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Alcusky M, Thomas RB, Jafari N, Keith SW, Kee A, Del Canale S, Lombardi M, Maio V. Reduction in unplanned hospitalizations associated with a physician focused intervention to reduce potentially inappropriate medication use among older adults: a population-based cohort study. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:218. [PMID: 33789589 PMCID: PMC8011227 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02172-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A multimodal general practitioner-focused intervention in the Local Health Authority (LHA) of Parma, Italy, substantially reduced the prevalence of potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) use among older adults. Our objective was to estimate changes in hospitalization rates associated with the Parma LHA quality improvement initiative that reduced PIM use. Methods This population-based longitudinal cohort study was conducted among older residents (> 65 years) using the Parma LHA administrative healthcare database. Crude and adjusted unplanned hospitalization rates were estimated in 3 periods (pre-intervention: 2005–2008, intervention: 2009–2010, post-intervention: 2011–2014). Multivariable negative binomial models estimated trends in quarterly hospitalization rates among individuals at risk during each period using a piecewise linear spline for time, adjusted for time-dependent and time-fixed covariates. Results The pre-intervention, intervention, and post-intervention periods included 117,061, 107,347, and 121,871 older adults and had crude hospitalization rates of 146.2 (95% CI: 142.2–150.3), 146.8 (95% CI: 143.6–150.0), and 140.8 (95% CI: 136.9–144.7) per 1000 persons per year, respectively. The adjusted pre-intervention hospitalization rate was declining by 0.7% per quarter (IRR = 0.993; 95% CI: 0.991–0.995). The hospitalization rate declined more than twice as fast during the intervention period (1.8% per quarter, IRR = 0.982; 95% CI: 0.979–0.985) and was nearly constant post-intervention (IRR: 0.999; 95% CI: 0.997–1.001). Contrasting model predictions for the intervention period (Q1 2009 to Q4 2010), the intervention was associated with 1481 avoided hospitalizations. Conclusion In a large population of older adults, a multimodal general practitioner-focused intervention to decrease PIM use was associated with a decline in the unplanned hospitalization rate. Such interventions to reduce high risk medication use among older adults warrant consideration by health systems seeking to improve health outcomes and reduce high-cost acute care utilization. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12877-021-02172-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alcusky
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Albert Sherman Building, 6th Floor, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, USA.
| | - R B Thomas
- Jefferson College of Population Health, Thomas Jefferson University, 901 Walnut St., 10th Floor, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - N Jafari
- Center for Research in Medical Education and Health Care, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - S W Keith
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - A Kee
- Jefferson College of Population Health, Thomas Jefferson University, 901 Walnut St., 10th Floor, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - S Del Canale
- Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Parma (Local Health Authority of Parma), Parma, Italy
| | - M Lombardi
- Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Parma (Local Health Authority of Parma), Parma, Italy
| | - V Maio
- Jefferson College of Population Health, Thomas Jefferson University, 901 Walnut St., 10th Floor, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
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Abdolahnejad A, Gheisari L, Karimi M, Norastehfar N, Ebrahimpour K, Mohammadi A, Ghanbari R, Ebrahimi A, Jafari N. Monitoring and health risk assessment of phthalate esters in household’s drinking water of Isfahan, Iran. Int J Environ Sci Technol 2019; 16:7409-7416. [DOI: 10.1007/s13762-018-2143-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
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Abstract
AbstractIn this paper, the effect of boron dilution transient, as a consequence of the malfunction of the boron control system, was investigated in a VVER-1000 reactor, and then an appropriate setpoint was determined for the actuation of the emergency protection system to the reactor shutdown. In order to simulate the boron dilution, first, the whole reactor core was simulated by MCNPX code to compute the radial and axial power distribution. Then, the COBRA-EN code was employed using calculated power distribution for analyzing the thermal-hydraulic of hot fuel assembly and for extracting the safety parameters. For the safe operation of the reactor, certain parameters must be in defined specified ranges. Comparison between our results and FSARs data shows that the present modeling provides a good prediction of boron dilution transient with the maximum relative difference about 4%.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Jafari
