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Nimi C, Rani N, Singh R. Forensic aspects of condom evidence: Analysis, interpretation, and recent trends. Forensic Sci Int 2024; 357:111988. [PMID: 38520829 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.111988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, collection and analysis of condom evidence in sexual assault investigations are becoming more common in forensic caseworks. Condom analysis can provide investigative leads or establish potential contact between the suspect and victim in the absence of DNA evidence or supplement biological evidence. Recent forensic literature shows significant advancements in the analysis of condom lubricants, including casework samples. There is an increasing trend in the use of chemometric tools for the comparison and interpretation of the results. This review highlights the advances in common analytical techniques used for the analysis of condom lubricants with a particular focus on the developments occurring in recent years, including chemometric interpretation. The analysis of reference and casework samples (swab samples, samples on skin, clothing and fingermark) are discussed separately. For casework samples, the transfer and persistence of different lubricant formulations are discussed, along with their detection with various analytical approaches. The issues with the interpretation of lubricants are also discussed in another section, with particular emphasis on samples such as personal hygiene products which have similar formulations with sexual lubricants and the interpretation of negative profiles. The current challenges in the field and prospects for future research are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongtham Nimi
- Department of Forensic Science, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab 147002, India
| | - Nisha Rani
- Department of Forensic Science, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab 147002, India
| | - Rajinder Singh
- Department of Forensic Science, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab 147002, India; Uttar Pradesh State Institute of Forensic Science, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226008, India.
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2
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Ruggiero M, Conforti A, Culcasi A, Mazzanti C, Sibahi G, Rani N, Sartini S. A focus on melorheostosis disease: a literature review and case report of femoral-acetabular impingement due to melorheostosis treated with surgical hip osteoplasty. Reumatismo 2024; 76. [PMID: 38523583 DOI: 10.4081/reumatismo.2024.1621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Melorheostosis is a rare, non-hereditary, benign bone disease characterized by abnormal bone growth. Generally, melorheostosis develops during childhood or adolescence and progresses gradually over time. This disease represents a true challenge to the physician because of its variability due to location, extension of the affected bone, and involvement of associated soft tissue. Pain management, physical therapy, and surgery may be recommended, depending on the individual case. This review aims to get an overview of the latest evidence relating to epidemiology, clinical and radiographic characteristics, diagnosis, and possible therapeutic strategies for melorheostosis and describe our experience through a clinical case. METHODS We designed a comprehensive literature search on melorheostosis in MEDLINE (via Pubmed) up to April 2023 and reviewed reports published in international journals. RESULTS The purpose is to highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in the management of a rare disease such as melorheostosis. We discuss the role of different physicians, including genetists, rheumatologists, physiatrists, physical therapists, and orthopedic surgeons, in providing accurate diagnoses and effective treatments. We conducted a comprehensive review of the literature on the treatment of melorheostosis to support these findings. In addition, the article presents a case study of a patient suffering from melorheostosis, focusing on difficulties in reaching a correct diagnosis and attempts towards conservative and surgical interventions. The patient underwent hip arthroplasty, and the final result was an improvement in function and a reduction in pain. CONCLUSIONS Managing melorheostosis can be challenging, and there is no standardized treatment for this condition at the moment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ruggiero
- Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 2, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna.
| | - A Conforti
- Local Health Unit Roma 4, Civitavecchia, Rome.
| | - A Culcasi
- Technical and Rehabilitation Nursing Service, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna.
| | - C Mazzanti
- Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 2, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna.
| | - G Sibahi
- Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 2, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna.
| | - N Rani
- Conservative Orthopaedic Surgery and Innovative Techniques, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna.
| | - S Sartini
- Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 2, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna.
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Rani N, Alm KH, Corona-Long CA, Speck CL, Soldan A, Pettigrew C, Zhu Y, Albert M, Bakker A. Tau PET burden in Brodmann areas 35 and 36 is associated with individual differences in cognition in non-demented older adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1272946. [PMID: 38161595 PMCID: PMC10757623 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1272946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The accumulation of neurofibrillary tau tangles, a neuropathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), occurs in medial temporal lobe (MTL) regions early in the disease process, with some of the earliest deposits localized to subregions of the entorhinal cortex. Although functional specialization of entorhinal cortex subregions has been reported, few studies have considered functional associations with localized tau accumulation. Methods In this study, stepwise linear regressions were used to examine the contributions of regional tau burden in specific MTL subregions, as measured by 18F-MK6240 PET, to individual variability in cognition. Dependent measures of interest included the Clinical Dementia Rating Sum of Boxes (CDR-SB), Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), and composite scores of delayed episodic memory and language. Other model variables included age, sex, education, APOE4 status, and global amyloid burden, indexed by 11C-PiB. Results Tau burden in right Brodmann area 35 (BA35), left and right Brodmann area 36 (BA36), and age each uniquely contributed to the proportion of explained variance in CDR-SB scores, while right BA36 and age were also significant predictors of MMSE scores, and right BA36 was significantly associated with delayed episodic memory performance. Tau burden in both left and right BA36, along with education, uniquely contributed to the proportion of explained variance in language composite scores. Importantly, the addition of more inclusive ROIs, encompassing less granular segmentation of the entorhinal cortex, did not significantly contribute to explained variance in cognition across any of the models. Discussion These findings suggest that the ability to quantify tau burden in more refined MTL subregions may better account for individual differences in cognition, which may improve the identification of non-demented older adults who are on a trajectory of decline due to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Rani
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kylie H. Alm
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Caitlin A. Corona-Long
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Caroline L. Speck
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Anja Soldan
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Corinne Pettigrew
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Yuxin Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Marilyn Albert
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Arnold Bakker
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Rani N, Alam MM, Jamal A, Bin Ghaffar U, Parvez S. Caenorhabditis elegans: A transgenic model for studying age-associated neurodegenerative diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 91:102036. [PMID: 37598759 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are a heterogeneous group of aging-associated ailments characterized by interrupting cellular proteostasic machinery and the misfolding of distinct proteins to form toxic aggregates in neurons. Neurodegenerative diseases, which include Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington's disease (HD), and others, are becoming an increasing threat to human health worldwide. The degeneration and death of certain specific groups of neurons are the hallmarks of these diseases. Over the past decades, Caenorhabditis eleganshas beenwidely used as a transgenic model to investigate biological processes related to health and disease. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) has developed as a powerful tool for studying disease mechanisms due to its ease of genetic handling and instant cultivation while providing a whole-animal system amendable to several molecular and biochemical techniques. In this review, we elucidate the potential of C. elegans as a versatile platform for systematic dissection of the molecular basis of human disease, focusing on neurodegenerative disorders, and may help better our understanding of the disease mechanisms and search for new therapeutics for these devastating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Rani
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mohammad Mumtaz Alam
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Azfar Jamal
- Department of Biology, College of Science Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Usama Bin Ghaffar
- Department of Basic Science, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suhel Parvez
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
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Hazari PP, Yadav SK, Kumar PK, Dhingra V, Rani N, Kumar R, Singh B, Mishra AK. Preclinical and Clinical Use of Indigenously Developed 99mTc-Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic Acid-Bis-Methionine: l-Type Amino Acid Transporter 1-Targeted Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography Radiotracer for Glioma Management. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:1233-1247. [PMID: 37705592 PMCID: PMC10496141 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
A new era in tumor classification, diagnosis, and prognostic evaluation has begun as a consequence of recent developments in the molecular and genetic characterization of central nervous system tumors. In this newly emerging era, molecular imaging modalities are essential for preoperative diagnosis, surgical planning, targeted treatment, and post-therapy evaluation of gliomas. The radiotracers are able to identify brain tumors, distinguish between low- and high-grade lesions, confirm a patient's eligibility for theranostics, and assess post-radiation alterations. We previously synthesized and reported the novel l-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT-1)-targeted amino acid derivative in light of the use of amino acid derivatives in imaging technologies. Further, we have developed a single vial ready to label Tc-lyophilized kit preparations of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid-bis-methionine [DTPA-bis(Met)], also referred to as methionine-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid-methionine (MDM) and evaluated its imaging potential in numerous clinical studies. This review summarizes our previous publications on 99mTc-DTPA-bis(Met) in different clinical studies such as detection of breast cancer, as a prognostic marker, in detection of recurrent/residual gliomas, for differentiation of recurrent/residual gliomas from radiation necrosis, and for comparison of 99mTc-DTPA-bis(Met) with 11C-L-methionine (11C-MET), with relevant literature on imaging modalities in glioma management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Panwar Hazari
- Division
of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, DRDO, Delhi- 110054, India
| | - Shiv Kumar Yadav
- Division
of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, DRDO, Delhi- 110054, India
| | - Pardeep Kumar Kumar
- Department
of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Bangalore-560029, India
| | - Vandana Dhingra
- All
India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh-249203, India
| | - Nisha Rani
- Division
of Psychiatric Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral
Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School
of Medicine 600 N. Wolfe Street, Phipps 300, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- All
India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi-110029, India
| | - Baljinder Singh
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine, Postgraduate Institute
of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh-160012, India
| | - Anil K. Mishra
- Division
of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, DRDO, Delhi- 110054, India
