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Yoon S, Choi R, Cho S, Kim H, Lee J, Kim E, Chang J, Kim S, Kim H, Lee J, Kang S. OS10.6.A What is the initial cell in the subventricular zone for human glioblastoma genesis? Neuro Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac174.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
We all have a fundamental question about why glioblastoma (GBM) develops. In order to find the answer to this fundamental question, if you find out what the first cell is, you will get closer to the answer. GBM arises from the subventricular zone (SVZ). GBM is one of the most devastating tumour of human brain as the most optimal treatment barely prolongs the survival, and it does not cure the disease. As the majority of GBM tissues show copy number variations (CNV) of co-altered chromosomal 7 gain and 10 loss, we hypothesized the origin cell (Oc) of SVZ may be traced back with these markers. The cellular identity of the Oc is still unknown and it is different from the tumour-derived progenitor-like cells. We aimed to define these cells from the SVZ that have a potential to get activated into GBM.
Material and Methods
We compared bulk RNA sequencing (RNAseq) data of IDHwt GBM tumor tissue (n=122), tumor free SVZ from GBM patients (n=40), tumor-free control SVZ of non-glial tumor (n=9). Pared single nucleus RNAseq (snRNAseq) or single cell RNAseq (scRNAseq) samples of tumor free SVZ (n=11) and GBM tumor (n=8), were done to see cell specific CNVs. We developed genetically engineered mouse models for GBM genesis introducing three driver mutations (TP53, PTEN, and EGFRviii) into SVZ to isolate mouse Oc (mOc) and mouse cancer cells (mCc). The biological characteristics of separated mOc and mCc were compared. Bulk RNAseq and scRNAseq were performed on these cells (mOc, mCc), and their cellular state was compared with the human gene set.
Results
In this work, we found two types of the Oc in the RNA sequencing of 60 human tumour free-SVZ samples. Furthermore, single-cell level analysis revealed that two Oc types in SVZ harbor ongoing patterns of CNV co-alterations from Oc1 to Oc2, and finally to GBM. The Oc1 type cells contained the CNV signature of Oc2 ancestor with neural progenitor cell (NPC) signature. Oc2 type cells expressed a high level of EGFR than other cells with astrocyte-like cell signature. Both of these cells expressed oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC)-like signatures in the SVZ. We validated the human-based findings by using the P53/PTEN/EGFR-mutant mouse model with EGFR/tdTomato overexpression and P53/PTEN knockout in the SVZ cells. As a result, non-tumourigenic and highly motile Oc-like cell-states are found in the mouse models, supporting the firework-like migration pattern from the SVZ.
Conclusion
Our results demonstrate how members of Oc preoccupy the SVZ, known as the stem cell niche and give rise to the tumour. We anticipate that a new therapy may emerge by targeting the Oc in the SVZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yoon
- Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - R Choi
- Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - S Cho
- Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - H Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST , Daejeon , Korea, Republic of
| | - J Lee
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - E Kim
- Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - J Chang
- Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - S Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - H Kim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - J Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST , Daejeon , Korea, Republic of
| | - S Kang
- Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
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Park M, Pack E, Lee S, Park S, Choi R, Kim Y, Min M. W232 The value of measuring NK cell fraction in Korean women with reproductive failure. Clin Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.04.437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Choi R, Park M, Oh Y, Kim S, Lee S, Lee E. M158 Validation of various equations for calculated serum LDL cholesterol in Korean. Clin Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Lee E, Lee S, Oh Y, Choi R. W083 Understanding a patient population of syphilis serology tests in Korea. Clin Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.04.821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Choi R, An Y, Aneja S, Bindra R, Bond J, Chiang V, Hansen J, Hebert R, Matouk C, Yu J. Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Pediatric Arteriovenous Malformations: A Case Series Reflecting One Institution’s Experience With Treatment. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Cho YJ, Choi R, Park S, Kwon JW. Parental smoking and depression, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents: Korean national health and nutrition examination survey 2005-2014. Asia Pac Psychiatry 2018; 10:e12327. [PMID: 30088339 DOI: 10.1111/appy.12327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We aimed to investigate the risk factors associated with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents using a nationally representative sample of the Korean population. METHODS Data from children and adolescents aged less than 18 years (n = 23 561) were obtained from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005 to 2014. ADHD was assessed using a self-reported diagnosis of ADHD. We estimated the annual prevalence and number of Korean children and adolescents with physician-diagnosed ADHD from 2005 to 2014. We considered various risk factors including demographics, obesity, and family environment (household income, parental age, depression in adults in the household, and exposure to environmental smoke at home). The relationship between ADHD and the considered risk factors was evaluated using multiple logistic regression. RESULTS The annual prevalence of physician-diagnosed ADHD showed a 4-fold increase (0.35% in 2005 and 1.36% 2014) over the study period. Among ADHD patients, boys and girls constituted 78% and 22%, respectively. Total smoking amounts and depression in adults in the household were significantly associated with children's ADHD. When the analysis was limited to parental effects, only the father's smoking amount and depression were associated with the children's ADHD. DISCUSSION This study identified adults' smoking and depression as family environmental factors associated with children's ADHD. From a public health care perspective, this result illuminates the need for awareness programs emphasizing a parent's conditions that may influence the development of ADHD in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn Joo Cho
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Ran Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Susan Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jin-Won Kwon
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
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Yoon WK, Kim YW, Suh SIL, Choi R, Lee SG, Hyun C. Evaluation of cardiopulmonary and inflammatory markers in dogs with heartworm infection during treatment with the 2014 American Heartworm Society recommended treatment protocol. Parasit Vectors 2017; 10:535. [PMID: 29143684 PMCID: PMC5688508 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-2427-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Heartworm disease in dogs is a life-threatening parasitic disease. Although adulticide treatment with melarsomine has been proven to be the most effective, complications associated with adulticide treatment are major concerns for clinicians. Methods This study evaluated the change in levels of D-dimer, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein and cardiac troponin I in 12 dogs with different severities of heartworm infection treated by the American Heartworm Society (AHS) recommended protocol during the treatment period. The serum levels of several markers were measured on the day of diagnosis (T-60), before the initiation of melarsomine therapy (T0), 1 day after the first injection (T1), 1 week after the first injection (T7), 1 month after the first injection (T30), 1 day after the second injection (T31), 1 day after the third injection (T32), 1 week after the third injection (T39), 1 month after the third injection (T62), 2 months after the third injection (T92), 3 months after the third injection (T122), and 6 months after the third injection (T182). Results The serum levels of these markers were significantly different at the test time point after melarsomine treatment and also differed significantly according to the stage of heartworm disease in the dogs. Conclusion This study found that monitoring of inflammatory and hemostatic markers in dogs with heartworm disease being treated with melarsomine might be beneficial in predicting the clinical outcomes and complications associated with melarsomine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Kyoung Yoon
- Section of Small Animal Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Won Kim
- Section of Small Animal Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-I L Suh
- Section of Small Animal Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Ran Choi
- Section of Small Animal Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Gon Lee
- Section of Small Animal Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Changbaig Hyun
- Section of Small Animal Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, 24341, Republic of Korea.
