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Xue Y, Wei Y, Cao L, Shi M, Sheng J, Xiao Q, Cheng Z, Luo T, Jiao Q, Wu A, Chen C, Zhong L, Zhang C. Protective effects of scutellaria-coptis herb couple against non-alcoholic steatohepatitis via activating NRF2 and FXR pathways in vivo and in vitro. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 318:116933. [PMID: 37482263 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Scutellaria-coptis herb couple (SC) is a classic herbal pair used in many Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formulations in the treatment of endocrine and metabolic deseases. Diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are both endocrine and metabolic diseases. Previous studies have shown that SC has anti-diabetic effects. However, the effect and mechanism of SC against NASH remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to demonstrate the effect and mechanism of SC against NASH through the nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and farnesoid X receptor (FXR) dual signaling pathways in vivo and in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS The high fat diet-fed rat model, and HepG2 and RAW264.7 cell models were used. Serum biochemical indexes and liver histopathological changes were examined. Metabolomics, transcriptomics, and flow cytometry were performed. RT-qPCR and western blot analysis were performed to provide expression of NRF2 and FXR pathway signal molecules during SC's anti-NASH treatment in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS SC had anti-NASH effects in vivo with significantly improvement of serum NASH biochemical index and hepatopathological structure; meanwhile, SC significantly elevated the expression levels of FXR protein in liver and intestinal tissues, and cholesterol 7a-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) protein in liver. The mRNA expression levels of Takeda G protein receptor 5 (TGR5), CYP7A1, fibroblast growth factor receptor-4 (FGFR4), FXR, small heterodimer partner (SHP), fibroblast growth factor 15/19 (FGF15/19) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) were significantly elevated by SC. SC reduced the levels of NorCA, isoLCA and α-MCA in the feces of NAFLD rats. In vitro, SC-containing serum (SC-CS) was found to significantly reduce intracellular lipid deposition, inhibit ROS production, reduce intracellular Malondialdehyde (MDA) and IL-1β levels, and enhance the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). Six differential genes closely related to oxidative stress and Nrf2 were identified by transcriptomic analysis. SC-CS up-regulated the expression of NRF2, and reduced the expression of TXNIP and Caspase-1 genes in RAW264.7 cells. In addition, SC-CS reduced the expression of Keap1 and NF-κB, and up-regulated the expression of Nrf2, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), and SOD; SC-CS elevated the protein level of NRF2, and reduced the protein level of TXNIP in HepG2 cells. CONCLUSIONS the mechanisms of SC action against NASH was closely related to the simultaneous activations of both NRF2 and FXR signaling pathways. These findings provide a new insight into the anti-NASH application of SC in clinical settings and demonstrate the potential of SC in the treatment of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Xue
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Yue Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Lan Cao
- Research Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, PR China
| | - Min Shi
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Junqing Sheng
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, PR China
| | - Qin Xiao
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Ziwen Cheng
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Tao Luo
- First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006, PR China
| | - Quanhui Jiao
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Ailan Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
| | - Lingyun Zhong
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China.
| | - Changhua Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China; Nanchang Research Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangxi, 330096, PR China.
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Xue Y, Wei Y, Cao L, Shi M, Sheng J, Xiao Q, Cheng Z, Luo T, Jiao Q, Wu A, Chen C, Zhong L, Zhang C. Protective effects of scutellaria-coptis herb couple against non-alcoholic steatohepatitis via activating NRF2 and FXR pathways in vivo and in vitro. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2024; 318:116933. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2023.116933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2024]
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3
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Jiao Q, Liu ZY. [Interpretation of the third edition Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 103:3238-3244. [PMID: 37926565 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20230724-00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Based on the changes of the classification and nomenclature in the fifth edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of thyroid neoplasms, the third edition Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology (TBSRTC) was revised in June 2023. Two new chapters have been added: one addressing the clinical perspectives and imaging findings in thyroid disease and another summarizing the molecular test for thyroid cytology. A discussion of risk of malignancy (ROM) and clinical management algorithms for pediatric thyroid carcinoma have been added. The third edition provides an average ROM for each category, in addition to the expected range of cancer risk. This paper aims to interpret the main changes in the third edition TBSRTC and to provide guidelines for the clinical management of thyroid nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Jiao
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Z Y Liu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
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Huang J, Luo YL, Bai YQ, Jiao Q, Chen J, Jiang ZM, Liu ZY, Zhang HZ. [Fibrocartilaginous mesenchymoma: a clinicopathological analysis of four cases]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2023; 52:25-30. [PMID: 36617902 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20221026-00886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical, radiological, histological and molecular features and the differential diagnosis of fibrocartilaginous mesenchymoma (FM). Methods: Four cases of FM diagnosed in the Department of Pathology, the Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine from 2020 to 2022 were analyzed. Related literature was also reviewed. Results: Case 1 was a 10-year-old girl with bone destruction in the sacrum and L5 articular processes revealed by CT scan. Case 2 was a 7-year-old girl with an aggressive lesion in her right distal ulna. Case 3 was an 11-year-old boy with a lesion in the metaphysis of his left proximal tibia. Case 4 was an 11-year-old boy with bone destruction in the distal portion of a radius. Microscopically, the four tumors all consisted of numerous spindle cells, hyaline cartilage nodules, and bone trabeculae. The hypocellular to moderately cellular spindle cell component contained elongated cells with slightly hyperchromatic, mildly atypical nuclei arranged in bundles or intersecting fascicles. Benign-appearing cartilaginous nodules of various sizes and shapes were scattered throughout the tumors. There were areas mimicking epiphyseal growth-plate characterized by chondrocytes arranged in parallel columns and areas of enchondral ossification. The stroma was rich in mucus in case 1. Mutation of GNAS and IDH1/IDH2 and amplification of MDM2 gene were not found in any of the three tested cases. Conclusions: FM is very rare and tends to affect young patients. It most frequently occurs in the metaphysis of long tubular bones, followed by the iliac-pubic bones and vertebrae. FM is characterized by a mixed population of spindle cells, hyaline cartilage nodules and trabeculae of bone, without specific immunophenotypes and molecular alternations. As a borderline, locally aggressive neoplasm, surgical removal with a wide margin is generally the treatment of choice for FM.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Huang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Y L Luo
