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Wagal OS, Joshi AJ, Joshi UJ, Bhojwani HR, Begwani KV, Dawne HA, Gude RP, Sathaye SS, Kanchan DM. Studies in molecular modeling, in-vitro CDK2 inhibition and antimetastatic activity of some synthetic flavones. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) 2021; 26:664-681. [PMID: 33049687 DOI: 10.2741/4911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Naturally occurring flavonoids have been shown to possess anticancer activity. We have previously shown that certain synthetic flavonoids also exert significant antiproliferative potential in MOLT-4, MCF-7, and HepG2 cell lines. To this end, we evaluated eight synthetic flavones for their CDK2 binding by molecular docking. Most flavones showed interaction with Leu 83. Based on docking and antiproliferative activity, we chose 3'-nitroflavone and 3', 5'-dimethoxyflavone for the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and CDK2 inhibition studies. MD simulation studies confirmed interactions with CDK2 (as observed in docking). Furthermore, the inhibitory activities of CDK2/cyclin A2 enzyme for 3'-nitroflavone and 3', 5'-dimethoxyflavone were found to be 6.17 and 7.19 �M, respectively. 3'-nitroflavone and 3', 5'-dimethoxyflavone displayed moderate activity in colony formation assay, wound-scratch assay, and Leighton tube studies. Based on these data, the synthesized flavones might have clinical potential as potential inhibitors of CDK2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ojas S Wagal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Principal K. M. Kundnani College of Pharmacy, Cuffe-Parade, Mumbai 400 005, Maharashtra, India
| | - Akshada J Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Principal K. M. Kundnani College of Pharmacy, Cuffe-Parade, Mumbai 400 005, Maharashtra, India
| | - Urmila J Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Principal K. M. Kundnani College of Pharmacy, Cuffe-Parade, Mumbai 400 005, Maharashtra, India,
| | - Heena R Bhojwani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Principal K. M. Kundnani College of Pharmacy, Cuffe-Parade, Mumbai 400 005, Maharashtra, India
| | - Khushboo V Begwani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Principal K. M. Kundnani College of Pharmacy, Cuffe-Parade, Mumbai 400 005, Maharashtra, India
| | - Harshank A Dawne
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Principal K. M. Kundnani College of Pharmacy, Cuffe-Parade, Mumbai 400 005, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rajiv P Gude
- Gude Lab, Cancer Research Institute, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410 210, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sadhana S Sathaye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai - 400019, Maharashtra, India
| | - Divya M Kanchan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai - 400019, Maharashtra, India
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Abstract
Studies on mice bearing P388 adriamycin sensitive and resistant lymphocytic leukemia were carried out to compare antitumor activity of adriamycin dissolved in Tween 80 (10 % in distilled water) with that of adriamycin dissolved in distilled water alone. The antitumor activity of adriamycin dissolved in acqueous solutions of Tween 80 was higher than that of adriamycin dissolved in distilled water against P388 leukemia sensitive to adriamycin. However, no change in the activity was observed in P388 leukemia resistant to adriamycin when the drug was administered either in acqueous solution of Tween 80 or in distilled water alone.
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Jain DS, Bajaj AN, Athawale RB, Shikhande SS, Pandey A, Goel PN, Gude RP, Patil S, Raut P. Thermosensitive PLA based nanodispersion for targeting brain tumor via intranasal route. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2016; 63:411-21. [PMID: 27040235 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Delivery of drugs to the brain via nasal route has been studied by many researchers. However, low residence time, mucociliary clearance and enzymatically active environment of nasal cavity pose many challenges to successful nasal delivery of drugs. We aim to deliver methotrexate by designing thermosensitive nanodispersion exhibiting enhanced residence time in nasal cavity and bypassing the blood brain barrier (BBB). PLA nanoparticles were developed using solvent evaporation technique. The developed nanoparticles were further dispersed in prepared thermosensitive vehicle of poloxamer 188 and Carbopol 934 to impart the property of increased residence time. The formulated nanoparticles demonstrated no interaction with the simulated nasal fluids (SNF), mucin, serum proteins and erythrocytes which demonstrate the safety of developed formulation for nasal administration. The penetration property of nanoparticles though the nasal mucosa was higher than the pure drug due to low mucociliary clearance. The developed nanoparticles diffused though the membrane pores and rapidly distributed into the brain portions compared to the pure drug. There was detectable and quantifiable amount of drug seen in the brain as demonstrated by in vivo brain distribution studies with considerably low amount of drug deposition in the lungs. The pharmacokinetic parameters demonstrated the enhancement in circulation half life, area under curve (AUC) and Cmax of the drug when administered intranasal in encapsulated form. Thus, the thermosensitive nanodispersions are surely promising delivery systems for delivering anticancer agents though the nasal route for potential treatment of brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darshana S Jain
- C.U. Shah College of Pharmacy, S.N.D.T Women's University, Juhu Tara Road, Santacruz (West), Mumbai 400 049, India.
| | - Amrita N Bajaj
- C.U. Shah College of Pharmacy, S.N.D.T Women's University, Juhu Tara Road, Santacruz (West), Mumbai 400 049, India
| | - Rajani B Athawale
- C.U. Shah College of Pharmacy, S.N.D.T Women's University, Juhu Tara Road, Santacruz (West), Mumbai 400 049, India.
| | - Shruti S Shikhande
- C.U. Shah College of Pharmacy, S.N.D.T Women's University, Juhu Tara Road, Santacruz (West), Mumbai 400 049, India
| | - Abhijeet Pandey
- H. R Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Peeyush N Goel
- Gude Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410 210, India
| | - Rajiv P Gude
- Gude Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410 210, India
| | | | - Preeti Raut
- Cipla Pvt. Ltd., Vikhroli (West), Mumbai, India
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Chaudhari AD, Gude RP, Kalraiya RD, Chiplunkar SV. Endogenous galectin-3 expression levels modulate immune responses in galectin-3 transgenic mice. Mol Immunol 2015; 68:300-11. [PMID: 26442663 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 09/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Galectin-3 (Gal-3), a β-galactoside-binding mammalian lectin, is involved in cancer progression and metastasis. However, there is an unmet need to identify the underlying mechanisms of cancer metastasis mediated by endogenous host galectin-3. Galectin-3 is also known to be an important regulator of immune responses. The present study was aimed at analysing how expression of endogenous galectin-3 regulates host immunity and lung metastasis in B16F10 murine melanoma model. Transgenic Gal-3(+/-) (hemizygous) and Gal-3(-/-) (null) mice exhibited decreased levels of Natural Killer (NK) cells and lower NK mediated cytotoxicity against YAC-1 tumor targets, compared to Gal-3(+/+) (wild-type) mice. On stimulation, Gal-3(+/-) and Gal-3(-/-) mice splenocytes showed increased T cell proliferation than Gal-3(+/+) mice. Intracellular calcium flux was found to be lower in activated T cells of Gal-3(-/-) mice as compared to T cells from Gal-3(+/+) and Gal-3(+/-) mice. In Gal-3(-/-) mice, serum Th1, Th2 and Th17 cytokine levels were found to be lowest, exhibiting dysregulation of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines balance. Marked decrease in serum IFN-γ levels and splenic IFN-γR1 (IFN-γ Receptor 1) expressing T and NK cell percentages were observed in Gal-3(-/-) mice. On recombinant IFN-γ treatment of splenocytes in vitro, Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS) 1 and SOCS3 protein expression was higher in Gal-3(-/-) mice compared to that in Gal-3(+/+) and Gal-3(+/-) mice; suggesting possible attenuation of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) 1 mediated IFN-γ signaling in Gal-3(-/-) mice. The ability of B16F10 melanoma cells to form metastatic colonies in the lungs of Gal-3(+/+) and Gal-3(-/-) mice remained comparable, whereas it was found to be reduced in Gal-3(+/-) mice. Our data indicates that complete absence of endogenous host galectin-3 facilitates lung metastasis of B16F10 cells in mice, which may be contributed by dysregulated immune responses resulting from decreased NK cytotoxicity, disturbed serum Th1, Th2, Th17 cytokine milieu, reduced serum IFN-γ levels and attenuation of splenic STAT1 mediated IFN-γ signalling in Gal-3(-/-) mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna D Chaudhari
- Chiplunkar Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Sector 22, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rajiv P Gude
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Sector 22, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rajiv D Kalraiya
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Sector 22, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shubhada V Chiplunkar
- Chiplunkar Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Sector 22, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, Maharashtra, India.
