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Amin OM, Ali AH, Adday TK. The Description of Neoechinorhynchus miniovalis n. sp. (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) from the Mudskipper Boleophthalmus dussumieri Valenciennes (Gobiiformes: Oxudercidae) in Shatt Al-Basrah Canal Southern Iraq. Acta Parasitol 2024; 69:409-414. [PMID: 38159165 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-023-00761-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this article is to describe a new and unusual species of Neoechinoprhynchus Stiles & Hassall, 1905 from the Arabian Gulf coast off Iraq. METHODS Routine methods for examination of fish hosts and recovery of acanthocephalean parasites were followed. Parasites were cleaned, relaxed overnight in refrigerated water then fixed in cold 70% ethanol. Standard procedure for staining, dehydration, clearing in xylene and mounting in Canada balsam was followed. RESULTS Neoechinorhynchus miniovalis n. sp. is described from five whole-mounted specimens collected from the mudskipper Boleophthalmus dussumieri Valenciennes (Oxudericidae) captured in Shatt Al-Basrah Canal, Iraq in 2008. It is distinguished from other species of Neoechinorhynchus Stiles and Hassall, 1905 by a combination of the following diagnostic characters: very small ellipsoid trunk with tapering posterior end and correspondingly small size organs; body wall with similar thickness dorso-ventrally; proboscis wider than long with long anterior hooks having prominent roots; hooks in second and third circles much smaller and rootless; receptacle 5-6 times as long as proboscis with a triangular cephalic ganglion at its base; no para-receptacle structure; lemnisci relatively long and equal, not reaching anterior testis; all male reproductive structures contiguous in posterior two-thirds of trunk; testes equatorial and much wider than long; anterior testis smaller than posterior testis; large syncytial cement gland with six giant nuclei; cement reservoir adjacent to anterior end of sperm vesicle adjacent to Saefftigen's pouch. No sexual dimorphism except that the trunk is more rounded in females than in males. The female reproductive system is about one-third as long as the trunk with the selective apparatus in two positions and uterine bell angulating ventrad. Female lemnisci are longer than in males. Comparisons with worldwide and North American-related species that have partially similar features are made. CONCLUSIONS The finding of Neoechinorhynchus miniovalis n. sp. with unusual small body and wide ellipsoid shape acanthocephalan is considered the first acanthocephalan species belonging to Neoechinorhynchus reported from Palearctic region compared to similar seven species reported only from Neotropical (three species), Nearctic regions (two species), far east (one species) and oriental (one species).
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda, No. 2-419, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA.
| | - Atheer H Ali
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Resources, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
| | - Thamir K Adday
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Resources, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
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Amin OM, Chaudhary A, Sharifdini M, Singh HS. First molecular description of Neorhadinorhynchus nudus (Acanthocephala: Cavisomidae) from fish in the pacific coast of Vietnam, with notes on biogeography. Syst Parasitol 2024; 101:23. [PMID: 38407667 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-023-10139-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Neorhadinorhynchus nudus (Harada, 1938) Yamaguti, 1939 (Cavisomidae) was morphologically described from the frigate tuna Auxis thazard (Lacépède) (Scombridae) in Nha Trang, Pacific south Vietnam. Females of N. nudus were fully described for the first time in the Pacific. Its original inadequate description as Rhadinorhynchus nudus (Harada, 1938) was corrected in material from Fiji Island, the Red Sea and Pacific Vietnam and errors in the text and line drawings of Harada were repeated in subsequent major publications where it underwent considerable nomenclature changes. New descriptive and biogeographical notes are included. We also provided here the molecular characterization of the nuclear gene (18S) and the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) sequence data of N. nudus. Furthermore, to elucidate the phylogenetic relationship of N. nudus within the family Cavisomidae and with other isolates were performed incorporating nuclear (18S) and mitochondrial (cox1) sequence data using maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI). The phylogenetic results showed that N. nudus has a relationship with other isolates of the same species and the median-joining network showed the pattern of haplotypes that reflected the structure of the populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda, # 2-419, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA.
| | - Anshu Chaudhary
- Molecular Taxonomy Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, 250004, India
| | - Meysam Sharifdini
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Hridaya S Singh
- Molecular Taxonomy Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, 250004, India
- Maa Shakumbhari University, Punwarka, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 247120, India
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Amin OM, Chaudhary A, Farrer S, Lofaro A, Singh HS. The discovery of Moniliformis saudi (Acanthocephala: Moniliformidae) in the Algerian hedgehog Atelerix algirus in Malta: morphological, molecular, and metal analyses. Syst Parasitol 2024; 101:12. [PMID: 38194150 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-023-10128-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The acanthocephalan Moniliformis saudi Amin, Heckmann, Mohammed, Evans, 2016 was originally described from the desert hedgehog, Paraechinus aethiopicus (Ehrenberg) in central Saudi Arabia. The distribution of P. aethiopicus extends to North Africa and west to Mauritania. Moniliformis saudi was recently found in the Algerian hedgehog Atelerix algirus (Lereboullet) in Malta. The distribution of A. algirus is restricted to the North African and east Iberian Mediterranean coast and associated islands. Both host species cohabit and share the same feeding grounds in northern Algeria where common infections appear to take place. The morphology of specimens from both acanthocephalan populations was similar, with minor variations mostly related to the relatively larger Maltese specimens especially the trunk and the male reproductive system. Taxonomic features like the cone-shaped anterior trunk, size and formula of proboscis and hooks, the receptacle, size and shape of eggs, anatomy of the apical proboscis sensory pores, and the stellate body wall giant nuclei were, however, practically identical. SEM and microscope images of specimens of the Maltese population emphasize their qualitative characteristics such as the degree of the extreme spiral muscle development and the development of the posterior nucleated pouches of the proboscis receptacle. Proboscis hooks of specimens from both the Maltese and the Saudi populations had similarly high levels (percent weights) of calcium, moderate levels of phosphorus, and minimal levels of sulfur, magnesium and sodium marking the diagnostic value of the Energy Dispersive x-ray analysis in species recognition. Newly generated partial sequences of the 18S ribosomal RNA and cytochrome C oxidase subunit 1 (Cox1) of the mitochondrial gene were generated from M. saudi from Malta. Moniliformis saudi from Malta, when compared with other available sequences of the same species isolates available in the GenBank database, formed a strongly supported clade with other congeners. The comparison of the molecular profiles of specimens from populations in Malta, Spain, and Saudi Arabia shows no or low genetic variation between them. Ultimately, we provide a morphological and molecular description of a new population of M. saudi from a new host species in a new geographical location, vastly exceeding the originally described ones from Saudi Arabia. A Cox 1 haplotype network inferred with 10 sequences revealed the presence of eight haplotypes, one of which was shared between the populations of Malta and Spain of M. saudi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda 2-419, Scottsdale, Arizona, 85259, USA.
