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Ali SM, Siyal HB, Sultan M. How similar are the determinants of mortality and fertility? Pak Dev Rev 2002; 32:1107-15. [PMID: 12346809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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2
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Aziz A. Proximate determinants of fertility in Pakistan. Pak Dev Rev 2002; 33:727-39. [PMID: 12346205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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3
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Zhang R, Ren L, Zhao X. The states of marriage and fertility of women born in the reign of Guangxu of the Qing: a retrospective survey of the states of marriage and fertility of 90-94-year old women in Hebei province. Chin J Popul Sci 2002; 3:1-10. [PMID: 12343677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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4
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Welti C. [The fertility of Mexican adolescents. Cultural and health problems]. Demos 2002:10. [PMID: 12158033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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5
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Ayhan HO. [Sources of non-response bias in the 1978 Turkish Fertility Survey (author's transl)]. Nufusbil Derg 2002; 2-3:104-48. [PMID: 12159451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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6
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Willems P, Wijewickrema S, Lesthaeghe R. [Fertility Trends in Belgium 1950-1980]. Popul Famille 2002; 52:115-51. [PMID: 12339143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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7
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Khan Z, Soomro GY. Estimates of birth intervals in Pakistan, with and without the WFS restrictions. Pak Dev Rev 2002; 32:269-84. [PMID: 12346295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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8
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Tabah L. New emphases in demographic research after Bucharest? Popul Bull UN 2002:1-15. [PMID: 12336549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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9
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Lee SB. [An analysis of Korean women's reproductivity]. Bogeon sahoe nonjib 2002; 14:162-87. [PMID: 12179760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
An analysis of reproductivity is mainly concerned with the measurement of net force of fertility expressed in terms of a generation rather than in a given year. The present study examined current trends of Korean Women's reproductivity interpreting general reproduction and net reproduction rates, intrinsic rate of natural increase and mean length of gestation. The data used for this analysis were drawn from the national fertility surveys from 1970 through 1990 conducted by the Korea Institute for Population and Health. The figures of the present study revealed that the reproduction rates of Korea during the last 20 years decreased from 2.22 in 1970 to 0.71 in 1990 and net reproduction rates also dropped from 1.9 to 0.69 during the same period of time. Furthermore, from this study, it is noticed that the replacement level of fertility had been reached since the early 1980s. The intrinsic rate of natural increase as measure of population growth under existing conditions of fertility and mortality and free of the influence of the current age distribution, is computed. The level of rate was not much changed and was 0.3 in 1970 compared with 0.25 in 1990, which is still higher than other developed countries. The mean age of mother at the birth of their daughters defined as the length of generation has been slightly changed from 23.9 in 1971 to 25.8 in 1990.
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10
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Welti C. [Changes in fertility]. Demos 2002:16-8. [PMID: 12158083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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11
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Caceres Urena FI, Mccracken SD. [Decline of infant and child mortality in the Dominican Republic: an exploratory investigation on changes in the structure and composition of socio-demographic determinants during the mortality transition]. Poblac Desarro 2002:125-50. [PMID: 12178317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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12
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Castro Martin T, Njogu W. A decade of change in contraceptive behaviour in Latin America: a multivariate decomposition analysis. Popul Bull UN 2002:81-109. [PMID: 12345760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
This study relies heavily on World Fertility Survey and Demographic and Health Surveys data to examine recent trends and determinants of contraceptive use in five Latin American countries: Colombia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Mexico, and Peru. These countries experienced a substantial increase in contraceptive prevalence in the inter-survey period. Within countries, however, the increase was not equally shared by all social and demographic groups. The study found that relatively disadvantaged groups experienced greater gains in contraceptive use. Despite the prevailing tendency towards convergence, wide differentials in contraceptive behavior among social sectors still persist. A decomposition analysis based on logistic regression revealed that certain shifts in the population composition--i.e., increased proportion of urban and better educated women and a growing proportion of mothers who want to discontinue child-bearing--contributed substantially to the aggregate increase in contraceptive prevalence in most countries. Structural changes, understood as changes in the relations between the explanatory variables and the likelihood of using contraception, were also found to play a significant role in contraceptive use trends, particularly in Colombia.
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Ayad M. [Tunisian Fertility Survey: organization and methodology]. Rev Tunis Etud Popul 2002; 1:131-43. [PMID: 12338275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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14
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Beets GC, De Graaf A. [Netherlands Fertility Survey, September 1977]. Maandstat Bevolking Volksgezond 2002; 28:41-60. [PMID: 12339054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
"By means of a sample survey information has been gathered on the number of live-born children, the number of additionally expected children and the exposure status of married women born in the period 1928-1961, with the Dutch nationality and living in the Netherlands. Approximately 7,000 women have been asked to participate. About those women who did/could not participate a few demographic data were gathered from the municipal population registers. This article gives some important results of the survey but does not analyse those results profoundly."
