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Latorre G, Silva F, Montero I, Bustamante M, Dukes E, Uribe J, Corsi Sotelo O, Reyes D, Fuentes-López E, Pizarro M, Medel P, Torres J, Roa JC, Pizarro S, Achurra P, Donoso A, Wichmann I, Corvalán AH, Chahuan J, Candia R, Agüero C, Gonzalez R, Vargas JI, Espino A, Camargo MC, Shah SC, Riquelme A. Comparison of OLGA and OLGIM as predictors of gastric cancer in a Latin American population: the ECHOS Study. Gut 2023:gutjnl-2023-331059. [PMID: 38148138 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-331059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Latorre
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Silva
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Isabella Montero
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Miguel Bustamante
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eitan Dukes
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Javier Uribe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Oscar Corsi Sotelo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diego Reyes
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eduardo Fuentes-López
- Department of Health Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Margarita Pizarro
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricio Medel
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Javiera Torres
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Carlos Roa
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro para la Prevención y el Control del Cáncer (CECAN), Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastián Pizarro
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Achurra
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrés Donoso
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ignacio Wichmann
- Department of Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandro H Corvalán
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Javier Chahuan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Roberto Candia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos Agüero
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Robinson Gonzalez
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jose Ignacio Vargas
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alberto Espino
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Constanza Camargo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Shailja C Shah
- Gastroenterology Section, Veterans Affairs, San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Arnoldo Riquelme
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro para la Prevención y el Control del Cáncer (CECAN), Santiago, Chile
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Ríos JC, Villarroel L, Torres M, Astaburuaga JP, Leiva C, Cook P, Medel P, Cortés S. [Urinary heavy metals and blood lead levels among residents of Antofagasta, Chile]. Rev Med Chil 2021; 148:746-754. [PMID: 33480372 DOI: 10.4067/s0034-98872020000600746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of toxic metals in human populations is strongly associated with chronic diseases. AIM To determine levels of lead, chromium, cadmium, mercury and inorganic arsenic (AsIn) in the general population aged over 5 years in Antofagasta, Chile. MATERIAL AND METHODS People living in Urban Antofagasta for at least five years were considered eligible. Biological samples were obtained to measure heavy metals. RESULTS One thousand two hundred three participants with a median age of 43 years (656 women) were studied. Their mean time of residence in the city was 30 years, and 52% smoked. Eight percent of the adult population and 12% of children had AsIn values above 35 µg/L, while 75% of the population had levels below 21.9 µg/L. The other metals were below the risk levels defined by the health authority (10 µg/L for chromium, 10 µg/L for mercury, 2 µg/L for cadmium, 5 and 10 μg/dL for blood lead for children and adults, respectively). The factors associated with high levels of AsIn in adults were male sex, living more than 200 meters from monitoring points, and low schooling. In children, the associated variables were high intake of seafood products and having a caregiver with less than 8 years of schooling. Contrary to expectations, the greatest risk of presenting altered levels of the metals occurred in the population living more than 500 meters from the identified risk sources (90% of the population). CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study suggest that all potential sources of exposure to AsIn should be evaluated, and surveillance actions should be established to reduce involuntary exposure to this metalloid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Ríos
