo validations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahat Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India
| | - Shams Tabrez
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India
| | - Sajjadul Kadir Akand
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India
| | - Fazlur Rahman
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India
| | - Atahar Husein
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Arish
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Ali S Alqahtani
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Z Ahmed
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Husain
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India
| | - Abdur Rub
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India
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24
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Hoque MA, Rahman MM, Mahbub S, Hossain M, Khan MA, Amin MR, Alqahtani AS, Ahmed MZ, Alqahtani MS, Almarfadi OM. Spectroscopic and cloud point studies of the interaction and thermodynamics of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride+surfactants mixture in different solvents: Effect of temperature and composition. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-021-0786-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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25
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Adil SF, Shaik MR, Nasr FA, Alqahtani AS, Ahmed MZ, Qamar W, Kuniyil M, Almutairi A, Alwarthan A, Siddiqui MR, Hatshan MR, Khan M. Enhanced Apoptosis by Functionalized Highly Reduced Graphene Oxide and Gold Nanocomposites in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells. ACS Omega 2021; 6:15147-15155. [PMID: 34151094 PMCID: PMC8210402 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c01377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Graphene nanocomposites have gained significant interest in a variety of biological applications due to their unique properties. Herein, we have studied the apoptosis-inducing ability and anticancer properties of functionalized highly reduced graphene oxide (HRG) and gold nanoparticles (Au NPs)-based nanocomposites (AP-HRG-Au). Samples were prepared under facile conditions via simple stirring and ultrasonication. All the samples were tested for their anticancer properties against different human cancer cell lines including lung (A549), liver (HepG2), and breast (MCF-7) cancer cells using doxorubicin as a positive control. In order to enhance the solubility and bioavailability of the sample, HRG was functionalized with 1-aminopyrene (1-AP) as a stabilizing ligand. The ligand also facilitated the homogeneous growth of Au NPs on the surface of HRG by offering chemically specific binding sites. The synthesis of nanocomposites and the surface functionalization of HRG were confirmed by UV-Vis, powder X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The structure and morphology of the as-prepared nanocomposites were established by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Because of the functionalization, the AP-HRG-Au nanocomposite exhibited enhanced physical stability and high dispersibility. A comparative anticancer study of pristine HRG, nonfunctionalized HRG-Au, and 1-AP-functionalized AP-HRG-Au nanocomposites revealed the enhanced apoptosis ability of functionalized nanocomposites compared to the nonfunctionalized sample, whereas the pristine HRG did not show any anticancer ability against all tested cell lines. Both HRG-Au and AP-HRG-Au have induced a concentration-dependent reduction in cell viability in all tested cell lines after 48 h of exposure, with a significantly higher response in MCF-7 cells compared to the remaining cells. Therefore, MCF-7 cells were selected to perform detailed investigations using apoptosis assay, cell cycle analysis, and reactive oxygen species measurements. These results suggest that AP-HRG-Au induces enhanced apoptosis in human breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Farooq Adil
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud
University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Rafi Shaik
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud
University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahd A. Nasr
- Medicinal,
Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S. Alqahtani
- Medicinal,
Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King
Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Z. Ahmed
- Medicinal,
Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King
Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wajhul Qamar
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mufsir Kuniyil
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud
University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adibah Almutairi
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud
University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Alwarthan
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud
University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Rafiq
H. Siddiqui
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud
University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Rafe Hatshan
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud
University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mujeeb Khan
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud
University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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26