- 1Department of Energy Engineering and Physics, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran Polytechnic, 424 Hafez Avenue, P.O. Box 15875–4413 Tehran, Iran
| | - S. Talebi
- 2PhD student at AmirKabir University, Department of Energy Engineering and Physics, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran Polytechnic, 424 Hafez Avenue, Tehran, Iran, E-mail:
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Jeddian A, Lindenmeyer A, Marshall T, Howard A, Sayadi L, Rashidian A, Jafari N. Implementation of a critical care outreach service: a qualitative study. Int Nurs Rev 2017; 64:353-362. [DOI: 10.1111/inr.12377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Jeddian
- Digestive Disease Research Institute; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - A. Lindenmeyer
- Qualitative Methods; Institute of Applied Health Research; University of Birmingham; Birmingham UK
| | - T. Marshall
- Public Health & Primary Care; Institute of Applied Health Research; University of Birmingham; Birmingham UK
| | - A.F. Howard
- School of Nursing; The University of British Columbia; Vancouver BC Canada
| | - L. Sayadi
- School of Nursing and Midwifery; Nursing & Midwifery Care Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - A. Rashidian
- School of Public Health; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - N. Jafari
- Digestive Disease Research Institute; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
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Zendehdel M, Mobinikhaledi A, Alikhani H, Jafari N. Preparation of Heteropoly Acid/Porous Hybrid Materials and Investigation of their Catalytic Behavior in the Synthesis of Perimidine. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201000095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Runia TF, Jafari N, Hintzen RQ. Application of the 2010 revised criteria for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis to patients with clinically isolated syndromes. Eur J Neurol 2013; 20:1510-6. [DOI: 10.1111/ene.12243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. F. Runia
- Department of Neurology; Erasmus MC University Hospital Rotterdam; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - N. Jafari
- Department of Neurology; Erasmus MC University Hospital Rotterdam; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - R. Q. Hintzen
- Department of Neurology; Erasmus MC University Hospital Rotterdam; Rotterdam The Netherlands
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Zheng X, Naiditch J, Czurylo M, Jie C, Lautz T, Clark S, Jafari N, Qiu Y, Chu F, Madonna MB. Differential effect of long-term drug selection with doxorubicin and vorinostat on neuroblastoma cells with cancer stem cell characteristics. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e740. [PMID: 23887631 PMCID: PMC3730434 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Revised: 06/08/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies have confirmed that cancer stem cells (CSCs) are more resistant to chemotherapy; however, there is a paucity of data exploring the effect of long-term drug treatment on the CSC sub-population. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether long-term doxorubicin treatment could expand the neuroblastoma cells with CSC characteristics and histone acetylation could affect stemness gene expression during the development of drug resistance. Using n-myc amplified SK-N-Be(2)C and non-n-myc amplified SK-N-SH human neuroblastoma cells, our laboratory generated doxorubicin-resistant cell lines in parallel over 1 year; one cell line intermittently treated with the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) vorinostat and the other without exposure to HDACi. Cells' sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs, the ability to form tumorspheres, and capacity for in vitro invasion were examined. Cell-surface markers and side populations (SPs) were analyzed using flow cytometry. Differentially expressed stemness genes were identified through whole genome analysis and confirmed with real-time PCR. Our results indicated that vorinostat increased the sensitivity of only SK-N-Be(2)C-resistant cells to chemotherapy, made cells lose the ability to form tumorspheres, and reduced in vitro invasion and the SP percentage. CD133 was not enriched in doxorubicin-resistant or vorinostat-treated doxorubicin-resistant cells. Nine stemness-linked genes (ABCB1, ABCC4, LMO2, SOX2, ERCC5, S100A10, IGFBP3, TCF3, and VIM) were downregulated in vorinostat-treated doxorubicin-resistant SK-N-Be(2)C cells relative to doxorubicin-resistant cells. A sub-population of cells with CSC characteristics is enriched during prolonged drug selection of n-myc amplified SK-N-Be(2)C neuroblastoma cells. Vorinostat treatment affects the reversal of drug resistance in SK-N-Be(2)C cells and may be associated with downregulation of stemness gene expression. This work may be valuable for clinicians to design treatment protocols specific for different neuroblastoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Zheng
