1
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Bellés-Bellés A, Prim N, Mormeneo-Bayo S, Villalón-Panzano P, Valiente-Novillo M, Jover-Sáenz A, Aixalà N, Bernet A, López-González É, Prats I, García-González M. Changes in Group A Streptococcus emm Types Associated with Invasive Infections in Adults, Spain, 2023. Emerg Infect Dis 2023; 29:2390-2392. [PMID: 37877666 PMCID: PMC10617363 DOI: 10.3201/eid2911.230857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
An increase in invasive group A Streptococcus infection was detected in the northeast of Spain in November 2022. A postpandemic decline in the diversity of circulating emm types involved in invasive group A Streptococcus was observed, along with the emergence of emm49 in this geographic area.
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2
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Fresan D, Luque S, Benítez-Cano A, Sorlí L, Milagro Montero M, De-Antonio M, Prim N, Vega V, Horcajada JP, Grau S. Pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics and therapeutic drug monitoring of ceftazidime/avibactam administered by continuous infusion in patients with MDR Gram-negative bacterial infections. J Antimicrob Chemother 2023; 78:678-683. [PMID: 36626402 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkac439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of β-lactams in critically ill patients has been correlated with better clinical outcomes. Evidence on TDM of newer β-lactams such as ceftazidime/avibactam administered by continuous infusion (CI) is very limited. OBJECTIVES To describe our experience with TDM of ceftazidime/avibactam and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) target attainment in patients with MDR bacterial infections. Clinical outcomes of ceftazidime/avibactam administered by CI were also assessed. METHODS Patients treated with ceftazidime/avibactam administered by CI and undergoing TDM of ceftazidime plasma concentrations were included. Blood samples were obtained as part of the TDM program. The PK/PD therapeutic target of ceftazidime/avibactam was defined as 100%fT > 4 × MIC of the causative pathogen, and 100%fT > 10 × MIC was considered overexposure. Dose changes were made according to the TDM results. RESULTS Thirty-one patients were included. Ceftazidime/avibactam total daily doses ranged from 1 g/0.25 g to 6 g/1.5 g. Twenty-six patients (83.9%) achieved a 100%fT > 4 × MIC, 15 (48.4%) of which were overexposed (100%fT > 10 × MIC). Dose reduction was suggested in 16/28 (57.1%) patients and dose maintenance in 12/28 (42.9%). Overall clinical cure was observed in 21 (67.7%) patients, and 18 of these (85.7%) achieved a 100%fT > 4 × MIC. CONCLUSIONS Administering ceftazidime/avibactam by CI enabled the desired PK/PD target to be achieved in a large proportion of patients, even at lower doses than those recommended for a 2 h extended infusion. We suggest that the use of CI with TDM may be a useful tool for reducing initial doses, which could help to reduce antimicrobial-related adverse effects and treatment costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Fresan
- Pharmacy Department, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - S Luque
- Pharmacy Department, Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain.,Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERINFEC, ISCIII-CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Av. de Monforte de Lemos, 5, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - A Benítez-Cano
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care, Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Sorlí
- Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERINFEC, ISCIII-CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Av. de Monforte de Lemos, 5, Madrid 28029, Spain.,Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Milagro Montero
- Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERINFEC, ISCIII-CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Av. de Monforte de Lemos, 5, Madrid 28029, Spain.,Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M De-Antonio
- Pharmacy Department, Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Prim
- Microbiology Department, Laboratori de Referència de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - V Vega
- Analytical Department, Laboratori de Referència de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J P Horcajada
- Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERINFEC, ISCIII-CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Av. de Monforte de Lemos, 5, Madrid 28029, Spain.,Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Grau
- Pharmacy Department, Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain.,Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERINFEC, ISCIII-CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Av. de Monforte de Lemos, 5, Madrid 28029, Spain.,Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
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3
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Mormeneo Bayo S, Bellés Bellés A, Vázquez Gómez D, Planella de Rubinat M, Bayas Pastor DC, Morales Portillo A, Jover Sáenz A, López González É, Prim N, García-González M. Antibiotic Susceptibility and Clarithromycin Resistance Determinants in Helicobacter pylori in the Northeast of Spain: A One-Year Prospective Study. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12020356. [PMID: 36830267 PMCID: PMC9952027 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is one of the most widespread infections, and it is reaching alarming resistance levels worldwide. The recommended first-line empirical treatment differs according to the local rate of clarithromycin resistance. Macrolide resistance is mainly associated with three point mutations in the 23S rRNA gene. The aim of this study was to describe the antibiotic susceptibility of H. pylori in our healthcare area and the main mechanisms involved in clarithromycin resistance. Gastric biopsies (n = 641) were collected and cultured in a one-year prospective study. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by gradient diffusion. A multiplex real-time PCR test (AllplexTMH.pylori & ClariR Assay, Seegene) was used to detect the most frequent mutations associated with clarithromycin resistance. Overall, 141 isolates were available for antibiotic susceptibility testing. The highest resistance rates were detected in metronidazole and levofloxacin. The rate of clarithromycin resistance was 12.1%, and the associated mutations were A2143G and A2142G. More than half of the clarithromycin-resistant isolates presented high MIC values (>256 mg/L). Tetracycline resistance was not detected, suggesting that therapies that contain tetracycline could be a suitable option. The low clarithromycin resistance rate coupled with the high rates of metronidazole resistance may support the recovery of the classical triple therapy in our healthcare area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saray Mormeneo Bayo
- Unidad de Microbiología, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova de Lleida, Institut Català de la Salut, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida Fundació Dr. Pifarré, IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Alba Bellés Bellés
- Unidad de Microbiología, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova de Lleida, Institut Català de la Salut, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida Fundació Dr. Pifarré, IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-973-70-53-30
| | - Diego Vázquez Gómez
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida Fundació Dr. Pifarré, IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- Servicio de Digestivo, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Montserrat Planella de Rubinat
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida Fundació Dr. Pifarré, IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- Servicio de Digestivo, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Diana Carolina Bayas Pastor