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Ahmed MZ, Zia Q, Haque A, Alqahtani AS, Almarfadi OM, Banawas S, Alqahtani MS, Ameta KL, Haque S. Aminoglycosides as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease: an in silico drug repurposing study on FDA-approved antiviral and anti-infection agents. J Infect Public Health 2021; 14:611-619. [PMID: 33866129 PMCID: PMC7871101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2021.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergence and spread of SARS-CoV-2 throughout the world has created an enormous socioeconomic impact. Although there are several promising drug candidates in clinical trials, none is available clinically. Thus, the drug repurposing approach may help to overcome the current pandemic. METHODS The main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for cleaving nascent polypeptide chains. Here, FDA-approved antiviral and anti-infection drugs were screened by high-throughput virtual screening (HTVS) followed by re-docking with standard-precision (SP) and extra-precision (XP) molecular docking. The most potent drug's binding was further validated by free energy calculations (Prime/MM-GBSA) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. RESULTS Out of 1397 potential drugs, 157 showed considerable affinity toward Mpro. After HTVS, SP, and XP molecular docking, four high-affinity lead drugs (Iodixanol, Amikacin, Troxerutin, and Rutin) with docking energies -10.629 to -11.776kcal/mol range were identified. Among them, Amikacin exhibited the lowest Prime/MM-GBSA energy (-73.800kcal/mol). It led us to evaluate other aminoglycosides (Neomycin, Paramomycin, Gentamycin, Streptomycin, and Tobramycin) against Mpro. All aminoglycosides were bound to the substrate-binding site of Mpro and interacted with crucial residues. Altogether, Amikacin was found to be the most potent inhibitor of Mpro. MD simulations of the Amikacin-Mpro complex suggested the formation of a complex stabilized by hydrogen bonds, salt bridges, and van der Waals interactions. CONCLUSION Aminoglycosides may serve as a scaffold to design potent drug molecules against COVID-19. However, further validation by in vitro and in vivo studies is required before using aminoglycosides as an anti-COVID-19 agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Z Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Qamar Zia
- Health and Basic Science Research Centre, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anzarul Haque
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin AbdulAziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar M Almarfadi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Banawas
- Health and Basic Science Research Centre, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Keshav L Ameta
- Department of Chemistry, School of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Mody University of Science and Technology, Lakshmangarh, Rajasthan 332311, India
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
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Ali N, AlAsmari AF, Imam F, Ahmed MZ, Alqahtani F, Alharbi M, AlSwayyed M, AlAsmari F, Alasmari M, Alshammari A, Fantoukh OI, Alanazi MM. Protective effect of diosmin against doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:4375-4383. [PMID: 34354422 PMCID: PMC8324953 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dox induces kidney damage. Dox leads to a decrease in antioxidant defense mechanism. Diosmin administration restores antioxidant properties.
Doxorubicin (Dox) is an anthracycline antibiotic that is primarily used for treating various solid tumors including that of pulmonary, ovary, breast, uterine, cervix, and several blood cancers. However, nephrotoxicity associated with Dox treatment limits its clinical use. Administration of Dox in combination with compounds exhibiting antioxidant properties are being used to minimize the side effects of Dox. Diosmin is a flavonoid glycoside with numerous beneficial properties that is found in the pericarp of many citrus fruits. Diosmin has demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects in response to various insults, although the exact mechanism remains unknown. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the effect of diosmin in preventing kidney damage in response to Dox treatment. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, Dox group (20 mg/kg, i.p.), Dox plus low-dose diosmin group (100 mg/kg orally), and Dox plus high-dose diosmin group (200 mg/kg orally). A single intraperitoneal injection of Dox resulted in kidney damage as evidenced by significant alterations in kidney markers, histological abnormalities, and the attenuation of antioxidant defense mechanisms (GSH, SOD, and CAT). Moreover, Dox treatment significantly altered the expression of oxidative stress, inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic protein markers. Diosmin pretreatment alleviated Dox-induced nephrotoxicity by ameliorating the antioxidant mechanism, decreasing inflammation and apoptosis, and restoring kidney architecture. In conclusion, our results indicate that diosmin is a promising therapeutic agent for the prevention of nephrotoxicity associated with DOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nemat Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding author at: Dept. of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Building 23, second floor, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdullah F. AlAsmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Imam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Z. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faleh Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Metab Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed AlSwayyed
