1
|
Patten CA, Lando HA, Desnoyers CA, Bock MJ, Alexie L, Decker PA, Hughes CA, Resnicow K, Burhansstipanov L, Boyer R, Klejka J. Healthy Pregnancies Project: Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial of a Community Intervention to Reduce Tobacco Use among Alaska Native Women. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:E9302. [PMID: 33322686 PMCID: PMC7764642 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17249302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Substantial gaps remain in the evidence base for prenatal tobacco use interventions among Indigenous women. Using a cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT), the Healthy Pregnancies Project evaluated a community-level intervention for Alaska Native (AN) women in rural western Alaska. Sixteen villages were randomly assigned to usual care (control, n = 8 villages) or usual care plus a community-level intervention delivered by local AN "Native Sisters" (n = 8 villages). Outcomes were tobacco use rate at delivery and at 2 and 6 months postpartum, with biochemical confirmation obtained at 6 months. The program had high reach, enrolling 73% of all eligible women screened. Of the 352 participants, 67% used tobacco at baseline. No significant differences emerged between study groups on follow-up in tobacco use rates. More intervention than control participants made a quit attempt at 2 months postpartum (70% vs. 51%, respectively, p = 0.012). Participants in both study groups reported the program helped to raise awareness of healthy pregnancies in the study villages. This trial supports the reach of a community-level intervention, but not its efficacy for reducing tobacco use during pregnancy or postpartum. Efforts to sustain early quit attempts appear warranted. The community involvement, and reported impact on raising awareness of the importance of healthy pregnancies, supports the value of the research program in this community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christi A. Patten
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA; (M.J.B.); (C.A.H.)
| | - Harry A. Lando
- School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 2nd St, Ste 200, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA;
| | - Chris A. Desnoyers
- Yukon-Kuskokwim Health Corporation, 528 Chief Eddie Hoffman Hwy, Bethel, AK 99559, USA; (C.A.D.); (L.A.); (R.B.); (J.K.)
| | - Martha J. Bock
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA; (M.J.B.); (C.A.H.)
| | - Lucinda Alexie
- Yukon-Kuskokwim Health Corporation, 528 Chief Eddie Hoffman Hwy, Bethel, AK 99559, USA; (C.A.D.); (L.A.); (R.B.); (J.K.)
| | - Paul A. Decker
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Harwick 7, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
| | - Christine A. Hughes
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA; (M.J.B.); (C.A.H.)
| | - Kenneth Resnicow
- School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 109 S. Observatory, 3867 SPH1, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Linda Burhansstipanov
- Native American Cancer Initiatives, Inc., 3022 South Nova Road, Pine, CO 80470, USA;
| | - Rahnia Boyer
- Yukon-Kuskokwim Health Corporation, 528 Chief Eddie Hoffman Hwy, Bethel, AK 99559, USA; (C.A.D.); (L.A.); (R.B.); (J.K.)
| | - Joseph Klejka
- Yukon-Kuskokwim Health Corporation, 528 Chief Eddie Hoffman Hwy, Bethel, AK 99559, USA; (C.A.D.); (L.A.); (R.B.); (J.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Patten CA, Lando HA, Desnoyers CA, Klejka J, Decker PA, Bock MJ, Hughes CA, Alexie L, Boyer R, Resnicow K, Burhansstipanov L. Association of Tobacco Use During Pregnancy, Perceived Stress, and Depression Among Alaska Native Women Participants in the Healthy Pregnancies Project. Nicotine Tob Res 2020; 22:2104-2108. [PMID: 31566239 PMCID: PMC7593352 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntz189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In general population samples, higher levels of stress and depression have been associated with increased prevalence of smoking in pregnancy. Little is known about the association of prenatal tobacco use, stress, and depression among American Indian or Alaska Native (AI/AN) women. METHODS The Healthy Pregnancies Project is a cluster-randomized controlled trial, evaluating a community-level intervention compared with usual care, for reducing tobacco use during pregnancy and postpartum among AN women in 16 villages in western Alaska. This cross-sectional study analyzed baseline data from enrolled pregnant women. Baseline measures included the self-reported, 7-day, point-prevalence current use of any tobacco, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D). Generalized estimating equations (GEE) analyses adjusted for village, participant age, and gestational age. RESULTS Participants (N = 352) were on average (SD) 25.8 (5.0) years of age and at 26.8 (9.8) weeks gestation. 66.5% were current tobacco users, of which 77% used Iqmik, a homemade form of smokeless tobacco. Compared with nonusers, tobacco users reported lower PSS score (p = .020) and less clinical levels of depression (CES-D ≥ 16) (18.1% vs. 9.3%, p = .21). Findings were not accounted for by nicotine dependence severity or self-reported tobacco use before pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS In this sample of pregnant AN women, tobacco users report less stress and clinical levels of depression than nonusers. A potential challenge with tobacco treatment for pregnant AN women is to provide alternative ways of deescalating stress and affect management instead of using tobacco. IMPLICATIONS This study contributes novel information on the association of tobacco use, perceived stress, and depression among Alaska Native women enrolled in a clinical trial to promote healthy pregnancies. Most prior studies addressing this topic were conducted among general population samples of pregnant women who smoked cigarettes. Little is known about these associations with prenatal smokeless tobacco, or among American Indian or Alaska Native women. The results are contrary to findings reported previously, because current tobacco use was associated with less stress and depression than nonuse. The study findings have implications for cessation treatment for this tobacco-use disparity group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christi A Patten
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | | | | | - Paul A Decker
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Martha J Bock