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Arya S, Chhabra S, Singhal R, Kumari A, Wadhwa N, Anand P, Naburi H, Kawaza K, Newton S, Adejuyigbe E, Westrup B, Bergman N, Rettedal S, Linner A, Chauhan R, Rani N, Minckas N, Yoshida S, Rao S, Chellani H. Effect on neonatal sepsis following immediate kangaroo mother care in a newborn intensive care unit: a post-hoc analysis of a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 60:102006. [PMID: 37251633 PMCID: PMC10209186 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To implement the immediate Kangaroo mother care (iKMC) intervention in the previous multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial, the mother or a surrogate caregiver and neonate needed to be together continuously, which led to the concept of the Mother-Newborn Care Unit (MNCU). Health-care providers and administrators were concerned of the potential increase in infections caused by the continuous presence of mothers or surrogates in the MNCU. We aimed to assess the incidence of neonatal sepsis in sub-groups and the bacterial profile among intervention and control neonates in the study population. Methods This is a post-hoc analysis of the previous iKMC trial, which was conducted in five level 2 Newborn Intensive Care Units (NICUs) one each in Ghana, India, Malawi, Nigeria, and Tanzania, in neonates with birth weight 1 to <1.8 kg. The intervention was KMC initiated immediately after birth and continued until discharge and compared to conventional care with KMC initiated after meeting stability criteria. The primary outcomes of this report were the incidence of neonatal sepsis in sub-groups, sepsis-related mortality and bacterial profile of isolates during hospital stay. The original trial is registered with the Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12618001880235) and the Clinical Trials Registry-India (CTRI/2018/08/01536). Findings Between November 30, 2017, and January 20, 2020, 1609 newborns in the intervention group and in the control group 1602 newborns were enrolled in iKMC study. 1575 newborns in the intervention group and 1561 in the control group were clinically evaluated for sepsis. Suspected sepsis was 14% lower in intervention group in sub-group of neonates with birth weight 1.0-<1.5 kg; RR 0.86 (CI 0.75, 0.99). Among neonates with birth weight 1.5-<1.8 kg, suspected sepsis was reduced by 24%; RR 0.76 (CI 0.62, 0.93). Suspected sepsis rates were lower in intervention group than in the control group across all sites. Sepsis related mortality was 37% less in intervention group than the control group; RR 0.63 (CI 0.47-0.85) which was statistically significant. The intervention group had fewer cases of Gram-negative isolates (n = 9) than Gram positive isolates (n = 16). The control group had more cases of Gram-negative isolates (n = 18) than Gram positive (n = 12). Interpretation Immediate Kangaroo Mother care is an effective intervention to prevent neonatal sepsis and sepsis related mortality. Funding The original trial was funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation through a grant to the World Health Organization (grant No. OPP1151718).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sugandha Arya
- Department of Paediatrics, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Suhail Chhabra
- Department of Paediatrics, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Richa Singhal
- Department of Paediatrics, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Archana Kumari
- Department of Paediatrics, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Nitya Wadhwa
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Post Box #04, Faridabad, Haryana, 121001, India
| | - Pratima Anand
- Department of Paediatrics, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Helga Naburi
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, 255, Tanzania
| | - Kondwani Kawaza
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Sam Newton
- School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Accra Road, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Ebunoluwa Adejuyigbe
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Bjorn Westrup
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Nils Bergman
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Siren Rettedal
- Department of Paediatrics, Stavanger University Hospital, Norway
| | - Agnes Linner
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rahul Chauhan
- Department of Paediatrics, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Nisha Rani
- Department of Paediatrics, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Nicole Minckas
- Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health and Ageing, World Health Organization, Switzerland
| | - Sachiyo Yoshida
- Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health and Ageing, World Health Organization, Switzerland
| | - Suman Rao
- Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health and Ageing, World Health Organization, Switzerland
- Department of Neonatology, St John's Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru, India
| | - Harish Chellani
- Department of Paediatrics, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
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Yoo CH, Chen Z, Rani N, Chen J, Rong J, Chen L, Zhang L, Liang SH, Wey HY. Evaluation of [ 18F]PF-06455943 as a Potential LRRK2 PET Imaging Agent in the Brain of Nonhuman Primates. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:370-377. [PMID: 36630128 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene are the common causes of inherited Parkinson's disease (PD) and emerged as a causative PD gene. Particularly, LRRK2-Gly2019Ser mutation was reported to alter the early phase of neuronal differentiation, increasing cell death. Selective inhibitors of LRRK2 kinase activity were considered as a promising therapeutic target for PD treatment. However, the development of effective brain-penetrant LRRK2 inhibitors remains challenging. Recently, we have developed a novel positron emission tomography (PET) radioligand for LRRK2 imaging and demonstrated preferable tracer properties in rodents. Herein, we evaluate [18F]PF-06455943 quantification methods in the nonhuman primate (NHP) brain using full kinetic modeling with radiometabolite-corrected arterial blood samples, and homologous blocking with two doses (0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg). Kinetic analysis results demonstrated that a two-tissue compartmental model and a Logan graphical analysis are appropriate for [18F]PF-06455943 PET quantification. In addition, we observed that total distribution volume (VT) values can be reliably estimated with as short as a 30 min scan duration. Homologous blocking studies confirmed the specific binding of [18F]PF-06455943 and revealed that the nonradioactive mass of PF-06455943 achieved 45-55% of VT displacement in the whole brain. This work supports the translation of [18F]PF-06455943 PET imaging for the human brain and target occupancy studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Hyeon Yoo
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Zhen Chen
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Center for Advanced Medical Imaging Sciences, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Nisha Rani
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Jiahui Chen
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Center for Advanced Medical Imaging Sciences, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Jian Rong
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Center for Advanced Medical Imaging Sciences, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Laigao Chen
- Digital Medicine & Translational Imaging, Early Clinical Development, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Lei Zhang
- Medicine Design, Internal Medicine Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Steven H Liang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Center for Advanced Medical Imaging Sciences, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Hsiao-Ying Wey
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
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Rani N, Kainth HS, Singh S, Sandhu BS, Singh G. Contribution of near-edge processes to the L X-ray emission lines for various lanthanum (III) compounds. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
In India, the ambient air quality has been degrading from past few decades especially in urban areas. Vehicular emissions are amongst one of the major reasons for the deterioration of ambient air quality in such areas. This article is an effort to review the vehicular emission standards of the major countries (USA, Europe, Japan and Australia) and compare with Indian emission standards. However, there exists several differences in present emission standards followed by different countries. For instance, emission standards in USA are fuel neutral, while no separate weight categorization exists among light-duty vehicles (LDVs). In Europe, Japan, Australia and India, separate weight categorization and emission limits for both petrol and diesel vehicles are provided. It was observed that different driving test cycles used by different countries are the reasons for numerical differences in vehicular emission standards. To rectify this, a worldwide harmonized test cycle (WHTC) is introduced by United Nations Economic Committee for Europe (UNECE) that would represent real-world driving and verifies that the statutory emission limits are not exceeded during actual driving. Countries like Japan and Europe have already been following the WHTC, while some other countries may introduce the same in near future. Yet the real-world emissions across the world keeps on diverging. In such situation, harmonization of vehicle emission standards worldwide is a bit challenging, based on dynamics of road conditions, driving patterns, environmental conditions, etc. Thus, more concerted research is needed for evolution of a common universal emission standards implementable worldwide so that the uniformity in information and policies available to the common public could be maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Singh
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi, 110012 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - Monika J. Kulshrestha
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi, 110012 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - Nisha Rani
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi, 110012 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - K. Kumar
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi, 110012 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - C. Sharma
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi, 110012 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - D. K. Aswal
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085 India
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10
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Bai P, Mondal P, Bagdasarian FA, Rani N, Liu Y, Gomm A, Tocci DR, Choi SH, Wey HY, Tanzi RE, Zhang C, Wang C. Development of a potential PET probe for HDAC6 imaging in Alzheimer’s disease. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:3891-3904. [PMID: 36213537 PMCID: PMC9532562 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the epigenetic regulatory protein histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) has been recently implicated in the etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), little is known about the role of HDAC6 in the etiopathogenesis of AD and whether HDAC6 can be a potential therapeutic target for AD. Here, we performed positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in combination with histopathological analysis to better understand the underlying pathomechanisms of HDAC6 in AD. We first developed [18F]PB118 which was demonstrated as a valid HDAC6 radioligand with excellent brain penetration and high specificity to HDAC6. PET studies of [18F]PB118 in 5xFAD mice showed significantly increased radioactivity in the brain compared to WT animals, with more pronounced changes identified in the cortex and hippocampus. The translatability of this radiotracer for AD in a potential human use was supported by additional studies, including similar uptake profiles in non-human primates, an increase of HDAC6 in AD-related human postmortem hippocampal tissues by Western blotting protein analysis, and our ex vivo histopathological analysis of HDAC6 in postmortem brain tissues of our animals. Collectively, our findings show that HDAC6 may lead to AD by mechanisms that tend to affect brain regions particularly susceptible to AD through an association with amyloid pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Bai
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Prasenjit Mondal
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Frederick A. Bagdasarian
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Nisha Rani
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Yan Liu
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Ashley Gomm
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Darcy R. Tocci
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Se Hoon Choi
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Hsiao-Ying Wey
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Rudolph E. Tanzi
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Can Zhang
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
- Corresponding authors. Tel.: +1 617 724 3983; fax: +1 617 726 7422.
| | - Changning Wang
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
- Corresponding authors. Tel.: +1 617 724 3983; fax: +1 617 726 7422.