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fawaz AlAsmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Alshammari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omer I. Fantoukh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M. Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Hoque MA, Mahbub S, Hossain MD, Khan MA, Khan JM, Malik A, Ahmed A, Ahmed MZ. Influence of NaCl and temperature on the interaction between cephradine monohydrate and surfactants: Conductivity and UV–visible measurements. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Rahman F, Tabrez S, Ali R, Alqahtani AS, Ahmed MZ, Rub A. Molecular docking analysis of rutin reveals possible inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 vital proteins. J Tradit Complement Med 2021; 11:173-179. [PMID: 33520682 PMCID: PMC7825826 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2021.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM COVID-19 emerged by the end of 2019 in Wuhan, China. It spreaded and became a public health emergency all over the world by mid of April 2020. Flavonoids are specialized metabolites that have antimicrobial properties including anti-viral activity. Rutin, a medicinally important flavonoid belongs to one of the best natural antioxidant classes. It has antiprotozoal, antibacterial, and antiviral properties. Keeping the antimicrobial potential of rutin in mind, we studied its role in the inhibition of essential proteins of SARS-CoV-2 including main protease (Mpro), RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), papain-like protease (PLpro), and spike (S)-protein through different in silico approaches. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE Molecular docking, inhibition constant, hydrogen bond calculations, and ADMET-properties prediction were performed using different softwares. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Molecular docking study showed significant binding of rutin with Mpro, RdRp, PLpro, and S-proteins of SARS-CoV-2. Out of these four proteins, Mpro exhibited the strongest binding affinity with the least binding energy (-8.9 kcal/mol) and stabilized through hydrogen bonds with bond lengths ranging from 1.18 Å to 3.17 Å as well as hydrophobic interactions. The predicted ADMET and bioactivity showed its optimal solubility, non-toxic, and non-carcinogenic properties. The values of the predicted inhibitory constant of the rutin with SARS-CoV-2 vital proteins ranged between 5.66 μM and 6.54 μM which suggested its promising drug candidature. This study suggested rutin alone or in combination as a dietary supplement may be used to fight against COVID-19 after detailed in vitro and in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazlur Rahman
- Infection and Immunity Lab (414), Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Shams Tabrez
- Infection and Immunity Lab (414), Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Rahat Ali
- Infection and Immunity Lab (414), Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Ali S. Alqahtani
- King Saud University College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Z. Ahmed
- King Saud University College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdur Rub
- Infection and Immunity Lab (414), Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, 110025, India
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Khan JM, Sen P, Malik A, Rehman MT, AlAjmi MF, Ahmed A, Alghamdi OHA, Ahmad A, Ahmed MZ, Khan RH, Anwer MK. Industrially important enzyme bovine liver catalase forms amyloid in the presence of 14-4-14 Gemini surfactant at physiological pH. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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31
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Chandra A, Gurjar V, Ahmed MZ, Alqahtani AS, Qamar I, Singh N. Exploring potential inhibitor of SARS-CoV2 replicase from FDA approved drugs using insilico drug discovery methods. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2021; 40:5507-5514. [PMID: 33491573 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1871416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2 (SARS-CoV2) is responsible for fetal pneumonia called COVID19. SARS-CoV2 emerged in Wuhan, Hubei Province of China in December 2019. The COVID19 pandemic has now gripped the entire world with more than 70 million cases and over 1.5 million deaths so far. There no treatment option for COVID19 is in term of a drug or vaccine is currently available. Therefore drug repurposing may only provide a quick method for utilizing existing drugs for a therapeutic option. The virus genome contains several non-structural proteins (NSP) which serve as target for designing of antiviral agents. NSP9 of SARS-CoV2 encodes for a replicase enzyme which is essential for the virus replication in the host cell. In search of potent inhibitors, we have screened FDA approved drugs against NSP9 using in silico methods. Five drugs fluspirilene, troglitazone, alvesco, dihydroergotoxine and avodart were found to have highest affinities with the replicase. The molecular dynamics simulation (MDS) studies demonstrated strong drugs binding and stable NSP9-drugs complexes formation. The findings are also strongly supported by root-mean-square deviation, root-mean-square fluctuation, radius of gyration, and hydrogen bond analysis of the complexes. Principal component analysis showed the stable conformation of NSP9 upon drug binding. It could be inferred that these five drugs individually or in combinations may be used as potential inhibitors of NSP9 of SARS-CoV-2 after exploring their in vivo antiviral potential.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshuman Chandra
- School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Vaishali Gurjar
- School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Mohammad Z Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, King Saud University College of Pharmacy, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, King Saud University College of Pharmacy, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imteyaz Qamar
- School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Nagendra Singh
- School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, India
