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Ahmad N, Virk AL, Nizami AS, Lal R, Chang SX, Hafeez MB, Guo X, Wang R, Wang X, Iqbal HMW, Albasher G, Li J. Carbon trade-off and energy budgeting under conventional and conservation tillage in a rice-wheat double cropping system. J Environ Manage 2024; 351:119888. [PMID: 38176379 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Amid rising energy crises and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, designing energy efficient, GHG mitigation and profitable conservation farming strategies are pertinent for global food security. Therefore, we tested a hypothesis that no-till with residue retaining could improve energy productivity (EP) and energy use efficiency (EUE) while mitigating the carbon footprint (CF), water footprint (WF) and GHG emissions in rice-wheat double cropping system. We studied two tillage viz., conventional and conservation, with/without residue retaining, resulting as CT0 (puddled-transplanted rice, conventional wheat -residue), CTR (puddled-transplanted rice, conventional wheat + residue), NT0 (direct seeded rice, zero-till wheat -residue), and NTR (direct seeded rice, zero-till wheat + residue). The overall results showed that the NTR/NT0 had 34% less energy consumption and 1.2-time higher EP as compared to CTR/CT0. In addition, NTR increased 19.8% EUE than that of CT0. The grain yield ranged from 8.7 to 9.3 and 7.8-8.5 Mg ha-1 under CT and NT system, respectively. In NTR, CF and WF were 56.6% and 17.9% lower than that of CT0, respectively. The net GHG emissions were the highest (7261.4 kg CO2 ha-1 yr-1) under CT0 and lowest (4580.9 kg CO2 ha-1 yr-1) under NTR. Notably, the carbon sequestration under NTR could mitigate half of the system's CO2-eq emissions. The study results suggest that NTR could be a viable option to offset carbon emissions and water footprint by promoting soil organic carbon sequestration, and enhancing energy productivity and energy use efficiency in the South Asian Indo-Gangetic Plains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naeem Ahmad
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Ahmad Latif Virk
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Abdul-Sattar Nizami
- Sustainable Development Study Centre, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Rattan Lal
- CFAES Rattan Lal Center for Carbon Management & Sequestration, The Ohio State University, 210 Kottman Hall, 2021 Coffey Rd, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Scott X Chang
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - Muhammad Bilal Hafeez
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xingyu Guo
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | | | - Gadah Albasher
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jun Li
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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Nor Amdan NA, Zamri HF, Mohd Ali MR, Dahalan NA, Anak Maling DR, Wan Hamdan WAF, Che Unik NSI, Mohd Rof PHS, Hashim R, Ahmad N. Predominance of SCCmec type IV in community-acquired meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in multi-centre Malaysian hospitals. J Hosp Infect 2024; 143:113-114. [PMID: 37979625 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2023.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N A Nor Amdan
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre (IDRC), Institute for Medical Research (IMR), National Institutes of Health, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - H F Zamri
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre (IDRC), Institute for Medical Research (IMR), National Institutes of Health, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M R Mohd Ali
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre (IDRC), Institute for Medical Research (IMR), National Institutes of Health, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N A Dahalan
- National Blood Centre, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - D R Anak Maling
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre (IDRC), Institute for Medical Research (IMR), National Institutes of Health, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - W A F Wan Hamdan
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre (IDRC), Institute for Medical Research (IMR), National Institutes of Health, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N S I Che Unik
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre (IDRC), Institute for Medical Research (IMR), National Institutes of Health, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - P H S Mohd Rof
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre (IDRC), Institute for Medical Research (IMR), National Institutes of Health, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - R Hashim
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre (IDRC), Institute for Medical Research (IMR), National Institutes of Health, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N Ahmad
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre (IDRC), Institute for Medical Research (IMR), National Institutes of Health, Selangor, Malaysia
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Azam SM, Naeem M, Ahmad N, Yaqoob R, Khalid M, Lal V. Elemental composition of Talang Queenfish (Scomberoides commersonnianus Lacépède, 1801) in relation to body size and condition factor from Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e262533. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.262533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Fish is thought to be the most appropriate for indication of toxicity in water. So, purpose of present study was to determine the concentrations of few metals (Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cd, Pb and Zn) in relation to the body size and condition factor in Scomberoides commersonnianus. A total of 73 samples of marine fish, S. commersonnianus with various sizes that ranged from 93.4-1180 g of body weight and total length 20.5-56.9cm were randomly collected from the Arabian Sea of Karachi Pakistan, for examination of elemental composition. The concentration of Calcium found maximum while Cadmium found minimum in S. commersonnianus. Concentrations of Zn showed highly significant (P<0.001) negative, while Na and Ca exhibited strong positive correlation with the fish size. Correlations of Pb, K and Mg were found least significant (P<0.05) with the wet weight and total length of S. commersonnianus. Whereas, Fe and Cd were remained insignificantly correlated (P>0.05) with the fish size. Condition factor showed highly significant correlation (P<0.001) with all studied metals except cadmium and lead which were found insignificantly correlated (P>0.05) with condition factor of S. commersonnianus.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. M. Azam
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Pakistan; University of Education, Pakistan
| | - M. Naeem
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Pakistan
| | | | | | - M. Khalid
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Pakistan
| | - V. Lal
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Pakistan
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Quddus RA, Ahmad N, Khalique A, Bhatti JA. Evaluation of automated monitoring calving prediction in dairy buffaloes a new tool for calving management. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e257884. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.257884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Buffalo is one of the leading milk-producing dairy animals. Its production and reproduction are affected due to some factors including inadequate monitoring around parturition, which cause economic losses like delayed birth process, increased risk of stillbirth, etc. The appropriate calving monitoring is essential for dairy herd management. Therefore, we designed a study its aim was, to predict the calving based on automated machine measured prepartum behaviors in buffaloes. The data were collected from n=40 pregnant buffaloes of 2nd to 5th parity, which was synchronized. The NEDAP neck and leg logger tag was attached to each buffalo at 30 days before calving and automatically collected feeding, rumination, lying, standing, no. of steps, no. of switches from standing to lying (lying bouts) and total motion activity. All behavioral data were reduced to -10 days before the calving date for statistical analysis to use mixed model procedure and ANOVA. Results showed that feeding and rumination time significantly (P<0.05) decreased from -10 to -1 days before calving indicating calving prediction. Moreover, Rumination time was at lowest (P<0.001) value at 2h before the calving such behavioral changes may be useful to predict calving in buffaloes. Similarly, lying bouts and standing time abruptly decreased (P<0.05) from -3 to -1 days before calving, while lying time abruptly increased (P<0.01) from -3 to -1 days before calving (531.57±23.65 to 665.62±18.14, respectively). No. of steps taken and total motion significantly (P<0.05) increased from -10 to -1 days before calving. Feeding time was significantly (P<0.02) lowered in 3rd parity buffaloes compared with 2nd, 4th and 5th parity buffaloes, while standing time of 5th parity buffaloes were lowered (P<0.05) as compared to 2nd to 4th parity buffalos at -1 day of prepartum. However, rumination, lying, no. of steps taken and total motion activity at -1 day of prepartum was independent (P>0.05) of parity in buffaloes. Neural network analysis for combined variables from NEDAP technology at the daily level yielded 100.0% sensitivity and 98% specificity. In conclusion NEDAP technology can be used to measured behavioral changes -10 day before calving as it can serve as a useful guide in the prediction calving date in the buffaloes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. A. Quddus
- University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - N. Ahmad
- University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - A. Khalique
- University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - J. A. Bhatti
- University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Pakistan
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Hassan HU, Mawa Z, Ahmad N, Zulfiqar T, Sohail M, Ahmad H, Yaqoob H, Bilal M, Rahman MA, Ullah N, Hossain MY, Habib A, Arai T. Size at sexual maturity estimation for 36 species captured by bottom and mid-water trawls from the marine habitat of Balochistan and Sindh in the Arabian Sea, Pakistan, using maximum length (Lmax) and logistic (L50) models. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e262603. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.262603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The aim of this study was to estimate the size at first sexual maturity (Lm) for 36 species belonging to 24 families from the marine habitat of Balochistan and Sindh in Arabian Sea, Pakistan through maximum length based an empirical and logistic model using commercial catch during June 2020 to May 2021. Individual total length (TL) was noted up to 0.1 cm using measuring broad. The Lm was calculated using two formulae; (i) log (Lm) = - 0.1246 + 0.9924 * log (Lmax) for Elasmobranchs and (ii) log (Lm) = -0.1189 + 0.9157* log (Lmax) for ray-finned fishes. The minimum Lm was recorded as 10.27 cm TL for Caranx malabaricus and 108.38 cm TL for Isurus oxyrinchus, respectively. Around Lm with 58.33% species were ranges from 19.00 cm to 25.00 cm TL. This study was estimated 16 newly Lm which is globally absent and rest 20 Lm are absent in the Arabian Sea (Pakistan coastal habitats). Therefore, the results will be helpful for the sustainable management and conservation of these marine fishes through the establishment of mesh size of trawl nets based on the size at sexual maturity (Lm).
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Affiliation(s)
- H. U. Hassan
- University of Karachi, Pakistan; Ministry of National Food Security and Research Fisheries, Pakistan
| | - Z. Mawa
- University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - M. Sohail
- Government Postgraduate College Sahiwal, Pakistan
| | | | | | - M. Bilal
- Government College University Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - N. Ullah
- University of Malakand, Pakistan
| | | | - A. Habib
- Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - T. Arai
- Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Brunei Darussalam
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Ang XY, Roslan NS, Ahmad N, Yusof SM, Abdullah N, Nik Ab Rahman NN, Woon JJ, Teh CSJ, Todorov SD, Liu G, Liong MT. Lactobacillus probiotics restore vaginal and gut microbiota of pregnant women with vaginal candidiasis. Benef Microbes 2023; 14:421-431. [PMID: 38350486 DOI: 10.1163/18762891-20220103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
The development of probiotics has now included the areas along the gut-vaginal axis. We thus aimed to investigate the effects of lactobacilli probiotic to modulate and restore vaginal and gut microbiota of pregnant women with vaginal candidiasis (VC). A randomised, double-blind and placebo-controlled study was performed in 78 pregnant women with VC. Patients were randomised to either the probiotic (SynForU-HerCare) or placebo which were administered at baseline and continued for 8-weeks (two capsules/day of 9.5 log cfu/capsule). Microbiota profiles were assessed at time points of weeks-0, 4 and 8 for high vaginal swab and faecal samples. Shannon diversity index showed that after 8-weeks amid VC, a shift in microbial community compositional changes occurred in the high vaginal region at both genus (P=0.025) and species (P=0.044) levels, where the administration of probiotic prevented such a shift. These changes were mainly attributed to a decreased in abundance of Lactobacillus (P=0.042) accompanied by increased abundance of Prevotella (P=0.002) and Atopobium (P=0.002) in the placebo group while the probiotic group remained unchanged over time. The administration of probiotics also prevented a reduced abundance of faecal phylum Firmicutes after 8-weeks as seen in the placebo group (P<0.0001), which also showed reduction at subsequent taxonomic levels of class, family, genera and species. VC has not only altered the microbiota of vagina regions but also gut microbiota profiles, causing lessening of gut microbiota that are crucial for gut nutrient availability, protection and immunity. The administration of lactobacilli probiotics has prevented such a shift, leading to better modulated gut and vaginal microenvironment amid VC. The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov: identifier number NCT03940612.