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Rani N, Dehiya BS. Magnetic core-shell Fe 3 O 4 @TiO 2 nanocomposites for broad spectrum antibacterial applications. IET Nanobiotechnol 2021; 15:301-308. [PMID: 34694669 PMCID: PMC8675785 DOI: 10.1049/nbt2.12017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors have synthesised a core‐shell Fe3O4@TiO2 nanocomposite consisting of Fe3O4 as a magnetic core, and TiO2 as its external shell. The TiO2 shell is primarily intended for use as a biocompatible and antimicrobial carrier for drug delivery and possible other applications such as wastewater remediation purposes because of its known antibacterial and photocatalytic properties. The magnetic core enables quick and easy concentration and separation of nanoparticles. The magnetite nanoparticles were synthesized by a hydrothermal route using ferric chloride as a single‐source precursor. The magnetite nanoparticles were then coated with titanium dioxide using titanium butoxide as a precursor. The core‐shell Fe3O4@TiO2 nanostructure particles were characterized by XRD, UV spectroscopy, and FT‐IR, TEM, and VSM techniques. The saturation magnetization of Fe3O4 nanoparticles was significantly reduced from 74.2 to 13.7 emu/g after the TiO2 coating. The antibacterial studies of magnetic nanoparticles and the titania‐coated magnetic nanocomposite were carried out against gram+ve, and gram–ve bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella flexneri, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhi) using well diffusion technique. The inhibition zone for E. coli (17 mm after 24 h) was higher than the other bacterial strains; nevertheless, both the uncoated and TiO2‐coated magnetite nanocomposites showed admirable antibacterial activity against each of the above bacterial strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Rani
- Department of (MSN) Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology (DCRUST), Murthal, Haryana, India
| | - Brijnandan S Dehiya
- Department of (MSN) Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology (DCRUST), Murthal, Haryana, India
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Rani N, Dehiya BS. Magnetically recyclable copper doped core-shell Fe 3O 4@TiO 2@Cu nanocomposites for wastewater remediation. Environ Technol 2021; 43:1-9. [PMID: 34256686 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.1954094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The smart magnetic nanocomposites have been doped to diminish the energy bandgap of the photocatalyst and to permit recovering of the photocatalyst after the wastewater treatment. The core-shell Fe3O4@TiO2 nanocomposite was synthesised by the hydrothermal method using titanium butoxide as a precursor. The nanocomposites were examined by XRD, VSM, UV-Vis, and TEM techniques. The energy band gap of core-shell Fe3O4@TiO2 nanocomposite is 3.5 eV. Doping of copper with a concentration of 1, 2, and 3 wt% into TiO2 shell was done to increase the performance of photocatalyst. The Fe3O4/PVP@TiO2@Cu photocatalyst was used for dye wastewater treatment. The energy bandgap decreased to 2.2 eV after copper doping into the TiO2 shell specified that copper-doped nanocomposite could be an outstanding photocatalyst. The photocatalytic activity was carried out using methylene blue(MB) and methyl orange (MO) under sunlight. About 65% of methylene blue and 85% of methyl orange degradation was done using Cu (3wt %) doped Fe3O4@TiO2 nanocomposite. These photocatalysts can be easily withdrawn with a magnetic field. The Fe3O4/PVP@TiO2@Cu photocatalyst has been demonstrated to be very functional or effective for the degradation of MB and MO dyes using solar illumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Rani
- Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal, Sonepat, India
| | - Brijnandan S Dehiya
- Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal, Sonepat, India
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Kasapuram D, Ganapathy A, Harisha K, Bhukya S, Rani N, Singh S. Neuromuscular variations in the gluteal region - Embryological basis and clinical significance. Clin Ter 2021; 172:91-93. [PMID: 33763684 DOI: 10.7417/ct.2021.2290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Piriformis, is a key muscle in the gluteal region. Under its lower border sciatic nerve and inferior gluteal nerves exit. During routine educational dissection of the lower limb, bilateral gluteal regions in fifteen cadavers (30 gluteal regions) focusing on the variations of inferior gluteal nerve and sciatic nerve with respect to piriformis muscle were observed in the department of anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. In one of the left sided specimens, inferior gluteal nerve had an abnormal course, piercing superior belly of piriformis muscle instead of emerging through the lower border of it along with variation of the sciatic nerve. The common peroneal component of the sciatic nerve was coming out between the two anomalous tendinous slips of the piriformis muscle, whereas the tibial component, emerged along lower border of the piriformis muscle bilaterally in the same cadaver. In the remaining cadavers, there were no variations of the inferior gluteal nerve with respect to the piriformis muscle. But in another cadaver, there was a similar variation of the sciatic nerve bilaterally. Inferior gluteal and sciatic nerves, when compressed by muscle belly or tendinous slips of the piriformis muscle, may cause lurching gait and sciatica respectively. Knowledge of the different variations of these peripheral nerves with respect to the piriformis muscle is important to clinicians and surgeons for the accurate diagnosis and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Kasapuram
- MBBS, MD Anatomy Assistant professor, Department of anatomy, MNR Medical College, Faisalwadi, Sangareddy
| | - A Ganapathy
- MBBS, MD Anatomy Senior resident, Department of anatomy, AIIMS, New Delhi, India. - 110029
| | - K Harisha
- MBBS, MD,Assistant professor, Department of anatomy, AIIMS, New Delhi, India. - 110029
| | - S Bhukya
- MBBS,MD Anatomy Assistant professor, Department of Anatomy, AFMC, Pune, India
| | - N Rani
- Msc, PhD, Associate professor, Department of anatomy, AIIMS, New Delhi, India. - 110029
| | - S Singh
- Department of anatomy, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
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Pahuja V, Rani N, Singh H, Singh K, Dugg P, Singh DP, Chand P. Open Technique Versus Blind Technique in Placement of Primary Ports in Laparoscopic Procedures- A Prospective Cohort Study. J Clin Diagn Res 2021. [DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2021/30610.15398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Laparoscopic access has always been a challenge because it has been associated with severe complications and sometimes fatal also. Aim:Tocompareopentechniqueversusblindtechniqueinplacement of primary port in various laparoscopic procedures in terms of operative time, complications, ease of use and acceptability. Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted at Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab, India, between June 2014 to August 2016. The study included 100 patients, which were divided into two groups. Group A (n=50) received placement of primary port by open technique and Group B (n=50) received placement of primary port by blind technique. The time taken for access into peritoneal cavity and duration of surgery was noted. Multivariate analysis done using Chi-square test, p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Mean age of patients in group A and group B was 42.66±12.37 years and 43.06±14.67 years, respectively. Majority of patients were females in both groups (n=45 in group A and n=39 in group B). There was no significant difference in time taken for access into peritoneal cavity (p-value>0.05). The duration of hospital stay (in hours) of the patients was 36.96 in Group A and 34.42 in Group B which was not statistically significant. The incidence of intraoperative and postoperative complications was not significant. Most common complication port site infections 3 (6%) in Group A. Conclusion: There was no significant difference between the two techniques with respect to time taken for peritoneal access and complications. In expert hands, both methods are comparable.
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Jaiswal M, Ganapathy A, Singh S, Sarwar S, Quadri JA, Rani N, Das P, Pal S, Shariff A. Morphology of enteric glia in colorectal carcinoma: A comparative study of tumor site and its proximal normal margin. Morphologie 2020; 105:267-274. [PMID: 33309198 DOI: 10.1016/j.morpho.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the world and fifth most common cancer in India. To understand the extent of perineural invasion (PNI) in CRC it is essential to study the morphology of enteric glial cells (EGCs). The aim of the study was to analyze the numerical density of EGCs and area of myenteric ganglia (MG) in the colonic tissue samples collected from CRC patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifteen intraoperative tissue specimens were collected from the tumor site and 2cm proximal to the upper extent of tumor. The samples were divided into four groups: group 1 (n=15): proximal tumor free colonic tissue; group 2 (n=3): well-differentiated; group 3 (n=8): moderately differentiated; group 4 (n=4): poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. After processing the tissues were subjected to hematoxylin and eosin staining. The anti-S100β and anti-GFAP antibodies were used to observe the EGCs. RESULTS In the H&E stained sections the number of myenteric ganglia appeared to be decreasing with increasing grade of adenocarcinoma. Immunostaining showed significant decreasing pattern in the numerical density of EGCs per myenteric ganglion and mean area of myenteric ganglia in relation to the thickness of circular muscle, corresponding to the increasing grades of adenocarcinoma. The morphology of the EGCs remained unaltered in the colonic tissue adjacent to the tumor site. CONCLUSION Significant loss of EGCs and neurodegeneration corresponded with the grade of tumor emphasizing on its prognostic value. The PNI was not seen in the clear margin proximal to the tumor site.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jaiswal
- Department of anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, 110029 New Delhi, India
| | - A Ganapathy
- Department of anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, 110029 New Delhi, India
| | - S Singh
- Department of anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, 110029 New Delhi, India.