- Centro de Información Toxicológica, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Villarroel
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marisa Torres
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Cinthya Leiva
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paz Cook
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricio Medel
- Centro de Información Toxicológica, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sandra Cortés
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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González F, Retamal C, Sílva L, Cerda P, Medel P, Solari S, Mellado R, Ríos JC. Characterization of the phone-calls made to a poison center related to household and cosmetics products exposition in pediatrics. Rev Chil Pediatr 2019; 90:500-507. [PMID: 31859733 DOI: 10.32641/rchped.v90i5.1017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Household cleaning products and cosmetics are necessary for daily life and widely used by the population. However, their use may not be risk-free, especially when they are not used or stored as recommended. It is important to characterize exposures, as this is useful for developing stra tegies to reduce morbidity, mortality, and health costs associated, especially in the child population. OBJECTIVE To describe reports associated with household cleaning products and cosmetics exposure in patients under the age of 12, reported to the Poison Information Center of the Catholic University of Chile (CITUC). PATIENTS AND METHOD Descriptive cross-sectional study of phone calls to CITUC during 2016. The analyzed variables were age, sex, product, caller, caller and incident location, ex posure circumstances, exposure route(s), symptoms, and severity from manual records and from the WHO's electronic record software 'INTOX Data Management System'. RESULTS 3,415 cases met the inclusion criteria. Children under the age of five represented 91% of the exposures, and 58.5% were male. 99.4% were accidental exposures, and 98.6% occurred at home. Family members (57%) and health personnel (42%) made the calls. 68.3% of the patients had no symptoms after exposure. The four products with the highest incidence were household bleach (27.6%), floor cleaners and polishers (13.1%), dish soap (7.9%), and perfume/cologne (5.8%). The main exposure route was by ingestion (89.4%). CONCLUSIONS Household cleaning products and cosmetics are common causes of exposures especially in children under the age of five. Although these products have a low morbidity and mortality rate, it is important to educate the population to prevent possible poisonings in the child population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - S Solari
- Departamento de Laboratorios Clínicos, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile
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Herranz E, Miranda R, Fernandes A, Taboada E, Medel P. PSIV-13 Lactosed extruded wheat enriched with medium chain fatty acids monoglycerides as an alternative to ZnO and colistin in piglet diets. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E Herranz
- Internacional de Comercio y Servicios, s. l. u., Marcón-Pontevedra,Galicia, Spain
| | - R Miranda
- Group Digesporc, Dept. Animal Health, F. of Veterinary, U. of León, León,Spain
| | - A Fernandes
- IMASDE AGROALIMENTARIA, S.L., Pozuelo de Alarcón,Madrid, Spain
| | - E Taboada
- IMASDE AGROALIMENTARIA, S.L., Pozuelo de Alarcón,Madrid, Spain
| | - P Medel
- INNOVABIOTICS, S.L.,Getafe, Spain
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Miranda L, Fuentetaja A, Gálvez J, Lozano J, Medel P. 154 Effect of substitution of ZnO by organic acids, medium chain fatty acids monoglycerides and essential oils in high or low protein diets in piglets. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L Miranda
- UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA SANTA TERESA DE JESÚS DE ÁVILA,ÁVILA, Spain
| | | | - J Gálvez
- 3F FEED AND FOOD S.L.,ÁVILA, Castilla y Leon, Spain
| | - J Lozano
- 3F FEED AND FOOD S.L.,ÁVILA, Castilla y Leon, Spain
| | - P Medel
- INNOVABIOTICS, S.L.,Getafe, Spain
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Miranda L, Serrano C, García M, González V, Medel P. 87 Effect of addition of short and medium chain fatty acids monoglycerides in Holstein steers fed straw and concentrates. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L Miranda
- UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA SANTA TERESA DE JESÚS DE ÁVILA,ÁVILA, Spain
| | - C Serrano
- SOLARSAN, S.L.,ÁVILA, Castilla y Leon, Spain
| | - M García
- 3F FEED AND FOOD S.L.,ÁVILA, Castilla y Leon, Spain
| | - V González