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Beecroft S, Choi R, McLean C, Olive M, Ryan M, Davis M, Laing N, Launikonis B, Ravenscroft G. Genetic and histological characterisation of excitation-contraction coupling related structural myopathy cohort. Neuromuscul Disord 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2017.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kim HJ, Ruqia B, Kang MS, Lim SB, Choi R, Nam KM, Seo WS, Lee G, Choi SI. Shape-controlled Pt nanocubes directly grown on carbon supports and their electrocatalytic activity toward methanol oxidation. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2017; 62:943-949. [PMID: 36659465 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2017.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of shape-controlled Pt nanocrystals is substantial and important for enhancing chemical and electrochemical reactions. However, the removal of capping agents, shape-controlling chemicals, on Pt surfaces is essential prior to conducting the catalytic reactions. Here we report a facile one-pot synthesis of Pt nanocubes directly grown on carbon supports (Pt nanocubes/C) with modulating the kinetic reaction factors for shaping the nanocrystals, but without adding any capping agents for preserving the clean Pt surfaces. Well-dispersed Pt nanocubes/C shows enhanced activity and long-term stability toward methanol oxidation reaction compared to the commercial Pt/C catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jin Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Bibi Ruqia
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Sung Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Bin Lim
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ran Choi
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Min Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Seok Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gaehang Lee
- Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI) and University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Il Choi
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
Case summary This report describes a rare case of crossed fused renal ectopia (CFRE) in a cat. A mature intact male Persian cat presented with bloody nasal discharge and ascites. Diagnostic studies revealed an ectopic left kidney fused with an orthotopic right kidney and a concurrent feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) infection. The FIP was responsible for clinical signs in this cat, while clinical signs associated with CFRE were not obvious. Despite receiving intensive treatment, the cat died. A post-mortem examination was not performed because the owners declined approval. Relevance and novel information To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of L-shaped CFRE in a cat. In addition, this report describes the CT features of L-shaped CFRE in a cat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hyuk Seo
- VIP Animal Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Section of Small Animal Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | | | - Sang-Il Suh
- Section of Small Animal Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Ran Choi
- Section of Small Animal Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - In-Chul Park
- Section of Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Changbaig Hyun
- Section of Small Animal Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
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Kim SE, Choi R, Kang SW, Hyun C. Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in household and feral cats in Korea. J Parasit Dis 2017; 41:823-825. [PMID: 28848285 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-017-0896-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the prevalence rate of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection in household cats in Korea. One hundred household cats and 50 feral cats from nine of the largest cities in Korea were enrolled in this study. The tests performed in this survey was an in-house rapid screen IgG and IgM combo test, faecal PCR test for T. gondii oocysts, and an ELISA immunoassay for IgG antibodies. There were no household cats positive for T. gondii infection detected using the in-house IgG and IgM rapid screen combo test, although 6/50 and 0/50 feral cats were positive in IgG and IgM tests, respectively. This initial finding was confirmed by subsequent ELISA test for IgG antibody and PCR for T. gondii in faeces. Despite the higher prevalence rate of the disease in feral cats in Korea, we did not find any household cats that were either infected or exposed previously to T. gondii in our study population. Our study indicates that there is minimal risk of T. gondii transmission from household cats to human in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Eon Kim
- Dasom Animal Hospital, Busan, Korea.,Section of Small Animal Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Ran Choi
- Dasom Animal Hospital, Busan, Korea.,Section of Small Animal Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Seung-Won Kang
- Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Anyang, Korea
| | - Changbaig Hyun
- Section of Small Animal Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
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Choi WJ, Suh SI, Choi R, Hyun C. Acyanotic tetralogy of Fallot in a Persian cat. Can Vet J 2016; 57:596-600. [PMID: 27247457 PMCID: PMC4866662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
An 8-year-old, intact male Persian cat was presented with a prominent heart murmur, exercise intolerance, anorexia, and periodontitis. There was no cyanosis and no laboratory evidence for systemic hypoxemia. Echocardiography showed a dextropositioned aorta, moderate pulmonic stenosis (maximal velocity 4.06 m/s), ventricular septal defect, and right ventricular hypertrophy. The shunt direction was predominantly left-to-right in systole and minimally right-to-left in diastole. The cat was diagnosed with acyanotic (pink) tetralogy of Fallot and was managed medically with atenolol.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Changbaig Hyun
- Address all correspondence to Dr. Changbaig Hyun; e-mail:
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Kim BH, Lee ES, Choi R, Nawaboot J, Lee MY, Lee EY, Kim HS, Chung CH. Protective Effects of Curcumin on Renal Oxidative Stress and Lipid Metabolism in a Rat Model of Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy. Yonsei Med J 2016; 57:664-73. [PMID: 26996567 PMCID: PMC4800357 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2016.57.3.664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Diabetic nephropathy is a serious complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and delaying the development of diabetic nephropathy in patients with diabetes mellitus is very important. In this study, we investigated inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolism to assess whether curcumin ameliorates diabetic nephropathy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Animals were divided into three groups: Long-Evans-Tokushima-Otsuka rats for normal controls, Otsuka-Long-Evans-Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats for the diabetic group, and curcumin-treated (100 mg/kg/day) OLETF rats. We measured body and epididymal fat weights, and examined plasma glucose, adiponectin, and lipid profiles at 45 weeks. To confirm renal damage, we measured albumin-creatinine ratio, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in urine samples. Glomerular basement membrane thickness and slit pore density were evaluated in the renal cortex tissue of rats. Furthermore, we conducted adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling and oxidative stress-related nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) signaling to investigate mechanisms of lipotoxicity in kidneys. RESULTS Curcumin ameliorated albuminuria, pathophysiologic changes on the glomerulus, urinary MDA, and urinary SOD related with elevated Nrf2 signaling, as well as serum lipid-related index and ectopic lipid accumulation through activation of AMPK signaling. CONCLUSION Collectively, these findings indicate that curcumin exerts renoprotective effects by inhibiting renal lipid accumulation and oxidative stress through AMPK and Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hwan Kim
- College of Nursing, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Eun Soo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Ran Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Jarinyaporn Nawaboot
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Preclinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Mi Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Eun Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Hyeon Soo Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Choon Hee Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.