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Y Q Bai
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Q Jiao
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - J Chen
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Z M Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Z Y Liu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - H Z Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
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Zhang F, Sun J, Tang X, Liang Y, Jiao Q, Yu B, Dai Z, Yuan X, Li J, Yan J, Zhang Z, Fan S, Wang M, Hu H, Zhang C, Lv XB. Stabilization of SAMHD1 by NONO is crucial for Ara-C resistance in AML. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:590. [PMID: 35803902 PMCID: PMC9270467 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05023-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cytarabine (Ara-C) is the first-line drug for the treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). However, resistance eventually develops, decreasing the efficacy of Ara-C in AML patients. The expression of SAMHD1, a deoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) triphosphohydrolase, has been reported to be elevated in Ara-C-resistant AML patients and to play a crucial role in mediating Ara-C resistance in AML. However, the mechanism by which SAMHD1 is upregulated in resistant AML remains unknown. In this study, NONO interacted with and stabilized SAMHD1 by inhibiting DCAF1-mediated ubiquitination/degradation of SAMHD1. Overexpression of NONO increased SAMHD1 expression and reduced the sensitivity of AML cells to Ara-C, and downregulation of NONO had the opposite effects. In addition, the DNA-damaging agents DDP and adriamycin (ADM) reduced NONO/SAMHD1 expression and sensitized AML cells to Ara-C. More importantly, NONO was upregulated in Ara-C-resistant AML cells, resulting in increased SAMHD1 expression in resistant AML cells, and DDP and ADM treatment resensitized resistant AML cells to Ara-C. This study revealed the mechanism by which SAMHD1 is upregulated in Ara-C-resistant AML cells and provided novel therapeutic strategies for Ara-C-resistant AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Zhang
- grid.479689.dJiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Nanchang, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, North 128 Xiangshan Road, Nanchang, 330008 China
| | - Jun Sun
- grid.479689.dJiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Nanchang, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, North 128 Xiangshan Road, Nanchang, 330008 China ,College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004 China
| | - Xiaofeng Tang
- grid.479689.dJiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Nanchang, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, North 128 Xiangshan Road, Nanchang, 330008 China
| | - Yiping Liang
- grid.479689.dJiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Nanchang, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, North 128 Xiangshan Road, Nanchang, 330008 China
| | - Quanhui Jiao
- grid.479689.dJiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Nanchang, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, North 128 Xiangshan Road, Nanchang, 330008 China ,College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004 China
| | - Bo Yu
- grid.479689.dJiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Nanchang, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, North 128 Xiangshan Road, Nanchang, 330008 China ,grid.479689.dDepartment of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Nanchang, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, North 128 Xiangshan Road, Nanchang, 330008 China
| | - Zhengzai Dai
- grid.479689.dJiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Nanchang, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, North 128 Xiangshan Road, Nanchang, 330008 China ,grid.479689.dDepartment of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Nanchang, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, North 128 Xiangshan Road, Nanchang, 330008 China
| | - Xuhui Yuan
- grid.479689.dJiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Nanchang, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, North 128 Xiangshan Road, Nanchang, 330008 China ,grid.479689.dDepartment of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Nanchang, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, North 128 Xiangshan Road, Nanchang, 330008 China
| | - Jiayu Li
- grid.479689.dJiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Nanchang, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, North 128 Xiangshan Road, Nanchang, 330008 China ,grid.479689.dDepartment of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Nanchang, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, North 128 Xiangshan Road, Nanchang, 330008 China
| | - Jinhua Yan
- grid.479689.dJiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Nanchang, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, North 128 Xiangshan Road, Nanchang, 330008 China
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- grid.479689.dJiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Nanchang, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, North 128 Xiangshan Road, Nanchang, 330008 China ,grid.479689.dDepartment of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Nanchang, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, North 128 Xiangshan Road, Nanchang, 330008 China
| | - Song Fan
- grid.412536.70000 0004 1791 7851Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120 China
| | - Min Wang
- grid.412645.00000 0004 1757 9434Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052 China
| | - Haiyan Hu
- grid.412528.80000 0004 1798 5117Oncology Department of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, 200233 China
| | - Changhua Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004 China
| | - Xiao-Bin Lv
- grid.479689.dJiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Nanchang, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, North 128 Xiangshan Road, Nanchang, 330008 China