| | - Anshu Chaudhary
- Molecular Taxonomy Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, 250004, India
| | - Solinus Farrer
- Department of Biology, 401 WIDB, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Angelique Lofaro
- Wildlife Rescue Team Malta, Nature Trust-FEE Malta, Valletta, Malta
| | - Hirdaya S Singh
- Molecular Taxonomy Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, 250004, India
- Maa Shakumbhari University, Punwarka, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 247120, India
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Amin OM, Rodríguez SM, Farrer S, Fierro P, Garcés C, Rivera F, D’Elía G. Review of the concept of Profilicollis Meyer, 1931 with a description of Profilicollis rancoensis n. sp. (Acanthocephala: Polymorphidae) from the freshwater crab, Aegla abtao Schmitt, 1942 (Decapoda: Anomura) in Chile, with a key to congeneric species. Parasite 2023; 30:42. [PMID: 37855712 PMCID: PMC10586241 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2023042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Profilicollis rancoensis n. sp. is the tenth species of Profilicollis Meyer, 1931 which includes 9 other species mostly known from marine decapod crabs and shore birds. Cystacanths of P. rancoensis are described from the dominant freshwater crab Aegla abtao in Ranco Lake, Chile and are morphologically distinguished from cystacanths of the 9 other species based on a combination of 4 characters. These are body size, number of proboscis hook rows, number of hooks per row, and length of the largest anterior 2-4 hooks. Male and female cystacanths of P. rancoensis are 2.10-3.33 mm long having an ovoid proboscis with 14 rows of 6-7 hooks per row, with the largest anterior 2-4 hooks being 105-110 micrometers long; the anterior trunk has many small spines in 70-80 concentric rings, each with 50-60 spines around them; hook roots are simple, directed posteriorly, about as long as the blades anteriorly with unremarkable anterior manubria; the cephalic ganglion are in mid-receptacle just anterior to the level of the anterior trunk; the lemnisci are long and slender; the testes are in the anterior trunk, posterior trunk, or one in each; the primordia of 2 tubular cement glands are evident; strong bundles of fibers link the anterior and posterior trunk; and the posterior trunk has a corrugated surface cuticula. Molecular analysis (COI and 18S) sequences coincided with the morphology and support its taxonomy. The phylogenetic profile revealed that P. rancoensis n. sp. fell into the Profilicollis clade. Both sequences showed low genetic variation, and three different haplotypes were found. The new species was more closely related to P. botulus (Van Cleave, 1916) Witenberg, 1932 than to other Profilicollis species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M. Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases 11445 E. Via Linda 2-419 Scottsdale AZ 85259 USA
| | - Sara M. Rodríguez
- Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción Alonso de Ribera 2850 Concepción CP 4030000 Chile
- Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad (CIRENYS), Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins Avenida Viel 1497 Santiago de Chile CP 8370993 Chile
| | - Solinus Farrer
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University 1114 MLBM Provo UT 84602 USA
| | - Pablo Fierro
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile Campus Isla Teja s/n Valdivia CP 509000 Chile
- Núcleo Milenio de Salmones Invasores (INVASAL), Barrio Universitario s/n Concepción CP 403000 Chile
| | - Cristóbal Garcés
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile Campus Isla Teja s/n Valdivia CP 509000 Chile
| | - Felipe Rivera
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Brigham Young University Provo UT 84602 USA
| | - Guillermo D’Elía
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile Campus Isla Teja s/n Valdivia CP 509000 Chile
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Amin OM, Chaudhary A, Sharifdini M, Singh HS. The elevation of a unique population of Corynosoma strumosum (Acanthocephala: Polymorphidae) from the Caspian seal, Pusa caspica, in the Caspian Sea to Corynosoma neostrumosum n. sp. - CORRIGENDUM. J Helminthol 2023; 97:e74. [PMID: 37807853 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x23000627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
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Amin OM, Chaudhary A, Singh HS. Redescription of Illiosentis cetratus Van Cleave, 1945 (Acanthocephala: Illiosentidae) from Menticirrhus undulatus (Girard) in California, with notes on Illiosentis furcatus from Peru. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 2023; 70:2023.018. [PMID: 37933180 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2023.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Illiosentis Van Cleave et Lincicome, 1939 initially included two species: Illiosentis furcatus Van Cleave et Lincicome, 1939 found in the West Atlantic from Cape Cod in Massachusetts, USA to northern Argentina and Illiosentis cetratus Van Cleave, 1945 with restricted distribution in the Pacific coast of southern California. We are reporting I. furcatus from Peru for the first time and describe a population of I. cetratus from the California corbina, Menticirrhus undulatus (Girard), from southern California. The proboscis hook formula was 14 longitudinal rows for I. furcatus of 18-23 hooks each compared to 16 rows of 19-24 hooks each reported by Van Cleave (1945). We complete the inadequate description of I. cetratus with new information on sexual differentiation in the length of the trunk, dorsal vs. ventral hooks, hook roots, trunk spines, two types of anterior recurved rooted hooks vs. posterior rootless straight hooks, measurements of dorsal and ventral hooks and spines, shape of hook roots, terminal position of the female gonopore, and of position of the cephalic ganglion at the anterior margin of the trunk. We also include new details of the reproductive system in both sexes including Saefftigen's pouch and cement gland ducts. We present new SEM and light microscope images. The Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA) shows a high level of sulfur in anterior, middle and posterior hooks in various hook sites, as well as spectra of hook tips with a higher relative concentration of sulfur compared to other hook sites. For the placement of I. cetratus, phylogenetic analysis of sequences of three molecular markers, 18S, 28S rRNA and mitochondrial cox 1 genes, was performed with other related available sequences. The resulting analysis illustrated that I. cetratus was nested within a separate clade along with species of two genera, Dentitruncus truttae Sinzar, 1955 and Neotegorhynchus cyprini Lisitsyna, Xi, Orosová, Barčák et Oros, 2022 represented our species of Illiosentis separate from species of Tegorhynchus Van Cleave, 1921 (as also according to the morphology) with which the Illiosentis species were previously synonymised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Anshu Chaudhary
- Molecular Taxonomy Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut (Uttar Pradesh), India
| | - Hridaya S Singh
- Molecular Taxonomy Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut (Uttar Pradesh), India
- Maa Shakumbhari University, Saharanpur (Uttar Pradesh), India
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Amin OM, Chaudhary A, Shrifdini M, Singh HS. The elevation of a unique population of Corynosoma strumosum (Acanthocephala: Polymorphidae) from the Caspian seal, Pusa caspica, in the Caspian Sea to Corynosoma neostrumosum n. sp. J Helminthol 2023; 97:e66. [PMID: 37578013 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x23000354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
An isolated population of 700 specimens initially described as Corynosoma strumosum (Rudolphi, 1802) Lühe, 1904 and currently reassigned to Corynosoma neostrumosum n. sp. was collected from one young male Caspian seal, Pusa caspica (Gmelin) in the southern land-locked Caspian Sea in April 2009. Collected worms were morphologically unique compared with those reported by other observers in open waters, especially in shape and distribution of proboscis hooks and trunk spines, dorso-ventral differences in proboscis hooks and their organization, the baldness of anterior proboscis, consistently smaller size of trunk and testes, larger eggs, the rough egg topography, epidermal micropores, and variations in the female gonopore. Molecular data from the internal transcribed spacer region of rDNA and the mitochondrial cox1 gene was also provided to supplement the morphological study of the new species.
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Affiliation(s)
- O M Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda, # 2-419, Scottsdale, Arizona85259
| | - A Chaudhary
- Molecular Taxonomy Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, 250004, India
| | - M Shrifdini
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - H S Singh
- Molecular Taxonomy Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, 250004, India
- Vice Chancellor, Maa Shakumbhari University, Punwarka, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 247120, India
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Amin OM, Lisitsyna OI, Heckmann RA. Evaluating energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA) as a diagnostic tool in acanthocephalan taxonomy as evidenced in Palaeacanthocephala and Archiacanthocephala. Syst Parasitol 2023; 100:43-57. [PMID: 36224456 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-022-10069-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We have examined the anterior and middle hooks of many specimens of 3 species of acanthocephalans from Ukraine including (1) adults of Acanthocephalus ranae (Schrank, 1788) Lühe, 1911 from 4 species of frogs in 6 geographical locations, (2) adults of Southwellina hispida Van Cleave, (1925) Witenberg, 1932 from 3 species of birds in 2 geographical locations, and (3) adults and cystacanths of Sphaerirostris picae (Rudolphi, 1819) Golvan, 1956 from 1 species of birds, 1 species of lizards, and 1 species of mammals in 2 geographical locations, to analyze their Ca, S, and P spectra using Energy dispersive x_ray analysis (EDXA), and account for their intraspecific variabilities. Adults of each of A. ranae from frogs and adults of S. hispida from birds each showed comparable metal spectra irrespective of host species and geography, especially when metal weight percent figures are averaged. In S. picae, 5 adult specimens from birds had comparable spectra but the cystacanth from hedgehog, a mammal, had particularly dissimilar pattern with much lower levels of P and Ca. We have also studied the EDXA patterns in anterior, middle and posterior hooks of cystacanths, juveniles, and adults of Moniliformis kalahariensis Meyer, 1931 much lower levels of P and Ca. in South Africa, Botswana, and India collected from their invertebrate intermediate and vertebrate definitive hosts to examine the EDXA profiles. Our conclusions were comparable to those reached from the Ukrainian material with the additional emphasis on the importance of using the same developmental stage in comparing interspecific EDXA profiles. The importance of the stability of the levels of S in various developmental stages across the host species barrier is exemplified by its relationship to the genetically based protein synthesis, which gives credibility to the usage of EDXA for diagnostic purposes. Our findings show that EDXA is a useful tool to characterize the taxonomic identity of species of Acanthocephala providing that (1) a population of a number of individual specimens are analyzed and average weight percent figures of metals are used for comparisons, and (2) comparisons are made using specimens of the same developmental stage and from hosts of the same class of vertebrate. When these conditions are met, the metal spectra for each species will prove valid for diagnostic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda 2-419, Scottsdale, AR., 85259, USA.
| | - Olga I Lisitsyna
- I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology NAS of Ukraine, B. Khmelnytsky Street, 15, 01030, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Richard A Heckmann
- Department of Biology, 401 WIDB, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
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Amin OM, Chaudhary A, Heckmann RA, Swenson J, Singh HS. Redescription and Molecular Characterization of Pachysentis canicola Meyer, 1931 (Acanthocephala: Oligacanthorhynchidae) from the Maned Wolf, Chrysocyon brachyurus (Illiger, 1815) in Texas. Acta Parasitol 2022; 67:275-287. [PMID: 34345996 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-021-00458-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The original description of Pachysentis canicola Meyer, 1931 was based on an unknown number of specimens from an undetermined species of Canis in Brazil from the Berlin Museum. It has since been reported from other carnivores in South and North America. Our specimens from the maned wolf, Chrysocyon brachyurus (Illiger, 1815), in Texas, represent a new host record, and has shed more light on morphometric characteristics missing from the original description, and expanded the range of variations in characters that remained fixed since 1931 and that have been repeated in other taxonomic accounts. We have found additional specimens in striped skunk, Mephitis mephitis Schreber, also in Texas. METHODS We have performed metal analysis on hooks using EDXA (energy dispersive X-ray analysis). Sequences for the 18S gene and ITS1-5.8-ITS2 region of rDNA were generated to molecularly characterize the species for the first time. RESULTS Worms with a massive trunk and a globular proboscis with prominent dome-like apical organ and 12 irregular spiral rows of 4-5 hooks deeply embedded in cuticular folds each, totaling 48-60 hooks. We have included line drawings of the male and female reproductive systems, among other structures, also missing from the original and subsequent descriptions. We describe a new population of P. canicola from Texas and report on the metal analysis of its hooks using EDXA. We also assess the phylogenetic position of P. canicola supporting its independent status in the family Oligacanthorhynchidae, inferred from the two molecular markers. CONCLUSIONS This is the foremost molecular characterization of any species of Pachysentis and will provide significant insights and reference for future molecular study of species of Pachysentis, especially from this newly described Texas population.
