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Gowane GR, Sharma P, Kumar R, Misra SS, Alex R, Vohra V, Chhotaray S, Dass G, Chopra A, Kandalkar Y, Vijay V, Choudhary A, Magotra A, Rajendran R. Cross-population genetic analysis revealed genetic variation and selection in the Ovar-DRB1 gene of Indian sheep breeds. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:2928-2939. [PMID: 36153754 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2022.2125404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
In sheep, MHC variability is studied widely to explore disease association. The aim of the current study was to explore the genetic diversity of Ovar-DRB diversity across sheep breeds of India. Here, Ovar-DRB1 locus was studied across 20 sheep breeds. DRB1 was amplified (301 bp) and sequenced using a PCR-sequence-based typing approach. Results revealed a high degree of heterozygosity across breeds (mean: 73.99%). Overall mean distance for DRB1 was highest in Sangamneri (0.18) and lowest in Madgyal sheep (0.10). There was a higher rate of transition, across breeds. Further, 39 alleles were isolated in different breeds, out of which 10 were new. To allow easy access and use of the immune-polymorphic database, an online database management system was launched (http://www.mhcdbms.in/). Nucleotide content across breeds for the DRB1 region revealed the richness of GC content (59.26%). Wu-Kabat index revealed vast genetic variation across peptide binding sites (PBS) of DRB1. Residues 6, 66, 69, 52, and 81, were polymorphic showing utility for antigen presentation. All breeds were under positive selection for DRB1 locus (dN > dS). Study revealed the importance of DRB locus diversity for beta chain specifically at PBS across sheep breeds of the Indian subcontinent and presented evidence of positive selection for DRB owing to its evolutionary significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Gowane
- Animal Genetics & Breeding Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Priya Sharma
- Animal Genetics & Breeding Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Rajiv Kumar
- Animal Genetics & Breeding Division, ICAR-Central Sheep & Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, India
| | - S S Misra
- Animal Genetics & Breeding Division, ICAR-Central Sheep & Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, India
| | - Rani Alex
- Animal Genetics & Breeding Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - V Vohra
- Animal Genetics & Breeding Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - S Chhotaray
- Animal Genetics & Breeding Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Gopal Dass
- Animal Genetics & Breeding Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, India
| | - Ashish Chopra
- Animal Genetics & Breeding Division, ICAR-Arid Region Campus, Central Sheep & Wool Research Institute Bikaner, Avikanagar, India
| | - Yogesh Kandalkar
- Deccani Sheep Breeding Unit, NWPSI at Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapith, Rahuri, India
| | - V Vijay
- Sonadi Seep Breeding Unit, NWPSI at Navaniya Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, India
| | | | - Ankit Magotra
- Animal Genetics & Breeding Division, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India
| | - R Rajendran
- Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Theni, India
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Palanisamy S, Rajendran R, Kumar SS. Effect of Incident angle on Weld Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Laser Beam Welded Nitronic -50 Austenitic Stainless Steel Joints. Micron 2023; 169:103457. [PMID: 37059024 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2023.103457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
3 mm thick nitronic-50 stainless steel sheets were successfully butt-joined using a 2 kW fiber laser beam welding. Three weld joints were fabricated for different incident angles, namely, 70°, 80° and 90° for the other constant welding process parameters. The effect of incident angle on the weld bead geometry, microstructure evolution, and strength of the laser beam welded joints was studied in detail. The incident angle significantly affected the bead geometry and its orientation. Lowering the incident angle beyond a limit caused the beam shift near the weld root of the joint, where the bead was formed away from the joint line resulting in improper fusion and a defective weld occurred. The microstructure transformed from columnar to an equiaxed dendritic structure at the center of the weld nugget for lower incident angles. Skeletal and lathy ferrite was observed in the joints' weld zone. However, the fraction of lathy ferrite was higher at lower incident angles due to a faster cooling rate. A higher weld joint strength of 1010 MPa (97% of the base metal UTS) was achieved at an 80° incident angle, owing to the formation of more equiaxed dendritic grains and the absence of the secondary phases. All of the tensile test samples showed evidence of ductile failure, and overall, an acceptable level of elongation was achieved.
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Radhika G, Sankar R, Rajendran R. Prevalence and diagnostic tools predictability of common mental disorders among Indian children and adolescent population: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Mental Health Hum Behav 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_127_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Chen CY, Tran DM, Cavedon A, Cai X, Rajendran R, Lyle MJ, Martini PGV, Miao CH. Treatment of Hemophilia A Using Factor VIII Messenger RNA Lipid Nanoparticles. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2020; 20:534-544. [PMID: 32330871 PMCID: PMC7178004 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hemophilia A (HemA) patients are currently treated with costly and inconvenient replacement therapy of short-lived factor VIII (FVIII) protein. Development of lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-encapsulated mRNA encoding FVIII can change this paradigm. LNP technology constitutes a biocompatible and scalable system to efficiently package and deliver mRNA to the target site. Mice intravenously infused with the luciferase mRNA LNPs showed luminescence signals predominantly in the liver 4 h after injection. Repeated injections of LNPs did not induce elevation of liver transaminases. We next injected LNPs carrying mRNAs encoding different variants of human FVIII (F8 LNPs) into HemA mice. A single injection of B domain-deleted F8 LNPs using different dosing regimens achieved a wide range of therapeutic activities rapidly, which can be beneficial for various usages in hemophilia treatment. The expression slowly declined yet remained above therapeutic levels up to 5–7 days post-injection. Furthermore, routine repeated injections of F8 LNPs in immunodeficient mice produced consistent expression of FVIII over time. In conclusion, F8 LNP treatment produced rapid and prolonged duration of FVIII expression that could be applied to prophylactic treatment and potentially various other treatment options. Our study showed potential for a safe and effective platform of new mRNA therapies for HemA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yu Chen
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Xiaohe Cai
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Meghan J Lyle
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Carol H Miao
