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Vallin M, Tomson G, Kampmann B, Engebretsen E, Swartling Peterson S, Wanyenze RK, Ottersen OP. Life Science 2.0: reframing the life science sector for 'the benefit on mankind'. Glob Health Action 2024; 17:2330758. [PMID: 38577884 PMCID: PMC11000595 DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2024.2330758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic put the life science sector to the test. Vaccines were developed at unprecedented speed, benefiting from decades of fundamental research and now honoured by a Nobel Prize. However, we saw that the fruits of science were inequitably distributed. Most low- and middle-income countries were left behind, deepening the inequalities that the Sustainable Development Goals were set to reduce. We argue that the life science sector must reinvent itself to be better and more equitably prepared for the next health crisis and to ensure fair access to health across current and future generations. Our recommendations include global governance, national strategies and the role of universities and corporations. Improved and more equitable health care should be centre stage for global health action and a core mission of a reframed Life Science sector - what we call Life Science 2.0.Paper ContextMain findings: During the COVID-19 pandemic the Life Science sector stepped up to the challenge, but vaccines and medicines were not equitably distributed.Added knowledge: Obstacles were identified that hindered global access to medical innovations.Global health impact for policy and action: Global and national governance, universities and the private sector should join forces to create a Life Science sector (Life Science 2.0) that affords equitable access to medical advances across geographical and generational boundaries and socio-economic strata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Vallin
- Chemical Biology Consortium Sweden, SciLifeLab, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Tomson
- Department of Learning, Informatics, Management, and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Beate Kampmann
- Charité Centre of Global Health, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Swartling Peterson
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- College of Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Rhoda K. Wanyenze
- College of Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Ole Petter Ottersen
- Charité Centre of Global Health, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Sustainable Health Unit and Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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2
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Wang HL, Siow R, Schmauck-Medina T, Zhang J, Sandset PM, Filshie C, Lund Ø, Partridge L, Bergersen LH, Juel Rasmussen L, Palikaras K, Sotiropoulos I, Storm-Mathisen J, Rubinsztein DC, Spillantini MG, De Zeeuw CI, Watne LO, Vyhnalek M, Veverova K, Liang KX, Tavernarakis N, Bohr VA, Yokote K, Saarela J, Nilsen H, Gonos ES, Scheibye-Knudsen M, Chen G, Kato H, Selbæk G, Fladby T, Nilsson P, Simonsen A, Aarsland D, Lautrup S, Ottersen OP, Cox LS, Fang EF. Meeting Summary of The NYO3 5th NO-Age/AD Meeting and the 1st Norway-UK Joint Meeting on Aging and Dementia: Recent Progress on the Mechanisms and Interventional Strategies. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2024; 79:glae029. [PMID: 38289789 PMCID: PMC10917444 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glae029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Unhealthy aging poses a global challenge with profound healthcare and socioeconomic implications. Slowing down the aging process offers a promising approach to reduce the burden of a number of age-related diseases, such as dementia, and promoting healthy longevity in the old population. In response to the challenge of the aging population and with a view to the future, Norway and the United Kingdom are fostering collaborations, supported by a "Money Follows Cooperation agreement" between the 2 nations. The inaugural Norway-UK joint meeting on aging and dementia gathered leading experts on aging and dementia from the 2 nations to share their latest discoveries in related fields. Since aging is an international challenge, and to foster collaborations, we also invited leading scholars from 11 additional countries to join this event. This report provides a summary of the conference, highlighting recent progress on molecular aging mechanisms, genetic risk factors, DNA damage and repair, mitophagy, autophagy, as well as progress on a series of clinical trials (eg, using NAD+ precursors). The meeting facilitated dialogue among policymakers, administrative leaders, researchers, and clinical experts, aiming to promote international research collaborations and to translate findings into clinical applications and interventions to advance healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-Ling Wang
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Oslo and Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Richard Siow
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Tomas Schmauck-Medina
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Oslo and Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Jianying Zhang
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Oslo and Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Per Morten Sandset
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Linda Partridge
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - Linda Hildegard Bergersen
- Brain and Muscle Energy Group, Institute of Oral Biology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lene Juel Rasmussen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Konstantinos Palikaras
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Sotiropoulos
- Institute of Biosciences and Applications NCSR “Demokritos,”Athens, Greece
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Jon Storm-Mathisen
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - David C Rubinsztein
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Chris I De Zeeuw
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Leiv Otto Watne
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Campus Ahus, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Martin Vyhnalek
- International Clinical Research Centre, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Neurology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Veverova
- Department of Neurology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Nektarios Tavernarakis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion, Greece
- Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Vilhelm A Bohr
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Koutaro Yokote
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology, and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Janna Saarela
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hilde Nilsen
- Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- The Norwegian Centre on Healthy Ageing (NO-Age), Oslo, Norway
| | - Efstathios S Gonos
- National Helenic Research Foundation, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, Athens, Greece
| | - Morten Scheibye-Knudsen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Tracked.bio, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Guobing Chen
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Great Bay Area Geroscience Joint Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine; Institute of Geriatric Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hisaya Kato
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology, and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Geir Selbæk
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian National Centre for Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
| | - Tormod Fladby
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Campus Ahus, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Per Nilsson
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anne Simonsen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Montebello, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag Aarsland
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Sofie Lautrup
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Oslo and Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Ole Petter Ottersen
- Centre for Sustainable Healthcare Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lynne S Cox
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Evandro F Fang
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Oslo and Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- The Norwegian Centre on Healthy Ageing (NO-Age), Oslo, Norway
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Htet AS, Soe ZW, Aye WT, Maung C, Lien L, Ottersen OP, Bjertness E. 3 years after the Myanmar military coup-the people are suffering. Lancet 2024:S0140-6736(24)00584-1. [PMID: 38555925 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(24)00584-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Aung Soe Htet
- Department of Community Medicine and Global Health, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway; Department of Community Medicine, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Zaw Wai Soe
- Ministry for Health and Education, the National Unity Government of Myanmar, Myanmar
| | - Win Thuzar Aye
- Department of Epidemiology, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | | | - Lars Lien
- Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
| | - Ole Petter Ottersen
- Institute of Basic Medical Science and SUSTAINIT, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Espen Bjertness
- Department of Community Medicine and Global Health, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway.
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Bojarskaite L, Nafari S, Ravnanger AK, Frey MM, Skauli N, Åbjørsbråten KS, Roth LC, Amiry-Moghaddam M, Nagelhus EA, Ottersen OP, Bogen IL, Thoren AE, Enger R. Role of aquaporin-4 polarization in extracellular solute clearance. Fluids Barriers CNS 2024; 21:28. [PMID: 38532513 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-024-00527-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Waste from the brain has been shown to be cleared via the perivascular spaces through the so-called glymphatic system. According to this model the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) enters the brain in perivascular spaces of arteries, crosses the astrocyte endfoot layer, flows through the parenchyma collecting waste that is subsequently drained along veins. Glymphatic clearance is dependent on astrocytic aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channels that are highly enriched in the endfeet. Even though the polarized expression of AQP4 in endfeet is thought to be of crucial importance for glymphatic CSF influx, its role in extracellular solute clearance has only been evaluated using non-quantitative fluorescence measurements. Here we have quantitatively evaluated clearance of intrastriatally infused small and large radioactively labeled solutes in mice lacking AQP4 (Aqp4-/-) or lacking the endfoot pool of AQP4 (Snta1-/-). We confirm that Aqp4-/- mice show reduced clearance of both small and large extracellular solutes. Moreover, we find that the Snta1-/- mice have reduced clearance only for the 500 kDa [3H]dextran, but not 0.18 kDa [3H]mannitol suggesting that polarization of AQP4 to the endfeet is primarily important for clearance of large, but not small molecules. Lastly, we observed that clearance of 500 kDa [3H]dextran increased with age in adult mice. Based on our quantitative measurements, we confirm that presence of AQP4 is important for clearance of extracellular solutes, while the perivascular AQP4 localization seems to have a greater impact on clearance of large versus small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bojarskaite
- GliaLab and Letten Centre, Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O.B. 1103, Oslo, 0317, Norway
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, 0027, Norway
| | - Sahar Nafari
- GliaLab and Letten Centre, Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O.B. 1103, Oslo, 0317, Norway
| | - Anne Katrine Ravnanger
- GliaLab and Letten Centre, Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O.B. 1103, Oslo, 0317, Norway
| | - Mina Martine Frey
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, 0317, Norway
| | - Nadia Skauli
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, 0317, Norway
| | - Knut Sindre Åbjørsbråten
- GliaLab and Letten Centre, Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O.B. 1103, Oslo, 0317, Norway
| | - Lena Catherine Roth
- GliaLab and Letten Centre, Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O.B. 1103, Oslo, 0317, Norway
| | - Mahmood Amiry-Moghaddam
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, 0317, Norway
| | - Erlend A Nagelhus
- GliaLab and Letten Centre, Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O.B. 1103, Oslo, 0317, Norway
| | - Ole Petter Ottersen
- GliaLab and Letten Centre, Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O.B. 1103, Oslo, 0317, Norway
| | - Inger Lise Bogen
- GliaLab and Letten Centre, Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O.B. 1103, Oslo, 0317, Norway
- Section for Drug Abuse Research, Department of Forensic Sciences, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box N-4950, Nydalen, Oslo, 0424, Norway
| | - Anna E Thoren
- GliaLab and Letten Centre, Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O.B. 1103, Oslo, 0317, Norway
| | - Rune Enger
- GliaLab and Letten Centre, Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O.B. 1103, Oslo, 0317, Norway.
