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Kawakami N, Sato H, Terasaka N, Matsumoto K, Suga H. MET-Activating Ubiquitin Multimers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202307157. [PMID: 37450419 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202307157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are generally activated through their dimerization and/or oligomerization induced by their cognate ligands, and one such RTK hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) receptor, known as MET, plays an important role in tissue regeneration. Here we show the development of ubiquitin (Ub)-based protein ligand multimers, referred to as U-bodies, which act as surrogate agonists for MET and are derived from MET-binding macrocyclic peptides. Monomeric Ub constructs (U-body) were first generated by genetic implantation of a macrocyclic peptide pharmacophore into a structural loop of Ub (lasso-grafting) and subsequent optimization of its flanking spacer sequences via mRNA display. Such U-body constructs exhibit potent binding affinity to MET, thermal stability, and proteolytic stability. The U-body constructs also partially/fully inhibited or enhanced HGF-induced MET-phosphorylation. Their multimerization to dimeric, tetrameric, and octameric U-bodies linked by an appropriate peptide linker yielded potent MET activation activity and downstream cell proliferation-promoting activity. This work suggests that lasso-grafting of macrocycles to Ub is an effective approach to devising protein-based artificial RTK agonists and it can be useful in the development of a new class of biologics for various therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Kawakami
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hiroki Sato
- Division of Tumor Dynamics and Regulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa City, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
- WPI-Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa City, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Naohiro Terasaka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Kunio Matsumoto
- Division of Tumor Dynamics and Regulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa City, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
- WPI-Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa City, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Suga
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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2
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Chen WH, Chen CH, Chen GH, Chen WC, Chen FXR, Chen PJ, Ku CK, Lee CT, Kawakami N, Li JY, Matsuda I, Chang WH, Lin JJ, Wu CT, Mou CY, Jeng HT, Tang SJ, Lin CL. Enhanced Superconductivity and Rashba Effect in a Buckled Plumbene-Au Kagome Superstructure. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023:e2300845. [PMID: 37132589 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Plumbene, with a structure similar to graphene, is expected to possess a strong spin-orbit coupling and thus enhances its superconducting critical temperature (Tc ). In this work, a buckled plumbene-Au Kagome superstructure grown by depositing Au on Pb(111) is investigated. The superconducting gap monitored by temperature-dependent scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy shows that the buckled plumbene-Au Kagome superstructure not only has an enhanced Tc with respect to that of a monolayer Pb but also possesses a higher value than what owned by a bulk Pb substrate. By combining angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with density functional theory, the monolayer Au-intercalated low-buckled plumbene sandwiched between the top Au Kagome layer and the bottom Pb(111) substrate is confirmed and the electron-phonon coupling-enhanced superconductivity is revealed. This work demonstrates that a buckled plumbene-Au Kagome superstructure can enhance superconducting Tc and Rashba effect, effectively triggering the novel properties of a plumbene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Hsin Chen
- Department of Electrophysics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Hsuan Chen
- Center for Quantum Technology and Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Hao Chen
- Department of Electrophysics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chuan Chen
- Center for Quantum Technology and Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Xiang Rikudo Chen
- Department of Electrophysics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jung Chen
- Department of Electrophysics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Kai Ku
- Department of Electrophysics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Tsan Lee
- Department of Electrophysics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Naoya Kawakami
- Department of Electrophysics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Ying Li
- Center for Quantum Technology and Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Iwao Matsuda
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, 277-8568, Japan
| | - Wen-Hao Chang
- Department of Electrophysics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Juhn-Jong Lin
- Department of Electrophysics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Te Wu
- Department of Electrophysics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yu Mou
- Center for Quantum Technology and Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Tay Jeng
- Center for Quantum Technology and Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
- Physics Division, National Center for Theoretical Sciences, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Jung Tang
- Center for Quantum Technology and Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Liang Lin
- Department of Electrophysics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
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3
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Chen WH, Kawakami N, Hsueh JW, Kuo LH, Chen JY, Liao TW, Kuo CN, Lue CS, Lai YL, Hsu YJ, Lien DH, Hu C, Chou JP, Luo MF, Lin CL. Toward Perfect Surfaces of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides with Ion Bombardment and Annealing Treatment. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:16153-16161. [PMID: 36802501 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c21150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are two-dimensional materials exhibiting a variety of unique features with great potential for electronic and optoelectronic applications. The performance of devices fabricated with mono or few-layer TMD materials, nevertheless, is significantly affected by surface defects in the TMD materials. Recent efforts have been focused on delicate control of growth conditions to reduce the defect density, whereas the preparation of a defect-free surface remains challenging. Here, we show a counterintuitive approach to decrease surface defects on layered TMDs: a two-step process including Ar ion bombardment and subsequent annealing. With this approach, the defects, mainly Te vacancies, on the as-cleaved PtTe2 and PdTe2 surfaces were decreased by more than 99%, giving a defect density <1.0 × 1010 cm-2, which cannot be achieved solely with annealing. We also attempt to propose a mechanism behind the processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Hsin Chen
- Department of Electrophysics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Naoya Kawakami
- Department of Electrophysics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Wen Hsueh
- Department of Physics, National Central University, Jhongli 320, Taiwan
| | - Lai-Hsiang Kuo
- Department of Physics, National Central University, Jhongli 320, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Yu Chen
- Department of Electrophysics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Wei Liao
- Department of Physics, National Central University, Jhongli 320, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Nung Kuo
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Taiwan Consortium of Emergent Crystalline Materials, National Science and Technology Council, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Shan Lue
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Taiwan Consortium of Emergent Crystalline Materials, National Science and Technology Council, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Program on Key Materials, Academy of Innovative Semiconductor and Sustainable Manufacturing, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ling Lai
- Nanoscience Group, National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Jane Hsu
- Nanoscience Group, National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Der-Hsien Lien
- Institute of Electronic Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Chenming Hu
- International College of Semiconductor Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Pin Chou
- Department of Physics, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Fan Luo
- Department of Physics, National Central University, Jhongli 320, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Liang Lin
- Department of Electrophysics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
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4
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Kawakami N, Arafune R, Minamitani E, Kawahara K, Takagi N, Lin CL. Anomalous dewetting growth of Si on Ag(111). Nanoscale 2022; 14:14623-14629. [PMID: 36164927 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr03409c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the novel growth of silicene grown on Ag(111) using STM and reveal the mechanism with KMC simulation. Our STM study shows that after the complete formation of the first layer of silicene, it is transformed into bulk Si with the reappearance of the bare Ag surface. This dewetting (DW) during the epitaxial growth is an exception in the conventional growth behavior. Our KMC simulation reproduces DW by taking into account the differences in the activation energies of Si atoms on Ag, silicene, and bulk Si. The growth modes change depending on the activation energy of the diffusion, temperature, and deposition rate, highlighting the importance of kinetics in growing metastable 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Kawakami
- Department of Electrophysics, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
| | - Ryuichi Arafune
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 304-0044, Japan
| | - Emi Minamitani
- Institute for Molecular Science, 38 Nishigo-Naka, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Kawahara
- Institute of Engineering Innovation, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Noriaki Takagi
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Chun-Liang Lin
- Department of Electrophysics, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
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5
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Hidaka Y, Sasaki N, Imamura K, Tsuno K, Kuroda R, Kawakami N. Changes in fears and worries related to COVID-19 during the pandemic among current employees in Japan: a 5-month longitudinal study. Public Health 2021; 198:69-74. [PMID: 34365108 PMCID: PMC8463081 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2021.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Objectives This study investigates and describes the time course of fears and worries about COVID-19 among current employees during this outbreak. Study design This was a longitudinal study. Methods This study was a part of the Employee Cohort Study in Japan. The study comprised 4120 individuals from February 2019. A baseline survey in March 2020, a 2-month follow-up survey in May 2020, and a 5-month follow-up survey in August 2020 were conducted. Questions surveyed respondents’ global fear and worry and six items related to COVID-19. A mixed model for repeated measures of an analysis of variance was used. Results A total of 1421 respondents completed the baseline survey. At 2- and 5-month follow-ups, 1032 and 1181 respondents completed surveys, respectively. Of those, 64 and 33 individuals who were temporarily laid off or on leave were recorded as missing values. Global fear and worry about COVID-19 significantly increased from March to August 2020. Fears of personal or family infection, limiting one's activities and national and local government policies also significantly increased with time. In contrast, fears of lack of knowledge and difficulty of obtaining hygiene products significantly decreased. Conclusion To conduct efficient risk communication during a pandemic, knowing the concerns of the populace, providing correct information and a sufficient supply of products, and setting clear guidelines are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hidaka
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 3-7-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, 5-3-1 Kojimachi, Chiyoda, Tokyo, 102-0083, Japan.
| | - N Sasaki
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 3-7-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
| | - K Imamura
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 3-7-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
| | - K Tsuno
- School of Health Innovation, Kanagawa University of Human Services, Research Gate Building TONOMACHI2, 3-25-10, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, 210-0821, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - R Kuroda
- Division for Environment, Health and Safety, The University of Tokyo, 3-7-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan.
| | - N Kawakami
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 3-7-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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6
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Kawakami N, Iwata K, Shiotari A, Sugimoto Y. Intrinsic reconstruction of ice-I surfaces. Sci Adv 2020; 6:6/37/eabb7986. [PMID: 32917710 PMCID: PMC7486089 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abb7986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the precise atomic structure of ice surfaces is critical for revealing the mechanisms of physical and chemical phenomena at the surfaces, such as ice growth, melting, and chemical reactions. Nevertheless, no conclusive structure has been established. In this study, noncontact atomic force microscopy was used to address the characterization of the atomic structures of ice Ih(0001) and Ic(111) surfaces. The topmost hydrogen atoms are arranged with a short-range (2 × 2) order, independent of the ice thickness and growth substrates used. The electrostatic repulsion between non-hydrogen-bonded water molecules at the surface causes a reduction in the number of the topmost hydrogen atoms together with a distortion of the ideal honeycomb arrangement of water molecules, leading to a short-range-ordered surface reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kawakami
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - K Iwata
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - A Shiotari
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Y Sugimoto
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan.