- Cancer Biology, Children's Hospital of Chicago Research Center, Ann & Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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Parada M, Jafari N, Pfaus J. Sexual experience blocks the ability of clitoral stimulation to induce a conditioned place preference in the rat. Physiol Behav 2013; 119:97-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2013.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2013] [Revised: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Loghmani A, Jafari N, Zamani A, Farajzadegan Z, Bahrami F, Emami H. Abstract P2-12-10: Psycho-spiritual therapy for improving the quality of life and spiritual well-being of women with breast cancer. Cancer Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs12-p2-12-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective: Psychological distress and morbidity are common consequences of diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer and associated with poor quality of life (QOL). Among several approaches, spirituality has been shown to be significantly associated with improving the quality of life of these patients. The aim of this study was to assess the role of psycho-spiritual therapy intervention in improving the quality of life and spiritual well-being of patients with breast cancer.
Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial study which was conducted in the Breast Cancer Research Center, St. S. Al-Shohada hospital, Isfahan, Iran. Sixty-eight patients with breast cancer were randomized to either psycho-spiritual therapy intervention group or control group who received routine management and educational programs. Before and after 6 weeks of psycho-spiritual therapy sessions, the quality of life was evaluated using Cancer quality-of-life questionnaire (QLQ-C30) and its supplementary breast cancer questionnaire (QLQ-BR23) and Spiritual well-being was measured using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy Spiritual Well-being scale (FACIT-Sp12). Multivariate, repeated-measures ANOVA, T-test and Paired T-test were used for analysis using Predictive Analytic Soft Ware (PASW, version 18) for windows.
Results: In all sixty five patients actually completed the six-week intervention and were evaluated for the outcomes. The mean Global health status score/QOL reached from 44.37 (SD: 13.03) to 68.63 (SD: 10.86), (p < 0.001), (Cohen's d effect size: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.56–2.78). There was a statistically significant difference in all functional scales of QLQ-C30 (p < 0.05) as well as spiritual well-being after intervention. (p = 0.02)
Conclusions: The results of this trial showed that the psycho-spiritual therapy program can improve the spiritual well-being and QOL of women with breast cancer. This program, with its ease of implementation and home practice, could be adopted in comprehensive care programs for women with breast cancer.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-12-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Loghmani
- Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran; University of Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - N Jafari
- Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran; University of Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - A Zamani
- Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran; University of Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Z Farajzadegan
- Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran; University of Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - F Bahrami
- Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran; University of Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - H Emami
- Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran; University of Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran
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Jafari N, Hadavi E. GROWTH AND ESSENTIAL OIL YIELD OF DILL (ANETHUM GRAVEOLENS) AS AFFECTED BY FOLIAR SPRAYS OF CITRIC ACID AND MALIC ACID. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.2012.955.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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11
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Ghoreishi SM, Behpour M, Jafari N, Golestaneh M. Electrochemical Determination of Tyrosine in the Presence of Dopamine and Uric Acid at the Surface of Gold Nanoparticles Modified Carbon Paste Electrode. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201100654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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12