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5
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Afzali AM, Nirschl L, Sie C, Pfaller M, Ulianov O, Hassler T, Federle C, Petrozziello E, Kalluri SR, Chen HH, Tyystjärvi S, Muschaweckh A, Lammens K, Delbridge C, Büttner A, Steiger K, Seyhan G, Ottersen OP, Öllinger R, Rad R, Jarosch S, Straub A, Mühlbauer A, Grassmann S, Hemmer B, Böttcher JP, Wagner I, Kreutzfeldt M, Merkler D, Pardàs IB, Schmidt Supprian M, Buchholz VR, Heink S, Busch DH, Klein L, Korn T. B cells orchestrate tolerance to the neuromyelitis optica autoantigen AQP4. Nature 2024; 627:407-415. [PMID: 38383779 PMCID: PMC10937377 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07079-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Neuromyelitis optica is a paradigmatic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, in which the water-channel protein AQP4 is the target antigen1. The immunopathology in neuromyelitis optica is largely driven by autoantibodies to AQP42. However, the T cell response that is required for the generation of these anti-AQP4 antibodies is not well understood. Here we show that B cells endogenously express AQP4 in response to activation with anti-CD40 and IL-21 and are able to present their endogenous AQP4 to T cells with an AQP4-specific T cell receptor (TCR). A population of thymic B cells emulates a CD40-stimulated B cell transcriptome, including AQP4 (in mice and humans), and efficiently purges the thymic TCR repertoire of AQP4-reactive clones. Genetic ablation of Aqp4 in B cells rescues AQP4-specific TCRs despite sufficient expression of AQP4 in medullary thymic epithelial cells, and B-cell-conditional AQP4-deficient mice are fully competent to raise AQP4-specific antibodies in productive germinal-centre responses. Thus, the negative selection of AQP4-specific thymocytes is dependent on the expression and presentation of AQP4 by thymic B cells. As AQP4 is expressed in B cells in a CD40-dependent (but not AIRE-dependent) manner, we propose that thymic B cells might tolerize against a group of germinal-centre-associated antigens, including disease-relevant autoantigens such as AQP4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Maisam Afzali
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Munich, Germany
| | - Lucy Nirschl
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Christopher Sie
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Monika Pfaller
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Oleksii Ulianov
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Hassler
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Institute for Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Christine Federle
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Institute for Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Elisabetta Petrozziello
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Institute for Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Sudhakar Reddy Kalluri
- Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Hsin Hsiang Chen
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Sofia Tyystjärvi
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Muschaweckh
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Katja Lammens
- Department of Biochemistry at the Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Claire Delbridge
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Büttner
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Katja Steiger
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Gönül Seyhan
- Institute for Experimental Hematology, TranslaTUM Cancer Center, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Ole Petter Ottersen
- Division of Anatomy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rupert Öllinger
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, TranslaTUM Cancer Center, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Roland Rad
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, TranslaTUM Cancer Center, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Jarosch
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Adrian Straub
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Anton Mühlbauer
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Simon Grassmann
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bernhard Hemmer
- Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan P Böttcher
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Ingrid Wagner
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Clinical Pathology, Geneva Faculty of Medicine, Centre Médical Universitaire, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Mario Kreutzfeldt
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Clinical Pathology, Geneva Faculty of Medicine, Centre Médical Universitaire, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Doron Merkler
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Clinical Pathology, Geneva Faculty of Medicine, Centre Médical Universitaire, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Marc Schmidt Supprian
- Institute for Experimental Hematology, TranslaTUM Cancer Center, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Veit R Buchholz
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Sylvia Heink
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Dirk H Busch
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ludger Klein
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Institute for Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Thomas Korn
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany.
- Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany.
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Munich, Germany.
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6
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Percival V, Thoms OT, Oppenheim B, Rowlands D, Chisadza C, Fewer S, Yamey G, Alexander AC, Allaham CL, Causevic S, Daudelin F, Gloppen S, Guha-Sapir D, Hadaf M, Henderson S, Hoffman SJ, Langer A, Lebbos TJ, Leomil L, Lyytikäinen M, Malhotra A, Mkandawire P, Norris HA, Ottersen OP, Phillips J, Rawet S, Salikova A, Shekh Mohamed I, Zazai G, Halonen T, Kyobutungi C, Bhutta ZA, Friberg P. The Lancet Commission on peaceful societies through health equity and gender equality. Lancet 2023; 402:1661-1722. [PMID: 37689077 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(23)01348-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Percival
- Norman Paterson School of International Affairs, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada; The Wilson Center, Washington DC, USA.
| | - Oskar T Thoms
- Department of Political Science, University of Toronto, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Ben Oppenheim
- Ginkgo Bioworks, Boston, MA, USA; New York University Center on International Cooperation, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dane Rowlands
- Norman Paterson School of International Affairs, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Carolyn Chisadza
- Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Sara Fewer
- Department of Global Public Health, Stockholm, Sweden; Swedish Institute for Global Health Transformation (SIGHT), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gavin Yamey
- Center for Policy Impact in Global Health, Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Amy C Alexander
- Quality of Government Institute, Department of Political Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Chloe L Allaham
- Norman Paterson School of International Affairs, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Sara Causevic
- Department of Global Public Health, Stockholm, Sweden; Swedish Institute for Global Health Transformation (SIGHT), Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - François Daudelin
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Siri Gloppen
- University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; LawTransform, CMI-UiB Centre on Law and Social Transformation, Bergen, Norway
| | - Debarati Guha-Sapir
- Institute of Health and Society, UC Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Johns Hopkins Center for Humanitarian Health, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Maseh Hadaf
- Norman Paterson School of International Affairs, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Samuel Henderson
- Department of Political Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Ana Langer
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Toni Joe Lebbos
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Luiz Leomil
- Department of Political Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Anju Malhotra
- Center for Women's Health and Gender Equality, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Paul Mkandawire
- Human Rights and Social Justice Program, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Holly A Norris
- Norman Paterson School of International Affairs, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ole Petter Ottersen
- Office of the President, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jason Phillips
- Norman Paterson School of International Affairs, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Sigrún Rawet
- Department for Multilateral Development Banks, Sustainability and Climate, Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Idil Shekh Mohamed
- Swedish Institute for Global Health Transformation (SIGHT), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ghazal Zazai
- Norman Paterson School of International Affairs, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Zulfiqar A Bhutta
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan; The Institute for Global Health and Development, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan; SickKids Centre for Global Child Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Peter Friberg
- Swedish Institute for Global Health Transformation (SIGHT), Stockholm, Sweden; School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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7
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Ekström AM, Ottersen OP. Digital twin for pandemic monitoring and prevention: Urgent need for agreements for global data sharing. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2311969120. [PMID: 37748071 PMCID: PMC10556641 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2311969120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Mia Ekström
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm171 77, Sweden
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8
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Stenzinger A, Moltzen EK, Winkler E, Molnar-Gabor F, Malek N, Costescu A, Jensen BN, Nowak F, Pinto C, Ottersen OP, Schirmacher P, Nordborg J, Seufferlein T, Fröhling S, Edsjö A, Garcia-Foncillas J, Normanno N, Lundgren B, Friedman M, Bolanos N, Tatton-Brown K, Hill S, Rosenquist R. Implementation of precision medicine in healthcare-A European perspective. J Intern Med 2023; 294:437-454. [PMID: 37455247 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The technical development of high-throughput sequencing technologies and the parallel development of targeted therapies in the last decade have enabled a transition from traditional medicine to personalized treatment and care. In this way, by using comprehensive genomic testing, more effective treatments with fewer side effects are provided to each patient-that is, precision or personalized medicine (PM). In several European countries-such as in England, France, Denmark, and Spain-the governments have adopted national strategies and taken "top-down" decisions to invest in national infrastructure for PM. In other countries-such as Sweden, Germany, and Italy with regionally organized healthcare systems-the profession has instead taken "bottom-up" initiatives to build competence networks and infrastructure to enable equal access to PM. In this review, we summarize key learnings at the European level on the implementation process to establish sustainable governance and organization for PM at the regional, national, and EU/international levels. We also discuss critical ethical and legal aspects of implementing PM, and the importance of access to real-world data and performing clinical trials for evidence generation, as well as the need for improved reimbursement models, increased cross-disciplinary education and patient involvement. In summary, PM represents a paradigm shift, and modernization of healthcare and all relevant stakeholders-that is, healthcare, academia, policymakers, industry, and patients-must be involved in this system transformation to create a sustainable, non-siloed ecosystem for precision healthcare that benefits our patients and society at large.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albrecht Stenzinger
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Centers for Personalized Medicine (ZPM), Germany
| | - Ejner K Moltzen
- Innovation Fund Denmark, International Consortium for Personalised Medicine (IC PerMed), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Eva Winkler
- Section of Translational Medical Ethics, National Center for Tumour Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Nisar Malek
- Centers for Personalized Medicine (ZPM), Germany
- Department for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Carmine Pinto
- Medical Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Peter Schirmacher
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Centers for Personalized Medicine (ZPM), Germany
