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Osuka Y, Takeshima N, Kojima N, Kohama T, Fujita E, Kusunoki M, Kato Y, Brechue WF, Sasai H. Discrimination of Frailty Phenotype by Kinect TM-Based Stepping Parameters. JAR Life 2023; 12:100-104. [PMID: 38186668 PMCID: PMC10767484 DOI: 10.14283/jarlife.2023.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Background Frailty increases the risk of falling, hospitalization, and premature death, necessitating practical early-detection tools. Objectives To examine the discriminative ability of KinectTM-based stepping parameters for identifying frailty phenotype. Design Population-based cross-sectional study. Setting Eighteen neighborhoods near Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan. Participants In total, 563 community-dwelling older adults aged ≥75 years without mobility limitations, neurological disease, or dementia were included. Measurements Step number (SN) and knee total movement distance (KMD) during a 20-s stepping test were evaluated using the KinectTM infrared depth sensor. Results The number (%) of participants with frailty were 51 (9.1). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (95% confidence interval) of a parameter consisting of SN and KMD for frailty was 0.72 (0.64, 0.79). Conclusions Stepping parameters evaluated using KinectTM provided acceptable ability in identifying frailty phenotype, making it a practical screening tool in primary care and home settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Osuka
- Department of Frailty Research, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Takeshima
- Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Asahi University, Gifu, Japan
| | - N Kojima
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Kohama
- Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology, Kindai University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - E Fujita
- Department of Sports and Life Science, National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - M Kusunoki
- Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology, Kindai University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Y Kato
- Department of Physical Therapy, Nagoya Women's University, Aichi, Japan
| | - W F Brechue
- Department of Physiology, Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine, A.T. Still University of Health Sciences, Missouri, USA
| | - H Sasai
- Department of Frailty Research, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
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Kojima N, Roshani A, Klausner J. Duration of COVID-19 PCR positivity for Omicron vs earlier variants. J Clin Virol Plus 2022; 2:100085. [PMID: 35615055 PMCID: PMC9123744 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcvp.2022.100085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
There have been reports that the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 is milder and may resolve more quickly than earlier variants of SARS-CoV-2, like the Delta variant. Due to a dearth of studies on duration of PCR positivity for the Omicron variant, we studied this question in a cohort of routinely tested employees that work in a large laboratory. We found that there was no difference in duration of PCR positivity among those infected with the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 versus earlier variants of SARS-CoV-2. That suggests in a clinical study that the increased infectiousness of Omicron might likely be due to factors related to viral and host cell interactions, rather than viral load or duration of infectivity, which has been suggested in immune escape studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Kojima
- Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles 90095, United States,Corresponding author at: Department of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - A. Roshani
- Curative Inc., San Dimas, CA, United States
| | - J.D. Klausner
- Departments of Medicine and Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033, United States
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Kojima N, Roshani A, Baca A, Klausner JD. Vaccinated Individuals With Prior COVID-19 Have Lower Risk of Incident SARS-CoV-2 Infection When Compared With Vaccinated Individuals Without Prior Infection. Open Forum Infect Dis 2022; 9:ofac166. [PMID: 35531380 PMCID: PMC9070338 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofac166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N Kojima
- Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - A Roshani
- Curative Inc., San Dimas, California, USA
| | - A Baca
- Curative Inc., San Dimas, California, USA
| | - J D Klausner
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
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4
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Kojima N, Roshani A, Brobeck M, Baca A, Klausner JD. Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among previously infected or vaccinated employees. Int J Infect Dis 2022; 118:21-23. [PMID: 35151852 PMCID: PMC8828432 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We aimed to determine the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among individuals with a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection versus vaccinated individuals. METHODS In March 2020, a SARS-CoV-2 testing company began routinely screening its workforce for SARS-CoV-2 with a PCR test. On December 15, 2020, vaccination with either the BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 vaccines became available. Routine screening has continued through July 2021. We compared the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection between people who were SARS-CoV-2 naïve and unvaccinated, people with prior COVID-19 without vaccination, and people vaccinated without prior COVID-19. Incidence in 100 person-years with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) was calculated with the Poisson Exact equation. The incidence rate ratio (IRR), the ratio of confirmed COVID-19 cases per 100 person-years of follow-up with 95% CIs, was used as a measure of association between groups. Analyses were performed on StataSE. RESULTS The median age of employees was 29.0 years (interquartile range: 23.6, 39.9). During the observation period, 258 SARS-CoV-2 incident infections were identified. The naïve, unvaccinated group had a SARS-CoV-2 incidence of 25.9 per 100 person-years (95% CI: 22.8-29.3). The previously infected, unvaccinated group had an incidence of 0 per 100 person-years (95% CI: 0-5.0). The vaccinated group had an incidence of 1.6 per 100 person-years (95% CI: 0.04-4.2). CONCLUSION We found a strong association between prior SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or vaccination for SARS-CoV-2 with either the BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 vaccines and the reduced incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection when compared with those naïve and/or unvaccinated to SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kojima
- Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, 90095.