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7
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Lin CL, Kawakami N, Arafune R, Minamitani E, Takagi N. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy studies of topological materials. J Phys Condens Matter 2020; 32:243001. [PMID: 32069440 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab777d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Topological materials have become promising materials for next-generation devices by utilizing their exotic electronic states. Their exotic states caused by spin-orbital coupling usually locate on the surfaces or at the edges. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) is a powerful tool to reveal the local electronic structures of condensed matters. Therefore, STS provides us with an almost perfect method to access the exotic states of topological materials. In this topical review, we report the current investigations by several methods based on the STS technique for layered topological material from transition metal dichalcogenide Weyl semimetals (WTe2 and MoTe2) to two dimensional topological insulators (layered bismuth and silicene). The electronic characteristics of these layered topological materials are experimentally identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Liang Lin
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
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8
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Watanabe K, Sakuraya A, Kawakami N, Imamura K, Ando E, Asai Y, Eguchi H, Kobayashi Y, Nishida N, Arima H, Shimazu A, Tsutsumi A. Work-related psychosocial factors and metabolic syndrome onset among workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2018; 19:1557-1568. [PMID: 30047228 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Work-related psychosocial factors have been associated with metabolic syndrome. However, no systematic reviews or meta-analyses have evaluated this association. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted, using PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES and the Japan Medical Abstracts Society. Eligible studies included those that examined the previously mentioned association; had a longitudinal or prospective cohort design; were conducted among workers; provided sufficient data for calculating odds ratios, relative risks or hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals; were original articles in English or Japanese; and were published no later than 2016. Study characteristics, exposure and outcome variables and association measures of studies were extracted by the investigators independently. RESULTS Among 4,664 identified studies, 8 were eligible for review and meta-analysis. The pooled risk of adverse work-related stress on metabolic syndrome onset was significant and positive (RR = 1.47; 95% CI, 1.22-1.78). Sensitivity analyses limiting only the effects of job strain and shift work also indicated a significant positive relationship (RR = 1.75; 95% CI, 1.09-2.79; and RR = 1.59; 95% CI, 1.00-2.54, P = 0.049 respectively). CONCLUSION This study reveals a strong positive association between work-related psychosocial factors and an elevated risk of metabolic syndrome onset. The effects of job strain and shift work on metabolic syndrome appear to be significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Watanabe
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Sakuraya
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Kawakami
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Imamura
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - E Ando
- Department of Social and Environmental Health, Division of Environmental Medicine and Population Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Y Asai
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Eguchi
- Department of Public Health, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | - N Nishida
- Kyoto Industrial Health Association, Kyoto, Japan
| | - H Arima
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Shimazu
- Center for Human and Social Sciences, Kitasato University College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - A Tsutsumi
- Department of Public Health, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
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9
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Evans-Lacko S, Aguilar-Gaxiola S, Al-Hamzawi A, Alonso J, Benjet C, Bruffaerts R, Chiu W, Florescu S, de Girolamo G, Gureje O, Haro JM, He Y, Hu C, Karam EG, Kawakami N, Lee S, Lund C, Kovess-Masfety V, Levinson D, Navarro-Mateu F, Pennell BE, Sampson N, Scott K, Tachimori H, ten Have M, Viana MC, Williams DR, Wojtyniak BJ, Zarkov Z, Kessler RC, Chatterji S, Thornicroft G. Socio-economic variations in the mental health treatment gap for people with anxiety, mood, and substance use disorders: results from the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) surveys. Psychol Med 2018; 48:1560-1571. [PMID: 29173244 PMCID: PMC6878971 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291717003336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The treatment gap between the number of people with mental disorders and the number treated represents a major public health challenge. We examine this gap by socio-economic status (SES; indicated by family income and respondent education) and service sector in a cross-national analysis of community epidemiological survey data. METHODS Data come from 16 753 respondents with 12-month DSM-IV disorders from community surveys in 25 countries in the WHO World Mental Health Survey Initiative. DSM-IV anxiety, mood, or substance disorders and treatment of these disorders were assessed with the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). RESULTS Only 13.7% of 12-month DSM-IV/CIDI cases in lower-middle-income countries, 22.0% in upper-middle-income countries, and 36.8% in high-income countries received treatment. Highest-SES respondents were somewhat more likely to receive treatment, but this was true mostly for specialty mental health treatment, where the association was positive with education (highest treatment among respondents with the highest education and a weak association of education with treatment among other respondents) but non-monotonic with income (somewhat lower treatment rates among middle-income respondents and equivalent among those with high and low incomes). CONCLUSIONS The modest, but nonetheless stronger, an association of education than income with treatment raises questions about a financial barriers interpretation of the inverse association of SES with treatment, although future within-country analyses that consider contextual factors might document other important specifications. While beyond the scope of this report, such an expanded analysis could have important implications for designing interventions aimed at increasing mental disorder treatment among socio-economically disadvantaged people.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Evans-Lacko
- Kings College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology
& Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
- PSSRU, London School of Economics and Political Science,
Houghton Street, London WC2A 2AE, United Kingdom
| | - S. Aguilar-Gaxiola
- Center for Reducing Health Disparities, UC Davis Health
System, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - A. Al-Hamzawi
- College of Medicine, Al-Qadisiya University, Diwaniya
governorate, Iraq
| | - J. Alonso
- Health Services Research Unit, IMIM-Hospital del Mar
Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University (UPF),
Barcelona, Spain; and CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública
(CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - C. Benjet
- Department of Epidemiologic and Psychosocial Research,
National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muniz, Mexico City,
Mexico
| | - R. Bruffaerts
- Universitair Psychiatrisch Centrum - Katholieke
Universiteit Leuven (UPC-KUL), Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - W.T. Chiu
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School,
Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - S. Florescu
- National School of Public Health, Management and
Development, Bucharest, Romania
| | - G. de Girolamo
- Unit of Epidemiological and Evaluation Psychiatry,
Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS)-St. John of God Clinical
Research Centre, Via Pilastroni 4, Brescia, Italy
| | - O. Gureje
- Department of Psychiatry, University College Hospital,
Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - J. M. Haro
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM,
Universitat de Barcelona, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Y. He
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong
University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - C. Hu
- Shenzhen Institute of Mental Health & Shenzhen
Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - E. G. Karam
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, St
George Hospital University Medical Center, Balamand University, Faculty of Medicine,
Beirut, Lebanon; Institute for Development, Research, Advocacy and Applied Care
(IDRAAC), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - N. Kawakami
- Department of Mental Health, School of Public Health, The
University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S. Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong
Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong
| | - C. Lund
- Kings College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology
& Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
- Alan J Flisher Centre for Public Mental Health,
Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, South
Africa
| | - V. Kovess-Masfety
- Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Santé Publique (EHESP),
EA 4057, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - D. Levinson
- Mental Health Services, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem,
Israel
| | - F. Navarro-Mateu
- UDIF-SM, Subdirección General de
Planificación, Innovación y Cronicidad, Servicio Murciano de Salud.
IMIB-Arrixaca. CIBERESP-Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - B. E. Pennell
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research,
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - N.A. Sampson
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School,
Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - K.M. Scott
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of
Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - H. Tachimori
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Center for
Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M. ten Have
- Trimbos-Instituut, Netherlands Institute of Mental Health
and Addiction, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - M. C. Viana
- Department of Social Medicine, Federal University of
Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - D. R. Williams
- Department of Society, Human Development, and Health,
Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - B. J. Wojtyniak
- Centre of Monitoring and Analyses of Population Health,
National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw,
Poland
| | - Z. Zarkov
- Directorate of Mental Health, National Center of Public
Health and Analyses, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - R. C. Kessler
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School,
Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - S. Chatterji
- Department of Information, Evidence and Research, World
Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - G. Thornicroft
- Kings College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology
& Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
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10