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Agarwal AK, Srinivasan N, Godbole R, More SK, Budnar S, Gude RP, Kalraiya RD. Role of tumor cell surface lysosome-associated membrane protein-1 (LAMP1) and its associated carbohydrates in lung metastasis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2015; 141:1563-74. [PMID: 25614122 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-015-1917-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Expression of lysosome-associated membrane protein-1 (LAMP1) on the surface correlates with metastatic potential of B16 melanoma cells. Downregulation of their expression in high metastatic (B16F10) cells reduced their surface expression and metastatic potential. Present investigations explore if overexpression of LAMP1 on the surface of low metastatic (B16F1) cells augment their metastatic ability, and if so, how? METHODS B16F1 cells were transduced with lentiviral vector carrying mutant-LAMP1 (Y386A) (mutLAMP1). Surface expression of LAMP1 and carbohydrates was analyzed by flow cytometry, immunofluorescence and/or immunoprecipitation and Western blotting. Cell spreading and motility were assessed on components of extracellular matrix (ECM) (fibronectin) and basement membrane (BM) (matrigel), and galectin-3-coated coverslips/plates. Metastatic potential was assessed using experimental metastasis assay. RESULTS Pre-incubation with anti-LAMP1 antibodies significantly reduced lung metastasis of B16F10 cells. Overexpression of mutLAMP1 significantly increased its surface expression on B16F1 cells, resulting in increased cellular spreading and motility on fibronectin and matrigel. LAMP1 is the major carrier of poly-N-acetyllactosamine (polyLacNAc) on B16F10 cells. However, significantly higher expression of mutLAMP1 had no effect on galectin-3 binding on cell surface or on spreading or motility of cells on galectin-3-coated coverslips/plates. These cells also failed to show any gain in metastatic ability. This could be because LAMP1 from these cells carried significantly lower levels of polyLacNAc in comparison with B16F10 cells. CONCLUSIONS PolyLacNAc on B16F10 cells and galectin-3 on lungs are the major participants in melanoma metastasis. Although surface LAMP1 promotes interactions with organ ECM and BM, carbohydrates on LAMP1 play a decisive role in dictating lung metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhil Kumar Agarwal
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Sector 22, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
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Shah SM, Ashtikar M, Jain AS, Makhija DT, Nikam Y, Gude RP, Steiniger F, Jagtap AA, Nagarsenker MS, Fahr A. LeciPlex, invasomes, and liposomes: A skin penetration study. Int J Pharm 2015; 490:391-403. [PMID: 26002568 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study compares three vesicular systems, cationic LeciPlex, invasomes, and conventional liposomes for their ability to deliver drugs deep into the skin. Skin penetration ability of the three vesicular systems was studied for two drugs namely idebenone (antioxidant/anticancer) and azelaic acid (antiacne). All systems showed sizes in nanometer range with small polydispersity indices. Vesicular systems were characterized by CryoTEM studies to understand the differences in morphology of the vesicular systems. Ex vivo human skin penetration studies suggested a pattern in penetration of drugs in different layers of the skin: LeciPlex showed higher penetration for idebenone whereas invasomes showed higher penetration of azelaic acid. Ex vivo study using a fluorescent dye (DiI) was performed to understand the differences in the penetration behavior of the three vesicular systems on excised human skin. In vitro cytotoxicity studies on B16F10 melanoma cell lines revealed, when loaded with idebenone, LeciPlex formulations had the superior activity followed by invasomes and liposomes. In vitro antimicrobial study of azelaic acid loaded systems on Propionibacterium acne revealed high antimicrobial activity for DDAB leciplex followed by almost equal activity for invasomes and CTAB LeciPlex followed by liposomes. Whereas antiacne efficacy study in rats for azelaic acid loaded systems, invasomes exhibited the best antiacne efficacy followed by liposomes and LeciPlex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanket M Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz (East), 400098 Mumbai, India
| | - Mukul Ashtikar
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Institut für Pharmazie, Lehrstuhl für Pharmazeutische Technologie, Lessingstraße 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ankitkumar S Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz (East), 400098 Mumbai, India
| | - Dinesh T Makhija
- Department of Pharmacology, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz (East), 400098 Mumbai, India
| | - Yuvraj Nikam
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Kharghar, 410210 Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Rajiv P Gude
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Kharghar, 410210 Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Frank Steiniger
- Elektronenmikroskopisches Zentrum, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Ziegelmühlenweg 1, D07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Aarti A Jagtap
- Department of Pharmacology, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz (East), 400098 Mumbai, India
| | - Mangal S Nagarsenker
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz (East), 400098 Mumbai, India.
| | - Alfred Fahr
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Institut für Pharmazie, Lehrstuhl für Pharmazeutische Technologie, Lessingstraße 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
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Jain AS, Makhija DT, Goel PN, Shah SM, Nikam Y, Gude RP, Jagtap AG, Nagarsenker MS. Docetaxel in cationic lipid nanocapsules for enhanced in vivo activity. Pharm Dev Technol 2014; 21:76-85. [PMID: 25329444 DOI: 10.3109/10837450.2014.971374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The usefulness of Docetaxel (DT) as an anti-cancer agent is limited to parenteral route owing to its very poor oral bioavailability. Thus, to improve its oral efficacy, DT was loaded in novel cationic lipid nanocapsules (DT CLNC). The DT CLNC possessed size of 130-150 nm, zeta potential of +72mV, adequate DT loading and over 95% encapsulation efficiency. TEM revealed capsular structure of DT CLNC. Lipolysis study indicated improved solubilization of DT by nanocapsules in comparison to DT solution. DT CLNC exhibited significantly higher release of DT in comparison to DT solution during in vitro permeation studies employing non-reverted rat-intestinal sac. Superior uptake of DT in zebra fishes exposed to DT CLNC resulted in greater apoptosis-based cell death as compared to those exposed to DT solution. This correlated well with the significantly superior (p < 0.05) anti-angiogenic activity of DT CLNC system over DT solution, in zebra fish model. DT CLNC also inhibited tumor growth in melanoma cell line induced tumors in C57BL/6 mice significantly, as compared to DT solution (p < 0.05). The DT CLNC system demonstrated adequate stability, with tremendous potential to improve oral efficacy of DT and can serve as an alternative to existing DT formulations available commercially for parenteral use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dinesh T Makhija
- b Department of Pharmacology Bombay College of Pharmacy , Mumbai , Maharashtra , India , and
| | - Peeyush N Goel
- c Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer (ACTREC) , Tata Memorial Centre , Navi Mumbai , Maharashtra , India
| | | | - Yuvraj Nikam
- c Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer (ACTREC) , Tata Memorial Centre , Navi Mumbai , Maharashtra , India
| | - Rajiv P Gude
- c Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer (ACTREC) , Tata Memorial Centre , Navi Mumbai , Maharashtra , India
| | - Aarti G Jagtap
- b Department of Pharmacology Bombay College of Pharmacy , Mumbai , Maharashtra , India , and