| | | | | | - A Baca
- Curative Inc., San Dimas, CA
| | - J D Klausner
- Departments of Population and Public Health Sciences, Medicine, and the COVID-19 Pandemic Research Center, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, 90033
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5
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Abstract
We systematically reviewed studies to estimate the risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection among those previously infected with SARS-CoV-2. For this systematic review, we searched scientific publications on PubMed and MedRxiv, a pre-print server, through August 18, 2021. Eligible studies were retrieved on August 18, 2021. The following search term was used on PubMed: ((("Cohort Studies"[Majr]) AND ("COVID-19"[Mesh] OR "SARS-CoV-2"[Mesh])) OR "Reinfection"[Majr]) OR "Reinfection"[Mesh]. The following search term was used on MedRxiv: "Cohort Studies" AND "COVID-19" OR "SARS-CoV-2" AND "Reinfection". The search terms were broad to encompass all applicable studies. There were no restrictions on the date of publication. Studies that did not describe cohorts with estimates of the risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection among those with previous infection were excluded. Studies that included vaccinated participants were either excluded or limited to sub-groups of non-vaccinated individuals. To identify relevant studies with appropriate control groups, we developed the following criteria for studies to be included in the systematic analysis: (1) baseline polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing, (2) a uninfected comparison group, (3) longitudinal follow-up, (4) a cohort of human participants, i.e. not a case report or case series, and (5) outcome determined by PCR. The review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. We assessed for selection, information, and analysis bias, per PRISMA guidelines. We identified 1,392 reports. Of those, 10 studies were eligible for our systematic review. The weighted average risk reduction against reinfection was 90.4% with a standard deviation of 7.7% (p-value: <0.01). Protection against SARS-CoV-2 reinfection was observed for up to 10 months. Studies had potential information, selection, and analysis biases. The protective effect of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection on re-infection is high and similar to the protective effect of vaccination. More research is needed to characterize the duration of protection and the impact of different SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Kojima
- Department of Medicine, University of California Los
Angeles, CA, USA
| | - N. K. Shrestha
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Cleveland Clinic, OH,
USA
| | - J. D. Klausner
- Departments of Medicine and Population and Public Health
Sciences and the COVID-19 Pandemic Research Center, USC, Keck School of
Medicine, University Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Kojima N, Klausner JD. Patients May Accurately Self-collect Pharyngeal and Rectal Specimens for Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis Infection: But Is There Benefit? Clin Infect Dis 2021; 73:e3181-e3182. [PMID: 32877526 PMCID: PMC8563206 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N Kojima
- Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - J D Klausner
- Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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7
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Konda K, Kojima N, Vargas SK, Calvo G, Reyes-Díaz M, Giacani L, Cáceres CF, Klausner JD. Syphilis naïve patients achieve treatment success more quickly: A comparison of time to syphilis treatment success in patients with repeat versus naïve infection. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 74:1887-1888. [PMID: 34596682 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K Konda
- Division of Infectious Disease, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - N Kojima
- Division of Infectious Disease, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - S K Vargas
- Center for Interdisciplinary Studies in Sexuality, AIDS and Society, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - G Calvo
- Center for Interdisciplinary Studies in Sexuality, AIDS and Society, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - M Reyes-Díaz
- Center for Interdisciplinary Studies in Sexuality, AIDS and Society, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - L Giacani
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle WA, United States
| | - C F Cáceres
- Center for Interdisciplinary Studies in Sexuality, AIDS and Society, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - J D Klausner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle WA, United States.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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8
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Kojima N, Turner F, Slepnev V, Bacelar A, Deming L, Kodeboyina S, Klausner JD. Self-Collected Oral Fluid and Nasal Swab Specimens Demonstrate Comparable Sensitivity to Clinician-Collected Nasopharyngeal Swab Specimens for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2. Clin Infect Dis 2020; 73:e3106-e3109. [PMID: 33075138 PMCID: PMC7665422 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We compared self-collected oral fluid swab specimens with and without clinician supervision, clinician-supervised self-collected mid-turbinate (nasal) swab specimens, and clinician-collected nasopharyngeal swab specimens for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. Supervised oral fluid and nasal swab specimens performed similarly to clinician-collected nasopharyngeal swab specimens. No sample type could detect SARS-CoV-2 infections amongst all positive participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kojima
- Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles
| | | | | | | | | | | | - J D Klausner
- Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles
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Taufiq A, Sunaryono S, Hidayat N, Putra E, Okazawa A, Watanabe I, Kojima N, Pratapa S, Darminto D. Nanostructure and Magnetic Field Ordering in Aqueous Fe3O4 Ferrofluids: A Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Study. Atom Indo 2019. [DOI: 10.17146/aij.2019.744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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10
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Kojima N, Tada H, Kawashiri M, Takamura M. P6202Serum sitosterol levels and ABCG5 and ABCG8 genetic mutations among Japanese dyslipidemic subjects. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz746.0807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Sitosterolemia, which is caused by ABCG5 or ABCG8 genetic mutations, is involved with marked increased concentrations of cholesterol as well as non-cholesterol plant sterols including sitosterol. Assessments of serum sitosterol level is critical to discriminate this disease from familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), which exhibits similar phenotypes except for elevated sitosterol levels. However, no prior data exist regarding the optimal cutoff value of serum sitosterol predicting the presence of sitosterolemia with double pathogenic mutations in ABCG5 or ABCG8 genes.
Methods
We retrospectively investigated consecutive 253 Japanese dyslipidemic subjects (mean age = 47.02 yr, male = 48.6%) with the assessments of serum sitosterol level as well as the presence of ABCG5 or ABCG8 genetic mutations in our institute since 2009 to 2018. Exome lesions of those 2 genes were sequenced, and pathogenicity of the identified genetic variants were determined using standard variant filtering schema, including minor allele frequency, in silico annotation tools. We divided the subjects into 3 groups based on the number of pathogenic mutations in ABCG5 or ABCG8 genes. We compared serum lipid values, including LDL cholesterol as well as serum sitosterol among those groups, and tried to determine the optimal cutoff value discriminating patients of sitosterolemia with double mutations from others.
Results
We identified 11 individuals with sitosterolemia with double mutations, 27 individuals with a single mutation, and 215 individuals without any mutations. Distribution of serum sitosterol exhibited skewed to the right (Figure). There was no significant correlation between serum sitosterol and other lipids, including LDL cholesterol. As expected, serum sitosterol level of patients with sitosterolemia exhibited significantly higher than those of any other groups (52.0 vs. 7.9 μg/ml, p=2.22×10–6, 52.0 vs. 2.8 μg/ml, p=2.275×10–8). 15 μg/ml was the optimal cut-off value, the sensitivity and specificity of which were 100%, and 99.6%, respectively.