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Kovess-Masfety V, Saha S, Lim C, Aguilar-Gaxiola S, Al-Hamzawi A, Alonso J, Borges G, de Girolamo G, de Jonge P, Demyttenaere K, Florescu S, Haro J, Hu C, Karam E, Kawakami N, Lee S, Lepine J, Navarro-Mateu F, Stagnaro J, ten Have M, Viana M, Kessler R, McGrath J. Psychotic experiences and religiosity: data from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2018; 137:306-315. [PMID: 29453789 PMCID: PMC6839106 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Religiosity is often associated with better health outcomes. The aim of the study was to examine associations between psychotic experiences (PEs) and religiosity in a large, cross-national sample. METHODS A total of 25 542 adult respondents across 18 countries from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys were assessed for PEs, religious affiliation and indices of religiosity, DSM-IV mental disorders and general medical conditions. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between PEs and religiosity with various adjustments. RESULTS Of 25 542 included respondents, 85.6% (SE = 0.3) (n = 21 860) respondents reported having a religious affiliation. Overall, there was no association between religious affiliation status and PEs. Within the subgroup having a religious affiliation, four of five indices of religiosity were significantly associated with increased odds of PEs (odds ratios ranged from 1.3 to 1.9). The findings persisted after adjustments for mental disorders and/or general medical conditions, as well as religious denomination type. There was a significant association between increased religiosity and reporting more types of PEs. CONCLUSIONS Among individuals with religious affiliations, those who reported more religiosity on four of five indices had increased odds of PEs. Focussed and more qualitative research will be required to unravel the interrelationship between religiosity and PEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Kovess-Masfety
- Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Santé Publique (EHESP), EA 4057, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - S. Saha
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, and Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - C.C.W. Lim
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, and Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - S. Aguilar-Gaxiola
- Center for Reducing Health Disparities, UC Davis Health System, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - A. Al-Hamzawi
- College of Medicine, Al-Qadisiya University, Diwaniya governorate, Iraq
| | - J. Alonso
- Health Services Research Unit, IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; and CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - G. Borges
- National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - G. de Girolamo
- Unit of Epidemiological and Evaluation Psychiatry, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS)-St. John of God Clinical Research Centre, Via Pilastroni 4, Brescia, Italy
| | - P. de Jonge
- Developmental Psychology, Department of Psychology, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Groningen, NL; Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, NL
| | - K. Demyttenaere
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - S. Florescu
- National School of Public Health, Management and Development, Bucharest, Romania
| | - J.M. Haro
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C. Hu
- Shenzhen Institute of Mental Health & Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - E.G. Karam
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Balamand University, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, St George Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon; Institute for Development Research Advocacy and Applied Care (IDRAAC), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - N. Kawakami
- Department of Mental Health, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S. Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong
| | - J.P. Lepine
- Hôpital Lariboisière- Fernand Widal, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris; Universités Paris Descartes-Paris Diderot;INSERM UMR-S 1144, Paris, France
| | - F. Navarro-Mateu
- UDIF-SM, Subdirección General de Planificación, Innovación y Cronicidad, Servicio Murciano de Salud. IMIB-Arrixaca. CIBERESP-Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - J.C. Stagnaro
- Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M. ten Have
- Trimbos-Instituut, Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - M.C. Viana
- Department of Social Medicine, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - R.C. Kessler
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - J.J. McGrath
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, and Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia; and National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus BSS, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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11
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Kawakami N, Imamura K, Asai Y, Watanabe K, Tsutsumi A, Shimazu A, Inoue A, Hiro H, Odagiri Y, Yoshikawa T, Yoshikawa E. 1211 The stress check program: an evaluation of the first-year implementation of the new national workplace mental health program in japan. Health Serv Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2018-icohabstracts.444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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12
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Rosellini AJ, Liu H, Petukhova MV, Sampson NA, Aguilar-Gaxiola S, Alonso J, Borges G, Bruffaerts R, Bromet EJ, de Girolamo G, de Jonge P, Fayyad J, Florescu S, Gureje O, Haro JM, Hinkov H, Karam EG, Kawakami N, Koenen KC, Lee S, Lépine JP, Levinson D, Navarro-Mateu F, Oladeji BD, O’Neill S, Pennell BE, Piazza M, Posada-Villa J, Scott KM, Stein DJ, Torres Y, Viana MC, Zaslavsky AM, Kessler RC. Recovery from DSM-IV post-traumatic stress disorder in the WHO World Mental Health surveys. Psychol Med 2018; 48:437-450. [PMID: 28720167 PMCID: PMC5758426 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291717001817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) course finds a substantial proportion of cases remit within 6 months, a majority within 2 years, and a substantial minority persists for many years. Results are inconsistent about pre-trauma predictors. METHODS The WHO World Mental Health surveys assessed lifetime DSM-IV PTSD presence-course after one randomly-selected trauma, allowing retrospective estimates of PTSD duration. Prior traumas, childhood adversities (CAs), and other lifetime DSM-IV mental disorders were examined as predictors using discrete-time person-month survival analysis among the 1575 respondents with lifetime PTSD. RESULTS 20%, 27%, and 50% of cases recovered within 3, 6, and 24 months and 77% within 10 years (the longest duration allowing stable estimates). Time-related recall bias was found largely for recoveries after 24 months. Recovery was weakly related to most trauma types other than very low [odds-ratio (OR) 0.2-0.3] early-recovery (within 24 months) associated with purposefully injuring/torturing/killing and witnessing atrocities and very low later-recovery (25+ months) associated with being kidnapped. The significant ORs for prior traumas, CAs, and mental disorders were generally inconsistent between early- and later-recovery models. Cross-validated versions of final models nonetheless discriminated significantly between the 50% of respondents with highest and lowest predicted probabilities of both early-recovery (66-55% v. 43%) and later-recovery (75-68% v. 39%). CONCLUSIONS We found PTSD recovery trajectories similar to those in previous studies. The weak associations of pre-trauma factors with recovery, also consistent with previous studies, presumably are due to stronger influences of post-trauma factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. J. Rosellini
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - H. Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M. V. Petukhova
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - N. A. Sampson
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - S. Aguilar-Gaxiola
- Center for Reducing Health Disparities, UC Davis Health System, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - J. Alonso
- IMIM-Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Parc de Salut Mar, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), and CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - G. Borges
- National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - R. Bruffaerts
- Universitair Psychiatrisch Centrum – Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (UPC-KUL), Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - E. J. Bromet
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - G. de Girolamo
- IRCCS St John of God Clinical Research Centre/IRCCS Centro S. Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - P. de Jonge
- Developmental Psychology, Department of Psychology, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J. Fayyad
- Institute for Development, Research, Advocacy & Applied Care (IDRAAC), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - S. Florescu
- National School of Public Health, Management and Development, Bucharest, Romania
| | - O. Gureje
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - J. M. Haro
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - H. Hinkov
- National Center for Public Health and Analyses, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - E. G. Karam
- Institute for Development, Research, Advocacy & Applied Care (IDRAAC), Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, St George Hospital University Medical Center, Balamand University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - N. Kawakami
- Department of Mental Health, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K. C. Koenen
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - S. Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong
| | - J. P. Lépine
- Hôpital Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Universités Paris Descartes-Paris Diderot, INSERM UMR-S 1144, Paris, France
| | - D. Levinson
- Mental Health Services, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - F. Navarro-Mateu
- UDIF-SM, Subdirección General de Planificación, Innovación y Cronicidad, Servicio Murciano de Salud, IMIB-Arrixaca, CIBERESP-Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - B. D. Oladeji
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - S. O’Neill
- School of Psychology, Ulster University, Londonderry, UK
| | - B.-E. Pennell
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - M. Piazza
- Universidad Cayetano Heredia, National Institute of Health, Lima, Peru
| | | | - K. M. Scott
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - D. J. Stein
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Republic of South Africa
| | - Y. Torres
- Center for Excellence on Research in Mental Health, CES University, Medellín, Colombia
| | - M. C. Viana
- Department of Social Medicine, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - A. M. Zaslavsky
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R. C. Kessler
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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13
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Takeda K, Kou I, Kawakami N, Yasuhiko Y, Ogura Y, Imagawa E, Miyake N, Matsumoto N, Sudo H, Kotani T, Nakamura M, Matsumoto M, Watanabe K, Ikegawa S. Response to Lefebvre et al. Clin Genet 2017; 92:563-564. [PMID: 28990171 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Congenital scoliosis (CS) is a common vertebral malformation with incidence of up to 1 of 1000 births worldwide. Recently, TBX6 has been reported as the first disease gene for CS: about 10% of CS patients are compound heterozygotes of rare null mutations and a common haplotype composed by 3 SNPs in TBX6. Lefebvre et al in this journal reported that 2 patients with spondylocostal dysostosis (SCD), a rare skeletal dysplasia affecting spine and ribs also have TBX6 mutations: 1 carried the microdeletion and a rare missense variant, and another 2 rare missense variants. We investigated the pathogenicity of the 3 missense variants in SCD by a luciferase assay. The results were negative for the proposal of Lefebvre et al. We consider these 2 SCD patients are more probably compound heterozygotes of null mutations and a common risk haplotype just as CS patients with TBX6 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Takeda
- Laboratory of Bone and Joint Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - I Kou
- Laboratory of Bone and Joint Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Kawakami
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Meijo Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Y Yasuhiko
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Toxicology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Ogura
- Laboratory of Bone and Joint Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - E Imagawa
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - N Miyake
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - N Matsumoto
