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Shi J, Zhang Y, Zheng W, Michailidou K, Ghoussaini M, Bolla MK, Wang Q, Dennis J, Lush M, Milne RL, Shu XO, Beesley J, Kar S, Andrulis IL, Anton-Culver H, Arndt V, Beckmann MW, Zhao Z, Guo X, Benitez J, Beeghly-Fadiel A, Blot W, Bogdanova NV, Bojesen SE, Brauch H, Brenner H, Brinton L, Broeks A, Brüning T, Burwinkel B, Cai H, Canisius S, Chang-Claude J, Choi JY, Couch FJ, Cox A, Cross SS, Czene K, Darabi H, Devilee P, Droit A, Dork T, Fasching PA, Fletcher O, Flyger H, Fostira F, Gaborieau V, García-Closas M, Giles GG, Guenel P, Haiman CA, Hamann U, Hartman M, Miao H, Hollestelle A, Hopper JL, Hsiung CN, Ito H, Jakubowska A, Johnson N, Torres D, Kabisch M, Kang D, Khan S, Knight JA, Kosma VM, Lambrechts D, Li J, Lindblom A, Lophatananon A, Lubinski J, Mannermaa A, Manoukian S, Le Marchand L, Margolin S, Marme F, Matsuo K, McLean C, Meindl A, Muir K, Neuhausen SL, Nevanlinna H, Nord S, Børresen-Dale AL, Olson JE, Orr N, van den Ouweland AM, Peterlongo P, Putti TC, Rudolph A, Sangrajrang S, Sawyer EJ, Schmidt MK, Schmutzler RK, Shen CY, Hou MF, Shrubsole MJ, Southey MC, Swerdlow A, Teo SH, Thienpont B, Toland AE, Tollenaar RA, Tomlinson I, Truong T, Tseng CC, Wen W, Winqvist R, Wu AH, Yip CH, Zamora PM, Zheng Y, Floris G, Cheng CY, Hooning MJ, Martens JW, Seynaeve C, Kristensen VN, Hall P, Pharoah PD, Simard J, Chenevix-Trench G, Dunning AM, Antoniou AC, Easton DF, Cai Q, Long J. Fine-scale mapping of 8q24 locus identifies multiple independent risk variants for breast cancer. Int J Cancer 2016; 139:1303-1317. [PMID: 27087578 PMCID: PMC5110427 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Previous genome-wide association studies among women of European ancestry identified two independent breast cancer susceptibility loci represented by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs13281615 and rs11780156 at 8q24. A fine-mapping study across 2.06 Mb (chr8:127,561,724-129,624,067, hg19) in 55,540 breast cancer cases and 51,168 controls within the Breast Cancer Association Consortium was conducted. Three additional independent association signals in women of European ancestry, represented by rs35961416 (OR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.93-0.97, conditional p = 5.8 × 10(-6) ), rs7815245 (OR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.91-0.96, conditional p = 1.1 × 10(-6) ) and rs2033101 (OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.02-1.07, conditional p = 1.1 × 10(-4) ) were found. Integrative analysis using functional genomic data from the Roadmap Epigenomics, the Encyclopedia of DNA Elements project, the Cancer Genome Atlas and other public resources implied that SNPs rs7815245 in Signal 3, and rs1121948 in Signal 5 (in linkage disequilibrium with rs11780156, r(2) = 0.77), were putatively functional variants for two of the five independent association signals. The results highlighted multiple 8q24 variants associated with breast cancer susceptibility in women of European ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Shi
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Kyriaki Michailidou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Maya Ghoussaini
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Manjeet K. Bolla
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Qin Wang
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Joe Dennis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Michael Lush
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Roger L. Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria 3053, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3053, Australia
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Jonathan Beesley
- Department of Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Siddhartha Kar
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Irene L. Andrulis
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Hoda Anton-Culver
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Volker Arndt
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Matthias W. Beckmann
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Zhiguo Zhao
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Xingyi Guo
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Javier Benitez
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alicia Beeghly-Fadiel
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - William Blot
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
- International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Natalia V. Bogdanova
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Stig E. Bojesen
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev Hospital, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hiltrud Brauch
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart 70376, Germany
- University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72074, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Louise Brinton
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Annegien Broeks
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Amsterdam 1066 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Bochum 44789, Germany
| | - Barbara Burwinkel
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- Molecular Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Hui Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Sander Canisius
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Ji-Yeob Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Fergus J. Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Angela Cox
- Sheffield Cancer Research Centre, Department of Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - Simon S. Cross
- Academic Unit of Pathology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Kamila Czene
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-17177, Sweden
| | - Hatef Darabi
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-17177, Sweden
| | - Peter Devilee
- Separtment of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, The Netherlands
| | - Arnaud Droit
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center, Laval University, Québec City G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Thilo Dork
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Peter A. Fasching
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen 91054, Germany
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Olivia Fletcher
