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Sahadat Hossain M, Shaikh MAA, Jahan SA, Mahmud M, Bin Mobarak M, Rahaman MS, Uddin MN, Ahmed S. Exploring the biomedical competency of gamma-radiation aided hydroxyapatite and its composite fabricated with nano-cellulose and chitosan. RSC Adv 2023; 13:9654-9664. [PMID: 36994085 PMCID: PMC10041542 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00476g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The well-known biomaterial Ca-hydroxyapatite (Hap) in its pristine form holds the top ranking position in the field of biomedical research and extensive investigation is continuing across the globe to enhance its competency. Hence, having the intention to introduce superior physiognomies (e.g. cytotoxicity, haemocompatibility, and bioactivity coupled with antimicrobial and antioxidant activity) in Hap, in this research work, we exposed Hap to 200 kGy γ-radiation. As a result, γ-radiated Hap exhibited extreme antimicrobial (more than 98%) and moderate (∼34%) antioxidant properties. On the other hand, cytotoxicity and haemocompatibility of γ-radiated Hap were in good agreement with the ISO 10993-5 and ISO 10993-4 standards respectively. Since, bone and joint infections as well as degenerative disorders e.g. osteoarthritis, osteomyelitis, bone injury, and spinal problems have emerged as serious issues and urge a remedial way out, application of γ-radiated Hap could be a promising solution in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sahadat Hossain
- Institute of Glass and Ceramic Research and Testing (IGCRT), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Dr Qudrat-i-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi Dhaka-1205 Bangladesh
| | - Md Aftab Ali Shaikh
- Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Dr Qudrat-i-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi Dhaka-1205 Bangladesh
| | - Shirin Akter Jahan
- Institute of Glass and Ceramic Research and Testing (IGCRT), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Dr Qudrat-i-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi Dhaka-1205 Bangladesh
| | - Monika Mahmud
- Institute of Glass and Ceramic Research and Testing (IGCRT), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Dr Qudrat-i-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi Dhaka-1205 Bangladesh
| | - Mashrafi Bin Mobarak
- Institute of Glass and Ceramic Research and Testing (IGCRT), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Dr Qudrat-i-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi Dhaka-1205 Bangladesh
| | - Md Saifur Rahaman
- Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission Dhaka 1349 Bangladesh
| | - Md Najem Uddin
- BCSIR Laboratories, Dhaka, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Dr Qudrat-i-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi Dhaka-1205 Bangladesh
| | - Samina Ahmed
- Institute of Glass and Ceramic Research and Testing (IGCRT), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Dr Qudrat-i-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi Dhaka-1205 Bangladesh
- BCSIR Laboratories, Dhaka, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Dr Qudrat-i-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi Dhaka-1205 Bangladesh
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Mahmud M, Rahman AFMM, Salem KS, Bari ML, Qiu H. Architecting Ultrathin Graphitic C 3N 4 Nanosheets Incorporated PVA/Gelatin Bionanocomposite for Potential Biomedical Application: Effect on Drug Delivery, Release Kinetics, and Antibacterial Activity. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2022; 5:5126-5139. [PMID: 36259919 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Planar (2D) nanomaterials are garnering broad recognition in diverse scientific areas because of their intrinsic features. Herein, bulk graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) was prepared from melamine, which was exfoliated to produce g-C3N4 nanosheets. The prepared g-C3N4 nanosheets were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), photo luminescence (PL) spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The stable dispersion of a g-C3N4 nanosheet was incorporated into a PVA/Gelatin matrix to explore its efficacy as a promising drug carrier. A remarkable 42% increase in tensile strength for 1% g-C3N4/PVA/Gelatin was attained compared with that of the PVA/Gelatin film. Thermal stability increased due to addition of g-C3N4 nanosheet in the PVA/Gelatin film, where the maximum thermal degradation temperature increased by 9.5 °C when the 1% nanosheet was added to the PVA/Gelatin film. Moreover, the g-C3N4 nanosheets and g-C3N4/PVA/Gelatin showed no cytotoxicity against HeLa and BHK-21 cells. To investigate the in vitro drug releasing efficacy, ciprofloxacin was incorporated into g-C3N4/PVA/Gelatin. Experimental results showed a 62% drug release within 120 min at physiological pH 7.4. The data was curve fitted by different kinetic models of drug release to understand the drug release mechanism. The experimental data was found to fit best with the Higuchi model and revealed the diffusion control mechanism of drug release. Additionally, antibacterial study confirmed the drug release potency from g-C3N4/PVA/Gelatin film on both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The above-mentioned promising findings might lead to an opportunity of using g-C3N4 as a potential drug carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Mahmud