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Hemlata, Bhat MA, Kumar V, Ahmed MZ, Alqahtani AS, Alqahtani MS, Jan AT, Rahman S, Tiwari A. Screening of natural compounds for identification of novel inhibitors against β-lactamase CTX-M-152 reported among Kluyvera georgiana isolates: An in vitro and in silico study. Microb Pathog 2020; 150:104688. [PMID: 33307120 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance due to the expression of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) by bacterial pathogens is an alarming health concern with huge socio-economic burden. Here, 102 bacterial isolates from Wastewater treatment plants (WTPs) were screened for resistance to different antibiotics. Kirby-Bauer method and phenotypic disc confirmatory test confirmed the prevalence of 20 ESBLs. Polymerase chain reaction-based detection confirmed 11 blaCTX-M positive bacterial isolates. Genotyping of bacterial isolates by 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed the dissemination of blaCTX-M in Escherichia fergusonii, Escherichia coli, Shigella sp., Kluyvera georgiana and Enterobacter sp. Amongst Kluyvera georgiana isolates, two were harboring blaCTX-M-152. The 3D model of CTX-M-152 protein was generated using SwissProt and characterized by Ramachandran plot and SAVES. A library of natural compounds was screened to identify novel CTX-M-152 inhibitor(s). High-throughput virtual screening (HTVS), standard precision (SP) and extra precision (XP) docking led to the identification of five natural compounds (Naringin dihydrochalcone, Salvianolic acid B, Inositol, Guanosine and Ellagic acid) capable of binding to active site of CTX-M-152. Futher, characterization by MM-GBSA (Molecular Mechanism General Born Surface Area), and ADMET (Adsorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion and Toxicity) showed that Ellagic acid was the most potent inhibitor of CTX-M-152. Molecular dynamics simulation also confirmed that Ellagic acid form a stable complex with CTX-M-152. The ability of Ellagic acid to inhibit growth of bacteria harboring CTX-M-152 was confirmed by MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration; broth dilution method) and Zone of Inhibition (ZOI) studies with respect to Cefotaxime. The identification of a novel inhibitor of CTX-M-152 from a natural source holds promise for employment in the control of bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemlata
- Center for Research Studies, Noida International University, Gautam Budh Nagar, India
| | - Mujtaba Aamir Bhat
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammad Z Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arif Tasleem Jan
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, India.
| | - Safikur Rahman
- Munshi Singh College, BR Ambedkar Bihar University, Muzaffarpur, Bihar, India.
| | - Archana Tiwari
- Center for Research Studies, Noida International University, Gautam Budh Nagar, India; Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, India.
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Malik A, Almaharfi HA, Khan JM, Hisamuddin M, Alamery SF, Haq SH, Ahmed MZ. Protection of ζ-crystallin by α-crystallin under thermal stress. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 167:289-298. [PMID: 33278428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.11.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cataract is one of the major causes of blindness worldwide. Several factors including post-translational modification, thermal and solar radiations promote cataractogenesis. The camel lens proteins survive very harsh desert conditions and resist cataractogenesis. The folding and aggregation mechanism of camel lens proteins are poorly characterized. The camel lens contains three ubiquitous crystallins (α-, β-, and γ-crystallin) and a novel protein (ζ-crystallin) in large amounts. In this study, a sequence similarity search of camel α-crystallin with that of other organisms showed that the camel αB-crystallin consists of an extended N-terminal domain. Our results indicate that camel α-crystallin efficiently prevented aggregation of ζ-crystallin, with or without an obligate cofactor up to 89 °C. It performed a quick and efficient holdase function irrespective of the unfolding stage or aggregation. Camel α-crystallin exhibits approximately 20% chaperone activity between 30 and 40 °C and is completely activated above 40 °C. Camel α-crystallin underwent a single reversible thermal transition without loss of β-sheet secondary structure. Intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence and ANS binding experiments revealed two transitions which corresponded to activation of its chaperone function. In contrast to earlier studies, camel α-crystallin completely protected lens proteins during thermal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajamaluddin Malik
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hajar Ahmed Almaharfi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Javed Masood Khan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malik Hisamuddin
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Salman Freeh Alamery
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samina Hyder Haq
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Z Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