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Hinchcliff M, Huang CC, Ishida W, Fang F, Lee J, Jafari N, Wilkes M, Bhattacharyya S, Leof E, Varga J. Imatinib mesylate causes genome-wide transcriptional changes in systemic sclerosis fibroblasts in vitro. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2012; 30:S86-96. [PMID: 22691216 PMCID: PMC3860597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a heterogeneous multifactorial disease dominated by progressive skin and internal organ fibrosis that is driven in part by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β). An important downstream target of TGF-β is the Abelson (c-Abl) tyrosine kinase, and its inhibition by imatinib mesylate (Gleevec) attenuates fibrosis in mice. Here we examined the effect of c-Abl activation and blockade in explanted healthy control and SSc fibroblasts. METHODS Skin biopsies and explanted fibroblasts from healthy subjects and patients with SSc were studied. Changes in genome-wide expression patterns in imatinib-treated control and SSc fibroblasts were analysed by DNA microarray. RESULTS Treatment of control fibroblasts with TGF-β resulted in activation of c-Abl and stimulation of fibrotic gene expression that was prevented by imatinib. Moreover, imatinib reduced basal collagen gene expression in SSc but not control fibroblasts. No significant differences in tissue levels of c-Abl and phospho-c-Abl were detected between SSc and control skin biopsies. In vitro, imatinib induced dramatic changes in the expression of genes involved in fibrosis, cardiovascular disease, inflammation, and lipid and cholesterol metabolism. Remarkably, of the 587-imatinib-responsive genes, 91% showed significant change in SSc fibroblasts, but only 12% in control fibroblasts. CONCLUSIONS c-Abl plays a key role in fibrotic responses. Imatinib treatment results in dramatic changes in gene expression in SSc fibroblasts but has only modest effects in control fibroblasts. These data provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying the antifibrotic effect of imatinib in SSc.
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Jafari N, Farajzadegan Z, Zamani A, Bahrami F, Emami H, Loghmani A. P-1149 - The effect of psycho-spiritual therapy for improving the quality of life of women with breast cancer: a randomized controlled trial. Eur Psychiatry 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(12)75316-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Khayyati F, Motlagh ME, Kabir MJ, Kazemeini H, gharibi F, Jafari N. The role of family physician in case finding, referral, and insurance coverage in the rural areas. Iran J Public Health 2011; 40:136-9. [PMID: 23113096 PMCID: PMC3481641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2011] [Accepted: 08/16/2011] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND WHO suggest that family physician is the core in the world efforts for quality improvement, cost effectiveness, and equity in the health care systems. This study evaluates the impact of the program on accessibility of the services, case finding, patient referral, feedback process and insurance coverage in the rural health units. METHODS This study was quasi experimental. It compared the function of four health centers and eight health houses in the last three months of year 2004 with 2008. Data extracted from the available documents in the health units. Descriptive and analytical analysis was performed by using SPSS software. RESULTS The presence of physicians in health centers were 75 and 100 percent for 2004 and 2008 respectively, this rate for midwives were 50 and 100 percent for the same years respectively. The total referral cases to the hospitals were 2676, the feedback rate was recorded in 36% of the cases. In this case the follow up rate by physicians was 0% in 2004 and 3.17% in 2008. Insurance coverage rate was 27% and 97% for 2004 and 2008 respectively within a meaningful P value range at 95% CI. CONCLUSION The findings of this study show that the family physician program has the positive impact on function of health units in terms of availability of physicians and midwives and also insurance coverage at health centers in rural area, No impact on patient follow up and case referral rate was detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Khayyati
- Dept. of Public Health, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - M Esmaeil Motlagh
- Population and Family Health Office, Deputy for Health, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - MJ Kabir
- Social Medicine Group, Faculty of Medicine, Gurgan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - H Kazemeini
- PHC Center, Deputy for Health, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding author: E-mail:
| | - F gharibi
- Research Management Unit, Deputy for Education and Research, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - N Jafari
- PHC Center, Deputy for Health, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