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida Fundació Dr. Pifarré, IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- Servicio de Digestivo, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Arturo Morales Portillo
- Servicio de Farmacia, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Alfredo Jover Sáenz
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida Fundació Dr. Pifarré, IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- Unidad Territorial Infección Nosocomial (UTIN), Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Éric López González
- Unidad de Microbiología, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova de Lleida, Institut Català de la Salut, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida Fundació Dr. Pifarré, IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Núria Prim
- Unidad de Microbiología, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova de Lleida, Institut Català de la Salut, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida Fundació Dr. Pifarré, IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Mercè García-González
- Unidad de Microbiología, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova de Lleida, Institut Català de la Salut, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida Fundació Dr. Pifarré, IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
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4
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García-Arroyo L, Prim N, Del Cuerpo M, Marín P, Roig MC, Esteban M, Labeaga R, Martí N, Berengua C, Gich I, Navarro F, Rabella N. Prevalence and seasonality of viral respiratory infections in a temperate climate region: A 24-year study (1997-2020). Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2022; 16:756-766. [PMID: 35170253 PMCID: PMC9178050 DOI: 10.1111/irv.12972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Few long‐term reports have been published on the epidemiology of respiratory viruses despite their frequent involvement in extremely common infections. The aim here was to determine the frequency and distribution of respiratory viruses in a temperate climate area (Barcelona, Spain) throughout a 24‐year period. Methods We collected data on all respiratory viruses detected from 1997 to 2020 in our institution. Clinical specimens were analyzed mainly by conventional techniques, and molecular techniques were also used. Results Of the 59,579 specimens analyzed, 21,382 (35.9%) were positive for at least one virus. The number of positive samples during cold months was significantly higher than in warm months. Respiratory virus infections were detected in patients of all ages, above all in children under 3 years of age, who were most frequently infected with the respiratory syncytial virus, whereas Influenza A virus predominated in the other groups, especially in adults. A clear demographic and seasonal pattern was established for some viruses. Circulation of other respiratory viruses during the FLUAV H1N1pdm09 and SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemics was observed. Conclusions This long‐term study provides new knowledge about the prevalence of respiratory viruses in a Mediterranean region. Throughout the study period, the frequency of some viruses remained constant, whereas others varied with the year. A clear demographic and seasonal pattern was established for some viruses. Patients suffering from severe respiratory infections should be examined for a range of respiratory viruses regardless of gender, age, or season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura García-Arroyo
- Microbiology Department. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Prim
- Microbiology Department. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marga Del Cuerpo
- Microbiology Department. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Marín
- Microbiology Department. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Carme Roig
- Microbiology Department. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mnontserrat Esteban
- Microbiology Department. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Labeaga
- Microbiology Department. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Neus Martí
- Microbiology Department. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carla Berengua
- Microbiology Department. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignasi Gich
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferran Navarro
- Microbiology Department. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Rabella
- Microbiology Department. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
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5
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Montero MM, Domene-Ochoa S, López-Causapé C, Luque S, Sorlí L, Campillo N, Padilla E, Prim N, Ferrer-Alapont L, Angulo-Brunet A, Grau S, Oliver A, Horcajada JP. Impact of ceftolozane/tazobactam concentrations in continuous infusion against extensively drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in a hollow-fiber infection model. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22178. [PMID: 34773066 PMCID: PMC8589991 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01784-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T) has emerged as a potential agent for the treatment of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. As it is a time-dependent antimicrobial, prolonged infusion may help achieve pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) targets. To compare alternative steady-state concentrations (Css) of C/T in continuous infusion (CI) against three XDR P. aeruginosa ST175 isolates with C/T minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 2 to 16 mg/L in a hollow-fiber infection model (HFIM). Duplicate 10-day HFIM assays were performed to evaluate Css of C/T in CI: one compared 20 and 45 mg/L against the C/T-susceptible isolate while the other compared 45 and 80 mg/L against the two C/T-non-susceptible isolates. C/T resistance emerged when C/T-susceptible isolate was treated with C/T in CI at a Css of 20 mg/L; which showed a deletion in the gene encoding AmpC β-lactamase. The higher dosing regimen (80 mg/L) showed a slight advantage in effectiveness. The higher dosing regimen has the greatest bactericidal effect, regardless of C/T MIC. Exposure to the suboptimal Css of 20 mg/L led to the emergence of C/T resistance in the susceptible isolate. Antimicrobial regimens should be optimized through C/T levels monitoring and dose adjustments to improve clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- María M Montero
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), CEXS-Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Passeig Marítim 25-29, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Sandra Domene-Ochoa
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), CEXS-Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Passeig Marítim 25-29, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carla López-Causapé
- Servicio de Microbiología y Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Son Espases, IdISBa, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Sonia Luque
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), CEXS-Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Passeig Marítim 25-29, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Pharmacy Service, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luisa Sorlí
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), CEXS-Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Passeig Marítim 25-29, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Núria Prim
- Laboratori de Referència de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lorena Ferrer-Alapont
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), CEXS-Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Passeig Marítim 25-29, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ariadna Angulo-Brunet