- Division of Cancer Studies, Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Henrik Flyger
- Department of Breast Surgery, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Florentia Fostira
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, IRRP, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", 153 10 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Montserrat García-Closas
- Division of Cancer Studies, Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Graham G. Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria 3053, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3053, Australia
| | - Mervi Grip
- Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu FI-90220, Finland
| | - Pascal Guenel
- Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, INSERM, Villejuif 94807, France
- University Paris-Sud, Villejuif 94807, France
| | - Christopher A. Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Ute Hamann
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Mikael Hartman
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore 117597
| | - Hui Miao
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Antoinette Hollestelle
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John L. Hopper
- Division of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Technische Universität München, Munich 81675, Germany
| | - Chia-Ni Hsiung
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - kConFab Investigators
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, The University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australi
| | - Hidemi Ito
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Aichi 464-8681, Japan
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin 70-115, Poland
| | - Nichola Johnson
- Division of Cancer Studies, Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Diana Torres
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota 12362, Colombi
| | - Maria Kabisch
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Daehee Kang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00029 HUS, Finland
| | - Sofia Khan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00029 HUS, Finland
| | - Julia A. Knight
- Prosserman Centre for Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Veli-Matti Kosma
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine and Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finlan
- Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio 70210, Finland
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Vesalius Research Center, Leuven 3000, Belgium
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Jingmei Li
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-17177, Sweden
| | - Annika Lindblom
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-17177, Sweden
| | - Artitaya Lophatananon
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, Warwick University, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Jan Lubinski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin 70-115, Poland
| | - Arto Mannermaa
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine and Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finlan
- Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio 70210, Finland
| | - Siranoush Manoukian
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Milan 20133, Italy
| | | | - Sara Margolin
- Department of Oncology - Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-17177, Sweden
| | - Frederik Marme
- National Center for Tumor Diseases, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Kyushu University Faculty of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Catriona McLean
- Anatomical Pathology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, , Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Alfons Meindl
- Division of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Technische Universität München, Munich 81675, Germany
| | - Kenneth Muir
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, Warwick University, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | | | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00029 HUS, Finland
| | - Silje Nord
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Ullernchausseen 70, N-0310 Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer Research, Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne-Lise Børresen-Dale
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Ullernchausseen 70, N-0310 Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer Research, Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
| | - Janet E. Olson
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Nick Orr
- Division of Breast Cancer Research, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK; Cancer Research, Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Ans M.W. van den Ouweland
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paolo Peterlongo
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan 20139, Italy
| | | | - Anja Rudolph
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | | | - Elinor J. Sawyer
- Research Oncology, Guy’s Hospital, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Marjanka K. Schmidt
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Amsterdam 1066 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Rita K. Schmutzler
- Division of Molecular Gyneco-Oncology, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany
- Center of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Chen-Yang Shen
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Taiwan Biobank, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Feng Hou
- Cancer Center and Department of Surgery, Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Matha J Shrubsole
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Melissa C. Southey
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Anthony Swerdlow
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology and Division of Breast Cancer Research, Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Soo Hwang Teo
- Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- Breast Cancer Research Unit, Cancer Research Institute, University Malaya Medical Centre, 59100 KualaLumpur, Malaysia
| | - Bernard Thienpont
- Vesalius Research Center, Leuven 3000, Belgium
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Amanda E. Toland
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Robert A.E.M. Tollenaar