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Soori H, Akbarpour S, Jafari N, Khosravi A, Ainy E. P1-339 Pattern of drowning and its burden in North Coast of Iran. Br J Soc Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2011.142976f.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Zendehdel K, Marzban M, Nahvijou A, Jafari N. P2-342 Geographical pattern and epidemiology of stomach cancer mortality in Iran. Br J Soc Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2011.142976k.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Sombekke MH, Jafari N, Bendfeldt K, Mueller-Lenke N, Radue EW, Naegelin Y, Kappos L, Matthews PM, Polman CH, Barkhof F, Hintzen R, Geurts JJG. No influence of KIF1B on neurodegenerative markers in multiple sclerosis. Neurology 2011; 76:1843-5. [PMID: 21606458 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e31821cccd4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M H Sombekke
- Department of Neurology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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Hui F, Hussain M, Spiotta A, Bhalla T, Toth G, Moskowitz S, Elgabaly M, Sivapatham T, Jafari N, Rasmussen P. E-011 Merci retrievers as access adjuncts for reperfusion catheters: the grappling hook technique. J Neurointerv Surg 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2011-010097.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Layden BT, Durai V, Newman MV, Marinelarena AM, Ahn CW, Feng G, Lin S, Zhang X, Kaufman DB, Jafari N, Sørensen GL, Lowe WL. Regulation of pancreatic islet gene expression in mouse islets by pregnancy. J Endocrinol 2010; 207:265-79. [PMID: 20847227 DOI: 10.1677/joe-10-0298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic β cells adapt to pregnancy-induced insulin resistance by unclear mechanisms. This study sought to identify genes involved in β cell adaptation during pregnancy. To examine changes in global RNA expression during pregnancy, murine islets were isolated at a time point of increased β cell proliferation (E13.5), and RNA levels were determined by two different assays (global gene expression array and G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) array). Follow-up studies confirmed the findings for select genes. Differential expression of 110 genes was identified and follow-up studies confirmed the changes in select genes at both the RNA and protein level. Surfactant protein D (SP-D) mRNA and protein levels exhibited large increases, which were confirmed in murine islets. Cytokine-induced expression of SP-D in islets was also demonstrated, suggesting a possible role as an anti-inflammatory molecule. Complementing these studies, an expression array was performed to define pregnancy-induced changes in expression of GPCRs that are known to impact islet cell function and proliferation. This assay, the results of which were confirmed using real-time reverse transcription-PCR assays, demonstrated that free fatty acid receptor 2 and cholecystokinin receptor A mRNA levels were increased at E13.5. This study has identified multiple novel targets that may be important for the adaptation of islets to pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- B T Layden
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Tarry 15, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
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Hong H, Shi L, Su Z, Ge W, Jones WD, Czika W, Miclaus K, Lambert CG, Vega SC, Zhang J, Ning B, Liu J, Green B, Xu L, Fang H, Perkins R, Lin SM, Jafari N, Park K, Ahn T, Chierici M, Furlanello C, Zhang L, Wolfinger RD, Goodsaid F, Tong W. Assessing sources of inconsistencies in genotypes and their effects on genome-wide association studies with HapMap samples. Pharmacogenomics J 2010; 10:364-74. [PMID: 20368714 PMCID: PMC2928027 DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2010.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2009] [Accepted: 02/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The discordance in results of independent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) indicates the potential for Type I and Type II errors. We assessed the repeatibility of current Affymetrix technologies that support GWAS. Reasonable reproducibility was observed for both raw intensity and the genotypes/copy number variants. We also assessed consistencies between different SNP arrays and between genotype calling algorithms. We observed that the inconsistency in genotypes was generally small at the specimen level. To further examine whether the differences from genotyping and genotype calling are possible sources of variation in GWAS results, an association analysis was applied to compare the associated SNPs. We observed that the inconsistency in genotypes not only propagated to the association analysis, but was amplified in the associated SNPs. Our studies show that inconsistencies between SNP arrays and between genotype calling algorithms are potential sources for the lack of reproducibility in GWAS results.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hong