Histgram of serum sitosterol
Conclusion
We suggest the cutoff sitosterol value of 15 μg/ml predicting the presence of sitosterolemia with double pathogenic ABCG5 or ABCG8 genetic mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kojima
- Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - H Tada
- Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
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11
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Kojima N, Siebert JC, Maecker H, Rosenberg-Hasson Y, Leon SR, Vargas SK, Konda KA, Caceres CF, Klausner JD. Cytokine expression in Treponema pallidum infection. J Transl Med 2019; 17:196. [PMID: 31186010 PMCID: PMC6558693 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-1947-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current syphilis tests cannot distinguish between active and past syphilis among patients with serofast rapid plasma reagin (RPR) titers. We investigated whether cytokine profiles might provide insight in the differentiation of active and treated syphilis. METHODS We collected quarterly serum samples from participants at risk for incident syphilis in a prospective cohort study of men and male-to-female transgender women. We defined incident syphilis as a new RPR titer ≥ 1:8 or a fourfold increase from a prior RPR titer and a positive Treponema pallidum particle agglutination assay. We measured cytokine expression using a 63-multiplex bead-based Luminex assay (eBiosciences/Affymetrix, San Diego, California, USA). We used tertile bins and Chi square tests to identify differences in proportions of cytokines between samples from patients with active and treated syphilis. We constructed a network of cytokine profiles from those findings. We used R software (R version 3.4.1, R, Vienna, Austria) to fit models. RESULTS We identified 20 pairs of cytokines (out of 1953 possible pairs) that differed between active and treated syphilis. From those, we identified three cytokine networks of interest: an Eotaxin-Rantes-Leptin network, a Mig-IL1ra-Trail-CD40L network, and an IL12p40-IL12p70 network. CONCLUSIONS Differences in cytokine profiles are present among men and male-to-female transgender women with active and treated syphilis. Cytokine assays may be a potentially useful tool for identifying active syphilis among patients with serologic syphilis reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kojima
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | | | - H Maecker
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, 94305, USA
| | - Y Rosenberg-Hasson
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, 94305, USA
| | - S R Leon
- Laboratory of Sexual Health and Unit of Health, Sexuality and Human Development, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, USA
| | - S K Vargas
- Laboratory of Sexual Health and Unit of Health, Sexuality and Human Development, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, USA
| | - K A Konda
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Laboratory of Sexual Health and Unit of Health, Sexuality and Human Development, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, USA
| | - C F Caceres
- Laboratory of Sexual Health and Unit of Health, Sexuality and Human Development, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, USA
| | - J D Klausner
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, 90024, USA
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12
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Osuka Y, Kojima N, Yoshida Y, Kim M, Won CW, Suzuki T, Kim H. Exercise and/or Dietary Varieties and Incidence of Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Women: A 2-Year Cohort Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2019; 23:425-430. [PMID: 31021359 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-019-1166-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Exercise and dietary habits rich in variety may reduce the risk of frailty incident, but such association remains unexamined. This study aimed to examine the longitudinal associations between exercise and/or dietary varieties and incidence of frailty in older women. DESIGN A 2-year population-based prospective cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Six hundred and four community-dwelling older Japanese women aged ≥75 years with non-frailty at baseline survey. MEASUREMENTS Frailty was assessed using Fried's frailty criteria composed of shrinking, weakness, slowness, low activity, and exhaustion at both baseline and follow-up surveys. Frailty incident was defined as the presence of ≥3 components at the follow-up survey. At baseline, information about exercise and dietary habits were obtained from all participants through a face-to-face interview. Participants were grouped into two categories, high (≥2) and low (<2) exercise varieties, assessed by the number of participations in 17 exercise types. By dietary variety, assessed using Dietary Variety Score (range, 0 to 10), participants were grouped into two, high (≥4 points) and low (<4 points) dietary varieties. Binary logistic regression analyses were applied to obtain adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confident intervals (CIs) of the incidence of frailty in the 4 groups (low-exercise and low-dietary varieties [low EV + low DV] as reference; low-exercise and high-dietary varieties [low EV + high DV]; high-exercise and low-dietary varieties [high EV + low DV]; and high-exercise and high-dietary varieties [high EV + high DV]). RESULTS Frailty incidence rate was 9.3% over the 2-year follow-up period. Incidence rates of frailty in the 4 groups were as follows: 23.7%, 10.1%, 6.5%, and 7.7% in the low EV + low DV, low EV + high DV, high EV + low DV, and high EV + high DV groups, respectively. After adjustment for covariates, only the high EV + high DV group was associated with a significantly lower OR (0.38; 95% CI 0.15-0.92) of frailty incidence compared with the low EV + low DV group. CONCLUSION Higher variety of exercise and diet was significantly associated with lower incidence of frailty. Thus, the combination of variety-rich exercise and dietary program may be useful in preventing the incidence of frailty in older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Osuka
- Yosuke Osuka, Ph.D. Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan, E-mail: , Phone: +81-3-3964-3241, Fax: +03-3579-4776
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13
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Kojima N, Kim M, Saito K, Yoshida Y, Hirano H, Obuchi S, Suzuki T, Kim H. DAILY CONSUMPTION OF SOY, VEGETABLES, AND OILS MAY HELP PREVENT ADL DECLINE IN OLDER WOMEN: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.2621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N Kojima
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - M Kim
- East-West Medical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Korea
| | - K Saito
- Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Y Yoshida
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Japan
| | - H Hirano
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Japan
| | - S Obuchi
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Japan
| | - T Suzuki
- Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Japan
| | - H Kim
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Japan
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14