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Yan R, Chen S. A study of the mortality rate and life expectancy of the Chinese population over the last forty years. Chin J Popul Sci 2002; 3:259-75. [PMID: 12343852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
"In order to make up for the incompleteness of data in the last 40 years, this paper will try to make a preliminary study of the age-specific mortality rate and average life expectancy and its changing trends [for] the Chinese population over the last 40 years, based on the relevant data on mortality from sample surveys on fertility and birth control among Chinese women."
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16
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Dvorak J. Reproduction research (1981). Demosta 2002; 15:12-5. [PMID: 12158189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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17
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Leasure JW. The historical decline of fertility in Eastern Europe. Eur J Popul 2002; 8:47-75. [PMID: 12158997 DOI: 10.1007/bf01797121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Ayhan HO. Homogeneity in Turkish Fertility Survey: implications for cluster size derived from homogeneity in basic survey variables. Nufusbil Derg 2002; 6:99-118. [PMID: 12159460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
"This study examines several error statistics derived from the computed variance in basic survey variables of the Turkish Fertility Survey (1978). These are standard error, design factor, design effect and rate of homogeneity. [The] results are presented for the total sample as well as for subclasses. [It is demonstrated that] previous knowledge about the homogeneity and cluster size of main survey variables [will help] to design better surveys in the future. This process can be further extended for other survey variables by imputation." (summary in TUR)
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19
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Bodrova V. [Socio-demographic interests of the population during the transition to a market economy]. Vestn Statistiki 2002:13-7. [PMID: 12178748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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20
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Belova V, Bondarskaya G, Darskii L. [The dynamics and differentials of fertility in the USSR (survey results)]. Vestn Statistiki 2002:14-24. [PMID: 12178812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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21
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Zuniga Herrera E. [Fertility and contraception in the rural areas. Important changes in contraception]. Demos 2002:6-8. [PMID: 12158108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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22
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Lutz W. [How consistent are personal data? Analysis of statements on the planning status of pregnancies]. Demogr Inf 2002:109-15, 176-7. [PMID: 12339588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
The consistency of responses on the planning status of births is analyzed using data from a longitudinal fertility survey being carried out by the Demographic Institute of the Austrian Academy of Sciences. Interviews were conducted in 1978 and 1981 with a sample of two marriage cohorts; in both sets of interviews a question was asked concerning the reaction to a pregnancy at the time the woman heard about it. "After linking the data for the pregnancies leading to first or second births, a consistency index suggested by Ryder and Westoff...was applied which distinguishes between random and nonrandom consistency. For the first births a proportion of 54.4% identical answers yields a consistency index of 38.0...; for second births a proportion of 53.7% identical answers results in [a] consistency index of 30.1...." Differential consistency is also analyzed according to selected socioeconomic and demographic variables as well as a variable measuring the correspondence of husband's and wife's desired family sizes in the opinion of the husband. (summary in ENG)
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23
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Weinberger MB. Recent trends in contraceptive use. Popul Bull UN 2002:55-80. [PMID: 12345759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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24
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Breast-feeding and birth spacing. Netw Res Triangle Park N C 1988; 10:8-9. [PMID: 12342122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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25
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Belacek J. [Regional fertility differentials in the north Bohemian region]. Demografie 2002; 34:284-300. [PMID: 12343979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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26
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Ayad M. [Ideal family size in Arab countries]. Al Usrah Wa Al Umran Al Bashari 2002:23-36. [PMID: 12179478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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27
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Wohlschlagl H. [Family planning programs and birth control in the third world]. Demogr Inf 2002:17-34, 153. [PMID: 12343122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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28
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Kang X. Dynamics of abortion among married women in China and the main causes. Chin J Popul Sci 2002; 3:315-25. [PMID: 12343857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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29
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Ozcan C, Peker M. [An essay on birth and death reports (author's transl)]. Nufusbil Derg 2002; 4:41-54. [PMID: 12159452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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30
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Kangas LW. A note on the 1978 Turkish Fertility Survey: a problem defining contraceptive prevalence and consequent confusion. Nufusbil Derg 2002; 4:55-64. [PMID: 12159450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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31
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Ahmad R. Use of tape recordings in the World Fertility Survey: evidence from the Bangladesh Fertility Survey. Rural Demogr 2002; 6:27-49. [PMID: 12338351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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32
