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Vieira GC, Cristaldo PF, Parizotto DR. Management of Centris analis (Hymenoptera: Apidae): Investigating the Ideal Dimensions of Trap Nests for Use in Crop Pollination. Neotrop Entomol 2022; 51:397-403. [PMID: 35545735 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-022-00959-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Centris analis (Fabricius, 1804) is a solitary, cavity-nesting bee that is often recorded in studies through the use of trap nests. This species is considered to be a good candidate as a manageable pollinator for some orchards. However, further studies are still needed to optimize its rational rearing. This study sought to analyze female preference for different lengths and diameters of trap nests, as well as the effects of nest dimensions on the number of constructed cells, mortality rates, parasitism rates, and sex ratio. We used compact trap nests comprised of tubes with internal diameters ranging from 0.6 to 0.8 cm, and lengths ranging from 8 to 12 cm. The results showed that females preferred the narrowest (0.6 and 0.7 cm) and two of the longest cavities (10 and 12 cm). The greatest number of cells built was observed in the most used lengths. The lengths that were tested did not affect the mortality or parasitism rates or the sex ratio. Based on our findings concerning the dimensions examined, we recommend using the narrowest and longest cavities. The combined analyses of the tested parameters (diameter and length) demonstrated new data that can help improve the rearing and maintenance techniques applied to C. analis populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoge Carlos Vieira
- Depto de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Programa de Pós-graduação em Entomologia, Recife, Brazil
| | - Paulo Fellipe Cristaldo
- Depto de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Programa de Pós-graduação em Entomologia, Recife, Brazil
| | - Daniele Regina Parizotto
- Depto de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Programa de Pós-graduação em Entomologia, Recife, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Hymenoptera, Recife, Brazil.
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2
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Marins A, Cristaldo PF, Paiva LR, Miramontes O, DeSouza O. A new approach to mark termites (Cornitermes cumulans (Kollar) Blattodea: Isoptera) for laboratory bioassays. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e03316. [PMID: 34730713 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.03316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Behavioral lab bioassays involving termites must be promptly performed to allow intended observations prior to death from dissecation, typical of these soft-bodied insects. To this end, topic markers have been proposed as an alternative to histological stains which, while not always toxic are inevitably lengthy to apply. Among recommended topic markers, gouache is easy to apply, dries out quickly, but it is known affect termites in the long run, being suitable only to short-term bioassays. Its alternative, colored glue, is also easy to apply, but it takes long to dry and it is too dense and heavy, being thus prone to affect termite walking patterns. Here we tested a mix of gouache and colored glue aiming to combine the qualities of both into a suitable topical marker for Cornitermes cumulans termites. Similar patterns of survival presented by marked and unmarked termites ruled out concerns about toxicity of this mixture. Such results were consistent across distinct group densities evidencing that the mixture does not interfere with, nor it is affected by, crowding effects. Because crowding regulates interindividual interactions and these underlie most behaviors, the mixture can be thought to be suitable to behavioral studies. We argue that this 1:2 glue:gouache mixture is an excellent alternative to mark termites for lab bioassays. Being atoxic, cheap, easy to apply, and non-invasive, this mixture may happen to be useful not only for termites but also in bioassaying other similarly soft-bodied insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Marins
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV, Departamento de Entomologia, Laboratório de Termitologia, Viçosa, MG, Brasil.,Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV, Departamento de Solos, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | - P F Cristaldo
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV, Departamento de Entomologia, Laboratório de Termitologia, Viçosa, MG, Brasil.,Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - UFRPE, Departamento de Agronomia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia, Laboratório de Insetos Sinantrópicos, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - L R Paiva
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV, Departamento de Entomologia, Laboratório de Termitologia, Viçosa, MG, Brasil.,Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei - UFSJ, Ouro Branco, MG, Brasil
| | - O Miramontes
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Física, Departamento de Sistemas Complejos, Ciudad de México, México.,Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México, Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad - C3, Ciudad de México, México