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Kim YW, Suh SI, Choi R, Hyun C. Evaluation of quality of anesthesia and analgesia and of vital signs after intramuscular administration of a combination of butorphanol, medetomidine and alfaxalone in cats. J Vet Med Sci 2015; 78:431-3. [PMID: 26549435 PMCID: PMC4829511 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.15-0288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the quality of anesthesia, duration of analgesia and changes in vital signs after intramuscular administration of a combination of butorphanol, medetomidine and alfaxalone in domestic cats. Ten healthy adult domestic cats (weighing 2.9 ± 0.5 kg) were used in this study. Rectal temperature (T), pulse rate (PR), respiratory rate (fR) and systolic arterial pressure (SAP) were measured and recorded prior to intramuscular (IM) administration of butorphanol (0.2 mg/kg), medetomidine (20 ug/kg) and alfaxalone (5 mg/kg) and then every 10 min until return of consciousness. Qualitative scores for induction of anesthesia and recovery were allocated, duration of anesthesia and recovery were calculated, and adverse events were recorded. A needle prick with a 22-gauge hypodermic needle was used to assess analgesia. Scores for induction and recovery quality were acceptable. No significant adverse events except nausea (7/10) and vomiting (5/10) were observed. The mean ± SD times from induction to extubation and to standing (full recovery) were 114 ± 8 and 125 ± 7 min, respectively. There were statistically significant changes in PR, fR and SAP after induction of anesthesia. The combination of butorphanol, medetomidine and alfaxalone provided acceptable quality of anesthesia and analgesia and exerted minimal cardiopulmonary effects in domestic cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Won Kim
- Section of Small Animal Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
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Lee J, Suh S, Choi R, Hyun C. Cardiorespiratory and anesthetic effects produced by the combination of butorphanol, medetomidine and alfaxalone administered intramuscularly in Beagle dogs. J Vet Med Sci 2015; 77:1677-80. [PMID: 26256405 PMCID: PMC4710729 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.15-0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated anesthesia quality, degree of analgesia and cardiorespiratory
parameters after intramuscular (IM) injection of a combination of butorphanol (0.1 mg/kg),
medetomidine (10 µg/kg) and alfaxalone (1.5 mg/kg) in ten healthy adult
Beagle dogs. Rectal temperature (T), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate
(fR), arterial pressure, arterial blood gases and M-mode
echocardiographic left ventricular (LV) indices were measured before drug administration
and every 10 min thereafter until extubation. Mean duration of anesthesia, recovery and
analgesia were 89 ± 17, 6 ± 1 and 80 ± 12 min. HR, fR, partial
pressure of arterial CO2 and O2, arterial pressure, and LV
contractility were significantly altered during anesthesia. IM administration of the drug
combination provided acceptable anesthesia, but produced substantial cardiorespiratory
suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongsung Lee
- Section of Small Animal Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center; Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - J.-S. Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center; Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - R. Choi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center; Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - O.-J. Kwon
- Biowithus Life Science Institute; Seoul Korea
| | - E.-S. Kang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center; Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Seoul Korea
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Naowaboot J, Chung CH, Choi R. Rutin Stimulates Adipocyte Differentiation and Adiponectin Secretion in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. J Med Assoc Thai 2015; 98 Suppl 3:S1-S6. [PMID: 26387381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Rutin is aflavonoid, which is found in many plants. It has been shown to reduce blood glucose and increase insulin levels in diabetic rats. In the present study, the authors aimed to elucidate the molecular basis for the observed antidiabetic activity using murine 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cultures. The treatment of differentiating 3T3-L1 cells with rutin at concentrations of 3, 10, 30 and 100 µM significantly increased lipid accumulation and mRNA expression of transcription factors, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha, and adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein. Furthermore, rutin at concentrations of 10, 30 and 100 µM increased adiponectin mRNA expression together with stimulating the secretion of adiponectin in differentiating 3T3-L1 cells. These results indicate that the stimulatory effect of rutin on adipocyte differentiation likely occurs through up-regulation of adipogenic transcription factors and downstream adipocyte-specific gene expression. Such effects of rutin on adiponectin secretion and adipocyte activity may account for, at least in part, the antidiabetic effects of consumption of food containing rutin.