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Shah SM, Goel PN, Jain AS, Pathak PO, Padhye SG, Govindarajan S, Ghosh SS, Chaudhari PR, Gude RP, Gopal V, Nagarsenker MS. Liposomes for targeting hepatocellular carcinoma: use of conjugated arabinogalactan as targeting ligand. Int J Pharm 2014; 477:128-39. [PMID: 25311181 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Present study investigates the potential of chemically modified (Shah et al., 2013) palmitoylated arabinogalactan (PAG) in guiding liposomal delivery system and targeting asialoglycoprotein receptors (ASGPR) which are expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). PAG was incorporated in liposomes during preparation and doxorubicin hydrochloride was actively loaded in preformed liposomes with and without PAG. The liposomal systems with or without PAG were evaluated for in vitro release, in vitro cytotoxicity, in vitro cell uptake on ASGPR(+) cells, in vivo pharmacokinetic study, in vivo biodistribution study, and in vivo efficacy study in immunocompromised mice. The particle size for all the liposomal systems was below 200 nm with a negative zeta potential. Doxorubicin loaded PAG liposomes released significantly higher amount of doxorubicin at pH 5.5 as compared to pH 7.4, providing advantage for targeted tumor therapy. Doxorubicin in PAG liposomes showed superior cytotoxicity on ASGPR(+) HepG2 cells as compared to ASGPR(-), MCF7, A549, and HT29 cells. Superior uptake of doxorubicin loaded PAG liposomes as compared to doxorubicin loaded conventional liposomes was evident in confocal microscopy studies. Higher AUC in pharmacokinetic study and higher deposition in liver was observed for PAG liposomes compared to conventional liposomes. Significantly higher tumor suppression was noted in immunocompromised mice for mice treated with PAG liposomes as compared to the conventional liposomes. Targeting ability and superior activity of PAG liposomes is established pre-clinically suggesting potential of targeted delivery system for improved treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanket M Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz (E), Mumbai-400098, India
| | - Peeyush N Goel
- Tata Memorial Centre, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
| | - Ankitkumar S Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz (E), Mumbai-400098, India
| | - Pankaj O Pathak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz (E), Mumbai-400098, India
| | - Sameer G Padhye
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz (E), Mumbai-400098, India
| | - Srinath Govindarajan
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Sandipto S Ghosh
- Small Animal Imaging Facility (SAIF), Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Kharghar, Mumbai 410210, India
| | - Pradip R Chaudhari
- Small Animal Imaging Facility (SAIF), Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Kharghar, Mumbai 410210, India
| | - Rajiv P Gude
- Tata Memorial Centre, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
| | - Vijaya Gopal
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Mangal S Nagarsenker
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz (E), Mumbai-400098, India.
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Agarwal AK, Gude RP, Kalraiya RD. Regulation of melanoma metastasis to lungs by cell surface Lysosome Associated Membrane Protein-1 (LAMP1) via galectin-3. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 449:332-7. [PMID: 24845565 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lysosome Associated Membrane Protein-1 (LAMP1), which lines the lysosomes, is often found to be expressed on surface of metastatic cells. We previously demonstrated that its surface expression on B16 melanoma variants correlates with metastatic potential. To establish the role of cell surface LAMP1 in metastasis and to understand the possible mechanism by which it facilitates lung colonization, LAMP1 was downregulated in high metastatic B16F10 cells using shRNAs cloned in a doxycycline inducible vector. This also resulted in significantly decreased LAMP1 on the cell surface. Being a major carrier of poly-N-acetyllactosamine (polyLacNAc) substituted β1,6 branched N-oligosaccharides, the high affinity ligands for galectin-3, LAMP1 down regulation also resulted in appreciably decreased binding of galectin-3 to the cell surface. LAMP1 has been shown to bind to Extracellular Matrix (ECM), Basement Membrane (BM) components and also to galectin-3 (via carbohydrates) which is known to get incorporated into the ECM and BM. Although, LAMP1 downregulation had a marginal effect on cellular spreading and motility on fibronectin and matrigel, it significantly altered the same on galectin-3, and ultimately leading to notably reduced lung metastasis. The results thus for the first time provide direct evidence that cell surface LAMP1 facilitates lung metastasis by providing ligands for galectin-3 which has been shown to be expressed in highest amounts on lungs and constitutively on its vascular endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhil Kumar Agarwal
- Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Sector 22, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
| | - Rajiv P Gude
- Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Sector 22, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
| | - Rajiv D Kalraiya
- Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Sector 22, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India.
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Manjappa AS, Goel PN, Gude RP, Ramachandra Murthy RS. Anti-neuropilin 1 antibody Fab′ fragment conjugated liposomal docetaxel for active targeting of tumours. J Drug Target 2014; 22:698-711. [DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2014.910792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Jain AS, Goel PN, Shah SM, Dhawan VV, Nikam Y, Gude RP, Nagarsenker MS. Tamoxifen guided liposomes for targeting encapsulated anticancer agent to estrogen receptor positive breast cancer cells: in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Biomed Pharmacother 2014; 68:429-38. [PMID: 24721327 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2014.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tamoxifen (TMX), an estrogen receptor (ER) antagonist, incorporated at surface of liposomes loaded with Doxorubicin (DOX), was hypothesized to serve as ligand for targeting overexpressed ERs on surface and cytosol of breast cancer cells, in addition to its synergism with DOX in killing MCF-7 cells. The TMX-DOX liposomes demonstrated mean size of 188.8±2.2nm and positive potential of+47mV, both suitable for better cellular interaction. TMX-DOX liposomes sustained DOX release in vitro (25.9%) in pH 7.4 at 48h, in comparison with 64.5% DOX release at pH 5.5. In vitro cell line studies demonstrated that TMX-DOX liposomes were more cytotoxic to ER+ve MCF-7 cells as compared to DOX liposomes, DOX solution and TMX-DOX solution (P<0.05). However, there was no statistical difference in cyto-toxicity of TMX-DOX liposomes and DOX liposomes towards ER-ve MDA-MB-231 cells. Flow cytometry and confocal studies in MCF-7 cells revealed greater cell and nuclear uptake of DOX, with TMX guided liposomes as compared to DOX liposomes and DOX solution. TMX-DOX liposomes demonstrated significantly increased inhibition of MCF-7 cell based tumor growth in nude mice (P<0.05) in comparison to DOX solution and DOX liposomes, indicative of target specificity and higher DOX accumulation at tumor site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankitkumar S Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz (E), Mumbai 400098, India
| | - Peeyush N Goel
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
| | - Sanket M Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz (E), Mumbai 400098, India
| | - Vivek V Dhawan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz (E), Mumbai 400098, India
| | - Yuvraj Nikam
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
| | - Rajiv P Gude
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
| | - Mangal S Nagarsenker
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz (E), Mumbai 400098, India.