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Jiao Q, Qian Q, Liu C, Luo Y, Fang F, Wang M, Ji J, Qian H, Zhang X, Maurer M. T helper 22 cells from Han Chinese patients with atopic dermatitis exhibit high expression of inducible T‐cell costimulator. Br J Dermatol 2019; 182:648-657. [PMID: 31090221 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.18040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Q. Jiao
- Department of Dermatology The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Shizi Road 188 Suzhou 215006 China
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin Charitéplatz 1 Berlin 10117 Germany
| | - Q. Qian
- Department of Dermatology The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Shizi Road 188 Suzhou 215006 China
| | - C. Liu
- Department of Dermatology The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Shizi Road 188 Suzhou 215006 China
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Shizi Road 188 Suzhou 215006 China
| | - Y. Luo
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin Charitéplatz 1 Berlin 10117 Germany
| | - F. Fang
- Department of Dermatology The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Shizi Road 188 Suzhou 215006 China
| | - M. Wang
- Department of Dermatology The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Shizi Road 188 Suzhou 215006 China
| | - J. Ji
- Department of Dermatology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Sanxiang Road 1055 Su Zhou 215004 China
| | - H. Qian
- Department of Dermatology Children's Hospital of Soochow University Jingde Road 303 Suzhou 215000 China
| | - X. Zhang
- Department of Dermatology The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Shizi Road 188 Suzhou 215006 China
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Shizi Road 188 Suzhou 215006 China
| | - M. Maurer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin Charitéplatz 1 Berlin 10117 Germany
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Jiao Q, Liu C, Li W, Li W, Fang F, Qian Q, Zhang X. Programmed death-1 ligands 1 and 2 expression in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and their relationship with tumour- infiltrating dendritic cells. Clin Exp Immunol 2017; 188:420-429. [PMID: 28052400 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The programmed death-1 (PD-1) receptor ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2, are co-stimulatory molecules that contribute to the negative regulation of T lymphocyte activation. It is still unclear whether there is correlation between PD-L1 or PD-L2 and tumour-infiltrating dendritic cells (TIDCs) in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). The aim of this study was to analyse PD-L1 and PD-L2 expression and dendritic cells infiltration in tumour tissue of CSCC patients and investigate their clinical significance. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to evaluate the expression of PD-L1, PD-L2, CD1a and CD83 in 61 CSCC tissues. The immunofluoresence double-labelling technique was performed to detect the co-expression of PD-L1 or PD-L2 and CD1a or CD83 in tumour tissues. We found that 25 of 61 cases CSCC (40·98%) exhibited positivity for PD-L1, whereas 37 of 61 cases CSCC (60·66%) exhibited positivity for PD-L2. A higher percentage of CD1a-positive cases were observed on both PD-L1-positive and PD-L2-positive specimens compared with that of CD83-positive cases (92·29% versus 37·60%, 83·20% versus 33·16%). The expression of PD-L1 and PD-L2 on CD1a+ cells was significantly higher than that on CD83+ cells in tumour tissues of CSCC patients. Furthermore, the expression rate of PD-L1 was associated with UICC stage, and the expression rate of PD-L2 was associated with predominant differentiation and tumour size in CSCC. Our results indicated that higher expression of PD-L1 and PD-L2 on CD1a+ cells than that on CD83+ cells in CSCC tumour tissues may contribute to negative regulation in anti-tumour immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Jiao
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - C Liu
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Immunology Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - W Li
- Biomedical Research Center, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - W Li
- Department of Dermatology, Soochow University Affiliated Children's Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - F Fang
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Q Qian
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - X Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Immunology Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Wu GQ, Jiao Q, Shui QZ. Effect of salinity on seed germination, seedling growth, and inorganic and organic solutes accumulation in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). PLANT SOIL ENVIRON 2015. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.17221/22/2015-pse] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
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Ji GJ, Zhang Z, Xu Q, Wang Z, Wang J, Jiao Q, Yang F, Tan Q, Chen G, Zang YF, Liao W, Lu G. Identifying Corticothalamic Network Epicenters in Patients with Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2015; 36:1494-500. [PMID: 25907518 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Corticothalamic networks are considered core pathologic substrates for idiopathic generalized epilepsy; however, the predominant epileptogenic epicenters within these networks are still largely unknown. The current study aims to identify these epicenters by resting-state functional connectivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS To identify epicenters within the corticothalamic networks in idiopathic generalized epilepsy, we retrospectively studied a large cohort of patients with this condition (n = 97) along with healthy controls (n = 123) by resting-state functional MR imaging. The thalamus was functionally divided into subregions corresponding to distinct cortical lobes for 5 parallel corticothalamic networks. The functional connectivity between each voxel in the cortical lobe and the corresponding thalamic subregion was calculated, and functional connectivity strength was used to evaluate the interconnectivity of voxels in the cortex and thalamus. RESULTS The projection of 5 cortical lobes to the thalamus is consistent with previous histologic findings in humans. Compared with controls, patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy showed increased functional connectivity strength in 4 corticothalamic networks: 1) the supplementary motor area, pulvinar, and ventral anterior nucleus in the prefrontal-thalamic network; 2) the premotor cortex and ventrolateral nucleus in motor/premotor-thalamic networks; 3) the visual cortex, posterior default mode regions, and pulvinar in parietal/occipital-thalamic networks; and 4) the middle temporal gyrus in the temporal-thalamic network. CONCLUSIONS Several key nodes were distinguished in 4 corticothalamic networks. The identification of these epicenters refines the corticothalamic network theory and provides insight into the pathophysiology of idiopathic generalized epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- G-J Ji
- From the Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders and the Affiliated Hospital (G.-J.J., J.W., Y.-F.Z., W.L.), Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments (G.-J.J., J.W., Y.-F.Z., W.L.), Hangzhou, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Departments of Medical Imaging (Z.Z., Q.X., W.L., G.L.)