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Choi R, Yim HW, Jo SJ, Bang MH, Ji YN, Lee WC. Effects of school-based depression awareness education program for adolescent. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.14367/kjhep.2015.32.1.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Han D, Choi R, Hyun C. Canine pancreatic-specific lipase concentrations in dogs with heart failure and chronic mitral valvular insufficiency. J Vet Intern Med 2015; 29:180-3. [PMID: 25586363 PMCID: PMC4858084 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic mitral valvular insufficiency (CMVI) in dogs is very common and might cause clinical signs of congestion and poor tissue perfusion. HYPOTHESIS Poor tissue perfusion from CMVI causes pancreatitis in dogs, as indicated by serum pancreatic lipase concentrations. ANIMALS Sixty-two client-owned dogs consisting of 40 dogs with different stages of heart failure from CMVI and 22 age-matched healthy dogs, based on full cardiac exam and routine laboratory tests. METHODS Prospective, controlled, observational study. Serum canine pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (cPLI) concentrations were determined by quantitative cPLI test in healthy and CMVI groups. RESULTS Serum cPLI concentrations were 54.0 μg/L (IQR: 38.0-78.8 μg/L) in control, 55.0 μg/L (IQR: 38.3-88.8 μg/L) in ISACHC I, 115.0 μg/L (IQR: 45.0-179.0 μg/L) in ISACHC II and 223.0 μg/L (IQR: 119.5-817.5 μg/L) in ISACHC III. Close correlation to serum cPLI concentration was found in the left atrial to aorta (LA/Ao) ratio (r = 0.597; P = .000) and the severity of heart failure (r = 0.530; P = .000). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE This study found CMVI is associated with pancreatic injury in congestive heart failure caused by CMVI. Therefore, periodic monitoring on cPLI could be useful in monitoring dogs in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Han
- Section of Small Animal Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
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Seo JI, Han SH, Choi R, Han J, Lee L, Hyun C. Cardiopulmonary and anesthetic effects of the combination of butorphanol, midazolam and alfaxalone in Beagle dogs. Vet Anaesth Analg 2014; 42:304-8. [PMID: 25112420 DOI: 10.1111/vaa.12223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the physiological variables, arterial blood gas values, induction of anesthesia quality, and recovery quality using the combination of butorphanol, midazolam and alfaxalone in dogs. ANIMALS Ten healthy adult Beagle dogs weighing 8.3 ± 3.1 kg. METHODS Rectal temperature (T), pulse rate (PR), respiratory rate (f(R)), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and arterial blood gases were measured and recorded prior to intravenous (IV) administration of butorphanol, prior to administration of both midazolam and alfaxalone IV 10 minutes later, then every 5 minutes for 20 minutes. M-mode echocardiographic left ventricular (LV) indices were measured before and 5 minutes after administration of alfaxalone. Qualitative scores for induction of anesthesia and recovery were allocated, duration of anesthesia and recovery were calculated, and adverse events were recorded. RESULTS Scores for induction and recovery quality were excellent. No significant adverse events were observed. Mean ± SD time from induction to extubation and to standing (full recovery) was 29 ± 6 and 36 ± 8 minutes, respectively. There were statistically significant changes in PR, f(R) and MAP after drug administration. Transient hypercarbia developed after alfaxalone injection. The echocardiographic LV indices were reduced after alfaxalone injection, although those changes were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The combination of butorphanol, midazolam and alfaxalone provided excellent quality of induction of anesthesia and exerted minimal cardiopulmonary effects in healthy dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Im Seo
- Section of Small Animal Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
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Naowaboot J, Chung CH, Choi R, Pannangpetch P. Umbelliferone Increases the Expression of Adipocyte-Specific Genes in 3 T3-L1 Adipocyte. Phytother Res 2014; 28:1671-5. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jarinyaporn Naowaboot
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Preclinical Science, Faculty of Medicine; Thammasat University; Pathum Thani 12120 Thailand
| | - Choon Hee Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine; Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine; Wonju 220-701 Korea
| | - Ran Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine; Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine; Wonju 220-701 Korea
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Choi SI, Lee SU, Choi R, Park JT, Han SW. Nitrogen-Doped Pt/C Electrocatalysts with Enhanced Activity and Stability toward the Oxygen Reduction Reaction. Chempluschem 2013; 78:1252-1257. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201300191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Seok SJ, Lee ES, Kim GT, Hyun M, Lee JH, Chen S, Choi R, Kim HM, Lee EY, Chung CH. Blockade of CCL2/CCR2 signalling ameliorates diabetic nephropathy in db/db mice. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2013; 28:1700-10. [PMID: 23794669 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfs555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CCL2/C-C chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) signalling is suggested to play a significant role in various kidney diseases including diabetic nephropathy. We investigated the renoprotective effect of a CCR2 antagonist, RS102895, on the development of diabetic nephropathy in a type 2 diabetic mouse model. METHODS Six-week-old diabetic db/db and non-diabetic db/m mice were fed either normal chow or chow mixed with 2 mg/kg/day of RS102895 for 9 weeks. We investigated the effects of CCR2 antagonism on blood glucose, blood pressure, albuminuria and the structure and ultrastructure of the kidney. RESULTS Diabetes-induced albuminuria was significantly improved after CCR2 antagonist treatment, and glucose intolerance was improved in the RS102895-treated diabetic mice. RS102895 did not affect blood pressure, body weight or kidney weight. Mesangial expansion, glomerular basement membrane thickening and increased desmin staining in the diabetic kidney were significantly improved after RS102895 treatment. The up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA expression and the down-regulation of nephrin mRNA expression were markedly improved in the kidneys of RS102895-treated diabetic mice. Increased renal CD68 and arginase II and urinary malondialdehyde in diabetes were effectively attenuated by RS102895 treatment. CONCLUSION Blockade of CCL2/CCR2 signalling by RS102895 ameliorates diabetic nephropathy not only by improving blood glucose levels but also by preventing CCL2/CCR2 signalling from altering renal nephrin and VEGF expressions through blocking macrophage infiltration, inflammation and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jin Seok
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soon Chun Hyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