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Goel PN, Gude RP. Delineating the anti-metastatic potential of pentoxifylline in combination with liposomal doxorubicin against breast cancer cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2014; 68:191-200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2013.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Athawale RB, Jain DS, Singh KK, Gude RP. Etoposide loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for curtailing B16F10 melanoma colonization in lung. Biomed Pharmacother 2014; 68:231-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2014.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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14
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Goel PN, Gude RP. Pentoxifylline regulates the cellular adhesion and its allied receptors to extracellular matrix components in breast cancer cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2014; 68:93-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2013.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Jain DS, Athawale RB, Bajaj AN, Shrikhande SS, Goel PN, Nikam Y, Gude RP. Unraveling the cytotoxic potential of Temozolomide loaded into PLGA nanoparticles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 22:18. [PMID: 24410831 PMCID: PMC3896810 DOI: 10.1186/2008-2231-22-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Nanotechnology has received great attention since a decade for the treatment of different varieties of cancer. However, there is a limited data available on the cytotoxic potential of Temozolomide (TMZ) formulations. In the current research work, an attempt has been made to understand the anti-metastatic effect of the drug after loading into PLGA nanoparticles against C6 glioma cells. Nanoparticles were prepared using solvent diffusion method and were characterized for size and morphology. Diffusion of the drug from the nanoparticles was studied by dialysis method. The designed nanoparticles were also assessed for cellular uptake using confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. Results PLGA nanoparticles caused a sustained release of the drug and showed a higher cellular uptake. The drug formulations also affected the cellular proliferation and motility. Conclusion PLGA coated nanoparticles prolong the activity of the loaded drug while retaining the anti-metastatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rajani B Athawale
- Department of Pharmaceutics, C,U, Shah College of Pharmacy, SNDT Women's University, Juhu Tara Road, Santacruz (West), Mumbai 400 049, India.
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Jain AS, Shah SM, Nagarsenker MS, Nikam Y, Gude RP, Steiniger F, Thamm J, Fahr A. Lipid colloidal carriers for improvement of anticancer activity of orally delivered quercetin: formulation, characterization and establishing in vitro-in vivo advantage. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2013; 9:1230-40. [PMID: 23909137 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2013.1636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Novel lipid nanocarriers, GeluPearl (GP) comprising of Precirol ATO 5 lipid nanoparticles with (GPNLC) or without oil (GPSLN), loaded with Quercetin (QR), were successfully fabricated to improve therapeutic efficacy. QR loaded GP nanoparticles were optimized to yield adequate colloidal stability, mean particle size in range of 350-380 nm and entrapment efficiency of more than 90%. GPSLN and GPNLC were characterized for morphological evaluation by virtue of cryo-TEM, surface charge, protection offered to QR against alkali mediated degradation and fluorescence studies to evaluate QR-lipid interaction. DSC analysis was performed to get insight into physical state of QR loaded in nanosystems. The in vitro release studies demonstrated sustained drug release potential of QR loaded GP. In vitro lipolysis studies confirmed that lipidic nanocarriers can improve QR solubilization. QR loaded GP nanosystems significantly (P < 0.05) reduced flank tumor volumes in C57BL/6 mice over a 22 day study period compared to QR suspension. GPSLN significantly reduced lung colonization and enhanced antimetastatic activity (P < 0.05) of drug against B16F10 melanoma cells in C57BL/6 mice as compared to QR suspension. QR loaded GPSLN and GPNLC could be effectively lyophilized without much change in particle size and drug content using 15% w/v mannitol as cryoprotectant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankitkumar S Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz (East), Mumbai 400098, India
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Goel PN, Gude RP. Curbing the focal adhesion kinase and its associated signaling events by pentoxifylline in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 714:432-41. [PMID: 23872375 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Revised: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Pentoxifylline (PTX) is a methylxanthine derivative currently being used in the treatment of peripheral vascular diseases. Recently, we had evaluated its action in human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. PTX exhibited anti-metastatic activity by affecting key processes such as proliferation, adhesion, migration, invasion and apoptosis. In light of the preliminary findings, the present work accounts for the possible mechanistic insights of the pathways affected by PTX. Aberrant Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) signaling forms a key determinant in breast cancer and in view of this fact we had investigated downstream processes regulated by FAK. PTX at sub-toxic doses lowers the level of activated FAK, Extracellular Regulated Kinase or Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (ERK/MAPK), Protein Kinase B (PKB/Akt) affecting cellular proliferation and survival. It blocks G1/S phase of cell cycle by inhibiting the expression of Cyclin D1/Cdk6. Further, it modulates the activities of RhoGTPases and alters actin organization resulting in decreased motility. PTX also delays tumor growth and inhibited blood vessel formation in vivo. In purview of these findings, PTX surely qualifies as a suitable prospect in the intervention of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peeyush N Goel
- Gude Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India.
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Shenoy VS, Gude RP, Murthy RSR. In vitro anticancer evaluation of 5-fluorouracil lipid nanoparticles using B16F10 melanoma cell lines. Int Nano Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1186/2228-5326-3-36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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19
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Kamran MZ, Gude RP. Pentoxifylline inhibits melanoma tumor growth and angiogenesis by targeting STAT3 signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2013; 67:399-405. [PMID: 23639230 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2013.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pentoxifylline (PTX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, has been shown to have anti-metastatic or anti-angiogenic activity against many human cancers. However, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. In this study, we report that, PTX at sub-toxic doses can inhibit melanoma tumor growth and angiogenesis by targeting the STAT3 signaling pathway. Despite minimal cytotoxicity against normal cells, PTX suppressed phosphorylation and DNA binding of STAT3 in a dose-dependent manner. Also, PTX inhibited phosphorylation of the upstream kinases JAK1 and JAK2 and increased the expression of pSHP2 phosphatase. Expression of various STAT3 regulated gene products, such as cylinD1, CDK6, cMyc, BclXL, and VEGF was downregulated following PTX treatment. Tumor microenvironment favours tumor growth and metastasis. PTX alters tumor microenvironment by limiting IL-6 secretion and also by disrupting VEGF-VEGFR2 autocrine/paracrine signaling. PTX treatment significantly inhibited tumor growth and angiogenesis in intra-dermal xenograft mouse model in vivo without having any visible toxicity. These findings identified STAT3 signaling as a target of PTX and have thus, augmented its potential application in the treatment of melanoma and other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zahid Kamran
- Gude Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer-ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, Maharastra, India
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Jain D, Athawale R, Bajaj A, Shrikhande S, Goel PN, Gude RP. Studies on stabilization mechanism and stealth effect of poloxamer 188 onto PLGA nanoparticles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 109:59-67. [PMID: 23608470 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Revised: 03/17/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
In nanoparticulate engineering for drug delivery systems, poloxamers tri block copolymers are employed as adsorbing molecules to modify the aggregation state and impart stability to products. The aim was to prepare nanoparticles using poloxamer188 as stabiliser and investigate the mechanism of stabilisation of the prepared particles. Nanoparticles were prepared by solvent diffusion method with poloxamer 188 as stabiliser. Hydrodynamic thickness and zeta potential of the prepared nanoparticles were determined by photon correlation spectroscopy. To study the extent of adsorption of poloxamer onto the prepared nanoparticles, adsorption isotherms were constructed. The adsorbed amount of poloxamer 188 onto the particles was determined by depletion method. Macrophageal uptake study was performed to assess the uptake of the prepared nanoparticles using RAW 264.7 cell lines. Nanoparticles were prepared with slight increase in particle size and in absolute value of zeta potential compared to uncoated particles suggesting that this effect was due to adsorption of poloxamer 188. TEM studies and surface area analysis supported the results obtained from particle size analysis indicating preparation of particles with a thin layer of adsorbed poloxamer 188. Adsorption kinetics modeling suggested that at low concentrations (0.001-0.010 g/L), Langmuir monolayer equation fits quite well and at higher concentrations (above 0.010 g/L) multilayer adsorption of poloxamer 188 onto the prepared particles occurred. Thus the nanoparticles had multilayer of poloxamer 188 adsorbed onto the non uniform surface of PLGA. Results of macrophageal uptake and liver cell study exhibits adsorbed concentration dependent bypass of RES uptake of nanoparticles. Hence, results substantiate the application of adsorption isotherms for designing nanoparticles possessing potential to exhibit prolonged circulation when administered in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darshana Jain