- Division of Systems Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Current MRI criteria can help predict a second attack after a clinically isolated syndrome (CIS). Given the known association between corpus callosum lesions (CC) and multiple sclerosis (MS), such lesions on MRI could provide additional predictive information. This study assessed whether the presence of CC lesion on MRI could, next to the modified Barkhof criteria, further enhance prediction of conversion from CIS to MS. METHODS Follow-up study of 158 patients with CIS who underwent MRI after CIS was performed. MRI were scored for the Barkhof criteria and CC lesion. Patients were classified as having MS according to Poser criteria. Cox regression models were used for the time to conversion from CIS to MS. RESULTS The Barkhof criteria and CC lesion were strongly associated with conversion to MS with hazard ratios (HR), respectively, of 2.6 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.5-4.3) and 2.7 (95% CI 1.6-4.5). The HRs of CC lesion adjusted for the Barkhof criteria and the Barkhof criteria adjusted for CC lesion were similar (HRs 1.8, not significant). The combined prediction of the Barkhof criteria and CC lesion was 3.3 (95% CI 1.9-5.7). Patients not fulfilling the Barkhof criteria had a fourfold increased risk of MS (HR 3.8, 95% CI 1.5-9.3) when they had a lesion in the CC. CONCLUSIONS Corpus callosum (CC) lesion and the Barkhof criteria both predicted conversion to multiple sclerosis (MS). When both variables were combined, the association was stronger. The assessment of CC lesion may be a useful additional tool for predicting conversion to MS in patients with clinically isolated syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Jafari
- Department of Neurology, MS Centre ErasMS, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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23
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Mirzaei K, Hossein-Nezhad A, Javad Hosseinzadeh-Attar M, Jafari N, Najmafshar A, Mohammadzadeh N, Larijani B. Visfatin genotype may modify the insulin resistance and lipid profile in type 2 diabetes patients. MINERVA ENDOCRINOL 2009; 34:273-279. [PMID: 20046156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM We investigated the role of the -4689G/T promoter variant of the visfatin gene on serum visfatin concentration and biochemical markers in T2DM patient. METHODS In a cross-sectional study we recruited 93 patients with type 2 diabetes. Laboratory and anthropometric measurements were included FBG, OGTT, HbA1C, lipid Profile, fasting serum visfatin, fasting serum insulin, weight, height, Body Mass Index (BMI) and waist hip ratio (WHR). Genotyping for visfatin gene was performed by using the PCR-RFLP method. RESULTS Our findings showed significant differences in levels of low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and fasting serum insulin among various types of visfatin genotype (TT, GG, and GT). This study showed a significant correlation between circulating levels of visfatin and weight, BMI, hs-CRP and fasting insulin in TT genotype. But regarding GG genotype only fasting insulin had a significant correlation with circulating visfatin. CONCLUSIONS Visfatin genotypes may account for insulin resistance and levels of lipid profile that may cause by different visfatin expression between genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Mirzaei
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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24
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Sharov I, Millet B, Jafari N. [Treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorders]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2009; 109:99-103. [PMID: 19708283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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26
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Dmowski WP, Rana N, Jafari N. Postlaparoscopic small bowel obstruction secondary to unrecognized nodular endometriosis of the terminal ileum. J Am Assoc Gynecol Laparosc 2001; 8:161-6. [PMID: 11172135 DOI: 10.1016/s1074-3804(05)60569-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Small bowel involvement by endometriosis occurs in about 0.5% of patients, but nodular endometriosis involving the entire wall of the terminal ileum is extremely rare. Endometriotic nodules protruding into the intestinal lumen may lead to chronic, partial, or acute complete small bowel obstruction and associated clinical changes. If obstruction is partial, preoperative diagnosis is difficult and seldom suspected, and no reliable diagnostic tests are available. At laparoscopic surgery, performed typically for associated pelvic endometriosis, bowel lesions may easily be overlooked, especially in women with abdominal adhesions from earlier surgery. Surgical injury, tension tears, or postoperative edema may contribute in such cases to the development of acute, complete small bowel obstruction, which may be difficult to differentiate from postoperative ileus. The patient may deteriorate rapidly and develop abdominal sepsis and multiple organ failure with high risk of mortality. Because of increased production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha by autologous monocytes, endometriosis may predispose to development of severe sepsis and septic shock. (J Am Assoc Gynecol Laparosc 8(1):161-166, 2001)