| | - O DeSouza
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV, Departamento de Entomologia, Laboratório de Termitologia, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
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3
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Silva ANF, Silva CR, Santos REC, Arce CCM, Araújo APA, Cristaldo PF. Resource selection in nasute termite: The role of social information. Ethology 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/eth.13125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aline Nascimento Filgueira Silva
- Synanthropic Insect Laboratory Department of Agronomy Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil
- Post Graduate Program in Entomology Department of Agronomy Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil
| | - Cátila Regina Silva
- Synanthropic Insect Laboratory Department of Agronomy Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil
| | - Renan Edson Campelo Santos
- Synanthropic Insect Laboratory Department of Agronomy Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil
| | - Carla Cristina Marques Arce
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Chemical Ecology University of Neuchâtel Neuchâtel Switzerland
| | - Ana Paula Albano Araújo
- Ecological Interactions Laboratory Post Graduate Program in Ecology and Conservation Federal University of Sergipe São Cristóvão Brazil
| | - Paulo Fellipe Cristaldo
- Synanthropic Insect Laboratory Department of Agronomy Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil
- Post Graduate Program in Entomology Department of Agronomy Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil
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Santos AA, Melo CR, Oliveira BMS, Santana AS, Santos ACC, Sampaio TS, Blank AF, Cristaldo PF, Araújo APA, Bacci L. Acute Toxicity and Sub-lethal Effects of the Essential Oil of Aristolochia trilobata and Its Major Constituents on Nasutitermes corniger (Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae). Neotrop Entomol 2019; 48:515-521. [PMID: 30637578 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-018-0665-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nasutitermes corniger (Motschulsky, 1855) (Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae) is an important pest in urban environments and bioinsecticides can be an alternative to its control. Here, we determined the toxicity and repellence of the essential oil (EO) prepared from stems of Aristolochia trilobata L. (Aristolochiaceae) and its major constituents on N. corniger. We also investigated behavioral changes of individuals exposed to limonene. The lethal dose required to kill 50% of N. corniger population (LD50) of EO of A. trilobata was 2.44 μg mg-1. Limonene was the most toxic compound to N. corniger followed by linalool (LD50 = 1.02 and 1.29 μg mg-1, respectively). In addition, all treatments presented median lethal time (LT50) less than 11 h. A. trilobata EO and its constituents showed irritability activity, but only limonene repelled soldiers more than workers. The negative behaviors of N. corniger groups were higher in individuals treated with limonene. A. trilobata EO and its constituents, especially the limonene, are promising for the control of N. corniger due the high toxicity, repellence, and possible disturbance in the colonies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade (PPGAGRI), Univ Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Rosa Elze, 49100-000, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - C R Melo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade (PPGAGRI), Univ Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Rosa Elze, 49100-000, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - B M S Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade (PPGAGRI), Univ Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Rosa Elze, 49100-000, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - A S Santana
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade (PPGAGRI), Univ Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Rosa Elze, 49100-000, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - A C C Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade (PPGAGRI), Univ Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Rosa Elze, 49100-000, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - T S Sampaio
- Depto de Engenharia Agronômica, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brasil
| | - A F Blank
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade (PPGAGRI), Univ Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Rosa Elze, 49100-000, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
- Depto de Engenharia Agronômica, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brasil
| | - P F Cristaldo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia Agrícola, Depto de Agronomia, Univ Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil
| | - A P A Araújo
- Depto de Ecologia, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brasil
| | - L Bacci
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade (PPGAGRI), Univ Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Rosa Elze, 49100-000, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil.
- Depto de Engenharia Agronômica, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brasil.