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Khan JM, Malik A, Rehman MT, AlAjmi MF, Ahmed MZ, Almutairi GO, Anwer MK, Khan RH. Cationic gemini surfactant stimulates amyloid fibril formation in bovine liver catalase at physiological pH. A biophysical study. RSC Adv 2020; 10:43751-43761. [PMID: 35519682 PMCID: PMC9058321 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07560d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Surfactant molecules stimulate amyloid fibrillation and conformational switching in proteins but the mechanisms by which they accomplish these effects are unclear. A cationic gemini surfactant, C16C4C16Br2, with two positively charged heads and two-16C hydrophobic tails induces the amyloid fibrillation of bovine liver catalase (BLC) in vitro at physiological pH. The BLC transformed into amyloid aggregates in the presence of low concentrations (2–150 μM) of C16C4C16Br2 at pH 7.4, as confirmed by the use of several biophysical techniques (Rayleigh light scattering (RLS), intrinsic fluorescence, thioflavin T fluorescence (ThT), far-UV circular dichroism, and transmission electron microscopy). The secondary structure of BLC also changed according to the concentration of C16C4C16Br2: the α-helical structure of BLC decreased in the presence of 2–100 μM of C16C4C16Br2 but at concentrations above 200 μM BLC regained a α-helical structure very similar to the native BLC. In silico molecular docking between BLC and C16C4C16Br2 suggest that the positively charged heads of the surfactant interact with Asp127 through attractive electrostatic interactions. Moreover, a Pi-cation electrostatic interaction and hydrophobic interactions also take place between the tails of the surfactant and BLC. The stability of the BLC–C16C4C16Br2 complex was confirmed by performing a molecular dynamics simulation and evaluating parameters such as root mean square deviation (RMSD), root mean square fluctuation (RMSF), radius of gyration (Rg), and solvent accessible surface area (SASA). Apart from its aggregation inducing properties, the gemini surfactant itself causes toxicity to the cancerous cell (A549): which is confirmed by MTT assay. This work delivers new insight into the effect of cationic gemini surfactants in amyloid aggregation and paves the way to the rational design of new anti-amyloidogenic agents. Surfactant molecules stimulate amyloid fibrillation and conformational switching in proteins but the mechanisms by which they accomplish these effects are unclear.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Javed Masood Khan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University 2460 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ajamaluddin Malik
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Tabish Rehman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed F AlAjmi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Z Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghada Obaid Almutairi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Khalid Anwer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Alkharj 11942 Saudi Arabia
| | - Rizwan Hasan Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh U.P. India
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Al-Shabib NA, Khan JM, Malik A, Rehman MT, AlAjmi MF, Husain FM, Ahmed MZ, Alamery SF. Molecular interactions of food additive dye quinoline yellow (Qy) with alpha-lactalbumin: Spectroscopic and computational studies. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Nasr FA, Shahat AA, Alqahtani AS, Ahmed MZ, Qamar W, Al-Mishari AA, Almoqbil AN. Centaurea bruguierana inhibits cell proliferation, causes cell cycle arrest, and induces apoptosis in human MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:6043-6051. [PMID: 32700127 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05679-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Centaurea bruguierana, of the Asteraceae family, has a long history of use in traditional medicines for the treatment of various ailments. However, the anticancer activity and underlying mechanisms have not yet been assessed. The C. bruguierana was extracted with methanol and fractionated into four different fractions. Different cancer cells and one non-cancerous were used to examine the cytotoxic effects of these fractions using MTT assay. The most potent fraction, C. bruguierana ethyl acetate fraction (CB EtOAc), was explored for its effects on cell cycle progression and apoptosis induction by Hoechst staining and annexin V-PI double staining in MCF-7 cells. The expression of apoptosis-related genes was quantified by RT-PCR. Of all fractions, CB EtOAc was found to have the strongest antiproliferative activity (IC50 = 10 μg/mL) against MCF-7 cells. The antiproliferative activity of the CB EtOAc fraction against MCF-7 was correlated with arrested of cell cycle in the G1 phase, nuclear fragmentation, and the exposure of phosphatidylserine. The induction of apoptosis by CB EtOAc in MCF-7 cells was also associated with an increase in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and higher expression of caspases. Overall, our results demonstrated that CB EtOAc showed apoptosis-inducing effects, suggesting that C. bruguierana may be a promising source for a novel chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahd A Nasr
- Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdelaaty A Shahat
- Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.,Chemistry of Medicinal Plants Dept., National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (former El Tahrirst.), Dokki, P. O. 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ali S Alqahtani
- Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Z Ahmed
- Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wajhul Qamar
- Central Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Al-Mishari
- Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz N Almoqbil
- Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Prasad K, Khatoon F, Rashid S, Ali N, AlAsmari AF, Ahmed MZ, Alqahtani AS, Alqahtani MS, Kumar V. Targeting hub genes and pathways of innate immune response in COVID-19: A network biology perspective. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:1-8. [PMID: 32599245 PMCID: PMC7319641 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The current pandemic of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by a novel virus strain, 2019-nCoV/SARS-CoV-2 have posed a serious threat to global public health and economy. It is largely unknown how the human immune system responds to this infection. A better understanding of the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 will be important to develop therapeutics against COVID-19. Here, we have used transcriptomic profile of human alveolar adenocarcinoma cells (A549) infected with SARS-CoV-2 and employed a network biology approach to generate human-virus interactome. Network topological analysis discovers 15 SARS-CoV-2 targets, which belongs to a subset of interferon (IFN) stimulated genes (ISGs). These ISGs (IFIT1, IFITM1, IRF7, ISG15, MX1, and OAS2) can be considered as potential candidates for drug targets in the treatments of COVID-19. We have identified significant interaction between ISGs and TLR3 agonists, like poly I: C, and imiquimod, and suggests that TLR3 agonists can be considered as a potential drug for drug repurposing in COVID-19. Our network centric analysis suggests that moderating the innate immune response is a valuable approach to target COVID-19. Differential gene expression analysis of SARS-CoV-2 infected transcriptome Network based Human-SRAS-CoV-2 interactome analysis Interferon (IFN) stimulated genes (ISGs) are the most important targets. TLR3 agonists, like poly I:C, and imiquimod are identified as potential drugs. Targeting the innate immune response is a valuable approach against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartikay Prasad
- Amity Institute of Neuropsychology & Neurosciences, Amity University, Noida, UP 201303, India
| | - Fatima Khatoon
- Amity Institute of Neuropsychology & Neurosciences, Amity University, Noida, UP 201303, India
| | - Summya Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy Girls Section, Prince Sattam Bin AbdulAziz University, Al kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nemat Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah F AlAsmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Z Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Amity Institute of Neuropsychology & Neurosciences, Amity University, Noida, UP 201303, India.
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Ahmed MZ, Muteeb G, Khan S, Alqahtani AS, Somvanshi P, Alqahtani MS, Ameta KL, Haque S. Identifying novel inhibitor of quorum sensing transcriptional regulator (SdiA) of Klebsiella pneumoniae through modelling, docking and molecular dynamics simulation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:3594-3604. [PMID: 32401149 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1767209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, attempts have been made to identify novel inhibitor(s) of SdiA (a homolog of LuxR transcription regulator) of Klebseilla pneumoniae using various computational techniques. 4LFU was used as a template to model the structure of SdiA. ProCheck, Verify3D, Ramachandran plot scores and ProSA-Web confirmed the good quality of the model as the root mean square deviation (RMSD) between SdiA model, and 4LFU template was estimated to be 0.21 Å. The secondary structural contents of SdiA model were predicted using PDBsum. The only binding site of SdiA was identified (area = 523.083 Å2 and volume = 351.044 Å3) using CASTp. Molecular docking at three different levels [high throughput virtual screening, standard-precision (SP) and extra-precision (XP) dockings] with increasingly stringent conditions was performed using Glide on Selleck's express pick library (L3600). A total of 61 ligands were found to bind with high affinities to the active site of SdiA. Further, the effect of solvent on protein-ligand interaction was evaluated by performing molecular mechanics-general born surface area (Prime/MM-GBSA). On the basis of Prime/MM-GBSA score, molecular dynamics simulation (50 ns) was performed on the ligand (WAY-390139-A) showing lowest binding energy to confirm the stability of protein-ligand complex. Docking energy and the corresponding binding affinity of WAY-390139-A towards SdiA were estimated to be -13.005 kcal mol-1 and 3.46 × 109 M-1, respectively. Our results confirm that WAY-390139-A binds at the autoinducer binding site of SdiA with high affinity and stability and can be further exploited as potential drug against K. pneumoniae after experimental validation.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Z Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghazala Muteeb
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saif Khan
- Department of Basic Medical and Dental Science, College of Dentistry, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pallavi Somvanshi
- Department of Biotechnology, TERI School of Advanced Studies, Plot No. 10, Institutional Area, Vasant Kunj, India
| | - Mohammed S Alqahtani
- Departmental of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Keshav Lalit Ameta
- Department of Chemistry, Mody University of Science and Technology, Lakshmangarh, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing & Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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Ali S, Ahmed MZ, Li N, Ali SAI, Wang MQ. Functional characteristics of chemosensory proteins in the sawyer beetle Monochamus alternatus Hope. Bull Entomol Res 2019; 109:34-42. [PMID: 29463326 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485318000123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The Japanese pine sawyer, Monochamus alternatus Hope (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), is a major pest of pines and it is also the key vector of the exotic pinewood nematode in China. In the present study, we cloned, expressed, and purified a chemosensory protein (CSP) in M. alternatus. We surveyed its expression in various developmental stages of male and female adult tissues and determined its binding affinities for different pine volatiles using a competitive binding fluorescence assay. A CSP known as CSP5 in M. alternatus was obtained from an antennal cDNA library and expressed in Escherichia coli. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction results indicated that the CSP5 gene was mainly expressed in male and female antennae. Competitive binding assays were performed to test the binding affinity of recombinant CSP5 to 13 odour molecules of pine volatiles. The results showed that CSP5 showed very strong binding abilities to myrcene, (+)-β-pinene, and (-)-isolongifolene, whereas the volatiles 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, p-cymene, and (+)-limonene oxide have relatively weak binding affinity at pH 5.0. Three volatiles myrcene, (+)-β-pinene, and (-)-isolongifolene may play crucial roles in CSP5 binding with ligands but this needs further study for confirmation. The sensitivity of insect to host plant volatiles can effectively be used to control and monitor the population through mass trapping as part of integrated pest management programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ali
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory,College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,People's Republic of China
| | - M Z Ahmed
- Tropical Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida,18905 SW 280th Street, Homestead, FL 33031,USA
| | - N Li
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory,College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,People's Republic of China
| | - S A I Ali
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory,College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,People's Republic of China
| | - M-Q Wang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory,College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,People's Republic of China
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Zeiri A, Ahmed MZ, Braham M, Qiu BL. Host suitability analysis of the bark beetle Scolytus amygdali (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae). Bull Entomol Res 2015; 105:434-440. [PMID: 25809539 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485315000176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Scolytus amygdali is a polyphagous insect pest that feeds on fruit trees and forest trees. Our study assessed the host preference and reproductive potential of S. amygdali on four tree species: almond (Prunus dulcis), apricot (Prunus armeniaca), peach (Prunus persica), and plum (Prunus domestica). Females of S. amygdali produced maternal galleries that were longer on peach than the other three trees, and female fecundity was highest on peach. Females with longer maternal galleries produced more eggs, indicating a positive correlation between maternal gallery length and female fertility. The under-bark development time of S. amygdali is significantly shorter on plum (45 days) and almond (56 days) than on apricot (65 days) and peach (64 days). Despite this longer development time on peach, our results still suggest that, of the four types of tree tested, peach is the most preferred host for S. amygdali.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zeiri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte,Bizerte,Tunisia
| | - M Z Ahmed
- University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Tropical Research and Education Center,18905 SW 280th Street,Homestead,FL 33031,USA
| | - M Braham
- Laboratory of Entomology, Regional Center of Research on Horticulture and Organic Agriculture,The University of Sousse,4042 Chott-Mariem,Sousse,Tunisia
| | - B-L Qiu
- Department of Entomology,South China Agricultural University,510640 Guangzhou,China
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41
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Raja NS, Ahmed MZ, Singh NN. Melioidosis: an emerging infectious disease. J Postgrad Med 2005; 51:140-5. [PMID: 16006713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases account for a third of all the deaths in the developing world. Achievements in understanding the basic microbiology, pathogenesis, host defenses and expanded epidemiology of infectious diseases have resulted in better management and reduced mortality. However, an emerging infectious disease, melioidosis, is becoming endemic in the tropical regions of the world and is spreading to non-endemic areas. This article highlights the current understanding of melioidosis including advances in diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Better understanding of melioidosis is essential, as it is life-threatening and if untreated, patients can succumb to it. Our sources include a literature review, information from international consensus meetings on melioidosis and ongoing discussions within the medical and scientific community.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Raja
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Malaya Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Abstract
By using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), we demonstrate a case of monosomy 21 to result from an unbalanced translocation involving the short arm of chromosome 5 and the long arm of chromosome 21. Our case is compared to 3 similar cases of t(5p;21q) reported recently, which were also originally diagnosed as monosomy 21. The breakpoint on chromosome 5 in these cases occurred in the p13-p15 region, whereas the breakpoint on chromosome 21 was in the q21-q22 region. Comparison of the clinical findings in these patients demonstrated great similarities. Furthermore, a strong correlation between the clinical manifestations of these patients with cridu-chat syndrome patients was also noted. We suggest that cases with unbalanced t(5p;21q) represent a distinct syndrome which can be grouped under a new category of "5p/21q deletion syndrome."
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Iqbal
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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