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka1000, Bangladesh.,Institute of Glass and Ceramic Research & Testing, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka1205, Bangladesh
| | - A F M Mustafizur Rahman
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka1000, Bangladesh
| | - Khandoker Samaher Salem
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka1000, Bangladesh.,Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina27607, United States
| | - Md Latiful Bari
- Center for Advanced Research of Sciences (CARS), University of Dhaka, Dhaka1000, Bangladesh
| | - Hongdeng Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou730000, China
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Thornton JS, Grierson L, Vanstone M, Allice I, Mahmud M, Mountjoy M. A Win-Win for Sport and Exercise Medicine and Primary Care: A Qualitative Case Study of the Added Competence Model in Canada. Sports Med 2022; 52:1983-1989. [PMID: 35294749 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-022-01663-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the unique impacts of the College of Family Physicians of Canada's (CFPC) Certificate of Added Competence (CAC) in Sport and Exercise Medicine (SEM) on the delivery of comprehensive care in Canada. DESIGN Secondary analysis of qualitative interview data collected during a multiple case study of the impacts of the CAC program in Canada. SETTING Six cases purposively sampled from across Canada. Each case was bound by a collective of healthcare providers who work with a defined group of patients. PARTICIPANTS Across the cases, 48 individuals participated, including SEM and other enhanced skill family physicians, generalist family physicians, residents, specialists, and administrative staff. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Qualitative descriptions of the impacts of the SEM certificate on comprehensive care provision in Canada. RESULTS SEM certificate holders experience enhanced well-being and professional satisfaction while also benefitting comprehensive care in communities in numerous ways. That SEM certificate holders may prioritize professional interests over community healthcare needs was identified as a potential drawback. Athletes and physically active individuals have specific healthcare needs, and may constitute a significant critical mass to be considered a community unto themselves. CONCLUSIONS The SEM certificates impact healthcare positively when holders work in collaborative models that are well aligned with local community needs. Expanding the awareness of the scope of SEM and advocacy for adequate remuneration for these services have the potential to enhance SEM contributions to comprehensive family medicine in Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane S Thornton
- Canada Research Chair in Injury Prevention and Physical Activity for Health, Department of Family Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
| | - L Grierson
- Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - M Vanstone
- Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - I Allice
- Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - M Mahmud
- Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - M Mountjoy
- Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Bin Mobarak M, Hossain MS, Yeasmin Z, Mahmud M, Rahman MM, Sultana S, Masum SM, Ahmed S. Probing the photocatalytic competency of hydroxyapatite synthesized by solid state and wet chemical precipitation method. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.132142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Banerjee S, Grochot R, Shinde R, Lima J, Krebs M, Rahman R, Little M, Tunariu N, Curcean A, Badham H, Mahmud M, Turner A, Parmar M, Yap C, Minchom A, Lopez J, de Bono J, Banerji U. 725MO Phase I study of the combination of the dual RAF/MEK inhibitor VS-6766 and the FAK inhibitor defactinib: Results of efficacy in low grade serous ovarian cancer. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Hossain MS, Mahmud M, Sultana S, Bin Mobarak M, Islam MS, Ahmed S. Coupled effect of particle size of the source materials and calcination temperature on the direct synthesis of hydroxyapatite. R Soc Open Sci 2021; 8:210684. [PMID: 34527274 PMCID: PMC8424352 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.210684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We report the effect of controlled particle size (obtained by using 80, 100, 120, 140 and 200 mesh) of the source materials on the synthesis of a well-known biomaterial, hydroxyapatite (Hap). In addition to this, we have also mapped the consequence of applied temperature (700°C, 800°C and 900°C) on the crystallographic properties and phase composition of the obtained Hap. Nevertheless, although with Hap, in each case, β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) was registered as the secondary phase the ANOVA test revealed that the results of the crystallographic parameters are significantly different for the applied sintering temperature 700°C and 800°C (p < 0.05), while the data obtained for calcination temperature 800°C are not significantly different from that acquired at 900°C (p > 0.05). Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer data ensured that, irrespective of mesh size and calcination temperature, the synthesized Hap samples were of carbonated apatite with B-type substitution. Interestingly, for all cases, the % of carbonate content was below the maximum limit (8%) of theCO 3 2 - ion present in bone tissue hydroxyapatite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Sahadat Hossain
- Institute of Glass and Ceramic Research and Testing (IGCRT), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dr. Qudrat-i-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh
| | - Monika Mahmud
- Institute of Glass and Ceramic Research and Testing (IGCRT), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dr. Qudrat-i-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh
| | - Sazia Sultana
- Institute of Glass and Ceramic Research and Testing (IGCRT), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dr. Qudrat-i-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh
| | - Mashrafi Bin Mobarak
- Institute of Glass and Ceramic Research and Testing (IGCRT), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dr. Qudrat-i-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh
| | - M. Saiful Islam
- BCSIR Laboratories, Dhaka, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dr. Qudrat-i-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh
| | - Samina Ahmed
- Institute of Glass and Ceramic Research and Testing (IGCRT), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dr. Qudrat-i-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh
- BCSIR Laboratories, Dhaka, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dr. Qudrat-i-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh
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Tree A, Hall E, Ostler P, van der Voet H, Loblaw A, Chu W, Ford D, Tolan S, Jain S, Martin A, Staffurth J, Camilleri P, Kancherla K, Frew J, Brand D, Chan A, Dayes I, Brown S, Pugh J, Burnett S, Dufton A, Griffin C, Mahmud M, Naismith O, van As N, of the O. OC-0289 Comparison of side effects at 2 years in the randomised PACE-B trial (SBRT vs standard radiotherapy). Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)06839-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Omatola CA, Onoja AB, Moses E, Mahmud M, Mofolorunsho CK. Dengue in parts of the Guinea Savannah region of Nigeria and the risk of increased transmission. Int Health 2021; 13:248-252. [PMID: 32562421 PMCID: PMC8079312 DOI: 10.1093/inthealth/ihaa033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue virus (DENV) is spreading to parts of the world where it had not been previously reported. Increased international travel has led to intercontinental importation of dengue by visitors returning from countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Although dengue is well documented in the rain forest region of Nigeria, there is a dearth of information in the Guinea Savannah region, which is a major transit point for local and international visitors in the most populous nation in Africa. We provide preliminary evidence of dengue activity in the Guinea Savannah and highlight the risk factors. METHODS Blood was collected from a cross-section of 200 patients attending four hospitals in Anyigba, Kogi State. Anti-dengue antibody was identified using DENV immunoglobulin G (IgG) immunoassays. Questionnaires were used to obtain sociodemographic variables and risk factors. Data were analysed with SPSS version 16.0 for Windows. RESULTS Forty-two (20.5%) participants had anti-DENV IgG antibodies. Persons within the 45-59 y age group were more seropositive, with a rate of 35%. Males were more seropositive compared with females. Marriage, formal education, involvement in business activities and the presence of grasses around homes were associated with higher IgG seropositivity. The presence of open water containers around human dwellings and a lack of mosquito net use are predisposing factors. CONCLUSIONS This study identified past exposure to DENV among people in Anyigba, located in the Guinea Savannah region. Proper diagnosis of febrile episodes is required to improve case management and curtail off-target treatment. The high rate of previous exposure of patients to dengue indicates the need to strengthen vector control and dengue surveillance programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Omatola
- Department of Microbiology, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Kogi State, Nigeria
| | - A B Onoja
- Department of Virology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - E Moses