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5
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Rodrigues VB, Costa DA, Cristaldo PF, DeSouza O. Lagged Population Growth in a Termite Host Colony: Cause or Consequence of Inquilinism? Neotrop Entomol 2018; 47:815-820. [PMID: 30259419 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-018-0634-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The presence of foreign organisms in the colonies of social insects could affect energy allocation to growth and reproduction of these hosts. Highly specialized invaders of such long-lived hosts, however, can be selected to be less harmful. After all, it pays for these symbionts to keep their host's good health thereby prolonging cohabitation in the homeostatic environment of the termite colony. Here, we investigated such a hypothesis, focusing on populational parameters of a termite host sharing its nest with an obligatory termite inquiline. To this end, 19 natural colonies of Constrictotermes cyphergaster (Silvestri, 1901) (Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae) were sampled and the (i) number of individuals, (ii) proportion of soldier/workers in the colonies, and (iii) presence/absence of obligatory inquiline Inquilinitermes microcerus (Silvestri, 1901) (Termitidae: Termitinae) were measured. Results revealed a negative correlation between the number of individuals and the proportion of soldier/workers in the host colonies with the presence of I. microcerus colonies. In search of causal mechanisms for such a correlation, we inspected life history traits of both, inquilines and hosts, hypothesizing that such a result could indicate either (i) a dampening effect of the inquiline upon its host population or (ii) the coincidence of the moment of inquiline infiltration with the natural reduction of C. cyphergaster populational growth at the onset of its reproductive phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- V B Rodrigues
- Lab de Termitologia, Depto de Entomologia, Univ Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | - D A Costa
- Lab de Termitologia, Depto de Entomologia, Univ Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
- Depto de Zoologia, Univ do Estado do Mato Grosso, Tangará da Serra, MT, Brasil
| | - P F Cristaldo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil.
| | - O DeSouza
- Lab de Termitologia, Depto de Entomologia, Univ Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
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6
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Ferreira DV, Sacramento JJM, Rocha MLC, Cruz JS, Santana DL, Cristaldo PF, Araújo APA. Does Distance Among Colonies and Resource Availability Explain the Intercolonial Aggressiveness in Nasutitermes aff. coxipoensis? Neotrop Entomol 2018; 47:808-814. [PMID: 30094633 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-018-0625-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Aggressive behaviour can ensure animal access to local resources. To reduce constant costs in the defence of territories, species could save energy with conflicts avoiding aggression with neighbour or in situations with abundance of resources. In the present study, we analysed the effect of distance among colonies and resource availability on the aggression level and responses to chemical cues of Nasutitermes aff. coxipoensis (Holmgren) (Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae). Manipulation of resource offer was conducted in the field, where nests with different distances were kept without addition of baits (control), with addition of three or 16 sugarcane baits/nest. After 3 months, aggressiveness, linear and Y-shaped trail-following bioassays were carried out with all pairwise combinations of colonies in each treatment. Our results showed that aggressive index of N. aff. coxipoensis was affected by the resource availability. However, individuals from colonies with 0 and 3 baits/nest showed a higher number of fighting with neighbours than those from non-neighbours colonies. Termite workers from colonies without baits (control) followed shorter distance in the linear trails compared to those from colonies with addition of baits. In all treatments, there was no preference of workers in relation to the choice of chemical cues from own or other colonies. The response of intercolonial aggressiveness in N. aff. coxipoensis seems to be resource-dependent. These results may contribute to the comprehension of the use of space by N. aff. coxipoensis and could be useful to explain patterns of termite co-occurrence at different spatial scales, from local (inside the nest-e.g. cohabitation of nests by inquilines) to regional (e.g. around the nest).
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Affiliation(s)
- D V Ferreira
- Lab de Interações Ecológicas, Depto de Ecologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - J J M Sacramento
- Lab de Interações Ecológicas, Depto de Ecologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - M L C Rocha
- Lab de Interações Ecológicas, Depto de Ecologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - J S Cruz
- Lab de Interações Ecológicas, Depto de Ecologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - D L Santana
- Lab de Interações Ecológicas, Depto de Ecologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - P F Cristaldo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - A P A Araújo
- Lab de Interações Ecológicas, Depto de Ecologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil.