| | - Jenni Nordborg
- Lif - The Research-Based Pharmaceutical Industry, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Seufferlein
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Stefan Fröhling
- Division of Translational Medical Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anders Edsjö
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Office for Medical Services, Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden
- Division of Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Genomic Medicine Sweden (GMS), Sweden
| | - Jesus Garcia-Foncillas
- Department of Oncology and Cancer Institute, Fundacion Jimenez Diaz University Hospital, Autonomous University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicola Normanno
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS - Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Mikaela Friedman
- Genomic Medicine Sweden (GMS), Sweden
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Katrina Tatton-Brown
- National Genomics Education, NHS England, London, UK
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Sue Hill
- Office of Chief Scientific Officer and the Genomics Unit, NHS England, London, UK
| | - Richard Rosenquist
- Genomic Medicine Sweden (GMS), Sweden
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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9
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Sagan SA, Moinfar Z, Moseley CE, Dandekar R, Spencer CM, Verkman AS, Ottersen OP, Sobel RA, Sidney J, Sette A, Anderson MS, Steinman L, Wilson MR, Sabatino JJ, Zamvil SS. T cell deletional tolerance restricts AQP4 but not MOG CNS autoimmunity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2306572120. [PMID: 37463205 PMCID: PMC10372680 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2306572120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-specific Th17 cells are thought to have a central role in neuromyelitis optica (NMO) pathogenesis. When modeling NMO, only AQP4-reactive Th17 cells from AQP4-deficient (AQP4-/-), but not wild-type (WT) mice, caused CNS autoimmunity in recipient WT mice, indicating that a tightly regulated mechanism normally ensures tolerance to AQP4. Here, we found that pathogenic AQP4 T cell epitopes bind MHC II with exceptionally high affinity. Examination of T cell receptor (TCR) α/β usage revealed that AQP4-specific T cells from AQP4-/- mice employed a distinct TCR repertoire and exhibited clonal expansion. Selective thymic AQP4 deficiency did not fully restore AQP4-reactive T cells, demonstrating that thymic negative selection alone did not account for AQP4-specific tolerance in WT mice. Indeed, AQP4-specific Th17 cells caused paralysis in recipient WT or B cell-deficient mice, which was followed by complete recovery that was associated with apoptosis of donor T cells. However, donor AQP4-reactive T cells survived and caused persistent paralysis in recipient mice deficient in both T and B cells or mice lacking T cells only. Thus, AQP4 CNS autoimmunity was limited by T cell-dependent deletion of AQP4-reactive T cells. In contrast, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-specific T cells survived and caused sustained disease in WT mice. These findings underscore the importance of peripheral T cell deletional tolerance to AQP4, which may be relevant to understanding the balance of AQP4-reactive T cells in health and in NMO. T cell tolerance to AQP4, expressed in multiple tissues, is distinct from tolerance to MOG, an autoantigen restricted in its expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon A Sagan
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Program in Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Zahra Moinfar
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Program in Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Carson E Moseley
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Program in Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Ravi Dandekar
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Collin M Spencer
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Program in Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Alan S Verkman
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Ole Petter Ottersen
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo NO-0316, Norway
| | - Raymond A Sobel
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto VA Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94305
| | - John Sidney
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Alessandro Sette
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Mark S Anderson
- Program in Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Lawrence Steinman
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Michael R Wilson
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Joseph J Sabatino
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Scott S Zamvil
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Program in Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
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10
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Ottersen OP, Wanyenze R, Miribel B, Nishtar S, Ganten D. The EU must step up its actions and leadership on global health. BMJ 2023; 381:1359. [PMID: 37321618 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.p1359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ole Petter Ottersen
- Karolinska Institutet
- University of Oslo
- One Europe for Global Health
- Virchow Foundation for Global Health
| | | | - Benoit Miribel
- One Europe for Global Health
- One Sustainable Health for All Foundation
| | | | - Detlev Ganten
- One Europe for Global Health
- Virchow Foundation for Global Health
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11
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Engebretsen E, Sharma R, Sandset TJ, Heggen K, Ottersen OP, Clark H, Greenhalgh T. Teaching sustainable health care through the critical medical humanities. Lancet 2023; 401:1912-1914. [PMID: 37187196 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(23)00809-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eivind Engebretsen
- Centre for Sustainable Healthcare Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Ritika Sharma
- Centre for Sustainable Healthcare Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Tony J Sandset
- Centre for Sustainable Healthcare Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristin Heggen
- Centre for Sustainable Healthcare Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole Petter Ottersen
- Centre for Sustainable Healthcare Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helen Clark
- The Helen Clark Foundation, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Trisha Greenhalgh
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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12
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Zahl S, Skauli N, Stahl K, Prydz A, Frey MM, Dissen E, Ottersen OP, Amiry-Moghaddam M. Aquaporin-9 in the Brain Inflammatory Response: Evidence from Mice Injected with the Parkinsonogenic Toxin MPP . Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13040588. [PMID: 37189335 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
More than 20 years have passed since the first demonstration of Aquaporin-9 (AQP9) in the brain. Yet its precise localization and function in brain tissue remain unresolved. In peripheral tissues, AQP9 is expressed in leukocytes where it is involved in systemic inflammation processes. In this study, we hypothesized that AQP9 plays a proinflammatory role in the brain, analogous to its role in the periphery. We also explored whether Aqp9 is expressed in microglial cells, which would be supportive of this hypothesis. Our results show that targeted deletion of Aqp9 significantly suppressed the inflammatory response to the parkinsonian toxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+). This toxin induces a strong inflammatory response in brain. After intrastriatal injections of MPP+, the increase in transcript levels of proinflammatory genes was less pronounced in AQP9-/- mice compared with wild-type controls. Further, in isolated cell subsets, validated by flow cytometry we demonstrated that Aqp9 transcripts are expressed in microglial cells, albeit at lower concentrations than in astrocytes. The present analysis provides novel insight into the role of AQP9 in the brain and opens new avenues for research in the field of neuroinflammation and chronic neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soulmaz Zahl
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1105, Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Nadia Skauli
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1105, Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Katja Stahl
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1105, Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Agnete Prydz
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1105, Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Mina Martine Frey
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1105, Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Erik Dissen
- Immunobiological Laboratory, Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1105, Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole Petter Ottersen
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1105, Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway
- Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mahmood Amiry-Moghaddam
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1105, Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway
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13
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Engebretsen E, Ottersen OP. Vaccine Inequities, Intellectual Property Rights and Pathologies of Power in the Global Response to COVID-19. Int J Health Policy Manag 2022; 11:2773-2775. [PMID: 34124871 PMCID: PMC9818110 DOI: 10.34172/ijhpm.2021.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eivind Engebretsen
- Centre for Sustainable Healthcare Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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14
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Åbjørsbråten KS, Skaaraas GHE, Cunen C, Bjørnstad DM, Binder KM, Bojarskaite L, Jensen V, Nilsson LNG, Rao SB, Tang W, Hermansen GH, Nagelhus EA, Ottersen OP, Torp R, Enger R. Impaired astrocytic Ca 2+ signaling in awake-behaving Alzheimer's disease transgenic mice. eLife 2022; 11:75055. [PMID: 35833623 PMCID: PMC9352348 DOI: 10.7554/elife.75055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased astrocytic Ca2+ signaling has been shown in Alzheimer’s disease mouse models, but to date no reports have characterized behaviorally induced astrocytic Ca2+ signaling in such mice. Here, we employ an event-based algorithm to assess astrocytic Ca2+ signals in the neocortex of awake-behaving tg-ArcSwe mice and non-transgenic wildtype littermates while monitoring pupil responses and behavior. We demonstrate an attenuated astrocytic Ca2+ response to locomotion and an uncoupling of pupil responses and astrocytic Ca2+ signaling in 15-month-old plaque-bearing mice. Using the genetically encoded fluorescent norepinephrine sensor GRABNE, we demonstrate a reduced norepinephrine signaling during spontaneous running and startle responses in the transgenic mice, providing a possible mechanistic underpinning of the observed reduced astrocytic Ca2+ responses. Our data points to a dysfunction in the norepinephrine–astrocyte Ca2+ activity axis, which may account for some of the cognitive deficits observed in Alzheimer’s disease. Neurodegenerative conditions such as Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s disease are characterized by neurons dying and being damaged. Yet neurons are only one type of brain actors; astrocytes, for example, are star-shaped ‘companion’ cells that have recently emerged as being able to fine-tune neuronal communication. In particular, they can respond to norepinephrine, a signaling molecule that acts to prepare the brain and body for action. This activation results, for instance, in astrocytes releasing chemicals that can act on neurons. Certain cognitive symptoms associated with Alzheimer’s disease could be due to a lack of norepinephrine. In parallel, studies in anaesthetized mice have shown perturbed astrocyte signaling in a model of the condition. Disrupted norepinephrine-triggered astrocyte signaling could therefore be implicated in the symptoms of the disease. Experiments in awake mice are needed to investigate this link, especially as anesthesia is known to disrupt the activity of astrocytes. To explore this question, Åbjørsbråten, Skaaraas et al. conducted experiments in naturally behaving mice expressing mutations found in patients with early-onset Alzheimer’s disease. These mice develop hallmarks of the disorder. Compared to their healthy counterparts, these animals had reduced astrocyte signaling when running or being startled. Similarly, a fluorescent molecular marker for norepinephrine demonstrated less signaling in the modified mice compared to healthy ones. Over 55 million individuals currently live with Alzheimer’s disease. The results by Åbjørsbråten, Skaaraas et al. suggest that astrocyte–norepinephrine communication may be implicated in the condition, an avenue of research that could potentially lead to developing new treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gry H E Skaaraas
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Céline Cunen