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Rodríguez SM, Amin OM, Heckmann RA, Sharifdini M, D'Elía G. Phylogeny and Life Cycles of the Archiacanthocephala with a Note on the Validity of Mediorhynchus gallinarum. Acta Parasitol 2022; 67:369-379. [PMID: 34618302 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-021-00472-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The molecular profile of specimens of Mediorhynchus gallinarum (Bhalero, 1937) collected from chickens, Gallus gallus L. in Indonesia was analysed. The aim of this study was to assess the phylogenetic position of species of Mediorhynchus within the order Giganthorhynchida. METHODS We used one mitochondrial gene (cytochrome oxidase 1) and one nuclear gene (18S ribosomal RNA) to infer phylogenetic relationships of class Archiacanthocephala. RESULTS The COI and 18S rDNA genes sequences showed that M. gallinarum had low genetic variation and that this species is sister to Mediorhynchus africanus Amin, Evans, Heckmann, El-Naggar, 2013. The phylogenetic relationships of the Class Archiacanthocephala showed that it is not resolved but, however, were mostly congruent using both genes. A review of host-parasite life cycles and geographic distributions of Archiacanthocephala indicates that mainly small mammals and birds are definitive hosts, while termites, cockroaches, and millipedes are intermediate hosts. CONCLUSIONS While the intermediate hosts have wide geographic distributions, the narrow distribution of the definitive hosts limit the access of archiacanthocephalans to a wider range of prospective hosts. Additional analyses, to increase taxonomic and character sampling will improve the development of a robust phylogeny and provide more stable classification. The results presented here contribute to better understanding of the ecological and evolutionary relationships that allow the host-parasite co-existence within the class Archiacanthocephala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Rodríguez
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Isla Teja s/n, Valdivia, Chile.
| | - Omar M Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda 2-419, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | | | - Meysam Sharifdini
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Guillermo D'Elía
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Isla Teja s/n, Valdivia, Chile
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Amin OM, Rodríguez SM, Rubtsova N, Heckmann RA, Peña C, Castro T, Rivera F, D'Elía G. A comparative assessment of the morphology of Profilicollis altmani (Acanthocephala, Polymorphidae) from crustaceans and shore birds in Peru, with special notes on hook elemental analysis (EDXA), SEM imaging, histopathology, and molecular profile. Parasite 2022; 29:9. [PMID: 35191831 PMCID: PMC8862641 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2022005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The morphology of cystacanths and adults of Profilicollis altmani (Perry, 1942) Van Cleave, 1947 (Polymorphidae) were studied from the Pacific mole crab Emerita analoga (Stimpson) (Crustacea, Hippidae) and Belcher's gull Larus belcheri (Vigors) (Aves, Laridae), respectively, in Peru. Comparative morphometrics with accounts of other populations of P. altmani from elsewhere off the Pacific and Atlantic coasts of North and South America revealed marked intraspecific population variations. We report scanning electron micrographs (SEM) of new features, not before noted or captured in line drawings by earlier observers. We further present microscope images that reveal internal details not previously reported or possible to see with SEM. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA) revealed unusual patterns in the chemistry of proboscis hooks especially the high sulfur and diminished phosphorous and calcium in hook tips and low sulfur and high levels of phosphorous and calcium at mid hooks. The size and shape of all hooks of the cystacanths are reported for the first time. Histopathological studies in L. belcheri from Peru are also included. Cystacanths of P. altmani from California were also analyzed for molecular patterns and compared with other sequences reported from other locations. The molecular data and the analysis of our new sequences of cytochrome oxidase I (COI) showed that haplotypes of P. altmani had low genetic variation; the species is not geographically structured, and within its clade no monophyletic group is formed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda 2-419, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | - Sara M Rodríguez
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Isla Teja s/n, Valdivia 509000, Chile
| | - Nataliya Rubtsova
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda 2-419, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | | | - César Peña
- Departamento de Acuicultura, Facultad de Oceanografía y Pesquería, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Francia 726, Miraflores, Lima 15007, Perú
| | - Teresa Castro
- Laboratorio de Patobiología Acuática, Dirección General de Investigaciones en Acuicultura, Instituto del Mar del Perú (IMARPE), Esquina Gamarra y General Valle s/n. Casilla Postal 22, Callao, Perú
| | - Felipe Rivera
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Guillermo D'Elía
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Isla Teja s/n, Valdivia 509000, Chile
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Amin OM, Peña C, Castro T. An Unusual Type of Neoechinorhynchus cylindratus (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) from Gambusia affinis in Peru, with Notes on Introductions. Acta Parasitol 2021; 66:1229-1239. [PMID: 33886040 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-021-00392-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neoechinorhynchus cylindratus Van Cleave (Zoo Anz 43: 177-1990, 1913) Van Cleave (Ill Natl Hist Surv Bull 13:225-257, 1919) is a North American acanthocephalan originally described from Micropterus salmoides (Lacépède) in Pelican Lake, Minnesota. It is common in Centrarchids but also not infrequent in fishes of other families. PURPOSE A unique population of N. cylindratus was discovered in Peru. It needed to be described and its introduction into Peru investigated. METHODS Standard processing of specimens and staining in Borax carmine and fast green for creating whole mounts were employed. Literature sources were available from the OMA personal collection. RESULTS The descriptive accounts of N. cylindratus have been rather stable over the years since its original description. It has been, however, oddly identified from Gambusia affinis (Baird and Girard) in Peru. Females of the Peruvian specimens were, however, not typical in having a terminal-near terminal gonopore at odds with the sub-ventral position characteristic of the usual populations of N. cylindratus in North America. We describe the Peruvian material and outline the distinct morphological variations from the North American populations in the position of the female gonopore, among other characters. We also explain its introduction into Peru and the translocation of the position of female gonopore to the terminal position. CONCLUSIONS The translocation to the terminal position of the female gonopore in the Peruvian material is attributed to host related developmental factors. The route of introduction of N. cylindratus into Peru through the introduction of G. affinis from the United States has been accounted for. It may be comparable to the introduction of the same acanthocephalan species into northern Mexico via the documented introduction of its primary host, M. salmoides, also from the United States into Mexico in 1930. The introduction of Acanthocephalus dirus Van Cleave (Ill Natl Hist Surv Bull 13:225-257, 1919) (Van Cleave and Townsend, 1936) into Mexico is also discussed.
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Amin OM, Heckmann RA, Dallarés S, Constenla M, Kuzmina T. Morphological and molecular description of a distinct population of Echinorhynchus gadi Zoega in Müller, 1776 (Paleacanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) from the pacific halibut Hippoglossus stenolepis Schmidt in Alaska. Acta Parasitol 2021; 66:881-898. [PMID: 33686523 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-021-00361-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Echinorhynchus gadi is one of the most widely distributed and commonly described acanthocephalans in marine fishes throughout the world. We provide a detailed morphometric and molecular description of a distinct Alaska population collected from the Pacific halibut Hippoglossus stenolepis Schmidt (Pleuronectidae) compared to those from other hosts and regions, illustrating new features never previously reported. METHODS We described new specimens by microscopical studies, augmented by SEM, Energy Dispersive x-ray and molecular analyses, and histopathology. RESULTS Specimens from Alaska were distinguished from those collected from the other geographical areas in proboscis size and its armature, especially number of hook rows and hooks per row, and length of hooks. The size of the receptacle, lemnisci, and reproductive structures in some other collections also varied from the Alaska material. X-ray scans of the gallium cut hooks depict prominent layering with high Sulfur content for tip cuts and increased calcium and phosphorus content in the base area of the hook. Sections of E. gadi specimens in the host tissue show prominent hook entanglement with subsequent connective tissue invasion also depicting the internal anatomy of certain worm structures not readily seen by other means. Molecular analyses clearly confirmed the identity of our E. gadi sequences. CONCLUSION Our Alaska population of the E. gadi complex appears to represent a novel population distinguishable by its distinct morphometrics, geography and host species. We further establish new information on the Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis in our Alaska material for future comparisons with the other siblings and explore genetic relationships among echinorhynchid genera and species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda 2-419, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA.