- 3F FEED AND FOOD S.L.,ÁVILA, Castilla y Leon, Spain
| | - P Medel
- INNOVABIOTICS, S.L.,Getafe, Spain
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Oses R, Zappacosta Villarroel M, Medel P, Garcia Ojeda M, Viola J, Valcarcel A. TESE-ICSI in couples with non obstructive azoospermia: comparison between fresh or previously cryopreserved testicular sperm. Fertil Steril 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.07.817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Carrasco C, Medel P, Fuentetaja A, Ranilla MJ, Carro MD. Effect of disodium/calcium malate or supplementation on growth performance, carcass quality, ruminal fermentation products, and blood metabolites of heifers. J Anim Sci 2016; 94:4315-4325. [PMID: 27898871 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2016-0616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the effects of malate salts and culture on growth performance, carcass quality, ruminal fermentation products, and blood metabolites in heifers raised under southern Europe practical farm conditions. A total of 108 Charolaise cross heifers (214 ± 27.3 kg BW and 6.4 ± 1.1 mo of age) were housed in 18 pens of 6 animals each and used in a 114-d feedlot study. There was a totally randomized experimental design, and 6 pens were assigned to each of the following experimental diets: a control (no supplementation), the control plus 4 g of disodium/calcium malate mixture per kilogram of concentrate (2.12 g malate/kg), and the control plus 0.15 g of CBS 493.94 per kilogram of concentrate (1.5 × 10 cfu/kg). The control diet consisted of wheat-barley-based pelleted concentrate (32% starch, DM basis) and full-length barley straw. Concentrate and straw were fed separately ad libitum (5% orts) in an 88:12 ratio. On Days 0, 56, and 114, ruminal fluid and blood samples were obtained from each heifer between 2 and 2.5 h after the morning feeding by ruminocentesis and tail venipuncture, respectively. Body weight, concentrate ADFI, and G:F were recorded at 28, 56, 84, and 114 d. At slaughter, hot carcass weight and yield and carcass classification were determined in 2 representative heifers per pen (12 animals per dietary treatment). Supplementation with malate salts or did not affect concentrate ADFI ( = 0.98), ADG ( = 0.74), or G:F ( = 0.50) at any time during the experiment. At slaughter, there were no differences in carcass weight ( = 0.86), classification ( = 0.18), or carcass yield ( = 0.84) among experimental groups. Also, there were no differences treatments on ruminal pH ( = 0.24), ruminal fermentation products ( = 0.69, = 0.88, and = 0.93 for total VFA, NH-N, and lactate, respectively), and blood metabolites ( = 0.96, = 0.82, and = 0.15 for glucose, urea N, and lactate, respectively). In conclusion, under the feeding and management conditions of this study, diet supplementation with malate salts or did not have any significant effects on growth performance, carcass quality, ruminal fermentation products, and blood metabolites.
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Rios J, Mieres J, Cerda P, Silva L, Olivares P, Medel P, Solari S, Paris E. Poisoning in Chile: A 10-year report from the Catholic University Poison Center. Toxicol Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.06.1430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Gracia M, Millán C, Sánchez J, Guyard-Nicodème M, Mayot J, Carre Y, Csorbai A, Chemaly M, Medel P. Efficacy of feed additives against Campylobacter in live broilers during the entire rearing period: Part B. Poult Sci 2016; 95:886-92. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pev346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Guyard-Nicodème M, Keita A, Quesne S, Amelot M, Poezevara T, Le Berre B, Sánchez J, Vesseur P, Martín Á, Medel P, Chemaly M. Efficacy of feed additives against Campylobacter in live broilers during the entire rearing period. Poult Sci 2016; 95:298-305. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pev303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Amerah A, Quiles A, Medel P, Sánchez J, Lehtinen M, Gracia M. Effect of pelleting temperature and probiotic supplementation on growth performance and immune function of broilers fed maize/soy-based diets. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2013.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Peinado J, Serrano M, Nieto M, Sánchez J, Medel P, Mateos G. The effects of gender and castration of females on performance and carcass and meat quality of heavy pigs destined to the dry-cured industry. Meat Sci 2012; 90:715-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2011.