- Department of Mathematics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Kristin M Binder
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Vidar Jensen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Shreyas B Rao
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Wannan Tang
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | | | | | - Reidun Torp
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rune Enger
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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15
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Skauli N, Savchenko E, Ottersen OP, Roybon L, Amiry-Moghaddam M. Canonical Bone Morphogenetic Protein Signaling Regulates Expression of Aquaporin-4 and Its Anchoring Complex in Mouse Astrocytes. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:878154. [PMID: 35518645 PMCID: PMC9067306 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.878154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is the predominant water channel in the brain; it is enriched in astrocytic foot processes abutting vessels where it is anchored through an interaction with the dystrophin-associated protein (DAP) complex. Enhanced expression with concomitant mislocalization of AQP4 along astrocyte plasma membranes is a hallmark of several neurological conditions. Thus, there is an urgent need to identify which signaling pathways dictate AQP4 microdistribution. Here we show that canonical bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), particularly BMP2 and 4, upregulate AQP4 expression in astrocytes and dysregulate the associated DAP complex by differentially affecting its individual members. We further demonstrate the presence of BMP receptors and Smad1/5/9 pathway activation in BMP treated astrocytes. Our analysis of adult mouse brain reveals BMP2 and 4 in neurons and in a subclass of endothelial cells and activated Smad1/5/9 in astrocytes. We conclude that the canonical BMP-signaling pathway might be responsible for regulating the expression of AQP4 and of DAP complex proteins that govern the subcellular compartmentation of this aquaporin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Skauli
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ekaterina Savchenko
- Stem Cell Laboratory for CNS Disease Modeling, Department of Experimental Medical Science, BMC D10, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ole Petter Ottersen
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laurent Roybon
- Stem Cell Laboratory for CNS Disease Modeling, Department of Experimental Medical Science, BMC D10, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mahmood Amiry-Moghaddam
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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16
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Yamey G, Arya AN, Bhutta ZA, Causevic S, Chisadza C, Fewer S, Friberg P, Gloppen S, Guha-Sapir D, Halonen T, Hoffman SJ, Langer A, Lyytikäinen M, Oppenheim B, Ottersen OP, Percival V, Shekh Mohamed I, Thoms OT. A call for an immediate ceasefire and peaceful end to the Russian aggression against Ukraine. Lancet 2022; 399:1284-1287. [PMID: 35339228 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(22)00571-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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17
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Buse K, Tomson G, Kuruvilla S, Mahmood J, Alden A, van der Meulen M, Ottersen OP, Haines A. Tackling the politics of intersectoral action for the health of people and planet. BMJ 2022; 376:e068124. [PMID: 37462013 PMCID: PMC8790677 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2021-068124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kent Buse
- George Institute for Global Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Göran Tomson
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Swedish Institute for Global Health Transformation, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Jemilah Mahmood
- Sunway Centre for Planetary Health, Sunway University, Malaysia
| | - Anastasia Alden
- George Institute for Global Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Andy Haines
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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18
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Banitalebi S, Skauli N, Geiseler S, Ottersen OP, Amiry-Moghaddam M. Disassembly and Mislocalization of AQP4 in Incipient Scar Formation after Experimental Stroke. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031117. [PMID: 35163040 PMCID: PMC8835637 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need to better understand the mechanisms involved in scar formation in the brain. It is well known that astrocytes are critically engaged in this process. Here, we analyze incipient scar formation one week after a discrete ischemic insult to the cerebral cortex. We show that the infarct border zone is characterized by pronounced changes in the organization and subcellular localization of the major astrocytic protein AQP4. Specifically, there is a loss of AQP4 from astrocytic endfoot membranes that anchor astrocytes to pericapillary basal laminae and a disassembly of the supramolecular AQP4 complexes that normally abound in these membranes. This disassembly may be mechanistically coupled to a downregulation of the newly discovered AQP4 isoform AQP4ex. AQP4 has adhesive properties and is assumed to facilitate astrocyte mobility by permitting rapid volume changes at the leading edges of migrating astrocytes. Thus, the present findings provide new insight in the molecular basis of incipient scar formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shervin Banitalebi
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Nadia Skauli
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Samuel Geiseler
- Cardiovascular Research Group IMB, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, 9019 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ole Petter Ottersen
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- President's Office, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 6, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mahmood Amiry-Moghaddam
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
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19
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Ekström AM, Tomson G, Wanyenze RK, Bhutta ZA, Kyobutungi C, Binagwaho A, Ottersen OP. Addressing production gaps for vaccines in African countries. Bull World Health Organ 2021; 99:910-912. [PMID: 34866689 PMCID: PMC8640685 DOI: 10.2471/blt.21.287381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Mia Ekström
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Tomson
- Swedish Institute for Global Health Transformation, SIGHT, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rhoda K Wanyenze
- College of Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Makerere University, Uganda
| | - Zulfiqar A Bhutta
- Institute for Global Health & Development, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
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20
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Vallin M, Gaunt A, Tomson G, Ottersen OP. Europe and the world: boosting international academic cooperation in a time of geopolitical tension and polarization. Eur J Public Health 2021; 31:929-930. [PMID: 34436554 PMCID: PMC8546873 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Vallin
- President's Office, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Chemical Biology Consortium Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Albin Gaunt
- International Relations Office, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Tomson
- President's Office, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Swedish Institute for Global Health Transformation, SIGHT, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
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21
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Skaaraas GHES, Melbye C, Puchades MA, Leung DSY, Jacobsen Ø, Rao SB, Ottersen OP, Leergaard TB, Torp R. Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease Associates with Upregulated Angiopoietin and Downregulated Hypoxia-Inducible Factor. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 83:1651-1663. [PMID: 34459401 PMCID: PMC8609707 DOI: 10.3233/jad-210571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Vascular pathology is a common feature in patients with advanced Alzheimer’s disease, with cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and microvascular changes commonly observed at autopsies and in genetic mouse models. However, despite a plethora of studies addressing the possible impact of CAA on brain vasculature, results have remained contradictory, showing reduced, unchanged, or even increased capillary densities in human and rodent brains overexpressing amyloid-β in Alzheimer’s disease and Down’s syndrome. Objective: We asked if CAA is associated with changes in angiogenetic factors or receptors and if so, whether this would translate into morphological alterations in pericyte coverage and vessel density. Methods: We utilized the transgenic mice carrying the Arctic (E693G) and Swedish (KM670/6701NL) amyloid precursor protein which develop severe CAA in addition to parenchymal plaques. Results: The main finding of the present study was that CAA in Tg-ArcSwe mice is associated with upregulated angiopoietin and downregulated hypoxia-inducible factor. In the same mice, we combined immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy to quantify the extent of CAA and investigate to which degree vessels associated with amyloid plaques were pathologically affected. We found that despite a severe amount of CAA and alterations in several angiogenetic factors in Tg-ArcSwe mice, this was not translated into significant morphological alterations like changes in pericyte coverage or vessel density. Conclusion: Our data suggest that CAA does not impact vascular density but might affect capillary turnover by causing changes in the expression levels of angiogenetic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christoffer Melbye
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Maja A Puchades
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Doreen Siu Yi Leung
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Shreyas B Rao
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole Petter Ottersen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Trygve B Leergaard
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Reidun Torp
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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22
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Rao SB, Skauli N, Jovanovic N, Katoozi S, Frigeri A, Froehner SC, Adams ME, Ottersen OP, Amiry-Moghaddam M. Orchestrating aquaporin-4 and connexin-43 expression in brain: Differential roles of α1- and β1-syntrophin. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr 2021; 1863:183616. [PMID: 33872576 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2021.183616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channels and gap junction proteins (connexins) are two classes of astrocytic membrane proteins critically involved in brain water and ion homeostasis. AQP4 channels are anchored by α1-syntrophin to the perivascular astrocytic endfoot membrane domains where they control water flux at the blood-brain interface while connexins cluster at the lateral aspects of the astrocytic endfeet forming gap junctions that allow water and ions to dissipate through the astrocyte syncytium. Recent studies have pointed to an interdependence between astrocytic AQP4 and astrocytic gap junctions but the underlying mechanism remains to be explored. Here we use a novel transgenic mouse line to unravel whether β1-syntrophin (coexpressed with α1-syntrophin in astrocytic plasma membranes) is implicated in the expression of AQP4 isoforms and formation of gap junctions in brain. Our results show that while the effect of β1-syntrophin deletion is rather limited, double knockout of α1- and β1-syntrophin causes a downregulation of the novel AQP4 isoform AQP4ex and an increase in the number of astrocytic gap junctions. The present study highlight the importance of syntrophins in orchestrating specialized functional domains of brain astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreyas B Rao
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Post box 1105, Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Nadia Skauli
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Post box 1105, Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Nenad Jovanovic
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Post box 1105, Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Shirin Katoozi
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Post box 1105, Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Antonio Frigeri
- School of Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
| | - Stanley C Froehner
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-7290, USA.
| | - Marvin E Adams
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-7290, USA.
| | - Ole Petter Ottersen
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Post box 1105, Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Mahmood Amiry-Moghaddam
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Post box 1105, Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway.