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - H Sudo
- Department of Advanced Medicine for Spine and Spinal Cord Disorders, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Kotani
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seirei Sakura Citizen Hospital, Sakura, Japan
| | | | - M Nakamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Watanabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Ikegawa
- Laboratory of Bone and Joint Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Tokyo, Japan
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14
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Koenen KC, Ratanatharathorn A, Ng L, McLaughlin KA, Bromet EJ, Stein DJ, Karam EG, Ruscio AM, Benjet C, Scott K, Atwoli L, Petukhova M, Lim CC, Aguilar-Gaxiola S, Al-Hamzawi A, Alonso J, Bunting B, Ciutan M, de Girolamo G, Degenhardt L, Gureje O, Haro JM, Huang Y, Kawakami N, Lee S, Navarro-Mateu F, Pennell BE, Piazza M, Sampson N, ten Have M, Torres Y, Viana MC, Williams D, Xavier M, Kessler RC. Posttraumatic stress disorder in the World Mental Health Surveys. Psychol Med 2017; 47:2260-2274. [PMID: 28385165 PMCID: PMC6034513 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291717000708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 540] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic events are common globally; however, comprehensive population-based cross-national data on the epidemiology of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the paradigmatic trauma-related mental disorder, are lacking. METHODS Data were analyzed from 26 population surveys in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys. A total of 71 083 respondents ages 18+ participated. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview assessed exposure to traumatic events as well as 30-day, 12-month, and lifetime PTSD. Respondents were also assessed for treatment in the 12 months preceding the survey. Age of onset distributions were examined by country income level. Associations of PTSD were examined with country income, world region, and respondent demographics. RESULTS The cross-national lifetime prevalence of PTSD was 3.9% in the total sample and 5.6% among the trauma exposed. Half of respondents with PTSD reported persistent symptoms. Treatment seeking in high-income countries (53.5%) was roughly double that in low-lower middle income (22.8%) and upper-middle income (28.7%) countries. Social disadvantage, including younger age, female sex, being unmarried, being less educated, having lower household income, and being unemployed, was associated with increased risk of lifetime PTSD among the trauma exposed. CONCLUSIONS PTSD is prevalent cross-nationally, with half of all global cases being persistent. Only half of those with severe PTSD report receiving any treatment and only a minority receive specialty mental health care. Striking disparities in PTSD treatment exist by country income level. Increasing access to effective treatment, especially in low- and middle-income countries, remains critical for reducing the population burden of PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. C. Koenen
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - A. Ratanatharathorn
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - L. Ng
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - K. A. McLaughlin
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - E. J. Bromet
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - D. J. Stein
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Republic of South Africa
| | - E. G. Karam
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Balamand University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, St George Hospital University Medical Center, Institute for Development Research Advocacy and Applied Care (IDRAAC), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - A. Meron Ruscio
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - C. Benjet
- Department of Epidemiologic and Psychosocial Research, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - K. Scott
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - L. Atwoli
- Department of Mental Health, Moi University School of Medicine, Eldoret, Kenya
| | - M. Petukhova
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - C. C.W. Lim
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, Queensland, Australia
| | - S. Aguilar-Gaxiola
- Center for Reducing Health Disparities, UC Davis Health System, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - A. Al-Hamzawi
- College of Medicine, Al-Qadisiya University, Diwania governorate, Iraq
| | - J. Alonso
- Health Services Research Unit, IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF); CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - B. Bunting
- School of Psychology, Ulster University, Londonderry, UK
| | - M. Ciutan
- National School of Public Health, Management and Professional Development, Bucharest, Romania
| | - G. de Girolamo
- IRCCS St John of God Clinical Research Centre//IRCCS Centro S. Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - L. Degenhardt
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - O. Gureje
- Department of Psychiatry, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - J. M. Haro
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Y. Huang
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - N. Kawakami
- Department of Mental Health, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S. Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong
| | - F. Navarro-Mateu
- UDIF-SM, Subdirección General de Planificación, Innovación y Cronicidad, Servicio Murciano de Salud IMIB-Arrixaca; CIBERESP-Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - B.-E. Pennell
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - M. Piazza
- Universidad Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- National Institute of Health, Lima, Peru
| | - N. Sampson
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - M. ten Have
- Trimbos-Instituut, Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Y. Torres
- Center for Excellence on Research in Mental Health, CES University, Medellin, Colombia
| | - M. C. Viana
- Department of Social Medicine, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - D. Williams
- Department of Society, Human Development, and Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massaschusetts, USA
| | - M. Xavier
- Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC) and Department of Mental Health, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - R. C. Kessler
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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15
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Bromet EJ, Atwoli L, Kawakami N, Navarro-Mateu F, Piotrowski P, King AJ, Aguilar-Gaxiola S, Alonso J, Bunting B, Demyttenaere K, Florescu S, de Girolamo G, Gluzman S, Haro JM, de Jonge P, Karam EG, Lee S, Kovess-Masfety V, Medina-Mora ME, Mneimneh Z, Pennell BE, Posada-Villa J, Salmerón D, Takeshima T, Kessler RC. Post-traumatic stress disorder associated with natural and human-made disasters in the World Mental Health Surveys. Psychol Med 2017; 47:227-241. [PMID: 27573281 PMCID: PMC5432967 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291716002026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following natural and human-made disasters has been undertaken for more than three decades. Although PTSD prevalence estimates vary widely, most are in the 20-40% range in disaster-focused studies but considerably lower (3-5%) in the few general population epidemiological surveys that evaluated disaster-related PTSD as part of a broader clinical assessment. The World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys provide an opportunity to examine disaster-related PTSD in representative general population surveys across a much wider range of sites than in previous studies. METHOD Although disaster-related PTSD was evaluated in 18 WMH surveys, only six in high-income countries had enough respondents for a risk factor analysis. Predictors considered were socio-demographics, disaster characteristics, and pre-disaster vulnerability factors (childhood family adversities, prior traumatic experiences, and prior mental disorders). RESULTS Disaster-related PTSD prevalence was 0.0-3.8% among adult (ages 18+) WMH respondents and was significantly related to high education, serious injury or death of someone close, forced displacement from home, and pre-existing vulnerabilities (prior childhood family adversities, other traumas, and mental disorders). Of PTSD cases 44.5% were among the 5% of respondents classified by the model as having highest PTSD risk. CONCLUSION Disaster-related PTSD is uncommon in high-income WMH countries. Risk factors are consistent with prior research: severity of exposure, history of prior stress exposure, and pre-existing mental disorders. The high concentration of PTSD among respondents with high predicted risk in our model supports the focus of screening assessments that identify disaster survivors most in need of preventive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. J. Bromet
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - L. Atwoli
- Department of Mental Health, Moi University School of Medicine, Eldoret, Kenya
| | - N. Kawakami
- Department of Mental Health, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - F. Navarro-Mateu
- Subdirección General de Salud Mental, Servicio Murciano de Salud, IMIB-Arrixaca, CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Murcia, Spain
| | - P. Piotrowski
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - A. J. King
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - J. Alonso
- IMIM-Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - B. Bunting
- School of Psychology, University of Ulster, Londonderry, UK
| | - K. Demyttenaere
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - S. Florescu
- National School of Public Health, Management and Professional Development, Bucharest, Romania
| | - G. de Girolamo
- IRCCS St. John of God Clinical Research Centre, Brescia, Italy
| | - S. Gluzman
- Ukrainian Psychiatric Association, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - J. M. Haro
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P. de Jonge
- Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center, Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - E. G. Karam
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Balamand University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, St George Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
- Institute for Development Research Advocacy and Applied Care (IDRAAC), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - S. Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong
| | - V. Kovess-Masfety
- Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Santé Publique (EHESP), EA 4057 Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - M. E. Medina-Mora
- Ramon de la Fuente Muñiz National Institute of Psychiatry, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Z. Mneimneh
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - B.-E. Pennell
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - D. Salmerón
- Department of Epidemiology, Department of Health and Social Sciences, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - T. Takeshima
- Department of Health and Welfare for the Disabled, Health and Welfare Bureau, Kawasaki City, Japan
| | - R. C. Kessler