- Psychology and Education Science Studies, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Santiago Grau
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), CEXS-Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Passeig Marítim 25-29, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Pharmacy Service, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Oliver
- Servicio de Microbiología y Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Son Espases, IdISBa, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Juan P Horcajada
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), CEXS-Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Passeig Marítim 25-29, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
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6
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Lucena Nemirosky J, Espelt R, López Grado E, Sobrino J, Acera A, Pérez J, Jensen JS, Sánchez-Reus F, Prim N. Macrolide resistance in Mycoplasma genitalium in Catalonia, Spain: a 1 year prospective study. J Antimicrob Chemother 2021; 76:2702-2707. [PMID: 34278431 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkab224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mycoplasma genitalium is an emergent cause of sexually transmitted disease (STD). The first-line treatment is azithromycin, but macrolide resistance is increasing due to mutations in the 23S rRNA gene. OBJECTIVES To determine the rates of M. genitalium infection and macrolide resistance in an area adjacent to Barcelona. METHODS This 1 year prospective study was performed in a heterogenous population that included both low- and high-risk patients. M. genitalium was detected in all specimens sent to our institution for STD detection. Epidemiological and relevant clinical data were collected in the positive cases. Characterization of macrolide-associated resistance was performed by 23S rDNA sequencing. RESULTS Of the 3540 patients included, 132 (3.7%) were positive for M. genitalium. Another sexually transmitted bacteria was detected in 20.4% of the M. genitalium cases, and Chlamydia trachomatis (11%) was the most frequently co-detected microorganism. Only 61.4% of patients received an adequate initial treatment against M. genitalium. The test of cure (TOC) was performed in 42% of patients, and therapeutic failure was detected in 10 cases. The rate of macrolide resistance was 12.6% and the most prevalent mutation was A2058G. There was an association between macrolide resistance and a previous history of M. genitalium detection (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our results support the contribution of the previous use of macrolides in resistant strains. Given the difficulties in performing TOC in all patients, the inclusion of macrolide resistance in the detection test should be mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lucena Nemirosky
- Laboratorio Cerba Internacional SAE, Plaça Ramon Llull, 7, 08203, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Espelt
- Institut Català de la Salut, Direcció d'Atenció Primaria Metropolitana Nord, Atenció de la Salut Sexual i Reproductiva CAP Sant Fèlix, 08203, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E López Grado
- Institut Català de la Salut, Direcció d'Atenció Primaria Metropolitana Nord, Atenció de la Salut Sexual i Reproductiva CAP Sant Fèlix, 08203, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Sobrino
- Institut Català de la Salut, Direcció d'Atenció Primaria Metropolitana Nord, Atenció de la Salut Sexual i Reproductiva CAP Sant Fèlix, 08203, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Acera
- Institut Català de la Salut, Direcció d'Atenció Primaria Metropolitana Nord, Atenció de la Salut Sexual i Reproductiva CAP II Cerdanyola - Ripollet, 08291, Ripollet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Pérez
- Catlab (Parc Logistic de Salut), 08232, Viladecavalls, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J S Jensen
- Research Unit for Reproductive Microbiology, Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, DK-2300, Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | - F Sánchez-Reus
- Servei de Microbiologia, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041, Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Universitat Autonòma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - N Prim
- Servei de Microbiologia, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041, Barcelona, Spain.,Laboratori de Referència de Catalunya, 08820, El Prat de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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7
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Ciruela P, Broner S, Izquierdo C, Pallarés R, Muñoz-Almagro C, Hernández S, Grau I, Domínguez A, Jané M, Ciruela P, Izquierdo C, Broner S, Hernández S, Jané M, Muñoz-Almagro C, Esteva C, de Sevilla M, Henares D, Pallarés R, Ardanuy C, Grau I, Marco F, Margall N, González-Cuevas A, Díaz A, Martin M, Llaberia J, Curriu M, Gallés C, Capdevila E, Gassiot P, Martínez-Zurita M, Martí C, Morta M, Sauca G, Gassós A, Sanfeliu E, Ballester F, Pujol I, Olsina M, Raga X, Gómez-Bertomeu F, Pérez-Moreno M, Vilamala A, Navarro M, Ribelles M, Garcia M, Padilla E, Prim N, Fontanals D, Sanfeliu I, Benitez M, Jou E, Sanjosé C, Giménez M, Quesada M, de la Fuente J, Calderon A, Ayala P, Vega L, Pérez-Jové J, Blanco A, Balado C, Valle I, Bastida M, Gonzalez-Moreno O, Ubanell A, Fenoll A, Yuste J. Indirect effects of paediatric conjugate vaccines on invasive pneumococcal disease in older adults. Int J Infect Dis 2019; 86:122-130. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2019.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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8
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Echeverria-Esnal D, Sorli L, Prim N, Conde-Estévez D, Mateu-De Antonio J, Martin-Ontiyuelo C, Horcajada JP, Grau S. Linezolid vs glycopeptides in the treatment of glycopeptide-susceptible Enterococcus faecium bacteraemia: A propensity score matched comparative study. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2019; 54:572-578. [PMID: 31476435 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2019.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of ampicillin-resistant Enterococcus faecium bacteraemia is increasing. Vancomycin remains the first-line treatment in areas with a high prevalence of glycopeptide-susceptible isolates, but data comparing its clinical outcomes with other treatments are lacking. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness and safety of linezolid and glycopeptides for the treatment of glycopeptide-susceptible E. faecium bloodstream infection (GSEF-BSI). METHODS This retrospective observational cohort study was conducted from January 2006 to May 2018 at the Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain, and compared the clinical outcomes and safety of linezolid and glycopeptides in adult patients with GSEF-BSI. The main outcomes included clinical cure at the end of therapy, 30-day mortality, microbiological eradication and attributable length of stay (LOS). Propensity score matching was performed to reduce potential confounders among groups. RESULTS In total, 105 patients with GSEF-BSI were included (linezolid, n=38; glycopeptides, n=67). After propensity score matched analysis, 56 (53.3%) patients, 28 in each cohort, entered the final analysis. No differences were observed in any of the main clinical outcomes among patients treated with linezolid or glycopeptides: clinical cure [16/28 (57.1%) vs 13/28 (46.4%), P=0.593], 30-day mortality [8/28 (28.6%) vs 12/28 (42.9%), P=0.403], microbiological eradication [22/28 (78.6%) vs 20/28 (71.4%), P=0.758] and median attributable LOS (18.0 vs 17.0 days, P=0.924). Adverse events were similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS Linezolid and glycopeptides showed similar clinical effectiveness and safety in the treatment of GSEF-BSI. Linezolid could be an alternative to glycopeptides in the treatment of GSEF-BSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Echeverria-Esnal