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hocking KM, Alvis BD, Baudenbacher F, Boyer R, Brophy CM, Beer I, Eagle S. Peripheral i.v. analysis (PIVA) of venous waveforms for volume assessment in patients undergoing haemodialysis. Br J Anaesth 2019; 119:1135-1140. [PMID: 29028929 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aex271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The assessment of intravascular volume status remains a challenge for clinicians. Peripheral i.v. analysis (PIVA) is a method for analysing the peripheral venous waveform that has been used to monitor volume status. We present a proof-of-concept study for evaluating the efficacy of PIVA in detecting changes in fluid volume. Methods We enrolled 37 hospitalized patients undergoing haemodialysis (HD) as a controlled model for intravascular volume loss. Respiratory rate (F0) and pulse rate (F1) frequencies were measured. PIVA signal was obtained by fast Fourier analysis of the venous waveform followed by weighing the magnitude of the amplitude of the pulse rate frequency. PIVA was compared with peripheral venous pressure and standard monitoring of vital signs. Results Regression analysis showed a linear correlation between volume loss and change in the PIVA signal (R2=0.77). Receiver operator curves demonstrated that the PIVA signal showed an area under the curve of 0.89 for detection of 20 ml kg-1 change in volume. There was no correlation between volume loss and peripheral venous pressure, blood pressure or pulse rate. PIVA-derived pulse rate and respiratory rate were consistent with similar numbers derived from the bio-impedance and electrical signals from the electrocardiogram. Conclusions PIVA is a minimally invasive, novel modality for detecting changes in fluid volume status, respiratory rate and pulse rate in spontaneously breathing patients with peripheral i.v. cannulas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K M Hocking
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - F Baudenbacher
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - R Boyer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - C M Brophy
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - I Beer
- Medical Affairs, Baxter International Inc., Deerfield, IL, USA
| | - S Eagle
- Department of Anesthesiology
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sikka N, Siev A, Boyer R, Pourmand A. Tungiasis, a rare case of plantar inflammatory disease, a review of travelers skin lesions for emergency providers. Am J Emerg Med 2019; 37:1215.e5-1215.e7. [PMID: 30922527 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2019.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Parasitic infections while common in underdeveloped nations are rarely seen in developed urban centers. We report a case of a thirty-three-year-old male with no past medical history who presented to the emergency department with a chief complaint of "eggs coming out of my foot" after returning home from Brazil. Based on clinical presentation, travel history, and appearance of the lesion, diagnosis was most consistent with tungiasis infection which was confirmed by the pathology examination. It is important to make the appropriate diagnosis when skin lesions are found in returning travelers and emergency providers should take broad differential diagnosis into consideration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Sikka
- Department of Emergency Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States
| | - A Siev
- Department of Emergency Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States
| | - R Boyer
- Department of Emergency Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States
| | - A Pourmand
- Department of Emergency Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Patten CA, Lando HA, Desnoyers CA, Barrows Y, Klejka J, Decker PA, Hughes CA, Bock MJ, Boyer R, Resnicow K, Burhansstipanov L. The Healthy Pregnancies Project: Study protocol and baseline characteristics for a cluster-randomized controlled trial of a community intervention to reduce tobacco use among Alaska Native pregnant women. Contemp Clin Trials 2019; 78:116-125. [PMID: 30703523 PMCID: PMC6407629 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco use prevalence is high among pregnant Alaska Native (AN) women but few interventions have been evaluated for this group. The Healthy Pregnancies Project aims to evaluate a multicomponent intervention for reducing tobacco use during pregnancy and the postpartum period among AN women. This report describes the study protocol and participant baseline characteristics. DESIGN Cluster-randomized controlled trial with village as the unit of assignment. Sixteen villages in rural southwest Alaska were stratified on village size and randomized to a multicomponent intervention (n = 8 villages) or usual care (n = 8 villages). METHODS Pregnant AN women from the study villages were enrolled. All participants receive the usual care provided to pregnant women in this region. Participants from intervention villages additionally receive individual phone counseling on healthy pregnancies plus a social marketing campaign targeting the entire community delivered by local AN "Native Sisters." Baseline measurements for all enrolled pregnant women have been completed. Follow-up assessments are ongoing at delivery, and at 2 and 6 months postpartum. The primary outcome is biochemically verified tobacco use status at 6 months postpartum. RESULTS Recruitment was feasible with 73% of eligible women screened enrolled. The program reached more than half (56%) of AN pregnant women from the study villages during the recruitment period. Participants are N = 352 pregnant AN women, 188 enrolled from intervention villages and 164 from control villages. At baseline, participants' mean (SD) age was 25.8 (5.0) years, they were at 26.8 (9.8) weeks gestation, and 66.5% were current tobacco users. DISCUSSION Processes and products from this project may have relevance to other Native American populations aiming to focus on healthy pregnancies in their communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christi A Patten
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, BioBusiness Bldg 5-26, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Harry A Lando
- University of Minnesota, 1300 2(nd) St, Ste 200, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA.
| | - Chris A Desnoyers
- Yukon-Kuskokwim Health Corporation, 528 Chief Eddie Hoffman Hwy, Bethel, AK 99559, USA.
| | - Yvette Barrows
- Yukon-Kuskokwim Health Corporation, 528 Chief Eddie Hoffman Hwy, Bethel, AK 99559, USA.
| | - Joseph Klejka
- Yukon-Kuskokwim Health Corporation, 528 Chief Eddie Hoffman Hwy, Bethel, AK 99559, USA.
| | - Paul A Decker
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Health Sciences Research, Harwick 7, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Christine A Hughes
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, BioBusiness Bldg 5-26, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Martha J Bock
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, BioBusiness Bldg 5-26, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Rahnia Boyer
- Yukon-Kuskokwim Health Corporation, 528 Chief Eddie Hoffman Hwy, Bethel, AK 99559, USA.