| | | | - Sara Dallarés
- Department of Animal Biology, Vegetal Biology and Ecology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Constenla
- Department of Animal Biology, Vegetal Biology and Ecology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola, Barcelona, Spain
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Amin OM, Heckmann RA, Sist B, Basso WU. A Review of the Parasite Fauna of the Black-Bellied Pangolin, Phataginus tetradactyla LIN. (Manidae), From Central Africa with the Description of Intraproboscis sanghae n. gen., n. sp. (Acanthocephala: Gigantorhynchidae). J Parasitol 2021; 107:222-238. [PMID: 33711161 DOI: 10.1645/20-126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A new archiacanthocephalan in the family Gigantorhynchidae, Intraproboscis sanghae n. gen., n. sp. is described from females collected from the African black-bellied pangolin Phataginus tetradactyla Linn. (Manidae) in the Central African Republic. A dichotomous key to the genera of Gigantorhynchidae is provided. The specimens presented are distinct from those of the genus Gigantorhynchus Hamann, 1892 that have only 1 or 2 circles of hooks (crowns) at the apical end of the proboscis and are found in South American mammals, except for Gigantorhynchus pesteri Tadros, 1966 from baboons in Rhodesia (Zimbabwe), Africa (Amin, 2013). They superficially resemble those of the other gigantorhynchid genus Mediorhynchus Van Cleave, 1916, especially in the organization of the truncate-cone proboscis and the position of the receptacle. Species of Mediorhynchus are bird parasites. The new genus, Intraproboscis, now the third genus in Gigantorhynchidae; however, is distinguished from Mediorhynchus by having a simple proboscis receptacle that is completely suspended within the proboscis, the passage of the retractor muscles through the receptacle into the body cavity posteriorly, absence of neck, and presence of a parareceptacle structure (first finding in the Archiacanthocephala) and a uterine vesicle; among other features, including the differential dorsoventral thickness of the body wall. The receptacle in Mediorhynchus is complex, with many accessory muscles and retractor muscles passing into the body cavity dorsally and ventrally. Our specimens reached 180 mm in length and the proboscis had 34-36 rows of 6-7 ventrally lamellated, rooted hooks each anteriorly, and 15-17 spinelike hooks each posteriorly. Micropores extended into the anterior and posterior proboscis and energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDXA) of anterior hooks showed high levels of calcium and phosphorus but negligible traces of sulfur. Spinelike hooks in the posterior proboscis had lower levels of Ca and P and slightly higher levels of S. Molecular and phylogenetic analyses based on the 18S rDNA gene placed I. sanghae in a clade with the archiacanthocephalans Mediorhynchus, Moniliformis, Macracanthorhynchus, Oncicola, and Oligacanthorhynchus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 East Via Linda 2-419, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259
| | - Richard A Heckmann
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, 1114 MLBM, Provo, Utah 84602
| | - Birgit Sist
- Sangha Pangolin Project, Dzanga Sangha Protected Area, C.A.R., Hagenstrasse 50/11, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Walter U Basso
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
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Chaudhary A, Amin OM, Heckmann R, Singh HS. The Molecular Profile of Rhadinorhynchus dorsoventrospinosus Amin, Heckmann, and Ha 2011 (Acanthocephala: Rhadinorhynchidae) from Vietnam. J Parasitol 2021; 106:418-427. [PMID: 32589731 DOI: 10.1645/18-144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Of the 46 known species of Rhadinorhynchus Lühe, 1911, only 6 species, including Rhadinorhynchus dorsoventrospinosus Amin, Heckmann, and Ha, 2011, have dorsal and ventral, as well as lateral, trunk spines in the posterior field of trunk spines. The other 5 species are Rhadinorhynchus erumei Gupta and Fatima, 1981, Rhadinorhynchus adenati (Golvan and Houin, 1964) Golvan, 1969, Rhadinorhynchus lintoni Cable and Linderoth, 1963, Rhadinorhynchus pacificus Amin, Rubtsova, and Ha, 2019, and Rhadinorhynchus multispinosus Amin, Rubtsova, and Ha, 2019. These 5 species are distinguished from R. dorsoventrospinosus by differences in proboscis hook armature, trunk spine organization, and egg size. The distinction of R. dorsoventrospinosus is further demonstrated by its molecular description. We amplified the 18S and ITS1+5.8S+ITS2 rDNA region and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene for this study. Unfortunately, no ITS1+5.8S+ITS2 gene sequences are available for comparison with other species of the genus Rhadinorhynchus. Therefore, phylogenetic trees generated from sequences of the 18S nuclear region and COI gene were analyzed for the phylogenetic position of isolates of R. dorsoventrospinosus. Rhadinorhynchus dorsoventrospinosus has been validated as a species based on comparisons of morphological (original description) and molecular features (this paper). The additional genetic data will be useful as more species are described and as more genetic material becomes available to improve taxon sampling in the genetic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshu Chaudhary
- Molecular Taxonomy Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut (U.P.), 250004, India
| | - Omar M Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda 2-419, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259
| | - Richard Heckmann
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, 1114 MLBM, Provo, Utah 84602
| | - Hridaya S Singh
- Molecular Taxonomy Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut (U.P.), 250004, India
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Amin OM, Sharifdini M, Heckmann RA, Rubtsova N, Chine HJ. On the Neoechinorhynchus agilis (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) complex, with a description of Neoechinorhynchus ponticus n. sp. from Chelon auratus in the Black Sea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 27:48. [PMID: 32701053 PMCID: PMC7377084 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2020044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We recognize four species in the Neoechinorhynchus agilis complex. We studied specimens of Neoechinorhynchus (Hebesoma) personatus Tkach, Sarabeev & Shvetsova, 2014 from Mugil cephalus in the Mediterranean Sea off Tunisia and in the Black Sea, and also specimens of Neoechinorhynchus ponticus n. sp. from Chelon auratus Risso in the Black Sea. Specimens from M. cephalus at both locations were similar. All structures of N. ponticus n. sp. were considerably smaller than those of N. personatus. Two other species of the N. agilis complex are recognized: Neoechinorhynchus agilis (Rudolphi, 1819) sensu stricto from various hosts in the Atlantic and the Mediterranean, and Neoechinorhynchus yamagutii Tkach, Sarabeev & Shvetsova, 2014 from M. cephalus and Planiliza haematocheila in the Pacific, especially the Sea of Japan. Neoechinorhynchus dimorphospinus Amin & Sey, 1996 from marine fish in the Persian Gulf and the Pacific Ocean off Vietnam may be a candidate for membership in the N. agilis complex. X-ray scans of gallium cut and intact hooks of N. personatus and N. ponticus showed differences in the mineral content of hooks with higher sulfur levels in smaller hooks and in hooks from specimens in the Black Sea compared to specimens from the Mediterranean. The relatively high genetic differences between N. ponticus n. sp. and other species of Neoechinorhynchus using a partial 18S rDNA dataset support its independent status. Neoechinorhynchus ponticus n. sp. and N. personatus have a common ancestor with species of Neoechinorhynchus collected from saltwater fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda # 2-419, Scottsdale, 85259 AZ, USA
| | - Meysam Sharifdini
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, 3363 Rasht, Iran
| | - Richard A Heckmann
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, 1114 MLBM, Provo, 84602 UT, USA
| | - Nataliya Rubtsova
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda # 2-419, Scottsdale, 85259 AZ, USA
| | - Halima Jmii Chine
- University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Laboratory of Diversity, Management and Conservation of Biological Systems, LR18ES06 Tunis, Tunisia
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Amin OM, Heckmann RA, Dallarés S, Constenla M, Van Ha N. Morphological and Molecular Description of Rhadinorhynchus hiansi Soota and Bhattacharya, 1981 (Acanthocephala: Rhadinorhynchidae) from Marine Fish off the Pacific Coast of Vietnam. J Parasitol 2020; 106:56-70. [PMID: 31995719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhadinorhynchus hiansi Soota and Bhattacharya, 1981 , has remained unknown since its original incomplete description from 2 male specimens collected from the flat needlefish Ablennes hians Valenciennes (Belonidae) off Trivandrum, Kerala, India. Recent collections of fishes along the Pacific coast of Vietnam in 2016 and 2017 produced many specimens of the same species from the striped bonito Sarda orientalis Temminck and Schlegel (Scombridae) off the southern Pacific coast of Vietnam at Nha Trang. We describe females for the first time, assign a female allotype status, and provide an expanded description of males from a larger collection completing missing information on hooks and hook roots, receptacle, lemnisci, cement glands, Saefftigen's pouch, and trunk spines. Specimens of R. hiansi characteristically have no dorsal spines in the posterior field of trunk spines and a long proboscis with 36-48 dorso-ventrally differentiated proboscis hooks per row becoming progressively smaller posteriorly then increasing in size near the posterior end to a maximum at the posterior-most ring. Trunk, testes, and lemnisci in our specimens were considerably larger than those reported in the original description, but the proboscis was relatively smaller. The females had long reproductive system and corrugated elliptic eggs without polar prolongation of fertilization membrane. Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDXA) demonstrates high levels of calcium and phosphorus in large gallium cut hooks and high levels of sulfur in tip cuts of large and small hooks and in spines. This EDXA pattern is a characteristic fingerprint of R. hiansi. The molecular profile of R. hiansi is described from 18S rDNA and COI genes, and phylogenetic relationships with most closely related species are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda 2-419, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259
| | - Richard A Heckmann
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, 1114 MLBM, Provo, Utah 84602
| | - Sara Dallarés
- Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Constenla
- Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nguyen Van Ha
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources (IEBR), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Amin OM, Heckmann RA, Dallarés S, Constenla M, Van Ha N. Morphological and Molecular Description of Rhadinorhynchus hiansi Soota and Bhattacharya, 1981 (Acanthocephala: Rhadinorhynchidae) from Marine Fish off the Pacific Coast of Vietnam. J Parasitol 2020. [DOI: 10.1645/19-97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Omar M. Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda 2-419, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259
| | - Richard A. Heckmann
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, 1114 MLBM, Provo, Utah 84602
| | - Sara Dallarés
- Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Constenla
- Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nguyen Van Ha
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources (IEBR), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Amin OM, Rodríguez SM, Heckmann RA. Morphological updates and molecular description of Heterosentis holospinus Amin, Heckmann, & Ha, 2011 (Acanthocephala, Arhythmacanthidae) in the Pacific Ocean off Vietnam. Parasite 2019; 26:73. [PMID: 31855174 PMCID: PMC6921964 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2019072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterosentis holospinus Amin, Heckmann & Ha, 2011 (Arhythmacanthidae) was first described from the striped eel catfish, Plotosus lineatus (Plotosidae) in Halong Bay, Vietnam. New morphological information, scanning electron microscope images, molecular analysis, and Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA) of hooks of specimens of H. holospinus from a new collection from the common ponyfish, Leiognathus equulus (Leiognathidae), in Quang Binh, Gulf of Tonkin, Vietnam are reported here for the first time. Additional details of the anterior trunk cone, proboscis hooks, wholly spined trunk, duck-bill-like spines with micropores, and micropore distribution, are described. The unique metal composition of hooks (EDXA) demonstrated a considerably higher level of calcium and phosphorus but lower level of sulfur at the hook basal arch than at the hook tip and edge. An analysis of our new sequences of cytochrome oxidase 1 (COI) showed that H. holospinus had low genetic variation and two haplotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda 2-419, 85259 Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Sara M Rodríguez