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Affiliation(s)
- X-Y Ang
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
| | - N S Roslan
- School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kelantan, Malaysia
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM), Health Campus, 16150 Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - N Ahmad
- Kota Bharu Health Clinic, Ministry of Health Malaysia, 15200 Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - S Mo Yusof
- Kubang Kerian Health Clinic, Ministry of Health Malaysia, 16150 Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - N Abdullah
- Pengkalan Chepa Health Clinic, Ministry of Health Malaysia, 16100 Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - N N Nik Ab Rahman
- Wakaf Che Yeh Health Clinic, Ministry of Health Malaysia, 15100 Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - J-J Woon
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - C S-J Teh
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S D Todorov
- ProBacLab, Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - G Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100864, China P.R
- CAS-TWAS Centre of Excellence for Biotechnology, Beijing 100101, China P.R
| | - M-T Liong
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
- Renewable Biomass Transformation Cluster, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
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Grismer LL, Anuar MSS, Muin MA, Ahmad N, Quah ESH. Genetic and morphological concordance and discordance within the Cyrtodactylus brevipalmatus group (Squamata: Gekkonidae). Zootaxa 2023; 5353:265-275. [PMID: 38220685 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5353.3.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
We use data sets from the Cyrtodactylus brevipalmatus group with limited genetic and morphological sampling to demonstrate that not accounting for sampling error may adversely influence decisions regarding species delimitation and diagnosis. Lack of geographic sampling between the endpoints of a species range may recover notable interpopulational genetic differentiation consistent with species-level differentiation. Additionally, small population sample sizes may fail recover statistically different diagnostic morphological differences. Combined, these types of sampling error can produce results seemingly consistent with the recognition of cryptic speciesgenetically delimited populations lacking diagnostic morphological characters. This is the current situation within some lineages of the C. brevipalmatus group whereas in others, sampling error is less problematic and does not jeopardize their taxonomy. We note the potential negative effects for comparative biology as a whole if sampling error is not taken into consideration prior to constructing taxonomies.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lee Grismer
- Herpetology Laboratory; Department of Biology; La Sierra University; 4500 Riverwalk Parkway; Riverside; California 92505; USA.; Department of Herpetology; San Diego Natural History Museum; PO Box 121390; San Diego; California; 92112; USA; Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation; Universiti Malaysia Sabah; Jalan UMS; 88400; Kota Kinabalu; Sabah; Malaysia.
| | - M S Shahrul Anuar
- School of Biological Sciences; Universiti Sains Malaysia; 11800 Minden; Penang; Malaysia; Center for Marine and Coastal Studies; Universiti Sains Malaysia; 11800 USM; Pulau Pinang; Malaysia..
| | - M A Muin
- Centre for Global Sustainability Studies (CGSS); Level 5; Hamzah Sendut Library; Universiti Sains Malaysia; 11800 USM; Penang.
| | - N Ahmad
- Institute for Environment and Development; (LESTARI); Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; 43600 Bangi; Selangor Darul Eshan; Malaysia.
| | - Evan S H Quah
- Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation; Universiti Malaysia Sabah; Jalan UMS; 88400; Kota Kinabalu; Sabah; Malaysia.; Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum; National University of Singapore; 2 Conservatory Drive; 117377; Singapore.
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Ballal S, Ahmad N, Jha A, Sharma V, Mishra R, Patel M G. AN EVALUATION OF ANTIBIOTIC PRESCRIPTION PRACTICES: PERSPECTIVES OF VETERINARY TRAINEES AND PRACTICING VETERINARIANS. Georgian Med News 2023:71-77. [PMID: 38096520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a major worldwide problem that has an impact on the well-being of humans as well as animals. Antibiotic resistance is caused by the misuse and excessive use of antibiotics. The key to reducing this issue lies in educating veterinary medical learners on the proper and accountable utilization of antibiotics for the care of animals. Objective - using awareness-raising and instruction as the foundation, this research of Indian veterinary learners can help resolve the issue of antibiotic resistance throughout the care of animals. The questionnaire survey was taken between June and July 2022 and it was aimed at learners registered in veterinary medical studies at academic and research institutions in India. The study included 500 pupils overall. The purpose of the survey was to gather information about students' knowledge of antibiotics, including antibiotic resistance, as well as their feelings on the consequences of antibiotic resistance on the globe at large and their acquaintance with the one health ideology. According to this study's findings, 83.3 percent of respondents thought antibiotic resistance was a serious problem. 57.92 percent of respondents understood the issue's worldwide consequences and its one health ideology. The study emphasizes the significance of expanding the veterinary educational program to include thorough instruction on prudent antibiotic usage and the concepts of one health.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ballal
- 1Department of Biochemistry, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), Karnataka, India
| | - N Ahmad
- 2School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
| | - A Jha
- 3Department of Allied Healthcare and Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India
| | - V Sharma
- 4Department of Microbiology, TMMC&RC, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R Mishra
- 5Department of Pharmacy, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - G Patel M
- 6Department of Community Medicine, Parul University, PO Limda, Tal. Waghodia, District Vadodara, Gujarat, India
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Patel J D, Shah U, Ahmad N, Garhwal R, Singh S, Kumar A. UNDERSTANDING THE ADAPTATION AND SENSITIVITY OF THE MICROBIOME: MICROBIAL RESILIENT AND HUMAN WELL-BEING. Georgian Med News 2023:134-138. [PMID: 38096530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
The term microbiome describes the assortment of microbes that dwell in and on a person's body, particularly in the gut, comprising fungi, bacteria, infectious agents and additional microbes. According to research, numerous elements of human well-being, such as digestion, immunological response and psychological well-being, have been linked to the microbiome. Preserving human wellness requires knowledge of the microbiome's stability and how it reacts to perturbations. According to preliminary research, adults' microbial ecosystems are considered stable with no signs of significant disturbances. This stability is not preserved by inertia and the system's interaction with restorative forces keeps the processes stable. Short antibiotic doses can result in quick and substantial microbiome alterations. However, there is confirmation that the taxonomic structure of the microbiome has at least recovered after such disruptions. The effect of antibiotics is individualized and can be altered by earlier exposure to a similar drug, which is a crucial aspect to remember. These results suggest that the individual's microbiome has adaptable qualities. Examining the microbiome's reactions to perturbations might be helpful in the prediction of potential instabilities and illness by revealing important features of function, microbial connections, and important species in the native microbiota. This information can benefit the management of the individual microbial community and the promotion of better health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Patel J
- 1Department of Pharmacology, Parul University, PO Limda, Tal. Waghodia, District Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - U Shah
- 2Department of Genetics, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), Karnataka, India
| | - N Ahmad
- 3School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
| | - R Garhwal
- 4Department of Allied Healthcare and Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India
| | - S Singh
- 5Department of Microbiology, TMMC&RC, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A Kumar
- 6Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Ahmad N, Andev R, Verdiyeva A, Dubey S. Single centre experience of 120 patients with non-infectious aortitis: Clinical features, treatment and complications. Autoimmun Rev 2023; 22:103354. [PMID: 37142195 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2023.103354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aortitis is an important form of vasculitis with significant risk of complications. Very few studies have provided detailed clinical phenotyping across the whole disease spectrum. Our primary aim was to look the clinical features, management strategies and complications associated with non-infectious aortitis. METHODS A retrospective review was performed on patients with diagnosis of noninfectious aortitis at the Oxford University hospitals NHS Foundation Trust. Clinicopathologic features were recorded including demographics, presentation, aetiology, laboratory, imaging findings, histopathology, complications, treatment, and outcome. RESULTS We report the data on 120 patients (59% females). Systemic inflammatory response syndrome constituted the most common presentation (47.5%). 10.8% were diagnosed following a vascular complication (dissection or aneurysm). All patients (n = 120) had raised inflammatory markers (median ESR 70.0 mm/h and CRP 68.0 mg/L). Isolated aortitis subgroup (15%) had significantly higher likelihood of presenting with vascular complications and challenging to diagnose due to non-specific symptoms. Prednisolone (91.5%) and methotrexate (89.8%) were the most used treatment. 48.3% developed vascular complications during the disease course including ischaemic complications (25%), aortic dilatation and aneurysms (29.2%) and dissection (4.2%). Risk of dissection was higher in the isolated aortitis subgroup at 16.6% compared to all other types of aortitis at 1.96%. CONCLUSION Risk of vascular complications is high in non-infectious aortitis patients during disease course, hence early diagnosis and appropriate management is key. DMARDs such as Methotrexate appear to be effective, nonetheless there remain gaps in evidence for longer-term management of relapsing disease. Dissection risk seems much higher for patients with isolated aortitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ahmad
- Department of Rheumatology, Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - R Andev
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science, University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Rheumatology Department, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford OX3 7LD, United Kingdom
| | - A Verdiyeva
- Department of Rheumatology, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford OX3 7LD, United Kingdom
| | - S Dubey
- Consultant Rheumatologist, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Windmill Road, Oxford OX3 7HE, United Kingdom; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Windmill Road, Oxford OX3 7LD, United Kingdom.
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Zakria M, Hussain A, Ahmad N, Ahmed N, Rauf MA, Siraj S. The lipid-lowering efficacy of rosuvastatin is associated with variations in SLCO1B1: a 12-month prospective cohort study. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:4708-4717. [PMID: 37259755 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202305_32483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Statins' efficacy and safety are subject to wide inter-individual variability, partly due to genetic predisposition. Studies have shown that the genetic variations in the common solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1 (SLCO1B1) gene polymorphisms affect the transport of statins' transport into hepatocytes, their plasma concentration, and circulation time. The ultimate result is variable and personalized statins response and statin-associated muscular symptoms (SAMS). Here we report an update on the differential response to rosuvastatin therapy in the Pakistani population. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 166 hyperlipidemic patients on rosuvastatin were prospectively followed for 24 weeks. Muscle symptoms were recorded after 6-8 weeks of therapy, and assessment was done according to the SAMS-clinical index tool. Patients were genotyped for SLCO1B1 c.521T>C and c.388A>G polymorphisms, for association with lipid-lowering response and statin-associated muscle symptoms. The plasma level of rosuvastatin was determined through Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS) for possible correlation with adverse effects and lipid-lowering efficacy. RESULTS Mean reduction in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was 42.34 mg/dl (p<0.001), 35.66 mg/dl (p<0.001), and 24.47 mg/dl (p=0.202) in reference, heterozygous and mutant homozygous groups of SLCO1B1 c.521T>C, respectively. A 15.70% and 42.14% diminished LDL-C reduction was observed in c.521TC and c.521CC, respectively, compared to the reference c.521TT genotype. Similarly, for SLCO1B1 c.388A>G, 20.50% and 29.40% less LDL-C lowering effect was observed in heterozygous and mutant homozygous carriers, respectively. SAMS were observed in 37% and 33% of heterozygous and minor homozygous, respectively, (p=0.059). The rosuvastatin plasma level was 1.89-fold higher in the c.521CC genotype than in the reference homozygous type. CONCLUSIONS Differential lipid-lowering response and muscular symptoms due to rosuvastatin are associated with the SLCO1B1 common polymorphisms. Further studies are needed to validate dose adjustment and rationalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zakria
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Hayatabad, Peshawar, Pakistan.