| | - Q Xu
- Departments of Medical Imaging (Z.Z., Q.X., W.L., G.L.)
| | - Z Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging (Z.W.), Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - J Wang
- From the Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders and the Affiliated Hospital (G.-J.J., J.W., Y.-F.Z., W.L.), Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments (G.-J.J., J.W., Y.-F.Z., W.L.), Hangzhou, China
| | - Q Jiao
- Department of Radiology (Q.J.), Taishan Medical University, Tai'an, China
| | | | - Q Tan
- Neurosurgery (Q.T.), Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Y-F Zang
- From the Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders and the Affiliated Hospital (G.-J.J., J.W., Y.-F.Z., W.L.), Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments (G.-J.J., J.W., Y.-F.Z., W.L.), Hangzhou, China
| | - W Liao
- From the Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders and the Affiliated Hospital (G.-J.J., J.W., Y.-F.Z., W.L.), Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments (G.-J.J., J.W., Y.-F.Z., W.L.), Hangzhou, China Departments of Medical Imaging (Z.Z., Q.X., W.L., G.L.)
| | - G Lu
- Departments of Medical Imaging (Z.Z., Q.X., W.L., G.L.)
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Xu Q, Zhang Z, Liao W, Xiang L, Yang F, Wang Z, Chen G, Tan Q, Jiao Q, Lu G. Time-shift homotopic connectivity in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2014; 35:1746-52. [PMID: 24742802 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Voxel-mirrored intrinsic functional connectivity allows the depiction of interhemispheric homotopic connections in the human brain, whereas time-shift intrinsic functional connectivity allows the detection of the extent of brain injury by measuring hemodynamic properties. We combined time-shift voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity analyses to investigate the alterations in homotopic connectivity in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy and assessed the value of applying this approach to epilepsy lateralization and the prediction of surgical outcomes in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Resting-state functional MR imaging data were acquired from patients with unilateral mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (n=62) (31 left- and 31 right-side) and healthy controls (n=33). Dynamic interhemispheric homotopic architecture seeding from each hemisphere was individually calculated by 0, 1, 2, and 3 repetition time time-shift voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity. Voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity maps were compared between the patient and control groups by using 1-way ANOVA for each time-shift condition, separately. Group comparisons were further performed on the laterality of voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity in each time-shift condition. Finally, we correlated the interhemispheric homotopic connection to the surgical outcomes in a portion of the patients (n=20). RESULTS The patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy showed decreased homotopic connectivity in the mesial temporal structures, temporal pole, and striatum. Alterations of the bihemispheric homotopic connectivity were lateralized along with delays in the time-shift in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. The patients with unsuccessful surgical outcomes presented larger interhemispheric voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity differences. CONCLUSIONS This study showed whole patterns of dynamic alterations of interhemispheric homotopic connectivity in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy, extending the knowledge of abnormalities in interhemispheric connectivity in this condition. Time-shift voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity has the potential for lateralization of unilateral mesial temporal lobe epilepsy and may have the capability of predicting surgical outcomes in this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Xu
- From the Departments of Medical Imaging (Q.X., Z.Z., W.L., L.X., Q.J., G.L.)
| | - Z Zhang
- From the Departments of Medical Imaging (Q.X., Z.Z., W.L., L.X., Q.J., G.L.)
| | - W Liao
- From the Departments of Medical Imaging (Q.X., Z.Z., W.L., L.X., Q.J., G.L.) Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders and the Affiliated Hospital (W.L.), Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments (W.L.), Hangzhou, China
| | - L Xiang
- From the Departments of Medical Imaging (Q.X., Z.Z., W.L., L.X., Q.J., G.L.)
| | | | - Z Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging (Z.W.), Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Q Tan
- Neurosurgery (Q.T.), Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Q Jiao
- From the Departments of Medical Imaging (Q.X., Z.Z., W.L., L.X., Q.J., G.L.) Department of Medical Imaging (Q.J.), Taishan Medical College, TaiAn, China
| | - G Lu
- From the Departments of Medical Imaging (Q.X., Z.Z., W.L., L.X., Q.J., G.L.)