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23
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Abstract
Göran Tomson and colleagues argue that our ability to control pandemics requires global action to counter inequalities from demographic, environmental, technological, and other megatrends
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Affiliation(s)
- Göran Tomson
- Swedish Institute for Global Health Transformation (SIGHT), Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Sweden
- UN Agenda 2030 Presidents Office, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Causevic
- Swedish Institute for Global Health Transformation (SIGHT), Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Sweden
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Stefan Swartling Peterson
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | | | - Alicia Ely Yamin
- Petrie-Flom Center for Health Law Policy, Biotechnology and Bioethics, Harvard Law School, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Partners in Health, Boston, MA, USA
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24
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25
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Henneberger C, Bard L, Panatier A, Reynolds JP, Kopach O, Medvedev NI, Minge D, Herde MK, Anders S, Kraev I, Heller JP, Rama S, Zheng K, Jensen TP, Sanchez-Romero I, Jackson CJ, Janovjak H, Ottersen OP, Nagelhus EA, Oliet SHR, Stewart MG, Nägerl UV, Rusakov DA. LTP Induction Boosts Glutamate Spillover by Driving Withdrawal of Perisynaptic Astroglia. Neuron 2020; 108:919-936.e11. [PMID: 32976770 PMCID: PMC7736499 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2020.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Extrasynaptic actions of glutamate are limited by high-affinity transporters expressed by perisynaptic astroglial processes (PAPs): this helps maintain point-to-point transmission in excitatory circuits. Memory formation in the brain is associated with synaptic remodeling, but how this affects PAPs and therefore extrasynaptic glutamate actions is poorly understood. Here, we used advanced imaging methods, in situ and in vivo, to find that a classical synaptic memory mechanism, long-term potentiation (LTP), triggers withdrawal of PAPs from potentiated synapses. Optical glutamate sensors combined with patch-clamp and 3D molecular localization reveal that LTP induction thus prompts spatial retreat of astroglial glutamate transporters, boosting glutamate spillover and NMDA-receptor-mediated inter-synaptic cross-talk. The LTP-triggered PAP withdrawal involves NKCC1 transporters and the actin-controlling protein cofilin but does not depend on major Ca2+-dependent cascades in astrocytes. We have therefore uncovered a mechanism by which a memory trace at one synapse could alter signal handling by multiple neighboring connections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Henneberger
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK; Institute of Cellular Neurosciences, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53175 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Lucie Bard
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Aude Panatier
- INSERM U1215, Neurocentre Magendie, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - James P Reynolds
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Olga Kopach
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | | | - Daniel Minge
- Institute of Cellular Neurosciences, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Michel K Herde
- Institute of Cellular Neurosciences, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefanie Anders
- Institute of Cellular Neurosciences, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Igor Kraev
- Life Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK
| | - Janosch P Heller
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Sylvain Rama
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Kaiyu Zheng
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Thomas P Jensen
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | | | - Colin J Jackson
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Harald Janovjak
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria; EMBL Australia, Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Science, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Ole Petter Ottersen
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway; Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Stephane H R Oliet
- INSERM U1215, Neurocentre Magendie, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | | | - U Valentin Nägerl
- Université de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Dmitri A Rusakov
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK.
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26
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Katoozi S, Rao SB, Skauli N, Froehner SC, Ottersen OP, Adams ME, Amiry-Moghaddam M. Functional specialization of retinal Müller cell endfeet depends on an interplay between two syntrophin isoforms. Mol Brain 2020; 13:40. [PMID: 32178707 PMCID: PMC7074989 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-020-00581-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinal Müller cells are highly polarized macroglial cells with accumulation of the aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channel and the inwardly rectifying potassium channel Kir4.1 at specialized endfoot membrane domains abutting microvessels and corpus vitreum. Proper water and potassium homeostasis in retina depends on these membrane specializations. Here we show that targeted deletion of β1-syntrophin leads to a partial loss of AQP4 from perivascular Müller cell endfeet and that a concomitant deletion of both α1- and β1-syntrophin causes a near complete loss of AQP4 from both perivascular and subvitreal endfoot membranes. α1-syntrophin is normally very weakly expressed in Müller cell endfeet but β1-syntrophin knockout mice display an increased amount of α1-syntrophin at these sites. We suggest that upregulation of perivascular α1-syntrophin restricts the effect of β1-syntrophin deletion. The present findings indicate that β1-syntrophin plays an important role in maintaining the functional polarity of Müller cells and that α1-syntrophin can partially substitute for β1-syntrophin in AQP4 anchoring. Functional polarization of Müller cells thus depends on an interplay between two syntrophin isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Katoozi
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Post box 1105, Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway
| | - Shreyas B Rao
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Post box 1105, Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nadia Skauli
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Post box 1105, Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stanley C Froehner
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-7290, USA
| | - Ole Petter Ottersen
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Post box 1105, Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway.,Present Address: President's office, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 6, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marvin E Adams
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-7290, USA
| | - Mahmood Amiry-Moghaddam
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Post box 1105, Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway.
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27
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Hoddevik EH, Rao SB, Zahl S, Boldt HB, Ottersen OP, Amiry-Moghaddam M. Organisation of extracellular matrix proteins laminin and agrin in pericapillary basal laminae in mouse brain. Brain Struct Funct 2020; 225:805-816. [PMID: 32072250 PMCID: PMC7046580 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-020-02036-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that extracellular matrix molecules of perivascular basal laminae help orchestrate the molecular assemblies at the gliovascular interface. Specifically, laminin and agrin are thought to tether the dystrophin-associated protein (DAP) complex to the astrocytic basal lamina. This complex includes α-syntrophin (α-Syn), which is believed to anchor aquaporin-4 (AQP4) to astrocytic endfoot membrane domains. We have previously shown that the size of the perivascular AQP4 pool differs considerably between brain regions in an α-Syn-dependent manner. Also, both AQP4 and α-Syn occur at higher densities in endfoot membrane domains facing pericytes than in endfoot membrane domains facing endothelial cells. The heterogeneous distribution of AQP4 at the regional and capillary level has been attributed to a direct interaction between AQP4 and α-Syn. This would be challenged (1) if the microdistributions of laminin and agrin fail to align with those of DAP and AQP4 and (2) if targeted deletion of α-Syn leads to a loss of laminin and/or agrin. Here, we provide the first detailed and quantitative analysis of laminin and agrin in brain basal laminae of mice. We show that the microdistributions of these molecules vary in a fashion that is well aligned with the previously reported microdistribution of AQP4. We also demonstrate that the expression patterns of laminin and agrin are insensitive to targeted deletion of α-Syn, suggesting that α-Syn deletion affects AQP4 directly and not indirectly via laminin or agrin. These data fill remaining voids in the current model of how key molecules are assembled and tethered at the gliovascular interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eystein Hellstrøm Hoddevik
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Blindern, Post box 1105, 0317, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Shreyas Balachandra Rao
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Blindern, Post box 1105, 0317, Oslo, Norway
| | - Soulmaz Zahl
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Blindern, Post box 1105, 0317, Oslo, Norway
| | - Henning Bünsow Boldt
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Blindern, Post box 1105, 0317, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ole Petter Ottersen
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Blindern, Post box 1105, 0317, Oslo, Norway
- President's Office, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 6, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mahmood Amiry-Moghaddam
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Blindern, Post box 1105, 0317, Oslo, Norway.