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile Campus Isla Teja s/n, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Richard A Heckmann
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, 1114 MLBM, 84602 Provo, UT, USA
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Amin OM, Heckmann RA, Fiser Z, Zaksek V, Herlyn H, Kostanjsek R. Description of Acanthocephalus anguillae balkanicus subsp. n. (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) from Proteus anguinus Laurenti (Amphibia: Proteidae) and the cave ecomorph of Asellus aquaticus (Crustacea: Asellidae) in Slovenia. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 2019; 66. [PMID: 31617498 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2019.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Acanthocephalus balkanicus Batchvarov et Combes, 1974 was incompletely described from the northern crested newt, Triturus cristatus (Laurenti) (Amphibia: Salamandridae), a possible synonym of the Balkan crested newt, Triturus ivanbureschi Arntzen et Wielstra, from a pond in village of Pesnopoy, southern Bulgaria. We provide a full description of adult males and females of the same taxon from the olm, Proteus anguinus Laurenti (Amphibia: Proteidae), the only exclusively aquatic cave-dwelling vertebrate in Europe, captured in Postojna-Planina Cave System in Slovenia. Cystacanths were also collected from the cave ecomorph of Asellus aquaticus (Linnaeus) (Crustacea: Asellidae) in the same location. Molecular analysis of specimens from Slovenia revealed that they are genetically almost identical to those of Acanthocephalus anguillae (Müller, 1780), a common parasite of European freshwater fishes. We propose to recognise the morphological and host differences by describing A. balkanicus as a new subspecies of A. anguillae. Acanthocephalus anguillae balkanicus is rather small and cylindrical with cylindrical proboscis having 10 rows of 6 hooks with simple roots each, long neck, large balloon-shaped lemnisci, small spherical anterior testis, and 6 club-shaped cement glands in 3 pairs. SEM images reveal more morphological details and the X-ray scans of gallium cut hooks shows considerably higher levels of phosphorus and calcium in adult hooks than in cystacanth hooks, especially in basal areas. Sulfur levels were higher in the arch and basal area of cystacanth hooks than adult hooks. Considering that both definitive and intermediate hosts of the Slovenian population of this acanthocephalan are bound to cave life, it is possible that its entire life cycle is uniquely completed underground.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA; 2
| | | | - Ziga Fiser
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Valerija Zaksek
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Holger Herlyn
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Anthropology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Rok Kostanjsek
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Amin OM, Sharifdini M, Heckmann R, Ha NV. On Three Species of Neoechinorhynchus (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) from the Pacific Ocean Off Vietnam with the Molecular Description of Neoechinorhynchus (N.) Dimorphospinus Amin and Sey, 1996. J Parasitol 2019. [DOI: 10.1645/19-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Omar M. Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda 2-419, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259
| | - Meysam Sharifdini
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Richard Heckmann
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, 1114 MLBM, Provo, Utah 84602
| | - Negyen V. Ha
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources (IEBR), Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Amin OM, Sharifdini M, Heckmann R, Ha NV. On Three Species of Neoechinorhynchus (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) from the Pacific Ocean off Vietnam with the Molecular Description of Neoechinorhynchus ( N.) dimorphospinus Amin and Sey, 1996. J Parasitol 2019; 105:606-618. [PMID: 31418649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Specimens of 3 species of Neoechinorhynchus Stiles and Hassall, 1905, were collected from a number of species of marine fish along the Pacific coast of Vietnam. New information is added to the descriptions of Neoechinorhynchus (Neoechinorhynchus) longnucleatus Amin, Ha, and Ha, 2011, and its wider host and geographical distribution are reported. Similarly, more descriptive information and host and geographical records are added to our knowledge of Neoechinorhynchus (Hebosoma) manubrianus Amin, Ha, and Ha, 2011, and Neoechinorhynchus (Neoechinorhynchus) dimorphospinus Amin and Sey, 1996 . The latter species was previously known only from the Persian Gulf. The presence of the para-receptacle structure was documented in all 3 species of Neoechinorhynchus reported. The molecular characterization of N. dimorphospinus was carried out using a partial 18S rDNA sequence. The phylogenetic analysis showed that most species of Neoechinorhynchus are very closely related, while N. dimorphospinus was distinct from others in the tree. Metal analysis of hooks of N. dimorphospinus using Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis also distinguished its characteristic finger print of high phosphorus and calcium and low sulfur levels.
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MESH Headings
- Acanthocephala/classification
- Acanthocephala/genetics
- Acanthocephala/isolation & purification
- Acanthocephala/ultrastructure
- Animals
- DNA, Helminth/chemistry
- DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry
- Female
- Fish Diseases/epidemiology
- Fish Diseases/parasitology
- Fishes
- Helminthiasis, Animal/epidemiology
- Helminthiasis, Animal/parasitology
- Male
- Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
- Pacific Ocean/epidemiology
- Phylogeny
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- RNA, Helminth/genetics
- RNA, Ribosomal, 18S/genetics
- Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission
- Vietnam
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Amin
- 1 Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda 2-419, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259
| | - Meysam Sharifdini
- 2 Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Richard Heckmann
- 3 Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, 1114 MLBM, Provo, Utah 84602
| | - Negyen V Ha
- 4 Department of Parasitology, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources (IEBR), Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Amin OM, Chaudhary A, Heckmann R, Ha NV, Singh HS. Redescription and molecular analysis of Neoechinorhynchus (Neoechinorhynchus) johnii Yamaguti, 1939 (Acanthocephala, Neoechinorhynchidae) from the Pacific Ocean off Vietnam. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 26:43. [PMID: 31335314 PMCID: PMC6650202 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2019041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Neoechinorhynchus (Neoechinorhynchus) johnii Yamaguti, 1939 is redescribed from Eleutheronema tetradactylum (Polynemidae), Johnius carouna (Sciaenidae), Johnius sp., and Otolithes ruber (Sciaenidae) along the north and south coasts of Vietnam. Our description completes missing and inadequate information in the original descriptions and line drawings from Johnius goma in Japan and from Pseudosciaena diacanthus in the Indian Ocean. We add new information documented by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and photomicroscopy, and explore the wide morphological diversity attributed to host species. The redescription includes: worms cylindrical with round proboscis with prominent apical organ, and large anterior hooks distant from small middle and posterior hooks; neck longer than the proboscis, nucleated lemnisci subequal, and receptacle with large basal triangulate cephalic ganglion and attached para-receptacle structure (PRS); male reproductive system in posterior half of trunk; adult females with introvert genital vestibule; and eggs spherical or rectangular. Gallium cuts and X-ray scans of hooks show high concentrations of sulfur on edge layer aiding in forming hardened calcium phosphate apatite of that layer with calcium and phosphorus in higher concentration in central part of hook. Molecular results consistently yielded a strongly supported distinct clade for the Neoechinorhynchus species from Vietnam for both 18S gene and the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region of ribosomal RNA. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that N. johnii occupies a separate position in the trees, probably indicating an Asian origin of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda 2-419, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | - Anshu Chaudhary
- Molecular Taxonomy Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, 250004, India
| | - Richard Heckmann
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, 1114 MLBM, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Nguyen V Ha
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources (IEBR), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hridaya S Singh
- Molecular Taxonomy Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, 250004, India
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Chaudhary A, Amin OM, Singh HS. Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Relationships of Pallisentis (Brevitritospinus) Indica (Acanthocephala: Quadrigyridae), a Parasite of the Spotted Snakehead (Channa punctatus). J Parasitol 2019. [DOI: 10.1645/18-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anshu Chaudhary
- Molecular Taxonomy Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut (U.P.), 250004, India
| | - Omar M. Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda 2-419, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259
| | - Hridaya S. Singh
- Molecular Taxonomy Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut (U.P.), 250004, India
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Chaudhary A, Amin OM, Singh HS. Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Relationships of Pallisentis ( Brevitritospinus) Indica (Acanthocephala: Quadrigyridae), A Parasite of the Spotted Snakehead ( Channa punctatus). J Parasitol 2019; 105:180-185. [PMID: 30817218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Pallisentis ( Brevitritospinus) indica Mittal and Lal, 1976 was found infecting the spotted snakehead Channa punctatus Bloch and Schneider (Channidae) from Meerut, Uttar Pradesh (U.P.), India. The species was identified on the basis of proboscis hooks, trunk spines, and other structures that separate it from all described species. Molecular analysis based on 18S rDNA placed the P. indica isolates within a clade of Pallisentis spp. but distinct from other representatives of the same genus. This study documents the first molecular characterization of P. indica from India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshu Chaudhary
- 1 Molecular Taxonomy Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut (U.P.), 250004, India
| | - Omar M Amin
- 2 Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda 2-419, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259
| | - Hridaya S Singh
- 1 Molecular Taxonomy Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut (U.P.), 250004, India
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Amin OM, Heckmann RA, Van Ha N. Descriptions of two new acanthocephalans (Rhadinorhynchidae) from marine fish off the Pacific coast of Vietnam. Syst Parasitol 2018; 96:117-129. [PMID: 30523612 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-018-9833-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Two rhadinorhynchid acanthocephalans are described from marine fishes off the Pacific coast of Vietnam. Sclerocollum neorubrimaris n. sp. (Gorgorhynchinae Van Cleave & Lincicome, 1940) is described from the spine-foot rabbitfish Siganus guttatus (Bloch) (Siganidae) off Nha Trang. The new species is similar to the type-species, Sclerocollum rubrimaris Schmidt & Paperna, 1978 in most measurements and counts but has a posterior cephalic ganglion, a sub-ventral female gonopore, and one dorsal paravaginal filament bundle. In S. rubrimaris, the cephalic ganglion is near the middle of the receptacle, the female gonopore is terminal with two paravaginal filament bundles. The new species is distinguished from three other species of Sclerocollum Schmidt & Paperna, 1978 in proboscis hook formulas and the position of the female gonopore and cephalic ganglion. The issue of the importance of the position of the cephalic ganglion at the generic and sub-generic levels in the Acanthocephala is discussed. Females of Australorhynchus multispinosus n. sp. (Gorgorhynchinae) are described from the red cornetfish Fistularia petimba Lacépède off Nha Trang in the Pacific south. It is distinguished from the only other species of the genus, Australorhynchus tetramorphacanthus Lebedev, 1967, by having more trunk spines extending beyond the level of the proboscis receptacle and a smaller proboscis with considerably fewer hooks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases (IPD), 11445 E. Via Linda 2-419, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA.