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Lee MY, Choi R, Kim HM, Cho EJ, Kim BH, Choi YS, Naowaboot J, Lee EY, Yang YC, Shin JY, Shin YG, Chung CH. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ agonist attenuates hepatic steatosis by anti-inflammatory mechanism. Exp Mol Med 2013; 44:578-85. [PMID: 22824914 PMCID: PMC3490079 DOI: 10.3858/emm.2012.44.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Although peroxisome proliferator receptor (PPAR)-α and PPAR-γ agonist have been developed as chemical tools to uncover biological roles for the PPARs such as lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, PPAR-δ has not been fully investigated. In this study, we examined the effects of the PPAR-δ agonist GW0742 on fatty liver changes and inflammatory markers. We investigated the effects of PPAR-δ agonist GW0742 on fatty liver changes in OLETF rats. Intrahepatic triglyceride contents and expression of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and monocyte chemo-attractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and also, PPAR-γ coactivator (PGC)-1α gene were evaluated in liver tissues of OLETF rats and HepG2 cells after GW0742 treatment. The level of TNF-α and MCP-1 was also examined in supernatant of Raw264. 7 cell culture. To address the effects of GW0742 on insulin signaling, we performed in vitro study with AML12 mouse hepatocytes. Rats treated with GW0742 (10 mg/kg/day) from 26 to 36 weeks showed improvement in fatty infiltration of the liver. In liver tissues, mRNA expressions of TNF-α, MCP-1, and PGC-1α were significantly decreased in diabetic rats treated with GW0742 compared to diabetic control rats. We also observed that GW0742 had inhibitory effects on palmitic acid-induced fatty accumulation and inflammatory markers in HepG2 and Raw264.7 cells. The expression level of Akt and IRS-1 was significantly increased by treatment with GW0742. The PPAR-δ agonist may attenuate hepatic fat accumulation through anti-inflammatory mechanism, reducing hepatic PGC-1α gene expression, and improvement of insulin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea Institute of Lifestyle Medicine Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine Wonju 220-701, Korea
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Choi R, Choi SI, Choi CH, Nam KM, Woo SI, Park JT, Han SW. Designed Synthesis of Well-Defined Pd@Pt Core-Shell Nanoparticles with Controlled Shell Thickness as Efficient Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts. Chemistry 2013; 19:8190-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201203834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Yoon WK, Choi R, Lee SG, Hyun C. Comparison of 2 retrieval devices for heartworm removal in 52 dogs with heavy worm burden. J Vet Intern Med 2013; 27:469-73. [PMID: 23600618 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Revised: 01/26/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For treating dogs with heavy heartworm infection, mechanical removal using various retrieval devices is useful. However, the efficacy and safety of retrieval devices have rarely been studied. HYPOTHESIS Catheter-based heartworm removal using 2 retrieval devices (basket and tripod grasping forceps) is efficient and safe for treating dogs with heavy worm burden. ANIMALS Fifty-two client-owned dogs with heavy (Class III and IV) worm burden. METHODS A retrospective study was performed on 52 dogs, using a catheter-based heartworm removal approach using 2 types of retrieval devices (ie, the basket and the tripod grasping forceps). The efficacy and complications associated with the 2 devices were assessed. RESULTS The basket device was used on 22 of the study group dogs, and the tripod grasping forceps was used on 30 of the dogs. The postoperative survival rate was 95.5% for the basket device and 80% for the tripod grasping forceps, but the difference was not statistically significant. The worm number captured per attempt was 3.5 ± 1.7 using the basket device and 1.9 ± 0.85 for the tripod grasping forceps (P < .05). Various complications associated with heartworm removal were noticed with both retrieval devices. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE This study suggests that catheter-based heartworm removal is not only a relatively safe and efficient therapeutic method in dogs with heavy worm burden, but more efficient using the basket device. Our data do not indicate a clear safety advantage between the 2 devices evaluated, although the survival rate was numerically higher in dogs undergoing a basket intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- W K Yoon
- Section of Small Animal Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 201-100, Korea
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Lee C, Choi R, Kwak E, Lee H, Lee I, Seo J, Kim H, Kim Y. Resorcinol-functionalized carbon nanoparticles with a stick-out nanostructure for stable hydrogen bonding with polyester microfibers. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra42671h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Choi SI, Lee SU, Kim WY, Choi R, Hong K, Nam KM, Han SW, Park JT. Composition-controlled PtCo alloy nanocubes with tuned electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2012; 4:6228-6234. [PMID: 23106417 DOI: 10.1021/am301824w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Modification of the electronic structure and lattice contraction of Pt alloy nanocatalysts through control over their morphology and composition has been a crucial issue for improving their electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity. In the present work, we synthesized PtCo alloy nanocubes with controlled compositions (Pt(x)Co NCs, x = 2, 3, 5, 7, and 9) by regulating the ratio of surfactants and the amount of Co precursor to elucidate the effect of the composition of nanocatalysts on their ORR activity. Pt(x)Co NCs had a Pt-skin structure after electrochemical treatment. The electrocatalysis experiments revealed a strong correlation between ORR activity and Co composition. Pt₃Co NCs exhibited the best ORR performance among the various Pt(x)Co NCs. From density functional theory calculations, a typical volcano-type relationship was established between ORR activity and oxygen binding energy (E(OB)) on NC surfaces, which showed that Pt₃Co NCs had the optimal E(OB) to achieve the maximum ORR activity. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction measurements demonstrated that the electronic structure and lattice contraction of the Pt(x)Co NCs could be tuned by controlling the composition of NCs, which are highly correlated with the trends of E(OB) change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Il Choi
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
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Lee EY, Kim GT, Hyun M, Kim S, Seok S, Choi R, Lee MY, Chung CH. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- activation ameliorates albuminuria by preventing nephrin loss and restoring podocyte integrity in Type 2 diabetes. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012; 27:4069-79. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfs358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Nam KM, Kim YI, Jo Y, Lee SM, Kim BG, Choi R, Choi SI, Song H, Park JT. New crystal structure: synthesis and characterization of hexagonal wurtzite MnO. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:8392-5. [PMID: 22563802 DOI: 10.1021/ja302440y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Most transition metal oxides have a cubic rocksalt crystal structure, but ZnO and CoO are the only stable transition metal oxides known to possess a hexagonal structure. Unprecedented hexagonal wurtzite MnO has been prepared by thermal decomposition of Mn(acac)(2) on a carbon template. Structural characterization has been carried out by TEM, SAED, and a Rietveld analysis using XRD. The experimental and theoretical magnetic results indicate magnetic ordering of the hexagonal wurtzite MnO. Density functional calculations have been performed in order to understand the electronic and piezoelectric properties of the newly synthesized hexagonal wurtzite MnO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Min Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