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Benjet C, Bromet E, Karam EG, Kessler RC, McLaughlin KA, Ruscio AM, Shahly V, Stein DJ, Petukhova M, Hill E, Alonso J, Atwoli L, Bunting B, Bruffaerts R, Caldas-de-Almeida JM, de Girolamo G, Florescu S, Gureje O, Huang Y, Lepine JP, Kawakami N, Kovess-Masfety V, Medina-Mora ME, Navarro-Mateu F, Piazza M, Posada-Villa J, Scott KM, Shalev A, Slade T, ten Have M, Torres Y, Viana MC, Zarkov Z, Koenen KC. The epidemiology of traumatic event exposure worldwide: results from the World Mental Health Survey Consortium. Psychol Med 2016; 46:327-343. [PMID: 26511595 PMCID: PMC4869975 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291715001981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 596] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considerable research has documented that exposure to traumatic events has negative effects on physical and mental health. Much less research has examined the predictors of traumatic event exposure. Increased understanding of risk factors for exposure to traumatic events could be of considerable value in targeting preventive interventions and anticipating service needs. METHOD General population surveys in 24 countries with a combined sample of 68 894 adult respondents across six continents assessed exposure to 29 traumatic event types. Differences in prevalence were examined with cross-tabulations. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted to determine whether traumatic event types clustered into interpretable factors. Survival analysis was carried out to examine associations of sociodemographic characteristics and prior traumatic events with subsequent exposure. RESULTS Over 70% of respondents reported a traumatic event; 30.5% were exposed to four or more. Five types - witnessing death or serious injury, the unexpected death of a loved one, being mugged, being in a life-threatening automobile accident, and experiencing a life-threatening illness or injury - accounted for over half of all exposures. Exposure varied by country, sociodemographics and history of prior traumatic events. Being married was the most consistent protective factor. Exposure to interpersonal violence had the strongest associations with subsequent traumatic events. CONCLUSIONS Given the near ubiquity of exposure, limited resources may best be dedicated to those that are more likely to be further exposed such as victims of interpersonal violence. Identifying mechanisms that account for the associations of prior interpersonal violence with subsequent trauma is critical to develop interventions to prevent revictimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Benjet
- Department of Epidemiology and Psychosocial Research, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - E. Bromet
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - E. G. Karam
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Balamand University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, St George Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
- Institute for Development Research Advocacy and Applied Care (IDRAAC), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - R. C. Kessler
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - K. A. McLaughlin
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - A. M. Ruscio
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - V. Shahly
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - D. J. Stein
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Republic of South Africa
| | - M. Petukhova
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - E. Hill
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J. Alonso
- IMIM-Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Parc de Salut Mar; Pompeu Fabra University (UPF); and CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - L. Atwoli
- Moi University School of Medicine, Eldoret, Uasin Gishu, Kenya
| | - B. Bunting
- School of Psychology, University of Ulster, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - R. Bruffaerts
- Universitair Psychiatrisch Centrum – Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (UPC-KUL), Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - J. M. Caldas-de-Almeida
- Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC) and Department of Mental Health, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - G. de Girolamo
- IRCCS St John of God Clinical Research Centre, Brescia, Italy
| | - S. Florescu
- National School of Public Health, Management and Professional Development, Bucharest, Romania
| | - O. Gureje
- Department of Psychiatry, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Y. Huang
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - J. P. Lepine
- Hôpital Lariboisière Fernand Widal, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Diderot and Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - N. Kawakami
- Department of Mental Health, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - M. E. Medina-Mora
- Department of Epidemiology and Psychosocial Research, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - F. Navarro-Mateu
- IMIB-Arrixaca, CIBERESP-Murcia, Subdirección General de Salud Mental y Asistencia Psiquiátrica, Servicio Murciano de Salud, El Palmar (Murcia), Spain
| | - M. Piazza
- National Institute of Health, Lima, Peru
| | | | - K. M. Scott
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - A. Shalev
- NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - T. Slade
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - M. ten Have
- Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Y. Torres
- Center for Excellence on Research in Mental Health, CES University, Medellin, Colombia
| | - M. C. Viana
- Department of Social Medicine, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Z. Zarkov
- Directorate Mental Health, National Center of Public Health and Analyses, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - K. C. Koenen
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Hayasaka Y, Furukawa TA, Sozu T, Imai H, Kawakami N, Horikoshi M. Enthusiasm for homework and improvement of psychological distress in subthreshold depression during behavior therapy: secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial. BMC Psychiatry 2015; 15:302. [PMID: 26602093 PMCID: PMC4658758 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-015-0687-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) usually involves homework, the completion of which is a known predictor of a positive outcome. The aim of the present study was to examine the session-by-session relationships between enthusiasm to complete the homework and the improvement of psychological distress in depressed people through the course of therapy. METHODS Working people with subthreshold depression were recruited to participate in the telephone CBT (tCBT) program with demonstrated effectiveness. Their enthusiasm for homework was enhanced with motivational interviewing techniques and was measured by asking two questions: "How strongly do you feel you want to do this homework?" and "How confident do you feel you can actually accomplish this homework?" at the end of each session. The outcome was the K6 score, which was administered at the start of each session. The K6 is an index of psychological distress including depression and anxiety. We used structural equation modeling (SEM) to elucidate the relationships between enthusiasm and the K6 scores from session to session. RESULTS The best fitting model suggested that, throughout the course of behavior therapy (BT), enthusiasm to complete the homework was negatively correlated with the K6 scores for the subsequent session, while the K6 score measured at the beginning of the session did not influence the enthusiasm to complete the homeworks assigned for that session. CONCLUSIONS Empirical data now support the practitioners of BT when they try to enhance their patient's enthusiasm for homework regardless of the participant's distress, which then would lead to a reduction in distress in the subsequent week. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00885014 . April 20, 2009.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Hayasaka
- Department of Health Promotion and Human Behavior, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine / School of Public Health, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - T. A. Furukawa
- Department of Health Promotion and Human Behavior, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine / School of Public Health, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - T. Sozu
- Department of Management Science, Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601 Japan
| | - H. Imai
- Department of Health Promotion and Human Behavior, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine / School of Public Health, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - N. Kawakami
- Department of Mental Health, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - M. Horikoshi
- National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8551 Japan
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Imamura K, Kawakami N, Furukawa TA, Matsuyama Y, Shimazu A, Umanodan R, Kawakami S, Kasai K. Does Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) prevent major depressive episode for workers? A 12-month follow-up of a randomized controlled trial. Psychol Med 2015; 45:1907-1917. [PMID: 25562115 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291714003006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study we investigated whether an Internet-based computerized cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) program can decrease the risk of DSM-IV-TR major depressive episodes (MDE) during a 12-month follow-up of a randomized controlled trial of Japanese workers. METHOD Participants were recruited from one company and three departments of another company. Those participants who did not experience MDE in the past month were randomly allocated to intervention or control groups (n = 381 for each). A 6-week, six-lesson iCBT program was provided to the intervention group. While the control group only received the usual preventive mental health service for the first 6 months, the control group was given a chance to undertake the iCBT program after a 6-month follow-up. The primary outcome was a new onset of DSM-IV-TR MDE during the 12-month follow-up, as assessed by means of the web version of the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), version 3.0 depression section. RESULTS The intervention group had a significantly lower incidence of MDE at the 12-month follow-up than the control group (Log-rank χ2 = 7.04, p < 0.01). The hazard ratio for the intervention group was 0.22 (95% confidence interval 0.06-0.75), when estimated by the Cox proportional hazard model. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrates that an iCBT program is effective in preventing MDE in the working population. However, it should be noted that MDE was measured by self-report, while the CIDI can measure the episodes more strictly following DSM-IV criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Imamura
- Department of Mental Health,Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan
| | - N Kawakami
- Department of Mental Health,Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan
| | - T A Furukawa
- Departments of Health Promotion and Human Behavior and of Clinical Epidemiology,Graduate School of Medicine/School of Public Health, Kyoto University,Kyoto,Japan
| | - Y Matsuyama
- Department of Biostatistics,Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan
| | - A Shimazu
- Department of Mental Health,Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan
| | - R Umanodan
- Kyoto office,Health Wave Co., Ltd,Kyoto,Japan
| | - S Kawakami
- Nippon University College of the Arts,Tokyo,Japan
| | - K Kasai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry,Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan
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Stickley A, Koyanagi A, Kawakami N. Childhood adversities and adult-onset chronic pain: Results from the World Mental Health Survey, Japan. Eur J Pain 2015; 19:1418-27. [DOI: 10.1002/ejp.672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Stickley
- Department of Human Ecology; Graduate School of Medicine; The University of Tokyo; Japan
| | - A. Koyanagi
- Stockholm Centre on Health of Societies in Transition (SCOHOST); Södertörn University; Huddinge Sweden
| | - N. Kawakami
- Department of Mental Health; Graduate School of Medicine; The University of Tokyo; Japan
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20
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Yano T, Miki T, Itoh T, Ohnishi H, Asari M, Chihiro S, Yamamoto A, Aotsuka K, Kawakami N, Ichikawa J, Hirota Y, Miura T. IQ is an independent predictor of glycated haemoglobin level in young and middle-aged adults with intellectual disability. Diabet Med 2015; 32:129-32. [PMID: 24984892 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Here we examined whether intellectual disability is independently associated with hyperglycaemia. METHODS We recruited 233 consecutive young and middle-aged adults with intellectual disability. After exclusion of subjects on medication for metabolic diseases or with severe intellectual disability (IQ < 35), 121 subjects were divided by IQ into a group with moderate intellectual disability (35 ≤ IQ ≤ 50), a mild intellectual disability group (51 ≤ IQ ≤ 70) and a borderline group (IQ > 70). RESULTS HbA1c level was higher in subjects with moderate intellectual disability (42 ± 9 mmol/mol; 6.0 ± 0.8%) than those in the borderline group (36 ± 4 mmol/mol; 5.5 ± 0.3%) and mild intellectual disability group (37 ± 5 mmol/mol; 5.5 ± 0.5%) groups. HbA1c level was correlated with age, BMI, blood pressure, serum triglycerides and IQ in simple linear regression analysis. Multiple regression analysis indicated that IQ, age, BMI and diastolic blood pressure were independent explanatory factors of HbA1c level. CONCLUSIONS An unfavourable effect of intellectual disability on lifestyle and untoward effect of hyperglycaemia on cognitive function may underlie the association of low IQ with hyperglycaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yano