| | - Kenneth Resnicow
- University of Michigan, 109 S. Observatory, 3867 SPH1, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Linda Burhansstipanov
- Native American Cancer Initiatives, Inc., 3022 South Nova Road, Pine, CO 80470, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Patten CA, Bronars CA, Scott M, Boyer R, Lando H, Clark MM, Resnicow K, Decker PA, Brockman TA, Roland A, Hanza M. Tobacco use and preferences for wellness programs among health aides and other employees of an Alaska Native Health Corporation in Western Alaska. Prev Med Rep 2017; 6:228-235. [PMID: 28377849 PMCID: PMC5377012 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
This study assessed health behaviors and preferences for wellness programs among employees of a worksite serving Alaska Native-people. Village-based Community Health Aides/Practitioners (CHA/Ps) were compared with all other employees on health indicators and program preferences. Using a cross-sectional design, all 1290 employees at the Yukon Kuskokwim Health Corporation (YKHC) in Western Alaska were invited in 2015 to participate in a 30-item online survey. Items assessed health behaviors, perceived stress, resiliency, and preferences for wellness topics and program delivery formats. Respondents (n = 429) were 77% female and 57% Alaska Natives. CHA/Ps (n = 46) were more likely than all other employees (n = 383) to currently use tobacco (59% vs. 36%; p = 0.003). After adjusting for covariates, greater stress levels were associated (p = 0.013) with increased likelihood of tobacco use. Employees reported lower than recommended levels of physical activity; 74% had a Body Mass Index (BMI) indicating overweight or obese. Top preferences for wellness topics were for eating healthy (55%), physical activity (50%), weight loss (49%), reducing stress (49%), and better sleep (41%). CHA/Ps reported greater interest in tobacco cessation than did other employees (37% vs. 21%; p = 0.016). Preferred program delivery format among employees was in-person (51%). The findings are important because tailored wellness programs have not been previously evaluated among employees of worksites serving Alaska Native people. Promoting healthy lifestyles among CHAP/s and other YKHC employees could ultimately have downstream effects on the health of Alaska Native patients and communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Matthew Scott
- Yukon-Kuskokwim Health Corporation, Box 528, Bethel, AK 99559, USA
| | - Rahnia Boyer
- Yukon-Kuskokwim Health Corporation, Box 528, Bethel, AK 99559, USA
| | - Harry Lando
- University of Minnesota, 1300 South Second Street, Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
| | | | - Kenneth Resnicow
- University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Paul A. Decker
- Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | - Agnes Roland
- Yukon-Kuskokwim Health Corporation, Box 528, Bethel, AK 99559, USA
| | - Marcelo Hanza
- Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ruggieri JM, Boyer R, Doriath JY, Finck PJ. Accounting for Strong Localized Heterogeneities and Local Transport Effect in Core Calculation. NUCL SCI ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/nse96-a24225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. M. Ruggieri
- CISI, Centre d’Etude de Cadarache, BAT. 151 F-13108 Saint-Paul-les-Durance, France
| | - R. Boyer
- Universite de Provence, Centre de Mathematiques et d’Informatiques Chateau-Gombert, F-13 Marseille, France
| | - J. Y. Doriath
- Commissariat à I’Energie Atomique, Centre d’Etude de Cadarache SPRC BAT.230, F-13108 Saint-Paul-les-Durance, France
| | - P. J. Finck
- Commissariat à I’Energie Atomique, Centre d’Etude de Cadarache SPRC BAT.230, F-13108 Saint-Paul-les-Durance, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Boyer R, Morgan V, Donnelly E, Brown D, Omary R. Comparison of structure and influence of the #IRad and #Radiology social media networks. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2015.12.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
9
|
Trudel G, Dargis L, Villeneuve L, Cadieux J, Boyer R, Préville M. Fonctionnement conjugal, sexuel et psychologique des couples aînés vivant à domicile : les résultats d’une enquête nationale avec méthodologie longitudinale (deuxième partie). Sexologies 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sexol.2013.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
10
|
Patten CA, Fadahunsi O, Hanza MMK, Smith CA, Decker PA, Boyer R, Ellsworth L, Brockman TA, Hughes CA, Bronars CA, Offord KP. Tobacco cessation treatment for Alaska native adolescents: group randomized pilot trial. Nicotine Tob Res 2014; 16:836-45. [PMID: 24532352 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntu004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tobacco cessation treatments have not been evaluated among Alaska Native (AN) adolescents. This pilot study evaluated the feasibility and the potential efficacy of a targeted cessation intervention for AN youth using a group randomized design. METHODS Eight villages in western Alaska were randomly assigned to receive the intervention (n = 4 villages) or a delayed treatment control condition (written materials only; n = 4 villages). Ten adolescents aged 12-17 years were targeted from each village with a planned enrollment of 80. The intervention was held over a weekend, and youth traveled from their villages to quit tobacco use with other teens. The intervention comprised 8 hr of group-based counseling. Talking circles, personal stories from elders, and recreational activities were included to enhance cultural acceptability and participation. Newsletters were mailed weekly for 5-weeks postprogram. Assessments were conducted at baseline, week 6 (end-of-treatment), and 6 months. Self-reported tobacco abstinence was confirmed with salivary cotinine. RESULTS Recruitment targets were met in the intervention (41 enrolled) but not in control villages (27 enrolled). All intervention participants attended the weekend program. Retention was high; 98% of intervention and 86% of control participants completed 6-month follow-up. The 7-day point-prevalence self-reported tobacco abstinence rates for intervention and control participants were 10% (4/41) and 0% (0/27) at both week 6 and 6 months (p = .15). Only 1 adolescent in the intervention condition was biochemically confirmed abstinent at week 6 and none at 6 months. CONCLUSION The intensive individual-focused intervention used in this study was feasible but not effective for tobacco cessation among AN youth. Alternative approaches are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christi A Patten
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology and Behavioral Health Research Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Trudel G, Dargis L, Villeneuve L, Cadieux J, Boyer R, Préville M. Marital, sexual and psychological functioning of older couples living at home: The results of a national survey using longitudinal methodology (part one). Sexologies 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sexol.2013.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
12
|
Dargis L, Trudel G, Cadieux J, Villeneuve L, Préville M, Boyer R. Validation of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) and presentation of norms in older men. Sexologies 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sexol.2012.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
13
|
Patten CA, Fadahunsi O, Hanza M, Smith CM, Hughes CA, Brockman TA, Boyer R, Decker PA, Luger E, Sinicrope PS, Offord KP. Development of a tobacco cessation intervention for Alaska Native youth. Addict Res Theory 2013; 21:273-284. [PMID: 24058327 PMCID: PMC3775480 DOI: 10.3109/16066359.2012.714428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco cessation treatments have not been evaluated among Alaska Native (AN) adolescents. This pilot study evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of a targeted cessation intervention developed for AN youth. Intervention components were informed by prior focus groups assessing treatment preferences among AN youth, a social cognitive theoretical framework and feedback obtained from a teen advisory group. The intervention consisted of a weekend program where youth traveled by small airplane from their villages to stay overnight with other adolescents who quit tobacco use together. The program included recreational activities, talking circles, personal stories from elders and teen advisors, and cognitive behavioral counseling. Two intervention pilots were conducted from October 2010 to January 2011 using a non-randomized, uncontrolled study design with assessments at baseline and six-week follow-up. One village in Western Alaska was selected for each pilot with a targeted enrollment of 10 adolescents each. Participants were recruited for each pilot within five days, but recruitment challenges and ''lessons learned'' are described. The first pilot enrolled nine adolescents (all female) aged 13-16 years; all nine attended the intervention program and 78% (7/9) completed follow-up. The second pilot enrolled 12 adolescents (eight females, four males) aged 12-17 years, of which seven attended the intervention program. Six of these seven participants (86%) completed follow-up. In both pilots, participants rated the intervention as highly acceptable. A targeted cessation intervention was feasible and acceptable to AN youth. The intervention will be tested for efficacy in a subsequent randomized controlled trial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christi A. Patten
- Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Behavioral Health Research, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Oluwole Fadahunsi
- Nicotine Control and Research Program, Yukon–Kuskokwim Health Corporation, Bethel, AK 99559, USA
| | - Marcelo Hanza
- Nicotine Control and Research Program, Yukon–Kuskokwim Health Corporation, Bethel, AK 99559, USA
| | - Christina M. Smith
- Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Behavioral Health Research, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Christine A. Hughes
- Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Behavioral Health Research, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Tabetha A. Brockman
- Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Behavioral Health Research, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Rahnia Boyer
- Nicotine Control and Research Program, Yukon–Kuskokwim Health Corporation, Bethel, AK 99559, USA
| | - Paul A. Decker
- Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Elizabeth Luger
- Behavioral Health Research, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Pamela S. Sinicrope
- Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Behavioral Health Research, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Kenneth P. Offord
- Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Dargis L, Trudel G, Cadieux J, Villeneuve L, Préville M, Boyer R. Validation de l’Index International de la Fonction Érectile (IIFE) et présentation de normes chez les hommes aînés. Sexologies 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sexol.2012.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
15
|
Trudel G, Dargis L, Cadieux J, Villeneuve L, Préville M, Boyer R. Validation de l’Index de la fonction sexuelle féminine (IFSF) et présentation de normes chez les femmes aînées. Sexologies 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sexol.2012.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
16
|
Dargis L, Trudel G, Cadieux J, Villeneuve L, Préville M, Boyer R. Validation of the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and presentation of norms in older women. Sexologies 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sexol.2012.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
17
|
Messier L, Schmitz N, Malla A, Lesage A, Boyer R, Wang J, Strychar I. Lifestyle and self-care behaviours among diabetics with major, minor and no depression: a population based study of adults with diabetes in Quebec. Can J Diabetes 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1499-2671(09)33141-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
18
|
Trudel G, Poirier-Arbour A, Harvey P, Boyer R. T02-P-06 Marital and sexual life of pathological gamblers. Sexologies 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1158-1360(08)72696-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
19
|
Trudel G, Anderson A, Villeneuve V, Boyer R, Bounader J. T02-P-05 Effects of a marital and sexual enhancement intervention for retired couples: the marital life and aging well program. Sexologies 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1158-1360(08)72695-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
20
|
Černý M, Boyer R, Šob M, Yip S. Higher-energy Structures and Stability of Cu and Al Crystals Along Displacive Transformation Paths. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s10820-005-2086-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
21
|
Drapeau A, Lesage A, Boyer R. 238: Interaction of Social Anchorage and Gender in the use of Mental Health Services. Am J Epidemiol 2005. [DOI: 10.1093/aje/161.supplement_1.s60a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. Drapeau
- Fernand-Seguin Research Center – University of Montreal
| | - A. Lesage
- Fernand-Seguin Research Center – University of Montreal
| | - R. Boyer
- Fernand-Seguin Research Center – University of Montreal
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Abstract
Several studies have reported that psychiatric disorders, mainly depression and anxiety disorders, were masked and undiagnosed among older adults, particularly frail elderly. This phenomenon could have a significant impact on elderly quality of life. In this study, we assessed the utility of three measures for detecting mental health disorders among frail elderly receiving home care services: (1) the PRIME-MD; (2) a standard psychological distress measure (PDI-29), and (3) the health care case manager'sa priori judgment on the subject's mental health status. Results obtained by home care nurses were compared to those obtained by clinical psychologists using a structured diagnostic interview (SCID for DSM-IV). The study was conducted in two community health service centres. During the study's period, all patients in the health care workers' caseload without cognitive impairment and not reporting significant stressful life events during the six-week period preceding the interview (n = 315) were asked to participate in the study. Results showed that 42.9% of the volunteers that agreed to meet a psychologist at home (n = 177) had a current SCID-IV diagnosis. The specificity of the PRIME-MD test performed by nurses was 83.8% and its sensitivity was 41.7%. The correct classification rate was 66.7%. Results indicated that the PDI-29 items showed better performance characteristics than the PRIME-MD in identifying current cases. The specificity of the PDI-29 was 59.0% and its sensitivity was 73.6%. These results lead us to the conclusion that the PRIME-MD, previously proposed by Spitzer, R.L., Williams, J.B., Kroenke, K., Linzer, M., DeGruy, F.V. 3rd, Hahn, S.R., et al. (1994, Utility of a new procedure for diagnosing mental disorders in primary care. The PRIME-MD 1000 study. Journal of the American Medical Association, 272 (22), 1749-1756.) to help physicians in primary care clinics, could be less appropriate than the PDI-29 when used by home care nurses in identifying undiagnosed mental health disorders in frail older adults living at home. Moreover, this study showed that the health care case manager'sa priori judgment on the care receiver's mental health status is not sufficient in identifying frail elderly mental health services needs. A two-stage screening procedure is proposed to help home care nurses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Préville
- University of Sherbrooke & Research Centre on Aging, Sherbrooke Geriatric University Institute, 1036 Belvédère South, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada, J1H 4C4.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
Some links between loneliness and different manifestations of suicidal conduct have been reported in variety of subgroups (e.g., college students, the elderly, psychiatric patients). We tested this hypothesis by using the results of a population-wide survey. Strong associations among suicide ideation, parasuicide and different ways of being lonely and alone, defined either subjectively (i.e., the feeling), or objectively (i.e., living alone or being without friends), were observed. Moreover, prevalence of suicide ideation and parasuicide increased with the degree of loneliness. Only minimal differences between men and women were found.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Stravynski
- University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Sun X, Rodriguez M, Zeckner D, Sachs B, Current W, Boyer R, Paschal J, McMillian C, Chen SH. Synthesis and evaluation of oxodioxolenylmethyl carbamate prodrugs of pseudomycins. J Med Chem 2001; 44:2671-4. [PMID: 11472220 DOI: 10.1021/jm000425w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