| | - S Sarwar
- Department of anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, 110029 New Delhi, India
| | - J A Quadri
- Department of anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, 110029 New Delhi, India
| | - N Rani
- Department of anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, 110029 New Delhi, India
| | - P Das
- Department of pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Pal
- Department of gastrointestinal surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - A Shariff
- Department of anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, 110029 New Delhi, India
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Rani N, Singh B, Kumar N, Singh P, Hazari PP, Jaswal A, Gupta SK, Chhabra R, Radotra BD, Mishra AK. The diagnostic performance of 99mTc-methionine single-photon emission tomography in grading glioma preoperatively: a comparison with histopathology and Ki-67 indices. Nucl Med Commun 2020; 41:848-857. [PMID: 32796472 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000001230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize glioma preoperatively using quantitative 99mTc-methionine SPECT and comparison with MR-perfusion/spectroscopy and histopatholgical/Ki-67 scoring. METHODS Twenty-nine patients (21M: 8F; mean age 42.3 ± 10.5 years) with clinical and radiological suspicion of glioma assessed by 99mTc-MDM/SPECT and ceMRI. Additionally, 12/29 patients underwent dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced (DSCE) MRI and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) examination. Three patients with benign pathologies were recruited as controls. Histopathological tumor analysis was done in all (n = 29) the patients, and the Ki-67 index was evaluated in 20/29 patients. The target-to-nontarget (T/NT) methionine tumor uptake ratios, normalized cerebral blood volume (nCBV) and metabolites [choline/N-acetyl aspartate (Cho/NAA), Cho/creatine (Cr), Cr/NAA and Cr/Cho) ratios were measured in tumor areas. RESULTS On histopathological analysis, 26/29 patients had glioma (G IV-13; G III-04; G II-09). The mean T/NT ratio in G-II was significantly lower (2.46 ± 2.3) than in G-III (7.13 ± 2.2) and G-IV (5.16 ± 1.2). However, the mean ratio was highest (15.9 ± 6.8) in meningioma (n=3). The T/NT cutoff ratio of 3.08 provided 100% sensitivity, 87.5% specificity for discriminating high-grade glioma (HGG) from low-grade glioma (LGG) disease. Likewise, the nCBV cutoff of 2.43 offered 100% sensitivity and 80% specificity. Only the Cho/NAA cutoff value of greater than 3.34 provided reasonable sensitivity and specificity of 85.7% and 80.0% respectively for this differentiation. T/NT ratio correlated significantly with nCBV and Cho/NAA, Cho/Cr ratios but not with Ki-67. CONCLUSION Quantitative 99mTc-MDM -SPECT provided high sensitivity and specificity to differentiate HGG versus LGG preoperatively and demonstrated a potential role for the differential diagnosis of glial versus nonglial tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Puja P Hazari
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Science, DRDO, New Delhi
| | - Ambika Jaswal
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Science, DRDO, New Delhi
| | | | | | | | - Anil K Mishra
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Science, DRDO, New Delhi
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Rani N, Singh B, Kumar N, Singh P, Hazari PP, Vyas S, Hooda M, Chitkara A, Shekhawat AS, Gupta SK, Radotra BD, Mishra AK. [ 99mTc]-Bis-Methionine-DTPA Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography Impacting Glioma Management: A Sensitive Indicator for Postsurgical/Chemoradiotherapy Response Assessment. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2020; 36:568-578. [PMID: 32644819 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2020.3696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The present study evaluated the prognostic value of [99mTc]MDM (bis-methionine-DTPA) follow-up single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging for response assessment to chemoradiotherapy in glioma postoperatively. Materials and Methods: One hundred fourteen glioma patients (80 M:34 F) were followed postoperatively by sequential [99mTc]MDM SPECT, dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced (DSCE)-MRI, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) at baseline, 6, 12, and 22.5 months postchemoradiotherapy. The quantitative imaging results and the clinical outcome were used for response assessment and for the final diagnosis. The quantitative parameter of [99mTc]MDM SPECT were also used for survival analysis. Results: A significantly (p = 0.001) lower target to nontarget (T/NT) ratio was observed in responders than in nonresponders. The sensitivity and specificity of [99mTc]MDM-SPECT for identifying tumor recurrence from radiation necrosis at a cutoff ratio of 1.90 were estimated at 97.9% and 92%. Whereas, the sensitivity and specificity of DSCE-MRI with the normalized cerebral blood volume (nCBV) cutoff of 3.32 for this differentiation was found to be 84.6% and 93.0%. MRS intensity ratios of Cho/NAA and Cho/Cr provided comparatively lower sensitivity of 81.0% and 85.3% and specificity of 73.0% and 73.7%. T/NT ratios correlated with nCBV (r = 0.775, p < 0.001) and to a moderate extent with Cho/NAA ratios (r = 0.467, p = 0.001). [99mTc]MDM SPECT and DSCE-MRI provided comparable results for predicting response assessment to chemoradiotherapy. There was a final diagnosis in 72 patients, of which 47 cases were tumor recurrence and 25 were radiation necrosis. The Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that patients with T/NT ratio <1.9 showed prolonged survival (53.8 months) as compared (37.2 months) with those who demonstrated T/NT ratio >1.9 (p = 0.0001). Conclusion: Thus, this low-cost SPECT technique in combination with DSCE-MRI can be used accurately for mapping the disease activity, response assessment, and survival in glioma. [99mTc]MDM SPECT and DSCE-MRI had the same diagnostic efficacy to detect recurrent/residual tumor and radiation necrosis while MRS was inferior to both the techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Rani
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | | | | | - Paramjeet Singh
- Department of Radio-Diagnosis and Imaging, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Puja P Hazari
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Science, DRDO, New Delhi, India
| | - Sameer Vyas
- Department of Radio-Diagnosis and Imaging, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Monika Hooda
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ajay Chitkara
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Sunil K Gupta
- Department of Neurosurgery, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Anil K Mishra
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Science, DRDO, New Delhi, India
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Ganapathy A, Kumar V, Prathapamchandra V, Jessy JP, Rani N, Kaler S, Singh S. Topographic Localization of Nerve to Masseter Muscle to determine the Primary Nerve- Muscle Relation, an Aid to Facial Sculpting Techniques. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J 2020. [DOI: 10.32098/mltj.01.2020.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - V. Kumar
- Department of Anatomy, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | | | - JP Jessy
- Department of Anatomy, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - N. Rani
- Department of Anatomy, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - S. Kaler
- Department of Anatomy, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - S. Singh
- Department of Anatomy, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
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Abstract
We investigate the gamma radiation shielding properties of some Bi-Sn-Zn alloys. For this study, we synthesised five bismuth-based lead-free alloy samples using the melt quench technique with the composition Bi50Sn[Formula: see text]Zn[Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] Apart from physical parameters such as the weight, density, and thickness of the alloy samples, we estimated their optimum thickness range at photon energies of 122, 511, 662, and 1250 keV. The mass attenuation coefficients and effective atomic number, measured experimentally, were found to be in close agreement with values computed using WinXCom software, within a ± 4% error. From the transmitted photon spectra, the radiation protection efficiency (RPE) was determined and analysed for different alloy compositions. A correlation between RPE and effective atomic number was established at different photon energies. The Bi50Sn50 binary alloy composition is reported to exhibit maximum shielding efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Rani
- Department of Physics, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib-140407, India
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Rani N, Singh B, Hazari P, Singh P, Kumar N, Kumar SG, Mishra A. [99MTC]-MDM SPECT as a prognostic marker for pre-operative and post-operative serial evaluation of glioma compared with DSCE-MRI and 1H-MRS. J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Larcombe SD, Kolte SW, Ponnudurai G, Kurkure N, Magar S, Velusamy R, Rani N, Rubinibala B, Rekha B, Alagesan A, Weir W, Shiels BR. The impact of tick-borne pathogen infection in Indian bovines is determined by host type but not the genotype of Theileria annulata. Infect Genet Evol 2019; 75:103972. [PMID: 31344487 PMCID: PMC6853275 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.103972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Tick-borne pathogens (TBP) are a major source of production loss and a welfare concern in livestock across the globe. Consequently, there is a trade-off between keeping animals that are tolerant to TBP infection, but are less productive than more susceptible breeds. Theileria annulata is a major TBP of bovines, with different host types (i.e. exotic and native cattle breeds, and buffalo) displaying demonstrable differences in clinical susceptibility to infection. However, the extent to which these differences are driven by genetic/physiological differences between hosts, or by different parasite populations/genotypes preferentially establishing infection in different host breeds and species is unclear. In this study, three different bovine host types in India were blood sampled to test for the presence of various TBP, including Theileria annulata, to determine whether native cattle (Bos indicus breeds), crossbreed cattle (Bos taurus x Bos indicus breeds) or water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) differ in the physiological consequences of infection. Population genetic analyses of T. annulata isolated from the three different host types was also performed, using a panel of mini- and micro-satellite markers, to test for sub-structuring of the parasite population among host types. We discovered that compared to other host types, “carrier” crossbreed cattle showed a higher level of haematological pathology when infected with T. annulata. Despite this finding, we found no evidence for differences in the genotypes of T. annulata infecting different host types, although buffalo appeared to harbour fewer mixed parasite genotype infections, indicating they are not the major reservoir of parasite diversity. The apparent tolerance/resistance of native breed cattle and buffalo to the impacts of T. annulata infection is thus most likely to be driven by host genotype, rather than differences in the parasite population. Our results suggest that an improved understanding of the genetic factors that underpin disease resistance could help to ameliorate future economic loss due to TBP or tropical theileriosis. Theileria annulata infection has different consequences in crossbreed cattle, native cattle and water buffalo in India Crossbreed Bos taurus x Bos indicus cattle showed reductions in haematological parameters when infected with T. annulata We found no evidence for infection-mediated physiological change in native cattle breeds or water buffalo We found no sub-structuring of the T. annulata population between different host types using microsatellite analysis Buffalo were not a major reservoir of genetically diverse T. annulata infecting cattle, contrasting the epidemiology of T. parva
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Larcombe
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, UK.