- The Counseling Center for the Handicapped in Hokkaido, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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21
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Morisaki Y, Kawakami N, Shibata S, Chujo Y. Cover Picture: Through-Space Conjugated Molecular Wire Comprising Three π-Electron Systems (Chem. Asian J. 10/2014). Chem Asian J 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201490036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Takano A, Kawakami N, Miyamoto Y, Matsumoto T, Naruse N, Kobayashi O. P-61 * DEVELOPMENT AND FEASIBILITY STUDY OF WEB-BASED INTERVENTION PROGRAM FOR PEOPLE WITH DRUG PROBLEMS IN JAPAN. Alcohol Alcohol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agu054.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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23
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Ide K, Yamada H, Umegaki K, Mizuno K, Kawakami N, Hagiwara Y, Matsumoto M, Yoshida H, Kim K, Shiosaki E, Yokochi T, Harada K. PP273-MON: Outstanding abstract: Lymphocyte and Plasma Vitamin Levels as Potential Biomarkers for Parkinson’s Disease Progression. Clin Nutr 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(14)50607-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Morisaki Y, Kawakami N, Shibata S, Chujo Y. Through-Space Conjugated Molecular Wire Comprising Three π-Electron Systems. Chem Asian J 2014; 9:2891-5. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201402653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Morisaki
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
| | - Naoya Kawakami
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
| | - Tatsuya Nakano
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
| | - Yoshiki Chujo
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
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26
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Kawabata K, Kawajiri H, Takashima T, Nakano T, Mitukawa Y, Kawakami N. Reduction of Paclitaxel-Related Peripheral Sensory Neuropathy by Gosha-Jinki-Gan or Carbon Dioxide Feet and Hand Bathing. Ann Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt460.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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27
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Oshio T, Umeda M, Kawakami N. Impact of interpersonal adversity in childhood on adult mental health: how much is mediated by social support and socio-economic status in Japan? Public Health 2013; 127:754-60. [PMID: 23876298 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2013.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2012] [Revised: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the extent to which social support and socio-economic status (SES) in adulthood mediate the impact of interpersonal adversity in childhood on adult mental health using large-scale population data in Japan. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. METHODS Data were derived from the Japanese Study of Stratification, Health, Income and Neighbourhood, which was conducted from October 2010 to February 2011 in four municipalities in and around the Tokyo metropolitan area. Survey participants were community residents aged 25-50 years who were selected at random from voter registration lists. The total sample size was 3292. The self-reported experience of parental maltreatment (physical abuse and/or neglect) and bullying in school and their impacts on adult mental health (in terms of K6 = 5+, K6 = 13+ and suicide ideation) were examined using multivariate logistic models. RESULTS Interpersonal adversity in childhood has a negative impact on adult mental health even after controlling for childhood SES. For example, the odds ratio for K6 = 5+, responding to parental maltreatment, was 2.64 (95% confidence interval 2.04-3.41). Perceived social support and adult SES mediated the impact of interpersonal adversity in childhood, but a substantial proportion of the impact was unexplained by their mediating effects; social support and adult SES only mediated 11-24% and 6-12%, respectively. It was also found that social support and adult SES (except educational attainment) did not moderate the negative impact of interpersonal adversity in childhood. CONCLUSIONS This analysis highlighted that the impact of interpersonal adversity in childhood is relatively independent of social support and SES in adulthood. This result has clear policy implications; more focus should be placed on policies that aim to reduce incidents of childhood maltreatment and bullying per se, both of which have a long-lasting direct impact on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Oshio
- Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University, Kunitachi, Tokyo, Japan
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28
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Shimizu S, Kawata Y, Kawakami N, Aoyama H. Effects of changes in obesity and exercise on the development of diabetes and return to normal fasting plasma glucose levels at one-year follow-up in middle-aged subjects with impaired fasting glucose. Environ Health Prev Med 2012; 6:127-31. [PMID: 21432250 DOI: 10.1007/bf02897959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2001] [Accepted: 03/19/2001] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Borderline diabetes, a precursory condition of diabetes, is an important issue in the prevention of diabetes. The aim of the present study was to clarify the effects of one-year changes in obesity and exercise on the development of diabetes or return to normal fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels among middle-aged people with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) at baseline. METHODS Among those who attended a basic health examination in 1997, we selected 1,620 subjects who showed impaired fasting glucose (FPG of 110 mg/dl or higher) and had complete data on height, weight and exercise. At the one-year follow-up (in 1998), 1,099 of those subjects attended a health examination; FPG, height, weight and exercise were evaluated for 731 subjects. Subjects were classified into the following three groups, on the basis of changes in FPG during the year between the two examinations: developing diabetes (DM), remaining IFG, and returning to normal (WNL). RESULTS Among those who were initially obese, there was a significant difference in the proportions of DM, IFG and WNL between those with and without improvement in obesity in the year preceding the follow-up (p<0.05). Those with improvement in obesity showed a significantly higher tendency to return to WNL than those without improvement in obesity. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that those with improvement in obesity had a significantly higher odds ratio (2.17) to return to WNL (p=0.015). Among those who were initially not obese, there was no significant association between changes in obesity and developing DM or returning to WNL. No significant association was observed between changes in exercise and developing DM or returning to WNL. CONCLUSION The present findings suggest that, among obese IFG subjects, improvement in obesity is associated with returning to normal plasma glucose. Weight control may be important for the normalization of borderline diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shimizu
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Okayama University Medical School, Okayama City,
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29
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Lee JM, Kawakami N, Mon H, Mitsunobu H, Iiyama K, Ninaki S, Maenaka K, Park EY, Kusakabe T. Establishment of a Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) hyper-sensitive cell line from the silkworm e21 strain. Biotechnol Lett 2012; 34:1773-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-012-0971-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Monti C, Marussi E, Torresan R, Brandâo F, Kawakami N, Scoz M. OC-89 PARTIAL BREAST ACCELERATED RADIOTHERAPY WITH MULTICATHETER HDR BRACHYTHERAPY. Radiother Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)72056-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Castilho L, Monti C, Ferreira U, Reís L, Símóes F, Meirelles A, Kawakami N, Ulhman E. PO-212 IODINE-125 BRACHYTHERAPY: PSA NADIR LESS THAN 1NG/ML AS PROGNOSTIC FACTOR. Radiother Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)72178-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Eishima J, Sato J, Tsunoda K, Kawakami N, Sato R, Kawashima Y, Hoshino H, Kubota T, Suzuki S, Ito J. EP-1260 EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF RADIOTHERAPY IN BONE METASTASIS PATIENTS BY THE BONE SCAN INDEX. Radiother Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)71593-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Hattori T, Ihara Y, Nakai Y, Ishida K, Tada Y, Fujimoto S, Kawakami N, Osaki E, Deguchi K, Sato NK, Satoh I. Superconductivity induced by longitudinal ferromagnetic fluctuations in UCoGe. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 108:066403. [PMID: 22401093 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.066403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
From detailed angle-resolved NMR and Meissner measurements on a ferromagnetic (FM) superconductor UCoGe (T(Curie)∼2.5 K and T(SC)∼0.6 K), we show that superconductivity in UCoGe is tightly coupled with longitudinal FM spin fluctuations along the c axis. We found that magnetic fields along the c axis (H∥c) strongly suppress the FM fluctuations and that the superconductivity is observed in the limited magnetic-field region where the longitudinal FM spin fluctuations are active. These results, combined with model calculations, strongly suggest that the longitudinal FM spin fluctuations tuned by H∥c induce the unique spin-triplet superconductivity in UCoGe. This is the first clear example that FM fluctuations are intimately related with superconductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hattori
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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Kanemura T, Ishikawa Y, Matsumoto A, Yoshida G, Sakai Y, Itoh Z, Imagama S, Kawakami N. The maturation of grafted bone after posterior lumbar interbody fusion with an interbody carbon cage: a prospective five-year study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 93:1638-45. [PMID: 22161927 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.93b12.26063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the maturation of grafted bone in cases of successful fusion after a one- or two-level posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) using interbody carbon cages. We carried out a five-year prospective longitudinal radiological evaluation of patients using plain radiographs and CT scans. One year after surgery, 117 patients with an early successful fusion were selected for inclusion in the study. Radiological evaluation of interbody bone fusion was graded on a 4-point scale. The mean grades of all radiological and CT assessments increased in the five years after surgery, and differences compared to the previous time interval were statistically significant for three or four years after surgery. Because the grafted bone continues to mature for three years after surgery, the success of a fusion should not be assessed until at least three years have elapsed. There were no significant differences in the longitudinal patterns of grafted bone maturity between iliac bone and local bone. However, iliac bone grafting may remodel faster than local bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kanemura
- Konan Kosei Hospital, Konan Kosei Spine Center, 137 Oomatsubara, Takaya-cho, Konan, Aichi 483-8704, Japan.