With the aim of increasing therapeutic indexes of novel cyclic depsinonapeptide pseudomycins, we synthesized and evaluated a series of mono-, di-, and trioxodioxolenylmethyl carbamate prodrugs (2 and 4) of pseudomycin B 1 and pseudomycin C' 3. It is rather encouraging to note that several members of the newly synthesized prodrugs described herein (e.g., 2a, 2e, and 4e) exhibited comparable in vivo efficacy to that achieved by the parent compounds, yet free of tail vein irritation and histamine induced toxicity in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Sun
- Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
This study documents correlates of psychotropic drug use among older adults and compares the results observed in this group to those observed in individuals aged 18-64. A multivariate logistic regression analysis using data from the Quebec Health Survey (1992-1993) was employed to study predisposing and facilitating factors of this behavior. Results showed that 22% of the elderly reported having used anxiolytics, sedatives or hypnotics during the two days preceding the survey, compared to 4.9% of the respondents aged 18-64. Combining both samples, perceived health status, physical functional status, and health services utilization for psychological distress symptoms were the main health factors associated with psychotropic drug use. A significant difference was observed between the two age groups with regard to the association between the respondents' health status and the use of anxiolytics, sedatives or hypnotics. When the effect of other explanatory factors was controlled, older adults in poor health used anxiolytics, sedatives or hypnotics 2.21 times more than individuals aged 18-64 with a similar health condition, whereas older adults in good health used these drugs 7.49 times more than healthy individuals aged 18-64. Furthermore, after controlling for the effect of the respondents' physical and psychological health status, our results showed that more women than men used psychotropic drugs (OR = 1.57; 99% CI = 1.26-1.94). Low-income respondents were also more likely to report using these medications (OR = 1.53; 99% CI = 1.22-1.90). These results were interpreted as supporting the socio-cultural hypothesis of psychotropic drug use, which suggests that the prescribing and utilization of psychotropic drugs is influenced not only by symptoms but also by the social characteristics of individuals. It is suggested that future research may contribute to a better understanding of psychotropic drug utilization in the older adult community-dwelling population by examining consumers' attitudes and health care providers' social values concerning the appropriateness of this behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Préville
- Sherbrooke University Institute & Gerontology Research Center, Sherbrooke Geriatric University Institute, Canada.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sun X, Zeckner DJ, Current WL, Boyer R, McMillian C, Yumibe N, Chen SH. N-acyloxymethyl carbamate linked prodrugs of pseudomycins are novel antifungal agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2001; 11:1875-9. [PMID: 11459651 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(01)00333-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We describe herein the synthesis, bioconversion, antifungal activity, and preliminary toxicology evaluation of a series of N-acyloxymethyl carbamate linked triprodrugs of pseudomycins. The syntheses of these prodrugs (3-6) were achieved via simple N-acylation of PSB (1) or PSC' (2) with various prodrug linkers (7-9). As expected, upon incubation with mouse and/or human plasma, many of these prodrugs (3, 5, and 6) were converted to the parent compound within a few hours. Of particular significance, two pseudomycin triprodrugs (5 and 6) showed excellent in vivo efficacy against systemic Candidiasis without tail vein irritation being observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Sun
- Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, 46285, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Sheets RW, Kyger JR, Biagioni RN, Probst S, Boyer R, Barke K. Relationship between soil lead and airborne lead concentrations at Springfield, Missouri, USA. Sci Total Environ 2001; 271:79-85. [PMID: 11346042 DOI: 10.1016/s0048-9697(00)00832-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This study tests whether lead deposited to soil from automobiles during past years in a medium-sized US city (population 150,000) may present a current health risk. It examines the relationship between current soil lead concentrations at nine locations within the city of Springfield, Missouri, and airborne lead levels measured at the same locations during years (1975-1981) when lead emissions from automobiles were much greater than at present. A strong, significant correlation is found between soil and airborne lead levels at eight of the sites (r = 0.91, P < 0.005 for soil lead vs. 1979 airborne lead), in low-traffic areas as well as in areas adjacent to heavy traffic flow. Residual lead concentrations in these soils are relatively low, even for the high-traffic sites, as expected for a medium sized city.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R W Sheets
- Department of Chemistry, Southwest Missouri State University, Springfield 65804, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Vedantham K, Brunet A, Boyer R, Weiss DS, Metzler TJ, Marmar CR. Posttraumatic stress disorder, trauma exposure, and the current health of Canadian bus drivers. Can J Psychiatry 2001; 46:149-55. [PMID: 11280084 DOI: 10.1177/070674370104600206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies of veterans have linked posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after combat-related trauma to increased reports of health problems. It is unclear whether this association between PTSD and increased health problems generalizes to civilians who are exposed to a broader array of traumatic events. We also do not know whether trauma exposure is associated with increased health problems in individuals who do not develop PTSD. Using a non-treatment-seeking civilian sample, we examined whether lifetime PTSD or trauma exposure by itself was associated with current health problems. METHODS Using a cross-sectional design and self-report measures, we evaluated urban Canadian bus drivers (n = 342) on trauma exposure, lifetime PTSD, and current health problems. Based on their responses, we divided our sample into individuals who had never experienced trauma (n = 91), trauma-exposed individuals who had never developed PTSD (n = 218), and persons who developed PTSD at some point after trauma (n = 33). We compared these groups on health problems, treatment service use, and health assessment measures. RESULTS The PTSD group reported increased health complaints, more frequent use of health treatments, and poorer health self-ratings compared with the exposed non-PTSD and nonexposed groups. Trauma-exposed drivers without PTSD did not differ from unexposed drivers on any health measure. Controlling for sex and trauma frequency did not alter our findings. CONCLUSIONS Trauma exposure that leads to PTSD is associated with increased health problems, while trauma exposure alone is not. Our results extend previous findings to a broader civilian context and clarify associations between trauma exposure and health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Vedantham
- Fernand-Seguin Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Voyer P, Boyer R. [Psychological well-being and related concepts: a conceptual comparative analysis.]. Sante Ment Que 2001; 26:274-296. [PMID: 18253603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The concept of psychological well-being acquired more importance in the field of health over the last decade. Ever since research paid more attention to "quality of life", psychological well-being became popular. The increasing interest in this concept entailed the development of many scales of measure. However, less importance has been given to the conceptual development of its construct, thus creating confusion between terms which at first appear similar: psychological well-being, subjective well-being, quality of life, spirit, satisfaction in life, happiness and mental health. The objective of this literature review (n:57) was to conduct a conceptual and comparative analysis (Morse et al., 1996) of psychological well-being with competitive concepts according to a comtemporary approach of analysis. Results show that these concepts are distinct and should not be used in an interchangeable way. They are distinct on various levels: type of measure (objective/subjective), type of evaluation (cognitive and affective), attributes, antecedents, consequences and influence of time (temporary/stable). Results of this review brings new light at the conceptual level for several terms. Graphic 1 illustrates its various positions thus favoring a better use of these terms in research.