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7
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Rocha AG, Oliveira BMS, Melo CR, Sampaio TS, Blank AF, Lima AD, Nunes RS, Araújo APA, Cristaldo PF, Bacci L. Lethal Effect and Behavioral Responses of Leaf-Cutting Ants to Essential Oil of Pogostemon cablin (Lamiaceae) and Its Nanoformulation. Neotrop Entomol 2018; 47:769-779. [PMID: 29995283 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-018-0615-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Leaf-cutting ants belonging to the genus Atta (Formicidae: Myrmicinae) are important pests in agricultural and forest environments. In the present study, we evaluated the formicidal activity of the essential oil of Pogostemon cablin and its nanoformulation on the leaf-cutting ants: Atta opaciceps (Borgmeier, 1939), Atta sexdens (Linnaeus, 1758), and Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel, 1908. The nanoformulation was developed by magnetic stirring using polyoxyethylene (36%), pure ethanol (36%), essential oil of P. cablin (18%), and water (10%). Bioassays of acute toxicity by fumigation and behavioral bioassays in treated arenas, with and without choice, were performed. The essential oil of P. cablin and its nanoformulation demonstrated efficient insecticidal activity and irritability to ant species. The concentration required to kill 50% of workers varied from 1.06 to 2.10 μL L-1, with a mean time to death of less than or equal to 42 h. The essential oil of P. cablin and its nanoformulation reduced the displacement and velocity speed of the workers of A. opaciceps and A. sexdens rubropilosa in totally treated arenas. In the bioassays with choices, the three species of ants walked less and at a greater speed on the treated side of arena. This work demonstrates the potential of the essential oil of P. cablin and its nanoformulation to the generation of new formicidal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Rocha
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade (PPGAGRI), Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - B M S Oliveira
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade (PPGAGRI), Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - C R Melo
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade (PPGAGRI), Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - T S Sampaio
- Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO), Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - A F Blank
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade (PPGAGRI), Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
- Depto de Engenharia Agronômica, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - A D Lima
- Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO), Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - R S Nunes
- Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO), Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - A P A Araújo
- Depto de Ecologia, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - P F Cristaldo
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade (PPGAGRI), Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
- Depto de Agronomia/Entomologia, Univ Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - L Bacci
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade (PPGAGRI), Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil.
- Depto de Engenharia Agronômica, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil.
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Rocha MLC, Cristaldo PF, Cruz JS, Sacramento JJM, Ferreira DV, Araújo APA. Ants Associated with Turnera subulata (Turneraceae): Elaiosome Attraction, Seed Dispersion and Germination. Neotrop Entomol 2018; 47:750-756. [PMID: 29982978 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-018-0616-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Symbiosis between plants and ants include examples in which the plant provides shelter and/or food for ants that, in turn, act in the defense or in the dispersion of seeds from the host plant. Although traditionally referred as mutualistic, the results of these interactions may vary with the ecological context in which patterns are involved. A range of species have facultative association with Turnera subulata (Turneraceae). Here, using behavioral bioassays, we investigated the effects of the most frequent ant species associated with T. subulata (Brachymyrmex sp.1, Camponotus blandus (Smith), Dorymyrmex sp.1, Crematogaster obscurata Emery, and Solenopsis invicta Buren) in the dispersion of plant host seeds and in the number of seedlings around the associated ant nests. We also evaluated the effects of these ant species in the germination of T. subulata seeds, in the consumption of elaiosome, and in the attractiveness to elaiosome odor. Our results showed that the ant species associated with T. subulata presented variation in the attraction by the odor and in the rate of consumption of the elaiosomes. However, none of the ant species studied contributed significantly to the increase of seed germination and seedling growth. Our results suggest that the consumption of the elaiosome by ant species is not a determinant factor to the success of germination of T. subulata. However, such species could contribute indirectly to seed germination by carrying seeds to sites more fertile to germination. In general, our results help to elucidate the results of ecological interactions involving ants and plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L C Rocha
- Lab de Interações Ecológicas, Depto de Ecologia, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brasil
| | - P F Cristaldo
- Lab de Interações Ecológicas, Depto de Ecologia, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brasil
| | - J S Cruz
- Lab de Interações Ecológicas, Depto de Ecologia, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brasil
| | - J J M Sacramento
- Lab de Interações Ecológicas, Depto de Ecologia, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brasil
| | - D V Ferreira
- Lab de Interações Ecológicas, Depto de Ecologia, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brasil
| | - A P A Araújo
- Lab de Interações Ecológicas, Depto de Ecologia, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brasil.