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ian Tomlinson
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics and Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Therese Truong
- Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, INSERM, Villejuif 94807, France
- University Paris-Sud, Villejuif 94807, France
| | - Chiu-chen Tseng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Wanqing Wen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Robert Winqvist
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Oulu, Oulu FI-90220, Finland
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Northern Finland Laboratory Centre NordLab, Oulu FI-90220, Finland
| | - Anna H. Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Cheng Har Yip
- Breast Cancer Research Unit, Cancer Research Institute, University Malaya Medical Centre, 59100 KualaLumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pilar M. Zamora
- Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid 28046, Spain
| | - Ying Zheng
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200336, PR China
| | | | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Maartje J. Hooning
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John W.M. Martens
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Seynaeve
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vessela N. Kristensen
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Ullernchausseen 70, N-0310 Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer Research, Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen), Akershus University Hospital, University of Oslo (UiO), Oslo, Norway
| | - Per Hall
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-17177, Sweden
| | - Paul D.P. Pharoah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Jacques Simard
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center, Laval University, Québec City G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Georgia Chenevix-Trench
- Department of Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, The University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australi
| | - Alison M. Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Antonis C. Antoniou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Douglas F. Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Jirong Long
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
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Khan S, Greco D, Michailidou K, Milne RL, Muranen TA, Heikkinen T, Aaltonen K, Dennis J, Bolla MK, Liu J, Hall P, Irwanto A, Humphreys K, Li J, Czene K, Chang-Claude J, Hein R, Rudolph A, Seibold P, Flesch-Janys D, Fletcher O, Peto J, dos Santos Silva I, Johnson N, Gibson L, Aitken Z, Hopper JL, Tsimiklis H, Bui M, Makalic E, Schmidt DF, Southey MC, Apicella C, Stone J, Waisfisz Q, Meijers-Heijboer H, Adank MA, van der Luijt RB, Meindl A, Schmutzler RK, Müller-Myhsok B, Lichtner P, Turnbull C, Rahman N, Chanock SJ, Hunter DJ, Cox A, Cross SS, Reed MWR, Schmidt MK, Broeks A, Veer LJVAN, Hogervorst FB, Fasching PA, Schrauder MG, Ekici AB, Beckmann MW, Bojesen SE, Nordestgaard BG, Nielsen SF, Flyger H, Benitez J, Zamora PM, Perez JIA, Haiman CA, Henderson BE, Schumacher F, Le Marchand L, Pharoah PDP, Dunning AM, Shah M, Luben R, Brown J, Couch FJ, Wang X, Vachon C, Olson JE, Lambrechts D, Moisse M, Paridaens R, Christiaens MR, Guénel P, Truong T, Laurent-Puig P, Mulot C, Marme F, Burwinkel B, Schneeweiss A, Sohn C, Sawyer EJ, Tomlinson I, Kerin MJ, Miller N, Andrulis IL, Knight JA, Tchatchou S, Mulligan AM, Dörk T, Bogdanova NV, Antonenkova NN, Anton-Culver H, Darabi H, Eriksson M, Garcia-Closas M, Figueroa J, Lissowska J, Brinton L, Devilee P, Tollenaar RAEM, Seynaeve C, van Asperen CJ, Kristensen VN, Slager S, Toland AE, Ambrosone CB, Yannoukakos D, Lindblom A, Margolin S, Radice P, Peterlongo P, Barile M, Mariani P, Hooning MJ, Martens JWM, Collée JM, Jager A, Jakubowska A, Lubinski J, Jaworska-Bieniek K, Durda K, Giles GG, McLean C, Brauch H, Brüning T, Ko YD, Brenner H, Dieffenbach AK, Arndt V, Stegmaier C, Swerdlow A, Ashworth A, Orr N, Jones M, Simard J, Goldberg MS, Labrèche F, Dumont M, Winqvist R, Pylkäs K, Jukkola-Vuorinen A, Grip M, Kataja V, Kosma VM, Hartikainen JM, Mannermaa A, Hamann U, Chenevix-Trench G, Blomqvist C, Aittomäki K, Easton DF, Nevanlinna H. MicroRNA related polymorphisms and breast cancer risk. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109973. [PMID: 25390939 PMCID: PMC4229095 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variations, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in microRNAs (miRNA) or in the miRNA binding sites may affect the miRNA dependent gene expression regulation, which has been implicated in various cancers, including breast cancer, and may alter individual susceptibility to cancer. We investigated associations between miRNA related SNPs and breast cancer risk. First we evaluated 2,196 SNPs in a case-control study combining nine genome wide association studies (GWAS). Second, we further investigated 42 SNPs with suggestive evidence for association using 41,785 cases and 41,880 controls from 41 studies included in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC). Combining the GWAS and BCAC data within a meta-analysis, we estimated main effects on breast cancer risk as well as risks for estrogen receptor (ER) and age defined subgroups. Five miRNA binding site SNPs associated significantly with breast cancer risk: rs1045494 (odds ratio (OR) 0.92; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.88-0.96), rs1052532 (OR 0.97; 95% CI: 0.95-0.99), rs10719 (OR 0.97; 95% CI: 0.94-0.99), rs4687554 (OR 0.97; 95% CI: 0.95-0.99, and rs3134615 (OR 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01-1.05) located in the 3' UTR of CASP8, HDDC3, DROSHA, MUSTN1, and MYCL1, respectively. DROSHA belongs to miRNA machinery genes and has a central role in initial miRNA processing. The remaining genes are involved in different molecular functions, including apoptosis and gene expression regulation. Further studies are warranted to elucidate whether the miRNA binding site SNPs are the causative variants for the observed risk effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Khan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dario Greco