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Versieren K, Heindryckx B, Qian C, Gerris J, De Sutter P, Exposito Navarro A, Ametzazurra A, Nagore D, Crisol L, Aspichueta F, Mendoza R, Matorras R, Garcia MM, Valley JK, Swinton PS, Boscardin WJ, Lue TF, P. Rinaudo, Wu MC, Bern O, Strassburger D, Komarovsky D, Kasterstein E, Komsky A, Maslansky B, Raziel A, Friedler S, Gidoni Y, Ron-El R, Tang J, Fang C, Zhang MF, Li T, Zhuang GL, Suh DS, Joo JK, Choi JR, Kim SC, JO MS, Kim KH, Lee KS, Katz-Jaffe MG, Stevens J, McCormick S, Smith R, Schoolcraft WB, Ben-Ami I, Komsky A, Strassburger D, Bern O, Komarovsky D, Kasterstein E, Maslansky B, Raziel A, Friedler S, Gidoni Y, Ron-El R, Koch J, Costello M, Kilani S, Namm A, Arend A, Aunapuu M, Joo JK, Lee KS, Choi YM, Cho JD, Sipe C, Pelts EJ, Matthews JM, Sanchez SR, Brohammer RLB, Wagner Y, Liebermann J, Uhler M, Beltsos A, Chen MJ, Guu HF, Chen YF, Yih YJ, Ho JYP, Lin TY, Ho ESC, Lopes FB, Figueira RCS, Braga DPAF, Ferreira RC, Aoki T, Iaconelli A, Borges E, Van de Velde H, Cauffman G, Verloes A, De Paepe C, Sterckx J, Van Ranst H, Devroey P, Tournaye H, Liebaers I, Santos MA, Teklenburg G, Macklon NS, Van Opstal D, Schuring-Blom GH, Krijtenburg PJ, de Vreeden-Elbertse J, Fauser BC, Baart EB, Cawood S, Doshi A, Gotts S, Serhal P, Milachich T, Petkova L, Barov D, Shterev A, Esteves TC, Balbach ST, Arauzo-Bravo MJ, Pfeiffer MJ, Boiani M, Le Gac S, van Rossem F, Esteves T, Bioani M, van den Berg A, Valeri C, Pappalardo S, De Felici M, Manna C, Ryu H, Park CY, Min SH, Choi SK, Park C, Lee SH, Kim KR, Jeong H, Chi HJ, Wittemer C, Celebi C, Viville S, Luceno Maestre F, Castilla Alcala JA, Gomez-Palomares JL, Cabello Y, Hernandez J, Marqueta J, Herrero J, Vidal E, Fernandez-Shaw S, Coroleu B, McRae C, Baskind E, Sharma V, Fisher J, Boldi Cotti P, Colasante C, Perego L, De Lauretis L, Montag M, Koster M, Nikolov A, van der Ven H, Lee SG, Lee YC, Kang SM, Kang YJ, Shin YK, Jung JH, Lim JH, Dorfmann A, Carroll K, Sisson M, Geltinger M, Yap S, Iwaszko M, Hara T, Naruse K, Matsuura K, Kodama T, Sato K, Tateaki Y, Tanaka J, Minasi MG, Scarselli F, Rubino P, Casciani V, Colasante A, Lobascio M, Alviggi E, Ferrero S, Litwicka K, Iammarrone E, Cucinelli F, Giannini PG, Tocci A, Nagy ZP, Greco E, Borini A, Tarozzi N, Fiorentin D, Bonu MA, Nadalini M, Johnson J, De Santis L, Bianchi V, Casciani V, Rubino P, Minasi MG, Colasante A, Scarselli F, Lobascio AM, Arizzi L, Iammarrone E, Litwicka K, Ferrero S, Tocci A, Piscitelli C, Cucinelli F, Nagy ZP, Greco E, Mesut N, Ciray HN, Mesut A, Aksoy T, Bahceci M, Lee YM, Chen HW, Wu P, Tzeng CR, Antonova I, Milachich T, Petkova L, Yunakova M, Chaveeva P, A. Shterev, Hlinka D, Dudas M, Rutarova J, Rezacova J, Lazarovska S, Aoi Y, Takahashi H, Saitou H, Takiue C, Kawakami N, Tone M, Hirata R, Terada S, Yoshioka N, Habara T, Hayashi N, Montagut J, Bonald F, Guillen N, Guitard V, Balu-Genvrin E, Crae E, Nogueira D, Silva J, Cunha M, Viana P, Teixeira da Silva JM, Oliveira C, Goncalves A, Barros N, Sousa M, Barros A, van de Werken C, Jahr H, Laven JSE, Baart EB, Gamiz Izquierdo P, De los Santos JM, Tejera A, Pellicer A, Romero JL, Galan A, Albert C, Santos MJDL, Adriaenssens T, Wathlet S, Segers I, Verheyen G, Van De Velde H, Coucke W, Devroey P, Smitz J, Paternot G, D'Hooghe TM, Debrock S, Spiessens C, Hwang HK, Kim HM, Lee JH, Jung YJ, Kang A, Kook MJ, Jung JY, An SJ, Kwon HC, Lee SJ, Somova O, Feskov A, Feskova I, Chumakova N, Zozulina O, Zhilkova YE, Binda M, Campo R, Van Kerkhoven G, Frederickx V, Serneels A, Roziers P, Vranken I, Lopes AS, Van Nuland A, Gordts S, Puttemans P, Valkenburg M, Gordts S, Rodriguez-Arnedo A, Ten J, Guerrero J, Lledo B, Carracedo MA, Ortiz JA, Llacer J, Bernabeu R, Usui K, Nakajo Y, Ota M, Hattori H, Kyoya T, Takisawa T, Kyono K, Ferrieres A, Poulain M, Loup V, Anahory T, Dechaud H, Hamamah S, Eckert J, Premkumar G, Lock F, Brooks S, Haque S, Cameron IT, Cheong Y, Fleming TP, Prados N, Ruiz M, Garcia-Ortega J, Vime P, Hernaez MJ, Crespo M, Fernandez-Sanchez M, Pellicer A, Hashimoto S, Kato N, Saeki K, Morimoto Y, Leung CON, Pang RTK, Liu WM, Lee KF, Yeung WSB, Wada T, Elliott T, Kahn J, Lowderman J, Wright G, Chang C, Bernal D, Kort H, Nagy Z, de los Santos JM, Escrich L, Grau N, Pellicer A, Romero JL, Escriba MJ, Escriba M, Grau N, Escrich L, de los Santos JM, Pellicer A, Romero JL, Tasker F, Hamoda H, Wilner H, Grace J, Khalaf Y, Miyaji S, Mizuno S, Horiuchi L, Haruki A, Fukuda A, Morimoto Y, Utsunomiya T, Kumasako Y, Ito H, Goto K, Koike M, Abe H, Sakamoto T, Kojima F, Koshika T, Muzii L, Magli MC, Gioia L, Scaravelli G, Ferraretti AP, Gianaroli L, Capoti A, Magli MC, Lappi M, Maggi E, Ferraretti AP, Gianaroli L, Scott L, Finn A, Kloos B, Davies D, Yamada M, Hamatani T, Akutsu H, Chikazawa N, Ogawa S, Okumura N, Mochimaru Y, Kuji N, Aoki D, Yoshimura Y, Umezawa A, Aprysko VP, Yakovenko SA, Seregina EA, Yutkin EV, Yelke H, Milik S, Candan ZN, Altin G, Unal S, Atayurt Z, Y. Kumtepe, Chung JT, Son WY, Zhang X, Tan SL, Ao A, Seli E, Botros L, Henson M, Roos P, Judge K, Sakkas D, group MSGMS, Feliciano M, Monahan D, Ermolovich E, Rosenwaks Z, Palermo GD, Mantikou E, van Echten-Arends J, Sikkema-Raddatz B, van der Veen F, Repping S, Mastenbroek S, Botros L, Seli E, Henson M, Roos P, Judge K, Sakkas D, Group MBS, Wells V, Thum MY, Abdalla HI, Machiya R, Akimoto S, Nobuyoshi T, Yoshii N, Hosaka T, Odawara Y, Heindryckx B, Vanden Meerschaut F, Lierman S, Qian C, O'Leary T, Gerris J, De Sutter P, Assou S, Haouzi D, Pellestor F, Monzo C, Dechaud H, De Vos J, Hamamah S, Conaghan J, Fischer E, Popwell J, Ryan I, Chenette P, Givens C, Schriock E, Herbert C, Ermolovich E, Monahan D, Neri QV, Rosenwaks Z, Palermo GD, Verheyen G, Camus M, Van de Velde H, Haentjens P, Devroey P, Mugica A, Esbert M, Molina JM, Garrido N, Pellicer A, Ballesteros A, Calderon G, Rossi ALS, Rocha AM, Alegretti JR, Hassun PA, Gomes LP, Criscuollo T, Serafini P, Motta ELA, Munoz M, Meseguer M, Cruz M, Perez-Cano I, Pellicer A, Gadea B, Martinez M, Fortuno S, Gundersen J, Garrido N, Cruz M, Garrido N, Perez-Cano I, Munoz M, Pellicer A, Martinez M, Gadea B, Selles E, Betersen J, Meseguer M, Le Meaux E, Assou S, Haouzi D, Loup V, Dechaud H, De Vos J, Hamamah S, Ouandaogo G, Assou S, Haouzi D, Ferrieres A, Anahory T, De Vos J, Hamamah S, Monzo C, Assou S, Haouzi D, Pellestor F, Dechaud H, De Vos J, S. Hamamah, Gismano E, Borini A, Cino I, Calzi F, Rabellotti E, Papaleo E, Bianchi V, De Santis L, Sunkara SK, Siozos A, Bolton V, Khalaf Y, Braude P, El-Toukhy T, Cho YS, Ambruosi B, Totaro P, Dell'Aquila ME, Gioacchini G, Bizzaro D, Giorgini E, Ferraris P, Sabbatini S, Carnevali O, Knaggs P, Chau A, Khalil S, Trew G, Lavery S, Jovanovic VP, Gomez R, Sauer CM, Shawber CJ, Outtz HH, Wang X, Sauer MV, Kitajewski J, Zimmermann RC, Mahrous E, Clarke H, Virant-Klun I, Bacer-Kermavner L, Mivsek J, Tomazevic T, Pozlep B, Zorn B, Vrtacnik-Bokal E, Dundure I, Bazarova J, Fodina V, Brikune J, Lakutins J, Jee B, Jo J, Lee J, Suh C, Kim S, Moon S, Shufaro Y, Lebovich M, Aizenman E, Simon A, Laufer N, A. Saada Reisch, Ribeiro MA, Pinto A, Gomes F, Silva Carvalho JL, Almeida H, Massaro FC, Petersen CG, Mauri AL, Silva LFI, Nicoletti APM, Cavagna M, Pontes A, Baruffi RLR, Oliveira JBA, Franco JG, Valcarcel A, Viglierchio MI, Tiveron M, Guidobono M, Inza R, Vilela M, Vilela M, Valcarcel A, Viglierchio MI, Kenny A, Lombardi C, Marconi G. Posters * Embryology (Embryo Selection). Hum Reprod 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/de.25.s1.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Abstract
We have reviewed 1858 patients who had undergone a cervical laminoplasty and identified 43 (2.3%) who had developed a C5 palsy with a MMT (MRC) grade of 0 to 2 in the deltoid, with or without involvement of the biceps, but with no loss of muscular strength in any other muscles. The clinical features and radiological findings of patients with (group P; 43 patients) and without (group C; 100 patients) C5 palsy were compared. CT scanning of group P revealed a significant narrowing of the intervertebral foramen of C5 (p < 0.005) and a larger superior articular process (p < 0.05). On MRI, the posterior shift of the spinal cord at C4–5 was significantly greater in group P, than in group C (p < 0.01). This study is the first to correlate impairment of the C5 nerve root with a C5 palsy. It may be that early foraminotomy in susceptible individuals and the avoidance of tethering of the cord by excessive laminoplasty may prevent a post-operative palsy of the C5 nerve root.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Imagama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoyal University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Turumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Y. Matsuyama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoyal University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Turumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Y. Yukawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chubu Rosai Hospital, 1-10-6 Koumei, Minato-ku, Nagoya 455-8530, Japan
| | - N. Kawakami
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Meijo Hospital, 1-3-1 Sannomaru, Naka-ku, Nagoya 460-0001, Japan
| | - M. Kamiya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Aichi Medical University, 21 Karimata, Iwasaku, Nagakute-cho, Aichi-gun 480-1195, Japan
| | - T. Kanemura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Konan Kosei Hospital, 46 Nobaku, Nobaku-cho, Konan 483-8202, Japan
| | - N. Ishiguro
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoyal University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Turumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
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Sato K, Kamiyama K, Kawakami N, Tachi S. Finger-Shaped GelForce: Sensor for Measuring Surface Traction Fields for Robotic Hand. IEEE Trans Haptics 2010; 3:37-47. [PMID: 27788088 DOI: 10.1109/toh.2009.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
It is believed that the use of haptic sensors to measure the magnitude, direction, and distribution of a force will enable a robotic hand to perform dexterous operations. Therefore, we develop a new type of finger-shaped haptic sensor using GelForce technology. GelForce is a vision-based sensor that can be used to measure the distribution of force vectors, or surface traction fields. The simple structure of the GelForce enables us to develop a compact finger-shaped GelForce for the robotic hand. GelForce that is developed on the basis of an elastic theory can be used to calculate surface traction fields using a conversion equation. However, this conversion equation cannot be analytically solved when the elastic body of the sensor has a complicated shape such as the shape of a finger. Therefore, we propose an observational method and construct a prototype of the finger-shaped GelForce. By using this prototype, we evaluate the basic performance of the finger-shaped GelForce. Then, we conduct a field test by performing grasping operations using a robotic hand. The results of this test show that using the observational method, the finger-shaped GelForce can be successfully used in a robotic hand.
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Lee S, Tsang A, Breslau J, Aguilar-Gaxiola S, Angermeyer M, Borges G, Bromet E, Bruffaerts R, de Girolamo G, Fayyad J, Gureje O, Haro JM, Kawakami N, Levinson D, Oakley Browne MA, Ormel J, Posada-Villa J, Williams DR, Kessler RC. Mental disorders and termination of education in high-income and low- and middle-income countries: epidemiological study. Br J Psychiatry 2009; 194:411-7. [PMID: 19407270 PMCID: PMC2801820 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.108.054841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies of the impact of mental disorders on educational attainment are rare in both high-income and low- and middle-income (LAMI) countries. AIMS To examine the association between early-onset mental disorder and subsequent termination of education. METHOD Sixteen countries taking part in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Survey Initiative were surveyed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (n=41 688). Survival models were used to estimate associations between DSM-IV mental disorders and subsequent non-attainment of educational milestones. RESULTS In high-income countries, prior substance use disorders were associated with non-completion at all stages of education (OR 1.4-15.2). Anxiety disorders (OR=1.3), mood disorders (OR=1.4) and impulse control disorders (OR=2.2) were associated with early termination of secondary education. In LAMI countries, impulse control disorders (OR=1.3) and substance use disorders (OR=1.5) were associated with early termination of secondary education. CONCLUSIONS Onset of mental disorder and subsequent non-completion of education are consistently associated in both high-income and LAMI countries.