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Hanada S, Kayano H, Jiang J, Kojima N, Miyajima A, Sakoda A, Sakai Y. Enhanced in Vitro Maturation of Subcultivated Fetal Human Hepatocytes in Three Dimensional Culture using Poly-L-Lactic Acid Scaffolds in the Presence of Oncostatin M. Int J Artif Organs 2018; 26:943-51. [PMID: 14636012 DOI: 10.1177/039139880302601012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Fetal human liver cell fractions, which contain large numbers of hepatocyte progenitors, have high proliferation potential in vitro. To create an engineered liver tissue equivalent of a clinically significant size, however, repeated subcultivation and functional maturation are necessary in vitro. A commercially available human fetal liver cell fraction that was cultivated for some time in vitro has been reported to lose liver specific functions almost completely. We therefore investigated the effects of oncostatin M (OSM) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in long-term three-dimensional (3D) culture using macroporous poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) scaffolds on the restoration of such liver-specific functions of the fraction. 3D culture using PLLA scaffolds with OSM remarkably enhanced the albumin production and cytochrome P450 1A1/2 capacity with the culture time. HGF alone had no preferable effect on these functions even in 3D culture. Alpha-fetoprotein production was consistently suppressed in the 3D culture compared with that in monolayers. This suppression was not observed in the same types of culture of hepatocarcinoma Hep G2 cells. Despite these favorable observations on the 3D culture with OSM, the final attained functional levels at the 5th week were still over ten-times lower than those of Hep G2 cells when standardized with a cellular DNA amount. Although further improvement is needed for the complete functional restoration and maturation in vitro, these results demonstrate that a combination of 3D culture using PLLA scaffolds and OSM offers promising culture conditions for in vitro maturation of human hepatocyte progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hanada
- Sakai Lab, 4th Dept, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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15
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Kojima N, Kim M, Saito K, Yoshida H, Hirano H, Obuchi S, Suzuki T, Kim H. PREDICTORS OF KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS IN COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER WOMEN: A 4-YEAR LONGITUDINAL STUDY. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.1614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N. Kojima
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan,
| | - M. Kim
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan,
| | - K. Saito
- Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - H. Yoshida
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan,
| | - H. Hirano
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan,
| | - S. Obuchi
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan,
| | - T. Suzuki
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan,
| | - H. Kim
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan,
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Sakai Y, Jiang J, Kojima N, Kinoshita T, Miyajima A. Enhanced In Vitro Maturation of Fetal Mouse Liver Cells with Oncostatin M, Nicotinamide, and Dimethyl Sulfoxide. Cell Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.3727/000000002783985710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cells isolated from fetal liver are one of the major sources for liver tissue engineering, it is still very difficult to induce them to fully differentiate in vitro into mature hepatocytes. We therefore investigated the effects of nicotinamide (NA), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and oncostatin M (OSM) on differentiation in terms of the expression of various liver-specific functions, because these factors have been reported to induce the emergence of possible hepatocyte progenitor cells (small hepatocytes) in adult rat hepatocyte culture or maturation of fetal mouse liver cells in culture. Fetal liver cells isolated from mouse embryos were cultured for 5 weeks in collagen-precoated plates. NA (10 mM) and DMSO (1%) remarkably enhanced the emergence of small hepatocytes, and OSM also synergistically enhanced the selective growth of small hepatocytes and inhibited the growth of blood cell populations. In the presence of these three factors, such small hepatocytes became dominant in culture, so that they covered almost 60–70% of confluence after week 2. In addition, some of them piled up over the small hepatocyte monolayer and displayed distinctively differentiated morphology, such as the emergence of binucleated cells, formation of tight gap junctions, and possible bile duct structures. Although OSM alone had very weak effects on hepatocyte functions, albumin secretion and cytochrome P450IA1/2 capacity were greatly enhanced when combined with NA or DMSO. This functional observation closely agreed with the emergence of small hepatocytes. In contrast, ammonium removal was strongly dependent on DMSO alone. DNA amount basis functions of fetal cells with three factors at week 5 were 1/7 for albumin secretion, 3 times higher for ammonium removal, and 1/10 for P450 capacity, compared with those of cultured adult mouse hepatocytes. These results show that inclusion of NA, DMSO, and OSM in the culture medium significantly enhances in vitro maturation of fetal liver cells when compared with conventional culture conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Sakai
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - J. Jiang
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
- Institute of Biological Engineering, Jinlin University, 8 Xinmin Street, Changchung, Jilin 130021, China
| | - N. Kojima
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Bioscience, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - T. Kinoshita
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Bioscience, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - A. Miyajima
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Bioscience, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
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Kojima N, Yasuda H, Hanamura K, Ishizuka Y, Sekino Y, Shirao T. Drebrin A regulates hippocampal LTP and hippocampus-dependent fear learning in adult mice. Neuroscience 2016; 324:218-26. [PMID: 26970584 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Structural plasticity of dendritic spines, which underlies higher brain functions including learning and memory, is dynamically regulated by the actin cytoskeleton and its associated proteins. Drebrin A is an F-actin-binding protein preferentially expressed in the brain and localized in the dendritic spines of mature neurons. Isoform conversion from drebrin E to drebrin A and accumulation of the latter in dendritic spines occurs during synapse maturation. We have previously demonstrated that drebrin A plays a pivotal role in spine morphogenesis and plasticity. However, it is unclear whether drebrin A plays a specific role in processes required for structural plasticity, and whether drebrin E can substitute in this role. To answer these questions, we analyzed mutant mice (named DAKO mice), in which isoform conversion from drebrin E to drebrin A is disrupted. In DAKO mouse brain, drebrin E continues to be expressed throughout life instead of drebrin A. Electrophysiological studies using hippocampal slices revealed that long-term potentiation of CA1 synapses was impaired in adult DAKO mice, but not in adolescents. In parallel with this age-dependent impairment, DAKO mice exhibited impaired hippocampus-dependent fear learning in an age-dependent manner; the impairment was evident in adult mice, but not in adolescents. In addition, histological investigation revealed that the spine length of the apical dendrite of CA1 pyramidal cells was significantly longer in adult DAKO mice than in wild-type mice. Our data indicate that the roles of drebrin E and drebrin A in brain function are different from each other, that the isoform conversion of drebrin is critical, and that drebrin A is indispensable for normal synaptic plasticity and hippocampus-dependent fear memory in the adult brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kojima
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan; Faculty of Life Sciences, Toyo University, Itakura, Gunma 374-0193, Japan; Institute of Life Innovation Studies, Toyo University, Itakura, Gunma 374-0193, Japan
| | - H Yasuda
- Education and Research Support Center, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - K Hanamura
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Y Ishizuka
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Y Sekino
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan; Division of Pharmacology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - T Shirao
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.