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Naowaboot J, Chung CH, Pannangpetch P, Choi R, Kim BH, Lee MY, Kukongviriyapan U. Mulberry leaf extract increases adiponectin in murine 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Nutr Res 2012; 32:39-44. [PMID: 22260862 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2011.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2011] [Revised: 12/11/2011] [Accepted: 12/12/2011] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We have previously shown that mulberry leaf extract (MA) causes blood glucose levels to decrease in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes while enhancing glucose uptake by isolated fat cells. We hypothesized that the antidiabetic activity of MA is mediated via enhancement of adiponectin secretion and adipogenesis, which consequently decreases blood glucose. In the present study, we aimed to elucidate the molecular basis for the observed antidiabetic activity using murine 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cultures. We found that treatment of differentiating 3T3-L1 cells with MA at concentrations of 5, 15, and 45 μg/mL increased expression of adiponectin messenger RNA from 1.4-fold (control) to 1.5-, 1.95-, and 2.2-fold above basal values, respectively, while causing adiponectin secretion to increase from 70 ± 7.4 ng/mL to 100 ± 1.4, 138 ± 2.0, and 176 ± 21.4 ng/mL, respectively. Furthermore, we observed an increase in both lipid accumulation and messenger RNA expression of transcription factors, such as CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ; and of the fatty acid-binding protein aP2 in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells pretreated with MA. Our findings indicate that the stimulatory effects of mulberry leaf extract on adipocyte proliferation and differentiation likely occur through up-regulation of adipogenic transcription factors and downstream gene expression. Such effects of mulberry leaf extract on adiponectin secretion and adipocyte activity may account for, at least in part, the antidiabetic effects of consumption of beverages containing mulberry leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarinyaporn Naowaboot
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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Choi R, Kim BH, Naowaboot J, Lee MY, Hyun MR, Cho EJ, Lee ES, Lee EY, Yang YC, Chung CH. Effects of ferulic acid on diabetic nephropathy in a rat model of type 2 diabetes. Exp Mol Med 2012; 43:676-83. [PMID: 21975281 DOI: 10.3858/emm.2011.43.12.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy is the most serious complication in diabetes mellitus. It is known that oxidative stress and inflammation play a central role in the development of diabetic nephropathy. In this study, we investigated that ferulic acid (FA) known as anti-oxidative agent could effect on diabetic nephropathy by anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory mechanism. We examined the effects of FA in obese diabetic Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats and non-diabetic control Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats. We treated FA to experimental rats from 26 to 45 weeks of age. We evaluated ACR, MDA and MCP-1 in 24 h urine and examined renal histopathology and morphologic change in extracted kidneys from rats. Also, we evaluated the ROS production and MCP-1 levels in cultured podocyte after FA treatment. In the FA-treated OLETF rats, blood glucose was significantly decreased and serum adiponectin levels were increased. Urinary ACR was significantly reduced in FA-treated OLETF rats compared with diabetic OLETF rats. In renal histopathology, FA-treated OLETF rats showed decreased glomerular basement membrane thickness, glomerular volume, and mesangial matrix expansion. FA treatment decreased oxidative stress markers and MCP-1 levels in 24 h urine of rats and supernatants of cultured podocyte. In conclusion, it was suggested that FA have protective and therapeutic effects on diabetic nephropathy by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine Wonju 220-701, Korea
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Choi M, Choi R, Bae YR, Lee SM. Clinical decision support systems for patient safety: a focus group needs assessment with Korean ICU nurses. Comput Inform Nurs 2012; 29:671-8. [PMID: 21415713 DOI: 10.1097/ncn.0b013e3182148c18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
An ICU is known as a data-rich environment, and information technology can improve the quality of care by utilizing stored clinical data and providing decision support effectively and in a timely manner to clinicians. The necessity of clinical decision support systems is emphasized now more than ever because patient safety and nursing-sensitive outcomes in the clinical setting have become a critical issue. The purpose of this study was to explore nursing-sensitive outcomes issues related to patient safety in critical care and to understand the types and contents of clinical decision support systems that nurses desire in a clinical practice setting. Focus group interviews were conducted with 37 nurses who worked in one university hospital system in Korea. Our findings are summarized into threats to patient safety, nursing-sensitive outcomes, and the types and contents of clinical decision support systems, which are categorized into the following groups: (1) reminders, notification, alert, and warning systems; (2) point-of-care guidelines; and (3) references for information/guidelines. Nurses consistently stated that clinical decision support systems can help improve nursing outcomes by applying standardized nursing care. Our study is expected to provide a practical suggestion for developing and designing a new clinical decision support system or for refining an existing one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Choi
- College of Nursing, Nursing Policy and Research Institution, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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Choi SI, Choi R, Han SW, Park JT. Shape-Controlled Synthesis of Pt3Co Nanocrystals with High Electrocatalytic Activity toward Oxygen Reduction. Chemistry 2011; 17:12280-4. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201101138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Bersuker G, Sim JH, Young CD, Choi R, Lee BH, Lysaght P, Brown GA, Zeitzoff PM, Gardner M, Murto RW, Huff HR. Effects of Structural Properties of Hf-Based Gate Stack on Transistor Performance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-811-d2.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractElectron traps in ALD and MOCVD HfO2 and HfSiO high-k dielectrics were investigated using both conventional DC and pulse measurements. It was found that the traps in the gate stack could be associated with defects of different activation energies and capture cross-sections. This points to potentially different origins of the electrically active defects, which can be either intrinsic or process-related. Structural non-uniformity of the high-k film, associated with grain formation and phase separation, may lead to variation of electrical properties of the gate dielectric along the transistor channel. Effects of such dielectric non-uniformity, as well as electron trapping, on the measured transistor mobility were evaluated.