| | - S W Kolte
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Nagpur Veterinary College, Maharashtra Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Nagpur, India
| | - G Ponnudurai
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, India
| | - N Kurkure
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Nagpur Veterinary College, Maharashtra Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Nagpur, India
| | - S Magar
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Nagpur Veterinary College, Maharashtra Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Nagpur, India
| | - R Velusamy
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Nagpur Veterinary College, Maharashtra Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Nagpur, India
| | - N Rani
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Nagpur Veterinary College, Maharashtra Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Nagpur, India
| | - B Rubinibala
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal, India
| | - B Rekha
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal, India
| | - A Alagesan
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal, India
| | - W Weir
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Scotland G61 1QH, UK
| | - B R Shiels
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, UK
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Limbachiya D, Gandhi P, Shah S, Rani N. Approach to Pouch of Douglas in Deep Endometriosis. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2018.09.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Limbachiya D, Kenkre M, Gandhi P, Shah S, Kumari R, Rani N. Laparoscopic Selective Resection of Isolated Pre-Caval and Pre-Aortic Nodal Recurrence in Endometrial Carcinoma. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2018.09.702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Dheeraj K, Dhingra R, Sharma M, Nag T, Singh S, Rani N. Expression of cytokeratin 19 in gastroneuroendocrine tumors. J ANAT SOC INDIA 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jasi.2018.06.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Krishna H, Banerjee A, Singh S, Rani N. Unusual branching pattern of left gastric artery: a clinical interpretation. J ANAT SOC INDIA 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jasi.2018.06.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
Introduction Breast cancer is leading cancer in women, and the incidence of breast cancer in India is on the rise. The most common histologic type of breast cancer is infiltrating ductal carcinoma. Prognostic and predictive factors are used in the management of breast cancer. Estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2/neu) are immunohistochemical markers of prognosis as well as predictors of response to therapy. Aims and Objectives The study was conducted to evaluate ER, PR, and HER2/neu expressions in invasive ductal carcinomas of the breast by immunohistochemistry, to explore the correlation of these markers to each other and to various clinicopathological parameters: age of the patient, histological grade, tumor size, and lymph node metastasis. Materials and Methods This prospective study was conducted on 100 cases of infiltrating ductal carcinoma. Slides were prepared from blocks containing cancer tissue, and immunohistochemical staining was done for ER, PR, and HER2/neu expressions. Interpretation of expressions was done using Allred scoring system for ER/PR and the American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists guidelines for HER2/neu. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the statistical significance by applying Chi-square test. Results Majority of tumors were ER and PR positive and HER2/neu negative. ER and PR correlated significantly with age, tumor size, and tumor grade; whereas, HER2/neu correlated significantly with tumor size only. No association was seen with axillary lymph node metastasis. ER and PR expression correlated with each other, but none correlated with HER2/neu. Conclusions As the majority of the tumors are ER, PR positive and since ER and PR correlate with each other as well as with age, tumor size, and grade. Therefore, routine assessment of hormone receptors is recommended for prognostic and therapeutic information in breast cancer cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prem Chand
- Departments of General Surgery and Pathology, Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Anubha Garg
- Departments of General Surgery and Pathology, Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Vandana Singla
- Departments of General Surgery and Pathology, Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Nisha Rani
- Departments of General Surgery and Pathology, Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab, India
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Kumar M, Khurana D, Ahuja C, Khandelwal N, Singh B, Mohanty M, Rani N. Stroke recurrence risk modelling in symptomatic carotid stenosis patients: Preliminary study. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.2465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Subhash B, Shariff A, Singh S, Nag T, Quadri J, Rani N, Saba S, Dheeraj K, Aditi D. Morphology of the myenteric plexus at different gut segments of human foetuses. J ANAT SOC INDIA 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jasi.2017.08.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Jain P, Raza K, Singh S, Kumari C, Kaler S, Rani N. Lumbar sympathetic chain: anatomical variation and clinical perspectives. Clin Ter 2017; 167:185-187. [PMID: 28051823 DOI: 10.7417/ct.2016.1970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems constitute the autonomic nervous system which controls the entropy of the body and maintain the equilibrium. The sympathetic chain forms a definitive anatomic entity which is quite variable with respect to its position and the number of ganglia. The sympathetic nervous system causes vasoconstriction and thus forms the basis of Lumbar sympathetic surgeries being performed in patients with peripheral vascular diseases. The anatomic variations in this region hence gains immense importance for the operating surgeons and consulting radiologists. In the present study, the rami communicantes of either side of lumbar sympathetic chain crossed the common iliac arteries from lateral to medial side and united in front of first piece of sacrum. These rami communicantes encircled the right gonadal artery and could be a threat to the gonadal vascularity causing infertility. This was an unusual feature of the lumbar sympathetic chain and its rami communicantes that were noted in this particular case.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Jain
- Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Government Doon Medical College, Dehradun
| | - K Raza
- Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Shridev Suman Subharti Medical College, Dehradun
| | - S Singh
- Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy,AIIMS, New Delhi
| | - C Kumari
- Senior Resident, Department of Anatomy,AIIMS, New Delhi
| | - S Kaler
- Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy,AIIMS, New Delhi
| | - N Rani
- Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy,AIIMS, New Delhi
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Cueva C, Roberts RE, Spencer TJ, Rani N, Tempest M, Tobler PN, Herbert J, Rustichini A. Testosterone administration does not affect men's rejections of low ultimatum game offers or aggressive mood. Horm Behav 2017; 87:1-7. [PMID: 27712924 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2016.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Correlative evidence suggests that testosterone promotes dominance and aggression. However, causal evidence is scarce and offers mixed results. To investigate this relationship, we administered testosterone for 48h to 41 healthy young adult men in a within-subjects, double-blind placebo-controlled balanced crossover design. Subjects played the role of responders in an ultimatum game, where rejecting a low offer is costly, but serves to destroy the proposer's profit. Such action can hence be interpreted as non-physical aggression in response to social provocation. In addition, subjects completed a self-assessed mood questionnaire. As expected, self-reported aggressiveness was a key predictor of ultimatum game rejections. However, while testosterone affected subjective ratings of feeling energetic and interested, our evidence strongly suggests that testosterone had no effect on ultimatum game rejections or on aggressive mood. Our findings illustrate the importance of using causal interventions to assess correlative evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Cueva
- Departamento de Fundamentos del Análisis Económico, Universidad de Alicante, Spain.
| | - R Edward Roberts
- Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Tom J Spencer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK; Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Elizabeth House, Fulbourn Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nisha Rani
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Elizabeth House, Fulbourn Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Philippe N Tobler
- Laboratory for Social and Neural Systems Research, Department of Economics, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Joe Herbert
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Aldo Rustichini
- Department of Economics, University of Minnesota, USA; Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, UK.