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12
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Hafeez MB, Zahra N, Ahmad N, Shi Z, Raza A, Wang X, Li J. Growth, physiological, biochemical and molecular changes in plants induced by magnetic fields: A review. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2023; 25:8-23. [PMID: 35929950 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The Earth's geomagnetic field (GMF) is an inescapable environmental factor for plants that affects all growth and yield parameters. Both strong and weak magnetic fields (MF), as compared to the GMF, have specific roles in plant growth and development. MF technology is an eco-friendly technique that does not emit waste or generate harmful radiation, nor require any external power supply, so it can be used in sustainable modern agriculture. Thus, exposure of plants to MF is a potential affordable, reusable and safe practice for enhancing crop productivity by changing physiological and biochemical processes. However, the effect of MF on plant physiological and biochemical processes is not yet well understood. This review describes the effects of altering MF conditions (higher or lower values than the GMF) on physiological and biochemical processes of plants. The current contradictory and inconsistent outcomes from studies on varying effects of MF on plants could be related to species and/or MF exposure time and intensity. The reviewed literature suggests MF have a role in changing physiological processes, such as respiration, photosynthesis, nutrient uptake, water relations and biochemical attributes, including genes involved in ROS, antioxidants, enzymes, proteins and secondary metabolites. MF application might efficiently increase growth and yield of many crops, and as such, should be the focus for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Hafeez
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - N Zahra
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - N Ahmad
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Z Shi
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - A Raza
- College of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - X Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - J Li
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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Khan A, Faisal M, Aslam B, Anwar H, Mehmood M, Aslam N, Roobi A, Aslam J, Muzaffar H, Mehmood A, Majeed L, Ahmad N, Haider U. Studying the wnt/beta- catenin and microrna signaling crosstalk in CTNNB1and ABCG2 genes expression in prostate cancer. EUR UROL SUPPL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(22)02357-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Chhabra G, Thornton J, Su S, Ndiaye M, Ahmad N. 654 Novel immune-related proteins differentially expressed in melanoma. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Dong B, Simonson L, Vold S, Oldham E, Barten L, Ahmad N, Chang H. 644 Planar cell polarity gene frizzled 6 promotes melanoma metastasis by regulating canonical Wnt signaling and EMT pathways. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Nik Mazlan SA, Abdul Hadi Sabri FS, Mohamed Zahidi J, Seman Z, Ahmad N, Ramli SR. Human brucellosis: Six years retrospective study on seropositivity in Malaysia. Malays J Pathol 2022; 44:269-276. [PMID: 36043590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human brucellosis is a zoonotic disease in Malaysia. This study analysed six-year retrospective seropositivity trends of human brucellosis cases from 2014 to 2019. METHODS AND MATERIALS A total of 1,281 serum samples were obtained from suspected brucellosis patients were included. The sera were tested using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for IgM and IgG antibodies for Brucella spp. Samples with equivocal or positive antibody index were confirmed with an immunocapture agglutination. RESULTS During the study period, 5.8% (n=74) of suspected cases showed seropositivity for human brucellosis. The central region has the highest seropositivity cases of human brucellosis. Consumption of unpasteurised milk was significantly associated with human brucellosis in this study with adjusted odds ratio ((AOR) = 4.56, 95% CI = 2.6, 8.02, p-value < 0.001). The age group of less than 15 years old was more likely to contract brucellosis ((AOR) = 2.81, 95% CI = 1.01, 7.84 p-value < 0.048). CONCLUSION Serological tests have been widely used for the diagnosis of human brucellosis. However, diagnosis using serology is often challenging without the presence of a convalescent sample. In conclusion, even though human brucellosis has a low prevalence rate, the disease has serious public health implications. The usage of effective diagnostic tools as well as implementation of 'One Health' approach are the way forward to prevent and control of brucellosis in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Nik Mazlan
- National Institutes of Health, Institute for Medical Research, Infectious Disease Research Centre, Bacteriology Unit, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - F S Abdul Hadi Sabri
- National Institutes of Health, Institute for Medical Research, Infectious Disease Research Centre, Bacteriology Unit, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - J Mohamed Zahidi
- National Institutes of Health, Institute for Medical Research, Infectious Disease Research Centre, Bacteriology Unit, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Z Seman
- National Institutes of Health, Biostatistics and Data Repository Sector, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N Ahmad
- National Institutes of Health, Institute for Medical Research, Infectious Disease Research Centre, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S R Ramli
- National Institutes of Health, Institute for Medical Research, Infectious Disease Research Centre, Bacteriology Unit, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Ahmad N, Virk AL, Hussain S, Hafeez MB, Haider FU, Rehmani MIA, Yasir TA, Asif A. Integrated application of plant bioregulator and micronutrients improves crop physiology, productivity and grain biofortification of delayed sown wheat. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:52534-52543. [PMID: 35262890 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19476-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Delay sowing of wheat is a common problem in Punjab that exacerbates serious yield loss. To reduce yield loss and improve yield, different combinations of foliar-applied bioregulator and micronutrients, control (CK), zinc (Zn), boron (B), thiourea (TU), Zn + B (ZnB), Zn + TU (ZnTU), B + TU (BTU), Zn + B + TU (ZnBTU) were applied at booting and grain filling stages in delayed sown wheat in 2017-18 and 2018-19. The results showed that ZnBTU treatment significantly increased leaf area index by 25.06% and 23.21%, spike length by 15.11% and 19.65% in 2017 and 2018, respectively, compared to CK. The ZnBTU treatment also increased 1000-grain weight by 21.96% and 22.01% in 2017 and 2018, respectively, compared to CK. Similarly, higher Zn, B and N contents in straw and grain were recoded for ZnBTU treatment which was statistically similar to ZnB and ZnTU treatments. Overall, ZnBTU treatment also increased the photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance by 46.67%, 26.03%, 76.25% and decreased internal CO2 by 28.18%, compared to CK, respectively. Moreover, ZnBTU also recorded the highest grain yield in 2017-18 (25.05%) and 2018-19 (28.49%) than CK. In conclusion, foliar application of ZnBTU at the booting and grain filling stages of delayed sown wheat could be a promising strategy to increase grain yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naeem Ahmad
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ahmad Latif Virk
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Sadam Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Bilal Hafeez
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Fasih Ullah Haider
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Tauqeer Ahmad Yasir
- College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Bahadur Sub-Campus Layyah , Layyah, 31200, Pakistan
| | - Ariba Asif
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Chan A, Rigler K, Ahmad N, Lafont T. POS0958 PROGRESSIVE IMPROVEMENT IN TIME TO DIAGNOSIS IN AXIAL SPONDYLOARTHRITIS THROUGH AN INTEGRATED REFERRAL AND EDUCATION SYSTEM. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundDespite the advances in the treatment and management of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), there remains a significant delay in the diagnosis of the condition. The diagnostic delay is 8-10 years in Europe and 8.5 years on average in the United Kingdom. This is contributed by the lack of awareness of axSpA, limited access to diagnostic tests and unstructured referral pathways. The delayed diagnosis leads to higher morbidity from the condition.ObjectivesTo assess the delay in the diagnosis of axSpA over time in a real world axSpA cohort diagnosed over a 7 year period from 2015 and to evaluate factors associated with this delay. During this time, we evaluated the effectiveness of the interventions to reduce the delay to diagnosis.MethodsA cohort of axSpA patients newly diagnosed between 2015 to 2021, were studied. This was a cross-sectional study on patients with axSpA who visited a specialist rheumatology clinic at a single centre. The demographic, clinical and diagnostic variables were recorded. Diagnostic delay was defined as the time interval between the year of first symptom and year of diagnosis. The mean and median diagnostic delay were calculated. An integrated educational and referral system were implemented from 20151. This included education to the main referrers in to the system including general practitioners (GPs) and community musculoskeletal (MSK) triage physiotherapists. The electronic referral systems were updated annually according to best practice guidelines2. An impact analysis was performed evaluating diagnostic delay for axSpA during this period.ResultsOf the 110 axSpA patients studied, 60 (54.4%) were male and 50 (45.5%) female. The mean (range) age was 37 (18-52) years. All patients met the ASAS classification criteria for axSpA. Radiographic axSpA (Ankylosing spondylitis) fulfilling New York criteria, was diagnosed in (62%) of the patients. There were more patients with radiographic axSpA in the earlier years of diagnosis (100% in 2015) and more of non-radiographic axSpA in the later years (83% in 2021). HLA-B*27 positivity was found in 79 (71.8%) of patients. The majority of referrals were from general practitioners 63 (57.2%), physiotherapists 19 (17.3%), orthopaedics 18 (16.4%) and other specialties 10 (9.1%). There was no significant difference in the mean (years) delay to diagnosis from the source of the clinic referral. The mean and median delay to diagnosis by year of diagnosis were 9.9, 9.5 (±3.1) years in 2015, 7.1, 7(±1) in 2016, 5.3,5 (±2.7) in 2017, 4.9, 4 (±3) in 2018, 4.4, 2.5 (±4.8) in 2019, 3.6, 2 (±3.2) in 2020, 2.2, 1 (±2.6) in 2021. The majority of the patients were diagnosed between 31-40 years (41%), 22% between 18-30 years, 31% between 41-50 years and 4% after the age of 50 years. Higher age at diagnosis was associated with a longer diagnostic delay. Diagnosis of disease at 18-30 years of age was associated with shorter mean delay to diagnosis (2.9 years), age 31-40 (4.6), age 41-50 (5.9), and age > 51 (6.5).ConclusionDelay in axSpA diagnosis has significantly improved in this real-world cohort during the last seven years. The mean diagnostic delay was 2 years indicating diagnostic delay may be for most patients shorter than previously reported. The factors associated with a faster diagnosis were a) more recent year of first rheumatology consult b) earlier age at presentation. Increased educational and awareness campaigns in primary care and musculoskeletal triage has led to the early recognition of axSpA. Early referral to a rheumatology service using electronic referral symptom can improve the diagnostic delay of axSpA. With continuous improvement cycles, our aim is to get reduce delays to diagnosis to under 1 year with line with the Gold Standard to Diagnosis in axSpA.References[1]All Party Parliamentary Group (APPG) on Axial Spondyloarthritis. 2019.[2]https://nass.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/APPG-on-Axial-SpA-Second-Meeting-Minutes.pdf[3]NICE Guideline NG65. Spondyloarthritis in over 16s: diagnosis and management. 2017. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng65Disclosure of InterestsAntoni Chan Speakers bureau: Janssen, Novartis, Amgen, Abbvie, Celgene, UCB, Consultant of: Novartis, Lilly, Abbvie, Grant/research support from: Novartis, UCB, Kathryn Rigler: None declared, Nadia Ahmad: None declared, Tanguy Lafont: None declared
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Rusdi R, Halim N, Nurazzi N, Abidin Z, Abdullah N, Ros F, Ahmad N, Azmi A. The Effect of Layering Structures on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Hybrid Bacterial Cellulose/Kevlar Reinforced Epoxy Composites. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09442. [PMID: 35677420 PMCID: PMC9168520 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of layering structures on mechanical and thermal hybrid bacterial cellulose (BC) sheet/Kevlar reinforced epoxy composites was investigated. The BC sheet was extracted from Nata de Coco and used as green reinforcement material hybrid with Kevlar reinforced epoxy composites. The BC/Kevlar reinforced epoxy composite was fabricated by using hand lay-up technique equipped with vacuum bagging system and the BC sheets and Kevlar layers were laminated into different layered structures. The performance of the hybrid BC/Kevlar reinforced epoxy composites was characterized through tensile test and low velocity impact according to ASTM D3039 and ASTM D7136, respectively. The thermal performance of the hybrid composites was characterized by using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) test. Tensile test on BC sheet composites with Kevlar and epoxy demonstrated that the addition of BC sheet in BC/Kevlar could not withstand the tensor stress by reducing the tensile stress and Young's modulus. The one layer of Kevlar which was replaced with three to six BC sheets had increased the ability to absorb impact force. The storage modulus (E′) and Tan δ were significantly dependent on the number of BC sheets and its layering structure. The highest value of E′ was observed when BC sheets were arranged alternately with the Kevlar layers. Different damage mechanisms associated with the number of BC sheets and its layered-structure suggested that the BC sheet was functioning as an impact energy absorber as well as strengthening fibers. This study will upsurge interest in BC reinforced composites and the development of new ideas in automotive, marine and bullet applications.