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9
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Cristaldo PF, Almeida CS, Cruz NG, Ribeiro EJM, Rocha MLC, Santos AA, Santana AS, Araújo APA. The Role of Resource Density on Energy Allocation in the Neotropical Termite Nasutitermes aff. coxipoensis (Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae). Neotrop Entomol 2018; 47:329-335. [PMID: 28466145 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-017-0525-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Organisms acquire energy from environment and must allocate it among different life traits (growth, maintenance and reproduction). Social insects must manage the energy allocation to various levels such as colony growth and caste functions. Here, we addressed the question of whether resource density affects the energy allocation to the number of individuals and caste functions as well as nest's growth rate in the Neotropical termite Nasutitermes aff. coxipoensis (Homgren) (Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae). In a manipulative field experiment, colonies of N. aff. coxipoensis, with known volume, were maintained in plots with three different resource's density (0.32, 0.64 and 1.92 baits/m2) over 3 months. After this period, the number of individuals as well as the caste identity and nest volume were measured. Surprisingly, our results showed that colonies reared in the extremes of resource's density (0.32 and 1.92 baits/m2) produced a higher number of individuals compared with colonies reared with intermediate resource density (0. 64 baits/m2). The mean number of workers increased linearly with resource density; however, the average number of immature was higher in colonies reared with 0.32 baits/m2 compared with colonies reared with 0.64 and 1.92 baits/m2. No significant differences of resource density were observed in the mean number of soldiers, worker/soldier ratio as well as in the nest's growth rate. In conclusion, the resource's density seems to play an important role in determining the investment of energy in the number of individuals and caste in N. aff. coxipoensis colonies.
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Affiliation(s)
- P F Cristaldo
- Lab de Interações Ecológicas, Depto de Ecologia, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil.
| | - C S Almeida
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - N G Cruz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - E J M Ribeiro
- Lab de Interações Ecológicas, Depto de Ecologia, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - M L C Rocha
- Lab de Interações Ecológicas, Depto de Ecologia, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - A A Santos
- Depto de Engenharia Agronômica, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - A S Santana
- Depto de Engenharia Agronômica, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - A P A Araújo
- Lab de Interações Ecológicas, Depto de Ecologia, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
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Santos AA, de Oliveira BMS, Melo CR, Lima APS, Santana EDR, Blank AF, Picanço MC, Araújo APA, Cristaldo PF, Bacci L. Sub-lethal effects of essential oil of Lippia sidoides on drywood termite Cryptotermes brevis (Blattodea: Termitoidea). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2017; 145:436-441. [PMID: 28778042 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The drywood termite Cryptotermes brevis (Walker, 1853) (Kalotermitidae) is one of the most important wood structural pest in the world. Substances from the secondary metabolism of plants (e.g., essential oils) have been considered an environmentally safer form of control for urban pests, such as termites. In the present study, we analyzed the lethal and sub-lethal effects of essential oil of Lippia sidoides and its major components on C. brevis pseudergates in two routes of exposure (contact and fumigation). The essential oil of L. sidoides and thymol were more toxic to C. brevis pseudergates when applied by contact (LD50 = 9.33 and 8.20µgmg-1, respectively) and by fumigation (LC50 = 9.10 and 23.6µLL-1, respectively). In general, treatments changed the individual and collective behaviors of C. brevis pseudergates, as well as the displacement and walking speed. The essential oil of L. sidoides and its major components showed a high potential to control C. brevis pseudergates, due to the bioactivity in the two routes of exposure and the sub-lethal effects on the behavior and walking, important activities for the cohesion of C. brevis colonies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraão Almeida Santos
- Departamento de Engenharia Agronômica, and Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil; Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Bruna Maria Santos de Oliveira
- Departamento de Engenharia Agronômica, and Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Carlisson Ramos Melo
- Departamento de Engenharia Agronômica, and Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Santana Lima
- Departamento de Engenharia Agronômica, and Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Emile Dayara Rabelo Santana
- Departamento de Engenharia Agronômica, and Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Arie Fitzgerald Blank
- Departamento de Engenharia Agronômica, and Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Coutinho Picanço
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Albano Araújo
- Departamento de Engenharia Agronômica, and Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Paulo Fellipe Cristaldo
- Departamento de Engenharia Agronômica, and Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Leandro Bacci
- Departamento de Engenharia Agronômica, and Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil.