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Abstract
During a routine dissection of an adult embalmed male cadaver for educational purpose in the department of anatomy at AIIMS, New Delhi, India, a rare unilateral variation of extensor digitorum longus (EDL) was found which is a muscle of anterior compartment of the leg. There was a split tendon of EDL muscle in the anterior compartment of left leg which became a common tendon in front of the ankle joint. This common tendon of EDL muscle again divided into four slips and were inserted in to the lateral four toes. In the upper part of the leg, the anterior tibial vessel and deep fibular nerve lie between the EDL and tibialis anterior. Knowledge of this type of anomaly is useful in diagnosis and treatment of compartmental syndrome. One of the tendon from the split tendon of EDL muscle can be used as a graft in tendon replacement surgeries. The split tendon may also be capable for some precise movements of the toes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Banerje
- Junior Resident, Department of Anatomy, A.I.I.M.S. New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - S Singh
- Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, A.I.I.M.S. New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - K Raza
- Senior Demonstrator, Department of Anatomy, A.I.I.M.S. New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - N Rani
- Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, A.I.I.M.S. New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - S Kaler
- Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, A.I.I.M.S. New Delhi, Delhi, India
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Dallari D, Rani N, Sabbioni G, Mazzotta A, Cenacchi A, Savarino L. Radiological assessment of the PRF/BMSC efficacy in the treatment of aseptic nonunions: A retrospective study on 90 subjects. Injury 2016; 47:2544-2550. [PMID: 27659848 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2016.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonunion is a major orthopaedic concern because of treatment difficulty, high costs and devastating effects on the patients' life quality. Therefore, there is interest in the use of bone substitutes and cell-based strategies to augment fracture repair. We aimed to verify if Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) added with bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) was able to improve the reparative process in the aseptic nonunion, and to establish whether it was worthwhile with atrophic nonunion. The primary outcome was radiological union. As secondary endpoint, the healing time was assessed, and the radiological consolidation grade at each follow-up. METHODS We identified 113 subjects with tibia or femur nonunion and retrospectively created two groups. Group A was constituted by 56 subjects who underwent the standard procedure, i.e. Judet decortication with/out internal fixation devices, and opposite cortical homoplastic stick. In 57 patients, the standard procedure was modified by adding PRF and BMSC carried by homologous lyophilised bone chips (group B). The same surgeon performed all the operations. To our knowledge, no data are reported in the literature about such application. Since a "gold standard" for healing quantification does not exist, a new scoring radiological system was applied, at 1.5, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after treatment. RESULTS At the final 24-month follow-up, the radiological union percentage was 94,12 in group B and 95,12% in group A. A decreased healing time was demonstrated in the presence of PRF/BMSC in comparison with the standard procedure. When we compared the radiological scores at each follow-up, we found that the PRF/BMSC combination significantly improved the consolidation grade at 1.5-, 3- and 6-month follow-up in femurs and at 1.5-month follow-up in tibiae. Furthermore, an improved consolidation grade was demonstrated in the atrophic subjects treated with adjuvants compared to atrophic patients treated with the standard procedure at 1.5-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS This study supports the concept that the use of PRF/BMSC, during the standard procedure, is effective in shortening nonunion healing time. It could allow an early mobilization of patients, minimizing suffering, and could be an effective tool to reduce the health-care costs resulting from this issue. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic level III.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Dallari
- Conservative Surgery Orthopaedic and Innovative Techniques Unit, Department of Complex Orthopaedic-Trauma Pathology, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - N Rani
- Conservative Surgery Orthopaedic and Innovative Techniques Unit, Department of Complex Orthopaedic-Trauma Pathology, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - G Sabbioni
- Conservative Surgery Orthopaedic and Innovative Techniques Unit, Department of Complex Orthopaedic-Trauma Pathology, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy.
| | - A Mazzotta
- Conservative Surgery Orthopaedic and Innovative Techniques Unit, Department of Complex Orthopaedic-Trauma Pathology, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Cenacchi
- Service of Immunohematology and Transfusional medicine, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - L Savarino
- Orthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Department of Complex Orthopaedic-Trauma Pathology Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
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Kiran B, Rani N, Kaushik A. FTIR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopic analysis of pretreated biosorbent to observe the effect on Cr (VI) remediation. Int J Phytoremediation 2016; 18:1067-1074. [PMID: 27185214 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2016.1183577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Various chemical and physical treatments have been applied to indigenously isolated cyanobacterial strain, Lyngbya putealis HH-15, to observe the effect on chromium removal capacity. Pretreatment with hydrochloric acid (99.1%) and nitric acid (98.5%) resulted in enhanced chromium removal as compared to untreated control biosorbent (98.1%). Pretreatment with acetic acid (97.9%), methanol (97.0%), calcium chloride (96.0%), hot water (95.2%), and sodium hydroxide (93.9%) did not improve the chromium removal capacity of biosorbent. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis identified changes in biomass functionality and availability after physical and chemical modification-the results of which were in agreement with metal removal studies. In conclusion, this acid-treated biosorbent represents a suitable candidate to replace conventional removal technologies for metal-bearing wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bala Kiran
- a Department of Environmental Science and Engineering , Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology , Hisar , India
- b Department of Mechanical Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology, Indore , Simrol , India
- c Centre for Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore , Simrol , India
| | - Nisha Rani
- a Department of Environmental Science and Engineering , Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology , Hisar , India
- d Department of Bioscience , Himachal Pradesh University , Shimla , India
| | - Anubha Kaushik
- a Department of Environmental Science and Engineering , Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology , Hisar , India
- e University School of Environment Management, Guru Govind Singh Indraprastha Universiy , Dwarika , India
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Abstract
Retrorectal cystic hamartoma, also known as tailgut cyst, is a rare congenital developmental lesion arising from postnatal primitive gut remnants in the retrorectal space. The rarity of the lesion and its anatomical position usually leads to difficulty in diagnosis and surgical management. This cyst predominantly occurs in women (female to male ratio, 3:1). Tailgut cysts can present as incidental findings during the routine examination but over half of the patients are thought to present with symptoms. Computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging has a crucial role in diagnosing these misdiagnosed cysts. Complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice for tailgut cysts as this provides a definitive diagnosis, relieves symptoms, and prevents possible complications such as infection, fistula formation, and malignant degeneration. We present a case of a 40-year-old female, who presented to us with lower back swelling (7 cm × 5 cm) for last 2 years, which had become more prominent to her while sitting. The patient was investigated. Ultrasonography demonstrated ill-defined large cystic lesion (8 cm × 7 cm), posterior to the uterus. Fine needle aspiration cytology suggested sebaceous cyst. A lumbosacral contrast-enhanced computed tomography demonstrated well-defined fluid density mass/collection with enhancing walls in the retrorectal, presacral, precoccygeal area, and suggested tailgut duplication cyst/retrorectal cystic hamartoma. Surgical complete excision of the cystic mass was done with both anterior (transabdominal) and posterior approach. Histopathology confirmed a tailgut cyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prem Chand
- Department of General Surgery, Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Simmi Bhatnagar
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of General Surgery, Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Nisha Rani
- Department of General Surgery, Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab, India
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Velusamy R, Rani N, Ponnudurai G, Anbarasi P. Prevalence of intestinal and haemoprotozoan parasites of small ruminants in Tamil Nadu, India. Vet World 2015; 8:1205-9. [PMID: 27047018 PMCID: PMC4774656 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2015.1205-1209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of the present study is to assess the prevalence of intestinal and haemoprotozoan parasites of small ruminants (Sheep and Goats) in North Western part of Tamil Nadu, India. Materials and Methods: A total of 630 faecal samples (251-sheep, 379-goats) and 554 blood smears (242-sheep, 312-goats) were examined, for the presence of eggs of intestinal and haemoprotozoan parasites, respectively. The samples were received from the Veterinary college hospital and Veterinary dispensaries in North Western part of Tamil Nadu. Faecal samples were processed by sedimentation technique and examined under low power objective (×10), and blood smears were stained using Giemsa’s technique and examined under oil immersion (×100). Result: The analysis of data on the prevalence of intestinal and haemoprotozoan parasites of sheep and goats in North Western part of Tamil Nadu for the period from 2004 to 2013, showed an overall prevalence of intestinal parasites was found to be 67% and 35% in sheep and goats, respectively, whereas only 11% of sheep and 3% of goats had the haemoprotozoan parasitic infection. Highly, significant difference (p<0.01) in the prevalence of intestinal (χ2=65), and hemoprotozoan (χ2=15.4) parasitism was observed between sheep and goats. Intestinal parasites such as strongyles, Trichuris, Moniezia, amphistome, and coccidia were identified in which the highest prevalence was observed with coccidia, followed by strongyles, Monezia, Trichuris, and least with amphistome in both the sheep and goats. The haemoprotozoan parasites recorded were Theileria and Anaplasma species, of which, Anaplasma spp. being the highest and Theileria spp. the least prevalent in both the sheep and goats. The seasonal prevalence of intestinal parasites showed highest in rainy season, followed by moderate in winter and least with summer in both the sheep and goats, whereas the haemoprotozoan parasites recorded were the highest in summer followed by winter and least with rainy season. Conclusion: The present study suggests that North Western part of Tamil Nadu is highly endemic for intestinal parasites such as coccidia and strongyles and haemoprotozoans such as Anaplasma and Theileria species in small ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Velusamy