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28
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Rosic B, Dukefoss DB, Åbjørsbråten KS, Tang W, Jensen V, Ottersen OP, Enger R, Nagelhus EA. Aquaporin-4-independent volume dynamics of astroglial endfeet during cortical spreading depression. Glia 2019; 67:1113-1121. [PMID: 30791140 PMCID: PMC6594042 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cortical spreading depression (CSD) is a slowly propagating wave of depolarization of gray matter. This phenomenon is believed to underlie the migraine aura and similar waves of depolarization may exacerbate injury in a number of neurological disease states. CSD is characterized by massive ion dyshomeostasis, cell swelling, and multiphasic blood flow changes. Recently, it was shown that CSD is associated with a closure of the paravascular space (PVS), a proposed exit route for brain interstitial fluid and solutes, including excitatory and inflammatory substances that increase in the wake of CSD. The PVS closure was hypothesized to rely on swelling of astrocytic endfeet due to their high expression of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channels. We investigated whether CSD is associated with swelling of endfeet around penetrating arterioles in the cortex of living mice. Endfoot cross-sectional area was assessed by two-photon microscopy of mice expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein in astrocytes and related to the degree of arteriolar constriction. In anesthetized mice CSD triggered pronounced endfoot swelling that was short-lasting and coincided with the initial arteriolar constriction. Mice lacking AQP4 displayed volume changes of similar magnitude. CSD-induced endfoot swelling and arteriolar constriction also occurred in awake mice, albeit with faster kinetics than in anesthetized mice. We conclude that swelling of astrocytic endfeet is a robust event in CSD. The early onset and magnitude of the endfoot swelling is such that it may significantly delay perivascular drainage of interstitial solutes in neurological conditions where CSD plays a pathophysiological role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brana Rosic
- GliaLab and Letten Centre, Division of Physiology, Department of Molecular MedicineInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Didrik B. Dukefoss
- GliaLab and Letten Centre, Division of Physiology, Department of Molecular MedicineInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Knut Sindre Åbjørsbråten
- GliaLab and Letten Centre, Division of Physiology, Department of Molecular MedicineInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Wannan Tang
- GliaLab and Letten Centre, Division of Physiology, Department of Molecular MedicineInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Vidar Jensen
- GliaLab and Letten Centre, Division of Physiology, Department of Molecular MedicineInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Ole Petter Ottersen
- GliaLab and Letten Centre, Division of Physiology, Department of Molecular MedicineInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of OsloOsloNorway
- Office of the PresidentKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Rune Enger
- GliaLab and Letten Centre, Division of Physiology, Department of Molecular MedicineInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of OsloOsloNorway
- Department of NeurologyOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
| | - Erlend A. Nagelhus
- GliaLab and Letten Centre, Division of Physiology, Department of Molecular MedicineInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of OsloOsloNorway
- Department of NeurologyOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
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29
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Rao SB, Katoozi S, Skauli N, Froehner SC, Ottersen OP, Adams ME, Amiry-Moghaddam M. Targeted deletion of β1-syntrophin causes a loss of K ir 4.1 from Müller cell endfeet in mouse retina. Glia 2019; 67:1138-1149. [PMID: 30803043 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Proper function of the retina depends heavily on a specialized form of retinal glia called Müller cells. These cells carry out important homeostatic functions that are contingent on their polarized nature. Specifically, the Müller cell endfeet that contact retinal microvessels and the corpus vitreum show a tenfold higher concentration of the inwardly rectifying potassium channel Kir 4.1 than other Müller cell plasma membrane domains. This highly selective enrichment of Kir 4.1 allows K+ to be siphoned through endfoot membranes in a special form of spatial buffering. Here, we show that Kir 4.1 is enriched in endfoot membranes through an interaction with β1-syntrophin. Targeted disruption of this syntrophin caused a loss of Kir 4.1 from Müller cell endfeet without affecting the total level of Kir 4.1 expression in the retina. Targeted disruption of α1-syntrophin had no effect on Kir 4.1 localization. Our findings show that the Kir 4.1 aggregation that forms the basis for K+ siphoning depends on a specific syntrophin isoform that colocalizes with Kir 4.1 in Müller endfoot membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreyas B Rao
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Shirin Katoozi
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nadia Skauli
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stanley C Froehner
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Western Australia
| | - Ole Petter Ottersen
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marvin E Adams
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Western Australia
| | - Mahmood Amiry-Moghaddam
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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30
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Dang DK, Shin EJ, Kim DJ, Tran HQ, Jeong JH, Jang CG, Ottersen OP, Nah SY, Hong JS, Nabeshima T, Kim HC. PKCδ-dependent p47phox activation mediates methamphetamine-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 115:318-337. [PMID: 29269308 PMCID: PMC7074955 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Protein kinase C (PKC) has been recognized to activate NADPH oxidase (PHOX). However, the interaction between PKC and PHOX in vivo remains elusive. Treatment with methamphetamine (MA) resulted in a selective increase in PKCδ expression out of PKC isoforms. PKCδ co-immunoprecipitated with p47phox, and facilitated phosphorylation and membrane translocation of p47phox. MA-induced increases in PHOX activity and reactive oxygen species were attenuated by knockout of p47phox or PKCδ. In addition, MA-induced impairments in the Nrf-2-related glutathione synthetic system were also mitigated by knockout of p47phox or PKCδ. Glutathione-immunoreactivity was co-localized in Iba-1-labeled microglial cells and in NeuN-labeled neurons, but not in GFAP-labeled astrocytes, reflecting the necessity for self-protection against oxidative stress by mainly microglia. Buthionine-sulfoximine, an inhibitor of glutathione biosynthesis, potentiated microglial activation and pro-apoptotic changes, leading to dopaminergic losses. These neurotoxic processes were attenuated by rottlerin, a pharmacological inhibitor of PKCδ, genetic inhibitions of PKCδ [i.e., PKCδ knockout mice (KO) and PKCδ antisense oligonucleotide (ASO)], or genetic inhibition of p47phox (i.e., p47phox KO or p47phox ASO). Rottlerin did not exhibit any additive effects against the protective activity offered by genetic inhibition of p47phox. Therefore, we suggest that PKCδ is a critical regulator for p47phox activation induced by MA, and that Nrf-2-dependent GSH induction via inhibition of PKCδ or p47phox, is important for dopaminergic protection against MA insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duy-Khanh Dang
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Joo Shin
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Joong Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical School, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hai-Quyen Tran
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Choon-Gon Jang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ole Petter Ottersen
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, N-0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Seung-Yeol Nah
- Ginsentology Research Laboratory and Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jau-Shyong Hong
- Neuropharmacology Section, Laboratory of Toxicology and Pharmacology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Toshitaka Nabeshima
- Nabeshima Laboratory, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Meijo University, Nagoya 468-8503, Japan
| | - Hyoung-Chun Kim
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Republic of Korea.
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Prydz A, Stahl K, Puchades M, Davarpaneh N, Nadeem M, Ottersen OP, Gundersen V, Amiry-Moghaddam M. Subcellular expression of aquaporin-4 in substantia nigra of normal and MPTP-treated mice. Neuroscience 2017; 359:258-266. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Haglerød C, Hussain S, Nakamura Y, Xia J, Haug FMS, Ottersen OP, Henley JM, Davanger S. Presynaptic PICK1 facilitates trafficking of AMPA-receptors between active zone and synaptic vesicle pool. Neuroscience 2017; 344:102-112. [PMID: 28057533 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that presynaptic α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate receptors (AMPARs) contribute to the regulation of neurotransmitter release. In hippocampal synapses, the presynaptic surface expression of several AMPAR subunits, including GluA2, is regulated in a ligand-dependent manner. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the presynaptic trafficking of AMPARs are still unknown. Here, using bright-field immunocytochemistry, western blots, and quantitative immunogold electron microscopy of the hippocampal CA1 area from intact adult rat brain, we demonstrate the association of AMPA receptors with the presynaptic active zone and with small presynaptic vesicles, in Schaffer collateral synapses in CA1 of the hippocampus. Furthermore, we show that GluA2 and protein interacting with C kinase 1 (PICK1) are colocalized at presynaptic vesicles. Similar to postsynaptic mechanisms, overexpression of either PICK1 or pep2m, which inhibit the N-ethylmaleimide sensitive fusion protein (NSF)-GluA2 interaction, decreases the concentration of GluA2 in the presynaptic active zone membrane. These data suggest that the interacting proteins PICK1 and NSF act as regulators of presynaptic GluA2-containing AMPAR trafficking between the active zone and a vesicle pool that may provide the basis of presynaptic components of synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Haglerød
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Anatomy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - S Hussain
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Anatomy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Y Nakamura
- School of Biochemistry, Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - J Xia
- Division of Life Science, Division of Biomedical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - F-M S Haug
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Anatomy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - O P Ottersen
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Anatomy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - J M Henley
- School of Biochemistry, Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - S Davanger
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Anatomy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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Bjertness E, Htay TT, Maung NS, Soe ZW, Aye SS, Ottersen OP, Liabsuetrakul T, Grøttum P, Hovland M, Amiry-Moghaddam M. E-learning resources in Myanmar. Lancet 2016; 388:2990-2991. [PMID: 27998528 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(16)32520-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Espen Bjertness
- Department of Community Medicine and Global Health, Institute of Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, Oslo 0318, Norway.
| | | | | | | | - Saw Sanda Aye
- University of Information Technology, Yangon, Myanmar
| | | | | | - Per Grøttum
- Section for Medical Informatics, Oslo 0318, Norway
| | - Magnus Hovland
- Realtime Services, University Center for Information Technology, Oslo 0318, Norway
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Vindedal GF, Thoren AE, Jensen V, Klungland A, Zhang Y, Holtzman MJ, Ottersen OP, Nagelhus EA. Removal of aquaporin-4 from glial and ependymal membranes causes brain water accumulation. Mol Cell Neurosci 2016; 77:47-52. [PMID: 27751903 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a constitutive production of water in brain. The efflux routes of this excess water remain to be identified. We used basal brain water content as a proxy for the capacity of water exit routes. Basal brain water content was increased in mice with a complete loss of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channels (global Aqp4-/- mice), but not in mice with a selective removal of perivascular AQP4 or in a novel mouse line with a selective deletion of ependymal AQP4 (Foxj1-Cre:Aqp4flox/flox mice). Unique for the global Aqp4-/- mice is the loss of the AQP4 pool subjacent to the pial membrane. Our data suggest that water accumulates in brain when subpial AQP4 is missing, pointing to a critical role of this pool of water channels in brain water exit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gry Fluge Vindedal
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway; GliaLab and Letten Centre, Division of Physiology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Anna E Thoren
- GliaLab and Letten Centre, Division of Physiology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Vidar Jensen
- GliaLab and Letten Centre, Division of Physiology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Arne Klungland
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, 0027 Oslo, Norway; Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Yong Zhang
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Michael J Holtzman
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Ole Petter Ottersen
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Erlend A Nagelhus
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway; GliaLab and Letten Centre, Division of Physiology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, 0027 Oslo, Norway.