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Kojima N, Bristow CC, Pollock N, Crouse P, Theodore H, Bonhomme J, Gaston CF, Dévieux JG, Pape JW, Klausner JD. P18.03 Rapid training and implementation of the pollock technique, a safe, rapid and effective newborn circumcision procedure, in a low-resource setting. Br J Vener Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2015-052270.626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Yoshida J, Wakabayashi T, Kito A, Kageyama N, Murata Y, Seo H, Kojima N, Yagi K. Clinical application of monoclonal antibodies against glioma-associated antigens. Prog Exp Tumor Res 2015; 30:44-56. [PMID: 3306800 DOI: 10.1159/000413661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Ito Y, Kojima N, Kitamura M, Hikiyama E, Suzuki A, Kurokawa M, Yamada S. Effects of saw palmetto on voiding function and bladder muscarinic receptors in rats. PharmaNutrition 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2013.11.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Okazawa A, Yoshida J, Kida N, Kashima I, Murata W, Enomoto M, Kojima N. Study on spin configuration in photoresponsive iron mixed-valence complexes by Mössbauer spectroscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10751-013-0934-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Otsuji E, Park Y, Tashiro K, Kojima N, Toyokuni T, Hakomori S. Inhibition of b16 melanoma metastasis by administration of g(m3)- or gg3- liposomes - blocking adhesion of melanoma-cells to endothelial-cells (antiadhesion therapy) via inhibition of g(m3)-gg3cer or g(m3)-laccer interaction. Int J Oncol 2012; 6:319-27. [PMID: 21556540 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.6.2.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cell (TC) metastasis is initiated by selective adhesion of TCs to target structures such as basement membrane and endotheliaI cells (ECs), followed by transvascular migration of TCs. Variants of murine B16 melanoma having different metastatic potentials (in the order BL6 greater than or equal to F10>F1>WA4) have been characterized by the same decreasing order of cell surface G(M3) expression level, relative adhesiveness to nonactivated ECs, and relative degree of G(M3)-dependent adhesion to Gg3Cer- or LacCer-coated plates. Degree of integrin-dependent cell adhesion and adhesion to IL-1-activated ECs was similar for BL6, F10, and F1. These results suggest that metastatic potential of these B16 variants is closely dependent on relative adhesion to nonactivated ECs, which is based on G(M3)-Gg3Cer or G(M3)-LacCer interaction. This possibility has been supported by further studies showing that blocking of G(M3)-dependent melanoma adhesion by mu M-order concentrations of G(M3) or Gg3Cer in liposomes, or by sialidase treatment of melanoma cells, strongly inhibited BL6 metastasis to lung. Paragloboside or sialylparagloboside did not affect G(M3)-dependent BL6 cell adhesion and did not inhibit metastasis. Spontaneous metastasis from subcutaneously-grown tumors was significantly reduced if G(M3)- or Gg3Cer-liposomes were intravenously injected during tumor growth. Thus, blocking of TC adhesion to nonactivated ECs based on carbohydrate-carbohydrate interaction may provide effective anti-adhesion therapy against tumor progression, in analogy to the antimetastatic effect produced by blocking of integrin-dependent cell adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Otsuji
- BIOMEMBRANE INST,SEATTLE,WA 98119. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT PATHOBIOL,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT MICROBIOL,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT CHEM,SEATTLE,WA 98195
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Yanazume Y, Dozono H, Iio K, Kojima N. M294 MOHS PASTE FOR MASSIVE GENITAL BLEEDING FROM UTERINE CERVIX OR VAGINAL STUMP IN GYNECOLOGICAL CANCER. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(12)61485-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Yamamoto K, Uchida S, Kitano K, Fukuhara N, Okumura-Kitajima L, Gunji E, Kozakai A, Tomoike H, Kojima N, Asami J, Toyoda H, Arai M, Takahashi T, Takahashi K. TS-071 is a novel, potent and selective renal sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor with anti-hyperglycaemic activity. Br J Pharmacol 2012; 164:181-91. [PMID: 21410690 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01340.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The renal sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) plays an important role in the reuptake of filtered glucose in the proximal tubule and therefore may be an attractive target for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. This study characterizes the pharmacological profile of TS-071 ((1S)-1,5-anhydro-1-[5-(4-ethoxybenzyl)-2-methoxy-4-methylphenyl]-1-thio-D-glucitol hydrate), a novel SGLT2 inhibitor in vitro and in vivo. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Inhibition of glucose uptake by TS-071 was studied in CHO-K1 cells stably expressing either human SGLT1 or SGLT2. Single oral dosing studies were performed in rats, mice and dogs to assess the abilities of TS-071 to increase urinary glucose excretion and to lower plasma glucose levels. KEY RESULTS TS-071 inhibited SGLT2 activity in a concentration-dependent manner and was a potent and highly selective inhibitor of SGLT2. Orally administered TS-071 increased urinary glucose excretion in Zucker fatty rats and beagle dogs at doses of 0.3 and 0.03 mg·kg(-1) respectively. TS-071 improved glucose tolerance in Zucker fatty rats without stimulating insulin secretion and reduced hyperglycaemia in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and db/db mice at a dose of 0.3 mg·kg(-1). CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS These data indicate that TS-071 is a potent and selective SGLT2 inhibitor that improves glucose levels in rodent models of type 1 and 2 diabetes and may be useful for the treatment for diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yamamoto
- Molecular Function and Pharmacology Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Saitama, Japan.