- CU Shah College of Pharmacy, SNDT Women's University, Santacruz (West), Mumbai, India
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21
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Kamran MZ, Patil P, Shirsath K, Gude RP. Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor AG490 Inhibits the Proliferation and Migration and Disrupts Actin Organization of Cancer Cells. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 2013; 32:361-71. [DOI: 10.1615/jenvironpatholtoxicoloncol.2013010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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22
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Pande S, Sengupta A, Srivastava A, Gude RP, Ingle A. Re-evaluate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in cancer - a preclinical therapeutic small animal model study. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48432. [PMID: 23144880 PMCID: PMC3492351 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor hypoxia is a known driver of angiogenesis that also facilitates tumor growth. Moreover, poorly oxygenated central tumor area remains relatively radio or chemo resistant. HBO therapy is known to elevate the levels of dissolved oxygen and eliminates tumor hypoxia. It has been one of the modalities in cancer treatment; therefore its optimization is important. In this experimental study, no cancer enhancing effect was seen during the course of HBO therapy; however, post therapy there was an accelerated growth and progression of tumor. HBO treated mice lived shorter and the response to therapy was dose & tumor volume dependent. HBO therapy probably exert its effect on the cancer proliferating cells through multiple pathways such as increased DNA damage, apoptosis & geno-toxicity leading to slow cancer progression while post therapy tumorigenic effect could be due to impaired DNA repair mechanism, mutagenic effect & aneuploidy as well as altered blood supply & nutrients. Tumor growth reached plateau with time and this finding validated theoretical model predicting tumor reaching an asymptotic limit. While, marked asymmetry observed in tumor volume progression or cancer cell proliferation rate in each of the experimental C3H mouse suggested a need for an alternate small animal pre-clinical cancer therapeutic model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Pande
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer, TATA Memorial Centre, New Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amit Sengupta
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer, TATA Memorial Centre, New Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anurag Srivastava
- Department of Cancer Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajiv P. Gude
- Gude Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, TATA Memorial Centre, New Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Arvind Ingle
- Laboratory Animal Facilities, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, TATA Memorial Centre, New Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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23
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Kamran MZ, Gude RP. Preclinical evaluation of the antimetastatic efficacy of Pentoxifylline on A375 human melanoma cell line. Biomed Pharmacother 2012; 66:617-26. [PMID: 23089470 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2012.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most common malignant skin cancer, appears indestructible and is notoriously resistant to all current modalities of cancer treatment strategies. Pentoxifylline (PTX), a non-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor, has shown to have radiosensitizing properties for a variety of cancers. Recently, we have shown that PTX exhibits antimetastatic and anti-angiogenic activities in B16F10 melanoma cells in vitro as well as in vivo. In the present study, we have demonstrated the anticancer and antimetastatic potential of PTX against A375 human melanoma cell line at sub-toxic doses. The results implicate that PTX at sub-toxic doses exhibited an inhibitory effect on the ability of cellular proliferation as shown by MTT and colony formation assay. It impedes migration and also induces apoptosis. A375 cells pretreated with PTX showed decrease in adhesion to both Matrigel and Collagen type IV. Further, Gelatin zymography result reveals that PTX treatment decreases the secretion of MMP2 and MMP9. Finally, PTX significantly inhibited A375 subcutaneous tumour xenograft growth without having any toxicity. Thus PTX at sub-toxic doses affected melanoma metastasis at multiple steps in vitro as well as tumour growth in vivo. These data demonstrate its antimetastatic potential and provide preclinical evidence for the development of PTX as a potential agent against metastatic melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Zahid Kamran
- Gude lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
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Ratheesh A, Jain M, Gude RP. Antimetastatic Action of Pentoxifylline, a Methyl Xanthine Derivative, Through its Effect on PKC Mediated Integrin Transport in B16F10 Melanoma Cells. World J Oncol 2010; 1:194-203. [PMID: 29147206 PMCID: PMC5649797 DOI: 10.4021/wjon252e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Integrins are adhesion molecules known to regulate cellular processes like adhesion, migration and proliferation. At the same time role of integrin in progress of cancer metastasis is well established, increased integrin expression is reported to be linked to high metastasis potential of cells. Pentoxifylline a methyl xanthine derivative is a potent antimetastatic agent. Studies on the mechanism of inhibition of lung homing of B16F10 melanoma cells by PTX shows that it can inhibit cell- Extracellular Matrix adhesion, cell surface integrin expression as well as Protein kinase C activity. Previous study from our laboratory have shown PTX treatment can selectively inhibit the cell surface expression of α5 integrin in B16F10 cells without affecting its total cellular protein levels. Numerous studies have documented that differences in surface expression and distribution of integrins affects metastasis. The purpose of present study is to observe the effect of PTX on cellular distribution/ redistribution of integrins and to study the underlying molecular mechanism of PTX action. Methods Integrin internalization and transport was observed using immunofluorescence confocal microscopy. PKC activity was determined using MBP4-14 as a substrate. Immunoprecipitation and western blotting was used to show association between PKC and α5 integrin, cell adhesion assay was performed using fibronectin/fibrinogen as substrate. Results Immunofluorescence studies showed that PTX treatment caused a redistribution of α5 integrins from the plasma membrane to a perinuclear compartment where it colocalized with Transferrin receptor and Rab-11 GTPase. Rate of integrin internalization and recycling showed that PTX inhibited the recycling of α5 integrins from perinuclear recycling endosomes. PTX is reported to affect kinases; here we showed that PTX inhibited total PKC activity. Association between α5β1 integrin and PKC is studied using Immunoprecipitation which show that PTX affects α5β1 integrin associated PKC activity without affecting the levels of PKC. Studying the effect of delay in integrin recycling on cell functionality showed that it affects spreading of cells on fibronectin/fibrinogen. Conclusions Data in the present study shows that PTX interferes with PKC activity bringing about a change in integrin distribution, and there by affecting the functionality of the cell. And this may possibly serve as one of the mechanisms for antimetastatic action of PTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Ratheesh
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India-410210.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Meenakashi Jain
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India-410210.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Rajiv P Gude
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India-410210
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Abstract
Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) of paclitaxel using glyceryl palmitostearate (GPS) as matrix were prepared by modified hot homogenization method. The SLNs were characterized for mean particle size, percent entrapment efficiency, and zeta potential, which were found to be 207 nm, 96.26%, and -28.26 mV, respectively. Transmission electron microscopic studies revealed that the prepared SLNs were of spherical shape. Drug retarding efficiency of the lipid (GPS) was better in pH 7.4 compared with pH 3.5. The release profile showed tendency to follow Higuchi diffusion pattern in both the media. Chemosensitivity assay carried out using B16F10 cell lines showed that antiproliferative activity of paclitaxel was not hindered because of encapsulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram S Shenoy
- Centre for Post Graduate Studies and Research, New Drug Delivery Systems laboratory, Pharmacy Department, M S University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India. vikram.