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kyriaki Michailidou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Roger L. Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Taru A. Muranen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuomas Heikkinen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kirsimari Aaltonen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Oncology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joe Dennis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Manjeet K. Bolla
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Human Genetics Division, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Per Hall
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Astrid Irwanto
- Human Genetics Division, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Keith Humphreys
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jingmei Li
- Human Genetics Division, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kamila Czene
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rebecca Hein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- PMV Research Group at the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anja Rudolph
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Petra Seibold
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dieter Flesch-Janys
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology/Clinical Cancer Registry and Institute for Medical Biometrics and Epidemiology, University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Olivia Fletcher
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Julian Peto
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Isabel dos Santos Silva
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nichola Johnson
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lorna Gibson
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zoe Aitken
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - John L. Hopper
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Helen Tsimiklis
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Minh Bui
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Enes Makalic
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Daniel F. Schmidt
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Melissa C. Southey
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Carmel Apicella
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jennifer Stone
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Quinten Waisfisz
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hanne Meijers-Heijboer
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Muriel A. Adank
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob B. van der Luijt
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alfons Meindl
- Division of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Rita K. Schmutzler
- Division of Molecular Gyneco-Oncology, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Peter Lichtner
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Clare Turnbull
- Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Nazneen Rahman
- Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen J. Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - David J. Hunter
- Program in Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Angela Cox
- CRUK/YCR Sheffield Cancer Research Centre, Department of Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Simon S. Cross
- Academic Unit of Pathology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Malcolm W. R. Reed
- CRUK/YCR Sheffield Cancer Research Centre, Department of Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Marjanka K. Schmidt
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annegien Broeks
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Frans B. Hogervorst
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter A. Fasching
- University Breast Center Franconia, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Cancer Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Michael G. Schrauder
- University Breast Center Franconia, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Cancer Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arif B. Ekici
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias W. Beckmann
- University Breast Center Franconia, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Cancer Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stig E. Bojesen
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Børge G. Nordestgaard
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sune F. Nielsen
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Flyger
- Department of Breast Surgery, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Javier Benitez
- Human Genetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar M. Zamora
- Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose I. A. Perez
- Servicio de Cirugía General y Especialidades, Hospital Monte Naranco, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Christopher A. Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Brian E. Henderson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Fredrick Schumacher
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Paul D. P. Pharoah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alison M. Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mitul Shah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Luben
- Clinical Gerontology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Judith Brown
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Fergus J. Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Xianshu Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Celine Vachon
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Janet E. Olson
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Vesalius Research Center (VRC), VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matthieu Moisse
- Vesalius Research Center (VRC), VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robert Paridaens
- Oncology Department, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Pascal Guénel
- Inserm (National Institute of Health and Medical Research), CESP (Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health), U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Villejuif, France
- University Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France
| | - Thérèse Truong
- Inserm (National Institute of Health and Medical Research), CESP (Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health), U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Villejuif, France