- Department of Microbiology, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Kogi State, Nigeria
| | - M Mahmud
- Department of Microbiology, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Kogi State, Nigeria
| | - C K Mofolorunsho
- Department of Microbiology, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Kogi State, Nigeria
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Sultana S, Hossain MS, Mahmud M, Mobarak MB, Kabir MH, Sharmin N, Ahmed S. UV-assisted synthesis of hydroxyapatite from eggshells at ambient temperature: cytotoxicity, drug delivery and bioactivity. RSC Adv 2021; 11:3686-3694. [PMID: 35424272 PMCID: PMC8694175 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09673c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite [Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2], an important biomaterial, retains a chemical structure that is similar to the mineral phase of bone. Consequently, the ability of hydroxyapatite (Hap) to augment bone growth within bone tissue has made it a potential candidate for use as a hard tissue-implant material. In this work, adopting a UV-mediated solid-state method for the first time, hydroxyapatite was synthesized from eggshells and no thermal treatment was used but ambient temperature was maintained. This simple synthesis process involved a combination of ball milling of the starting materials followed by UV-irradiation. UV-excitation of the Ca and P precursors resulted in the desired Hap and X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) and Raman spectroscopic techniques were used for characterization. The potency of UV-Hap as a biomaterial was examined via the bioactivity, cytotoxicity and the drug (ciprofloxacin) loading-releasing response, which was encouraging. The results of the cell viability assays complied an insignificant cytotoxicity and the simulated body fluid immersion test indicated the bioactivity was within the acceptable range. On the other hand, to better understanding the drug ejection and associated transport phenomenon, two kinetic models (Higuchi and Ritger-Peppas models) were used and a diffusion controlled ciprofloxacin release mechanism was observed using the Higuchi model. However, the experimental outcomes of a drug delivery response exposed UV-Hap as a favorable vehicle for drug loading and release. Hence, this research highlights the prospects of a UV-assisted synthesis method as a green route for the synthesis of Hap to be applied in biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sazia Sultana
- Institute of Glass and Ceramic Research and Testing (IGCRT), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Dr Qudrat-i-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi Dhaka-1205 Bangladesh
| | - Md Sahadat Hossain
- Institute of Glass and Ceramic Research and Testing (IGCRT), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Dr Qudrat-i-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi Dhaka-1205 Bangladesh
| | - Monika Mahmud
- Institute of Glass and Ceramic Research and Testing (IGCRT), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Dr Qudrat-i-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi Dhaka-1205 Bangladesh
| | - Mashrafi Bin Mobarak
- Institute of Glass and Ceramic Research and Testing (IGCRT), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Dr Qudrat-i-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi Dhaka-1205 Bangladesh
| | - Md Humayun Kabir
- Institute of Glass and Ceramic Research and Testing (IGCRT), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Dr Qudrat-i-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi Dhaka-1205 Bangladesh
| | - Nahid Sharmin
- Institute of Glass and Ceramic Research and Testing (IGCRT), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Dr Qudrat-i-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi Dhaka-1205 Bangladesh
| | - Samina Ahmed
- Institute of Glass and Ceramic Research and Testing (IGCRT), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Dr Qudrat-i-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi Dhaka-1205 Bangladesh
- BCSIR Laboratories, Dhaka, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Dr Qudrat-i-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi Dhaka-1205 Bangladesh +880-1817549816
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Abstract
A cholecystectomy was carried out on a 45-year-old female patient with fever, myalgia and right upper abdominal pain because of a suspected cholecystitis. Postoperatively acute kidney injury occurred. A comprehensive medical history taken later revealed a presumed occupational contact to rodents. Serological testing detected a recent infection with Dobrava-Belgrade hantavirus. The kidney function normalized with supportive therapeutic measures. Hantavirus infection should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute kidney injury combined with fever, myalgia and abdominal pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mahmud
- III. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland.