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Jain M, Ratheesh A, Gude RP. Pentoxifylline Inhibits Integrin-Mediated Adherence of 12(S)-HETE and TNFα-Activated B16F10 Cells to Fibronectin and Endothelial Cells. Chemotherapy 2010; 56:82-8. [DOI: 10.1159/000298823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2009] [Accepted: 09/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Ratheesh A, Ingle A, Gude RP. Pentoxifylline modulates cell surface integrin expression and integrin mediated adhesion of B16F10 cells to extracellular matrix components. Cancer Biol Ther 2008; 6:1743-52. [PMID: 17986856 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.6.11.4833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies demonstrated that Pentoxifylline (PTX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, could inhibit the lung homing of B16-F10 melanoma cells in C57BL/6 mice. In this study we have looked at the effect of PTX on cell surface integrin expression and integrin mediated adhesion of B16-F10 melanoma cells. B16-F10 cells treated with PTX when injected through the tail vein of mice showed a 75% reduction in pulmonary nodules as compared to control untreated cells. PTX brought about a significant reduction in the integrin mediated adhesion of F10 cells to Fibronectin and Vitronectin (58.75% +/- 3.4 S.E and 60% +/- 1.7 S.E respectively if control was considered as 100%). This inhibition in adhesion was evident up to four hours only and treatment for 24 hours brought about an increase in adhesion (135.5% +/- 0.5 S.E). Flow cytometric analysis showed higher surface expressions of alphav, alpha5 and alphaIIb integrin subunits in B16-F10 as compared to the low metastatic cell line B16-F1 suggesting a role for these integrins in determining the metastatic potential. PTX brought about a significant decrease in the cell surface expression of alpha5, alphaIIb and beta1 integrin subunits but not that of the alphav subunit on B16-F10 cells. PTX also brought about a reduction in the total cellular protein levels of beta1 and alphav integrin subunits. Various isoforms of Protein Kinase C (PKC) has been shown to regulate integrin expression, localization and activity. Hence we looked at the effect of PTX on total cellular PKC activity. PTX brought about a significant reduction in total cellular PKC activity (82.66 +/- 0.593). Collectively our results indicate that the antimetastatic action of PTX is mediated, at least in part through its effects on adhesion and the surface expression of specific integrin receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Ratheesh
- Gude Lab, Cancer Research Institute, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research & Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India.
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Dua P, Gude RP. Pentoxifylline impedes migration in B16F10 melanoma by modulating Rho GTPase activity and actin organisation. Eur J Cancer 2008; 44:1587-95. [PMID: 18495474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2008.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2008] [Revised: 04/02/2008] [Accepted: 04/10/2008] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cell migration is a hallmark of metastatic cascade and compounds that can intervene in this process are clinically important. Pentoxifylline (PTX), a methyl xanthine derivative, inhibits B16F10 melanoma lung homing by inhibiting F10 invasion, MMP secretion and adhesion to matrix components. However, its effect on B16F10 migration remained unexamined, which we investigated in the present study. PTX significantly inhibits F10 migration in scratch wound assay. Elevation in cAMP levels inhibits F10 migration and PTX mediated inhibition of the process was found to be, in part, due to an increase in cellular cAMP levels. PTX induces Protein Kinase A (PKA) activity and PKA inhibitor partly reversed its effects on F10 motility. RhoA and Rac1 GTPases induce B16F10 motility and PTX was found to inhibit migration by affecting these molecules. Stress fibres and lamellipodial protrusions reduced significantly. This was accompanied with inhibition in RhoA and Rac1 membrane localisation. A stark inhibition in RhoA-GTP bound form was also observed. Taken together, the results indicate that PTX, through its phosphodiesterase action, inhibits RhoGTPases and associated actin organisation in B16F10 melanoma, thereby inhibiting cell motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Dua
- Gude Lab, Cancer Research Institute, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research & Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410 208, India
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Abstract
Rapid tumor growth and metastasis are 2 major problems associated with treatment of malignant melanoma. Therefore, drugs that can intervene these processes are of clinical importance. Pentoxifylline (PTX), a methyl xanthine derivative, has been shown to inhibit B16F10 melanoma tumor growth and metastasis. We hypothesized that suramin when combined with PTX enhances its antineoplastic effects, which we have examined using the B16F10 mouse melanoma model. Suramin in simultaneous or sequential combination potentiated the cytotoxic effects of PTX on B16F10 cells. PTX arrested cells in the G0-G1 phase and suramin augmented the effects. Both the drugs inhibited F10 adhesion to laminin, matrigel and collagen type IV and showed enhanced inhibition in combination The combination also demonstrated significantly higher inhibition in cell motility (p = 0.002) and invasion through matrigel (p = 0.005) as compared to the single agents. Suramin synergized with PTX in its effects on secretion of MMP-9 gelatinase. DBA2/J mice implanted with intradermal B16F10 tumor were used as a model to study tumor growth. Animals were intratumorally treated with 50 mg/kg of PTX, 10 mg/kg of suramin and their combinations. Simultaneous administration of the drugs inhibited tumor growth by 5- to 6-folds. Tumor growth was completely blocked in sequential regimen with regression in some cases. The number and size of metastatic nodules on lung was also reduced significantly by the combination treatment. In conclusion, the novel combination of PTX and suramin has synergistic antitumor and antimetastatic activity in B16F10 melanoma and may be a promising approach in treatment of patients suffering from malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Dua
- Gude Lab, Cancer Research Institute, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
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Dua P, Gude RP. Antiproliferative and Antiproteolytic activity of Pentoxifylline in cultures of B16F10 Melanoma cells. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2005; 58:195-202. [PMID: 16331498 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-005-0155-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2005] [Accepted: 11/08/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pentoxifylline (PTX), a methyl xanthine derivative is widely used as a haemorheological agent in the treatment of peripheral vascular disease. In the present study, we investigated the in vitro effects of PTX on B16F10 melanoma cell proliferation, adhesion and secretion of Matrix metalloproteinases. METHODS The toxic range of PTX was evaluated using MTT test and colony formation assay. The cell cycle study of PTX treated cells was carried out using flow cytometric analysis. Adhesion assay of pretreated melanoma cells was carried out on extracellular matrix (ECM) substrates. The relative levels and activity of matrix metalloprotienase-9 (MMP-9) and MMP-2 were determined by gelatin zymography and western blotting. RESULTS Pentoxifylline significantly inhibited the in vitro proliferation of B16F10 cells in a concentration dependent manner and displayed an IC(50) of 15.2 mM. Non-cytotoxic concentration of 1-3 mM of PTX for an exposure of 24 h demonstrated significant changes in cell morphology. A significant inhibition in G1-S phase transition was observed on PTX treatment. Pretreated F10 cells showed inhibition in adhesion to ECM components and markedly inhibited the secretion of MMP-9 and MMP-2 gelatinases. CONCLUSION The results suggest that PTX even at non-toxic pharmacological concentrations acts as an effective antiproliferative agent with significant antiproteolytic and antiadhesive effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Dua
- Department of Chemotherapy, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research & Education in Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Kharghar, 410208 Navi Mumbai, India.