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Qasim M, Hafeez MA, Ahmad N, Anjum AA, Oneeb M. Acaricide resistance in Boophilus microplus ticks collected from two ecological Zones of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 84:e257795. [PMID: 35416854 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.257795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Boophilus microplus is a major cattle tick specie causing great economic loss to the dairy industry throughout the globe including Pakistan. Trichlorfon and Deltamethrin are used to control bovine ticks, and their sprays are also used in other pest control programs that exert pressure on ticks to gain resistance. This study is aimed to examine the resistance level of Rhipiciphalus microplus against trichlorfon and deltamethrin. The engorged ticks were collected from two ecological regions of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, KPK Pakistan i.e., Swat & Dir (zone-1), and Charsadda & Nowshera (zone-2). Four concentrations of acaricides in two-fold and ten-fold ppm with three replicates for each were used in both bioassays. Egg hatch assay and adult immersion tests were used to assess the resistance status. The probit analysis of egg hatch assay showed the highest hatching percentage in zone 1 on both dilutions (67-76% on two-fold and 68-88% on ten-fold dilution) while lethal concentration (LC95) was found to be 2.187 ppm and discriminating dose (DD) as 4.374 ppm for trichlorfon. In zone 2, hatching percentage was 73-84 on two-fold and 72-91% on ten-fold dilution while LC95 was recorded as 0.599 ppm and DD as 1.198 ppm. The same parameters were studied for deltamethrin and in zone 1 the hatching percentage was found as 38-56% on two-fold dilution and 37-80% on ten-fold dilution while LC95 was recorded as 0.001 ppm and DD as 0.002 ppm. In zone 2, the hatchability was recorded as 42-58% on two-fold and 43-85% on ten-fold dilution. The values for LC95 was recorded as 0.001 ppm and DD as 0.002 ppm. Further, analysis of adult immersion test against trichlorfon revealed the values of LC50 as 2.85 ppm and LC95 as 4.71 ppm in zone 1 and in zone 2 as 3.14 ppm and 5.28 ppm, respectively. Similarly, LC50 and LC95 against deltamethrin was recorded as 0.79 ppm & 1.71 ppm in zone 1 and 0.45 ppm & 4.325 ppm in zone 2, respectively. Based on the findings of this study, the isolated Rhipicephalus microplus was found to be more resistant to the widely used acaricides i.e., trichlorfon than deltamethrin. In order to maintain the efficacy of acaricides at country level, the study recommends continuous monitoring of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Qasim
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Parasitology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M A Hafeez
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Parasitology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - N Ahmad
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Parasitology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A A Anjum
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Parasitology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Oneeb
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Parasitology, Lahore, Pakistan
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Ahmad N, Hussain SM, Azam SM, Shahzad MM, Noureen A, Yaqoob R, Lateef M, Yawer A, Riaz D, Usman A, Faizan M, Hassan S, Ishtiaq A, Riaz P, Ali A, Amin F, Imran M, Kausar R, Ahmed M, Bashir W, Adnan M, Siddique A, Farooq M, Ahmad S. Effects of Se nanoparticles supplementation on growth performance, hematological parameters and nutrient digestibility of Labeo rohita fingerling fed sunflower meal based diet. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 84:e253555. [PMID: 35019098 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.253555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to assess the effects of selenium nanoparticles on the growth, hematology and nutrients digestibility of Labeorohita fingerlings. Fingerlings were fed with seven isocaloric sunflower meal-based diet supplemented with different concentrations of nanoparticles naming T1 to T7 (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3 mg/kg), with 5% wet body weight while chromic oxide was used as an indigestible marker. After experimentation for 90 days T3 treated group (1mg/kg -1Se-nano level) showed the best result in hematological parameters (WBC's 7.97 ×103mm-3, RBC's 2.98 ×106 mm-3 and Platelet count 67), nutrient digestibility (crude protein: 74%, ether extract: 76%, gross energy: 70%) and growth performance (weight gain 13.24 g, weight gain% 198, feed conversion ratio 1.5, survival rate 100%) as compared to the other treatment groups. Specific growth rates were found significantly higher in T5 than in other groups. The present study indicated positive effect of 1 mg/kg Se-nanoparticles on growth advancement, hematological parameters, and nutrients digestibility of L. rohita fingerlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ahmad
- University of Jhang, Department of Zoology, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - S M Hussain
- Government College University, Department of Zoology, Fish Nutrition Lab, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - S M Azam
- University of Education Lahore, Division of Science and Technology, Department of Zoology, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - M M Shahzad
- University of Education Lahore, Division of Science and Technology, Department of Zoology, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - A Noureen
- The University of Lahore, Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology - IMBB, Department of Zoology, Lahore,Pakistan
| | - R Yaqoob
- University of Education Lahore, Division of Science and Technology, Department of Zoology, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - M Lateef
- University of Education Lahore, Division of Science and Technology, Department of Zoology, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - A Yawer
- Racetox, Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, Kamenice, Brno Czech Republic
| | - D Riaz
- University of Education Lahore, Division of Science and Technology, Department of Zoology, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - A Usman
- Government College University, Department of Chemistry, Faisalabad, Pakistan Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - M Faizan
- University of Agriculture, Department of Zoology, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - S Hassan
- Institute of Pure & Applied Biology Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - A Ishtiaq
- Institute of Pure & Applied Biology Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - P Riaz
- Institute of Pure & Applied Biology Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - A Ali
- Institute of Pure & Applied Biology Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - F Amin
- University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences Punjab, Department of Zoology, Lahore,Pakistan
| | - M Imran
- BahuddinZakariya University Multan, Department of Statistics, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - R Kausar
- University of Baluchistan, Department of Zoology, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - M Ahmed
- COMSATS University Islamabad, Department of Management Sciences, Vehari Campus, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - W Bashir
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M Adnan
- Department of Zoology, Government Graduate Taleem-ul-Islam College Chenab Nagar, Chiniot, Pakistan
| | - A Siddique
- Department of Chemistry, Lahore College for Women University Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Farooq
- Department of Zoology, Ghazi University Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - S Ahmad
- Institute of Pure & Applied Biology Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
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Ahmad N, Bashir T, Saaduddin Sapri A, Tiwari A, Basaqr A, Nasser Almoqiteef F, Zainab A, Kamal D. Innovative technique for fabrication of forefinger prosthesis. J Pharm Bioall Sci 2022; 14:S1033-S1037. [PMID: 36110754 PMCID: PMC9469215 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_62_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic finger digit amputation may affect patient's psychology also along with a serious injury to the affected hand. Recently, advanced micro-surgical re-implantation can help save a damaged human finger that is badly injured and/or amputated. Considering its associated financial burden, a vast majority of such patients cannot afford it. For such patients, a hand/finger prosthesis may act as a blessing, boosting social performance. In the present case report, an innovative type of prosthesis finger replacement method is discussed.
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Ahmad N, Moghe M, Talati N, Tiwari A, Saaduddin Sapri A, Kamal D, Moin A, Bashir T. Prosthetic rehabilitation of a maxillofacial defect with silicone orbital prosthesis: A simplified technique. J Pharm Bioall Sci 2022; 14:S1074-S1078. [PMID: 36110607 PMCID: PMC9469463 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_109_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rehabilitation of various maxillofacial defects is a time-consuming, complex, and overwhelming task requiring a patient-specific design and technique. Human face disfigurement involving loss of an eye enhances physical and emotional challenges. A wide range of various treatment modalities are being practiced over the period of time, with the recent one being use of ocular implants. Undoubtedly, an implant-supported orbital prosthesis has a superior outcome; it may not be as practical option considering the cost and availability, especially in economically constrained patients. The present case report describes a simplified technique for fabrication of an adhesive-retained silicone orbital prosthesis.