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Abstract
In this chapter, from the engineering point of view, we introduce the results from our group and related research on three typical configurations of engineered liver tissues; cell sheet-based tissues, sheet-like macroporous scaffold-based tissues, and tissues based on special scaffolds that comprise a flow channel network. The former two do not necessitate in vitro prevascularization and are thus promising in actual human clinical trials for liver diseases that can be recovered by relatively smaller tissue mass. The third approach can implant a much larger mass but is still not yet feasible. In all cases, oxygen supply is the key engineering factor. For the first configuration, direct oxygen supply using an oxygen-permeable polydimethylsiloxane membrane enables various liver cells to exhibit distinct behaviors, complete double layers of mature hepatocytes and fibroblasts, spontaneous thick tissue formation of hepatocarcinoma cells and fetal hepatocytes. Actual oxygen concentration at the cell level can be strictly controlled in this culture system. Using this property, we found that initially low then subsequently high oxygen concentrations were favorable to growth and maturation of fetal cells. For the second configuration, combination of poly-L: -lactic acid 3D scaffolds and appropriate growth factor cocktails provides a suitable microenvironment for the maturation of cells in vitro but the cell growth is limited to a certain distance from the inner surfaces of the macropores. However, implantation to the mesentery leaves of animals allows the cells again to proliferate and pack the remaining spaces of the macroporous structure, suggesting the high feasibility of 3D culture of hepatocyte progenitors for liver tissue-based therapies. For the third configuration, we proposed a design criterion concerning the dimensions of flow channels based on oxygen diffusion and consumption around the channel. Due to the current limitation in the resolution of 3D microfabrication processes, final cell densities were less than one-tenth of those of in vivo liver tissues; cells preferentially grew along the surfaces of the channels and this fact suggested the necessity of improved 3D fabrication technologies with higher resolution. In any case, suitable oxygen supply, meeting the cellular demand at physiological concentrations, was the most important factor that should be considered in engineering liver tissues. This enables cells to utilize aerobic respiration that produces almost 20 times more ATP from the same glucose consumption than anaerobic respiration (glycolysis). This also allows the cells to exhibit their maximum reorganization capability that cannot be observed in conventional anaerobic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Sakai
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Hamon M, Ozawa T, Montagne K, Kojima N, Ishii R, Yamaguchi S, Nagamune T, Ushida T, Sakai Y. Avidin–biotin-based approach to forming heterotypic cell clusters and cell sheets on a gas-permeable membrane. Biofabrication 2011; 3:034111. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5082/3/3/034111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Ueda K, Kojima N. Effects of neurotoxic metals and catecholamines on gene expression in vitro via oxidative and structural damage of DNA and MRNA. Toxicol Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.05.617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Takagi M, Kojima N, Yoshida T. Analysis of the ammonia metabolism of rat primary hepatocytes and a human hepatocyte cell line Huh 7. Cytotechnology 2011; 32:9-15. [PMID: 19002963 DOI: 10.1023/a:1008165027319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ammonia metabolism of ratprimary hepatocytes and a human hepatocyte cell line,Huh 7, at different concentrations of glutamine,glucose and ammonia was examined. During theincubation of the primary hepatocyte cells, glutamineand ammonia concentrations decreased, that of ureaincreased, and that of glucose remained the same. Inthe case of Huh 7 cells, glucose was consumed rapidly,the concentration of ammonia increased and that of urearemained the same. The major energy sources amongmedium components were glutamine for the primary cellsand glucose for Huh 7 cells, although the primaryhepatocytes may utilize intracellular glycogen asenergy source. As the glutamine concentration in theincubation medium increased, the specific rates of notonly glutamine consumption, but also ammonia productionby the primary cells and Huh 7 cells increased. Besides, specific urea production rate by the primarycells increased then. Increase of glucoseconcentration had no effect on glutamine and ammoniametabolism by both cells, although it increased glucoseconsumption by Huh 7 cells. The incubation of theprimary cells with higher ammonia concentrationincreased all specific rates of glutamine consumption,ammonia consumption and urea production. An increasein the ammonia concentration to 5 mM changed theammonia metabolism from production to consumption andincreased the specific glucose consumption rate. Consequently, increases in the glutamine and ammoniaconcentrations were revealed to have negative andpositive effects, respectively, on decreasing ammoniaconcentration by both of rat primary hepatocytes andHuh 7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Takagi
- International Center for Biotechnology, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565, Japan,
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Kojima N, Hanamura K, Yamazaki H, Ikeda T, Itohara S, Shirao T. Genetic disruption of the alternative splicing of drebrin gene impairs context-dependent fear learning in adulthood. Neuroscience 2010; 165:138-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2009] [Revised: 10/02/2009] [Accepted: 10/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Yanagawa K, Kawachi I, Toyoshima Y, Yokoseki A, Arakawa M, Hasegawa A, Ito T, Kojima N, Koike R, Tanaka K, Kosaka T, Tan CF, Kakita A, Okamoto K, Tsujita M, Sakimura K, Takahashi H, Nishizawa M. Pathologic and immunologic profiles of a limited form of neuromyelitis optica with myelitis. Neurology 2009; 73:1628-37. [PMID: 19917985 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181c1deb9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a demyelinating syndrome characterized by myelitis and optic neuritis. Detection of anti-NMO immunoglobulin G antibody that binds to aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channels allows the diagnosis of a limited form of NMO in the early stage with myelitis, but not optic neuritis. However, the detailed clinicopathologic features and long-term course of this limited form remain elusive. METHODS We investigated 8 patients with the limited form of NMO with myelitis in comparison with 9 patients with the definite form. RESULT All patients with limited and definite form showed uniform relapsing-remitting courses, with no secondary progressive courses. Pathologic findings of biopsy specimens from the limited form were identical to those of autopsy from the definite form, demonstrating extremely active demyelination of plaques, extensive loss of AQP4 immunoreactivity in plaques, and diffuse infiltration by macrophages containing myelin basic proteins with thickened hyalinized blood vessels. Moreover, the definite form at the nadir of relapses displayed significantly higher amounts of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1beta and IL-6 in CSF than the limited form and multiple sclerosis. CONCLUSION This consistency of pathologic findings and uniformity of courses indicates that aquaporin 4-specific autoantibodies as the initiator of the neuromyelitis optica (NMO) lesion consistently play an important common role in the pathogenicity through the entire course, consisting of both limited and definite forms, and NMO continuously displays homogeneity of pathogenic effector immune mechanisms through terminal stages, whereas multiple sclerosis should be recognized as the heterogeneous 2-stage disease that could switch from inflammatory to degenerative phase. This report is a significant description comparing the pathologic and immunologic data of limited NMO with those of definite NMO.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yanagawa
- Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
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Kawsar SMA, Matsumoto R, Fujii Y, Yasumitsu H, Dogasaki C, Hosono M, Nitta K, Hamako J, Matsui T, Kojima N, Ozeki Y. Purification and biochemical characterization of a D-galactose binding lectin from Japanese sea hare (Aplysia kurodai) eggs. Biochemistry (Mosc) 2009; 74:709-16. [PMID: 19747090 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297909070025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A lectin was purified from Japanese sea hare Aplysia kurodai by lactosyl-agarose affinity chromatography. The molecular mass of the lectin was determined to be 56 and 32 kDa by SDS-PAGE under non-reducing and reducing conditions, respectively. It was found to agglutinate trypsinized and glutaraldehyde-fixed rabbit and human erythrocytes in the absence of divalent cations. The lectin exhibited stable thermo-tolerance as it retained hemagglutinating activity for 1 h even at 80 degrees C and showed stability at pH 10. By contrast, it was very sensitive at pH less than 5 and in the presence of the sulfhydryl-group preserving reagent, beta-mercaptoethanol. The hemagglutinating activity by the lectin was specifically inhibited by D-galactose, galacturonic acid, methyl-alpha- and methyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside, lactose, melibiose, and asialofetuin. The association rate constant (k(ass)) and dissociation rate constant (k(diss)) were determined for the lectin to be 4.3 x 10(5) M(-1) x sec(-1) and 2.2 x 10(-3) sec(-1), respectively, using a surface plasmon resonance biosensor. The lectin moderately inhibited cell proliferation in the P388 cell line dose dependently. Interestingly, lectin-treated cells did not show a fragmented DNA ladder as is caused by apoptosis, suggesting that the cell proliferation inhibition was caused by another unknown mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M A Kawsar
- Laboratory of Marine Biochemistry, Department of Environmental Biosciences, International Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, 236-0027, Japan
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Fujii Y, Kawsar S, Matsumoto R, Yasumitsu H, Kojima N, Ozeki Y. Purification and Characterization of a D-Galactoside-Binding Lectin Purified from Bladder Moon Shell (Glossaulax didyma Roding). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.3923/jbs.2009.319.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Yoshida K, Horimukai K, Gocho N, Oishi T, Akashi M, Watanabe H, Kojima N, Takahashi K, Odajima H, Nishimura M. Nation-wide Prevalence Of Wheezing By Using ISAAC Questionnaire From Pre-school Children To Adolescents In Japan. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.12.835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Takagi H, Numazaki M, Kajiwara T, Abe Y, Ishii M, Kato C, Kojima N. Cooperation of specific ICAM-3 grabbing nonintegrin-related 1 (SIGNR1) and complement receptor type 3 (CR3) in the uptake of oligomannose-coated liposomes by macrophages. Glycobiology 2008; 19:258-66. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwn128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Abe Y, Kuroda Y, Kuboki N, Matsushita M, Yokoyama N, Kojima N. Contribution of Complement Component C3 and Complement Receptor Type 3 to Carbohydrate-dependent Uptake of Oligomannose-coated Liposomes by Peritoneal Macrophages. J Biochem 2008; 144:563-70. [DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvn101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Abstract
Despite its proven cytotoxicity, poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) resin is one of the most frequently and extensively used materials in dental practice. This study hypothesized that an anti-oxidant amino acid, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), has the potential to detoxify this material. Ten percent of the rat dental pulp cells were viable when cultured on the PMMA resin for 24 hours, while over 70% of the cells were viable on the NAC-added resin. Nearly all suppressed alkaline phosphatase activity, matrix mineralizing capability, and odontoblastic gene expression, such as dentin sialoprotein, on the untreated control resin was recovered by NAC in a concentration-dependent manner. A Ca/P ratio of 1.65 was found in the extracellular matrix of cultures on NAC-added resin, while that in the untreated resin culture was 0.70. The addition of NAC to PMMA resin significantly ameliorated its cytotoxicity to the dental pulp cells and restored their odontoblast-like cell phenotype to a biologically significant degree.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yamada
- Laboratory of Bone and Implant Sciences, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, Biomaterials and Hospital Dentistry, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1668, USA
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Song M, Kojima N, Hanamura K, Sekino Y, Inoue H, Mikuni M, Shirao T. Expression of drebrin E in migrating neuroblasts in adult rat brain: Coincidence between drebrin E disappearance from cell body and cessation of migration. Neuroscience 2008; 152:670-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.10.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2007] [Revised: 09/16/2007] [Accepted: 02/01/2008] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Kojima N, Hori M, Murata T, Morizane Y, Ozaki H. Different profiles of Ca2+ responses to endothelin-1 and PDGF in liver myofibroblasts during the process of cell differentiation. Br J Pharmacol 2007; 151:816-27. [PMID: 17533428 PMCID: PMC2014126 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0707269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Hepatic stellate cells play an important role in liver fibrosis but little is known about liver myofibroblasts located around the central vein and in the portal area. In this study, intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) was measured to assess the response to endothelin-1 (ET-1), platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) and ATP in rat liver myofibroblasts. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Rat liver myofibroblasts were compared in 'quiescent' (cultured on Matrigel-coated dishes) and 'activated' (cultured on non-coated plastic dishes) conditions. [Ca(2+)](i) was measured with the fluorescent dye fura-2 and mRNA for ET-1, PDGF and their receptors by RT-PCR. KEY RESULTS ET-1 increased [Ca(2+)](i) in quiescent cells but not in activated cells, whereas PDGF-BB increased [Ca(2+)](i) in activated cells but not in quiescent cells. However, there was no difference between responses to ATP in quiescent or activated cells. ET-1 (in quiescent cells), PDGF-BB (in activated cells) and ATP (in both cells) all induced transient increases in [Ca(2+)](i) in the absence of extracellular Ca(2+) (with EGTA), indicating the involvement of Ca(2+) release from intracellular Ca(2+) stores. The sustained increase in [Ca(2+)](i) in the presence of external Ca(2+) in activated cells (ATP and PDGF) was significantly reduced by nicardipine, a L-type Ca(2+) channel blocker, but not in quiescent cells (ATP and ET-1). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The different pharmacological profiles of [Ca(2+)](i)-response in quiescent and activated myofibroblasts suggest that ET-1 and PDGF contribute differently to myofibroblast activation during the process of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kojima