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Akiboye F, Adderley NJ, Martin J, Gokhale K, Rudge GM, Marshall TP, Rajendran R, Nirantharakumar K, Rayman G. Impact of the Diabetes Inpatient Care and Education (DICE) project on length of stay and mortality. Diabet Med 2020; 37:277-285. [PMID: 31265148 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIM To determine whether the Diabetes Inpatient Care and Education (DICE) programme, a whole-systems approach to managing inpatient diabetes, reduces length of stay, in-hospital mortality and readmissions. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Diabetes Inpatient Care and Education initiatives included identification of all diabetes admissions, a novel DICE care-pathway, an online system for prioritizing referrals, use of web-linked glucose meters, an enhanced diabetes team, and novel diabetes training for doctors. Patient administration system data were extracted for people admitted to Ipswich Hospital from January 2008 to June 2016. Logistic regression was used to compare binary outcomes (mortality, 30-day readmissions) 6 months before and after the intervention; generalized estimating equations were used to compare lengths of stay. Interrupted time series analysis was performed over the full 7.5-year period to account for secular trends. RESULTS Before-and-after analysis revealed a significant reduction in lengths of stay for people with and without diabetes: relative ratios 0.89 (95% CI 0.83, 0.97) and 0.93 (95% CI 0.90, 0.96), respectively; however, in interrupted time series analysis the change in long-term trend for length of stay following the intervention was significant only for people with diabetes (P=0.017 vs P=0.48). Odds ratios for mortality were 0.63 (0.48, 0.82) and 0.81 (0.70, 0.93) in people with and without diabetes, respectively; however, the change in trend was not significant in people with diabetes, while there was an apparent increase in those without diabetes. There was no significant change in 30-day readmissions, but interrupted time series analysis showed a rising trend in both groups. CONCLUSION The DICE programme was associated with a shorter length of stay in inpatients with diabetes beyond that observed in people without diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Akiboye
- Diabetes Research Unit, Ipswich Hospital NHS Trust, Ipswich, UK
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - N J Adderley
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - J Martin
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - K Gokhale
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - G M Rudge
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - T P Marshall
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - R Rajendran
- Diabetes Research Unit, Ipswich Hospital NHS Trust, Ipswich, UK
| | - K Nirantharakumar
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - G Rayman
- Diabetes Research Unit, Ipswich Hospital NHS Trust, Ipswich, UK
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Kumar CPG, Sugunan AP, Yadav P, Kurup KK, Aarathee R, Manickam P, Bhatnagar T, Radhakrishnan C, Thomas B, Kumar A, Jayasree J, Philomina B, Kumar KGS, Thulaseedharan NK, Gupta N, Rajendran R, Saritha RL, Mourya DT, Gangakhedkar RR, Murhekar MV. Infections among Contacts of Patients with Nipah Virus, India. Emerg Infect Dis 2019; 25:1007-1010. [PMID: 31002050 PMCID: PMC6478200 DOI: 10.3201/eid2505.181352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted a serosurvey of 155 healthcare workers and 124 household and community members who had close contact with 18 patients who had laboratory-confirmed Nipah virus infections in Kerala, India. We detected 3 subclinical infections; 2 persons had IgM and IgG and 1 only IgM against Nipah virus.
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Chevalier M, Doglio A, Rajendran R, Ramage G, Prêcheur I, Ranque S. Inhibition of adhesion-specific genes by Solidago virgaurea extract causes loss of Candida albicans biofilm integrity. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 127:68-77. [PMID: 31013388 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Candida albicans biofilms are commonly associated with severe oral infections. We previously discovered that a crude extract from the Solidago virgaurea plant (SV extract) was a potent inhibitor of C. albicans biofilm formation. Here, we further investigate the mechanisms underlying C. albicans biofilm inhibition by the SV extract. METHODS AND RESULTS The SV extract was shown to inhibit laboratory and clinical C. albicans isolates adherence and hyphal transition on inert support and epithelial human cells, without affecting viability and growth of planktonic yeasts. Interestingly, RT-PCR-based experiments demonstrated that some key genes involved in adhesion and hyphal morphological switch (e.g. Hwp1p, Ece1p, Als3p) were strongly down-regulated by the SV extract. Moreover, antimicrobial synergy testing (checkerboard assay) demonstrated that antifungal effects of miconazole, nystatin or a common antiseptic mouthwash were synergistically improved when used in combination with the SV extract. CONCLUSIONS The SV extract prevents C. albicans biofilm formation through direct inhibition of key adherence and hyphae-associated genes. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Biofilm is considered as a key virulence factor of C. albicans infection. Our discovery of an inhibitor specifically acting on genes involved in biofilm formation paves the way for the future development of a new class of antifungal product.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chevalier
- Micoralis, UFR Odontologie, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,AP-HM, IRD, VITROME, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Université Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - A Doglio
- Micoralis, UFR Odontologie, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire et Génique (UTCG), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Nice, France
| | - R Rajendran
- Infection and Immunity Research Group, Glasgow Dental School, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - G Ramage
- Infection and Immunity Research Group, Glasgow Dental School, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - I Prêcheur
- Micoralis, UFR Odontologie, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,Pôle Odontologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Nice, France
| | - S Ranque
- AP-HM, IRD, VITROME, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Université Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France
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Cifuentes CR, Rajendran R, Emming L, Keysers C, Legon W, Gazzola V. Cross-species characterization of transcranial focused ultrasound. Brain Stimul 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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9
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An D, Schneller JL, Frassetto A, Liang S, Zhu X, Park JS, Theisen M, Hong SJ, Zhou J, Rajendran R, Levy B, Howell R, Besin G, Presnyak V, Sabnis S, Murphy-Benenato KE, Kumarasinghe ES, Salerno T, Mihai C, Lukacs CM, Chandler RJ, Guey LT, Venditti CP, Martini PGV. Systemic Messenger RNA Therapy as a Treatment for Methylmalonic Acidemia. Cell Rep 2018; 24:2520. [PMID: 30157442 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Vijayalakshmy K, Kumar P, Virmani M, Pawaria S, Lalaji NS, Sharma P, Rajendran R, Yadav PS, Kumar D. A novel combination of silane-coated silica colloid with hybrid RNA extraction protocol and RNA enrichment for downstream applications of spermatozoal RNA. Andrologia 2018; 50:e13030. [DOI: 10.1111/and.13030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K. Vijayalakshmy
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division; ICAR-Central Institute of Research on Buffaloes; Hisar India
- Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences; Hisar India
| | - P. Kumar
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division; ICAR-Central Institute of Research on Buffaloes; Hisar India
| | - M. Virmani
- Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences; Hisar India
| | - S. Pawaria
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division; ICAR-Central Institute of Research on Buffaloes; Hisar India
| | - N. S. Lalaji
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division; ICAR-Central Institute of Research on Buffaloes; Hisar India
| | - P. Sharma
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division; ICAR-Central Institute of Research on Buffaloes; Hisar India
| | - R. Rajendran
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division; ICAR-Central Institute of Research on Buffaloes; Hisar India
| | - P. S. Yadav
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division; ICAR-Central Institute of Research on Buffaloes; Hisar India
| | - D. Kumar
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division; ICAR-Central Institute of Research on Buffaloes; Hisar India
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Sudhakara G, Mallaiah P, Rajendran R, Saralakumari D. Caralluma fimbriata and metformin protection of rat pancreas from high fat diet induced oxidative stress. Biotech Histochem 2018; 93:177-187. [PMID: 29388484 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2017.1406615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A high fat diet promotes oxidative stress, which contributes to the development of pancreatic fibrosis. We compared the protective effects of a hydroalcoholic extract of Caralluma fimbriata (CFE) to metformin (Met) in the pancreas of Wistar rats fed a high fat diet. The experimental animals were divided into five groups: control (C), treated with CFE (C + CFE), treated with high fat diet (HFD), high fat diet treated with CFE (HFD + CFE), and high fat diet treated with metformin (Met) (HFD + Met). CFE was administered orally to groups C + CFE and HFD + CFE rats for 90 days. Met was given to the HFD + Met group. After 90 days, oxidative stress markers in the pancreas including reduced glutathione (GSH), lipid oxidation (LO), protein oxidation (PO), and activities of antioxidant and polyol pathway enzymes, aldose reductase (AR) and sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) were assayed and tissue histology was examined. Establishment of oxidative stress in high fat diet fed rats was verified by elevated LO and PO, decreased GSH, decreased activities of antioxidants and increased activities of polyol pathway enzymes. Oxidative stress was prevented in HFD + CFE and HFD + Met groups. Group C + CFE exhibited improved antioxidant status compared to group C. CFE treatment prevented high fat diet induced acinar cell degeneration, necrosis, edema and hemorrhage. CFE could be used as adjuvant therapy for preventing or managing high fat diet induced pancreatic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sudhakara
- a Department of Biochemistry , Sri Krishnadevaraya University , Anantapuramu , India
| | - P Mallaiah
- a Department of Biochemistry , Sri Krishnadevaraya University , Anantapuramu , India
| | - R Rajendran
- b Green Chem Herbal Extracts and Formulations , Bangalore , India
| | - D Saralakumari
- a Department of Biochemistry , Sri Krishnadevaraya University , Anantapuramu , India
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Ramachandran NV, Rajendran R. Job Stress in Marketing Executives of Selected Private Sector Banks in Chennai: An Empirical Study. ijms 2018. [DOI: 10.18843/ijms/v5i1(4)/05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Jishma P, Hussain N, Chellappan R, Rajendran R, Mathew J, Radhakrishnan EK. Strain-specific variation in plant growth promoting volatile organic compounds production by five different Pseudomonas spp. as confirmed by response of Vigna radiata seedlings. J Appl Microbiol 2017; 123:204-216. [PMID: 28423218 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM Analysis of a blend of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released by Pseudomonas spp. with growth-promoting effect in Vigna radiata seedlings. METHODS AND RESULTS Plant growth-promoting activity of VOCs produced by five different Pseudomonas spp. was investigated by I-plate technique. VOCs produced by different organisms were extracted by various solvents (methanol, ethyl acetate, hexane and butanol) and were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis. The major VOCs identified were undecane, nonadecane, hexacosane, tetradecane, heptacosane, pentadecane, dodecane and tetratetracontane. The cultural conditions for the production of VOCs with plant growth enhancement effect were optimized and further confirmed using pure pentadecane as a candidate VOC. CONCLUSIONS The study provides insight into plant beneficial effect of VOCs produced by Pseudomonas spp. Remarkable modulation in the production of VOCs with plant growth-promoting effect by rhizobacteria was found to be dependent on the bacterial strain and its concentration. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The study describes the requirement to consider bacterial VOC production also for preparing plant probiotic formulations. As VOCs are least considered for preparation of commercial plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial strain formulation, the results of the study is highly significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Jishma
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - N Hussain
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - R Chellappan
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - R Rajendran
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - J Mathew
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - E K Radhakrishnan
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India
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Sahu AR, Jeichitra V, Rajendran R, Raja A. Polymorphism in exon 3 of myostatin ( MSTN ) gene and its association with growth traits in Indian sheep breeds. Small Rumin Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2017.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Sahu AR, Jeichitra V, Rajendran R, Raja A. Polymorphism of growth hormone receptor (GHR) gene in Nilagiri sheep. Trop Anim Health Prod 2016; 49:281-285. [PMID: 27885492 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-016-1189-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The allelic variation in the regulatory sequence of growth hormone receptor (GHR) gene influences the growth traits of sheep. A study was carried out to find out the polymorphisms associated with exon 10 of GHR gene and its association with growth traits of Nilagiri sheep. The blood samples were collected from Nilagiri sheep (n = 103) reared at Sheep Breeding Research Station, Sandynallah, Tamil Nadu, India. DNA was isolated using the phenol-chloroform extraction procedure and eight samples having amplified product of part of exon 10 (895 bp) sequenced. The results indicated transitions of nucleotide G>A at loci G177624A and G177878A. The genotyping frequencies estimated using the tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-PCR for GG, GA and AA were 0.262, 0.544 and 0.194, and 0.349, 0.505 and 0.146, respectively. The estimated allele frequencies of G and A nucleotides were 0.5340 and 0.4660, and 0.6015 and 0.3985, respectively, at loci G177624A and G177878A. The effects of both the mutations on growth-related traits viz., birth, weaning (3 months) 6, 9 and 12 months weight in Nilagiri sheep were found to be non-significant. This can be a novel approach to assess growth of sheep using the mutation in GHR gene. Thus, this approach can be useful for further investigation as a molecular marker associated with genetic improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amiya Ranjan Sahu
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai, 600007, India.