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Ihsanullah M, Yousuf MJ, Ahmad N, Masood Z, Majeed S, Hassan HU, Ibrahim M, Khooharo AR, Khooharo E, Mastoi AH, Zafar N, Shaikh FM. Prevalence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the largest populated city Karachi, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e247583. [PMID: 34932616 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.247583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The study was undertaken from September 2018 to April 2019 to determine the prevalence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in human beings living in six districts of Karachi. Suspected persons were screened for the disease and positive cases were identified on the basis of skin lesions and blood samples. Samples were observed by mounting their smear. A total of 207 subjects of different ages and sex groups were investigated, however, only 192 (92%) of the suspected cases were found to have the disease 64% of cases were male which were significantly high (p 0.05), than female 36%. The lesion was more frequently detected among the youth ages of 21-30 years (31%) as compared to other groups. In both sexes, legs were found to be more infected (25% male + 20% female) followed by arms (20% male + 0% female) and face (15% male +11% female). The mixed body parts had shown the lowest infections such as (4% in males + 5%) in females. In conclusion, the highest and lowest leishmaniasis infections were observed in District West (23% male + 9% female) followed by District East (15% male + 7% female), District Malir (11% male+ 4% female), District Central (7% male + 5% female), District Korangi (4% male + 7% female) and District South (4% male + 4% female) respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ihsanullah
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - M J Yousuf
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - N Ahmad
- Aquatic Diagnostic e Research Center Bahria University, Karachi-75260, Pakistan
| | - Z Masood
- Department of Zoology, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University Quetta Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - S Majeed
- Aquatic Diagnostic e Research Center Bahria University, Karachi-75260, Pakistan
| | - H Ul Hassan
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - M Ibrahim
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - A R Khooharo
- Centre of Excellence in Marine Biology University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - E Khooharo
- Regional Training Institute Karachi, Population Welfare Department Government of Sindh, Pakistan
| | - A H Mastoi
- Faculty of Agriculture, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Science, Uthal Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - N Zafar
- Institute of Skin Diseases, Sindh, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - F M Shaikh
- Institute of Skin Diseases, Sindh, Karachi, Pakistan
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Hadi FS, Ghazali S, Ahmad N, Ramli SR. Trend and pattern of melioidosis seropositivity among suspected patients in Malaysia 2015 - 2019. Trop Biomed 2021; 38:561-567. [PMID: 35001922 DOI: 10.47665/tb.38.4.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Melioidosis is a disease of public health importance associated with high case-fatality rates in animals and humans caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei (B. pseudomallei ), a gram- negative bacterium that lives in tropical soil environments. This study determined the seropositivity for melioidosis among patients admitted to healthcare centres in Malaysia, from 2015 to 2019 and identified factors related to it. A total of 26,665 serum samples of suspected melioidosis patients from Malaysia hospitals were tested for IgM against B. pseudomallei. About 16.4% of total samples were seropositive and majority of them were 55 years old and above. However, younger people aged less than 15 years old were the most susceptible to the infection (AOR 3.04, p <0.001, 95% CI: 2.73, 3.39). Melioidosis infection was the highest in Sarawak (15.1%) while Perlis was the least exposed to the infection (0.9%). Further analyses showed that patients with chronic lung disease (adjusted OR: 4.03, p < 0.001, 95% CI: 2.77, 5.86) were more susceptible to melioidosis infection. In conclusion, although serology testing is not a gold standard test in diagnosing melioidosis, it has been used as a tool in treatment monitoring and disease surveillance among patients and at-risk community in the endemic hot-spots regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- F S Hadi
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, 40170, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S Ghazali
- Biomedical Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, 40170, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N Ahmad
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, 40170, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S R Ramli
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, 40170, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
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Rajendiran S, Thahir SSA, Veloo Y, Suppiah J, Pahrol MA, Shakor ASA, Mohamad N, Ramly N, Shariff HM, Karim RA, Chidambaram SK, Senian R, Ahmad N, Thayan R, Shaharudin R. Environmental surface sampling of SARS-CoV-2 in selected hospitals in Malaysia. Trop Biomed 2021; 38:462-468. [PMID: 34608120 DOI: 10.47665/tb.38.3.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 has spread rapidly worldwide. The role of fomites in facilitating onward transmission is plausible. This study aimed to determine the presence of viable virus and its persistence on the surfaces of fomites in wards treating COVID-19 patients in Malaysia. This study was conducted in two stages. First, environmental sampling was performed on random days in the intensive care unit (ICU) and general wards. Then, in the second stage, samples were collected serially on alternate days for 7 days in two selected general wards. In Stage 1, a total of 104 samples were collected from the surfaces of highly touched and used areas by patients and healthcare workers. Only three samples were tested positive for SARS-COV-2. In Stage 2, three surface samples were detected positive, but no persistence of the virus was observed. However, none of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA was viable through tissue culture. Overall, the environmental contamination of SARS-CoV-2 was low in this hospital setting. Hospitals' strict infection control and the compliance of patients with wearing masks may have played a role in these findings, suggesting adherence to those measures to reduce occupational exposure of COVID-19 in hospital settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rajendiran
- Environmental Health Research Centre (EHRC), Institute for Medical Research (IMR), Ministry of Health, 40170 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - S S A Thahir
- Environmental Health Research Centre (EHRC), Institute for Medical Research (IMR), Ministry of Health, 40170 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Y Veloo
- Environmental Health Research Centre (EHRC), Institute for Medical Research (IMR), Ministry of Health, 40170 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - J Suppiah
- Infectious Disease Research Centre (IDRC), Insitute for Medical Research (IMR), Ministry of Health, 40170 Shah Alam, Selagor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - M A Pahrol
- Environmental Health Research Centre (EHRC), Institute for Medical Research (IMR), Ministry of Health, 40170 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - A S A Shakor
- Environmental Health Research Centre (EHRC), Institute for Medical Research (IMR), Ministry of Health, 40170 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - N Mohamad
- Environmental Health Research Centre (EHRC), Institute for Medical Research (IMR), Ministry of Health, 40170 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - N Ramly
- Environmental Health Research Centre (EHRC), Institute for Medical Research (IMR), Ministry of Health, 40170 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - H M Shariff
- Infectious Disease Research Centre (IDRC), Insitute for Medical Research (IMR), Ministry of Health, 40170 Shah Alam, Selagor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - R A Karim
- Infectious Disease Research Centre (IDRC), Insitute for Medical Research (IMR), Ministry of Health, 40170 Shah Alam, Selagor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - S K Chidambaram
- Hospital Sungai Buloh, Ministry of Health, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - R Senian
- Hospital Kuala Lumpur (HKL), Ministry of Health, 50586 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia
| | - N Ahmad
- Infectious Disease Research Centre (IDRC), Insitute for Medical Research (IMR), Ministry of Health, 40170 Shah Alam, Selagor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - R Thayan
- Infectious Disease Research Centre (IDRC), Insitute for Medical Research (IMR), Ministry of Health, 40170 Shah Alam, Selagor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - R Shaharudin
- Environmental Health Research Centre (EHRC), Institute for Medical Research (IMR), Ministry of Health, 40170 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Hassan M, Arfat M, Arshad U, Ahmad N. Ovarian dynamics, hormone profiles, and characterization of ovarian and uterine blood flow in cycling Sahiwal cows. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v51i2.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The objectives were to investigate the ovarian dynamics and hormonal profiles during the oestrus cycle, and to characterize the ovarian and uterine blood flow (OBF versus UBF) indices on the extent of vascular perfusion towards the dominant follicle (DF) or corpus luteum (CL) during the peri-ovulatory follicular wave in Sahiwal cows. In experiment 1, cyclic cows (n = 21) were selected at their spontaneous oestrus (day 0) and subjected to B-mode ultrasonography throughout the oestrus cycle. In experiment 2, cyclic cows (n = 9) were randomly selected at day 0, and categorized according to the intra-ovarian patterns as ovaries with DF (n = 3), CL (n = 3) or both (DF+CL; n = 3) to characterize the OBF and UBF indices using Doppler ultrasonography. The length of the oestrus cycle (days), number of follicular waves (n) and size (mm) of DF and CL were 20.1 ± 0.9, 2.1 ± 0.2, 14.7 ± 0.7 and 15.9 ± 2.5, respectively. The concentrations (ng/mL) of plasma progesterone increased linearly, and a peak was attained at day 12.2 ± 1.0. However, it reduced linearly with the onset of luteolysis at day 16.4 ± 0.3 of the oestrus cycle. The plasma progesterone (P4) concentrations and the diameter of CL correlated throughout the oestrus cycle. The mean OBF and UBF indices did not differ between intraovarian patterns. Taken together, this information on reproductive physiological parameters could be used to develop synchronization protocols to improve reproductive management in Sahiwal cows.
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Ahmad N, Hasan MG, Barbhuiya RK. Identification and prioritization of strategies to tackle COVID-19 outbreak: A group-BWM based MCDM approach. Appl Soft Comput 2021; 111:107642. [PMID: 34230822 PMCID: PMC8252723 DOI: 10.1016/j.asoc.2021.107642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The world is reeling in the midst of the novel coronavirus pandemic with fear of rising toll due to the deadly virus. Decision making during a pandemic outbreak has numerous challenges. Covid19 has become a challenging problem for organizations, countries and the world at large. It is even more complicated when governments and medical care communities are changing their priorities based on the growing challenges and level of effectiveness of measures taken in other countries. In this study, a potential application of a well-known MCDM method called the Group Best-Worst Method is presented to overcome such challenges and draw the strategies to handle COVID19 outbreak. The methodology is applied to rank the 10 identified strategies based on their relative importance provided by multiple groups of stakeholder. These strategies focus on social distancing, medical care, essential commodities, financial support to poor people, public awareness, overall impact of COVID19, digital surveillance of infected or doubtful people, maintaining the economy of the country, and an effect on industries. Furthermore, the local and global weights along with ranking order of strategies are obtained. A sensitivity analysis has also been done to show the change in global weights and ranking order of strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naeem Ahmad
- Department of Computer Applications, Madanapalle Institute of Technology and Science, Madanapalle, India
| | - Md Gulzarul Hasan
- Department of Mathematics, Madanapalle Institute of Technology and Science, Madanapalle, India
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Mardiana O, Nor Afiah MZ, Ahmad N, Tan KA, Murallitharan M. Effectiveness of an independent physical activity programme in improving physical activity amongst breast and colorectal cancer survivors: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Med J Malaysia 2021; 76:480-487. [PMID: 34305108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research has documented the benefits of physical activity (PA) for cancer survivors which include improved quality of life, physical, physiological, emotional and social functioning, reduced relapse of cancer and the mitigation of cancer mortality. This study aims to evaluate the effects of an independent PA programme based on PA level, quality of life, self-efficacy, outcome expectations, reinforcement, behavioural capability and observational learning amongst registered National Cancer Society Malaysia's (NCSM) cancer survivors. METHODS A two-armed, parallel, double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial, intervention and wait-list control groups will be conducted amongst 106 NCSM's cancer survivors. The programme is developed based on a Social Cognitive Theory that combines both psychoeducation and social media approaches to behavioural intervention. The duration of intervention will be 2 months, in which data will be collected at baseline, 2- month (immediately post-intervention) and 4-month. The primary outcome of the study is to determine the PA level of the participant which will be measured as METminutes/ week of PA using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). There are four measurements of PA that are measured which are moderate and vigorous PA (MVPA) MET-minutes/week, light PA MET-minutes/week, moderate PA MET-minutes/week and vigorous PA METminutes/ week. A Generalised Estimating Equation (GEE) analysis will be used to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention, adjusted for baseline covariates on both continuous and categorical outcomes. This study will utilize a significance level of 0.05 with a confidence interval of 95% for means estimation in rejecting null hypothesis. The trial registered to the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials (ANZCTR) with the Registration Number, ACTRN12620000039987. CONCLUSION The programme will be useful as a supplementary prescription to assist policy makers to strengthen non-pharmacological cancer management options and to empower cancer survivors to be self-reliant and self-sufficient to include PA as part of their recovery process.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Mardiana
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Community Health Department, Malaysia
| | - M Z Nor Afiah
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Community Health Department, Malaysia.
| | - N Ahmad
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Community Health Department, Malaysia
| | - K A Tan
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Psychiatry Department, Malaysia
| | - M Murallitharan
- National Cancer Society Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Rasheed T, Ahmad N, Ali J, Hassan AA, Sher F, Rizwan K, Iqbal HMN, Bilal M. Nano and micro architectured cues as smart materials to mitigate recalcitrant pharmaceutical pollutants from wastewater. Chemosphere 2021; 274:129785. [PMID: 33548642 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals have been recognized for saving billions of lives, but they also appear as a novel group of environmental pollutants. The presence of pharmaceutically active residues in seawater, surface water, wastewater treatment plants, sludges, and soils has been widely reported. Their persistence in the environment for extended durations exerts various adverse consequences, such as gene toxicity, hormonal interference, antibiotic resistance, sex organs imposition, and many others. Various methodologies have been envisioned for their removal from the aqueous media. Different processes have been restricted due to high cost, inefficient removal, generation of toxic materials, and high capital requirement. The employment of nanostructured materials to mitigate pharmaceutical contaminants has been increasing during the last decades. The adsorptive nanomaterials have a high surface area, low cost, eco-friendliness, and high affinity for inorganic and organic molecules. In this review, we have documented the rising concerns of environmental pharmaceutical contamination and their remediation by applications of nanomaterials. Nanomaterials could be a robust candidate for the removal of an array of environmental contaminants in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Rasheed
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Naeem Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences National University of Science and Technology, H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Jazib Ali
- School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Adeel Ahmad Hassan
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Farooq Sher
- School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Automotive Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Environmental and Computing, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, United Kingdom
| | - Komal Rizwan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal, 57000, Pakistan.