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Engebretsen E, Heggen K, Das S, Farmer P, Ottersen OP. Paradoxes of sustainability with consequences for health. The Lancet Global Health 2016; 4:e225-6. [DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(16)00038-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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McNeill D, Ottersen OP. Global Governance for Health: how to motivate political change? Public Health 2015; 129:833-7. [PMID: 26112127 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we address a central theme that was discussed at the Durham Health Summit: how can politics be brought back into global health governance and figure much more prominently in discussions around policy? We begin by briefly summarizing the report of the Lancet - University of Oslo Commission on Global Governance for Health: 'The Political Origins of Health Inequity' Ottersen et al. In order to provide compelling evidence of the central argument, the Commission selected seven case studies relating to, inter alia, economic and fiscal policy, food security, and foreign trade and investment agreements. Based on an analysis of these studies, the report concludes that the problems identified are often due to political choices: an unwillingness to change the global system of governance. This raises the question: what is the most effective way that a report of this kind can be used to motivate policy-makers, and the public at large, to demand change? What kind of moral or rational argument is most likely to lead to action? In this paper we assess the merits of various alternative perspectives: health as an investment; health as a global public good; health and human security; health and human development; health as a human right; health and global justice. We conclude that what is required in order to motivate change is a more explicitly political and moral perspective - favouring the later rather than the earlier alternatives just listed.
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Szokol K, Heuser K, Tang W, Jensen V, Enger R, Bedner P, Steinhäuser C, Taubøll E, Ottersen OP, Nagelhus EA. Augmentation of Ca(2+) signaling in astrocytic endfeet in the latent phase of temporal lobe epilepsy. Front Cell Neurosci 2015; 9:49. [PMID: 25762896 PMCID: PMC4340203 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrocytic endfeet are specialized cell compartments whose important homeostatic roles depend on their enrichment of water and ion channels anchored by the dystrophin associated protein complex (DAPC). This protein complex is known to disassemble in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy and in the latent phase of experimental epilepsies. The mechanistic underpinning of this disassembly is an obvious target of future therapies, but remains unresolved. Here we show in a kainate model of temporal lobe epilepsy that astrocytic endfeet display an enhanced stimulation-evoked Ca(2+) signal that outlast the Ca(2+) signal in the cell bodies. While the amplitude of this Ca(2+) signal is reduced following group I/II metabotropic receptor (mGluR) blockade, the duration is sustained. Based on previous studies it has been hypothesized that the molecular disassembly in astrocytic endfeet is caused by dystrophin cleavage mediated by Ca(2+) dependent proteases. Using a newly developed genetically encoded Ca(2+) sensor, the present study bolsters this hypothesis by demonstrating long-lasting, enhanced stimulation-evoked Ca(2+) signals in astrocytic endfeet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Szokol
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital Oslo, Norway ; Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, The Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway ; Letten Centre and GliaLab, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjell Heuser
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital Oslo, Norway ; Letten Centre and GliaLab, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway
| | - Wannan Tang
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, The Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway ; Letten Centre and GliaLab, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway
| | - Vidar Jensen
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, The Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway ; Letten Centre and GliaLab, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway
| | - Rune Enger
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital Oslo, Norway ; Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, The Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway ; Letten Centre and GliaLab, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway
| | - Peter Bedner
- Institute of Cellular Neurosciences, University of Bonn Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Erik Taubøll
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Erlend A Nagelhus
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital Oslo, Norway ; Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, The Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway ; Letten Centre and GliaLab, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway
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Fujita A, Inanobe A, Hibino H, Nielsen S, Ottersen OP, Kurachi Y. Clustering of Kir4.1 at specialized compartments of the lateral membrane in ependymal cells of rat brain. Cell Tissue Res 2014; 359:627-634. [PMID: 25380566 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-014-2030-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Brain ependymal cells, which form an epithelial layer covering the cerebral ventricles, have been shown to play a role in the regulation of cerebrospinal and interstitial fluids. The machinery underlying this, however, remains largely unknown. Here, we report the specific localization of an inwardly rectifying K(+) channel, Kir4.1, on the ependymal cell membrane suggesting involvement of the channel in this function. Immunohistochemical study with confocal microscopy identified Kir4.1 labeling on the lateral but not apical membrane of ependymal cells. Ultrastructural analysis revealed that Kir4.1-immunogold particles were specifically localized and clustered on adjacent membranes at puncta adherens type junctions, whereas an aquaporin water channel, AQP4, that was also detected on the lateral membrane only occurred at components other than adherens junctions. Therefore, in ependymal cells, Kir4.1 and AQP4 are partitioned into distinct membrane compartments that might respectively transport either K(+) or water. Kir4.1 was also expressed in a specialized form of ependymal cell, namely the tanycyte, being abundant in tanycyte processes wrapping neuropils and blood vessels. These specific localizations suggest that Kir4.1 mediates intercellular K(+) exchange between ependymal cells and also K(+)-buffering transport via tanycytes that can interconnect neurons and vessels/ventricles. We propose that ependymal cells and tanycytes differentially operate Kir4.1 and AQP4 actively to control the property of fluids at local areas in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akikazu Fujita
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. .,Field of Veterinary Pathobiology, Basic Veterinary Science, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Inanobe
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hibino
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Molecular Physiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Søren Nielsen
- Water and Salt Research Center, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ole Petter Ottersen
- Center for Molecular Biology and Neuroscience and Department of Anatomy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Yoshihisa Kurachi
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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Lunde LK, Camassa LMA, Hoddevik EH, Khan FH, Ottersen OP, Boldt HB, Amiry-Moghaddam M. Postnatal development of the molecular complex underlying astrocyte polarization. Brain Struct Funct 2014; 220:2087-101. [PMID: 24777283 PMCID: PMC4481305 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-014-0775-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Astrocytes are highly polarised cells with processes that ensheath microvessels, cover the brain surface, and abut synapses. The endfoot membrane domains facing microvessels and pia are enriched with aquaporin-4 water channels (AQP4) and other members of the dystrophin associated protein complex (DAPC). Several lines of evidence show that loss of astrocyte polarization, defined by the loss of proteins that are normally enriched in astrocyte endfeet, is a common denominator of several neurological diseases such as mesial temporal lobe epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, and stroke. Little is known about the mechanisms responsible for inducing astrocyte polarization in vivo. Here we introduce the term endfoot-basal lamina junctional complex (EBJC) to denote the proteins that consolidate and characterize the gliovascular interface. The present study was initiated in order to resolve the developmental profile of the EBJC in mouse brain. We show that the EBJC is established after the first week postnatally. Through a combination of methodological approaches, including light microscopic and high resolution immunogold cytochemistry, quantitative RT-PCR, and Western blotting, we demonstrate that the different members of this complex exhibit distinct ontogenic profiles—with the extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins laminin and agrin appearing earlier than the other members of the complex. Specifically, while laminin and agrin expression peak at P7, quantitative immunoblot analyses indicate that AQP4, α-syntrophin, and the inwardly rectifying K(+) channel Kir4.1 expression increases towards adulthood. Our findings are consistent with ECM having an instructive role in establishing astrocyte polarization in postnatal development and emphasize the need to explore the involvement of ECM in neurological disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa K Lunde
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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40
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Desmond McNeill
- Centre for Development and the Environment, University of Oslo, Oslo NO-0855, Norway
| | | | - Inger Scheel
- Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sidsel Roalkvam
- Centre for Development and the Environment, University of Oslo, Oslo NO-0855, Norway.