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Namakkal - 637 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Rani
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Namakkal - 637 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - G Ponnudurai
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Namakkal - 637 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Anbarasi
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Namakkal - 637 002, Tamil Nadu, India
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Cueva C, Roberts RE, Spencer T, Rani N, Tempest M, Tobler PN, Herbert J, Rustichini A. Cortisol and testosterone increase financial risk taking and may destabilize markets. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11206. [PMID: 26135946 PMCID: PMC4489095 DOI: 10.1038/srep11206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely known that financial markets can become dangerously unstable, yet it is unclear why. Recent research has highlighted the possibility that endogenous hormones, in particular testosterone and cortisol, may critically influence traders’ financial decision making. Here we show that cortisol, a hormone that modulates the response to physical or psychological stress, predicts instability in financial markets. Specifically, we recorded salivary levels of cortisol and testosterone in people participating in an experimental asset market (N = 142) and found that individual and aggregate levels of endogenous cortisol predict subsequent risk-taking and price instability. We then administered either cortisol (single oral dose of 100 mg hydrocortisone, N = 34) or testosterone (three doses of 10 g transdermal 1% testosterone gel over 48 hours, N = 41) to young males before they played an asset trading game. We found that both cortisol and testosterone shifted investment towards riskier assets. Cortisol appears to affect risk preferences directly, whereas testosterone operates by inducing increased optimism about future price changes. Our results suggest that changes in both cortisol and testosterone could play a destabilizing role in financial markets through increased risk taking behaviour, acting via different behavioural pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Cueva
- Departamento de Fundamentos del Análisis Económico, Universidad de Alicante, Spain
| | - R Edward Roberts
- Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Tom Spencer
- 1] Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK [2] Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Elizabeth House, Fulbourn Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nisha Rani
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Elizabeth House, Fulbourn Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Philippe N Tobler
- Laboratory for Social and Neural Systems Research, Department of Economics, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Joe Herbert
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Aldo Rustichini
- 1] Department of Economics, University of Minnesota, USA [2] Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, UK
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Ponnudurai G, Velusamy R, Rani N. Biology and pathology of caecal nematode Subulura brumpti in Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Trop Biomed 2015; 32:126-128. [PMID: 25801262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of caecal nematode, Subulura brumpti has become more common in quails being maintained in commercial farms in Tamil Nadu, India. Two trials were carried out to study the biology and pathology of S. brumpti in quails. In the first trial, eight grower quails were divided into two groups (T1 and T2) comprising of four birds each. The birds belonged to the group T1 was infected with 20 cysts collected from beetle and birds of T2 group were kept as control. The beetle was identified as Tenebrionid species. Prevalence of S. brumpti in beetle was 89 per cent and intensity ranged from 1-27 cysts. The eggs of S. brumpti were observed in droppings on 30 - 32 DPI. In the second trial, 16 birds were divided to four groups viz., T1, T2, T3 and T4. The birds of T1, T2, and T3 were infected by gelatin capsule method. All the birds were sacrificed on 30 DPI. The caeca from infected group did not show any gross and histopathological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ponnudurai
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Velusamy
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Rani
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India
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Modi S, Rana P, Kaur P, Rani N, Khushu S. Glutamate level in anterior cingulate predicts anxiety in healthy humans: a magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. Psychiatry Res 2014; 224:34-41. [PMID: 25156662 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2014.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Revised: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Anxiety, a personality dimension in healthy humans, has been found to be associated with many functional consequences such as increased distractibility and attentional bias in favour of threat-related information, along with morphological and microstructural changes in the brain. The associated metabolic/neurochemical alterations are sparsely studied. In the present magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) study, we investigated the possible relationship between regional brain chemistry within anterior cingulate cortex (4-cm(3) voxel) and hippocampus (2.5-cm(3) voxel) and anxiety (measured by State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) in our subject group. In the anterior cingulate cortex, multivariate analysis of covariance showed an increase in myo-inositol and combined glutamate and glutamine levels in the high anxiety subject group as compared with the low anxiety group. In the partial correlation analysis between neurochemicals and anxiety, glutamate and combined glutamate and glutamine also showed a predictive value for anxiety. On analysing the trait anxiety sub-score separately, we found glutamate, inositol and combined glutamate and glutamine levels to be increased in the high trait anxiety group as compared with the low trait anxiety group. All three resonances also had a predictive value for trait anxiety. In the hippocampus, none of the neurochemicals showed significant difference between high and low anxiety groups. The study provides a first account of alterations in anterior cingulate cortex neurochemistry in relation to anxiety in healthy subjects. The study thus contributes to the limited literature available on altered metabolism and neural mechanisms underlying sub-clinical anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpi Modi
- NMR Research Centre, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Poonam Rana
- NMR Research Centre, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Prabhjot Kaur
- NMR Research Centre, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Nisha Rani
- NMR Research Centre, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Subash Khushu
- NMR Research Centre, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India.
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Velusamy R, Rani N, Ponnudurai G, Harikrishnan TJ, Anna T, Arunachalam K, Senthilvel K, Anbarasi P. Influence of season, age and breed on prevalence of haemoprotozoan diseases in cattle of Tamil Nadu, India. Vet World 2014. [DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2014.574-578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Bharti S, Rani N, Arya D. P139Switching off Hsp70 abrogates crocin mediated cardioprotective effect in experimental model of acute myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu082.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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41
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Rani N, Bharti S, Arya DS. P442Chrysin alleviates isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in diabetic rats through modulation of PPAR-gamma. Cardiovasc Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu091.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Bianchi G, Charoenlap C, Cocchi S, Rani N, Campagnoni S, Righi A, Frisoni T, Donati DM. Clear cell sarcoma of soft tissue: a retrospective review and analysis of 31 cases treated at Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli. Eur J Surg Oncol 2014; 40:505-510. [PMID: 24560887 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2014.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2013] [Revised: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Clear cell sarcoma (CCS) of soft tissue is a rare melanocytic soft tissue sarcoma with different cytogenetic and natural history than that of melanoma. Objective of this study was to determine outcome predictors in patients treated in our Institute. This objective included the effectiveness of surgical intervention and disease progression after surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-one patients were diagnosed at our institute with clear cell sarcoma through tissue pathology and immunohistochemistry. Patients received multimodality treatment (surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy). Five-year survival rates and prognostic predictors were determined. RESULTS Sixteen patients were males and 15 females with a median age of 37 years (8-72-years). Twenty-eight tumors were located in extremities and 3 in the trunk area. Eight patients had metastases at their first presentation (6 local lymph nodes and 2 pulmonary metastases). Five and ten-year disease-specific survival rates were 56% and 41%. Two-year disease-specific survival rates for lymph node and pulmonary metastasis groups were 40% and 0%. All metastatic patients died within 5 years follow-up. Five and ten-year disease-specific survival rates for localized tumor cases were 72% and 53%. Male gender, less than 30-years of age, trunk tumor location and size greater than 5 cm were poor prognostic factors according to univariate analysis. Tumor location in the trunk was the only negative prognostic determinant in multivariate model. CONCLUSIONS Although surgical treatment may be beneficial for tumors without systemic involvement, new chemotherapeutic agents and molecular targeted therapy should be implemented to improve the oncologic outcome in both early and late stage disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bianchi
- III Clinica Ortopedica, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Pupilli 1, Bologna, Italy.
| | - C Charoenlap
- III Clinica Ortopedica, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Pupilli 1, Bologna, Italy.
| | - S Cocchi
- Department of Pathology, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Pupilli 1, Bologna, Italy.
| | - N Rani
- III Clinica Ortopedica, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Pupilli 1, Bologna, Italy.
| | - S Campagnoni
- III Clinica Ortopedica, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Pupilli 1, Bologna, Italy.
| | - A Righi
- Department of Pathology, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Pupilli 1, Bologna, Italy.
| | - T Frisoni
- III Clinica Ortopedica, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Pupilli 1, Bologna, Italy.
| | - D M Donati
- III Clinica Ortopedica, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Pupilli 1, Bologna, Italy.