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, China.
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Attaullah M, Ullah U, Ilahi I, Ahmad N, Rahman FU, Ullah J, Dad O, Amin M, Hassan HU, Ullah R, Buneri ID. Taxonomic, morphometric and limnological assessment of the commercially important ichthyofauna of Sakhakot Stream, Malakand, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 82:e243774. [PMID: 34161430 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.243774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted for the taxonomic, morphometric and limnological assessment of the commercially important ichthyofauna of Sakhakot Stream, Malakand, Pakistan. The study area was divided into three sites along the water course namely Dargai Stream, Sakhakot Stream and Shergarh Stream. Fish samples were collected randomly during January to August 2017 with the help of fish gears. A taxonomic key was designed for the collected fish specimens. Ten fish species were identified belonging to 3 orders and 4 families. Family Cyprinidae was the dominant family with seven representative species while families Siluridae, Nemacheilidae and Mastacembelidae were represented by one species each. Lower mean total length and standard length was recorded in Puntius conchonius (Hamilton, 1822) as 9.2 ± 0.6 cm and 7.3 ± 0.6 cm respectively, while highest mean total length and standard length was recorded in Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepede, 1800) as 28.1 ± 1.7 cm and 15.9 ± 2.4 cm respectively. Mean pH of the water ranged from 6.1 at Shergarh Stream in August to 8.7 at Sakhakot Stream in January. Average temperature range was recorded from 10.9 °C in January at Dargai Stream to 18.7 °C in August at Shergarh Stream. No statistically significant difference was found for temperature (p = 0.96) and pH (p = 0.14) in the three water streams. The present study will provide a baseline for the rearing and enhancement of wild stock of the commercially important ichthyofauna in the field of aquaculture and fisheries.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Attaullah
- University of Malakand, Department of Zoology, Chakdara, Dir Lower, Pakistan
| | - U Ullah
- Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Department of Zoology, Sheringal, Dir Upper, Pakistan
| | - I Ilahi
- University of Malakand, Department of Zoology, Chakdara, Dir Lower, Pakistan
| | - N Ahmad
- Department of Maritime Sciences, Bahria University Karachi, Karachi-75260, Pakistan
| | - F U Rahman
- Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Department of Zoology, Sheringal, Dir Upper, Pakistan
| | - J Ullah
- Post graduate College Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - O Dad
- Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Department of Zoology, Sheringal, Dir Upper, Pakistan
| | - M Amin
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Pakistan
| | - H U Hassan
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Pakistan
| | - R Ullah
- Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Department of Zoology, Sheringal, Dir Upper, Pakistan
| | - I D Buneri
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Pakistan
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Andev RS, Ahmad N, Verdiyeva A, Luqmani R, Dubey S. OP0063 SINGLE CENTRE EXPERIENCE OF THE CLINICAL SPECTRUM, AETIOLOGIES AND MANAGEMENT OF NON-INFECTIOUS AORTITIS. Ann Rheum Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.1546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Aortitis, a rare form of large vessel vasculitis, may occur in the context of a primary systemic vasculitis, as a part of systemic autoimmune disease or in isolation. The evidence and guidelines to diagnose, manage and monitor aortitis remain limited. However, PET CT and vascular MRI scans have facilitated our ability to make the diagnosis more readily. The optimal management strategy and complication rates remain uncertain.Objectives:Our aim was to explore the clinical, laboratory and radiological features of aortitis. We sought to review the management and complications of this illness by collecting detailed information on the outcomes and treatments used, including disease modifying agents (DMARDs) and biologics.Methods:Patients diagnosed with aortitis since 2006 that had been managed in a single tertiary centre were identified using the Rheumatology Assessment Database Innovation in Oxford (RHADIO). Their medical notes were retrospectively reviewed using a local electronic patient record system and the following information was obtained: demographics, underlying risk factors, imaging and laboratory results (including biopsy reports if available), management and outcome.Results:We identified 155 patients who met the inclusion criteria. There was a female preponderance of 57.4% (n=89). At the time of diagnosis, the average age was 69 (range 30-92) and the mean symptomatology length prior to diagnosis was 12 months (range 0-120). The majority of patients (60.4%, n=94) had aortitis secondary to giant cell arteritis (GCA), isolated aortitis was identified in 29.7% (n=46) and IgG4-related disease aortitis was uncommon (2.6%, n=4). Those with cranial GCA-like symptoms were diagnosed on average 3.9 months before those who presented differently (10.1 months versus 14.0 months).Common presentations comprised: systemic inflammatory response syndrome (49.0%, n=76), cranial GCA-like symptoms (26.5%, n=41) and unexplained weight loss (24.5%, n=38). Importantly, 18.7% (n=29) of patients presented with ischaemic symptoms that included angina, TIAs/strokes and claudication. Aortic dissection was the primary presentation for 6.5% (n=10) of patients.At presentation, the mean CRP was 84 mg/L (range 1-249) and the ESR was 72 mm/hr (range 2-164). Most (73.5%, n=114) had diagnostic PET CT changes. For those patients with GCA, diagnostic ultrasound changes were seen in 27.7% (n=26).Nearly all were treated with prednisolone (92.3%, n=143) and all but 8 (5.1%) received a DMARD at some point. Methotrexate was the most commonly used DMARD (93.9%, n=138), followed by leflunomide (22.3%, n=35) and azathioprine (19.1%, n=28). Cyclophosphamide was used in 23.8% of patients (n=38) and 15 patients (9.7%) received tocilizumab.Around a third (34.1% n=53/155) had received at least two DMARDs during their treatment course. On average, patients required 3.46 drugs to manage their aortitis. Those who relapsed (43.2%, n=67) were more likely to have GCA (65.7%, n=44).Vascular sequelae were present in 37.4% (n=58). The most common complications were ischaemic in nature with stroke/TIA and claudication reported in 16.8% (n=26). Aortic aneurysms were recorded in 11.6% (n=18) of cases and 5.1% (n=8) developed dissections despite being on treatment for their aortitis. One patient developed renal infarcts and ischaemic bowel leading to intestinal failure because of florid vasculitis.Conclusion:Aortitis has a varied presentation with systemic inflammatory response syndrome being the most common. Delayed diagnosis remains a problem and especially for those with non-GCA related aortitis, which is likely to contribute to the risk of subsequent vascular complications. Vascular events including dissection are common, many of which could be preventable, emphasising the importance of early diagnosis and good disease control.References:[1]Koster M et al. Large-vessel giant cell arteritis: diagnosis, monitoring and management. Rheumatology [Internet]. 2018 Feb 1;57(suppl_2):ii32–42. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/kex424Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Rasheed T, Anwar MT, Ahmad N, Sher F, Khan SUD, Ahmad A, Khan R, Wazeer I. Valorisation and emerging perspective of biomass based waste-to-energy technologies and their socio-environmental impact: A review. J Environ Manage 2021; 287:112257. [PMID: 33690013 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The economic developments around the globe resulted in the increased demand of energy, which overburdened the supply chain sources of energy. Fossil fuel reserves are exploited to meet the high demand of energy and their combustion is becoming the main source of environmental pollution. So there is dire need to find safe, renewable and sustainable energy resources. Waste to energy (WtE) may be viewed as a possible alternate source of energy, which is economically and environmentally sustainable. Municipal solid waste (MSW) is a major contributor to the development of renewable energy and sustainable environment. At present the scarcity of renewable energy resources and disposal of MSW is a challenging problem for the developing countries, which has generated a wide ranging socioeconomic and environmental problems. This situation stimulates the researchers to develop alternatives for converting WtE under a variety of scenarios. Herein, the present scenario in developing the WtE technologies such as, thermal conversion methods (Incineration, Gasification, Pyrolysis, Torrefaction), Plasma technology, Biochemical methods, Chemical and Mechanical methods, Bio-electrochemical process, Mechanical biological treatment (MBT), Photo-biological processes for efficacious energy recovery and the challenges confronted by developing and developed countries. In this review, a framework for the evaluation of WtE technologies has been presented for the ease of researchers working in the field. Furthermore, this review concluded that WtE is a potential renewable energy source that will partially satisfy the demand for energy and ensure an efficient MSW management to overcome the environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Rasheed
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Muhammad Tuoqeer Anwar
- COMSATS University Islamabad (Sahiwal Campus), Off G.T. Rd., Sahiwal, Punjab, 57000, Pakistan
| | - Naeem Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences National University of Science and Technology, H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Farooq Sher
- School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Automotive Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Environmental and Computing, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, United Kingdom
| | - Salah Ud-Din Khan
- Sustainable Energy Technologies (SET) Center, College of Engineering, King Saud University, PO-Box 800, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ashfaq Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawaiz Khan
- Engineer Abdullah Bugshan Research Chair for Dental and Oral Rehabilitation, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Irfan Wazeer
- Chemical Engineering Department, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia
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Khan W, Naqvi SMHM, Ahmad N, Kamal M, Hassan H, Noor A, Khan S, Ahmad J, Ullah U, Akhtar S, Shadman M. Prevalence of rhabdochoniasis in snow trout of river Swat and river Panjkora, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 82:e238874. [PMID: 34037079 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.238874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This research was aimed to explore the helminth parasitic diseases in Schizothorax plagiostomus (the snow trout) from river Swat and river Panjkora, Pakistan. Collection of 360 fish specimens have done from the lower, middle and upper reaches of both the rivers through gill nets, cast nets, dragon nets and hooks. All the samples were examined in the University of Malakand, Zoology Department for helminth parasites during the months from January 2015 to December 2016. Of the total examined fish samples 21.9% (n=79) were infected with Rhabdochona spp including 17.7% (n=32/180) in river Swat and 26.6% (n=47/180) in river Panjkora. Highest month-wise prevalence (p=0.09878,p<0.05) was reported in May (30%), then by February and October each (26.6%) while the lowest during August (13.3%). Highest prevalence (p=0.9723, p<0.05) was reported in summer season (26.6%), while lowest in the winter season (20%). Adults were highly infected (p=< 0.0001) in prevalence (63.7%) followed by sub-adults (13.2%) while no infection was found in juvenile specimens. Females fish samples had higher (p=0.0277, p>0.05) prevalence (28.8%) than males (16.6%). Fishes of the lower reaches had highest (p=0.0029, P>0.05) prevalence (31.7%) followed by middle reaches (16.5%) while the lowest prevalence was observed in samples of fish collected from upper reaches (9.87%). Present study address that Rhabdochona spp in the intestine of snow trout has a long term relationship and call as a natural infection in cyprinids and zoonotic risk to human.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Khan