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Zhao LY, Jiao Q, Xu X, Yang PB, Song TS, Huang C, Zhang JF, Liu Y. The decreased self-renewal potential of NPCs during human embryonic brain development with reduced activity of MAPKs. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2012; 58 Suppl:OL1730-OL1736. [PMID: 22863401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/15/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Study of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) is important for treatment of degerative diseases in central nervous system. One of the key questions in NPCs transplantation therapy is about the understanding of which stage of the NPCs in brain development is ideal. Herein we investigated survival, proliferation and apoptosis of NPCs from 12 w, 16 w and 20 w human embryonic brain, meanwhile, the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling were analyzed. The results showed that the survival, proliferation and cell division of 16 w and 20 w human NPCs significantly decreased comparing with 12 w human NPCs in vitro; and the NPCs apoptosis remarkably increased. Phosphorylation of ERK1/2 of 16 w and 20 w NPCs significantly decreased comparing with 12 w human NPCs, however phosphorylation of p38 MAPK increased. NPCs proliferation increase when ERK1/2 signaling is activated by PMA. The results demonstrated that self-renewal potential of NPCs decreased in culture during human embryonic brain development, the activity of ERK signaling pathway were decreased, and suggest NPCs from 12-week fetuses might be better donor for cell transplantation during the period of 12-20 weeks because of their advantage on survival and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Zhao
- Institute of Neurobiology, Environment and Genes Related to Diseases Key Laboratory of Education Ministry, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China
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Cui W, Jiao Q, Zhao Y, Li H, Liu H, Zhou M. Preparation of poly(ethylene terephthalate)/layered double hydroxide nanocomposites by in-situ polymerization and their thermal property. EXPRESS POLYM LETT 2012. [DOI: 10.3144/expresspolymlett.2012.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Xu X, Zhang J, Chen X, Liu J, Lu H, Yang P, Xiao X, Zhao L, Jiao Q, Zhao B, Zheng P, Liu Y. The increased expression of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 in subventricular zone neural progenitor cells and enhanced neurogenesis in a rat model of intracerebral hemorrhage. Neuroscience 2011; 202:474-83. [PMID: 22198019 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2011] [Revised: 11/23/2011] [Accepted: 12/05/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) is closely relative to the proliferation, survival, and differentiation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs). This study primarily examined the mGluR5 expression of NPCs in subventricular zone (SVZ) and the effects of mGluR5 on neurogenesis to intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) rat. The experiment was designated as the following: (1) The ICH model was established by collagenase infusion into the right striatum of the rats, and the brain tissue was collected to assess the expression of mGluR5 in SVZ NPCs. (2) The rat brains were sampled for immunostaining of doublecortin (DCX) and 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) to examine the effects of the (R,S)-2-chloro-5-hydroxyphenylglycine (CHPG) on neurogenesis. (3) Behavioral testing was carried out to evaluate the effects of CHPG on neurofunctional recovery. The results of Western blot analysis showed that mGluR5 levels in the ipsilateral SVZ increased as early as at 3 days after ICH, peaked at 14 days. The change of mGluR5 mRNA level in the ipsilateral SVZ was generally similar to the pattern of Western blot analysis. The immunostaining also demonstrated that some nestin-positive cells were co-expressed with mGluR5. The injection of CHPG into ipsilateral ventricle increased DCX levels both in the ipsilateral striatum (STR) and the peri-lesion area of the striatum (PLA). Meanwhile, a significant difference in behavioral score was presented at 28 days after ICH between the CHPG-treated rats and the vehicle-treated or the non-treated rats. Our results demonstrated for the first time that the increased expression of mGluR5 in SVZ NPCs occurred in ICH rat. The CHPG promoted the neurogenesis and improved neurofunctional symptom induced by ICH. These results suggested that the increased expression of mGluR5 on NPCs in SVZ may play an important role in neurogenesis in ICH rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Xu
- Institute of Neurobiology, Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
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Zhao L, Jiao Q, Yang P, Chen X, Zhang J, Zhao B, Zheng P, Liu Y. Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 promotes proliferation of human neural stem/progenitor cells with activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases signaling pathway in vitro. Neuroscience 2011; 192:185-94. [PMID: 21723923 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.06.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2011] [Revised: 06/10/2011] [Accepted: 06/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) regulate neurogenesis in brain, but the mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of mGluR5 on the proliferation of human embryonic neural stem/progenitor cells (NPCs), the expression of cyclin D1 and the activation of signaling pathways of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Results showed that mGluR5 agonist (S)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine hydrate (DHPG) increased the proliferation of NPCs by increasing cell activity, diameter of neurospheres and cell division, while mGluR5 siRNA and antagonist 6-methyl-2-(phenylethynyl) pyridine hydrochloride (MPEP) decreased the NPC proliferation. The mRNA and protein expressions of cyclin D1 increased with DHPG treatment and decreased after siRNA or MPEP treatment. It was also found that activation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) and c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK) signaling pathways were involved in the proliferation of NPCs. After DHPG treatment, p-ERK1/2 and p-JNK2 levels increased, and meanwhile p-p38 level decreased; but p-ERK1/2 and p-JNK2 levels decreased after siRNA or MPEP treatment, and p-p38 level increased. Our findings demonstrated that mGluR5 promoted the proliferation of human embryonic cortical NPCs and increased cyclin D1 expression with the changes in phosphorylation of MAPKs signaling pathways in vitro, suggesting a novel mechanism for pharmacological study of treatment for ischemic brain injury and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zhao
- Institute of Neurobiology, Environment and Genes Related to Diseases Key Laboratory of Education Ministry, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, 710061, PR China