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Affiliation(s)
- W P Dmowski
- Institute for the Study and Treatment of Endometriosis, 2425 West 22nd Street, Oak Brook, IL 60523, USA
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27
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Morris TA, Jafari N, DeLorenzo RJ. Chronic DeltaFosB expression and increased AP-1 transcription factor binding are associated with the long term plasticity changes in epilepsy. Brain Res Mol Brain Res 2000; 79:138-49. [PMID: 10925151 DOI: 10.1016/s0169-328x(00)00112-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
NMDA receptor activation during status epilepticus (SE) has previously been shown to be required for epileptogenesis as well as the persistent upregulation of serum response factor (SRF) in the in vivo pilocarpine model of epilepsy. SRF is established as a regulator of the FosB gene which expresses FosB and DeltaFosB components of the AP-1 transcription factor complex. Therefore we investigated whether DeltaFosB expression and AP-1 DNA binding were also persistently elevated in pilocarpine-treated rats which chronically displayed spontaneous seizures. Using hippocampal nuclear extracts, DeltaFosB expression and AP-1 DNA binding were significantly elevated for up to one year in the epileptic animals. The expression of other fos and jun proteins was not persistently altered in epilepsy. Neuronal upregulation of DeltaFosB was correlated with regions of the brain that were involved in seizure generation and propagation. The increase in AP-1 DNA binding was shown to be dependent on NMDA receptor activation during SE. Hippocampal DeltaFosB immunostaining was seen predominately in the neuronal nuclei as opposed to other cell types. The data indicate that recurrent seizures which persistently occur in this model were not responsible for the increased DeltaFosB expression. Chronic DeltaFosB expression in epilepsy may be playing a role in the altered expression of other genes in this model and may be involved in some of the neuronal plasticity changes associated with epileptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Morris
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Virginia at Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298, USA
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28
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Mathura JR, Jafari N, Chang JT, Hackett SF, Wahlin KJ, Della NG, Okamoto N, Zack DJ, Campochiaro PA. Bone morphogenetic proteins-2 and -4: negative growth regulators in adult retinal pigmented epithelium. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2000; 41:592-600. [PMID: 10670493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the relative level and localization of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-4 mRNA in the retina and retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) under normal and pathologic conditions, to seek clues regarding possible functions. METHODS Clones isolated from an RPE cDNA library were sequenced and used as probes for northern blot analysis. Expression in the retina and RPE was investigated in mouse models using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and in situ hybridization. The effect of recombinant proteins on RPE proliferation was investigated by thymidine incorporation. RESULTS Bovine clones with high homology to BMP-2 and BMP4 were isolated from a subtracted RPE cDNA library. Northern blot analysis using the clones as probes demonstrated abundant and differential expression in adult bovine RPE, but with RT-PCR and in situ hybridization, expression was also demonstrated in mouse retinal neurons. In mice with oxygen-induced ischemic retinopathy there was a striking decrease in BMP-4 mRNA in the retina within 6 hours of the onset of hypoxia that was maintained for at least 5 days. In mice with inherited photoreceptor degeneration, there was a dramatic decrease in BMP4 mRNA in retina and RPE during and after the degeneration. mRNA for the type II BMP receptor was observed in freshly isolated and cultured RPE cells, isolated retina, and freshly isolated bovine aortic endothelial cells. Thymidine incorporation in early-passage RPE cells showed a 14-fold stimulation above control with 5% serum that was decreased to 322%, 393%, and 313% in the presence of BMP-2 (10 ng/ml), BMP4 (10 ng/ml), and transforming growth factor (TGF)-,1 (2 ng/ml), respectively. CONCLUSIONS BMP-2 and BMP-4 may serve as negative growth regulators in the retina and RPE that are downregulated by injury, to allow tissue repair. Modulation of expression of the BMPs may provide a means to control the exaggerated wound repair that occurs in proliferative retinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Mathura
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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29