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Tada Y, Kawakami N, Fujimoto S. Colossal enhancement of upper critical fields in noncentrosymmetric heavy fermion superconductors near quantum criticality: CeRhSi3 and CeIrSi3. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:267006. [PMID: 19437666 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.267006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Strong-coupling effects on the upper critical fields Hc2 along the c axis in the noncentrosymmetric heavy fermion superconductors near quantum criticality CeRhSi3 and CeIrSi3 are examined. For sufficiently large spin-orbit interactions due to the lack of inversion symmetry, Hc2 is mainly determined by the orbital depairing effects. From microscopic calculations taking into account the strong spin fluctuations, we show that Hc2 is extremely enhanced as the system approaches the quantum critical point, resulting in Hc2 approximately 30 T even in the case of a low transition temperature Tc(H = 0) approximately 1 K, which explains well the huge Hc2 observed in the recent experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Tada
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
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Hirata R, Habara T, Hayashi N, Kawakami N, Yoshioka N, Aoi Y. Association of re-expansion rate of blastocoele and preimplantation embryo development in re-frozen blastocysts. Fertil Steril 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.07.1073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Kawakami N, Osada K, Nishita C, Yabuki M, Kobayashi H, Hara K, Shiobara M. Factors controlling sea salt modification and dry deposition of nonsea-salt components to the ocean. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd009410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Habara T, Hirata R, Yamashita Y, Kawakami N, Yoshioka N, Hayashi N. Investigation of the re-expansion rate of blastocoele and implantation in the single vitrified blastocyst transfer. Fertil Steril 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kurotobi S, Kawakami N, Shimizu K, Aoki H, Nasuno S, Takahashi K, Kogaki S, Ozono K. Brain natriuretic peptide as a hormonal marker of ventricular diastolic dysfunction in children with Kawasaki disease. Pediatr Cardiol 2005; 26:425-30. [PMID: 15633045 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-004-0812-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although an increased level of serum brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) has been reported in children in the acute phase of Kawasaki disease (KD), no precise relation was documented between the serum BNP level and left ventricular (LV) systolic function. We hypothesized that the increased BNP levels may be explained by diastolic abnormalities in those with KD. We prospectively studied 25 patients in the acute phase of KD. Patients with abnormal systolic function were excluded. Pediatric cardiologists making the assessment of LV diastolic function were blinded to the BNP levels. Doppler interrogation was applied to measure LV inflow velocities, which were transformed to z scores using control measurements obtained from 83 healthy subjects. In the patients, the BNP levels ranged from 2.0 to 450.0 pg/ml, with a mean of 54.0 +/- 102.8 pg/ml. Six patients with abnormal velocities (> 2 SD in z score) showed significantly higher levels of BNP (152 +/- 173 pg/ml) than those in the remaining patients (p < 0.01). The BNP levels correlated positively with diastolic atrial velocity in z score (r = 0.51, p < 0.05), and negatively with diastolic early velocity to atrial velocity ratio in z score (r = -0.75, p < 0.01). This study suggests that LV diastolic dysfunction may occur in some children in the acute phase of KD, causing an increased level of BNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kurotobi
- Department of Developmental Medicine, Pediatrics, D-5, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, 565-0871, Suita, Japan.
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Kawakami N, Miyoshi K, Horio S, Yoshimura Y, Yamauchi T, Fukui H. Direct phosphorylation of histamine H1 receptor by various protein kinases in vitro. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 25:685-93. [PMID: 14685295 DOI: 10.1358/mf.2003.25.9.793335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorylation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) by various kinases is suggested to be an important step in initiating receptor desensitization. Some reports have indirectly demonstrated the involvement of protein kinase C (PKC)-mediated receptor phosphorylation in the desensitization of the histamine H1 receptor (H1R). In this study, human c-myc-epitope-tagged H1R (hm mcH1R) was expressed in Sf9 cells, and an in vitro approach was taken to obtain direct evidence that H1R could be phosphorylated by various kinases. When hm mcH1R, which had been immunoprecipitated with anti-c-myc antibody from Sf9 cell membranes, was incubated with PKC, cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA), calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) or cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG), the immunoprecipitated receptor was phosphorylated by these kinases. Membrane-bound hm mcH1R, whose conformation is closer to its physiological state than that of the immunoprecipitated receptor, was also phosphorylated by PKC, PKA, CaMKII and PKG. Phosphorylation of immunoprecipitated and membrane-bound hm mcH1R was inhibited by kinase inhibitors. These data are the first demonstration of the phosphorylation of H1R by four protein kinases, i.e., PKC, PKA, CaMKII and PKG, and provide fundamental information to help us further understand the relationship between H1R phosphorylation and desensitization of this receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kawakami
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
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Horio S, Ogawa M, Kato T, Kawakami N, Miyoshi K, Fujimoto K, Fukui H. Phosphorylation of human histamine H(1) receptors and its role in agonist-induced receptor internalization and down-regulation. Inflamm Res 2004; 53 Suppl 1:S73-4. [PMID: 15054626 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-003-0335-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2003] [Accepted: 01/01/2003] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Horio
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokushima, 770-8505 Tokushima, Japan
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Matsuyama K, Kawakami N, Ichikawa T, Nitta Y, Ishimura K, Horio S, Fukui H. Expression of histamine H 1 receptor in placenta. Inflamm Res 2004; 53 Suppl 1:S85-6. [PMID: 15054632 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-003-0341-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2003] [Accepted: 01/01/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K Matsuyama
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokushima, 1-78-1 Shomachi, 770-8505 Tokushima, Japan
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Miyoshi K, Kawakami N, Horio S, Fukui H. Inhibition of histamine H1 receptor downregulation by KT5823, a protein kinase G inhibitor. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 2003; 25:343-7. [PMID: 12851655 DOI: 10.1358/mf.2003.25.5.769654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The role of various protein kinases in the downregulation of histamine H(1) receptors was studied by using their inhibitors and activators. Human histamine H(1) receptors (H(1)Rs) expressed in CHO cells were downregulated by histamine in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and this downregulation continued to increase over a 24-h period. KT5823, an inhibitor of protein kinase G, remarkably but not completely reversed the histamine-induced H(1)R downregulation over 24 h. HA1004, another inhibitor of protein kinase G, showed a similar inhibitory effect. However, both 8-Br-cGMP and 8-pCPT-cGMP, membrane-permeable analogues of cGMP, did not show any effects on H(1)R downregulation in the absence or presence of histamine. Ro 31-8220, an inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC), did not affect histamine-induced downregulation of H(1)R; nor did phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, a PKC-activating phorbol ester. Similarly, histamine-induced downregulation of H(1)R was unaffected by either H-89, an inhibitor of protein kinase A, or 8-Br-cAMP, a membrane-permeable analogue of cAMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Miyoshi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
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Nagata C, Takatsuka N, Kawakami N, Shimizu H. A prospective cohort study of soy product intake and stomach cancer death. Br J Cancer 2002; 87:31-6. [PMID: 12085252 PMCID: PMC2364290 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6600349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2001] [Revised: 03/27/2002] [Accepted: 04/10/2002] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between intake of soy products and death from stomach cancer was examined in a community-based prospective study of Japanese men and women in Takayama, Japan. Over 7 years of follow-up, 121 deaths from stomach cancer (81 men and 40 women) occurred among 30,304 (13,880 men and 16,424 women) participants who were at least 35 years of age. Diet including the intake of soy products and isoflavones was assessed by a validated semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire at the beginning of the study. In men, the highest compared to the lowest tertile of total soy product intake was significantly inversely associated with death from stomach cancer after controlling for covariates (hazard ratios=0.50; 95% confidence intervals (CIs) 0.26-0.93, P for trend=0.03). Decreased hazard ratios for the highest compared to the lowest tertiles of total soy product intake (hazard ratios=0.49; 95% CI 0.22-1.13) was observed in women, although this association was of marginal significance. These data suggest that soy intake may reduce the risk of death from stomach cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Nagata
- Department of Public Health, Gifu University School of Medicine, 40 Tsukasa-machi, Gifu 500-8705, Japan.
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Abstract
The relationships between fat intake and serum estrone, estradiol, and sex hormone-binding globulin were examined cross-sectionally in 60 premenopausal Japanese women. Blood samples were collected on Day 11 of the menstrual cycle. Intake of fats, classified according to fat type, and other macro- and micronutrients was estimated on the basis of daily diet records from Day 2 through Day 10 of the cycle. Total fat intake was significantly correlated with serum estrone concentration (Spearman r = 0.30, p = 0.02) and marginally significantly correlated with serum estradiol concentration (r = 0.26, p = 0.05) after controlling for age, total energy, and number of days before the next menses. Monounsaturated fat intake was significantly correlated with serum estrone (r = 0.32, p = 0.02) and serum estradiol (r = 0.27, p = 0.045). These data suggest an effect of dietary fat on serum estrogen concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Nagata
- Department of Public Health, Gifu University School of Medicine, Gifu 500-8705, Japan
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Nagata C, Takatsuka N, Kawakami N, Shimizu H. Relationships between types of fat consumed and serum estrogen and androgen concentrations in Japanese men. Nutr Cancer 2002; 38:163-7. [PMID: 11525593 DOI: 10.1207/s15327914nc382_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The relationships between types of fat consumed and serum concentrations of estrone, estradiol, total and free testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and sex hormone-binding globulin were examined in 69 Japanese men aged 43-88 years. Diet was assessed by a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Intake of saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fats was inversely correlated with serum total testosterone after controlling for age, total energy, body mass index, alcohol intake, and smoking status, but the correlation was statistically significant only for polyunsaturated fat (r = -0.29, p = 0.02). Intakes of eicosapentanoic and docosahexaenoic acids, n-3 fatty acids from fish, were significantly inversely correlated with total testosterone (r = -0.25, p = 0.04 and r = -0.32, p = 0.01, respectively). Serum estrone, estradiol, and free testosterone were not significantly correlated with any type of fat studied. The correlations of total testosterone with n-3 fatty acids from fish remained significant after additional adjustment for the other categories of fat (r = -0.27, p = 0. 03 for eicosapentanoic acid and r = -0.32, p = 0.01 for docosahexaenoic acid), while the correlations with saturated and monounsaturated fats became nearly null after the adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Nagata
- Department of Public Health, Gifu University School of Medicine, Japan
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