- University of Malakand, Department of Zoology, Chakdara, Lower Dir, Pakistan
| | - S M H M Naqvi
- Southern Zone Agricultural Research Center - SARC, Outreach Research Activity Unit - ORAU, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - N Ahmad
- Bahria University, Aquatic Diagnostic Laboratories, Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - M Kamal
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - H Hassan
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - A Noor
- Karakoram International University, Department of Biological Sciences, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan
| | - S Khan
- Quaid-e-Azam University, Department of Animal Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - J Ahmad
- University of Malakand, Department of Zoology, Chakdara, Lower Dir, Pakistan
| | - U Ullah
- University of Malakand, Department of Zoology, Chakdara, Lower Dir, Pakistan
| | - S Akhtar
- Hazara University Mansehra, Department of Zoology, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - M Shadman
- University of Malakand, Department of Zoology, Chakdara, Lower Dir, Pakistan
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Khan W, Arshad S, Khatoon N, Khan I, Ahmad N, Kamal M, UlHassan H, Khan N, Haq AU, Ilyas M, Ullah S, Ullah I, Mahmoud AH, Mohammed OB. Food handlers: an important reservoir of protozoans and helminth parasites of public health importance. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 82:e238891. [PMID: 34037080 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.238891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Food handlers plays a primary role in the transmission of pathogenically important protozoans and helminth parasites. This study was aimed to evaluate the prevalence of intestinal pathogenic protozoans and helminth parasites among food handlers in and around University of Malakand, Lower Dir, Pakistan. Stool samples were collected from 642 food handlers (all of male) in a cross-sectional study from January to November, 2017. Wet Mount Techniques and concentration methods by using salt and formol-ether solutions. Three hundred and eighty four cases (59.8%) were found infected with one more parasites. Most of the individuals were found infected with helminth (47.6%) as compared to intestinal protozoans (0.93%). Seventy two cases (11.2%) of the cases presented mixed infection with both intestinal protozoan and helminth parasites. The order of prevalence for intestinal helminth was Ancylostoma duodenale (n = 258, 40.1%), followed by Taeniasa ginata (n=96, 14.9%) Ascaris lumbricoides (n = 54, 8.40%) and Trichuris trichura (n=30, 4.60%). For intestinal protozoa, Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (n = 36, 5.64%) was the only protozoan detected. Mono-parasitism was higher than poly-parasitism. Family size income and education level were the factors significantly (P<0.05) associated in the parasites prevalence. Current research showed that IPIs are primarily the foodborne pathogens still an important public health problem in Pakistan. Effective control programs on parasitic diseases transfer and their associated factors are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Khan
- University of Malakand, Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Zoology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - S Arshad
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - N Khatoon
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - I Khan
- Swat Medical College, Medical College, Saidu Group of Teaching Hospital, Medical Unit A, Saidu Sharif Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - N Ahmad
- Bahria University, Department of Maritime sciences, Karachi-75260 Pakistan
| | - M Kamal
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - H UlHassan
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - N Khan
- University of Malakand, Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Zoology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - A Ul Haq
- University of Malakand, Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Zoology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - M Ilyas
- University of Malakand, Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Zoology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - S Ullah
- University of Swabi, Department of Zoology, Swabi, Pakistan
| | - I Ullah
- Karakoram International University, Department of Biological Science, Ghizer Campus, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan
| | - A H Mahmoud
- King Saud University, College of Science, Department Zoology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - O B Mohammed
- King Saud University, College of Science, Department Zoology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Shahzad A, Sattar A, Ahmad N, Ahmad I, Yousaf M, Blouch R, Abbas S, Nak D, Nak Y, Ray D, Silvia W. Evaluation of synchronization protocols and methods of early pregnancy diagnosis in dairy cattle. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v50i6.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The studies aimed to evaluate the pregnancy rate (PR) for timed artificial insemination (TAI) after G7G-Ovsynch, modified G7G-Ovsynch (MG7G-Ovsynch) and Ovsynch protocols and to assess the accuracy of using pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs) and plasma progesterone (P4) in pregnancy diagnosis compared with ultrasonography (US). In study 1, Holstein cows (n = 37) were bred by TAI following the G7G-Ovsynch protocol (n = 19) or MG7G-Ovsynch (n = 18). Pregnancy was evaluated by US at days 31, 59, and 87 after breeding. The PR was not different for the G7G-Ovsynch and MG7G-Ovsynch. Blood and milk samples were collected on day 3 after insemination and then weekly through day 59 post TAI in cows diagnosed as not pregnant on day 31 and through day 87 in pregnant cows. PAGs were measured using ELISA and P4 by radioimmunoassay (RIA). In the second study, Holstein cows (n = 212) were bred by TAI following G7G-Ovsynch protocol (n = 110) or standard Ovsynch (n = 102). Cows were subjected to pregnancy diagnosis on days 30, 60, and 90. A subset (n = 15 in each group) was subjected to blood and milk samples on days 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 to measure PAGs and P4. In study 2, PR was not significantly different between synchronization protocols on days 30, 60, and 90. Pregnancy loss averaged 15% between day 30 and day 90. The use of PAGs and P4 proved equally effective in diagnosis of pregnancy. Thus, G7G-Ovsynch was deemed the protocol of choice in postpartum cows, and PAGs assayed in milk or plasma could be used to diagnose pregnancy.
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Hussain S, Hussain S, Ali B, Ren X, Chen X, Li Q, Saqib M, Ahmad N. Recent progress in understanding salinity tolerance in plants: Story of Na +/K + balance and beyond. Plant Physiol Biochem 2021; 160:239-256. [PMID: 33524921 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
High salt concentrations in the growing medium can severely affect the growth and development of plants. It is imperative to understand the different components of salt-tolerant network in plants in order to produce the salt-tolerant cultivars. High-affinity potassium transporter- and myelocytomatosis proteins have been shown to play a critical role for salinity tolerance through exclusion of sodium (Na+) ions from sensitive shoot tissues in plants. Numerous genes, that limit the uptake of salts from soil and their transport throughout the plant body, adjust the ionic and osmotic balance of cells in roots and shoots. In the present review, we have tried to provide a comprehensive report of major research advances on different mechanisms regulating plant tolerance to salinity stress at proteomics, metabolomics, genomics and transcriptomics levels. Along with the role of ionic homeostasis, a major focus was given on other salinity tolerance mechanisms in plants including osmoregulation and osmo-protection, cell wall remodeling and integrity, and plant antioxidative defense. Major proteins and genes expressed under salt-stressed conditions and their role in enhancing salinity tolerance in plants are discussed as well. Moreover, this manuscript identifies and highlights the key questions on plant salinity tolerance that remain to be discussed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadam Hussain
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China; Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Saddam Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan; Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Basharat Ali
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Xiaolong Ren
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Muhammad Saqib
- Agronomic Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Naeem Ahmad
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Yaseen M, Saleem M, Nawaz M, Ahmad N, Riaz A. 55 Donor age has the least influence on recovery, quality, and in vitro developmental competence of ovum pickup–based Holstein Friesian oocytes under subtropical conditions. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv33n2ab55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of oocytes obtained from younger donors for invitro fertilization followed by embryo transfer represents an opportunity to accelerate genetic gain by reducing generation interval. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of age of donor on the follicular population, recovery, quality and invitro developmental competence of ovum pickup based Holstein Friesian oocytes under subtropical conditions. A total of eight (n=8) Holstein Friesian (with proper oestrus cyclicity) were selected for the study and divided into 2 groups based on animal age: (1) heifers (n=4), 1.5 to 2 years of age, and (2) adults (n=4), 5 to 6 years of age. The study was conducted near Lahore (31°33′ N, 74°19′ E), Punjab, Pakistan, from November 2019 to February 2020. The animals were wave synchronized using the physiological method of wave synchronization. After 4 days of second dominant follicle puncture, the first ovum pickup was carried out and a total of nine (n=9) OPU sessions were held for each group. The COCs from the follicles were aspirated using a transvaginal ultrasound–guided needle. Following searching and grading, COCs of grade A, B and C were processed for IVM in 100-µL droplets of BO-IVM under mineral oil at 37°C, 5% CO2, and 95% humidity for 24h. The frozen semen of a high-pedigree bull was thawed at 37°C and observed for post-thaw sperm motility. The semen samples of the same bull having motility >50% were processed using the sperm swim-up method throughout the study. The IVF was carried out by placing the COCs and required amount of sperm in 100-µL droplets of BO-IVF at similar conditions for a maximum of 18h. The presumptive zygotes were denuded by gentle pipetting and cultured for a period of 7 days after placing in 100-µL drops of BO-IVC at 37°C, 5% CO2, 5% O2, and maximum humidity. The presumptive zygotes were observed for cleavage rate and blastocyst rate on Days 2 and 7 following COCs-sperm co-incubation. Data on the follicular population, oocytes recovered, and viable oocytes were analysed by the PROC GLIMMIX of SAS (SAS Institute Inc.), and proportional data were analysed by the Chi-squared method using SAS 9.1. COCs of grade AB (35.2 vs. 25.4%) were higher (P>0.05) in the adult group than in the heifer group, respectively. Similarly, COCs with grade CD (57.5 vs. 71.9%) were lower (P<0.05) in the adult group compared with the heifer group, respectively. However, the total follicles (6.55±0.42 vs. 6.39±0.39), number of COCs recovered (3.33±0.32 vs. 3.17±0.41), viable oocytes (3.08±0.29 vs. 3.08±0.39), cleavage rate (60.3 vs. 68.7%), and blastocyst rate (38.7 vs. 48.8%) did not differ (P>0.05) between the groups. To conclude, donor age up to third lactation, under subtropical conditions, does not affect invitro embryo production in Holstein Friesian undergoing repeated OPU.