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Thapa S, Short RV, Potts M. Breast-feeding and birth spacing save lives. J Obstet Gynaecol East Cent Africa 2002; 7:51-3. [PMID: 12342408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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33
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Valdés LM. [Not Available]. Demogr Econ 2001; 14:467-80. [PMID: 11631847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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34
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Khan HT, Raeside R. The determinants of first and subsequent births in urban and rural areas of Bangladesh. Asia Pac Popul J 1998; 13:39-72. [PMID: 12321741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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35
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Toulemon L, Leridon H. Contraceptive practices and trends in France. Fam Plann Perspect 1998; 30:114-20. [PMID: 9635259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Contraceptive use has been legal in France for the past 30 years, and patterns of use changed substantially from the 1960s to the 1980s. Given the rapidity with which use patterns change and the possible impact of rising concern about infection with HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases, it is important to determine trends of contraceptive practice into the 1990s. METHODS A total of 5,900 French households were selected in 1994 for inclusion in the Fertility and Family Survey. Respondents were questioned about their contraceptive use patterns and family formation status. The results were compared with those of comparable surveys conducted in 1978 and 1988. RESULTS Two-thirds of French women used some form of reversible contraceptive method in 1994. Oral contraceptive use has grown steadily in France: About 40% of women aged 20-44 reported using the pill alone or combined with another method in 1994, compared with 34% in 1988 and 28% in 1978. Condom use has also been on the rise: Nearly 8% of women were using condoms alone or combined with another method in 1994, up from 5% in 1988 and 6% in 1978. IUD use has declined from 19% in 1988 to 16% in 1994, and both male and female sterilizations remain rare. CONCLUSIONS Contraceptive behavior in France appears unique among developed countries, with fairly high levels of oral contraceptive use--even among older women--relatively high levels of IUD use and little reliance on either male or female sterilization. As with other countries, however, condom use has climbed in recent years, and is especially common at first intercourse.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Toulemon
- Division of Demographic Surveys and Studies, Institut National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques, Paris
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36
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Wang D, Diamond I, Curtis SL. Contraceptive failure and its subsequent effects in China: a two-stage event history analysis. Asia Pac Popul J 1998; 13:45-64. [PMID: 12293919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
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37
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Heaton TB, Forste R. Education as policy: the impact of education on marriage, contraception, and fertility in Colombia, Peru, and Bolivia. Soc Biol 1998; 45:194-213. [PMID: 10085734 DOI: 10.1080/19485565.1998.9988973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Using data from the World Fertility and Demographic and Health Surveys of Colombia, Peru, and Bolivia, we model the effects of education on three demographic outcomes: the timing of first sexual union, contraceptive use, and fertility. These effects are examined over time and across geographic areas using a multivariate framework. We find substantial improvements in female educational attainment over the last fifty years and a strong relationship between education and the demographic outcomes. Each successive increment in education is associated with declines in the marriage rate, increased contraceptive use, and lower fertility. Education accounts for some of the changes over time in the demographic outcomes, but the pattern varies by outcome, time period, and geographic area. In support of the social diffusion hypothesis, our results indicate that educational differences in reproductive behavior are reduced as the level of development increases and societies pass through their demographic transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- T B Heaton
- Department of Sociology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
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38
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Pozo Avalos A. [Fertility in Imbabura, Los Rios, Carchi, Tungurahua and Manabi. Series: Provincial reports from the Demographic and Maternal-Child Health Survey, 1994. (ENDEMAIN / 94)]. Correo Poblac Salud 1997; 5:29-36. [PMID: 12178228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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39
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Pozo Avalos A. [Fertility in Loja, Bolivar, Esmeraldas, Azuay and El Oro. Series: Provincial reports from the Demographic and Maternal-Child Health Survey, 1994 (ENDEMAIN-94)]. Correo Poblac Salud 1997; 5:24-9. [PMID: 12178225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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40
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Das Dangol B, Retherford RD, Thapa S. Declining fertility in Nepal. Asia Pac Popul J 1997; 12:33-54. [PMID: 12292422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
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41
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Isiugo-abanihe UC. Fertility preferences and contraceptive practice in Nigeria. Ann Soc Sci Counc Niger 1997:1-20. [PMID: 12349586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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42
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Lee SY. Sex preference versus number preference: the case of Korea. Korea J Popul Dev 1996; 25:235-67. [PMID: 12320870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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43