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Hudes GR, Nanus D, Qi M, Prabhakar U, Corringham R, Jiao Q, Eisenberger M. Preliminary results of a phase I study: A chimeric monoclonal anti IL-6 antibody CNTO 328 in combination with docetaxel in patients with hormone refractory prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.15521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
15521 Background: High serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 may impact the progression and survival of metastatic hormone refractory prostate cancer (HRPC). CNTO328, an anti IL-6 monoclonal antibody, inhibited prostate tumor growth in several preclinical xenograft mouse models. Methods: This Phase 1, open label study evaluates the safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), and pharmacodynamics of CNTO328 at three dose levels (6mg/kg q2 weeks, 9mg/kg q3 weeks and 12mg/kg q3 weeks) in combination with docetaxel (75mg/m2 q3 weeks) in men with metastatic HPRC. C-reactive protein (CRP), a surrogate biomarker of serum IL-6, and circulating tumor cells (CTC) are evaluated. Results: Eight patients with a median baseline PSA value of 56.8 ng/ml (range 13.6- 436.9 ng/ml) were treated in the first cohort (6 mg/kg CNTO328 q2 weeks in combination with docetaxel 75 mg/m2 q3 weeks). At baseline, 6 patients (75%) had detectable CRP and 6 patients had detectable CTCs. The median number of CNTO328 doses and docetaxel cycles administered was 6 (CNTO328: range 3 to 11 doses; docetaxel: range 3 to 13 cycles). No first-cycle DLT was observed for this combination. Three patients discontinued treatment due to docetaxel-related grade 3 adverse events (deep vein thrombosis, hyperbilirubinemia, and nail changes) after 6, 11, and 13 cycles of docetaxel, respectively. Serum CRP decreased to below detectable levels 7 days after the first dose of CNTO328 in all patients with measurable values at baseline and remained undetectable throughout treatment. Two patients with post-treatment CTC values showed CTC reduction from 82 to1, and 127 to1, respectively. Six of 8 patients had = 50% PSA reductions and all had stable or improved bone scans and/or CT scans. PK of CNTO328 and docetaxel, alone and in combination, will be presented. Conclusions: Thus far, anti-IL6 therapy with CNTO328 at 6mg/kg q2 weeks in combination with docetaxel 75mg/m2 q3 week has been feasible and tolerable. Complete suppression of CRP and PSA reduction provide evidence of biological and anti-tumor activity of this approach and support further testing. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- G. R. Hudes
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; New York Presbyterian Hospital, Cornell University, New York, NY; Centocor Inc, Malvern, PA; Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD
| | - D. Nanus
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; New York Presbyterian Hospital, Cornell University, New York, NY; Centocor Inc, Malvern, PA; Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD
| | - M. Qi
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; New York Presbyterian Hospital, Cornell University, New York, NY; Centocor Inc, Malvern, PA; Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD
| | - U. Prabhakar
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; New York Presbyterian Hospital, Cornell University, New York, NY; Centocor Inc, Malvern, PA; Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD
| | - R. Corringham
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; New York Presbyterian Hospital, Cornell University, New York, NY; Centocor Inc, Malvern, PA; Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD
| | - Q. Jiao
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; New York Presbyterian Hospital, Cornell University, New York, NY; Centocor Inc, Malvern, PA; Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD
| | - M. Eisenberger
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; New York Presbyterian Hospital, Cornell University, New York, NY; Centocor Inc, Malvern, PA; Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD
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Davis HM, Prabhakar U, Jang H, Jiao Q, Trikha M, Ford J, Joel C, Fasanmade A, Graham MA. A rational approach for a phase I clinical study design to evaluate CNTO 95, a novel, fully human anti-a vmonoclonal antibody (MAb), in patients with solid tumors. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.2609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Jang H, Prabhakar U, Jiao Q, Ford J, Miller BE, Davis HM, Graham MA. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) modeling and trial simulations to guide dose selection with CNTO 328, a chimeric anti-IL-6 monoclonal antibody (MAb), in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.2608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Prabhakar U, Jang H, Jiao Q, Ford J, Miller BE, Graham MA, Davis HM. Correlation of serum CNTO 328-Anti IL-6 monoclonal antibody (MAb) concentrations and biomarker expression in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.2560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Shi G, Lloyd TL, Sy SKB, Jiao Q, Wernicki A, Mutlib A, Emm TA, Unger SE, Pieniaszek HJ. Simultaneous quantification of seven active metabolites of roxifiban in human plasma by LC/MS/MS in the presence of an interfering displacer at millimolar concentrations. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2003; 31:937-51. [PMID: 12684106 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(02)00675-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Roxifiban (DMP 754) is a glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa antagonist. Following oral administration to humans, roxifiban is metabolized to its primary active zwitterionic form, XV459, and several minor, active, hydrolyzed and hydroxylated metabolites, namely, M1a (DPC-AD3508), M1b (DPC-AD6128), M2 (SW156), M3 (DPC-AG2185), M8a (DPC-AF5814), and M8b (DPC-AF5818). Quantification of these metabolites in humans was not workable with a previous analytical method due to ion suppression of at least four of the analytes by a competitive displacer, DMP 728. This compound, which is another GP IIb/IIIa antagonist with very high affinity for the platelet receptor, was added to harvested blood samples in millimolar quantity to liberate XV459 from the GP IIb/IIIa receptor. An automated ion exchange solid phase extraction (IX-SPE) procedure was developed to selectively extract the seven metabolites of roxifiban and its deuterated internal standard while specifically excluding DMP 728. Among the six hydroxylation metabolites, there were two pairs of epimeric diastereomers (M1a/M1b and M8a/M8b) and one pair of geometric isomers (M2/M3), corresponding to three critical chromatographic pairs that needed to be base-line resolved because of the lack of specificity of MS/MS detection for these isomers. A new LC/MS/MS assay was developed to simultaneously quantify the seven metabolites in human plasma. The assay method was validated under GLP conditions over the concentration range of 0.5 to 80 nM for each of the analytes and successfully applied to assaying approximately 500 plasma samples from clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Shi
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Stine-Haskell Research Center, 1090 Elkton Road, Newark, DE 19711, USA.