Collapse
|
30
|
Parent A, Walker ML, Whitehead WE, Boyer R, Townsend J. A 14-year-old female with decreasing visual acuity, severe headache, nausea and vomiting. Pediatr Neurosurg 2001; 34:47-52. [PMID: 11275788 DOI: 10.1159/000055993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Parent
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Hospital and Clinics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson 39216-4505, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Lauzon P, Roger-Achim D, Achim A, Boyer R. Emotional distress among couples involved in first-trimester induced abortions. Can Fam Physician 2000; 46:2033-40. [PMID: 11072583 PMCID: PMC2145094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish the prevalence of clinically significant psychological distress in women and men involved in first-trimester abortions and to identify related risk factors. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING A downtown Montreal public abortion clinic and the Montreal metropolitan area. PARTICIPANTS We recruited 197 women and 113 men involved in first-trimester abortions and compared them with control groups composed of 728 women and 630 men 15 to 35 years old who had taken part in a previous public health survey (Enquête Santé Québec 1987). One hundred twenty-seven women and 69 men completed the follow-up questionnaire. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Level of distress as measured by the Ilfeld Psychological Symptom Index. RESULTS Before the abortion, 56.9% of women and 39.6% of men were much more distressed than their respective controls. Three weeks after the abortion, 41.7% of women and 30.9% of men were still highly distressed. Predictors of distress for women were fear of negative effects on the relationship, unsatisfactory relationships, relationships of less than 1 year, ambivalence about the decision to abort, not having a previous child, and suicidal ideation (this association was weaker than in controls). Predictors for men were fear of negative effects on the relationship, relationships of less than 1 year, preoccupation with the abortion and anxiety about its accompanying pain, negative perceptions of their own health, suicidal gestures in the past, and suicidal ideation in the past year (only the association with suicidal gestures was marginally stronger than in controls). CONCLUSION Being involved in a first-trimester abortion can be highly distressing for both women and men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Lauzon
- Psychology Department, University of Quebec
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chen SH, Sun X, Boyer R, Paschal J, Zeckner D, Current W, Zweifel M, Rodriguez M. Syntheses and biological evaluation of novel pseudomycin side-chain analogues. Part 2. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2000; 10:2107-10. [PMID: 10999481 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(00)00424-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A series of aliphatic side-chain analogues of pseudomycin was synthesized and evaluated during the course of our side-chain SAR effort. We found that several of the pseudomycin side-chain analogues (e.g., 10) exhibited good in vitro activity against all three major fungi responsible for systemic fungal infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S H Chen
- Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
The syntheses and preliminary investigation of antifungal activities of two dehydro PSB derivatives 8 and 10 as well as one 3-imido-9-dechloro PSB analogue 13 are described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- Lilly Research Laboratories, a Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Lamontagne Y, Boyer R, Hétu C, Lacerte-Lamontagne C. Anxiety, significant losses, depression, and irrational beliefs in first-offence shoplifters. Can J Psychiatry 2000; 45:63-6. [PMID: 10696491 DOI: 10.1177/070674370004500109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relationship among demographic data, anxiety, significant losses, depression, and irrational beliefs reported by first-offence shoplifters. METHOD One hundred and six adult shoplifters who were first-time offenders completed a self-administered questionnaire. RESULTS Men and women were equally likely to be arrested for this offence. The majority of offenders were poor and unemployed. Depression, but not anxiety, was the most common psychiatric disorder associated with shoplifting. Subjects with depression presented the greatest number of irrational beliefs related to shoplifting. CONCLUSIONS The authors suggest 2 categories of shoplifters: those who shoplift through rational choice; and those for whom shoplifting is a response to depression or leads to the fulfillment of some psychological needs. In conclusion, shoplifting does not have a unitary motive, and the clinical implications are that the affective and cognitive aspects of shoplifters' behaviours must be taken into account.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Lamontagne
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Montreal, Quebec
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Oro J, Amiridze N, Boyer R. Decompressive craniotomy in medically uncontrollable malignant infarction. Mo Med 2000; 97:17-20. [PMID: 10643280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Patients with progressive neurological deficit following large cerebral infarctions are viewed to have a uniformly poor prognosis. We present two patients with large middle cerebral artery infarctions in which a decompressive craniotomy was life saving and resulted in functional outcome. The clinical course of patients with malignant infarction and the treatment issues involved including patient selection and the timing and extent of cranial decompression are discussed.
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
This study describes 6- and 12-month outcomes in a referral cohort with anxiety disorders and identifies treatment and prognostic factors related to these outcomes. Patients were recruited at three general hospital clinics, two psychologist-run clinics, and one psychiatric hospital clinic. Outcomes included severity of symptoms, physical and mental health status, and subjective global change in problem severity. Of 254 patients eligible for follow-up, 165 (65.0%) completed a follow-up questionnaire. Methods of treatment included consultation with return to the primary care physician (38.2%); or continued treatment at the clinic, with medications (16.4%), psychotherapy (22.4%), or both (23.0%). Both severity of symptoms and mental health status improved but remained abnormal at follow-up. In multiple logistic regression, subjective global improvement was related to a diagnosis of panic disorder only, treatment with psychotherapy, and type of referral. Change over time in symptom severity was related to clinic type, and change over time in mental health was related to clinic type and duration of previous treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J McCusker
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Community Studies, St. Mary's Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
O'Connor K, Bélanger L, Marchand A, Dupuis G, Elie R, Boyer R. Psychological distress and adaptational problems associated with discontinuation of benzodiazepines. Addict Behav 1999; 24:537-41. [PMID: 10466848 DOI: 10.1016/s0306-4603(98)00107-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study compared subjects who had received standard tapered withdrawal of benzodiazepine (BZD) (group 1) with a group with comparable diagnosis still receiving BZD (group 2) and a control group of comparable diagnosis not yet receiving treatment (group 3). Sixty subjects aged 21-65 years with a diagnosis of nonpsychotic anxiety or insomnia were included. The assessment of psychological distress and quality of life was timed to coincide with the maximum immediate effect of BZD discontinuation, as calculated according to drug half-life. Subjects diagnosed with insomnia reported lower distress in all three groups. The pattern of distress experienced by group 1 was closer to group 3 than to group 2, indicating the potential importance of re-emergence of anxiety. High neuroticism, lower education level, and lower quality of life were associated with higher levels of distress during withdrawal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K O'Connor
- Centre de Recherche Fernand-Seguin, Louis-H. Lafontaine Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Melançon G, Boyer R. [How to prevent post-traumatic stress disorder before traumatization occurs?]. Can J Psychiatry 1999; 44:253-8. [PMID: 10225126 DOI: 10.1177/070674379904400305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide an update on methods of preventing the onset of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) before trauma occurs. METHOD Survey and analysis of the literature (mainly articles) found in the Medline, Psychinfo, and Pilot databases. RESULTS Most research focuses on identifying risk factors and reinforcing individual resistance as the prime means of preventing PTSD. The severity of the trauma is by far the most serious risk factor. To reinforce resistance and prevent the onset of PTSD, the army has favoured psychoeducational approaches. However, the literature survey has found no pretrauma prevention program for other high-risk occupations. CONCLUSION The usefulness of identified risk factors for the primary prevention of PTSD is limited, since with the exception of the trauma itself, they play a minor role on the onset of severe-trauma PTSD. Psychoeducational approaches aimed at reinforcing the resistance of individuals at risk are promising, but their potential has to be further explored in individuals in high-risk trades. Finally, it has been suggested that other avenues of research in the primary prevention (pretrauma) of PTSD be explored. These include the identification of possible protection factors, the influence of genetic make-up and of biological variables, the cumulative effects of exposure to stressors, and the presence of chronic stressors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Melançon
- Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal.