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Knodel J, Ruffolo VP, Ratanalangkarn P, Wongboonsin K. Reproductive preferences and fertility trends in post-transition Thailand. Stud Fam Plann 1996; 27:307-18. [PMID: 8986029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Two large national surveys in 1988 and 1933 provide new evidence on trends in family-size preferences in Thailand at a time when the Thai fertility transition is reaching its conclusion. Although the average preferred number of children has continued to decline, a resistant lower bound of two children is found for the vast majority of respondents, stemming, apparently, from a pervasive, although not inflexible, desire to have one child of each sex. Moreover, new evidence from birth-registration data indicates that the decline in the total fertility rate appears to have leveled off at about replacement level. These findings challenge the view that fertility in Thailand will continue to fall well below replacement level, and contradict recently expressed alarmist predictions of population decline in the foreseeable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Knodel
- Population Studies Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48104, USA
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Islam MM, Mahmud M. Marriage patterns and some issues related to adolescent marriage in Bangladesh. Asia Pac Popul J 1996; 11:27-42. [PMID: 12320513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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45
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46
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Li RM, Newcomer SF. The exclusion of never-married women from Chinese fertility surveys. Stud Fam Plann 1996; 27:148-54. [PMID: 8829297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Never-married women have been regularly excluded in official national surveys of fertility in China, even in light of evidence of increasing premarital sexual activity. Likewise, never-married women in the United States were consistently excluded from national fertility surveys prior to 1982 because of the perceived sensitivity of questions about contraceptive use and sexual activities. Data on sexual and fertility behavior from all women of reproductive age, regardless of marital status, can provide direct measures of sexual activity and unintended pregnancies, as well as facilitate modeling of social networks underlying the sexual transmission of diseases. China's need for such information, however sensitive, will become more difficult to ignore given increasing pressures to attend to the health needs of their never-married but sexually active population.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Li
- Center for Population Research, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Extended breastfeeding is known to benefit the health of children in developing countries and despite widespread expectations of a decline in breastfeeding in these countries, it has been demonstrated that the incidence and duration of breastfeeding are in fact increasing many countries. METHODS In this paper, trends in breastfeeding duration are examined in 15 developing countries, using data from two comparable surveys for each country, the World Fertility Survey (conducted in the late 1970s) and the Demographic and Health Survey (conducted in the late 1980s). Multivariate regression models are used to examine differentials in breastfeeding behaviour across population subgroups in these countries for each time period, and these differentials are used to determine the extent to which the observed trends are due to changes in population characteristics and to what extent behaviour has changed within population subgroups. RESULTS Results show that changes in the characteristics of the population have almost universally pushed breastfeeding durations in the downward direction. On the other hand, trends within population subgroups have been positive in all but two of the 15 countries examined. CONCLUSIONS Changes in population characteristics can be expected to continue for most developing countries, exerting a downward pressure on breastfeeding. Policies that promote breastfeeding are needed to counter these changes, especially in the most vulnerable population subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Grummer-Strawn
- Division of Nutrition, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
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48
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Ren XS. Regional variation in infant survival in China. Soc Biol 1996; 43:1-19. [PMID: 8909107 DOI: 10.1080/19485565.1996.9988910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
From retrospective survey reports 1985-87, the study examined the determinants of neonatal and post-neonatal survival in three provinces in China. Conditional logistic regression models were employed to estimate the effects of macro- and micro-level factors (such as socioeconomic conditions, familial relationships, as well as biosocial determinants) on the survivorship of neonatal and post-neonatal infants in China. The study yielded two findings: (1) Social changes in Chinese society had a strong positive effect on neonatal and post-neonatal survivorship; and (2) the magnitude of such social changes differed across regions which, in turn, led to the differential effects on neonatal and post-neonatal survivorship across provinces in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- X S Ren
- Joint Program in Society and Health, Health Institute, New England Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Mannan HR, Islam MN. Breast-feeding in Bangladesh: patterns and impact on fertility. Asia Pac Popul J 1995; 10:23-38. [PMID: 12291530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
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50
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Abstract
This study is concerned with contraceptive use among the currently married adolescents in Bangladesh utilizing the 1989 Bangladesh Fertility Survey (BFS) data. The study analyzes the factors affecting the current use of contraception among the adolescents through bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. The results indicate that although adolescents have almost universal knowledge about contraceptive methods, only 15 percent are currently using any method of contraception. The corresponding figures for the adults and for the nation as a whole are 34.4 percent and 31.4 percent, respectively. Among the individual methods currently used by the adolescents, the pill appears as the most popular method, followed by safe period. A substantial proportion of the adolescents were found to rely on the traditional methods of contraception. Among the socio-economic variables (as revealed by the logistic regression analysis), respondents' education, participation in the family planning decision, visit by family planning workers, region of residence, husband's occupation and possession of electricity in the household appear as the most significant factors determining the current use of contraception among the adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mahmud
- Department of Statistics, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
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