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Semiletova N, Shen XD, Gao F, Slomowitz SJ, Jiao Q, Busuttil RW, Kupiec-Weglinski JW, Ghobrial RM. Regulatory T cells induced by allochimeric major histocompatability class I therapy inhibit allograft apoptosis. Transplant Proc 2002; 34:1402. [PMID: 12176415 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(02)02904-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N Semiletova
- The Dumont-UCLA Transplant Center, University of California-Los Angeles, 10833 LeConte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095-7054, USA
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Slavcheva E, Albanis E, Jiao Q, Tran H, Bodian C, Knight R, Milford E, Schiano T, Tomer Y, Murphy B. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to acute allograft rejection. Transplantation 2001; 72:935-40. [PMID: 11571462 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-200109150-00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4) has been shown to play a critical role in the down-regulation of the immune response. We retrospectively examined the association between acute rejection and two polymorphisms in the CTLA4 gene, the dinucleotide (AT)n repeat polymorphism in exon 3 and the single nucleotide polymorphism A/G at position 49 in exon 1, in a cohort of liver and kidney transplant recipients. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 207 liver and 167 renal transplant recipients were analyzed. In the case of the (AT)n repeat polymorphism we found an increased incidence of acute rejection in association with allele 3 and 4 in both liver and kidney (P=0.002 and 0.05, respectively). In addition, in liver transplant recipients, allele 7 was associated with acute rejection independent of ethnicity (P<0.05). Allele 1 was less frequently observed in African American as compared with Caucasian liver and kidney transplant recipients, with a frequency of 33.8% and 69%, respectively (P<0.0001). Those patients with allele 1 had a tendency toward a lower rate of rejection at 42% versus 57.8% (P=0.058), suggesting a potential protective effect of allele 1. Analysis of the A/G single nucleotide polymorphism demonstrated no association between either allele and the incidence of acute rejection in the patients studied. CONCLUSION These initial observations provide the necessary basis to further investigate the risk stratification of transplant recipients based on specific CTLA4 gene polymorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Slavcheva
- Division of Nephrology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1243, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Abstract
A rapid and simple spectrophotometric method is described for the estimation of microgram quantities of algal polysaccharides following the formation of soluble complexes with methylene blue dye. The binding of the dye to algal polysaccharides causes the absorption maximum (664 nm) to decrease, which is almost linear over the range of 0-30 microg for the algal polysaccharides studied. The absorbance at 664 nm can be measured immediately after the mixing of algal polysaccharides and dye solution and is stable over a period of 2 h. No heating, centrifugation, lengthy equilibration, or sophisticated instrumentation, which hamper other methods, is required. The interference due to individual monosaccharides, neutral polysaccharides, bovine serum albumin, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and high concentrations of inorganic salts is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Jiao
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
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Liu Q, Jiao Q, Liu T. [Anti-injure effect of extract from orange (EOP) peel on germ cells of male mice]. Zhong Yao Cai 1998; 21:88-90. [PMID: 12567978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
In present study, the anti-injure effect of EOP, on incidence of sperm abnormality and meiotic micronuclei of early spermatids in mice induced by cyclophosphamide was investigated. The results indicated that EOP itself was not a mutagen, but significantly inhibited increase of the rate of micronuclei and the sperm abnormality by CP. The rates of sperm abnormality and meiotic micronuclei of early spermatide of EOP before CP using group were lower obviously than those of CP could before EOP using group (P < 0.01). The results suggested that the CP could permeate blood-testis barrier into germ cells of male mice and induced mutation on genetic material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Liu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Nanjiang University, Nanjing 210093
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Sharma RC, Kramsch DM, Lee PL, Colletti P, Jiao Q. Quantitation and localization of regional body fat distribution--a comparison between magnetic resonance imaging and somatometry. Obes Res 1996; 4:167-78. [PMID: 8681050 DOI: 10.1002/j.1550-8528.1996.tb00530.