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Muiru A, Bosire R, Guthrie B, Choi R, Merkel M, Chohan B, Kiarie J, Lohman-Payne B, Farquhar C. P1-S5.04 HSV-2 Prevalence and Incidence among Stable HIV-1 Discordant Couples in Nairobi, Kenya. Sex Transm Infect 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050108.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Lee MY, Shim MS, Kim BH, Hong SW, Choi R, Lee EY, Nam SM, Kim GW, Shin JY, Shin YG, Chung CH. Effects of spironolactone and losartan on diabetic nephropathy in a type 2 diabetic rat model. Diabetes Metab J 2011; 35:130-7. [PMID: 21738895 PMCID: PMC3122897 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2011.35.2.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2010] [Accepted: 10/26/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While there is an evidence that the anti-inflammatory properties of spironolactone can attenuate proteinuria in type 2 diabetes, its effects on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in diabetic nephropathy have not been clearly defined. In this study, we examined the effects of spironolactone, losartan, and a combination of these two drugs on albuminuria, renal VEGF expression, and inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in a type 2 diabetic rat model. METHODS Thirty-three Otsuka-Long-Evans-Tokushima-Fatty (OLETF) rats were divided into four groups and treated with different medication regimens from weeks 25 to 50; OLETF diabetic controls (n=5), spironolactone-treated (n=10), losartan-treated (n=9), and combination of spironolactone- and losartan-treated (n=9). RESULTS At week 50, the albumin-to-creatinine ratio was significantly decreased in the losartan and combination groups compared to the control OLETF group. No decrease was detected in the spironolactone group. There was a significant reduction in renal VEGF, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, and type IV collagen mRNA levels in the spironolactone- and combination regimen-treated groups. Twenty-four hour urine monocyte chemotactic protein-1 levels were comparable in all four groups but did show a decreasing trend in the losartan and combination regimen groups. Twenty-four hour urine malondialdehyde levels were significantly decreased in the spironolactone- and combination regimen-treated groups. CONCLUSION These results suggest that losartan alone and a combined regimen of spironolactone and losartan could ameliorate albuninuria by reducing renal VEGF expression. Also, simultaneous treatment with spironolactone and losartan may have protective effects against diabetic nephropathy by decreasing TGF-β and type IV collagen expression and by reducing oxidative stress in a type 2 diabetic rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Myoung Sook Shim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Bo Hwan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Soon Won Hong
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ran Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Eun Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Soo Min Nam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sun General Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Gun Woo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Jang Yel Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Young Goo Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Choon Hee Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
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Choi I, Choi R, Lee J, Choi BG. Implementation of single source based hospital information system for the catholic medical center affiliated hospitals. Healthc Inform Res 2010; 16:133-9. [PMID: 21818432 PMCID: PMC3089864 DOI: 10.4258/hir.2010.16.2.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2010] [Accepted: 06/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The objective of this research is to introduce the unique approach of the Catholic Medical Center (CMC) integrate network hospitals with organizational and technical methodologies adopted for seamless implementation. Methods The Catholic Medical Center has developed a new hospital information system to connect network hospitals and adopted new information technology architecture which uses single source for multiple distributed hospital systems. Results The hospital information system of the CMC was developed to integrate network hospitals adopting new system development principles; one source, one route and one management. This information architecture has reduced the cost for system development and operation, and has enhanced the efficiency of the management process. Conclusions Integrating network hospital through information system was not simple; it was much more complicated than single organization implementation. We are still looking for more efficient communication channel and decision making process, and also believe that our new system architecture will be able to improve CMC health care system and provide much better quality of health care service to patients and customers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inyoung Choi
- Graduate School of Healthcare Management & Policy, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Sung JK, Koh JH, Lee MY, Kim BH, Nam SM, Kim JH, Yoo JH, Kim SH, Hong SW, Lee EY, Choi R, Chung CH. Aldose reductase inhibitor ameliorates renal vascular endothelial growth factor expression in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Yonsei Med J 2010; 51:385-91. [PMID: 20376891 PMCID: PMC2852794 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2010.51.3.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression of podocyte is one of the well-known major factors in development of diabetic nephropathy. In this study, we investigated the effects of aldose reductase inhibitor, fidarestat on diabetic nephropathy, and renal VEGF expression in a type 1 diabetic rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty four Sprague-Dawley male rats which were performed intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin and normal six rats were divided into four groups including a normal control group, untreated diabetic control group, aldose reductase (AR) inhibitor (fidarestat, 16 mg kg(-1) day(-1)) treated diabetic group, and angiotensin receptor blocker (losartan, 20 mg kg(-1) day(-1)) treated diabetic group. We checked body weights and blood glucose levels monthly and measured urine albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) at 8 and 32 weeks. We extracted the kidney to examine the renal morphology and VEGF expressions. RESULTS The ACR decreased in fidarestat and losartan treated diabetic rat groups than in untreated diabetic group (24.79 +/- 11.12, 16.11 +/- 9.95, and 84.85 +/- 91.19, p < 0.05). The renal VEGF messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression were significantly decreased in the fidarestat and losartan treated diabetic rat groups than in the diabetic control group. CONCLUSION We suggested that aldose reductase inhibitor may have preventive effect on diabetic nephropathy by reducing renal VEGF overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joong Kyung Sung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Jang Hyun Koh
- Center for Health Promotion, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Bo Hwan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Soo Min Nam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sun General Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Jin Hee Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - So Hee Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Sun Won Hong
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Ran Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Choon Hee Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
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Choi SI, Choi R, Han SW, Park JT. Synthesis and characterization of Pt9Co nanocubes with high activity for oxygen reduction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:4950-2. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc00392a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abstract
A 10-year-old male Korean domestic short-haired cat was presented with refractory lower urinary tract obstruction. The cat was treated by urethral stent placement using a self-expanding nitinol intraluminal stent (Zilver 535 biliary stents, COOK, U.S.A.) subsequent with balloon expansion. Although the cat showed 2 days of transient hematuria after the stent placement, no further obstruction was occurred after the stent placement. Follow-up studies performed at monthly intervals have found no re-stenosis or particular complications, to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Choi
- Section of Small Animal Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
