1
|
Carvalho PA, Comerford JW, Lamb KJ, North M, Reiss PS. Influence of Mesoporous Silica Properties on Cyclic Carbonate Synthesis Catalysed by Supported Aluminium(Salen) Complexes. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201801229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - James W. Comerford
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry; University of York; Heslington, York YO10 5DD UK
| | - Katie J. Lamb
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry; University of York; Heslington, York YO10 5DD UK
| | - Michael North
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry; University of York; Heslington, York YO10 5DD UK
| | - Paul S. Reiss
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry; University of York; Heslington, York YO10 5DD UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Slater AG, Reiss PS, Pulido A, Little MA, Holden DL, Chen L, Chong SY, Alston BM, Clowes R, Haranczyk M, Briggs ME, Hasell T, Day GM, Cooper AI. Computationally-Guided Synthetic Control over Pore Size in Isostructural Porous Organic Cages. ACS Cent Sci 2017; 3:734-742. [PMID: 28776015 PMCID: PMC5532722 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.7b00145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The physical properties of 3-D porous solids are defined by their molecular geometry. Hence, precise control of pore size, pore shape, and pore connectivity are needed to tailor them for specific applications. However, for porous molecular crystals, the modification of pore size by adding pore-blocking groups can also affect crystal packing in an unpredictable way. This precludes strategies adopted for isoreticular metal-organic frameworks, where addition of a small group, such as a methyl group, does not affect the basic framework topology. Here, we narrow the pore size of a cage molecule, CC3, in a systematic way by introducing methyl groups into the cage windows. Computational crystal structure prediction was used to anticipate the packing preferences of two homochiral methylated cages, CC14-R and CC15-R, and to assess the structure-energy landscape of a CC15-R/CC3-S cocrystal, designed such that both component cages could be directed to pack with a 3-D, interconnected pore structure. The experimental gas sorption properties of these three cage systems agree well with physical properties predicted by computational energy-structure-function maps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna G. Slater
- Department of Chemistry
and Materials Innovation Factory, University
of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Paul S. Reiss
- Department of Chemistry
and Materials Innovation Factory, University
of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Angeles Pulido
- School of
Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Marc A. Little
- Department of Chemistry
and Materials Innovation Factory, University
of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel L. Holden
- Department of Chemistry
and Materials Innovation Factory, University
of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Linjiang Chen
- Department of Chemistry
and Materials Innovation Factory, University
of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Samantha Y. Chong
- Department of Chemistry
and Materials Innovation Factory, University
of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Ben M. Alston
- Department of Chemistry
and Materials Innovation Factory, University
of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Rob Clowes
- Department of Chemistry
and Materials Innovation Factory, University
of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Maciej Haranczyk
- Computational Research Division, Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Michael E. Briggs
- Department of Chemistry
and Materials Innovation Factory, University
of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Hasell
- Department of Chemistry
and Materials Innovation Factory, University
of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Graeme M. Day
- School of
Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew I. Cooper
- Department of Chemistry
and Materials Innovation Factory, University
of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Reiss PS, Little MA, Santolini V, Chong SY, Hasell T, Jelfs KE, Briggs ME, Cooper AI. Periphery-Functionalized Porous Organic Cages. Chemistry 2016; 22:16547-16553. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul S. Reiss
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence; Department of Chemistry; University of York, Heslington; York YO10 5DD UK
| | - Marc A. Little
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory; University of Liverpool; Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Valentina Santolini
- Department of Chemistry; Imperial College London, South Kensington; London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Samantha Y. Chong
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory; University of Liverpool; Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Tom Hasell
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory; University of Liverpool; Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Kim E. Jelfs
- Department of Chemistry; Imperial College London, South Kensington; London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Michael E. Briggs
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory; University of Liverpool; Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Andrew I. Cooper
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory; University of Liverpool; Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen L, Reiss PS, Chong SY, Holden D, Jelfs KE, Hasell T, Little MA, Kewley A, Briggs ME, Stephenson A, Thomas KM, Armstrong JA, Bell J, Busto J, Noel R, Liu J, Strachan DM, Thallapally PK, Cooper AI. Separation of rare gases and chiral molecules by selective binding in porous organic cages. Nat Mater 2014; 13:954-960. [PMID: 25038731 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 384] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The separation of molecules with similar size and shape is an important technological challenge. For example, rare gases can pose either an economic opportunity or an environmental hazard and there is a need to separate these spherical molecules selectively at low concentrations in air. Likewise, chiral molecules are important building blocks for pharmaceuticals, but chiral enantiomers, by definition, have identical size and shape, and their separation can be challenging. Here we show that a porous organic cage molecule has unprecedented performance in the solid state for the separation of rare gases, such as krypton and xenon. The selectivity arises from a precise size match between the rare gas and the organic cage cavity, as predicted by molecular simulations. Breakthrough experiments demonstrate real practical potential for the separation of krypton, xenon and radon from air at concentrations of only a few parts per million. We also demonstrate selective binding of chiral organic molecules such as 1-phenylethanol, suggesting applications in enantioselective separation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linjiang Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Materials Discovery, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Paul S Reiss
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Materials Discovery, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Samantha Y Chong
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Materials Discovery, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Daniel Holden
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Materials Discovery, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Kim E Jelfs
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Materials Discovery, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Tom Hasell
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Materials Discovery, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Marc A Little
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Materials Discovery, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Adam Kewley
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Materials Discovery, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Michael E Briggs
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Materials Discovery, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Andrew Stephenson
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Materials Discovery, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK
| | - K Mark Thomas
- Wolfson Northern Carbon Reduction Laboratories, Drummond Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Jayne A Armstrong
- Wolfson Northern Carbon Reduction Laboratories, Drummond Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Jon Bell
- Wolfson Northern Carbon Reduction Laboratories, Drummond Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Jose Busto
- CPPM, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, 163 avenue de Luminy, case 902, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Raymond Noel
- CPPM, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, 163 avenue de Luminy, case 902, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Jian Liu
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Denis M Strachan
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | | | - Andrew I Cooper
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Materials Discovery, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK
| |
Collapse
|