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Sant VP, Nagarsenker MS, Rao SGA, Gude RP. Sterically stabilized etoposide liposomes: evaluation of antimetastatic activity and its potentiation by combination with sterically stabilized pentoxifylline liposomes in mice. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2004; 18:811-7. [PMID: 14629829 DOI: 10.1089/108497803770418355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytotoxic activity of chemotherapeutic agents can be enhanced by site-specific delivery or by combination with other less toxic agents. In the present study, enhancement in the antimetastatic activity of etoposide (ETP) by encapsulation in sterically stabilized liposomes was evaluated in the murine experimental B16F10 melanoma model. Further, potentiation of its antimetastatic activity by combination with pentoxifylline (PTX) solution or sterically stabilized PTX liposomes was evaluated in the same animal model. Upon intravenous administration, ETP solution and ETP liposomes inhibited pulmonary tumor nodule formation in a dose-dependent manner. Encapsulation of ETP in liposomes resulted in significant enhancement in its antimetastatic activity at doses of 0.5 mg/kg and 0.75 mg/kg as compared to ETP solution at similar doses. In combination therapy, the effect of sequence of administration of the drugs, ETP and PTX, was evaluated. Enhancement of antimetastatic activity of ETP solution when used in combination with PTX solution was effected by the sequence in which the solutions were administered. However, a combination of ETP liposomes and PTX liposomes led to potentiation of antimetastatic activity in a sequence-independent manner. The results indicate that antimetastatic activity of ETP is significantly enhanced by encapsulation in liposomes. Administration of ETP liposomes with PTX liposomes further potentiated the activity, suggesting the usefulness of this combination in clinical practice for reducing the dose-limiting toxic effects of ETP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinayak P Sant
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Mumbai, India
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Shukla V, Gude RP. Potentiation of antimetastatic activity of pentoxifylline in B16F10 and B16F1 melanoma cells through inhibition of glutathione content. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2004; 18:559-64. [PMID: 14503950 DOI: 10.1089/108497803322287637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this work is to evaluate the antioxidative activity of antimetastatic agent pentoxifylline (PTX) in B16F10 and B16F1 melanoma cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS B16F10 and B16F1 cell lines were treated with PTX with different doses at different time intervals. Reduced glutathione, glutathione-S-transferase, and lipid peroxides were estimated to evaluate the action of PTX. RESULTS The activity of pentoxifylline treatment showed glutathione depletion, increased glutathione-S-transferase activity with upregulation of lipid peroxidation in B16F10 and B16F1 melanoma cells. However, the effect on GSH, GST, and LPOs was dependent on dose concentrations and time intervals. CONCLUSIONS Pentoxifylline, an effective membrane modifier, showed significant depletion in glutathione level in conjunction with increased lipid peroxidation. The results suggested an antimetastatic property by PTX at a nontoxic dose in B16F10 and B16F1 melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Shukla
- Chemotherapy Division, Tata Memorial Centre, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer, Navi Mumbai, India
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Shukla V, Gude RP. Amelioration of B16F10 melanoma cells induced oxidative stress in DBA/2 mice by pentoxifylline. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2003; 22:407-10. [PMID: 14582699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
The constantly produced small amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are reduced by anti-oxidant enzymes and cellular scavengers. The oxidative stress developed by defect in ROS clearance can result in cell injury and may lead to carcinogenesis. Pentoxifylline is a methylxanthine derivative with rheologic and membrane modifier property. We have examined whether Pentoxifylline (PTX) ameliorates oxidative stress produced in subcutaneously injected mice with B16F10 melanoma cells. Treatment of mice with PTX significantly reduced oxidative stress and attenuated the altered changes of reduced glutathione and lipid peroxides. Our findings provide an experimental basis for using PTX to attenuate oxidative stress induced by B16F10 melanoma cells in liver and lung of DBA/2 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Shukla
- Chemotherapy Divison, Tata Memorial Centre, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India
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Shukla V, Gude RP. Potentiation of lipid peroxidation in B16F10 and B16F1 melanoma cells by caffeine, a methylxanthine derivative: relationship to intracellular glutathione. Chemotherapy 2003; 49:71-5. [PMID: 12714815 DOI: 10.1159/000069785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2002] [Accepted: 01/02/2003] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caffeine has shown an inhibitory role in invasion and proliferation in melanoma pulmonary metastasis as well as in high-grade tissue sarcoma. However, little is known about its mechanism and possible role in metastatic cell lines. MATERIALS AND METHODS B16F10 and B16F1 cell lines of high and low metastatic potential were treated with caffeine at different time intervals with different doses. Reduced glutathione, glutathione S-transferase and lipid peroxides were estimated to evaluate the effect of caffeine. RESULTS Caffeine treatment showed glutathione depletion and increased lipid peroxidation with higher glutathione S-transferase activity in both B16F10 and B16F1 cell lines. However the effect of caffeine was dependent on the time factor as well as on the dose. CONCLUSIONS Caffeine was an effective inhibitor of metastatic activity. Glutathione depletion in conjunction with increased lipid peroxidation was a potent indicator in the regulation of metastatic behavior of B16F10 and B16F1 melanoma cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Shukla
- Chemotherapy Division, Cancer Research Institute, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
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Menon LG, Ingle AD, Gude RP. Tumor regression of B16F10 melanoma in vivo by prevention of neovascularization: study on theophylline. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2002; 17:213-7. [PMID: 12030115 DOI: 10.1089/108497802753773838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of theophylline on neovascularization and tumor regression in murine B16F10 melanoma. Theophylline had no direct toxicity to host and significantly reduced (p < 0.001) tumor volume and neovascularization in B16F10 melanoma implanted murine model. The effect of theophylline on neovascularization was observed distinctly in histologic analysis. This effect is mediated, in part by blocking endothelial cell proliferation, thereby preventing neovascularization of the tumor. Further investigations with theophylline can elucidate the exact mechanism of action which characterize neovascularization activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lata G Menon
- Chemotherapy Division, Cancer Research Institute, Parel, Mumbai-400 012, India.
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Gude RP, Jadhav MG, Rao SGA, Jagtap AG. Effects of niosomal cisplatin and combination of the same with theophylline and with activated macrophages in murine B16F10 melanoma model. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2002; 17:183-92. [PMID: 12030112 DOI: 10.1089/108497802753773801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of cisplatin is limited due to its certain toxic effects. In the present study niosomes of cisplatin by using span 60 and cholesterol were prepared and investigated for antimetastatic activity in experimental metastatic model of B16F10 melanoma. Theophylline and its combination effect with free cisplatin and niosomal cisplatin were also carried out in the same model. The effect of treatment with activated macrophages alone and in combination with cisplatin, theophylline and niosomal cisplatin was also observed. Treatment with niosomal cisplatin (1 mg/kg) and combination of the same with theophylline (15 mg/kg) showed significant reduction in the number of lung nodules as compared to untreated control as well as with free cisplatin (1 mg/kg). The treatment with activated macrophages (activated by using Muramyl dipeptide) significantly reduced the secondary growth of tumor in lung. Niosomal cisplatin showed a significant protection against weight loss and bone marrow toxicity as compared to free cisplatin. These results suggest that cisplatin encapsulated in niosomes has significant antimetastatic activity and reduced toxicities than that of free cisplatin. However theophylline failed to show antimetastatic effect alone or in combination with cisplatin or with activated macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Gude
- Chemotherapy and Stem Cell Biology Division, Cancer Research Institute, Dr. E. Borges Marg, Parel, Mumbai, India
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Gude RP, Binda MM, Boquete AL, Bonfil RD. Inhibition of endothelial cell proliferation and tumor-induced angiogenesis by pentoxifylline. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2001; 127:625-30. [PMID: 11599799 DOI: 10.1007/s004320100262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study we investigated the effect of pentoxifylline (PTX) on tumor-induced neovascularization as well as on different steps involved in the angiogenic process. METHODS To assess angiogenesis inhibition. we injected intradermally (i.d.) 10 B16-F10 melanoma cells into C57BL/6J mice which were subsequently intraperitoneally (i.p.) inoculated with PTX or saline. On day 7 the number of blood vessels converging to the remnant of injected material was counted and the volumes of incipient tumors were calculated in each case. In vitro growth inhibition by PTX was evaluated in two different cell lines of endothelial origin and in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Motility assays, as well as zymographic assays carried out to analyze gelatinolytic metalloproteinases and urokinase-type plasminogen activator, were performed in one of the endothelial cell lines. RESULTS A significant inhibition of tumor-induced angiogenesis was observed in C57B1/6 mice i.p. inoculated with PTX, that paralleled reduced incipient tumor volumes. The endothelial cells derived from different sources were inhibited in a dose-response manner by PTX in vitro. Non-cytotoxic PTX concentrations assayed in one of the endothelial cell lines did not inhibit its in vitro cell motility nor its gelatinase secretion, but its low molecular weight urokinase-type plasminogen activator expression. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the inhibitory effect of PTX on tumor angiogenesis is related to antiproliferative action on endothelial cells, as well as to down regulation of u-PA secreted by them.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Gude
- Chemotherapy & Stem Cell Biology Division, Cancer Research Institute, Mumbai, India
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Gude RP, Menon LG, Rao SG. Effect of Caffeine, a xanthine derivative, in the inhibition of experimental lung metastasis induced by B16F10 melanoma cells. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2001; 20:287-92. [PMID: 11484989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Caffeine, a methyl xanthine derivative, was studied to assess the effect on B16F10 melanoma induced experimental metastasis. Caffeine was administered at a dose of 100 and 50 mg/kg body weight by both routes, to tumour bearing animals. Solid tumour reduction studies with Caffeine showed a significant reduction in tumour volume for 100 mg/kg dose by both oral and i.p. routes. The Caffeine treated metastatic tumour bearing animals significantly (p<0.001) inhibited lung tumour nodules. Serum sialic acid levels and lung hydroxyproline contents in the treated groups were significantly (p<0.001) low, when compared with the untreated control animals. In the present study, our results suggest that Caffeine inhibits solid tumour development and pulmonary experimental metastasis induced by B16F10 melanoma cells, in murine model.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Gude
- Chemotherapy & Stem Cell Biology Division. Cancer Research Institute, Parel, Mumbai, India.