- Service of Pharmacy, Hospital del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Sorli
- Service of Infectious Diseases, Hospital del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Prim
- Service of Microbiology, Laboratori de Referència de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - D Conde-Estévez
- Service of Pharmacy, Hospital del Mar, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - J P Horcajada
- Service of Infectious Diseases, Hospital del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Grau
- Service of Pharmacy, Hospital del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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9
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Montero MM, Domene Ochoa S, López-Causapé C, VanScoy B, Luque S, Sorlí L, Campillo N, Padilla E, Prim N, Segura C, Pomar V, Rivera A, Grau S, Ambrose PG, Oliver A, Horcajada JP. Colistin plus meropenem combination is synergistic in vitro against extensively drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, including high-risk clones. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2019; 18:37-44. [PMID: 31154007 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and particularly P. aeruginosa high-risk clones, are of growing concern because treatment options are limited. For years, colistin monotherapy has been the only available treatment, but is well known that is not an optimal treatment. A combination of colistin with another antibiotic could be a possible therapeutic option. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate effective antibiotic combinations against 20 XDR P. aeruginosa isolates obtained in a Spanish multicentre study (2015). METHODS Forty-five checkerboards with six antipseudomonal antibiotics (amikacin, aztreonam, ceftazidime, meropenem, colistin, and ceftolozane/tazobactam) were performed to determine whether combinations were synergic or additive by fractional inhibitory concentration indices. On average, 15 different regimens were evaluated in duplicate against the three most prevalent high-risk clones (ST175, ST235, ST111) by time-kill analyses over 24h. The combination showing synergism in the three high-risk clones was validated in all studied XDR isolates. RESULTS In time-kill curves, the untreated control failed, as did each study regimen when administered alone. Two combinations were synergistic in the three high-risk clones that were initially studied: amikacin plus ceftazidime and colistin plus meropenem, with the second being the most effective combination. The efficacy of colistin plus meropenem was then tested in all 20 isolates. A synergistic bacterial density reduction for the duration of the study occurred in 80% of the entire XDR collection. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that colistin plus meropenem may be a useful combination for the treatment of infections due to XDR P. aeruginosa, including high-risk clones, which warrants evaluation in a clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- María M Montero
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), CEXS-Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Sandra Domene Ochoa
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), CEXS-Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carla López-Causapé
- Servicio de Microbiología y Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Son Espases, IdISBa, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Brian VanScoy
- Institute for Clinical Pharmacodynamics, Schenectady, NY, USA
| | - Sonia Luque
- Pharmacy Service, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luisa Sorlí
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), CEXS-Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Núria Prim
- Laboratori de Referència de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Virginia Pomar
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Rivera
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Santiago Grau
- Pharmacy Service, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paul G Ambrose
- Institute for Clinical Pharmacodynamics, Schenectady, NY, USA
| | - Antonio Oliver
- Servicio de Microbiología y Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Son Espases, IdISBa, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Juan P Horcajada
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), CEXS-Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona, Spain.
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10
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Russo A, Falcone M, Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez B, Calbo E, Almirante B, Viale PL, Oliver A, Ruiz-Garbajosa P, Gasch O, Gozalo M, Pitout J, Akova M, Peña C, Cisneros JM, Hernández-Torres A, Farcomeni A, Prim N, Origüen J, Bou G, Tacconelli E, Tumbarello M, Hamprecht A, Karaiskos I, de la Calle C, Pérez F, Schwaber MJ, Bermejo J, Lowman W, Hsueh PR, Mora-Rillo M, Rodriguez-Gomez J, Souli M, Bonomo RA, Paterson DL, Carmeli Y, Pascual A, Rodríguez-Baño J, Venditti M. Predictors of outcome in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock due to extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2018; 52:577-585. [PMID: 29969692 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE There are few data in the literature regarding sepsis or septic shock due to extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae (E). The aim of this study was to assess predictors of outcome in septic patients with bloodstream infection (BSI) caused by ESBL-E. METHODS Patients with severe sepsis or septic shock and BSI due to ESBL-E were selected from the INCREMENT database. The primary endpoint of the study was the evaluation of predictors of outcome after 30 days from development of severe sepsis or septic shock due to ESBL-E infection. Three cohorts were created for analysis: global, empirical-therapy and targeted-therapy cohorts. RESULTS 367 septic patients were analysed. Overall mortality was 43.9% at 30 days. Escherichia coli (62.4%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (27.2%) were the most frequent isolates. β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor (BLBLI) combinations were the most empirically used drug (43.6%), followed by carbapenems (29.4%). Empirical therapy was active in vitro in 249 (67.8%) patients, and escalation of antibiotic therapy was reported in 287 (78.2%) patients. Cox regression analysis showed that age, Charlson Comorbidity Index, McCabe classification, Pitt bacteremia score, abdominal source of infection and escalation of antibiotic therapy were independently associated with 30-day mortality. No differences in survival were reported in patients treated with BLBLI combinations or carbapenems in empirical or definitive therapy. CONCLUSIONS BSI due to ESBL-E in patients who developed severe sepsis or septic shock was associated with high 30-day mortality. Comorbidities, severity scores, source of infection and antibiotic therapy escalation were important determinants of unfavorable outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Russo
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Policlinico Umberto I, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - M Falcone
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Policlinico Umberto I, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - B Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena / Universidad de Sevilla / Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - E Calbo
- Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - B Almirante
- Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebrón, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P L Viale
- Teaching Hospital Policlinico S. Orsola Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Oliver
- Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Instituto de Investigación Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | | | - O Gasch
- Corporacio Sanitaria Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Gozalo
- Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla - IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - J Pitout
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - M Akova
- Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - C Peña
- Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J M Cisneros
- Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocio, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | | | - A Farcomeni
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Policlinico Umberto I, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - N Prim
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Origüen
- Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - G Bou
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - E Tacconelli
- Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - M Tumbarello
- Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - A Hamprecht
- Institut für Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene Universitätsklinikum Köln, Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | - F Pérez
- Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - M J Schwaber
- Division of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel, and National Center for Infection Control, Israel Ministry of Health, Tel Aviv, Israel, affiliated with Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - J Bermejo
- Hospital Español, Rosario, Argentina
| | - W Lowman
- Wits Donald Gordon Medical Centre, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - P-R Hsueh
- National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University Hospital College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - M Mora-Rillo
- Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Rodriguez-Gomez
- Intensive Care Unit. Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/ Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - M Souli
- University General Hospital Attikon, Chaidari, Greece
| | - R A Bonomo
- Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland Ohio, USA
| | - D L Paterson
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Y Carmeli
- Division of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel, and National Center for Infection Control, Israel Ministry of Health, Tel Aviv, Israel, affiliated with Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - A Pascual
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena / Universidad de Sevilla / Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - J Rodríguez-Baño
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena / Universidad de Sevilla / Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - M Venditti
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Policlinico Umberto I, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
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Prim N, Turbau M, Rivera A, Rodríguez-Navarro J, Coll P, Mirelis B. Prevalence of colistin resistance in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae: A four-year cross-sectional study. J Infect 2017; 75:493-498. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Prim N, Rivera A, Coll P, Mirelis B. Intrinsic resistance versus intrinsic resistome: are we talking about the same concept? Reply to ‘Resistance to polymyxins in Gram-negative organisms’. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2017; 50:281. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Prim N, Rivera A, Rodríguez-Navarro J, Español M, Turbau M, Coll P, Mirelis B. Detection of mcr-1 colistin resistance gene in polyclonal Escherichia coli isolates in Barcelona, Spain, 2012 to 2015. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 21:30183. [PMID: 27055477 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2016.21.13.30183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Colistin resistance was detected in 53 of 10,011 Escherichia coli (0.5%) by prospective phenotypic testing of consecutive clinical isolates in a single hospital in Barcelona, Spain (2012-15). The mcr-1 gene was retrospectively identified by PCR and sequencing in 15 of 50 available isolates. Each isolate had a unique PFGE pattern except for two. This clonal diversity supports the hypothesis of horizontal dissemination of the mcr-1 gene in the local study population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Prim
- Microbiology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
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Boix-Palop L, Nicolás C, Xercavins M, Riera M, Prim N, Freixas N, Pérez J, Calbo E. Bacillus species pseudo-outbreak: construction works and collateral damage. J Hosp Infect 2016; 95:118-122. [PMID: 27856013 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2016.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We describe the investigation and management of a pseudo-outbreak of Bacillus spp. bacteraemia associated with construction work in an emergency department (ED). During the pseudo-outbreak period 59 out of 3469 (1.7%) blood cultures yielded Bacillus spp. versus 24 out of 7628 (0.31%) in 2012. Material, surfaces, and air samples showed environmental contamination. Cases rapidly declined following the implementation of infection control measures and the end of construction. Construction works at the ED caused environmental contamination that most probably led to the pseudo-outbreak of Bacillus bacteraemia. In hospital settings, the lack of correctly implemented effective barriers during construction may place patients and healthcare providers at risk as well as lead to pseudo-outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Boix-Palop
- Internal Medicine Department, Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitari Mútua Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - C Nicolás
- Infection Control Nurse, Hospital Universitari Mútua Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - M Riera
- Infection Control Nurse, Hospital Universitari Mútua Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Prim
- Microbiology Department, Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Freixas
- Infection Control Nurse, Hospital Universitari Mútua Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Pérez
- Microbiology, Catlab, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Calbo
- Internal Medicine Department, Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitari Mútua Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
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García-Jiménez A, Prim N, Crusi X, Benito N. Septic arthritis due to Clostridium ramosum. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2016; 45:617-20. [PMID: 26546506 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2015.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Clostridium species are anaerobic bacilli that are rarely reported as etiologic agents of infectious arthritis. Previous cases of arthritis caused by Clostridium ramosum have not been reported. We describe the first 2 cases of C. ramosum arthritis. METHODS We reviewed the etiology of arthritis in our hospital during the previous 15 years. RESULTS Both patients had underlying immunocompromising conditions and their infections involved a joint with preexisting disease: patient 1 had rheumatic arthritis and a prosthetic joint; patient 2, chronic renal failure on dialysis and hip osteoarthritis. The infection was hematogenously acquired and the course was indolent but destructive in both the cases. Management included open arthrotomy and resection arthroplasty. The infection had a persisting and relapsing course, and prolonged antibiotic treatment was required. In the literature review, we found 55 previous cases of arthritis caused by Clostridium species between 1966 and 2014; Clostridium perfringens was the most common infecting species; the infection was traumatically acquired in most of the cases. A total of 15 patients have been described with infections caused by C. ramosum; none had septic arthritis. The majority were elderly or immunocompromised adults. Proper collection, transportation and processing of clinical specimens is essential for diagnosing clostridial infections. More information about the best management of clostridial arthritis are needed. CONCLUSIONS We describe the first 2 cases of septic arthritis caused by C. ramosum. They shared several pathogenic and clinical features. The possibility of anaerobic arthritis should always be considered when collecting diagnostic specimens. An increasing number of clostridial arthritis cases are likely to be diagnosed in future years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio García-Jiménez