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41
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Haj-Yasein NN, Bugge CE, Jensen V, Østby I, Ottersen OP, Hvalby Ø, Nagelhus EA. Deletion of aquaporin-4 increases extracellular K(+) concentration during synaptic stimulation in mouse hippocampus. Brain Struct Funct 2014; 220:2469-74. [PMID: 24744149 PMCID: PMC4481334 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-014-0767-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The coupling between the water channel aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and K+ transport has attracted much interest. In this study, we assessed the effect of Aqp4 deletion on activity-induced [K+]o changes in acute slices from hippocampus and corpus callosum of adult mice. We show that Aqp4 deletion has a layer-specific effect on [K+]o that precisely mirrors the known effect on extracellular volume dynamics. In CA1, the peak [K+]o in stratum radiatum during 20 Hz stimulation of Schaffer collateral/commissural fibers was significantly higher in Aqp4−/− mice than in wild types, whereas no differences were observed throughout the [K+]o recovery phase. In stratum pyramidale and corpus callosum, neither peak [K+]o nor post-stimulus [K+]o recovery was affected by Aqp4 deletion. Our data suggest that AQP4 modulates [K+]o during synaptic stimulation through its effect on extracellular space volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Nabil Haj-Yasein
- Letten Centre, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0317, Oslo, Norway
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Ottersen OP, Dasgupta J, Blouin C, Buss P, Chongsuvivatwong V, Frenk J, Fukuda-Parr S, Gawanas BP, Giacaman R, Gyapong J, Leaning J, Marmot M, McNeill D, Mongella GI, Moyo N, Møgedal S, Ntsaluba A, Ooms G, Bjertness E, Lie AL, Moon S, Roalkvam S, Sandberg KI, Scheel IB. The political origins of health inequity: prospects for change. Lancet 2014; 383:630-67. [PMID: 24524782 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(13)62407-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 297] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chantal Blouin
- Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Paulo Buss
- Centre for Global Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Julio Frenk
- Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sakiko Fukuda-Parr
- Graduate Program in International Affairs, The New School, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Rita Giacaman
- Institute of Community and Public Health, Birzeit University, West Bank, occupied Palestinian territory
| | | | - Jennifer Leaning
- FXB Center for Health and Human Rights, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael Marmot
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Desmond McNeill
- Centre for Development and the Environment, University of Oslo, Oslo Norway
| | | | - Nkosana Moyo
- Mandela Institute for Development Studies, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Sigrun Møgedal
- Global Health Unit, Norwegian Knowledge Centre for the Health Services, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Gorik Ooms
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Espen Bjertness
- Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo Norway
| | - Ann Louise Lie
- Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo Norway
| | - Suerie Moon
- Harvard Global Health Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sidsel Roalkvam
- Centre for Development and the Environment, University of Oslo, Oslo Norway
| | - Kristin I Sandberg
- Centre for Development and the Environment, University of Oslo, Oslo Norway
| | - Inger B Scheel
- Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo Norway
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Ahlgren H, Bas-Orth C, Freitag HE, Hellwig A, Ottersen OP, Bading H. The nuclear calcium signaling target, activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), protects against dendrotoxicity and facilitates the recovery of synaptic transmission after an excitotoxic insult. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:9970-82. [PMID: 24515113 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.502914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The focal swellings of dendrites ("dendritic beading") are an early morphological hallmark of neuronal injury and dendrotoxicity. They are associated with a variety of pathological conditions, including brain ischemia, and cause an acute disruption of synaptic transmission and neuronal network function, which contribute to subsequent neuronal death. Here, we show that increased synaptic activity prior to excitotoxic injury protects, in a transcription-dependent manner, against dendritic beading. Expression of activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), a nuclear calcium-regulated gene and member of the core gene program for acquired neuroprotection, can protect against dendritic beading. Conversely, knockdown of ATF3 exacerbates dendritic beading. Assessment of neuronal network functions using microelectrode array recordings revealed that hippocampal neurons expressing ATF3 were able to regain their ability for functional synaptic transmission and to participate in coherent neuronal network activity within 48 h after exposure to toxic concentrations of NMDA. Thus, in addition to attenuating cell death, synaptic activity and expression of ATF3 render hippocampal neurons more resistant to acute dendrotoxicity and loss of synapses. Dendroprotection can enhance recovery of neuronal network functions after excitotoxic insults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Ahlgren
- From the Department of Neurobiology, Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, University of Heidelberg, INF 364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany and
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Dmytrenko L, Cicanic M, Anderova M, Vorisek I, Ottersen OP, Sykova E, Vargova L. The impact of alpha-syntrophin deletion on the changes in tissue structure and extracellular diffusion associated with cell swelling under physiological and pathological conditions. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68044. [PMID: 23861848 PMCID: PMC3702576 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is the primary cellular water channel in the brain and is abundantly expressed by astrocytes along the blood-brain barrier and brain-cerebrospinal fluid interfaces. Water transport via AQP4 contributes to the activity-dependent volume changes of the extracellular space (ECS), which affect extracellular solute concentrations and neuronal excitability. AQP4 is anchored by α-syntrophin (α-syn), the deletion of which leads to reduced AQP4 levels in perivascular and subpial membranes. We used the real-time iontophoretic method and/or diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging to clarify the impact of α-syn deletion on astrocyte morphology and changes in extracellular diffusion associated with cell swelling in vitro and in vivo. In mice lacking α-syn, we found higher resting values of the apparent diffusion coefficient of water (ADCW) and the extracellular volume fraction (α). No significant differences in tortuosity (λ) or non-specific uptake (k'), were found between α-syn-negative (α-syn -/-) and α-syn-positive (α-syn +/+) mice. The deletion of α-syn resulted in a significantly smaller relative decrease in α observed during elevated K(+) (10 mM) and severe hypotonic stress (-100 mOsmol/l), but not during mild hypotonic stress (-50 mOsmol/l). After the induction of terminal ischemia/anoxia, the final values of ADCW as well as of the ECS volume fraction α indicate milder cell swelling in α-syn -/- in comparison with α-syn +/+ mice. Shortly after terminal ischemia/anoxia induction, the onset of a steep rise in the extracellular potassium concentration and an increase in λ was faster in α-syn -/- mice, but the final values did not differ between α-syn -/- and α-syn +/+ mice. This study reveals that water transport through AQP4 channels enhances and accelerates astrocyte swelling. The substantially altered ECS diffusion parameters will likely affect the movement of neuroactive substances and/or trophic factors, which in turn may modulate the extent of tissue damage and/or drug distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesia Dmytrenko
- Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Cicanic
- Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic
- Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslava Anderova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic
- Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Vorisek
- Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic
- Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ole Petter Ottersen
- Center for Molecular Biology and Neuroscience and Department of Anatomy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eva Sykova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic
- Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lydia Vargova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic
- Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
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Thrane AS, Takano T, Rangroo Thrane V, Wang F, Peng W, Ottersen OP, Nedergaard M, Nagelhus EA. In vivo NADH fluorescence imaging indicates effect of aquaporin-4 deletion on oxygen microdistribution in cortical spreading depression. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2013; 33:996-9. [PMID: 23611872 PMCID: PMC3705443 DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2013.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Using in vivo two-photon imaging, we show that mice deficient in aquaporin-4 (AQP4) display increased fluorescence of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) when subjected to cortical spreading depression. The increased NADH signal, a proxy of tissue hypoxia, was restricted to microwatershed areas remote from the vasculature. Aqp4 deletion had no effects on the hyperemia response, but slowed [K(+)]o recovery. These observations suggest that K(+) uptake is suppressed in Aqp4(-/-) mice as a consequence of decreased oxygen delivery to tissue located furthest away from the vascular source of oxygen, although increased oxygen consumption may also contribute to our observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S Thrane
- Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
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Alvestad S, Hammer J, Hoddevik EH, Skare Ø, Sonnewald U, Amiry-Moghaddam M, Ottersen OP. Mislocalization of AQP4 precedes chronic seizures in the kainate model of temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 2013; 105:30-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2013.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Revised: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Potokar M, Stenovec M, Jorgačevski J, Holen T, Kreft M, Ottersen OP, Zorec R. Regulation of AQP4 surface expression via vesicle mobility in astrocytes. Glia 2013; 61:917-28. [DOI: 10.1002/glia.22485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Torgeir Holen
- Center for Molecular Biology and Neuroscience; University of Oslo; Oslo; Norway
| | | | - Ole Petter Ottersen
- Center for Molecular Biology and Neuroscience; University of Oslo; Oslo; Norway
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Ottersen OP. Det største, det minste og det mest komplekse. Tidsskriftet 2013; 133:607. [DOI: 10.4045/tidsskr.13.0159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Enger R, Gundersen GA, Haj-Yasein NN, Eilert-Olsen M, Thoren AE, Vindedal GF, Petersen PH, Skare Ø, Nedergaard M, Ottersen OP, Nagelhus EA. Molecular scaffolds underpinning macroglial polarization: an analysis of retinal Müller cells and brain astrocytes in mouse. Glia 2012; 60:2018-26. [PMID: 22987438 DOI: 10.1002/glia.22416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Key roles of macroglia are inextricably coupled to specialized membrane domains. The perivascular endfoot membrane has drawn particular attention, as this domain contains a unique complement of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and other channel proteins that distinguishes it from perisynaptic membranes. Recent studies indicate that the polarization of macroglia is lost in a number of diseases, including temporal lobe epilepsy and Alzheimer's disease. A better understanding is required of the molecular underpinning of astroglial polarization, particularly when it comes to the significance of the dystrophin associated protein complex (DAPC). Here, we employ immunofluorescence and immunogold cytochemistry to analyze the molecular scaffolding in perivascular endfeet in macroglia of retina and three regions of brain (cortex, dentate gyrus, and cerebellum), using AQP4 as a marker. Compared with brain astrocytes, Müller cells (a class of retinal macroglia) exhibit lower densities of the scaffold proteins dystrophin and α-syntrophin (a DAPC protein), but higher levels of AQP4. In agreement, depletion of dystrophin or α-syntrophin--while causing a dramatic loss of AQP4 from endfoot membranes of brain astrocytes--had only modest or insignificant effect, respectively, on the AQP4 pool in endfoot membranes of Müller cells. In addition, while polarization of brain macroglia was less affected by dystrophin depletion than by targeted deletion of α-syntrophin, the reverse was true for retinal macroglia. These data indicate that the molecular scaffolding in perivascular endfeet is more complex than previously assumed and that macroglia are heterogeneous with respect to the mechanisms that dictate their polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rune Enger
- Centre for Molecular Biology and Neuroscience, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
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Sørbø JG, Fleckenstein B, Ottersen OP, Holen T. Small-scale purification and mass spectrometry analysis reveal a third aquaporin-4 protein isoform of 36 kDa in rat brain. J Neurosci Methods 2012; 211:31-9. [PMID: 22967487 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2012.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Revised: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is known to have two main isoforms M1 and M23 in the brain. Immunoblot analyses have provided evidence of additional AQP4 immunopositive bands, suggesting that the repertoire of AQP4 isoforms is broader than previously assumed. As isoforms beyond M1 and M23 are not observed in recombinant systems, investigation of novel isoforms requires the use of a native source. Here we report purification of AQP4 to three silver-stained proteins on SDS-PAGE. This was achieved by organelle separation, alkaline stripping of cellular membranes, detergent solubilization and multiple chromatographic steps. The three proteins that co-purified were identified as AQP4 by mass spectrometry. These results represent the first purification of AQP4 from a native source and demonstrate by mass spectrometry the presence of a third AQP4 isoform of 36 kDa in the rat brain. Immunoblots revealed that the same isoform is present in the mouse, pig, and human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Gunnar Sørbø
- Center for Molecular Biology and Neuroscience-CMBN and Nordic Centre for Research on Water Imbalance Related Disorders-WIRED, University of Oslo, Norway
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