| | - V Jeichitra
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu, Thanjavur, 614625, India
| | - R Rajendran
- Directorate of Research, TANUVAS, Madhavaram Milk Colony, Chennai, 600051, India
| | - A Raja
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai, 600007, India
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Reuben R, Rajendran R, Sunish IP, Mani TR, Tewari SC, Hiriyan J, Gajanana A. Annual single-dose diethylcarbamazine plus ivermectin for control of bancroftian filariasis: comparative efficacy with and without vector control. Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00034983.2001.11813649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Sunish IP, Rajendran R, Munirathinam A, Kalimuthu M, Kumar VA, Nagaraj J, Tyagi BK. Impact on prevalence of intestinal helminth infection in school children administered with seven annual rounds of diethyl carbamazine (DEC) with albendazole. Indian J Med Res 2016; 141:330-9. [PMID: 25963494 PMCID: PMC4442331 DOI: 10.4103/0971-5916.156622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES One third of the world's population is infected with one or more of the most common soil-transmitted helminths (STH). Albendazole (ALB) is being administered with diethyl carbamazine (DEC) in filariasis endemic areas to eliminate lymphatic filariasis (LF) and helminth infections. In this study, the cumulative impact of seven annual rounds of mass drug administrations (MDA) of DEC and ALB on STH infection in school children in selected villages in southern India was determined. METHODS During 2001-2010, seven MDAs were implemented by the Tamil Nadu s0 tate h0 ealth d0 epartment, India. LF and STH infections were monitored in school children from 18 villages of the two treatment arms (viz, DEC alone and DEC+ALB). Kato-Katz cellophane quantitative thick smear technique was employed to estimate STH infections at three weeks, six months and one year post MDA. RESULTS Prior to treatment, an overall STH prevalence was 60 per cent. After each MDA, infection markedly reduced at three weeks post-treatment in both the arms. The prevalence increased at six months period, which was maintained up to one year. After seven rounds of MDA, the infection reduced from 60.44 to 12.48 per cent in DEC+ALB arm; while the reduction was negligible in DEC alone arm (58.77 to 52.70%). INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS Seven rounds of MDA with DEC+ALB reduced the infection load significantly, and further sustained low level of infection for 10 years. However, complete parasite elimination could not be achieved. To curtail STH infection in the community, MDA should be regularized and environmental sanitation measures need to be improved by effective community-based campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - B K Tyagi
- Centre for Research in Medical Entomology (ICMR), Madurai, India
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Rajendran R, Prabhavathy P, Karthiksundaram S, Pattabi S, Dinesh Kumar S, Santhanam P. Biodecolorization and Bioremediation of Denim Industrial Wastewater by Adapted Bacterial Consortium Immobilized on Inert Polyurethane Foam (PUF) Matrix: A First Approach with Biobarrier Model. Pol J Microbiol 2015; 64:329-38. [DOI: 10.5604/17331331.1185230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present experiments were studied on bioremediation of denim industry wastewater by using polyurethane foam (PU foam) immobilized bacterial cells. About 30 indigenous adapted bacterial strains were isolated from denim textile effluent out of which only four isolates were found to be efficient against crude indigo carmine degradation using broth decolorization method. The selected bacterial strains were identified as Actinomyces sp., (PK 07), Pseudomonas sp., (PK 18), Stenotrophomonas sp., (PK 23) and Staphylococcus sp., (PK 28) based on microscopic and biochemical characteristics. The bacterial immobilized cells have the highest number of viable cells (PK07, PK18, PK23 and PK28 appeared to be 1 × 108, 1 × 109, 1 × 106 and 1 × 107 CFU/ml respectively) and maximum attachment efficiency of 92% on PU foam. The complete degradation using a consortium of PU foam immobilized cells was achieved at pH 6, 27°C, 100% of substrate concentration and allowed to develop biofilm for one day (1.5% W/V). In SEM analysis, it was found that immobilization of bacterial cells using PUF stably maintained the production of various extracellular enzymes at levels higher than achieved with suspended forms. Finally, isatin and anthranilic acid were found to be degradation products by NMR and TLC. The decolorized dye was not toxic to monkey kidney cell (HBL 100) at a concentration of 50 µl and 95% of cell viability was retained. A mathematical model that describes bacterial transport with biodegradation involves a set of coupled reaction equations with non-standard numerical approach based on the time step scheme.
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Purushothaman J, Ramaseshan R, Albert S, Rajendran R, Gowrishankar N, Ramasubbu V, Murugesan S, Dasgupta A, Jayakumar T. Influence of surface roughness and melt superheat on HDA process to form a tritium permeation barrier on RAFM steel. Fusion Engineering and Design 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2015.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Rajendran R, Sherry L, Nile CJ, Sherriff A, Johnson EM, Hanson MF, Williams C, Munro CA, Jones BJ, Ramage G. Biofilm formation is a risk factor for mortality in patients with Candida albicans bloodstream infection-Scotland, 2012-2013. Clin Microbiol Infect 2015; 22:87-93. [PMID: 26432192 PMCID: PMC4721535 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2015.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Bloodstream infections caused by Candida species remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. Biofilm formation by Candida species is an important virulence factor for disease pathogenesis. A prospective analysis of patients with Candida bloodstream infection (n = 217) in Scotland (2012–2013) was performed to assess the risk factors associated with patient mortality, in particular the impact of biofilm formation. Candida bloodstream isolates (n = 280) and clinical records for 157 patients were collected through 11 different health boards across Scotland. Biofilm formation by clinical isolates was assessed in vitro with standard biomass assays. The role of biofilm phenotype on treatment efficacy was also evaluated in vitro by treating preformed biofilms with fixed concentrations of different classes of antifungal. Available mortality data for 134 patients showed that the 30-day candidaemia case mortality rate was 41%, with predisposing factors including patient age and catheter removal. Multivariate Cox regression survival analysis for 42 patients showed a significantly higher mortality rate for Candida albicans infection than for Candida glabrata infection. Biofilm-forming ability was significantly associated with C. albicans mortality (34 patients). Finally, in vitro antifungal sensitivity testing showed that low biofilm formers and high biofilm formers were differentially affected by azoles and echinocandins, but not by polyenes. This study provides further evidence that the biofilm phenotype represents a significant clinical entity, and that isolates with this phenotype differentially respond to antifungal therapy in vitro. Collectively, these findings show that greater clinical understanding is required with respect to Candida biofilm infections, and the implications of isolate heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rajendran