| | - C Winkelmann
- Innere Medizin, Krankenhaus Buchholz, Buchholz, Deutschland
| | - S Harendza
- III. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland
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Islam MS, Gafur MA, Mahmud AA, Mahiuddin M, Khan SA, Reza E, Rahman MS, Mahmud M, Karim MR, Hoque MM, Salam MA, Khan MH. Clinicopathological Study of Enterocutaneous Fistula in Mymensingh Medical College Hospital. Mymensingh Med J 2018; 27:513-519. [PMID: 30141440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Enterocutaneous fistulae are a major catastrophe to the patients and surgeons and it still has high incidence of morbidity and mortality and their management remains a big challenge. Enterocutaneous fistula presents the surgeon with challenges of metabolic disorders and extensive sepsis. Total management of an intestinal fistula requires skill in nutritional support, stoma therapy, elimination of sepsis, well timed and well carried out surgery. Postoperative enterocutaneous fistulae account for approximately 80% of enterocutaneous fistulae. The majority of the intestinal fistula (75-85%) is iatrogenic occurring in the postoperative period following anastomotic dehiscence. They arise following emergency abdominal surgery for intestinal obstruction, inflammatory bowel disease or cancers. Protein calorie malnutrition alters the patients immune response, inflammatory reactions and tissue regenerations, all of which are essential for wound repair. The present study is an effort to highlight the incidence of enterocutaneous fistula after emergency and elective resection and anastomosis of gut with discussion over recent trends and developments in its management and compare with other studies. Objectives of the study are to determine the various clinicopathological features and management protocol of enterocutaneous fistula. There are recent advances in nutritional support. This descriptive type of cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Surgery, Mymensingh Medical College and Hospital, Mymensingh, Bangladesh from October 2010 to September 2011. Total 42 cases of enterocutaneous fistulae were selected purposively. Enterocutaneous fistulae are more common in patients of low economic condition. Enterocutaneous fistulae are more common after emergency abdominal surgery. Spontaneous closure occurred in 17(40.48%) cases and surgery needed in 25(59.52%) cases. Of them 20(80.00%) were healed and 5(20.00%) were expired. In spite of improvement in the management protocol of enterocutaneous fistula, there is still high unacceptable morbidity and mortality rate. Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is not available and very costly, and health care facilities are also limited in our country. Patients with enterocutaneous fistula require fluid, electrolytes and nutritional support. Anaemia, dehydration, electrolytes imbalance should be corrected prior to abdominal surgery if possible. Surgical treatment for enterocutaneous fistula should be performed only after failure of conservative treatment of more than 12 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Islam
- Dr Md Shofiqul Islam, Senior Consultant (Surgery), 250 Bedded General Hospital, Tangail, Bangladesh
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Saudi ASM, Nurulshyha MY, Mahmud M, Rizman ZI. A study on air pollution concentration at Desa parkcity construction site. J Fundam and Appl Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.4314/jfas.v9i6s.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Sarijuddin FA, Saudi ASM, Kamarudin M, Isa K, Mahmud M, Azid A, Balakrishnan A, Abu I, Amin N, Rizman Z. Assement on level of indoor air quality at kindergartens in Ampang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia. J Fundam and Appl Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.4314/jfas.v9i4s.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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14
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Shafii NZ, Saudi ASM, Mahmud M, Rizman ZI. Spatial assessment on ambient air quality status: a case study in Klang, Selangor. J Fundam and Appl Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.4314/jfas.v9i4s.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Bhat A, Gan G, Khanna S, Chen H, Karthikeyan S, Mahmud M, Tan T. Management Trends of Patients With Non–Valvular Atrial Fibrillation in the Hospital Setting: Blacktown Hospital Study. Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Dudley J, Mughal F, Hotinski E, Mahmud M. Prosthodontic management of maxillofacial cases: a case series. Aust Dent J 2017; 63:124-128. [PMID: 28853144 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Maxillofacial prosthetics is an important and recognized sub-discipline of prosthodontics that forms a key component of postgraduate training programmes. General dentists have a role to play in the management of maxillofacial defect patients even though treatment usually requires a multidisciplinary approach in an institutional environment. Maxillofacial prosthetic cases frequently present with complex histories but simple patient goals. The conservatively managed implant-retained auricular prosthesis, speech aid prosthesis and orbital prosthesis cases described in this report were completed in a postgraduate clinical residency program and highlight the intrinsic complexities, challenges and ultimately satisfaction related to cases of this nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Dudley
- Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - F Mughal
- Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - E Hotinski
- Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - M Mahmud
- Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Islam M, Mahmud M, Yesmin S, Islam M, Sarker M, Nazir K. Risk Factors Assessment of Zoonotic Anthrax among the People at Risk (PAR) in Selected Areas of Bangladesh. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2017/32369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abd Aziz PNR, Md Tap AO, Mahmud M. Computer-supported cooperative work in Malaysian homestay industry. 2013 5th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for the Muslim World (ICT4M) 2013. [DOI: 10.1109/ict4m.2013.6518909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Al-Salihy Z, Rahim T, Mitchell A, Mahmud M, Muhyaldin A. Which is the optimal depression rating scale for psychiatrists? a diagnostic validity comparison of hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) and psychiatric judgement against the MINI. Eur Psychiatry 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72306-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionUstun et al estimated that depression is the fourth leading cause of global disease burden. The burden of depression on the healthcare system is equally significant with an estimated US annual cost of approximately $26 billion (1990). In a European epidemiologic study of mental disorders involving six countries, major depression was the single most common disorder assessed, with a 12-month prevalence of 3.9%.ObjectivesOur aim was to find the optimal tool with the highest accuracy in comparison to the (MINI) for depression.AimsWe aimed to find the depression rating scale with the highest accuracy when applied by psychiatrists in Iraq.MethodsWe recruited 400 subjects; The (MINI) was used as a gold standard to define the presence of major depression according to DSMIV criteria stratified into 200 patients with primary depression and 200 non-depressed subjects in Kurdistan region of Iraq. We examined the symptoms of depression using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Clinical Global Impression (CGI). Interviews were performed by three psychiatrists who were blinded to the group allocations. ROC curve analysis was used.ResultsBoth HADS and CGI performed with high accuracy compared with the MINI interview for DSMIV major depression. Clinicians using the CGI were accurate in their clinical judgement with sensitivity of 97% and specificity of 99%.ConclusionsWe found the psychiatrist's opinion alone was very accurate with higher sensitivity and specificity than the HADS and therefore it is unclear from our sample if questionnaires would help clinicians in their diagnoses.
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Razak M, Mahmud M, Mokhtar SA, Omar A. Thoracolumbar fracture--dislocation results of surgical treatment. Med J Malaysia 2000; 55 Suppl C:14-7. [PMID: 11200038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Fifteen cases of unstable fracture-dislocation of the thoracolumbar spine have been treated by open reduction, short segment transpedicular fixation and fusion in Universiti Unit, Kuala Lumpur Hospital from January 1994 until December 1997. Twelve male and three female patients were injured; their age ranged from 18 to 45 years. Five fracture-dislocations occurred in the lower thoracic spine (T8 to T11), eight at the thoracolumbar junction (T12 to L2) and two in the lumbar spine (L3 to L5). All the patients had neurological deficit. Seven patients with incomplete or cauda equina lesions regained some neural function, while all eight with complete lesions remained unchanged. Ten of the fifteen cases were grossly unstable and translated beyond 50% of the width of the spinal column. At the time of follow up (more than one year in all patients), no loss of reduction or of fixation was noted in any patient. Solid fusion was achieved in all patients. The advantages of this method of treatment include stable fixation, with maintenance of sagittal and coronal spinal alignments, to allow early rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Razak
- Department of Orthopaedic & Traumatology, Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Tenteram, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur
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Abstract