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2009] [Revised: 10/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Gracia M, Lázaro R, Latorre M, Medel P, Araníbar M, Jiménez-Moreno E, Mateos G. Influence of enzyme supplementation of diets and cooking–flaking of maize on digestive traits and growth performance of broilers from 1 to 21 days of age. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2008.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Valcarcel A, Tiveron M, Buzzi J, Oses R, Medel P, Young E. Twin pregnancy after elongated spermatid injection (ELSI). Fertil Steril 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.07.317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Peinado J, Medel P, Fuentetaja A, Mateos GG. Influence of sex and castration of females on growth performance and carcass and meat quality of heavy pigs destined for the dry-cured industry1. J Anim Sci 2008; 86:1410-7. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2006-807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Abstract
A trial was conducted to study the influence of feeding regimen [ad libitum, (AL) vs. feed restriction, (FR)] and supplementation of the diet with a combination of xylanase and beta-glucanase on physiological parameters and performance of broilers fed rye-based diets. There were 4 dietary treatments arranged factorially with 2 feeding regimens (0 vs. 30% FR from 4 to 14 d), 2 enzyme doses (0 vs. 500 ppm), and an additional corn control diet. Each treatment was replicated 9 times from 4 to 25 d (15 chicks caged together) and 6 times from 25 to 46 d. From 4 to 46 d of age, FR did not affect weight gain and improved feed conversion of broilers (P < 0.05). Also, FR reduced the incidence of leg disorders, digesta viscosity, and pasted vents (P < 0.01) and increased relative weight of gizzard (P < 0.001). Enzyme supplementation (ES) improved average daily gain and feed conversion at all ages (P < 0.01), and the beneficial effects were greater for AL than for FR birds (P < 0.10). Also, ES reduced digesta viscosity (P < 0.001), relative weights of gizzard (P < 0.05) and crop (P < 0.01), and jejunum length (P < 0.05). Compared with feeding corn, feeding rye AL with or without ES impaired growth and feed conversion from 4 to 46 d (P < 0.01) and increased incidence of leg disorders (P < 0.05), viscosity of jejunum content (P < 0.01), and jejunum length (P < 0.05). We concluded that rye in feed impaired broiler performance and increased digesta viscosity and incidence of leg disorders and that FR and ES reduced the magnitude of the problem. The beneficial effects of ES on bird performance were more evident when birds were fed AL.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lázaro
- Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Departamento de Producción Animal, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Latorre MA, Lázaro R, Valencia DG, Medel P, Mateos GG. The effects of gender and slaughter weight on the growth performance, carcass traits, and meat quality characteristics of heavy pigs1. J Anim Sci 2004; 82:526-33. [PMID: 14974552 DOI: 10.2527/2004.822526x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Crossbred pigs (n = 192) from Piétrain x Large White sires mated to Landrace x Large White dams, with a mean BW of 75 +/- 1.3 kg, were used to investigate the effects of gender and slaughter weight (SW) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality. Pens of pigs (eight pigs/pen) were assigned randomly to one of six treatments arranged in a 2 x 3 factorial design with two genders (barrows or gilts) and three SW (116, 124, or 133 kg). Each treatment was replicated four times. Over the entire trial, barrows had higher (P < 0.001) ADFI (as-fed basis) and ADG than gilts; however, gilts had higher (P < 0.05) gain-to-feed ratios (G:F) than barrows. Barrows had lower (P < 0.01) dressing percents than gilts and produced fatter (P < 0.001) carcasses that had lower trimmed shoulder (P < 0.10) and ham (P < 0.001) yields than gilts. There was a trend for the semimembranosus muscle (SM) from barrows to have a higher (P < 0.10) 45-min pH than that of gilts, but 24-h pH was 0.11 pH unit higher (P < 0.01) in the SM of barrows than gilts. Gender had no (P > 0.10) effect on the moisture and lipid content of the longissimus muscle (LM), nor did gender affect (P > 0.10) LM color, myoglobin content, or thaw loss percentage. However, the LM from barrows had lower (P < 0.05) cooking loss percentages and tended to have lower (P < 0.10) shear force values than the LM from gilts. Pigs slaughtered at 116 kg had higher (P < 0.05) ADG than pigs slaughtered at 124 and 133 kg. Daily feed intake (as-fed basis) was not (P > 0.10) different among SW; however, pigs slaughtered at 