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Gaikwad SY, Jagtap AG, Ingle AD, Ra SG, Gude RP. Antimetastatic efficacy of niosomal pentoxifylline and its combination with activated macrophages in murine B16F10 melanoma model. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2000; 15:605-15. [PMID: 11190492 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2000.15.605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of the present study were a) to enhance the effectiveness of antimetastatic agent, Pentoxifylline (PTX) by encapsulation in niosomes and b) to investigate the anticancer activity by combination therapy involving activated macrophages and PTX solution/PTX niosomes. Niosomes were prepared by lipid film hydration method. Particle size distribution revealed bimodal distribution with median vesicle size of 462 nm. The entrapment efficacy of PTX niosomes was found to be 9.64%. A cumulative release of 82.43% from niosomal suspension was observed at the end of 21 hours. Intravenous administration of niosomal PTX (6 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg) resulted in significant reduction in lung nodules in an experimental metastatic B16F10 model suggesting accumulation of PTX in a distant target organ-lung. Light microscopic observations of histologic sections showed a decrease in number of tumor islands in the lung. Macrophages activated by intraperitoneal injection of Iscove's Modified Dulbecco's Medium (IMDM) containing 20% fetal calf serum (FCS) followed by in vitro incubation with muramyl dipeptide (MDP) were more effective in controlling tumor spread than those activated by FCS alone. Combination therapy of activated macrophages and PTX solution/niosomal PTX showed no additive or synergistic effect in controlling tumor spread. Carbon clearance studies revealed that PTX inhibits the phagocytic ability of activated macrophages, thereby resulting in the failure of combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Gaikwad
- Department of Pharmacology, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Mumbai, India
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Sant VP, Nagarsenker MS, Rao SG, Gude RP. Enhancement of anti-metastatic activity of pentoxifylline by encapsulation in conventional liposomes and sterically stabilized liposomes in murine experimental B16F10 melanoma model. J Pharm Pharmacol 2000; 52:1461-6. [PMID: 11197073 DOI: 10.1211/0022357001777667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Pentoxifylline has been shown to exhibit anti-metastatic activity by inhibiting homing of B16F10 melanoma cells in the murine experimental metastasis model. In this study, the effect of encapsulation of pentoxifylline in conventional and sterically stabilized liposomes on its anti-metastatic activity in the murine experimental metastasis model was investigated. After a single intravenous dose (10, 20 or 40 mg kg(-1)), pentoxifylline solution, as well as conventional pentoxifylline liposomes, significantly reduced the number of pulmonary nodules compared with the untreated control group. Conventional pentoxifylline liposomes showed significantly higher inhibition (69%) of pulmonary tumour nodule formation at a dose of 20mg kg(-1) as compared with pentoxifylline solution (49%) at the same dose. Encapsulation of pentoxifylline in sterically stabilized liposomes prepared by incorporation of monomethoxypolyethyleneglycol (5000)-cholesteryl ester further enhanced the inhibition of pulmonary nodule formation (77%) at a dose of 20 mg kg(-1) as compared with conventional pentoxifylline liposomes. Overall, the results suggest that encapsulation of pentoxifylline in conventional liposomes enhanced its anti-metastatic activity. Steric stabilization of pentoxifylline liposomes also resulted in a two-fold increase in anti-metastatic activity (at dose of 10 mg kg(-1)) as compared with conventional liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- V P Sant
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Mumbai, India
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Gude RP, Binda MM, Presas HL, Klein-Szanto AJ, Bonfil RD. Studies on the mechanisms responsible for inhibition of experimental metastasis of B16-F10 murine melanoma by pentoxifylline. J Biomed Sci 1999; 6:133-41. [PMID: 10087444 DOI: 10.1007/bf02256444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pentoxifylline (PTX), a methylxanthine derivative widely used as a hemorheological agent in the treatment of peripheral vascular disease, was studied to unveil the mechanisms responsible for its inhibitory action on B16-F10 experimental metastasis. In vitro pretreatment of B16-F10 cells with noncytotoxic concentrations of PTX significantly inhibited their adhesion to reconstituted basement membrane Matrigel(R) and type IV collagen as well as the relative activity of secreted 92 kD metalloproteinase. However, PTX pretreatment of B16-F10 cells did not affect their in vitro invasiveness. Heterotypic organ adhesion assays carried out with B16-F10 cells and suspended organ tissues demonstrated that pretreatment with noncytotoxic concentrations of PTX of both, tumor cells or lung tissue, brought about a dose-dependent inhibition of melanoma cell adhesion to lung. Immunohistochemical studies using antibodies against CD31 adhesion molecule (PECAM-1) revealed that B16-F10 cells adhere to lung endothelial cells. Our results suggest that PTX may exert its inhibitory effect on tumor lodgment, and as a consequence of that on experimental metastases, through an inhibitory action on cell adhesion molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Gude
- Cancer Research Institute, Mumbai, India
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Abstract
B16 melanoma has proved to be an ideal model for investigating metastasis. The parental B16F1 line grows as a localized subcutaneous tumor in C57BL/6 or DBA/2 mice. However, by means of successive intravenous transplantation, a subline B16F10 has been established. This shows preponderant lung homing when transplanted by intravenous route into C57BL/6 mice. In this paper we have shown that pentoxifylline (PTX; Hoechst), a microfilament depolymerising agent can inhibit significantly this lung homing of B16F10 cells. It also had a marginal inhibitory effect on subcutaneous tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Gude
- Chemotherapy and Stem Cell Biology Division, Cancer Research Institute, Bombay, India
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Abstract
This paper investigates the mechanism of mouse haemopoietic stem cell homing into the cytoskeleton depolymerizing agent Pentoxifylline was used, and shown to inhibit stem cell homing. The inhibition was reversible after 6 hours. The results obtained suggest that the haemopoietic stem cell homing receptor is anchored to cytoskeletal support intracellularly.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Gude
- Chemotherapy and Stem Cell Biology Division, Cancer Research Institute, Parel, Bombay, India
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Chitnis MP, Joshi SS, Gude RP, Menon RS. Induced resistance in leukaemia L1210 to adriamycin and its cross-resistance to vincristine and bouvardin. Chemotherapy 1982; 28:209-12. [PMID: 7094661 DOI: 10.1159/000238078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The induction of complete resistance to adriamycin in L1210 leukemia was accomplished after 10 transplant generations. The adriamycin-resistant subline showed cross-resistance to vincristine and bouvardin. It was sensitive to methotrexate; this was observed by a 50% increase in life span compared to the life span of untreated control animals.
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