- School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - L Sherry
- School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - C J Nile
- School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - A Sherriff
- School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - E M Johnson
- Public Health England, Southwest Laboratory, Bristol, UK
| | | | - C Williams
- University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, UK
| | - C A Munro
- University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - B J Jones
- Microbiology Department, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - G Ramage
- School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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Rajendran R, Kerry C, Round RM, Barker S, Scott A, Rayman G. Impact of the Diabetes Inpatient Care and Education (DICE) project and the DICE Care Pathway on patient outcomes and trainee doctor's knowledge and confidence. Diabet Med 2015; 32:920-4. [PMID: 25819323 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the impact of the Diabetes Inpatient Care and Education project and a comprehensive diabetes care pathway, the Diabetes Inpatient Care and Education Care Pathway, on patient outcomes and on the knowledge and confidence of trainee doctors. METHODS The effect on patient outcomes was evaluated by comparing the National Diabetes Inpatient Audit data before (2012) and after (2013) implementing the Diabetes Inpatient Care and Education project. The impact on trainee doctors was evaluated using the Modified Kirkpatrick model. Just before the project began and again 3 months later, trainee doctors were surveyed to assess their knowledge and confidence in inpatient diabetes care. RESULTS Patient harm was found to have been reduced significantly when National Diabetes Inpatient Audit data for 2012 and 2013 were compared. Severe hypoglycaemia decreased from 15.4 to 9.7%, medication errors from 56.9 to 21.1% and insulin errors from 31 to 7%. Across the 96 trainee doctors surveyed, the mean (sd) knowledge and confidence scores increased significantly (P < 0.001 for both) from 57.1 (16.8) and 61.8 (14.9) to 68.4 (13.3) and 74.3 (11.7), respectively. CONCLUSION The Diabetes Inpatient Care and Education project and the Diabetes Inpatient Care and Education Care Pathway improved patient outcomes and the knowledge and confidence of trainee doctors in this hospital. The impact of a similar project in other hospitals needs to be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rajendran
- Diabetes Centre, The Ipswich Hospital NHS Trust, Ipswich, UK
| | - C Kerry
- Diabetes Centre, The Ipswich Hospital NHS Trust, Ipswich, UK
| | - R-M Round
- Diabetes Centre, The Ipswich Hospital NHS Trust, Ipswich, UK
| | - S Barker
- Diabetes Centre, The Ipswich Hospital NHS Trust, Ipswich, UK
| | - A Scott
- Diabetes Centre, The Ipswich Hospital NHS Trust, Ipswich, UK
| | - G Rayman
- Diabetes Centre, The Ipswich Hospital NHS Trust, Ipswich, UK
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Geetha A, Sakthivel R, Mallika J, Kannusamy R, Rajendran R. Green Synthesis of Antibacterial Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Biopolymer Azadirachta indica Gum. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.13005/ojc/320222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
Manufacturing industries implement ERP to increase the sales and profit and reduce the legacy system issues in their organization. However, in the implementation stage itself they face lot of challenges, sometimes they even face failure in implementation. The implementing companies need lot of resources and coordination from different areas and without these resources and coordination they cannot succeed. Even though they succeed in implementation, the performance is not up to the expected level in many cases. Since many CSFs are involved in this process, the managers have to identify the CSFs and plan accordingly to achieve system success. In this case, the authors discuss the important Critical Success Factors involved in different stages of implementation of ERP. Furthermore, they have tried to study the extent of system success in the companies and also identify the influence of ERP implementation on organization effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Rajendran
- Sri Ramakrishna Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, India
| | - V. Kalaiarasi
- Sri Ramakrishna Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, India
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Saravanan S, Hairul Islam VI, David HA, Lakshmi Sundaram R, Chellappandian M, Balakrishna K, Rajendran R, Vijayaraghavan P, Gabriel Paulraj M, Ignacimuthu S. Bioassay guided fractionation and identification of active anti-inflammatory constituent from Delonix elata flowers using RAW 264.7 cells. Pharm Biol 2015; 53:174-184. [PMID: 25289526 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2014.913067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Delonix elata (L.) Gamble (Fabaceae) has been used in the Indian traditional medicine system to treat rheumatism and inflammation. AIM To assess the anti-inflammatory effect of Delonix elata flowers and to isolate the active principle. MATERIALS AND METHODS The prompt anti-inflammatory constituent was isolated from Delonix elata flower extracts using bioassay guided fractionation in liposaccharide (LPS) stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line. The anti-inflammatory activity of extracts/fractions/sub-fractions/compounds (10, 25, and 50 µg/ml) was evaluated by estimating the levels of nitric oxide (NO), TNF-α, and IL-1β after 24 h of LPS induction (1 μg/ml). The isolated active compound was subjected to NMR, IR, and UV analyses for structure determination. RESULTS In an attempt to search for anti-inflammatory constituents, the active pure principle was isolated and crystallized as a white compound from Delonix elata flowers methanol extract. This active compound (50 µg/ml) decreased the release of inflammatory mediators levels such as NO (0.263 ± 0.03 µM), TNFα (160.20 ± 17.57 pg/ml), and IL-1β (285.79 ± 15.16 pg/ml) significantly (p < 0.05); when compared to the levels of NO (0.774 ± 0.08 µM), TNFα (501.71 ± 25.14 pg/ml), and IL-1β (712.68 ± 52.25 pg/ml) from LPS-stimulated macrophage cells. The active compound was confirmed as hesperidin with NMR, IR, and UV spectroscopy data. This is the first report of this compound from Delonix elata flowers. CONCLUSION The findings of the study support the traditional use of Delonix elata flowers to treat inflammation.