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Affiliation(s)
- E Leroy
- Genetic Disease Research Branch, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
Lifetime exposure to traumatic events was assessed retrospectively among a representative sample of city bus drivers (228 men and 54 women) from Montréal, Canada. Among them, 68.1% reported at least one exposure to a traumatic event of any type. Among the 68% exposed. 70.4% reported multiple traumatic exposures (M = 2.6, SD = 1.67), with ratings ranging from 0 to 12. This report underlines the fact that the prevalence of traumatic events is not yet well known. Epidemiological research should devote more effort to assess fully the lifetime prevalence of traumatic events and not only cases of PTSD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Brunet
- Centre de recherche Fernand-Seguin, Université de Montréal.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Gruber SB, Entius MM, Petersen GM, Laken SJ, Longo PA, Boyer R, Levin AM, Mujumdar UJ, Trent JM, Kinzler KW, Vogelstein B, Hamilton SR, Polymeropoulos MH, Offerhaus GJ, Giardiello FM. Pathogenesis of adenocarcinoma in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. Cancer Res 1998; 58:5267-70. [PMID: 9850045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is an autosomal dominant condition characterized by intestinal hamartomatous polyps, mucocutaneous melanin deposition, and increased risk of cancer. Families with PJS from the Johns Hopkins Polyposis Registry were studied to identify the molecular basis of this syndrome and to characterize the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal hamartomas and adenocarcinomas in PJS patients. Linkage analysis in the family originally described by Jeghers in 1949 and five other families confirmed linkage to 19p13.3 near a recently identified gene responsible for PJS. Germ-line mutations in this gene, STK11, were identified in all six families by sequencing genomic DNA. Analysis of hamartomas and adenocarcinomas from patients with PJS identified loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of 19p markers near STK11 in 70% of tumors. Haplotype analysis indicated that the retained allele carried a germ-line mutation, confirming that STK11 is a tumor suppressor gene. LOH of 17p and 18q was identified in an adenocarcinoma but not in hamartomas, implying that allelic loss of these two regions corresponds to late molecular events in the pathogenesis of cancer in PJS. The adenocarcinomas showing 17p LOH also demonstrated altered p53 by immunohistochemistry. None of the 18 PJS tumors showed microsatellite instability, LOH on 5q near APC, or mutations in codons 12 or 13 of the K-ras proto-oncogene. These data provide evidence that STK11 is a tumor suppressor gene that acts as an early gatekeeper regulating the development of hamartomas in PJS and suggest that hamartomas may be pathogenetic precursors of adenocarcinoma. Additional somatic mutational events underlie the progression of hamartomas to adenocarcinomas, and some of these somatic mutations are common to the later stages of tumor progression seen in the majority of colorectal carcinomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S B Gruber
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Leroy E, Boyer R, Auburger G, Leube B, Ulm G, Mezey E, Harta G, Brownstein MJ, Jonnalagada S, Chernova T, Dehejia A, Lavedan C, Gasser T, Steinbach PJ, Wilkinson KD, Polymeropoulos MH. The ubiquitin pathway in Parkinson's disease. Nature 1998; 395:451-2. [PMID: 9774100 DOI: 10.1038/26652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1068] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
43
|
Préville M, Potvin L, Boyer R. Psychological distress and use of ambulatory medical services in the Quebec Medicare system. Health Serv Res 1998; 33:275-86. [PMID: 9618672 PMCID: PMC1070265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To document the impact of psychological distress symptoms on the use of ambulatory medical services in a universal insurance coverage context. DATA SOURCES Data from the Quebec Health Survey (1987) linked with billing data from the Quebec Medicare system. The time frame for the utilization variables is one year before and one year after the QHS survey. STUDY DESIGN LISREL was used to test a model introducing perceived health need as an explanatory factor of the relationship between psychological distress and the number of visits to a physician. Two samples were formed from the matched file. Sample A (n = 2,000) was used in an exploratory phase to adequately specify the model. Sample B (n = 2,000) was used to confirm the results obtained with Sample A. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The proposed model explained 35 percent of the number of visits to a physician in Sample A and 24 percent in Sample B. The effect of psychological distress symptoms on the respondent's perceived health need was as important as the effect of physical health status. The effect of the respondent's previous health services utilization on the number of visits to a physician was also significant. CONCLUSIONS These results may be interpreted to indicate that in a universal insurance coverage context, psychological distress is a significant predictor of perceived health need.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Préville
- Gerontology Research Center, Sherbrooke Geriatric University Institute, Québec, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
McCusker J, Boulenger JP, Boyer R, Bellavance F, Miller JM. Use of health services for anxiety disorders: a multisite study in Quebec. Can J Psychiatry 1997; 42:730-6. [PMID: 9307833 DOI: 10.1177/070674379704200705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated patient characteristics and use of services for anxiety disorders among patients seeking care from participating clinicians at 7 anxiety clinics in Quebec: 3 general hospital clinics, 3 psychologist-run clinics, and one psychiatric hospital clinic. METHODS Persons eligible for the study were those who were visiting the clinics for the first time, had a current diagnosis of an anxiety disorder, and could communicate in French or English. Subjects recruited through advertisements were excluded. Data, collected by a self-administered questionnaire, included demographics, treatment history, use of services for anxiety, and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). RESULTS The sample comprised 235 subjects: 146 seen at 3 general hospital clinics, 54 at 3 psychologist-run clinics, and 35 at a psychiatric hospital clinic. There were statistically significant differences by clinic type in the prevalence of specific anxiety diagnoses, BAI score, referral source, antidepressant use, and use of services. High-intensity use (10 or more consultations during the previous year) was reported by 23.4% of the sample for medical services and 19.6% for mental health services. Multiple logistic regression identified variables associated with high-intensity use of medical services (higher BAI score, 1 to 4 years since first sought treatment, and less than 12 years of education) and high-intensity use of mental health services (clinic type, obsessive-compulsive disorder [OCD], and 5 or more years since first sought treatment). CONCLUSIONS The patient populations seen at different types of anxiety clinics differ in several respects, including referral source, previous treatment, and severity of symptoms. Regardless of type of clinic, patients with a longer time since they first sought treatment use more services, particularly mental health services. Those with less education use more medical services than those with greater education.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J McCusker
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Community Studies, St Mary's Hospital, Montreal, Quebec