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d׳Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Prim
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d׳Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Crusi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d׳Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natividad Benito
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d׳Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau, Sant Antoni Maria Claret, 167, Barcelona 08025, Spain; Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI RD12/0015), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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16
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García‐Arroyo L, Prim N, Martí N, Roig MC, Navarro F, Rabella N. Benefits and drawbacks of molecular techniques for diagnosis of viral respiratory infections. Experience with two multiplex PCR assays. J Med Virol 2016; 88:45-50. [PMID: 26100363 PMCID: PMC7166422 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Molecular techniques have represented a major step forward in the diagnosis of viral respiratory infections. They are considered highly sensitive and specific compared to conventional techniques. In this study two nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) were compared to conventional methods (immunofluorescence and viral culture). The aim of this work was to discuss the clinical interpretation of the results obtained by NAATs on the basis of the two-decade experience of our group and the literature. Eighty nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from children under six years attended for acute respiratory illness at the pediatric emergency room of a third level Hospital. Both NAATs tested (Seeplex(®) and Clart(®)) showed an overall higher performance regarding sensitivity (76% and 90%, respectively). Compared to Seeplex(®), the Clart(®) system tripled the number of multiple detections (8 by Seeplex(®) vs. 25 by Clart(®)). In some specimens both NAATs detected different viruses. Given these discrepancies and the fact that detection of viral nucleic acids is not necessarily related to the current clinical syndrome, the interpretation of molecular results may not always be so straightforward. The pros and cons of NAATs should always be taken into account when giving a result.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Núria Prim
- Servei de Microbiologia, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant PauBarcelonaSpain
| | - Neus Martí
- Servei de Microbiologia, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant PauBarcelonaSpain
| | - Maria Carme Roig
- Servei de Microbiologia, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant PauBarcelonaSpain
| | - Ferran Navarro
- Servei de Microbiologia, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant PauBarcelonaSpain
- Departament de Genètica i de MicrobiologiaUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Núria Rabella
- Servei de Microbiologia, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant PauBarcelonaSpain
- Departament de Genètica i de MicrobiologiaUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
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Prim N, Rivera A, Español M, Mirelis B, Coll P. In Vivo Adaptive Resistance to Colistin inEscherichia coliIsolates: Table 1. Clin Infect Dis 2015; 61:1628-9. [DOI: 10.1093/cid/civ645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Segura R, Prim N, Montemayor M, Valls ME, Muñoz C. Predominant virulent IbA10G2 subtype of Cryptosporidium hominis in human isolates in Barcelona: a five-year study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121753. [PMID: 25816024 PMCID: PMC4376526 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cryptosporidium infection is a worldwide cause of diarrheal disease. To gain insight into the epidemiology of the infection in a certain geographic area, molecular methods are needed to determine the species/genotypes and subtypes. Methodology/Principal Findings From 2004 to 2009, 161 cryptosporidiosis cases were detected in two hospitals in Barcelona. Diagnosis was performed by microscopic observation of oocysts in stool specimens following modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining. Most cases (82%) occurred in children. The number of cases increased in summer and autumn. Molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium was performed in 69 specimens, and C. hominis and C. parvum were identified in 88.4% and 10.1% of the cases, respectively. C. meleagridis was detected in one specimen. Subtyping based on the gp60 polymorphism showed six subtypes, four C. hominis and two C. parvum. Subtype IbA10G2 was the most prevalent subtype corresponding to 90% of all C. hominis isolates. This is the first report on the distribution of specific Cryptosporidium subtypes from humans in Spain. Conclusions/Significance In our geographic area, the anthroponotic behavior of C. hominis, the lower infective dose, and the higher virulence of certain subtypes may contribute to the high incidence of human cryptosporidiosis caused by the IbA10G2 subtype. Further studies should include populations with asymptomatic shedding of the parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remedios Segura
- Servei de Microbiologia, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Prim
- Servei de Microbiologia, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Michel Montemayor
- Servei de Microbiologia, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Eugenia Valls
- Servei de Microbiologia, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Muñoz
- Servei de Microbiologia, Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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19
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Abstract
Afatinib (BIBW 2992) is an irreversible multi-target HER receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor developed in patients with advanced solid tumours. Several phase I studies were conducted in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), as a single agent or in combination. In further phase II or III studies, patients were selected based on the duration of response to first generation EGFR-TKI in previous line (supposed to have greater chance to have an activating EGFR mutation) or based directly on the EGFR activating mutation status. Here, we report and comment the main results of these studies in lung cancer patients. This drug has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration in June 2013 for the first-line treatment of patients with metastatic NSCLC whose tumours have EGFR mutation. In Europe, it has been approved in September 2013 in the same indication.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Prim
- Service de pneumologie, pôle de pathologie thoracique, nouvel hôpital civil, hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, 1, porte de l'Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg cedex, France
| | - M Fore
- Service de pneumologie, pôle de pathologie thoracique, nouvel hôpital civil, hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, 1, porte de l'Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg cedex, France
| | - B Mennecier
- Service de pneumologie, pôle de pathologie thoracique, nouvel hôpital civil, hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, 1, porte de l'Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg cedex, France.