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Choi R, Lee SK, Moon HS, Park IC, Hyun C. Ebstein's anomaly with an atrial septal defect in a jindo dog. Can Vet J 2009; 50:405-410. [PMID: 19436450 PMCID: PMC2657525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A 7-month-old, female jindo dog was presented with severe ascites, cyanosis, and exercise intolerance. Diagnostic imaging studies revealed Ebstein's anomaly with an atrial septal defect. The dog was managed medically with inotropics, diuretics, and vasodilators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Changbaig Hyun
- Address all correspondence to Dr. Changbaig Hyun; e-mail:
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Park IC, Lee HS, Kim JT, Nam SJ, Choi R, Oh KS, Son CH, Hyun C. Ultrasonographic evaluation of renal dimension and resistive index in clinically healthy Korean domestic short-hair cats. J Vet Sci 2009; 9:415-9. [PMID: 19043318 PMCID: PMC2811784 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2008.9.4.415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal length, height, width, resistive index (RI), size of cortex, and medulla were determined by renal ultrasonography in 50 healthy Korean domestic short-hair cats. In the sagittal plane, the renal length was 3.83 ± 0.51 cm (mean ± SD) in the left kidney and 3.96 ± 0.48 cm in the right kidney, whereas the renal height was 2.42 ± 0.27 cm in the left kidney and 2.36 ± 0.28 cm in the right kidney. In the transverse plane, the renal height was 2.42 ± 0.28 cm in the left kidney and 2.38 ± 0.27 cm in the right kidney, whereas the renal width was: 2.65 ± 0.35 cm in the left kidney and 2.63 ± 0.31 cm in the right kidney. In the dorsal plane, the renal length was 3.84 ± 0.53 cm in the left kidney and 3.97 ± 0.54 cm in the right kidney, whereas the renal width was 2.65 ± 0.34 cm in the left kidney and 2.66 ± 0.33 cm in the right kidney. There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) among the same structure sizes measured in different planes. In the sagittal plane, the size of the renal cortex was 0.47 ± 0.08 cm in the left kidney and 0.47 ± 0.08 cm in the right kidney, whereas of the size of the renal medulla was 0.55 ± 0.30 cm in the left kidney and 0.50 ± 0.07 cm in the right kidney. RI evaluated by pulsed wave Doppler sonography was 0.52 ± 0.05 in the left kidney and 0.55 ± 0.05 in the right kidney. The actual renal dimensions determined by gross examination were not statistically different from those determined by ultrasonography. Furthermore the renal dimensions and RI were statistically correlated to the body weight of cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Chul Park
- Section of Diagnostic Imaging, School of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 201-100, Korea
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Moon HS, Lee SA, Lee SG, Choi R, Jeoung SY, Kim D, Hyun C. Comparison of the pathogenicity in three different Korean canine parvovirus 2 (CPV-2) isolates. Vet Microbiol 2008; 131:47-56. [PMID: 18400421 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2008] [Revised: 02/25/2008] [Accepted: 02/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) is a major pathogen inducing acute hemorrhagic gastroenteritis in dogs. Despite the identification of numerous CPV-2 variants (from CPV-2a to CPV-2c), the pathogenic differences among the CPV-2 variants in dogs have not been evaluated. The aim of this study was to compare the pathogenicity of CPV-2 variants (CPV-2a-I, CPV-2a-V and CPV-2b) isolated mainly from Korea. We evaluated the pathogenicity of three different CPV-2 variants, by performing clinical, hematological, serological and histopathological examinations after experimentally inoculating three types of CPV-2 variants into young puppies. We found that the overall pathogenicity of the CPV-2a variants (CPV-2a-I and 2a-V) was severer compared to the CPV-2b variant. In addition, there was no significant difference in pathogenicity between the two CPV-2a variants. Our findings indicate that there are differences in the pathogenicity of CPV-2 variants in dogs, which may be useful to understand the different pathobiology of the CPV-2 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-S Moon
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 201-100, Republic of Korea
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Naoi Y, Ikeda K, Hama T, Ono K, Choi R, Fukumoto T, Nishino K, Sakai S, Lee SM, Koike M. Blue light emitting diode fabricated on a-plane GaN film over r-sapphire substrate and on a-plane bulk GaN substrate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/pssc.200674826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Ibarrondo FJ, Choi R, Geng YZ, Canon J, Rey O, Baldwin GC, Krogstad P. HIV type 1 Gag and nucleocapsid proteins: cytoskeletal localization and effects on cell motility. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2001; 17:1489-500. [PMID: 11709093 DOI: 10.1089/08892220152644197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell motility is likely to play a pivotal role in HIV infection by promoting the dissemination of infected cells. On the basis of observations indicating an interaction between HIV-1 Gag and target cell filamentous actin, we hypothesized that these interactions would promote cell motility of HIV-infected cells. Indeed, we have found that HIV-1 infection enhances the chemotactic response of macrophages. To specifically investigate the significance of the interactions between Gag and cellular actin, we transfected NIH 3T3 fibroblasts and HeLa cells with a construct that permits the expression of HIV-1 Gag in the absence of any other viral protein. Fractionation experiments showed that Gag was present in cytoskeletal fraction containing long actin filaments and in a high-speed postcytoskeletal fraction with short actin filaments. We have also localized HIV-1 Gag to the lamellipodia of chemoattractant-stimulated cells. Significantly, the motility of Gag-expressing cells was enhanced in chemotaxis assays. In vitro mutagenesis experiments showed that HIV-1 Gag binds filamentous actin through the nucleocapsid domain (NC). An NC-green fluorescent protein fusion had the same cellular distribution as the complete protein, and its expression increased cell motility. These data suggest that interactions between HIV-1 Gag and actin in infected cells enhance cell motility. Ultimately this enhanced motility of infected cells could promote the dissemination of virus into the brain and other tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Ibarrondo
- Department of Pediatrics, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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Choi R, Raskin KB. Rotatory subluxation of the scaphoid. Bull Hosp Jt Dis 2001; 59:197-200. [PMID: 11409238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Rotatory subluxation of the scaphoid remains a challenging problem; a thorough understanding of the basic anatomy, particularly the ligament complexes of the wrist, as well as wrist kinematics are required for the proper diagnosis and treatment. Our understanding of rotatory subluxation of the scaphoid has improved over the years and continues to expand.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Choi
- Hand Service, NYU-Hospital for Joint Diseases, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York, New York, USA
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Wilson SE, Mohan RR, Hong JW, Lee JS, Choi R, Mohan RR. The wound healing response after laser in situ keratomileusis and photorefractive keratectomy: elusive control of biological variability and effect on custom laser vision correction. Arch Ophthalmol 2001; 119:889-96. [PMID: 11405841 DOI: 10.1001/archopht.119.6.889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Biological diversity in the wound healing response is thought to be a major factor limiting the predictability of the outcome of refractive surgical procedures such as laser in situ keratomileusis and photorefractive keratectomy. Corneal wound healing is critical to the success of topography-linked or wave front-linked excimer laser ablation to optimize visual performance. This is because of the importance of retaining subtle features of custom ablation and the tendency of epithelial hyperplasia and stromal remodeling to obscure these features following either procedure. The corneal wound healing response is exceedingly complex. Keratocyte apoptosis, which occurs in response to epithelial injury, is the earliest observable event in the wound healing cascades and is therefore an excellent target for pharmacological intervention. Alterations of surgical technique can be designed to limit keratocyte apoptosis and the subsequent events in corneal wound healing. Abnormalities of the cascades could contribute to the pathogenesis of corneal diseases. For example, recent data have suggested that perturbation of the keratocyte apoptosis/mitosis balance could underlie the development of keratoconus in a proportion of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Wilson
- Department of Ophthalmology, Box 356485, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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