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Mattson K, Le Chevalier T, Bospuée L, Pujol J, Culine S, Dabouis G, Le Groumellec A, Stupp R, Boyer R, Bérille J. Interim results of a phase II study of docetaxel (Taxotere™) in unresectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) on 204 chemotherapy naive or pretreated patients. Eur J Cancer 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(97)85813-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
46
|
Polymeropoulos MH, Lavedan C, Leroy E, Ide SE, Dehejia A, Dutra A, Pike B, Root H, Rubenstein J, Boyer R, Stenroos ES, Chandrasekharappa S, Athanassiadou A, Papapetropoulos T, Johnson WG, Lazzarini AM, Duvoisin RC, Di Iorio G, Golbe LI, Nussbaum RL. Mutation in the alpha-synuclein gene identified in families with Parkinson's disease. Science 1997. [PMID: 9197268 DOI: 10.1126/science.276.5321.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder with a lifetime incidence of approximately 2 percent. A pattern of familial aggregation has been documented for the disorder, and it was recently reported that a PD susceptibility gene in a large Italian kindred is located on the long arm of human chromosome 4. A mutation was identified in the alpha-synuclein gene, which codes for a presynaptic protein thought to be involved in neuronal plasticity, in the Italian kindred and in three unrelated families of Greek origin with autosomal dominant inheritance for the PD phenotype. This finding of a specific molecular alteration associated with PD will facilitate the detailed understanding of the pathophysiology of the disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M H Polymeropoulos
- Laboratory of Genetic Disease Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1430, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Polymeropoulos MH, Lavedan C, Leroy E, Ide SE, Dehejia A, Dutra A, Pike B, Root H, Rubenstein J, Boyer R, Stenroos ES, Chandrasekharappa S, Athanassiadou A, Papapetropoulos T, Johnson WG, Lazzarini AM, Duvoisin RC, Di Iorio G, Golbe LI, Nussbaum RL. Mutation in the alpha-synuclein gene identified in families with Parkinson's disease. Science 1997; 276:2045-7. [PMID: 9197268 DOI: 10.1126/science.276.5321.2045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5792] [Impact Index Per Article: 214.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder with a lifetime incidence of approximately 2 percent. A pattern of familial aggregation has been documented for the disorder, and it was recently reported that a PD susceptibility gene in a large Italian kindred is located on the long arm of human chromosome 4. A mutation was identified in the alpha-synuclein gene, which codes for a presynaptic protein thought to be involved in neuronal plasticity, in the Italian kindred and in three unrelated families of Greek origin with autosomal dominant inheritance for the PD phenotype. This finding of a specific molecular alteration associated with PD will facilitate the detailed understanding of the pathophysiology of the disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M H Polymeropoulos
- Laboratory of Genetic Disease Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1430, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
A simple, inexpensive method of displaying electroencephalographic (EEG) dipole sources on magnetic resonance images (MRIs) is presented. It consists of measuring the head according to the 10-20 system but instead of placing electrodes, benzonatate capsules (Tessalon Perles) (100 mg) are affixed to the patient's scalp. MRI is obtained with the capsules in place. In addition to the routine images, thin-section (1.0-1.3-mm) scans in a three-dimensional volume are obtained and the coordinates for each electrode position ascertained. The capsules are then replaced by electrodes and a waking and sleep recording is performed with a digital EEG instrument. Phenomena of interest are then averaged and interfaced with a source analysis program. The three-dimensional electrode coordinates are placed in a file and used to establish the electrode cloud on the basis of which source analysis proceeds. The three-dimensional source locations are then superimposed on the MRIs. The method is useful in the workup of epilepsy patients, by relating focal epileptogenic activity to definable lesions, and it also allows more precise localization of normal EEG phenomena.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Rodin
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah Salt Lake City, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Barkovich AJ, Ferriero DM, Bass N, Boyer R. Involvement of the pontomedullary corticospinal tracts: a useful finding in the diagnosis of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1997; 18:95-100. [PMID: 9010525 PMCID: PMC8337858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether pontomedullary corticospinal tract involvement is a common and specific finding of adrenoleukodystrophy on MR images. METHODS MR images of 10 patients with biochemically proved adrenoleukodystrophy who were examined during the last 6 years were reviewed retrospectively to determine the frequency of corticospinal tract involvement in the medulla, pons, mesencephalon, internal capsules, and corona radiata. MR images of 10 patients with other leukodystrophies (three with Krabbe disease, two with Alexander disease, two with metachromatic leukodystrophy, two with Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, and one with Canavan disease) were reviewed with specific attention to the pontomedullary corticospinal tracts. RESULTS Medullary and pontine corticospinal tract involvement was present in eight of the 10 patients with adrenoleukodystrophy. Mesencephalic and internal capsular involvement was present in three patients. The coronal radiata portion of the corticospinal tracts was not involved in any of the 10 patients. No pontomedullary corticospinal tract involvement was identified in any of the 10 patients with other leukodystrophies. The difference in the frequency of pontomedullary corticospinal tract involvement between the two groups was highly significant. CONCLUSION Pontomedullary corticospinal tract involvement is a common finding in adrenoleukodystrophy and is unusual in other leukodystrophies. Awareness of this finding can facilitate the radiologic diagnosis of this disease and may expedite management of affected patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A J Barkovich
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco 94143, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Godin G, Savard J, Kok G, Fortin C, Boyer R. HIV seropositive gay men: understanding adoption of safe sexual practices. AIDS Educ Prev 1996; 8:529-545. [PMID: 9010512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the best predictors of safe sex practices among HIV seropositive gay men. A group of 96 homosexual men living with HIV completed a questionnaire that investigated theoretical constructs of the Ajzen's (1988) theory of planned behavior with respect to condom use for anal intercourse and sexual practices without anal intercourse. Other variables such as Triandis's (1977) construct of personal normative belief, psychological distress, and alcohol and drug use before sexual encounters were also investigated. Results indicated that the best predictor of intention to use condoms was perceived behavioral control. Personal normative belief was another important predictor of this intention. Although the best predictor of intention to have only sex without anal intercourse was perceived subjective norm, this intention was also significantly explained by perceived behavioral control. Moreover, perceived behavioral control was a significant predictor of having only sex without anal intercourse. Public health interventions among HIV seropositive gay men should aim mainly at increasing perception of behavioral control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Godin
- L'Ecole des sciences infirmières, Université Laval, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|