| | - Richard A Heckmann
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, 1114 MLBM, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Nguyen Van Ha
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources (IEBR), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Amin OM, Heckmann RA, Ha NV. Descriptions of Acanthocephalus parallelcementglandatus (Echinorhynchidae) and Neoechinorhynchus (N.) pennahia (Neoechinorhynchidae) (Acanthocephala) from amphibians and fish in Central and Pacific coast of Vietnam, with notes on N. (N.) longnucleatus. Acta Parasitol 2018; 63:572-585. [PMID: 29975656 DOI: 10.1515/ap-2018-0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Three species of acanthocephalans are described from fishes caught in the Pacific coast off eastern Vietnam and from amphibians in the midlands in 2016: (1) Acanthocephalus parallelcementglandatus Amin, Heckmann, Ha, 2014 (Echinorhynchidae), described from 1 male specimen is now fully described from males and females collected from 2 species of amphibians, the similar frog Hylarana attigua Inger, Orlov, Darevsky and the odorous frog Odorrana sp. Fei, Ye, Huang (Ranidae) in Huong Thuy, Hue City and Chu Yang Sin Park, central Vietnam, respectively, as well as from the needlefish Tylosurus sp. Cocco (Belonidae) in Binh Thuân in the Pacific South. The allotype female is designated. Neoechinorhynchus (N.) pennahia Amin, Ha, Ha, 2011 described from 1 female specimen is now fully described from males and females collected from the Toli shad (Chinese herring), Tenualosa toli (Valenciennes) (Clupeidae) in the Pacific north coast off Haiphong. The allotype male is designated. One specimen of Neoechinorhynchus (Neoechinorhynchus) longnucleatus Amin, Ha, Ha, 2011 is also reported from the common ponyfish, Leiognathus equulus (Forssskål) (Leiognathidae) in the Pacific south coast of Nha Trang and its ecology briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda 2-419, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259, USA
| | - Richard A Heckmann
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, 1114 MLBM, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
| | - Nguyen Van Ha
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources (IEBR), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Van Ha N, Amin OM, Ngo HD, Heckmann RA. Descriptions of acanthocephalans, Cathayacanthus spinitruncatus (Rhadinorhynchidae) male and Pararhadinorhynchus magnus n. sp. (Diplosentidae), from marine fish of Vietnam, with notes on Heterosentis holospinus (Arhythmacanthidae). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 25:35. [PMID: 30040609 PMCID: PMC6057740 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2018032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Males of Cathayacanthus spinitruncatus Amin, Heckmann & Ha, 2014 (Rhadinorhynchinae Lühe, 1912) are described for the first time from Leiognathus equulus in Hai Phong and Nha Trang and from pony fish Nuchequula flavaxilla in Quang Ninh in the Pacific waters of Vietnam. The male allotype status is designated. Males of C. spinitruncatus are smaller and have fewer and smaller proboscis hooks and trunk spines than females. The male reproductive structures are in the posterior fifth of the trunk and with 6 club-shaped cement glands gradually merging into 6 independent cement gland ducts. The proboscis receptacle is more than half as long as the trunk and with a cephalic ganglion at its anterior end. In females, the receptacle is only about one fifth the length of the trunk. Specimens described as Cathayacanthus bagarii Moravec & Sey, 1989 were shown to have been wrongly assigned to Cathayacanthus. Pararhadinorhynchus magnus n. sp. (Diplosentidae) is described from Scatophagus argus off Hai Phong in the Gulf of Tonkin. It is the third species of the genus and is readily distinguished from the Australian species by having a considerably larger trunk and male reproductive structures, and more proboscis hooks. X-ray microanalysis (EDAX) of intact and gallium-cut hooks of P. magnus showed high calcium and phosphate mainly in the central core. Specimens of Heterosentis holospinus Amin, Heckmann & Ha, 2011 (Arhythmacanthidae) are also reported from L. equulus off Quang Binh, new host and locality records.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Van Ha
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources (IEBR), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Omar M Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda 2-419, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259, USA
| | - Ha Duy Ngo
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources (IEBR), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Richard A Heckmann
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, 1114 MLBM, Provo, UT 84602, USA
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Amin OM, Heckmann RA, Van Ha N. Descriptions of Neorhadinorhynchus nudum (Cavisomidae) and Heterosentis paraholospinus N. SP. (Arhythmacanthidae) (Acanthocephala) From Fish Along the Pacific Coast of Vietnam, With Notes On Biogeography. J Parasitol 2018; 104:486-495. [PMID: 29846128 DOI: 10.1645/17-176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Two species of acanthocephalans are described from fishes caught along the Pacific coast off eastern Vietnam in 2016: (1) Neorhadinorhynchus nudum ( Harada, 1938 ) Yamaguti, 1939 (Cavisomidae) from the frigate tuna Auxis thazard (Lacépède) (Scombridae) in Nha Trang, Pacific south Vietnam, and (2) Heterosentis paraholospinus n. sp. (Arhythmacanthidae) from 3 species of fish: the common ponyfish Leiognathus equulus (Forsskål) (Leiognathidae) and the torpedo scad Megalaspis cordyla (Linn.) (Carangidae) off Nha Trang and Binh Thuân, respectively, and the yellowspotted ponyfish Nuchequula flavaxilla Kimura, Kimura, and Ikejima (Leiognathidae) at Quang Ninh in Pacific waters of Vietnam. Females of N. nudum are fully described for the first time in the Pacific Ocean. Heterosentis paraholospinus n. sp. is similar to Heterosentis holospinus Amin, Heckmann, and Ha, 2011, in having an unspined anterior trunk cone, nucleated pouch at the posterior end of the receptacle, and spines covering the entire trunk, but it differs in having a long cylindrical trunk, lemnisci much longer than the receptacle, more and different-sized proboscis hooks, and subterminal female gonopore. Biogeographical notes are discussed for both genera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Amin
- 1 Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda 2-419, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259
| | - Richard A Heckmann
- 2 Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, 1114 MLBM, Provo, Utah 84602
| | - Nguyen Van Ha
- 3 Department of Parasitology, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources (IEBR), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Amin OM, Heckmann RA, Bannai MA. Cavisoma magnum (Cavisomidae), a unique Pacific acanthocephalan redescribed from an unusual host, Mugil cephalus (Mugilidae), in the Arabian Gulf, with notes on histopathology and metal analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 25:5. [PMID: 29424340 PMCID: PMC5806538 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2018006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cavisoma magnum (Southwell, 1927) Van Cleave, 1931 was originally described from a sea bass, Serranus sp. and spotted surgeonfish, Ctenochaetus strigosus (Perciformes) off Sri Lanka before its more recent redescription from milkfish in the Philippines in 1995. These reports were based on only light infections of their host fishes. Of the few flathead grey mullets, Mugil cephalus (Mugilidae), that we examined in the Arabian Gulf, one fish was infected with 1,450 worms. One milkfish, Chanos chanos (Chanidae), from the same location in the Arabian Gulf, was also heavily infected with specimens of C. magnum. The descriptions of this unique large worm are revised and for the first time, we provide SEM images, new systematic observations, metal analysis of hooks showing extremely high levels of sulfur, and histopathology in the mullet intestinal tissue. Adjustments and corrections of previous descriptive accounts are made. The histopathology studies show extensive damage to the host intestinal tissue including epithelial necrosis, hemorrhaging and worm encapsulation. There is an extensive amount of host connective tissue surrounding the worm. Results of x-ray analysis displayed high levels of sulfur in proboscis hooks, especially at the tips and edges of these attachment structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Amin
- Institute of Parasitic of Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda # 2-419, Scottsdale, AZ. 85259, USA
| | - Richard A Heckmann
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, 1114 MLBM, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Majid A Bannai
- Marine Vertebrate, Marine Science Center, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
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Amin OM, Heckmann RA, Ali AH. The Finding of Pacific Transvenid Acanthocephalan in the Arabian Gulf, with the Description ofParatrajectura longcementglandatusN. Gen., N. Sp. from Perciform Fishes and Emendation of Transvenidae. J Parasitol 2018; 104:39-50. [DOI: 10.1645/17-84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Omar M. Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda, no. 2-419, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259
| | - Richard A. Heckmann
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda, no. 2-419, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259
| | - Atheer H. Ali
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda, no. 2-419, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259
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Amin OM, Heckmann RA. Neoandracantha peruensis n. gen. n. sp. (Acanthocephala, Polymorphidae) described from cystacanths infecting the ghost crab Ocypode gaudichaudii on the Peruvian coast. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 24:40. [PMID: 29072573 PMCID: PMC5657191 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2017038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
The cystacanths of Neoandracantha peruensis n. gen. n. sp. are described from the ghost crab Ocypode gaudichaudii collected from the Pacific coast of Peru. While it is uncommon to describe acanthocephalan taxa from immature stages, the presence of clear-cut distinguishing features separating the present material from its nearest congeneric taxa, and the absence of adults, justifies the erection N. peruensis. The new genus is distinguished by having three separate fields of trunk spines. Specimens of N. peruensis have a slender trunk with two anterior swellings, 3 separate fields of spines on the foretrunk swelling, and no genital spines on the hindtrunk. The proboscis of the new species is heavily armored with 21-22 longitudinal rows of 22 hooks each. Hook no. 14 is more robust ventrally than dorsally. Cystacanths of N. peruensis also have a long tubular hindtrunk and the males have diagonal testes in the midtrunk swelling. Specimens of the closely related Andracantha Schmidt, 1975 have anteriorly enlarged pear-shaped Corynosoma-like trunks, only two fields of anterior trunk spines with occasional genital spines, and bilateral or tandem testes. Proboscides of species of Andracantha have considerably fewer hooks that gradually decrease in size posteriorly. The taxonomic component of this work is amplified by metal analysis of hooks and spines that shows a marked amount of magnesium (Mg) in hooks but not in spines. The highest level of sulfur (S) was found in the outer layer of hooks and anterior spines. The metal footprint of hooks and spines varies in different species of acanthocephalans and has an interspecific diagnostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda, no. 2-419, Arizona, 85259 Scottsdale, U.S.A