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Prim N, Legrain M, Guerin E, Mennecier B, Weingertner N, Voegeli AC, Guenot D, Maugard CM, Quoix AE, Beau-Faller M. Germ-line exon 21 EGFR mutations, V843I and P848L, in nonsmall cell lung cancer patients. Eur Respir Rev 2014; 23:390-2. [DOI: 10.1183/09059180.00009313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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21
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Beau-Faller M, Prim N, Ruppert AM, Nanni-Metéllus I, Lacave R, Lacroix L, Escande F, Lizard S, Pretet JL, Rouquette I, de Crémoux P, Solassol J, de Fraipont F, Bièche I, Cayre A, Favre-Guillevin E, Tomasini P, Wislez M, Besse B, Legrain M, Voegeli AC, Baudrin L, Morin F, Zalcman G, Quoix E, Blons H, Cadranel J. Rare EGFR exon 18 and exon 20 mutations in non-small-cell lung cancer on 10 117 patients: a multicentre observational study by the French ERMETIC-IFCT network. Ann Oncol 2013; 25:126-31. [PMID: 24285021 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is scarce data available about epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations other than common exon 19 deletions and exon 21 (L858R) mutations. PATIENTS AND METHODS EGFR exon 18 and/or exon 20 mutations were collected from 10 117 non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) samples analysed at 15 French National Cancer Institute (INCa)-platforms of the ERMETIC-IFCT network. RESULTS Between 2008 and 2011, 1047 (10%) samples were EGFR-mutated, 102 (10%) with rare mutations: 41 (4%) in exon 18, 49 (5%) in exon 20, and 12 (1%) with other EGFR mutations. Exon 20 mutations were related to never-smoker status, when compared with exon 18 mutations (P < 0.001). Median overall survival (OS) of metastatic disease was 21 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 12-24], worse in smokers than in non-smoker patients with exon 20 mutations (12 versus 21 months; hazard ratio [HR] for death 0.27, 95% CI 0.08-0.87, P = 0.03). Under EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), median OS was 14 months (95% CI 6-21); disease control rate was better for complex mutations (6 of 7, 86%) than for single mutations (16 of 40, 40%) (P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Rare EGFR-mutated NSCLCs are heterogeneous, with resistance of distal exon 20 insertions and better sensitivity of exon 18 or complex mutations to EGFR-TKIs, probably requiring individual assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Beau-Faller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg
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22
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Renaud S, Prim N, Antoni D, Olland A, Santelmo N, Schumacher C, Falcoz PE, Quoix E, Massard G, Noël G. Doit-on traiter différemment les cancers bronchiques non à petites cellules de stade IIIA-N2 en fonction du type d’atteinte ganglionnaire ? Cancer Radiother 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2013.07.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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23
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Prim N, López G, Domínguez N, Torres O, Pomar V, Sánchez-Reus F. Disseminated Penicillium marneffei infection in an HIV infected patient returning from Vietnam. Rev Clin Esp 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rce.2013.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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24
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Prim N, Benito N, Montes G, Pomar V, Molet J, Rabella N. Human herpesvirus 1 meningoencephalitis after trigeminal neuralgia surgery. J Infect 2013; 67:79-81. [PMID: 23068448 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2012.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Revised: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 10/07/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We report a case of human herpesvirus 1 (HHV-1) meningoencephalitis in a patient who underwent trigeminal neuralgia surgery. Although this surgery has been reported to increase the risk of mucocutaneous HHV-1 recurrence, to our knowledge, an association between trigeminal surgery and HHV-1 encephalitis has not been previously described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Prim
- Servei de Microbiologia, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Sant Quintí 89, Barcelona, Spain
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Prim
- Servei de Microbiologia; Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau; Barcelona; Spain
| | - Ángel Remacha
- Servei d'Hematologia; Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau; Barcelona; Spain
| | | | | | - Ramon Ayats
- Servei d'Hematologia; Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau; Barcelona; Spain
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Prim N, Escamilla P, Solé R, Llovet T, Soriano G, Muñoz C. Risk of underdiagnosing amebic dysentery due to false-negative Entamoeba histolytica antigen detection. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2012; 73:372-3. [PMID: 22683092 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2012.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Revised: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Entamoeba histolytica antigen assays on stool are widely used to diagnose amebiasis. We report a case of confirmed amebic colitis with a false-negative antigen detection that became positive after treatment. Our results indicate that these assays may underdiagnose acute amebic infection when used alone and should be used cautiously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Prim
- Servei de Microbiologia, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
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27
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Guillerme F, Truntzer P, Prim N, Chenard MP, Voirin J, Noël G. [Solitary fibrous tumors: Case report of a late relapse]. Cancer Radiother 2011; 15:330-3. [PMID: 21680220 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2010.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2010] [Revised: 06/09/2010] [Accepted: 06/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Authors report a case of a woman with a metastasis of a solitary fibrous tumor, 14 years after the diagnosis of a hemangiopericytoma of the soft tissues. This case report allows discussing the pathological features, the therapeutical option and the outcome of these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Guillerme
- Département de radiothérapie, centre de lutte contre le cancer Paul-Strauss, 3, rue de la Porte-de-l'hôpital, BP 42, 67065 Strasbourg cedex, France
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Prim N, Mennecier B, Behr C, Fraisse P, Echaniz-Laguna A, Tranchant C, Quoix É. Cancer bronchique à petites cellules et syndrome des anticorps anti-Hu. Rev Mal Respir 2010; 27:261-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2010.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2009] [Accepted: 10/10/2009] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Bofill C, Prim N, Mormeneo M, Manresa A, Pastor FIJ, Diaz P. Differential behaviour of Pseudomonas sp. 42A2 LipC, a lipase showing greater versatility than its counterpart LipA. Biochimie 2009; 92:307-16. [PMID: 19944735 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2009.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2009] [Accepted: 11/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Growth of Pseudomonas sp. 42A2 on oleic acid releases polymerized hydroxy-fatty acids as a result of several enzymatic conversions that could involve one or more lipases. To test this hypothesis, the lipolytic system of strain Pseudomonas sp. 42A2 was analyzed, revealing the presence of at least an intracellular carboxylesterase and a secreted lipase. Consensus primers derived from a conserved region of bacterial lipase subfamilies I.1 and I.2 allowed isolation of two secreted lipase genes, lipA and lipC, highly homologous to those of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. Homologous cloning of the isolated lipA and lipC genes was performed in Pseudomonas sp. 42A2 for LipA and LipC over-expression. The overproduced lipases were further purified and characterized, both showing preference for medium fatty acid chain-length substrates. However, significant differences could be detected between LipA and LipC in terms of enzyme kinetics and behaviour pattern. Accordingly, LipA showed maximum activity at moderate temperatures, and displayed a typical Michaelis-Menten kinetics. On the contrary, LipC was more active at low temperatures and displayed partial interfacial activation, showing a shift in substrate specificity when assayed at different temperatures, and displaying increased activity in the presence of certain heavy metal ions. The versatile properties shown by LipC suggest that this lipase could be expressed in response to variable environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Bofill