More than a million workers are at risk for methylene chloride exposure. Aerosol sprays and paint stripping may also cause significant nonoccupational exposures. After methylene chloride inhalation, significant amounts of carbon monoxide are formed in vivo as a metabolic by-product. Poisoning predominantly affects the central nervous system and results from both carboxyhemoglobin formation and direct solvent-related narcosis. In this report, we describe a case of methylene chloride intoxication probably complicated by exogenous carbon monoxide exposure. The worker's presentation of intermittent headaches was consistent with both methylene chloride intoxication and carbon monoxide poisoning. The exposures and symptoms were corroborated by elevated carboxyhemoglobin saturations and a workplace inspection that documented significant exposures to both methylene chloride and carbon monoxide. When both carbon monoxide and methylene chloride are inhaled, additional carboxyhemoglobin formation is expected. Preventive efforts should include education, air monitoring, and periodic carboxyhemoglobin determinations. Methylene chloride should never be used in enclosed or poorly ventilated areas because of the well-documented dangers of loss of consciousness and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mahmud
- Department of Environmental Health (Occupational Health Program), Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Chin CN, Hamid AR, Philip G, Ramlee T, Mahmud M, Zulkifli G, Loh CC, Zakariah MS, Norhamidah MS, Suraya Y, Roslan KA, Chandramohan P, Cheah YC, Leonard AO. A double blind comparison of zuclopenthixol acetate with haloperidol in the management of acutely disturbed schizophrenics. Med J Malaysia 1998; 53:365-71. [PMID: 10971979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and side effects of zuclopenthixol acetate compared with haloperidol in the management of the acutely disturbed schizophrenic patient. Suitable subjects diagnosed as having schizophreniform disorder or acute exacerbation of schizophrenia admitted to the psychiatric wards Hospital Kuala Lumpur were randomised to receive either zuclopenthixol acetate or haloperidol. They were rated blind for three consecutive days using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Clinical Global Impression (CGI) and UKU Side Effects Scale. Apart from repeat injections of the same medication, no other anti-psychotic was given for the duration of the study. 50 subjects entered the study of which 44 completed. 23 were given zuclopenthixol acetate and 21 haloperidol. Both groups significantly reduced BPRS and CGI scores on all 3 days compared to the initial rating (p < 0.001). There was however no difference between the zuclopenthixol acetate and haloperidol group scores on all days (p > 0.05). More subjects on haloperidol than zuclopenthixol required more than 1 injection during the study. Both groups had minimal side effects. Zuclopenthixol acetate was effective in the management of the acutely disturbed schizophrenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- C N Chin
- CMH Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur
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Islam MM, Mahmud M. Marriage patterns and some issues related to adolescent marriage in Bangladesh. Asia Pac Popul J 1996; 11:27-42. [PMID: 12320513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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Abstract
This study is concerned with contraceptive use among the currently married adolescents in Bangladesh utilizing the 1989 Bangladesh Fertility Survey (BFS) data. The study analyzes the factors affecting the current use of contraception among the adolescents through bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. The results indicate that although adolescents have almost universal knowledge about contraceptive methods, only 15 percent are currently using any method of contraception. The corresponding figures for the adults and for the nation as a whole are 34.4 percent and 31.4 percent, respectively. Among the individual methods currently used by the adolescents, the pill appears as the most popular method, followed by safe period. A substantial proportion of the adolescents were found to rely on the traditional methods of contraception. Among the socio-economic variables (as revealed by the logistic regression analysis), respondents' education, participation in the family planning decision, visit by family planning workers, region of residence, husband's occupation and possession of electricity in the household appear as the most significant factors determining the current use of contraception among the adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mahmud
- Department of Statistics, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
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Islam MM, Mahmud M. Contraception among adolescents in Bangladesh. Asia Pac Popul J 1995; 10:21-38. [PMID: 12319482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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Leroux J, Mahmud M. Flexibility of x-ray emission spectrography as adapted to microanalysis of air pollutants. J Air Pollut Control Assoc 1970; 20:402-4. [PMID: 5423349 DOI: 10.1080/00022470.1970.10469420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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