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Barani A, Rahumathulla P, Rajendran R, Kumarasamy P, Ganapathi P, Radha P. Molecular characterization of Pulikulam cattle using microsatellite markers. INDIAN J ANIM RES 2015. [DOI: 10.5958/0976-0555.2015.00007.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Lakshmi T, Krishnan V, Rajendran R, Madhusudhanan N. Azadirachta indica: A herbal panacea in dentistry - An update. Pharmacogn Rev 2015; 9:41-4. [PMID: 26009692 PMCID: PMC4441161 DOI: 10.4103/0973-7847.156337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Azadirachta indica commonly known as Neem, is an evergreen tree. Since time immemorial it has been used by Indian people for treatment of various diseases due to its medicinal properties. It possesses anti-bacterial, anti-cariogenic, anti-helminthic, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, astringent, anti-viral, cytotoxic, and anti-inflammatory activity. Nimbidin, Azadirachtin and nimbinin are active compounds present in Neem which are responsible for antibacterial activity. Neem bark is used as an active ingredient in a number of toothpastes and toothpowders. Neem bark has anti-bacterial properties, it is quite useful in dentistry for curing gingival problems and maintaining oral health in a natural way. Neem twigs are used as oral deodorant, toothache reliever and for cleaning of teeth. The objective of this article is to focus on the various aspects of Azadirachta indica in dentistry in order to provide a tool for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Lakshmi
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Velappanchavadi, Chennai, India
| | - Vidya Krishnan
- Department of Oral Medicine, SRM Dental College, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Rajendran
- Green Chem Herbal Extracts and Formulations, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - N. Madhusudhanan
- Department of Pharmacology, Sathyabama Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Jeichitra V, Rajendran R, Karunanithi K, Rahumathulla P. Comparison of three methods for estimating breeding values of Mecheri rams for body weights. INDIAN J ANIM RES 2015. [DOI: 10.5958/0976-0555.2015.00037.0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Ranjini C, Kasukurthi L, Madhumati B, Rajendran R. Prevalence of multidrug resistance and extended spectrum beta-lactamases among uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates in a tertiary care hospital in South India: An alarming trend. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4103/2225-6482.153861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Prabhavathi P, Rajendran R, Karthiksundaram S, Pattabi S, Dinesh Kumar S, Santhanam P. Enhanced bioremediation efficiency of denim industrial effluent using bacterial biofilm onto polyurethane matrix (review). APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683814060131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Rajendran R, Rayman G. Serious harm from inpatient hypoglycaemia: a survey of hospitals in the UK. Diabet Med 2014; 31:1218-21. [PMID: 24702036 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM To estimate the incidence of serious harm to inpatients with diabetes from hypoglycaemia. METHOD An anonymised questionnaire was e-mailed to lead organisers at the 142 acute NHS Trusts that contributed to the National Diabetes Inpatient Audit 2012. Each diabetes team was asked collectively to recall and report any serious adverse events from inpatient hypoglycaemia in the previous year. A total of 83 Trusts agreed to participate. Serious harm was defined as death, a cardiac or cerebral event or a fall resulting in permanent physical injury or fracture. RESULTS A total of 41 Trusts returned the survey. Of these, only 28 (68.3%) were confident that robust methods existed in their Trust to ensure all such events were reported, and only 23 (56.1%) were confident that all such events were reported to the diabetes team. Despite these reporting concerns, the retrospective nature of the survey and the reliance on recall, 12 serious adverse events were reported from nine trusts: three deaths; two cases of permanent cerebral damage; two successfully resuscitated cardiac arrests; three seizures; and two undefined events. Insulin therapy was implicated in 10 events. Importantly, three events with two deaths occurred in patients who had received insulin/dextrose to correct hyperkalaemia; only one of whom had diabetes. CONCLUSIONS An alarming number of serious adverse events was reported: 12 serious adverse events with three deaths over a 1-year period in 41 Trusts. This may be the tip of the iceberg, considering the potential under-reporting. Robust reporting mechanisms are required to determine the full extent of this serious preventable harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rajendran
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, The Ipswich Hospital NHS Trust, Ipswich, UK
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Rajendran R, Rajagopal R. Implication of Knowledge Transfer on Task Performance in ERP System Usage. International Journal of Enterprise Information Systems 2014. [DOI: 10.4018/ijeis.2014100103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The level of success of Information Systems (IS) implemented in various organizations depends on several factors and is better measured through process metrics than project metrics. It is believed that innovative and increased use of the system (deep structure usage) and learning lead to internalization of knowledge. This in turn ensures that IS continuance (post implementation system usage) becomes more dynamic and effective contributing to enhancement in task performance resulting in better business value. A theoretical framework has been proposed based on previous theories and observations from a case study. An approach of mixed method research using multiple case studies and an empirical survey in the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) domain has been used to validate a conceptual model. The findings use meta-inference to offer a new dimension in the area of system usage and learning which could be useful to IS practitioners and researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Rajendran
- Sri Ramakrishna Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, India
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Lakshmi T, Rajendran R, Raghavan V, Silvester A. HPTLC Fingerprinting Method to Distinguish Total Extract of Caralluma fimbriata from the Modified Extracts of Caralluma fimbriata. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.13005/bbra/1338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Sunish IP, Kalimuthu M, Rajendran R, Munirathinam A, Ashok Kumar V, Nagaraj J, Tyagi BK. Decline in lymphatic filariasis transmission with annual mass drug administration using DEC with and without albendazole over a 10year period in India. Parasitol Int 2014; 64:1-4. [PMID: 25205435 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The National Programme for the Elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis is underway in the endemic districts of Tamil Nadu State, South India, since 2001. Annual mass drug administration (MDA) was carried out by the state health department to all eligible individuals. The impact of MDAs on transmission parameters was evaluated in 2 revenue blocks, viz, one with DEC alone and the other with a combination of albendazole. After 10 years with 6 annual MDAs, the transmission indices reached low levels in both treatment arms, but still persisted. However, the DEC alone arm showed higher transmission rates, compared to the DEC+ALB arm. Few villages which demonstrated persistent transmission need to be targeted with an additional control measure viz, vector control, to achieve LF elimination. It is evident from the 10 year period of the study that inclusion of albendazole along with DEC has significantly reduced the transmission indices to almost nil level, as compared to DEC alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- I P Sunish
- Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), Field Unit, Perka Village, Car Nicobar, Andaman & Nicobar Islands744 301, India.
| | - M Kalimuthu
- Centre for Research in Medical Entomology (ICMR), No.4 Sarojini Street, Chinna Chokkikulam, Madurai 625 002, India
| | - R Rajendran
- Centre for Research in Medical Entomology (ICMR), No.4 Sarojini Street, Chinna Chokkikulam, Madurai 625 002, India
| | - A Munirathinam
- Centre for Research in Medical Entomology (ICMR), No.4 Sarojini Street, Chinna Chokkikulam, Madurai 625 002, India
| | - V Ashok Kumar
- Centre for Research in Medical Entomology (ICMR), No.4 Sarojini Street, Chinna Chokkikulam, Madurai 625 002, India
| | - J Nagaraj
- Centre for Research in Medical Entomology (ICMR), No.4 Sarojini Street, Chinna Chokkikulam, Madurai 625 002, India
| | - B K Tyagi
- Centre for Research in Medical Entomology (ICMR), No.4 Sarojini Street, Chinna Chokkikulam, Madurai 625 002, India.