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 645, Barcelona, Spain
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Prim N, Bofill C, Pastor FIJ, Diaz P. Esterase EstA6 from Pseudomonas sp. CR-611 is a novel member in the utmost conserved cluster of family VI bacterial lipolytic enzymes. Biochimie 2006; 88:859-67. [PMID: 16600467 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2006.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2005] [Accepted: 02/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Strain Pseudomonas sp. CR-611, previously isolated from a subtropical forest soil on tributyrine-supplemented plates, displays phenotypic and physiological properties consistent with those described for Pseudomonas fluorescens. However, no complete match to this species could be found after 16S rDNA comparison. Zymographic analysis of the strain revealed a complex lipolytic system, showing the presence of at least two enzymes with activity on MUF-butyrate. Alignment of Pseudomonas fluorescens lipase/esterase-coding sequences allowed the design of specific primers for family VI lipases, and the isolation and cloning of the resulting gene estA6. The recombinant clone obtained displayed high activity on fatty acid-derivative substrates, indicating that one of the lipolytic enzymes of the strain had been cloned. The enzyme, named EstA6, was then purified and characterized, showing maximum activity on short chain-length substrates under conditions of high temperature and neutral pH. Amino acid sequence alignment of EstA6 with other family VI esterases allowed identification of a highly conserved beta-/gamma-protobacterial cluster in family VI lipases, to which EstA6 belongs.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Prim
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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31
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Prim N, Pastor FIJ, Diaz P. Biochemical studies on cloned Bacillus sp. BP-7 phenolic acid decarboxylase PadA. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2003; 63:51-6. [PMID: 12819959 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-003-1371-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2003] [Revised: 05/13/2003] [Accepted: 05/16/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Sequence analysis of a Bacillus sp. BP-7 recombinant clone coding for a previously described carboxylesterase revealed the presence of an additional ORF with homology to bacterial hydroxycinnamic acid decarboxylases. Analysis of the amino acid sequence of the encoded enzyme revealed the presence of a single, highly conserved domain of 161 amino acids, with a predicted molecular mass of 19,143 Da and a pI of 5.5. Crude cell extracts from the recombinant clone displayed activity on ferulic, p-coumaric and caffeic acids, with no need for added cofactors. The cloned enzyme, named PadA, displayed maximum activity at 40 degrees C and pH 5.5, being stable over a broad range of pH and up to 45 degrees C. HPLC analysis of the products of catalysis revealed the conversion of phenolic acids to their aromatic 4-vinyl derivatives, with no accumulation of other by-products. PadA was found as a homodimer in the parental Bacillus sp. BP-7 strain and its expression was induced by both hydroxycinnamic acids and their corresponding derivative products. The results obtained suggest that the enzyme could be involved in a stress response for conversion of toxic hydroxycinnamic acids released after plant cell wall degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Prim
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Prim N, Sánchez M, Ruiz C, Javier Pastor F, Diaz P. Use of methylumbeliferyl-derivative substrates for lipase activity characterization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1177(03)00048-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abstract
The manuscript includes a concise description of a new, fast and simple method for detection of cinnamic acid decarboxylase activity. The method is based on a color shift caused a by pH change and may be an excellent procedure for large screenings of samples from natural sources, as it involves no complex sample processing or purification. The method developed can be used in preliminary approaches to biotransformation processes involving detection of hydroxycinnamic acid decarboxylase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Prim
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Avenue Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Sánchez M, Prim N, Rández-Gil F, Pastor FIJ, Diaz P. Engineering of baker's yeasts, E. coli and Bacillus hosts for the production of Bacillus subtilis Lipase A. Biotechnol Bioeng 2002; 78:339-45. [PMID: 11920450 DOI: 10.1002/bit.10201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Lipases are versatile biocatalists showing multiple applications in a wide range of biotechnological processes. The gene lipA coding for Lipase A from Bacillus subtilis was isolated by PCR amplification, cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis strains, using pBR322, YEplac112 and pUB110-derived vectors, respectively. Lipase activity analysis of the recombinant strains showed that the gene can be properly expressed in all hosts assayed, this being the first time a lipase from bacterial origin can be expressed in baker's S. cerevisiae strains. An important increase of lipase production was obtained in heterologous hosts with respect to that of parental strains, indicating that the described systems can represent a useful tool to enhance productivity of the enzyme for biotechnological applications, including the use of the lipase in bread making, or as a technological additive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Sánchez
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 645, 08028-Barcelona, Spain
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35
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Abstract
A clone producing halos on tributyrin plates was isolated from a genomic library of Bacillus sp. BP-7. The insert contained an open reading frame that coded for a protein of 487 amino acids with homology to carboxylesterases. The cloned enzyme showed clear preference for esters of short-chain fatty acids, being classified as an esterase. Maximum activity was found at 45 degrees C and pH 7.5. The enzyme displayed stability in the pH range from 6 to 9.5, and at temperatures from 4 degrees to 45 degrees C. Zymogram analysis of the protein revealed a molecular mass of 53 kDa and a pI of 5.1. The enzyme showed homology to members of the bacterial subclass of type B carboxylesterases, a set of proteins potentially useful for biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Prim
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 645, 08028-Barcelona, Spain
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Prim N, Blanco A, Martínez J, Diaz P. estA, a gene coding for a cell-bound esterase from Paenibacillus sp. BP-23, is a new member of the bacterial subclass of type B carboxylesterases. Res Microbiol 2000; 151:303-12. [PMID: 10875287 DOI: 10.1016/s0923-2508(00)00150-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Screening of a gene library from Paenibacillus sp. BP-23 generated in Escherichia coli led to identification of a clone that directed the production of lipolytic activity. From the sequencing data, we found an open reading frame encoding a protein of 485 amino acids with an estimated molecular mass of 53 kDa and a pI of 5.1. Absence of a signal peptide indicated that it was a cell-bound protein. Sequence analysis showed that the protein contained the signature G-XI-S-X2-G included in most serine-esterases and lipases. The cloned protein showed high homology with enzymes belonging to the bacterial subclass of type B carboxylesterases. The enzyme had a significant preference for esters of short-chain fatty acids and showed the kinetics behaviour of a true esterase. Maximum activity was found at pH 7.5 and 37 degrees C, although the enzyme was active in the pH range 6.0- 9.0 and at temperatures up to 45 degrees C. As expected for a serine-esterase, activity was inhibited by phenylmethylsulphonyl fluoride.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Prim
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Spain
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38
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Affiliation(s)
- P Diaz
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Spain.
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