| | - Richard A Heckmann
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Utah, 84602 Provo, U.S.A
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Amin OM, Heckmann RA, Zargar UR. Description of a New Quadrigyrid Acanthocephalan from Kashmir, with Notes on Metal Analysis and Histopathology, and a Key to Species of the SubgenusAcanthosentisfrom the Indian Subcontinent. J Parasitol 2017; 103:458-470. [DOI: 10.1645/17-27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Omar M. Amin
- Institute of Parasitic of Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda 2-419, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259. Correspondence should be sent to Omar Amin at:
| | - Richard A. Heckmann
- Institute of Parasitic of Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda 2-419, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259. Correspondence should be sent to Omar Amin at:
| | - Ummer Rashid Zargar
- Institute of Parasitic of Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda 2-419, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259. Correspondence should be sent to Omar Amin at:
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Amin OM, Heckmann RA. Rhadinorhynchus oligospinosus n. sp. (Acanthocephala, Rhadinorhynchidae) from mackerels in the Pacific Ocean off Peru and related rhadinorhynchids in the Pacific, with notes on metal analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 24:19. [PMID: 28593837 PMCID: PMC5467225 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2017022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Specimens of a new species of Rhadinorhynchus Lühe, 1911 are described from the chub mackerel Scomber japonicus (Scombridae) and the Chilean Jack mackerel Trachurus murphyi (Carangidae) (possibly a subspecies of Trachurus symmetricus) from the Pacific Ocean off the Peruvian coast at the Port of Chicama, La Libertad. Specimens of Rhadinorhynchus oligospinosus n. sp. are somewhat small having 11–14 rows of alternating proboscis hooks with 20–22 hooks each with posteriormost hooks in a continuous ring. Ventral hooks are robust with prominent roots but dorsal hooks are slender and shorter with discoid roots. Trunk spines are in two zones separated by a non-spiny region. Anterior trunk spines are in 2–3 complete circles but posterior spines are only ventral and lateral, and do not extend posterior to the level of the posterior end of the proboscis receptacle in both sexes. The new species is closest to Rhadinorhynchus seriolae (Yamaguti, 1963) Golvan, 1969 found in Japanese and Australian waters, but not as close to 19 other species found in the same Pacific waters off Australia, Japan, and Vietnam. In R. seriolae, posterior trunk spines extend well past the receptacle in females, among other diagnostic differences. Proboscis hooks of the new species were analyzed for chemical elements using X-ray in conjunction with EDAX (energy-dispersive analysis for X-ray) software; sulfur had a higher concentration at the edge than the middle of cut hooks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda # 2-419, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
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Amin OM, Heckmann RA, Shareef PAA. Redescription of Pallisentis (Brevitritospinus) Indica (Acanthocephala: Quadrigyridae) from Channa punctatus Bloch & Schneider (Channidae) in Aligarh, India with New Understandings of Old Structures. J Parasitol 2017; 103:251-256. [PMID: 28335683 DOI: 10.1645/16-153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Pallisentis indica Mital and Lal, 1976 was originally described from Channa gachua Hamilton (Channidae) in Kali Nadi River, Aligarh, India. The parasite was later placed in the subgenus Brevitritospinus Amin, Heckmann, Ha, Luc, and Doanh, 2000 . Our collection from the spotted snakehead Channa punctatus Bloch & Schneider in another locality of the same stream in Aligarh produced many specimens with variable traits, revealing new structures that have never before been described in the Acanthocephala, especially relating to the ducted trunk spines. The proboscis has 4 circles of 10 hooks each, with hooks in the anterior 2 circles being considerably larger than those in the posterior 2 circles. Y-shaped trunk spines are ducted in 2 regions separated by a spineless zone. The anterior collar spines are in complete rings of 9-17 circles of crowded spines and the larger posterior trunk spines are in 1 (posterior) to 41 (anterior) circles extending to level of cement glands in males posteriorly. Considerable variations from the original description and new structures are reported for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda, no. 2-419, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259. Correspondence should be sent to Omar M. Amin at:
| | - Richard A Heckmann
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda, no. 2-419, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259. Correspondence should be sent to Omar M. Amin at:
| | - P A Ahammed Shareef
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda, no. 2-419, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259. Correspondence should be sent to Omar M. Amin at:
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Amin OM, Heckmann RA, Evans RP, Tepe Y. A description of Echinorhynchus baeri Kostylew, 1928 (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) from Salmo trutta in Turkey, with notes on synonymy, geographical origins, geological history, molecular profile, and X-ray microanalysis. Parasite 2016; 23:56. [PMID: 27991414 PMCID: PMC5178380 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2016067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A population of Echinorhynchus baeri Kostylew, 1928 with 18–24 rows of 8–10 proboscis hooks each and long fusiform eggs measuring 95–110 × 18–22 μm collected from Salmo trutta (Salmonidae) in a branch of the Murat River in Turkey is described and specimens are designated as neotype. Specimens of two similar populations of E. baeri (E. baeri Kostylew, 1928 and E. sevani Dinnik, 1932) were previously described from Salmo ischchan in Lake Sevan, Armenia. Waters of Lake Sevan and the Murat River were previously joined during the Middle Miocene-Pliocene. The two populations from Lake Sevan and ours from Turkey had identical morphology and size eggs. The proboscis armature and eggs, among other features of our Turkish specimens, proved intermediate between E. baeri and E. sevani, thus eliminating the significance of the described differences between these two species and confirming their synonymy with priority to Echinorhynchus baeri (junior synonym: Echinorhynchus sevani Dinnik, 1932). Echinorhynchus baeri is apparently a highly variable species. The two descriptions from Lake Sevan did not include features or illustrations of females, except for references to trunk and egg size but the eggs were illustrated. Complete morphometric comparisons are made and females of the Turkish material are described for the first time. DNA sequencing (mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene; nuclear 18S rRNA gene) results from two available E. baeri individuals were equivocal. New features to the Acanthocephala include the presence of rootless uncalcified apical proboscis hooks studied with X-ray microanalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda # 2-419, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259, USA
| | - Richard A Heckmann
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, 401 WIDB, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
| | - R Paul Evans
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, 3139 Life Sciences Building, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
| | - Yahya Tepe
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
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Amin OM, Heckmann RA, Osama M, Evans RP. Morphological and molecular descriptions of Moniliformis saudi sp. n. (Acanthocephala: Moniliformidae) from the desert hedgehog, Paraechinus aethiopicus (Ehrenberg) in Saudi Arabia, with a key to species and notes on histopathology. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 2016; 63. [DOI: 10.14411/fp.2016.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Amin OM, Heckmann RA, Ali AH, El Naggar AM, Khamees NR. New Features ofNeoechinorhynchus(Neoechinorhynchus)dimorphospinus(Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) from Recent Collections in the Arabian Gulf Using SEM, with Notes on Histopathology. COMP PARASITOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1654/4717.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Amin OM, Heckmann RA, Baldanova DR. Revisiting Echinorhynchid Acanthocephalans in Lake Baikal with the Use of Scanning Electron Microscopy, with some Taxonomic Reconsiderations. COMP PARASITOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1654/4750.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Amin OM, Heckmann RA, Halajian A, el-Naggar A, Tavakol S. Description ofMoniliformis kalahariensis(Acanthocephala: Moniliformidae) from the South African Hedgehog,Atelerix frontalis(Erinaceidae) in South Africa. COMP PARASITOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1654/4664.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Abstract
In 1985, Amin presented a new system for the classification of the Acanthocephala in Crompton and Nickol's (1985) book 'Biology of the Acanthocephala' and recognized the concepts of Meyer (1931, 1932, 1933) and Van Cleave (1936, 1941, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1951, 1952). This system became the standard for the taxonomy of this group and remains so to date. Many changes have taken place and many new genera and species, as well as higher taxa, have been described since. An updated version of the 1985 scheme incorporating new concepts in molecular taxonomy, gene sequencing and phylogenetic studies is presented. The hierarchy has undergone a total face lift with Amin's (1987) addition of a new class, Polyacanthocephala (and a new order and family) to remove inconsistencies in the class Palaeacanthocephala. Amin and Ha (2008) added a third order (and a new family) to the Palaeacanthocephala, Heteramorphida, which combines features from the palaeacanthocephalan families Polymorphidae and Heteracanthocephalidae. Other families and subfamilies have been added but some have been eliminated, e.g. the three subfamilies of Arythmacanthidae: Arhythmacanthinae Yamaguti, 1935; Neoacanthocephaloidinae Golvan, 1960; and Paracanthocephaloidinae Golvan, 1969. Amin (1985) listed 22 families, 122 genera and 903 species (4, 4 and 14 families; 13, 28 and 81 genera; 167, 167 and 569 species in Archiacanthocephala, Eoacanthocephala and Palaeacanthocephala, respectively). The number of taxa listed in the present treatment is 26 families (18% increase), 157 genera (29%), and 1298 species (44%) (4, 4 and 16; 18, 29 and 106; 189, 255 and 845, in the same order), which also includes 1 family, 1 genus and 4 species in the class Polyacanthocephala Amin, 1987, and 3 genera and 5 species in the fossil family Zhijinitidae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259, USA.