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Anbarasan K, Rajendran R, Sivalingam D, Chidambaram A. Studies on the Effect of EMS and Colchicine in M<sub>1</sub> Generation of Sesame (<i>Sesamum indicum</i> L.) Var. TMV3. ILNS 2014. [DOI: 10.56431/p-81wt4h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Seeds of sesame (Sesamum indicum L), genotypeTMV3 were treated with various concentrations of EMS and Colchicine like 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8 and 2.0 % and the LD50 values observed at 1.0 % of EMS and 0.6 % of Colchicine. Based on their LD50 values appreciable concentrations only selected for further study and their effects on various morphological characters such as plant height per plant, number of branches per plant, number of leaves per plant, days to first flowering, number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule and seed yield per plant (g) were measured quantitatively and the results showed that all the characters were consequently or significantly reduced when compared to control and also EMS showed more effective than colchicine.
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Abstract
Seeds of sesame (Sesamum indicum L), genotypeTMV3 were treated with various concentrations of EMS and Colchicine like 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8 and 2.0 % and the LD50 values observed at 1.0 % of EMS and 0.6 % of Colchicine. Based on their LD50 values appreciable concentrations only selected for further study and their effects on various morphological characters such as plant height per plant, number of branches per plant, number of leaves per plant, days to first flowering, number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule and seed yield per plant (g) were measured quantitatively and the results showed that all the characters were consequently or significantly reduced when compared to control and also EMS showed more effective than colchicine.
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Rajesh EM, Shamili K, Rajendran R, Elango M, Shankar SRM. Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles of Iron Oxide: Synthesis and Characterization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1166/asem.2014.1503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Sudhakara G, Mallaiah P, Sreenivasulu N, Sasi Bhusana Rao B, Rajendran R, Saralakumari D. Beneficial effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of Caralluma fimbriata against high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance and oxidative stress in Wistar male rats. J Physiol Biochem 2014; 70:311-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s13105-013-0304-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Rajendran R, Elsalam H, Hegab S, Mukttash G. Multiple jejunoileal and colonic atresias: Case report and review of literature. Saudi Surg J 2014; 2:66. [DOI: 10.4103/2320-3846.140697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Chandrasekar S, Vijayakumar S, Rajendran R. Application of chitosan and herbal nanocomposites to develop antibacterial medical textile. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomag.2013.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Jayanthy V, Geetha R, Rajendran R, Prabhavathi P, Karthik Sundaram S, Dinesh Kumar S, Santhanam P. Phytoremediation of dye contaminated soil by Leucaena leucocephala (subabul) seed and growth assessment of Vigna radiata in the remediated soil. Saudi J Biol Sci 2013; 21:324-33. [PMID: 25183943 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Revised: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was investigated for soil bioremediation through sababul plant biomass (Leucaena leucocephala). The soil contaminated with textile effluent was collected from Erode (chithode) area. Various physico-chemical characterizations like N, P, and K and electrical conductivity were assessed on both control and dye contaminated soils before and after remediation. Sababul (L. leucocephala) powder used as plant biomass for remediation was a tool for textile dye removal using basic synthetic dyes by column packing and eluting. The concentration of the dye eluted was compared with its original concentration of dye and were analyzed by using UV-vis spectrophotometer. Sababul plant biomass was analyzed for its physico-chemical properties and active compounds were detected by GC-MS, HPTLC and FTIR. Plant growth was assessed with green gram on the textile contaminated soil and sababul had the potential of adsorbing the dye as the contaminated soil and also check the growth of green gram.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Jayanthy
- Department of Biotechnology, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Geetha
- Department of Biotechnology, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Rajendran
- Department of Microbiology, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Prabhavathi
- Department of Microbiology, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Karthik Sundaram
- Department of Microbiology, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Dinesh Kumar
- Marine Planktonology & Aquaculture Lab., Department of Marine Science, School of Marine Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Santhanam
- Marine Planktonology & Aquaculture Lab., Department of Marine Science, School of Marine Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
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Thangaratham PS, Rajendran R, Paramasivan R, Tewari SC, Dhananjeyan KJ, Tyagi BK. Clinical spectrum during dengue haemorrhagic fever epidemics in Tirupur (India). J Vector Borne Dis 2013; 50:311-313. [PMID: 24499856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - B K Tyagi
- Centre for Research in Medical Entomology (ICMR), Madurai, India
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Venkatrajah B, Malathy VV, Elayarajah B, Rajendran R, Rammohan R. Synthesis of carboxymethyl chitosan and coating on wound dressing gauze for wound healing. Pak J Biol Sci 2013; 16:1438-1448. [PMID: 24511685 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2013.1438.1448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is a long and complex process. To improve wound healing, the wound dressing cotton gauze can be functionalized by imparting moisture holding and antibacterial ability. Moisture is an important factor for wound healing and the absence of microbial intervention can accelerate wound healing process. Direct alkylation method was used to synthesis carboxymethylated chitosan with water solubility, biocompatibility and antibacterial activity. Calcium alginate was used along with modified chitosan as moisture gaining polymeric agent. Pad-dry-cure method was employed to coat both the polymers on cotton gauze surface, which was weaved using 40s Ne cotton yarn. After coating, the cotton was analysed for its polymer add-on percentage, antibacterial action against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 and Escherichia coli ATCC 10229. The persistence analysis of antibacterial activity ensures the polymer withstanding ability on cotton gauze surface. SEM detection of polymers with cotton threads confirms their presence. Wound healing action of the polymer coated cotton gauze was determined using albino rats as animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Venkatrajah
- Department of Microbiology and Bioinformatics, CMS College of Science and Commerce, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Vanitha Malathy
- Department of Zoology, Kunthavai Nachiar Government College for Women, Tanjore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B Elayarajah
- Department of Microbiology and Bioinformatics, CMS College of Science and Commerce, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Rajendran
- Department of Microbiology, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ram Rammohan
- Department of Microbiology and Bioinformatics, CMS College of Science and Commerce, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Abstract