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Porchet RI, Boekhoudt L, Studer B, Gandamaneni PK, Rani N, Binnamangala S, Müller U, Clark L. Opioidergic and dopaminergic manipulation of gambling tendencies: a preliminary study in male recreational gamblers. Front Behav Neurosci 2013; 7:138. [PMID: 24109443 PMCID: PMC3791382 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2013.00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Gambling is characterized by cognitive distortions in the processing of chance and skill that are exacerbated in pathological gambling. Opioid and dopamine dysregulation is implicated in pathological gambling, but it is unclear whether these neurotransmitters modulate gambling distortions. The objective of the current study was to assess the effects of the opioid receptor antagonist naltrexone and the dopamine D2 receptor antagonist haloperidol on gambling behavior. Male recreational gamblers (n = 62) were assigned to receive single oral doses of naltrexone 50 mg, haloperidol 2 mg or placebo, in a parallel-groups design. At 2.5 h post-dosing, participants completed a slot machine task to elicit monetary wins, "near-misses," and a manipulation of personal choice, and a roulette game to elicit two biases in sequential processing, the gambler's fallacy and the hot hand belief. Psychophysiological responses (electrodermal activity and heart rate) were taken during the slot machine task, and plasma prolactin increase was assessed. The tasks successfully induced the gambling effects of interest. Some of these effects differed across treatment groups, although the direction of effect was not in line with our predictions. Differences were driven by the naltrexone group, which displayed a greater physiological response to wins, and marginally higher confidence ratings on winning streaks. Prolactin levels increased in the naltrexone group, but did not differ between haloperidol and placebo, implying that naltrexone but not haloperidol may have been functionally active at these doses. Our results support opioid modulation of cognition during gambling-like tasks, but did not support the more specific hypothesis that naltrexone may act to ameliorate cognitive distortions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roseline I. Porchet
- Department of Psychology, University of CambridgeCambridge, UK,Department of Psychology, Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of CambridgeCambridge, UK
| | - Linde Boekhoudt
- Department of Psychology, University of CambridgeCambridge, UK
| | - Bettina Studer
- Department of Psychology, University of CambridgeCambridge, UK,Department of Psychology, Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of CambridgeCambridge, UK,Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College LondonLondon, UK
| | - Praveen K. Gandamaneni
- Department of Psychiatry, University of CambridgeCambridge, UK,Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation TrustCambridge, UK
| | - Nisha Rani
- Department of Psychiatry, University of CambridgeCambridge, UK,Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation TrustCambridge, UK
| | - Somashekar Binnamangala
- Department of Psychiatry, University of CambridgeCambridge, UK,Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation TrustCambridge, UK
| | - Ulrich Müller
- Department of Psychology, Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of CambridgeCambridge, UK,Department of Psychiatry, University of CambridgeCambridge, UK
| | - Luke Clark
- Department of Psychology, University of CambridgeCambridge, UK,Department of Psychology, Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of CambridgeCambridge, UK,*Correspondence: Luke Clark, Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EB, Cambridge, UK e-mail:
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Abstract
Keratoacanthoma centrifugam marginatum (KCM) is a rare variant of keratoacanthoma characterized by a progressive peripheral growth with concomitant central healing. We report a case of a 50-year-old female who presented with multiple, veracious non-tender papules coalescing to form multiple plaques of varied diameter perioral, which was gradually progressive. On the basis of history, clinical presentation and histopathology, diagnosis of KCM was confirmed. We report this case because of atypical presentation and clinical rarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Rani
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
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Pignatti G, Rani N, Carubbi C. Chronic expanding hematoma might be a potential insidious challenge for orthopedic surgeon. Musculoskelet Surg 2012; 96:137-140. [PMID: 21701856 DOI: 10.1007/s12306-011-0153-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2011] [Accepted: 06/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Chronic expanding hematomas can cause alarm both to the physician and to the patient because they simulate the growth of a malignant tumor. It is not always possible to bring back the cause to a specific traumatic event that the patient can remember. At this purpose, it is important to have a precise diagnosis when dealing with a growing mass and to exclude any malignancy before processing any treatment. In this article, we report the case of a young patient admitted to our department with a suspected soft tissue sarcoma, but imaging study and histological examination revealed to be hematoma. The authors want to emphasize the necessity of performing a complete clinical and instrumental study when surgeon has to deal with a growing mass. From accurate analysis of imaging, it is often possible to discriminate between malignancy and other benign forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Pignatti
- I° Orthopaedic Department, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Via Pupilli, 1, 40100, Bologna, Italy
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Sabbioni G, Rani N, Del Piccolo N, Ben Ayad R, Carubbi C, Tigani D. Gap balancing versus measured resection technique using a mobile-bearing prosthesis in computer-assisted surgery. Musculoskelet Surg 2011; 95:25-30. [PMID: 21373908 DOI: 10.1007/s12306-011-0110-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2011] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Navigation has been developed to help surgeons install implants more accurately and reproducibly; at the same time, this tool is able to record quantitative information such as joint range of motion, laxity and kinematics intra-operatively. As for standard surgery, two strategies are possible to achieve either femoral component rotation or overall prosthetic alignment: a measured gap resection approach, in which bone landmarks are used to guide resections equal to the distal and posterior thickness of the femoral component, or a gap-balancing technique, in which equal collateral ligament tension in flexion and extension is tried to find before as a guide to final bone cuts. The purpose of this paper is to compare the two different methods in a 67 patients group submitted to the same procedure using mobile-bearing (MB) prosthesis in order to analyse the effect of both techniques on joint line maintenance, axial limb restoration and components position. The gap group (GG) consists of 31 patients in whom the arthroplasty was performed using a navigated gap-balancing technique. The measured group (MG) consists of 36 patients in whom a computer-assisted measured resection technique was used. The results of imaging and the number of outliers were not statistically different (P = 0.56) for the mechanical axis and prosthetic positioning between the two groups. The gap technique showed a statistically significant alteration of the post-operative value when compared with the measured resection technique, (P = 0.036). The mean elevation of the joint line was 4.09 mm for the GG and 3.50 mm in the MG.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sabbioni
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Bologna, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Via Pupilli 1, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
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Tigani D, Sabbioni G, Ben Ayad R, Filanti M, Rani N, Del Piccolo N. Comparison between two computer-assisted total knee arthroplasty: gap-balancing versus measured resection technique. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2010; 18:1304-10. [PMID: 20390251 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-010-1124-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2009] [Accepted: 03/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Two surgical strategies are possible in total knee arthroplasty (TKA): a measured resection technique, in which bone landmarks are used to guide resections equal to the distal and posterior thickness of the femoral component, or a gap-balancing approach, in which equal collateral ligament tension in flexion and extension is sought before and as a guide to final bone cuts. In this study performed with computer assisted system, we compared the 2 different methods in 126 patients followed prospectively in order to analyze the effect of both the techniques on joint-line (JL) maintenance, axial limb restoration and components position. The gap technique showed a statistical increase in the post-operative value when compared with the measured resection technique, (P = 0.008). When comparing the two groups regarding to the pre-operative deformity, we have found a statistical difference (P = 0.001) in case of moderate pre-operative deformity (less than 10 degrees), and the measured resection technique showed a slight superiority in preserving a joint line more faithful to the pre-operative. We found an ideal alignment for the mechanical axis (180 degrees ± 3 degrees) (95% of cases). In six cases (5%), the mean post-operative value exceeded (varus or valgus) the ideal value by more than 3 degrees. In the frontal plane, a good alignment was observed for both femoral and tibial components without a significant difference between the two techniques. In the sagittal plane was found more alignment variability due to the different implants used and their ideal starting slope, from 7 degrees to 3 degrees. Finally, the surgeon can use the approach with which he has more confidence; however, as the measured resection technique causes less reduction in the post-operative joint-line position, in case of shortening of patellar tendon or patella infera, this technique is preferable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Tigani
- VII Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, University of Bologna, Via Pupilli 1, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
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Arora M, Kaushik A, Rani N, Kaushik CP. Effect of cyanobacterial exopolysaccharides on salt stress alleviation and seed germination. J Environ Biol 2010; 31:701-704. [PMID: 21387925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Effectof exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by a consortium of cyanobacteria on germination of three crops wheat, maize and rice was studied at different salt concentrations. Production of EPS was found to be stimulated by salts, which in turn had a significant Na+ removal capability from aqueous solution. Seed germination, vigor index and mobilization efficiency in all the three crops remarkably improved when cyanobacterial EPS was applied. While germination improved significantly by 13 to 30%, mobilization efficiency increased marginally by 1.03 to 1.1 times and vigor index increased by 1.15 to 2.4 times in these crops in response to EPS under non-saline conditions. Salinity had an inhibitory effect on seed germination of all the species showing 18 to 54% reduction. However, in the presence of EPS, the salt induced inhibition diminished to 13 to 18%. Inhibitory effect of salt on chlorophyll concentration, vigor index and mobilization efficiency of the seedlings was much less in these crops in the presence of EPS, indicating the latter's role in salt stress alleviation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monu Arora
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar - 125 001, India
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Kiran B, Rani N, Kaushik A. Chromium (VI) tolerance in two halotolerant strains of Nostoc. J Environ Biol 2008; 29:155-158. [PMID: 18831365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The present study reports on chromium (VI) tolerance of two cyanobacterial strains Nostoc linckia and Nostoc spongiaeforme isolated from salt affected soils using uni-algal and bi-algal systems. Besides distinct halophilism, the two strains exhibited remarkable tolerance to chromium (VI) and revealed 1.2 to 2.8 times more chlorophyll in the presence of the metal. While phycobilins and carotenoids also increased in Nostoc linckia with total dissolved salts (TDS) as well as metal, a decline was observed in Nostoc spongiaeforme in the presence of Cr (VI). Relative algal biomass (as % of control) showed significantly higher values (123-239) in Nostoc linckia in the presence of salt, metal and combination of the two. In Nostoc spongiaeforme it declined in the presence of metal (72-81) but increased in the presence of salts (143-249) and also in the binary systems (121-440). The bi-algal consortium showed relatively less tolerance to salt and metal stress. Nostoc linckia (20 day culture) showed upto 40% chromium removal whereas Nostoc spongiaeforme showed up to 12% removal, indicating greater suitability of the former for use in bioremediation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bala Kiran
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, India
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Abstract
Removal of hexavalent Cr from aqueous solutions by bark of Acacia nilotica L. was studied in batch process. Different parameters of adsorption viz. effect of pH, effect of dose and effect of contact time were studied. The percentage removal of Cr (VI) from synthetic sample was found to be 89.0 and 93.1% for 1.0 mm and 0.3 mm Acacia bark carbon (ABC) respectively and 60.9% and 68.1% for 1.0 mm and 0.3 mm Acacia bark untreated (ABU) respectively, in 30 min contact time. The optimum pH for both adsorbents was found to be 2.0 and adsorption equilibrium was found to be 30 min. for both adsorbents. The adsorption process was found to follow first order rate mechanism as well as Freundlich isotherm.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Rani
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology-Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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