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The emerging concept that various fat compartments are metabolically active and play separate and decisive roles in the pathogenesis of coronary atherosclerosis, hypertension, insulin resistance, diabetes and stroke, has given obesity research a new direction. Of particular interest is the relative amount of intra-abdominal fat thought to be responsible for the metabolic complications. We studied the precise fat distribution and its correlations with the metabolic parameters in 44 non-human primates (Macaca fascicularis). Intra-abdominal, subcutaneous, and total abdominal fat (IAF, SAF, TAF) were assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and somatometry. Quantitative computer analyses of abdominal MRI scans revealed predominant IAF distribution. Box plot analysis of IAF and SAF revealed wide diversity in the amounts of fat, especially in monkeys with body mass index (BMI) < 30 kg/m2. Primates with similar BMI in each quartile revealed an extensive heterogeneity in IAF as well as SAF. Numerous significant correlations within site-specific somatometric measurements as well as within the MRI determinants of abdominal fat were seen. However, only body weight correlated with IAF and skinfolds could predict SAF. After adjusting for body weight, partial correlation analysis showed a significant correlation (P < 0.05) between total cholesterol and IAF. CONCLUSION MRI revealed considerable heterogeneity of IAF, SAF and TAF in cohort of primates believed to be homogeneous by somatometric definition. Male cynomolgus monkeys appear to be a valuable model for a systematic evaluation of fat. Individuals with identical body weight and height may show a diverse pattern of fat distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Sharma
- Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90033, USA
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Gray DS, Sharma RC, Chin HP, Jiao Q, Kramsch DM. Body fat and fat distribution by anthropometry and the response to high-fat cholesterol-containing diet in monkeys. Exp Mol Pathol 1993; 58:53-60. [PMID: 8454036 DOI: 10.1006/exmp.1993.1005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Considerable variability exists among individuals in the response of plasma cholesterol to changes in dietary fat and cholesterol, and obesity is one variable reported to affect this response. This study was performed to determine the relationship between body fat and changes in plasma cholesterol in cynomolgus monkeys fed a high-fat cholesterol-containing diet for 12 months. The animals gained significant body weight (body mass index increased from 30.5 +/- 0.5 to 35.7 +/- 2.8 kg/m2) and skinfold parameters of body fat increased as well. Total cholesterol increased from 109 +/- 4 to 390 +/- 25 mg/dl (P < 0.001), and there were also significant increases in LDL- and HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride. While there was very little relationship between body fat and plasma lipids before the diet, after 12 months, there were significant negative correlations between total and LDL-cholesterol and anthropometric measures of body fat (r ranged from -0.37 to -0.55, P < 0.01). The correlations were not affected when the effects of baseline body mass index and serum cholesterol and total food intake were controlled by partial correlation analysis. In this sample of animals, the acquisition of greater body fat appeared to protect against rises in cholesterol in response to consumption of a high-fat cholesterol-containing diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Gray
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033
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Sharma RC, Crawford DW, Kramsch DM, Sevanian A, Jiao Q. Immunolocalization of native antioxidant scavenger enzymes in early hypertensive and atherosclerotic arteries. Role of oxygen free radicals. Arterioscler Thromb 1992; 12:403-15. [PMID: 1558832 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.12.4.403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
To elucidate the role of oxygen free radicals and lipid peroxidation in the pathogenesis of early hypertension and atherosclerosis, we studied the native distribution of three primary arterial antioxidant enzymes (AEs). Specific immunohistochemical localization of superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT) was examined in the arterial wall of New Zealand White rabbits: six sham-operated normotensive/normolipidemics (NT/NL), seven coarctation-induced hypertensive/normolipidemics (HT/NL), eight normotensive diet-induced hyperlipidemics (NT/HL), and six hypertensive/hyperlipidemics (HT/HL). All three AEs were confined primarily to the endothelium in NT/NL rabbit aortas. However, in HT and HL rabbits a greater proportion of the arterial wall, including the endothelium, inner media, and middle media, displayed immunolocalization of three AEs. Multiple linear-regression analysis revealed that more than 70% of the total variability in the depth of immunolocalization of arterial AEs could be explained by changes in blood pressure and/or total cholesterol. Also, levels of plasma and arterial cholesterol oxides were significantly different (p less than 0.05) in HT and HL rabbits compared with controls, with twofold increases in NT/HLs, threefold increases in HT/NLs, and fourfold increases in HT/HLs. We conclude that intense free-radical activity in the arterial wall of HT and HL animals is one possibility and that this occurs despite the presence of abundant AEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Sharma
- Atherosclerosis Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
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Wang M, Wang Z, Yue H, Han W, Jiao Q. [Screening of alpha-amino acid ester hydrolase producing strain and synthesis of cephalexin by Pseudomonas aeruginosa]. Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao 1990; 30:238-41. [PMID: 2123585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
From ten genera and 146 bacterial strains, 22 strains producing alpha-amino acid ester hydrolase were selected. Among them, AS 1.586 and 41-2 were the best. The optimal conditions for synthesis of cephalexin by pseudomonas aeruginosa 1.204 were investigated. The optimal pH and temperature for enzymatic synthesis reaction was pH 6.8 and 25 degrees C, respectively. By using 1% 7-ADCA, 3% PGME and 4% biomass, about 70% of 7-ADCA was converted to cephalexin under the mentioned conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wang
- Institute of Microbiology, Academia Sinica, Beijiag
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