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Morris TA, Jafari N, Rice AC, Vasconcelos O, DeLorenzo RJ. Persistent increased DNA-binding and expression of serum response factor occur with epilepsy-associated long-term plasticity changes. J Neurosci 1999; 19:8234-43. [PMID: 10493724 PMCID: PMC6783053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/1999] [Accepted: 07/16/1999] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that NMDA receptor activation during status epilepticus (SE) is required to produce epilepsy in in vitro and in vivo models. As in human symptomatic epilepsy, the epilepsy in these models is permanent, suggesting that the pathological activation of NMDA receptors causes permanent plasticity changes in the brain. Ca(2+) influx through NMDA receptors is known to transiently activate a key transcription factor, serum response factor (SRF). Thus, we investigated whether this factor, in terms of its expression and ability to bind to the consensus serum response element, was altered long term in the pilocarpine model of epilepsy. In hippocampal nuclear extracts, SRF binding to DNA was significantly increased over saline-injected control rats at 24 hr and at 8 weeks after the onset of SE. This increase was shown to be the result of significantly elevated levels of SRF. DNA binding was also persistently increased in the cortical, but not in the cerebellar, extracts. Hippocampal expression of SRF was localized to neurons using immunohistochemistry. NMDA receptor activation during SE was required for these changes to take place, and the spontaneous seizures seen in epileptic rats did not appear to be responsible for the increase in SRF. The results demonstrate that SRF is persistently elevated after SE in the pilocarpine model of epilepsy and support the theory that long-term gene changes in this model occur and are associated with the long-lasting plasticity changes that are initiated during epileptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Morris
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, USA
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Abstract
Pericardial interventions for the diagnosis and treatment of pericardial disease has been evolving since the 17th century. The controversy over opened or closed procedures, the optimal guidance modality, and techniques for the creation of pericardial windows continues to be debated. This report describes two patients who received the endoscopic approach to creating a pericardial window.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Selig
- Division of Cardiology, Sacred Heart Hospital, Allentown, Pennsylvania
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Selig MB, Jafari N. Anomalous origin of the left main coronary artery from the right coronary artery ostium-interarterial subtype: angiographic definition and surgical treatment. Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn 1994; 31:41-7. [PMID: 8118858 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.1810310110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Coronary artery anomalies occur infrequently compared to atherosclerotic disease; however, when they do occur, they can pose difficulty with coronary visualization and identification. Ectopic origin of the left mainstem coronary artery from the right sinus of Valsalva coursing between the great vessels is the rarest subtype of these anomalies, can be potentially serious, and presents unique problems for surgical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Selig
- Division of Cardiology, Muhlenberg Hospital Center, Bethlehem, PA 18017
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Jafari N, Kumar M, Donnelly JC, Afshari M. Removal of a foreign body from the esophagus. Del Med J 1981; 53:443-5. [PMID: 7338286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Jafari N, Majid NK, Oz M, Davies AL. Mycotic carotid aneurysm. Del Med J 1980; 52:11-3. [PMID: 6892699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Jafari N, Christ M, Menaker GJ, Sheridan JT. Villous adenoma of appendix--report of a case and review of the literature. Am J Proctol Gastroenterol Colon Rectal Surg 1979; 30:30-2. [PMID: 525688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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35
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Jafari N, Ikeda S, Fellows BA, Davies AL, Oz M. Aneurysm of the superior vena cava: a case report with a review of the English literature. Del Med J 1977; 49:531-3. [PMID: 902812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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36
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Jafari N, Shapiro RA, Evans RH, Sheridan JT. Traumatic occlusive intimal flap. IMJ Ill Med J 1977; 152:105-7. [PMID: 19388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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37
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Jafari N, Ikeda S, Taylor W, Oz M, Davies AL. Adult hemophilus influenzae pericarditis. Del Med J 1976; 48:513-5. [PMID: 1085707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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