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Almeida CS, Cristaldo PF, Florencio DF, Ribeiro EJM, Cruz NG, Silva EA, Costa DA, Araújo APA. The impact of edge effect on termite community (Blattodea: Isoptera) in fragments of Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest. BRAZ J BIOL 2016; 77:519-526. [PMID: 27683814 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.17815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Habitat fragmentation is considered to be one of the biggest threats to tropical ecosystem functioning. In this region, termites perform an important ecological role as decomposers and ecosystem engineers. In the present study, we tested whether termite community is negatively affected by edge effects on three fragments of Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest. Termite abundance and vegetation structure were sampled in 10 transects (15 × 2 m), while termite richness, activity, and soil litter biomass were measured in 16 quadrants (5 × 2 m) at forest edge and interior of each fragment. Habitat structure (i.e. number of tree, diameter at breast height and soil litter biomass) did not differ between forest edge and interior of fragments. Termite richness, abundance and activity were not affected by edge effect. However, differences were observed in the β diversity between forest edge and interior as well as in the fragments sampled. The β diversity partitioning indicates that species turnover is the determinant process of termite community composition under edge effect. Our results suggest that conservation strategies should be based on the selection of several distinct sites instead of few rich sites (e.g. nesting).
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Almeida
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal de Sergipe - UFS, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, CEP 49100-000, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil.,Laboratório de Interações Ecológicas, Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe - UFS, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, CEP 49100-000, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - P F Cristaldo
- Laboratório de Interações Ecológicas, Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe - UFS, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, CEP 49100-000, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - D F Florencio
- Departamento de Agrotecnologia e Ciências Sociais, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido - UFERSA, BR 110, Km 47, Bairro Pres. Costa e Silva, CP 137, CEP 59625-900, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - E J M Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Interações Ecológicas, Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe - UFS, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, CEP 49100-000, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - N G Cruz
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal de Sergipe - UFS, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, CEP 49100-000, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil.,Laboratório de Interações Ecológicas, Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe - UFS, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, CEP 49100-000, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - E A Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal de Rondônia - UNIR, Av. Norte Sul, 7300, Bairro Nova Morada, CEP 76940-000, Rolim de Moura, RO, Brazil
| | - D A Costa
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso - UNEMAT, Rod. MT. 358, Km 07, Jd. Aeroporto, CEP 78300-000, Tangará da Serra, MT, Brazil
| | - A P A Araújo
- Laboratório de Interações Ecológicas, Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe - UFS, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, CEP 49100-000, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
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Jirošová A, Sillam-Dussès D, Kyjaková P, Kalinová B, Dolejšová K, Jančařík A, Majer P, Cristaldo PF, Hanus R. Smells Like Home: Chemically Mediated Co-Habitation of Two Termite Species in a Single Nest. J Chem Ecol 2016; 42:1070-1081. [PMID: 27639394 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-016-0756-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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13
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DeSouza O, Araújo APA, Florencio DF, Rosa CS, Marins A, Costa DA, Rodrigues VB, Cristaldo PF. Allometric Scaling of Patrolling Rate and Nest Volume in Constrictotermes cyphergaster Termites: Hints on the Settlement of Inquilines. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147594. [PMID: 26808197 PMCID: PMC4726492 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural and functional traits of organisms are known to be related to the size of individuals and to the size of their colonies when they belong to one. Among such traits, propensity to inquilinism in termites is known to relate positively to colony size. Larger termitaria hold larger diversity of facultative inquilines than smaller nests, whereas obligate inquilines seem unable to settle in nests smaller than a threshold volume. Respective underlying mechanisms, however, remain hypothetical. Here we test one of such hypotheses, namely, that nest defence correlates negatively to nest volume in Constrictotermes cyphergaster termites (Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae). As a surrogate to defence, we used ‘patrolling rate’, i.e., the number of termite individuals attending per unit time an experimentally damaged spot on the outer wall of their termitaria. We found that patrolling rate decayed allometrically with increasing nest size. Conspicuously higher patrolling rates occurred in smaller nests, while conspicuously lower rates occurred in larger nests presenting volumes in the vicinity of the threshold value for the establishment of inquilinism. This could be proven adaptive for the host and guest. At younger nest age, host colonies are smaller and presumably more vulnerable and unstable. Enhanced defence rates may, hence, prevent eventual risks to hosts from inquilinism at the same time that it prevents inquilines to settle in a still unstable nest. Conversely, when colonies grow and maturate enough to stand threats, they would invest in priorities other than active defence, opening an opportunity for inquilines to settle in nests which are more suitable or less risky. Under this two-fold process, cohabitation between host and inquiline could readily stabilize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Og DeSouza
- Laboratório de Termitologia, Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Albano Araújo
- Laboratório de Interações Ecológicas, Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Daniela Faria Florencio
- Departamento de Agrotecnologia e Ciências Sociais, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | | | - Alessandra Marins
- Laboratório de Termitologia, Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Diogo Andrade Costa
- Laboratório de Termitologia, Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Tangará da Serra, MT, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Barros Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Termitologia, Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Paulo Fellipe Cristaldo
- Laboratório de Interações Ecológicas, Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Florencio DF, Marins A, Rosa CS, Cristaldo PF, Araújo APA, Silva IR, DeSouza O. Diet Segregation between Cohabiting Builder and Inquiline Termite Species. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66535. [PMID: 23805229 PMCID: PMC3689842 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
How do termite inquilines manage to cohabit termitaria along with the termite builder species? With this in mind, we analysed one of the several strategies that inquilines could use to circumvent conflicts with their hosts, namely, the use of distinct diets. We inspected overlapping patterns for the diets of several cohabiting Neotropical termite species, as inferred from carbon and nitrogen isotopic signatures for termite individuals. Cohabitant communities from distinct termitaria presented overlapping diet spaces, indicating that they exploited similar diets at the regional scale. When such communities were split into their components, full diet segregation could be observed between builders and inquilines, at regional (environment-wide) and local (termitarium) scales. Additionally, diet segregation among inquilines themselves was also observed in the vast majority of inspected termitaria. Inquiline species distribution among termitaria was not random. Environmental-wide diet similarity, coupled with local diet segregation and deterministic inquiline distribution, could denounce interactions for feeding resources. However, inquilines and builders not sharing the same termitarium, and thus not subject to potential conflicts, still exhibited distinct diets. Moreover, the areas of the builder’s diet space and that of its inquilines did not correlate negatively. Accordingly, the diet areas of builders which hosted inquilines were in average as large as the areas of builders hosting no inquilines. Such results indicate the possibility that dietary partitioning by these cohabiting termites was not majorly driven by current interactive constraints. Rather, it seems to be a result of traits previously fixed in the evolutionary past of cohabitants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Faria Florencio
- Departamento de Entomologia, Lab Termitologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Curitibanos, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Marins
- Departamento de Entomologia, Lab Termitologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Cassiano Sousa Rosa
- Departamento de Entomologia, Lab Termitologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais, João Monlevade, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Paulo Fellipe Cristaldo
- Departamento de Entomologia, Lab Termitologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Infochemicals Research Team, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Ivo Ribeiro Silva
- Departamento de Solos, Laboratório de Isótopos Estáveis, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Og DeSouza
- Departamento de Entomologia, Lab Termitologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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