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Hori
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Murata
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Morizane
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Ozaki
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Author for correspondence:
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Shimizu Y, Takagi H, Nakayama T, Yamakami K, Tadakuma T, Yokoyama N, Kojima N. Intraperitoneal immunization with oligomannose-coated liposome-entrapped soluble leishmanial antigen induces antigen-specific T-helper type immune response in BALB/c mice through uptake by peritoneal macrophages. Parasite Immunol 2007; 29:229-39. [PMID: 17430546 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2007.00937.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study demonstrates that the intraperitoneal administration of soluble leishmanial antigen (SLA) entrapped in liposomes coated with neoglycolipids containing oligomannose residues (mannopentaose or mannotriose) strongly induces an antigen-specific T-helper type 1 (Th1) immune response in BALB/c mice. In response to in vitro stimulation with SLA, spleen cells from mice that had received oligomannose-coated liposomes encasing SLA (SLA-OML) displayed greater interferon (IFN)-gamma and interleukin (IL)-2 production and lower IL-4 and IL-5 production than spleen cells from mice that had received SLA alone, indicating that the SLA-specific Th1 immune response had predominantly been induced in the mice that had received SLA-OML. After subsequent infection with Leishmania major, mice that had received SLA-OML were effectively protected against the disease, with a predominant production of IFN-gamma. OML were preferentially and rapidly incorporated into peritoneal macrophages, and the transplantation of macrophages containing SLA-OML into the peritoneal cavity also induced protection against L. major infection. Thus, SLA-OML were shown to successfully induce a specific Th1 immune response capable of controlling L. major infection in BALB/c mice through the effective uptake of OML by peritoneal macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Shimizu
- Institute of Glycotechnology, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
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Ohya Y, Watanabe H, Kojima N, Katsunuma T, Kondo N, Akasawa A. Impact of Pediatric Asthma and Treatment on Care-givers Visiting Specialist Clinics in Japan. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.11.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Borlikova G, Arai M, Kojima N, Endo S. Comprehensive behavioral characterization of mice lacking ICER, an endogenous antagonist of CREB. Neurosci Res 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2007.06.493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Akasawa A, Akashi M, Aota A, Saito A, Kojima N, Futamura M, Ohya Y, Adachi Y, Odajima H, Takahashi K, Nakagawa T, Akiyama K. The First Nationwide Survey of Asthma Prevalence in Japan using ISAAC and ECRHS questionnaire. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Arai M, Borlikova G, Kojima N, Endo S. Overexpression of ICER, an endogenous antagonist of CREB, impairs fear memory. Neurosci Res 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2007.06.495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Kojima N, Takeda Y, Akashi M, Akasawa A. Educational Asthma Summer Camp Including Exercise Challenge Test Improved Adherence. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.12.490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Shimizu H, Okubo M, Nakamoto A, Enomoto M, Kojima N. Enhancement of the Curie Temperature by Isomerization of Diarylethene (DAE) for an Organic−Inorganic Hybrid System: Co4(OH)7(DAE)0.5·3H2O. Inorg Chem 2006; 45:10240-7. [PMID: 17140232 DOI: 10.1021/ic061498u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Intercalation of an organic photochromic molecule into layered magnetic systems may provide multifunctional properties such as photomagnetism. To build up a photosensitive multifunctional magnet, an organic-inorganic hybrid system coupled with a photochromic diarylethene anion, 2,2'-dimethyl-3,3'-(perfluorocyclopentene-1,2-diyl)bis(benzo[b]thiophene-6-sulfonate) (DAE), and cobalt LDHs (layered double hydroxides), Co4(OH)7(DAE)0.5.3H2O, was synthesized by the anion exchange reaction between Co2(OH)3(CH3COO).H2O and DAE. In the dark and under UV-irradiated (313 nm) conditions, Co4(OH)7(DAE)0.5.3H2O with open and closed forms of DAE were obtained, respectively. The magnetic susceptibility measurements elucidated ferromagnetic intra- and interlayer interactions and Curie temperatures of TC = 9 and 20 K for cobalt LDHs with the open and closed forms of DAE, respectively. The enhancement of the Curie temperature from 9 to 20 K by substitution of the open form of DAE with the closed form of DAE as an intercalated molecule is attributed to the delocalization of the pi-electrons in the closed form of DAE, which enhances the interlayer magnetic interaction. The enhancement of the interlayer magnetic interaction induced by the delocalization of pi-electrons in intercalated molecules is strongly supported by the fact that the Curie temperature (26.0 K) of cobalt LDHs with (E,E)-2,4-hexadienedioate having a conjugated pi-electron system is enormously higher than that (7.0 K) of the cobalt LDHs with hexanedioate. By UV irradiation at 313 nm, Co4(OH)7(DAE)0.5.3H2O shows the photoisomerization of DAE from the open form to the closed one in the solid state, which leads to the enhancement of Curie temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Shimizu
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Komaba 3-8-1, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
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Kojima N, Ohya Y, Futamura M, Akashi M, Akiyama K, Takahashi K, Nakagawa T, Kobayashi F, Eboshida A, Nakamura H, Odajima H, Adachi Y, Akasawa A. Impaired Quality of Life in Child Asthmatics in Tokyo, Japan. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2005.12.558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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48
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Akashi M, Ohya Y, Futamura M, Kojima N, Narita M, Akiyama K, Takahashi K, Nakagawa T, Kobayashi F, Eboshida A, Nakamura H, Odajima H, Adachi Y, Akasawa A. The First Nation-Wide Survey on the Prevalence of Asthma for School Children by Using ISAAC Questionnaire in Japan. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2005.12.1104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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49
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Ohya Y, Akashi M, Futamura M, Kojima N, Saitoh A, Aota A, Akasawa A. Geographical and Socio-Economical Factors Enhance Regional Variation of the Prevalence of Atopic Dermatitis in Japan. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2005.12.932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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50
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Aota A, Ohya Y, Saitoh A, Futamura M, Akashi M, Kojima N, Akiyama K, Takahashi K, Nakagawa T, Kobayashi F, Eboshida A, Nakamura H, Odajima H, Adachi Y, Akasawa A. Nation-wide Prevalence of Symptoms of Asthma and Wheezing in all Age Groups of Japanese Population Sampled by a Modified Random Digit Dialing Method. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2005.12.859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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