Injection site abscess is an iatrogenic infection. Intramuscular (IM) injection is a common route to administer medication. Microorganisms known to cause injection site abscess are Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, Escherichia coli commonly, Atypical mycobacteria, Clostridium species rarely. Gas gangrene is a necrotic infection of soft tissue with high mortality, often necessitating amputation in order to control the infection. Here, presenting a case of gas gangrene in a 19-year-old healthy male, who developed a life-threatening infection after IM injection of sodium diclofenac. Prompt clinical diagnosis, laboratory support, and timely surgical intervention saved the patient's life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemavathi Sathyanarayana
- Department of Microbiology, Sapthagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Bangalore, India
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Rajendran R, Sukumaran A. Editorial. Oral submucous fibrosis: revised hypotheses as to its cause. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013; 14:i-iii. [PMID: 24685814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Oral submucous fbrosis (OSF), being a prototype of pathological fbrosis, remains enigmatic as regards its causation. The connective tissue production is permanent and there is no reversal of the condition even after cessation of the habit of areca-nut usage; prime suspect in its causation.(1) The bulk of the connective tissue consists of type-1 collagen(2) and its formation does not appears to be caused by excessive proliferation of fbroblasts.(3) The effect of areca nut extract on in vitro fbroblasts varies on a concentration gradient, predominantly suppressing rather than stimulating the growth of the cells.(4) Based on morphological characteristics, the fbroblast population in the diseased mucosa has been classifed in to types F1, F2 and F3 with F3 cells producing signifcantly more collagen than the other two cell types. It was concluded that a change of fbroblast population has occurred in OSF and that this relative increase of F3 cells in humans, could be committed to the production of large quantities of collagen formation in OSF. It has been proposed that fbroblasts are functionally heterogeneous, the composition of any given normal or diseased connective tissue being a consequence in part of its particular mixture of fbroblast subtypes and density. Subtype deletion or amplifcation can result from selective cytotoxic or mitogenic responses induced by the binding environmental ligands.(5) Against this backdrop, we propose few de-novo attributes, hitherto unreported, and seem to be of relevance in the pathogenesis of OSF; namely the role of autophagy in basic cellular homeostatic process, important to cell fate decisions under conditions of stress and also ECM producing cells (fbroblasts, myofbroblasts and smooth muscle cells) derived from epithelial and endothelial cells through process termed epithelial and endothelial-mesenchymal transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rajendran
- MDS, PhD, FRCPath, Professor, College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, e-mail:
| | - Anil Sukumaran
- BDS, MDS, PhD, FDS RCPS (Glas), Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry College of Dentistry, King Saud University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Rajendran R, Abu E, Fadl A, Byrne CD. Late effects of childhood cancer treatment: severe hypertriglyceridaemia, central obesity, non alcoholic fatty liver disease and diabetes as complications of childhood total body irradiation. Diabet Med 2013; 30:e239-42. [PMID: 23692373 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood cancer survivors may develop a number of endocrine complications linked to organ failure, such as hypogonadism, diabetes and growth hormone deficiency. However, increasing evidence now suggests that total body irradiation treatment, specifically, is linked with future risk of insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis and dyslipidaemia, possibly because total body irradiation affects adipocyte differentiation and impairs subcutaneous adipose tissue depot expansion during times of positive energy balance. CASE REPORT We describe a 20-year-old woman who developed pancreatitis with severe hypertriglyceridaemia (serum triglycerides > 300 mmol/l) that required plasmapheresis. She had received total body irradiation prior to her bone marrow transplant at age 6 years for relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. She developed ovarian failure at age 12 years. At age 15 years she was noted to have hyperglycaemia, increased blood pressure, hepatic steatosis and mild hypertriglyceridaemia. She presented with severe hypertriglyceridaemia and eruptive xanthoma, and developed pancreatitis 12 h after admission. She was treated with plasmapheresis and intravenous insulin and made an excellent recovery. We implicate and discuss total body irradiation as the major contributing factor to her severe hypertriglyceridaemia, compounded by worsening glycaemic control, oestrogen deficiency and a changing adult lifestyle. CONCLUSION Children who have received total body irradiation are at risk of diabetes and an exaggerated form of the metabolic syndrome with hypertriglyceridaemia, which can be life-threatening. We suggest that survivors of total body irradiation treatment require careful lifelong monitoring of their metabolic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rajendran
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Southampton General Hospital, University Hospitals of Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.
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Chandramohan SM, Anbalagan A, Madhusudhanan J, Rajendran R. P-191ASSESSMENT OF QUALITY OF LIFE IN RELATION TO THE TYPE OF RECONSTRUCTION IN COMPLEX CORROSIVE STRICTURES OF UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivt288.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Rajalakshmi V, Rajendran R, Radhai R. OA02.12. Poly herbal ayurvedic formulation for the development of anti‑miliaria cotton fabrics. Anc Sci Life 2013. [PMCID: PMC4147486 DOI: 10.4103/0257-7941.123832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Miliaria is also known as Sweat rash or Prickly heat, common aliment of the eccrine sweat glands that often occurs in conditions of increased heat and humidity. It is especially prevalent in babies and infants. Miliaria crystalline is the one which cause multiple tiny blisters resulting in rapidly evolving noninflammatory vesicles. The present study was mainly carried out to explore the use of herbal plants primarily Neem (Azadirachta indica) and Mint (Mentha arvensis) leaves for the development of AntiMiliaria cotton fabrics using AATCC methods. Method: Methanolic extracts of the poly herb were prepared. Microorganisms were isolated, microbiologic and histological features of the samples were evaluated. The preliminary antimicrobial activity of different extracts was performed by agar well diffusion method. The phytochemical analysis of the extracts was evaluated using standard procedures. After evaluation, the crude poly herbal extracts were coated on to the cotton fabrics using pad dry cure method. The antimicrobial assessment of poly herb treated cotton fabrics assessed using AATCC standard methods. Result: The organisms isolated from the Miliaria samples are Staphylococcus epidermis. The preliminary results showed that Neem (Azadirachta indica) and mint (Mentha arvensis) leaves having better antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermis. The Poly herbal treated fabrics were further characterized chemically. The Antimicrobial assessment of poly herb treated cotton fabrics showed increased antimicrobial activity than control fabric. It showed 100% bacterial reduction in poly herb treated fabrics until 10 washes. Conclusion: The use of medicinal plants is a worldwide phenomenon. Every part of the world prefers medicinal herbs to treat disease than commercially available antibiotics. Further in vivo studies will help to understand the mechanism of action of antimicrobial fabrics on the Miliaria infection.
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