116 and 124 kg had higher (P < 0.001) G:F than those slaughtered at 133 kg. Dressing percent, backfat depth, carcass length, and ham and shoulder weights increased (P < 0.001) as SW increased from 116 to 133 kg. The initial (45-min) pH of the SM from pigs slaughtered at 133 kg was higher (P < 0.05) than from pigs slaughtered at 116 or 124 kg; however, 24-h pH was not (P > 0.10) affected by SW. The LM from pigs slaughtered at 133 kg was darker (lower L* values; P < 0.001), redder (higher a* value; P < 0.01), and had more (P < 0.001) myoglobin than the LM of pigs slaughtered at 116 and 124 kg. Barrows and gilts of this particular crossbreed can be used to produce acceptable quality fresh pork when slaughtered at 116 kg; however, increasing SW to 124 kg, or more, decreased live pig performance and carcass leanness without any additional benefits to pork quality attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Latorre
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
A 42-d trial was conducted to study the influence of exogenous alpha-amylase on digestive and performance traits in broilers fed a corn-soybean meal diet. There were two treatments (control and alpha-amylase supplemented diet) and six replicates (14 Cobb male chicks caged together) per treatment. At 7 d of age, alpha-amylase supplementation improved daily gain by 9.4% (P < or = 0.05) and feed conversion by 4.2% (P < or = 0.01). At the end of the trial, birds fed the alpha-amylase-supplemented diet ate more and grew faster (P < or = 0.05) and hadbetter feed conversion (P < or = 0.10) than broilers fed the control diet. Also, alpha-amylase supplementation improved apparent fecal digestibility of organic matter and starch (P < or = 0.01) and AMEn of the diet (P < or = 0.001). However, no effects were detected for CP or fat digestibility. Nutrient digestibility and AMEn of the diet increased with age (P < or = 0.001); however, no interactions of alpha-amylase x age were observed for any trait. Coefficients of apparent ileal and fecal digestibility of starch at 28 d of age were similar, which indicated that most of the undigested starch was not fermented in the hindgut of the chick. alpha-Amylase supplementation reduced relative pancreas weight (P < or = 0.001) but did not affect the weight of the remaining organs. Age consistently reduced intestinal viscosity and relative weights of all the organs (P < or = 0.001). The data indicated that alpha-amylase supplementation of a corn-soybean meal diet improved digestibility of nutrients and performance of broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Gracia
- Departamento de Produccion Animal, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
An experiment was conducted to study the influence of enzyme supplementation (ES) to rye-based diets on rate of food passage through the digestive tract, viscosity of jejunum content, volatile fatty acid concentration in ceca, and performance of broilers. There were seven treatments; six diets arranged factorially with three varieties of rye (Petkus, Prima, and Saratov V) and two levels of ES (0 or 500 ppm of an enzyme complex containing 858 IU of beta-glucanase and 864 IU of xylanase/g) and an additional control diet based on corn. Each treatment was replicated seven times (12 chicks caged together), and the trial lasted 25 d. Rye feeding increased intestinal viscosity and impaired bird performance at 25 d (P < 0.001). Among rye diets the greatest feed intake and weight gain were obtained with Petkus variety, which also produced the lowest intestinal viscosity. Enzyme addition reduced the time needed to recover 1% (0.78 vs. 0.98 h; P < 0.05) and 50% (4.2 vs. 6.5 h; P < 0.01) of the marker in feces and reduced the mean retention time of marker in the gastrointestinal tract (17.1 vs. 18.8 h; P < 0.05). Also, ES reduced intestinal viscosity (P < 0.001) and improved feed intake, daily gain, and feed conversion of birds from 4 to 25 d (P < 0.01) but did not modify volatile fatty acid concentration in ceca. We concluded that ES added to rye diets decreased intestinal viscosity and accelerated digestive transit, improving productive performance of broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lázaro
- Departamento de Producción Animal, ETSI Agrónomos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Osés R, Bisioli C, Tiverón M, Medel P, Quintana R, Marconi G. Correlation between testicular sperm extraction (TESE) and biopsy results performed for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. Fertil Steril 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(01)02412-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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