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Amin OM, Heckmann RA, Halajian A, El-Naggar AM, Tavakol S. The description and histopathology of Leptorhynchoides polycristatus n. sp. (Acanthocephala: Rhadinorhynchidae) from sturgeons, Acipenser spp. (Actinopterygii: Acipenseridae) in the Caspian Sea, Iran, with emendation of the generic diagnosis. Parasitol Res 2013; 112:3873-82. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-013-3576-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Amin OM, Heckmann RA, Sahara A, Yudhanto S. The Finding of Mediorhynchus gallinarum (Acanthocephala: Gigantorhynchidae) in Chickens from Indonesia, with Expanded Description Using SEM. COMP PARASITOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1654/4562.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Amin OM, Gholami Z, Akhlaghi M, Heckmann RA. The description and host-parasite relationships of a new quadrigyrid species (Acanthocephala) from the Persian tooth-carp, Aphanius farsicus (Actinoptreygii: Cyprinodontidae) in Iran. J Parasitol 2012; 99:257-63. [PMID: 22994245 DOI: 10.1645/ge-3247.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Acanthogyrus (Acanthosentis) barmeshoori n. sp. (Quadrigyridae) is described from the Persian tooth-carp, Aphanius farsicus Teimori, Esmaeili, and Reichenbacher, 2011 (Cyprinodontidae) in the Maharlu Lake basin, southern Iran. Aphanius farsicus is an endemic freshwater fish found in streams and springs that drain into Maharlu Lake, Shiraz, Iran. The new species is the smallest of all the 44 known species of the subgenus Acanthosentis Verma and Datta, 1929, measuring between 0.26 and 1.68 mm in length. It is further distinguished by having a short cylindrical proboscis with very long anterior hooks widely separated from very small hooks in 2 very close circles posteriorly (hook length ratio about 4:1). It is separated from 4 other species of Acanthosentis with similar proboscis armature but with less-extreme diversification of hook length. The new species is also distinguished in having anterior para-receptacle structures (PRS) and a similar posterior structure like those reported in only 1 other species of Acanthosentis from Japan. Proboscis receptacle is single walled with a large triangular cephalic ganglion. Testes are large, pre-equatorial, and Saefftigen's pouch is prominent. Fourteen to 25 circles of spines cover the anterior 50-70% of the trunk, but a few spines may be present at posterior end of trunk. This is the first species of Acanthosentis where SEM images, showing external morphological details, are provided. From a total of 357 fish specimens examined between July 2006 and June 2007, 173 specimens (48.5%) were infected with individuals of the new species. The prevalence of infection decreased with increasing fish size. The parasite was observed all year, with the highest abundance and intensity in May while the prevalence was highest in February. The prevalence of acanthocephalans decreased with increasing fish size. While most worms were recovered in fish within the length range of 18-29.9 mm, 1 of the longest parasites (1.68 mm long) was found in fish within the range of 30-33.9 mm long.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda, No. 2419, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259, USA.
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Amin OM, Heckmann RA. Expanded description of Neoechinorhynchus (Hebesoma) manubrianus (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) from marine fish in Halong Bay, Vietnam. Parasite 2012; 19:267-70. [PMID: 22910669 PMCID: PMC3671446 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2012193267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neoechinorhynchus manubrianus Amin, Ha & Ha, 2011 (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) (formerly Neoechinorhynchus manubriensis Amin, Ha & Ha, 2011), was recently described based on optical microscopy of four males and two females (none was gravid) from caroun croaker, Johnius carouna (Cuvier), flower croaker, Nibea albiflora (Richardson), and silver croaker, Pennabia argentata (Houttuyen) (Sciaenidae) in Halong Bay, Vietnam. Subsequently, many more specimens became available from N. albiflora that were studied using SEM. SEM studies showed many additional features that were not possible to discern with optical microscopy. These included the prominent angulation of the anterior trunk, the presence of (1) anterio-dorsal and (2) undulating mid-lateral fin-like protrusions of the body wall, uniquely shaped eggs as well as details of trunk micropores, proboscis, bursa, and female gonopore. Microscopical examination of eggs from the new collection demonstrated the presence of polar prolongation of fertilization membrane which places N. manubriensis in the subgenus Hebesoma. The features of trunk angulation, trunk fins, and egg morphology further distinguish N. manubriensis from all other species of Neoechinorhynchus Stiles and Hassall, 1905 from Vietnam or from any where else in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- O M Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases (IPD), 11445 E. Via Linda # 2-419, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259, USA.
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Amin OM, Oğuz MC, Heckmann RA, Tepe Y, Kvach Y. Acanthocephaloides irregularis n. sp. (Acanthocephala: Arhythmacanthidae) from marine fishes off the Ukrainian Black Sea coast. Syst Parasitol 2011; 80:125-35. [PMID: 21898201 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-011-9312-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2011] [Accepted: 04/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda # 2-419, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA.
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Amin OM, Ha NV, Ha DN. First report of Neoechinorhynchus (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) from marine fish of the eastern seaboard of Vietnam, with the description of six new species. Parasite 2011; 18:21-34. [PMID: 21395202 PMCID: PMC3671399 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2011181021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2010] [Accepted: 10/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of acanthocephalans of the genus Neoechinorhynchus Stiles and Hassall, 1905 in Vietnamese waters is reported for the first time. Six new species are described from seven species of marine fish of the families Belonidae, Clupeidae, Megalopidae, Mugilidae, and Sciaenidae, collected in Halong Bay of the eastern seaboard of Vietnam in 2008 and 2009. These are Neoechinorhynchus (Neoechinorhynchus) plaquensis n. sp. characterized by dermal plaques covering the entire trunk; Neoechinorhynchus manubriensis n. sp. with very long anterior proboscis hooks having roots with prominent anterior manubria and very small and equal middle and posterior hooks, two pseudo-retractors in the receptacle, simple vagina, and terminal gonopore; Neoechinorhynchus pennahia n. sp. with equal anterior and middle proboscis and somewhat smaller posterior hooks, and terminal female gonopore; Neoechinorhynchus ampullata with many giant nuclei in the body wall and lemnisci and a parareceptacle structure complex which includes pumping ampullas reported for the first time; Neoechinorhynchus (Neoechinorhynchus) longinucleatus n. sp. with very long giant nuclei in the Lemnisci, anteriorly twisted vagina, and subterminal female gonopore. Neoechinorhynchus (Neoechinorhynchus) ascus n. sp. is the second species of Neoechinorhynchus found with the parareceptacle structure/ampulla complex. Neoechinorhynchus (Neoechinorhynchus) johnii Yamaguti, 1929 of Bilqees, 1972 is not N. johnii because of proboscis armature and other discrepancies with the Yamaguti material. Notes on host distribution and feeding habits are also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- O M Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda, # 2-419, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259, USA.
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Amin OM, Heckmann RA, Van Ha N. Description of Heterosentis holospinus n. sp. (Acanthocephala: Arhythmacanthidae) from the Striped Eel Catfish, Plotosus lineatus, in Halong Bay, Vietnam, with a Key to Species of Heterosentis and Reconsideration of the Subfamilies of Arhythmacanthidae. COMP PARASITOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1654/4465.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Amin OM, Heckmann RA, Halajian A, Eslami A. Redescription of Sphaerirostris picae (Acanthocephala: Centrorhynchidae) from magpie, Pica pica, in northern Iran, with special reference to unusual receptacle structures and notes on histopathology. J Parasitol 2010; 96:561-8. [PMID: 20557203 DOI: 10.1645/ge-2249.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Adults of Sphaerirostris picae (Rudolphi, 1819) Golvan, 1956 are described from European magpie, Pica pica Linnaeus (Corvidae), collected in 2008 from wooded areas near the northern Iranian town of Tonekabon by the southern shores of the Caspian Sea. Other specimens also were collected from Corvus cornix Linnaeus, Corvus corone Linnaeus, and Corvus frugilegus Linnaeus (Corvidae) in the same location, as well as from some of these hosts in other locations. Our specimens had 31-38 proboscis hook rows on the ovoid anterior proboscis and 27-36 spine rows on the cylindrical- to cone-shaped posterior proboscis, each with 8-10 hooks and 2-5 spines per row, respectively. They are distinguished from those of all other species of the genus by having a unique prominent expansion of the dorsal inner receptacle wall, called the receptacle process (RP), anteriorly into the anterior proboscis and by the presence of longitudinal alveolar lobes throughout the receptacle and proboscis. The RP is described using histological sections. Sphaerirostris picae is further distinguished from 2 closely related species, namely, Sphaerirostris lancea (Westrumb, 1821) Golvan, 1956 and Sphaerirostris pinguis (Van Cleave, 1918) Golvan, 1956, by characteristics of proboscis armature, position of female gonopore, and other reproductive system and receptacle features. Histological sections revealed damage to host intestinal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E Via Linda, # 2-419 Scottsdale, Arizona 85259, USA.
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