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Haider FU, Virk AL, Rehmani MIA, Skalicky M, Ata-ul-Karim ST, Ahmad N, Soufan W, Brestic M, Sabagh AEL, Liqun C. Integrated Application of Thiourea and Biochar Improves Maize Growth, Antioxidant Activity and Reduces Cadmium Bioavailability in Cadmium-Contaminated Soil. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:809322. [PMID: 35178057 PMCID: PMC8845445 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.809322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination of croplands jeopardizes sustainable crop production and human health. However, curtailing Cd transfer and mobility in the rhizosphere-plant system is challenging. Sole application of biochar (BC) and thiourea (TU) has been reported to restrain Cd toxicity and uptake in plants. However, the combined applications of BC and TU in mitigating the harmful effects of Cd on plants have not yet been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, this study attempts to explore the integrated impact of three maize stalk BC application rates [B 0 (0% w/w), B 1 (2.5% w/w), and B 2 (5% w/w)] and three TU foliar application rates [T 0 (0 mg L-1), T 1 (600 mg L-1), and T 2 (1,200 mg L-1)] in remediating the adverse effects of Cd on maize growth, development, and physiology. Results demonstrated that Cd concentration in soil inhibited plant growth by reducing leaf area, photosynthesis activity, and enhanced oxidative stress in maize. Nevertheless, BC and TU application in combination (B 2 T 2) improved the fresh biomass, shoot height, leaf area, and photosynthesis rate of maize plants by 27, 42, 36, and 15%, respectively, compared with control (B 0 T 0). Additionally, the oxidative stress values [malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and electrolyte leakage (EL)] were minimized by 26, 20, and 21%, respectively, under B 2 T 2 as compared with B 0 T 0. Antioxidant enzyme activities [superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)] were 81 and 58%, respectively, higher in B 2 T 2 than in B 0 T 0. Besides, the shoot and root Cd concentrations were decreased by 42 and 49%, respectively, under B 2 T 2 compared with B 0 T 0. The recent study showed that the integrated effects of BC and TU have significant potential to improve the growth of maize on Cd-contaminated soil by reducing Cd content in plant organs (shoots and roots).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fasih Ullah Haider
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ahmad Latif Virk
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Farming System, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Beijing, China
| | - Muhammad Ishaq Asif Rehmani
- Departmet of Agronomy, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Muhammad Ishaq Asif Rehmani,
| | - Milan Skalicky
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | | | - Naeem Ahmad
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Walid Soufan
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Ayman E. L. Sabagh
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr el-Sheikh, Egypt
- Ayman E. L. Sabagh,
| | - Cai Liqun
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- Cai Liqun,
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Mohamed Sukur S, Palaniappan P, Maniam S, Abdul Hadi Sabri F, Ahmad N. Serotypes and beta-lactamase-producing Haemophilus influenzae isolated from children attending childcare centres in Kuala Lumpur post vaccination era. Int J Infect Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Ahmad N, Shah SA, Abdul Gafor AH, Abdul Murad NA, Kamaruddin MA, Abd Jalal N, Ismail N, Alias MR, Jamal R. Gene-environment interaction in chronic kidney disease among people with type 2 diabetes from The Malaysian Cohort project: a case-control study. Diabet Med 2020; 37:1890-1901. [PMID: 32012348 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM To examine the possible gene-environment interactions between 32 single nucleotide polymorphisms and environmental factors that could modify the probability of chronic kidney disease. METHODS A case-control study was conducted involving 600 people with type 2 diabetes (300 chronic kidney disease cases, 300 controls) who participated in The Malaysian Cohort project. Retrospective subanalysis was performed on the chronic kidney disease cases to assess chronic kidney disease progression from the recruitment phase. We genotyped 32 single nucleotide polymorphisms using mass spectrometry. The probability of chronic kidney disease and predicted rate of newly detected chronic kidney disease progression were estimated from the significant gene-environment interaction analyses. RESULTS Four single nucleotide polymorphisms (eNOS rs2070744, PPARGC1A rs8192678, KCNQ1 rs2237895 and KCNQ1 rs2283228) and five environmental factors (age, sex, smoking, waist circumference and HDL) were significantly associated with chronic kidney disease. Gene-environment interaction analyses revealed significant probabilities of chronic kidney disease for sex (PPARGC1A rs8192678), smoking (eNOS rs2070744, PPARGC1A rs8192678 and KCNQ1 rs2237895), waist circumference (eNOS rs2070744, PPARGC1A rs8192678, KCNQ1 rs2237895 and KCNQ1 rs2283228) and HDL (eNOS rs2070744 and PPARGC1A rs8192678). Subanalysis indicated that the rate of newly detected chronic kidney disease progression was 133 cases per 1000 person-years (95% CI: 115, 153), with a mean follow-up period of 4.78 (SD 0.73) years. There was a significant predicted rate of newly detected chronic kidney disease progression in gene-environment interactions between KCNQ1 rs2283228 and two environmental factors (sex and BMI). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the gene-environment interactions of eNOS rs2070744, PPARGC1A rs8192678, KCNQ1 rs2237895 and KCNQ1 rs2283228 with specific environmental factors could modify the probability for chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ahmad
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Epidemiology and Statistics Unit, Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S A Shah
- Epidemiology and Statistics Unit, Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A H Abdul Gafor
- Nephrology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - N A Abdul Murad
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M A Kamaruddin
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - N Abd Jalal
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - M R Alias
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - R Jamal
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Mazhar S, Qarni AA, Haq YU, Haq ZU, Murtaza I, Ahmad N, Jabeen N, Amin S. Electrospun PVA/TiC Nanofibers for High Performance Capacitive Humidity Sensing. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.104974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Amjed N, Wajid AM, Ahmad N, Ishaq M, Aslam MN, Hussain M, Qaim SM. Evaluation of nuclear reaction cross sections for optimization of production of the important non-standard positron emitting radionuclide 89Zr using proton and deuteron induced reactions on 89Y target. Appl Radiat Isot 2020; 165:109338. [PMID: 32795775 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
89Zr (T1/2 = 3.27 d) is an important β+-emitting radionuclide of zirconium used in immuno PET. The excitation functions of the 89Y(d,2n)89Zr and 89Y(p,n)89Zr reactions were analyzed to deduce the optimum conditions for the high purity production of 89Zr. The nuclear model codes ALICE-IPPE, EMPIRE 3.2 and TALYS 1.9 were used to check the consistency and reliability of the experimental data. A polynomial fit to the chosen data for each reaction gave the excitation function, which was then used for the integral yield calculation of the product. The amount of the major radioactive impurity 88Zr was precisely analyzed for both the proton and the deuteron induced reactions on the 89Y target.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Amjed
- Department of Physics, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - A M Wajid
- Department of Physics, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - N Ahmad
- Department of Physics, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Ishaq
- Applied Physics Division, National Centre for Physics, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M N Aslam
- Department of Physics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - M Hussain
- Department of Physics, Government College University Lahore, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - S M Qaim
- Institut für Neurowissenschaften und Medizin, INM-5: Nuklearchemie, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425, Jülich, Germany
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Shafique S, Jabeen N, Ahmad KS, Irum S, Anwaar S, Ahmad N, Alam S, Ilyas M, Khan TF, Hussain SZ. Green fabricated zinc oxide nanoformulated media enhanced callus induction and regeneration dynamics of Panicum virgatum L. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230464. [PMID: 32645102 PMCID: PMC7347099 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study focuses on the usage of bio synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles to increase the tissue culture efficiency of important forage grass Panicum virgatum. Zinc being a micronutrient enhanced the callogenesis and regeneration efficiency of Panicum virgatum at different concentrations. Here, we synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles through Cymbopogon citratus leaves extract to evaluate the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on plant regeneration ability in switchgrass. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) validate phase purity of green synthesize Zinc oxide nanoparticles whereas, electron microscopy (SEM) has illustrated the average size of particle 50±4 nm with hexagonal rod like shape. Energy dispersive spectroscopy X-ray (EDS) depicted major peaks of Zn (92.68%) while minor peaks refer to Oxygen (7.32%). ZnO-NPs demonstrated the incredibly promising results against callogenesis. Biosynthesized ZnO-NPs at optimum concentration showed very promising effect on plant regeneration ability. Both the explants, seeds and nodes showed dose dependent response and upon high doses exceeding 40 mg/L the results were recorded negative, whereas at 30 mg/L both explants demonstrated 70% and 76% regeneration frequency. The results conclude that ZnO-NPs enhance the plant growth and development and tailored the nutritive properties at nano-scale. Furthermore, eco-friendly approach of ZnO-NPs synthesis is strongly believed to improve in vitro regeneration frequencies in several other monocot plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Shafique
- Department of Biological Sciences, Applied Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Lab, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Plant Breeding and Molecular Genetics, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Nyla Jabeen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Applied Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Lab, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- * E-mail: (NJ); (KSA)
| | - Khawaja Shafique Ahmad
- Department of Botany, University of Poonch, Rawalakot (UPR), Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
- * E-mail: (NJ); (KSA)
| | - Samra Irum
- Department of Biological Sciences, Applied Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Lab, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sadaf Anwaar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Applied Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Lab, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Naeem Ahmad
- Department of Physics, Spintronics Laboratory, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Alam
- Department of Microbiology, University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ilyas
- Department of Plant Breeding and Molecular Genetics, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Talha Farooq Khan
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Institute of Space Technology Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Syed Zaheer Hussain
- Department of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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45
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Chhabra G, Singh C, Ndiaye M, Ahmad N. 689 Anti-tumor effects and mechanism of 4′-bromo-resveratrol in a BRAFV600E/ PTENNULL melanoma mouse model. J Invest Dermatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.03.701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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46
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Said D, Yassin Z, Ahmad N, Malik NNNA, Abdullah H. Impact of unbalanced harmonic loads towards winding temperature rise
using FEM modeling. IJEEI 2020; 8. [DOI: 10.11591/ijeei.v8i2.1283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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47
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Said D, Yassin Z, Ahmad N, Malik NNNA, Abdullah H. Impact of unbalanced harmonic loads towards winding temperature rise using FEM modeling. IJEEI 2020; 8. [DOI: 10.52549/ijeei.v8i2.1283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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48
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Whitehead D, Kelly C, Ahmad N. A case series of patients, including a consultant rhinologist, who all experienced a loss of smell associated with confirmed or suspected COVID-19. RHINOL 2020. [DOI: 10.4193/rhinol/20.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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49
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Tahir M, Naeem M, Shahid M, Khalid U, Farooq A, Ahmad N, Ahmad I, Arshad M, Waqar A. Inoculation of
pqq
E gene inhabiting
Pantoea
and
Pseudomonas
strains improves the growth and grain yield of wheat with a reduced amount of chemical fertilizer. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 129:575-589. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.14630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Tahir
- Department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS University Islamabad Vehari Campus Pakistan
| | - M.A. Naeem
- Department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS University Islamabad Vehari Campus Pakistan
| | - M. Shahid
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - U. Khalid
- Department of Agronomy Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan Punjab Pakistan
| | - A.B.U. Farooq
- Department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS University Islamabad Vehari Campus Pakistan
| | - N. Ahmad
- Department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS University Islamabad Vehari Campus Pakistan
| | - I. Ahmad
- Department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS University Islamabad Vehari Campus Pakistan
| | - M. Arshad
- Department of Biotechnology University of Okara Punjab Pakistan
| | - A. Waqar
- Department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS University Islamabad Vehari Campus Pakistan
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50
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Ul Haq Y, Murtaza I, Mazhar S, Ahmad N, Qarni AA, Ul Haq Z, Khan SA, Iqbal M. Investigation of improved dielectric and thermal properties of ternary nanocomposite PMMA/MXene/ZnO fabricated by in‐situ bulk polymerization. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasir Ul Haq
- Spintronics Laboratory, Department of PhysicsInternational Islamic University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Imran Murtaza
- Spintronics Laboratory, Department of PhysicsInternational Islamic University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Sadaf Mazhar
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar Peshawar Pakistan
| | - Naeem Ahmad
- Spintronics Laboratory, Department of PhysicsInternational Islamic University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Awais A. Qarni
- Department of ChemistryChemnitz Technical University Chemnitz Germany
| | - Zeeshan Ul Haq
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of Peshawar Peshawar Pakistan
| | - Shahid A. Khan
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar Peshawar Pakistan
| | - Mahmood Iqbal
- Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Laboratories Complex Peshawar Pakistan
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