- University Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Claire Mulot
- Université Paris Sorbonne Cité, UMR-S775 Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Frederick Marme
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Barbara Burwinkel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Molecular Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Schneeweiss
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christof Sohn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elinor J. Sawyer
- Research Oncology, Division of Cancer Studies, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Tomlinson
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics and Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J. Kerin
- Clinical Science Institute, University Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Nicola Miller
- Clinical Science Institute, University Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Irene L. Andrulis
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julia A. Knight
- Prosserman Centre for Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandrine Tchatchou
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anna Marie Mulligan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, and the Keenan Research Centre of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | - Hoda Anton-Culver
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Hatef Darabi
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Eriksson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Montserrat Garcia-Closas
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jonine Figueroa
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Louise Brinton
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Peter Devilee
- Department of Human Genetics & Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Caroline Seynaeve
- Family Cancer Clinic, Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC-Daniel den Hoed Cancer Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Vessela N. Kristensen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen), University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Susan Slager
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Amanda E. Toland
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | | | - Drakoulis Yannoukakos
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, IRRP, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Aghia Paraskevi Attikis, Athens, Greece
| | - Annika Lindblom
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Margolin
- Department of Oncology - Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paolo Radice
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Peterlongo
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Barile
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia (IEO), Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Mariani
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
- Cogentech Cancer Genetic Test Laboratory, Milan, Italy
| | - Maartje J. Hooning
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John W. M. Martens
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J. Margriet Collée
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Agnes Jager
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jan Lubinski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Jaworska-Bieniek
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Durda
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Graham G. Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Catriona McLean
- Anatomical Pathology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Hiltrud Brauch
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
- University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Yon-Dschun Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelische Kliniken Bonn gGmbH, Johanniter Krankenhaus, Bonn, Germany
| | - The GENICA Network
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
- University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelische Kliniken Bonn gGmbH, Johanniter Krankenhaus, Bonn, Germany
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Occupational Medicine and Maritime Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty of the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aida Karina Dieffenbach
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Volker Arndt
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Anthony Swerdlow
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology and Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Alan Ashworth
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nick Orr
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Jones
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Jacques Simard
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center and Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mark S. Goldberg
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University Health Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - France Labrèche
- Départements de Santé Environnementale et Santé au Travail et de Médecine Sociale et Préventive, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Martine Dumont
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center and Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Robert Winqvist
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, NordLab Oulu/Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Katri Pylkäs
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, NordLab Oulu/Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Mervi Grip
- Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Vesa Kataja
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oncology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Cancer Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Veli-Matti Kosma
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jaana M. Hartikainen
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Arto Mannermaa
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ute Hamann
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Carl Blomqvist
- Department of Oncology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kristiina Aittomäki
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Douglas F. Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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