1
|
Reese L, Niepmann ST, Düsing P, Hänschke L, Beiert T, Zimmer S, Nickenig G, Bauer R, Jansen F, Zietzer A. Loss of ceramide synthase 5 inhibits the development of experimentally induced aortic valve stenosis. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14140. [PMID: 38546351 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/24/2024]
Abstract
AIM Inflammation and calcification are hallmarks in the development of aortic valve stenosis (AVS). Ceramides mediate inflammation and calcification in the vascular tissue. The highly abundant d18:1,16:0 ceramide (C16) has been linked to increased cardiovascular mortality and obesity. In this study, we investigate the role of ceramide synthase 5 (CerS5), a critical enzyme for C16 ceramide synthesis, in the development of AVS, particularly in conjunction with a high-fat/high-cholesterol diet (Western diet, WD). METHODS We used wild-type (WT) and CerS5-/- mice on WD or normal chow in a wire injury model. We measured the peak velocity to determine AVS development and performed histological analysis of the aortic valve area, immune cell infiltration (CD68 staining), and calcification (von Kossa). In vitro experiments involved measuring the calcification of human aortic valvular interstitial cells (VICs) and evaluating cytokine release from THP-1 cells, a human leukemia monocytic-like cell line, following CerS5 knockdown. RESULTS CerS5-/- mice showed a reduced peak velocity compared to WT only in the experiment with WD. Likewise, we observed reduced immune cell infiltration and calcification in the aortic valve of CerS5-/- mice, but only on WD. In vitro, calcification was reduced after knockdown of CerS5 in VICs, while THP-1 cells exhibited a decreased inflammatory response following CerS5 knockdown. CONCLUSION We conclude that CerS5 is an important mediator for the development of AVS in mice on WD and regulates critical pathophysiological hallmarks of AVS formation. CerS5 is therefore an interesting target for pharmacological therapy and merits further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurine Reese
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sven Thomas Niepmann
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Philip Düsing
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lea Hänschke
- Life & Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), Genetics & Molecular Physiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Beiert
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zimmer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Georg Nickenig
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Life & Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), Genetics & Molecular Physiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Felix Jansen
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Zietzer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Helbing DL, Haas F, Cirri E, Rahnis N, Dau TTD, Kelmer Sacramento E, Oraha N, Böhm L, Lajqi T, Fehringer P, Morrison H, Bauer R. Impact of inflammatory preconditioning on murine microglial proteome response induced by focal ischemic brain injury. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1227355. [PMID: 38655254 PMCID: PMC11036884 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1227355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Preconditioning with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces neuroprotection against subsequent cerebral ischemic injury, mainly involving innate immune pathways. Microglia are resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS) that respond early to danger signals through memory-like differential reprogramming. However, the cell-specific molecular mechanisms underlying preconditioning are not fully understood. To elucidate the distinct molecular mechanisms of preconditioning on microglia, we compared these cell-specific proteomic profiles in response to LPS preconditioning and without preconditioning and subsequent transient focal brain ischemia and reperfusion, - using an established mouse model of transient focal brain ischemia and reperfusion. A proteomic workflow, based on isolated microglia obtained from mouse brains by cell sorting and coupled to mass spectrometry for identification and quantification, was applied. Our data confirm that LPS preconditioning induces marked neuroprotection, as indicated by a significant reduction in brain infarct volume. The established brain cell separation method was suitable for obtaining an enriched microglial cell fraction for valid proteomic analysis. The results show a significant impact of LPS preconditioning on microglial proteome patterns by type I interferons, presumably driven by the interferon cluster regulator proteins signal transducer and activator of transcription1/2 (STAT1/2).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dario Lucas Helbing
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Center for Intervention and Research on Adaptive and Maladaptive Brain Circuits Underlying Mental Health (C-I-R-C), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Jena, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Site Halle-Jena-Magdeburg, Jena, Germany
| | - Fabienne Haas
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Emilio Cirri
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Norman Rahnis
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | | | | | - Nova Oraha
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Leopold Böhm
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
- Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Bundeswehr Central Hospital Koblenz, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Trim Lajqi
- Department of Neonatology, Heidelberg University Children’s Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pascal Fehringer
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Helen Morrison
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich-Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gimeno-Ferrer F, Eitner A, Bauer R, Lehmenkühler A, Schaible HG, Richter F. Cortical spreading depolarization is a potential target for rat brain excitability modulation by Galanin. Exp Neurol 2023; 370:114569. [PMID: 37827229 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
The inhibitory neuropeptide Galanin (Gal) has been shown to mediate anticonvulsion and neuroprotection. Here we investigated whether Gal affects cortical spreading depolarization (CSD). CSD is considered the pathophysiological neuronal mechanism of migraine aura, and a neuronal mechanism aggravating brain damage upon afflictions of the brain. Immunohistochemistry localized Gal and the Gal receptors 1-3 (GalR1-3) in native rat cortex and evaluated microglial morphology after exposure to Gal. In anesthetized rats, Gal was applied alone and together with the GalR antagonists M40, M871, or SNAP 37889 locally to the exposed cortex. The spontaneous electrocorticogram and CSDs evoked by remote KCl pressure microinjection were measured. In rat cortex, Gal was present in all neurons of all cortical layers, but not in astrocytes, microglia and vessels. GalR2 and GalR3 were expressed throughout all neurons, whereas GalR1 was preponderantly located at neurons in layers IV and V, but only in about half of the neurons. In susceptible rats, topical application of Gal on cortex decreased CSD amplitude, slowed CSD propagation velocity, and increased the threshold for KCl to ignite CSD. In some rats, washout of previously applied Gal induced periods of epileptiform patterns in the electrocorticogram. Blockade of GalR2 by M871 robustly prevented all Gal effects on CSD, whereas blockade of GalR1 or GalR3 was less effective. Although microglia did not express GalRs, topical application of Gal changed microglial morphology indicating microglial activation. This effect of Gal on microglia was prevented by blocking neuronal GalR2. In conclusion, Gal has the potential to ameliorate CSD thus reducing pathophysiological neuronal events caused by or associated with CSD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Gimeno-Ferrer
- Institute of Physiology 1/Neurophysiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena D-07740, Germany
| | - Annett Eitner
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Experimental Trauma Surgery, Jena University Hospital, Jena D-07740, Germany
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, CMB-Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena D-07740, Germany
| | | | - Hans-Georg Schaible
- Institute of Physiology 1/Neurophysiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena D-07740, Germany
| | - Frank Richter
- Institute of Physiology 1/Neurophysiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena D-07740, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Helbing DL, Kirkpatrick JM, Reuter M, Bischoff J, Stockdale A, Carlstedt A, Cirri E, Bauer R, Morrison H. Proteomic analysis of peripheral nerve myelin during murine aging. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1214003. [PMID: 37964793 PMCID: PMC10642449 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1214003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) is associated with structural and functional changes that lead to a reduction in regenerative capacity and the development of age-related peripheral neuropathy. Myelin is central to maintaining physiological peripheral nerve function and differences in myelin maintenance, degradation, formation and clearance have been suggested to contribute to age-related PNS changes. Recent proteomic studies have elucidated the complex composition of the total myelin proteome in health and its changes in neuropathy models. However, changes in the myelin proteome of peripheral nerves during aging have not been investigated. Here we show that the proteomes of myelin fractions isolated from young and old nerves show only subtle changes. In particular, we found that the three most abundant peripheral myelin proteins (MPZ, MBP, and PRX) do not change in old myelin fractions. We also show a tendency for high-abundance myelin proteins other than these three to be downregulated, with only a small number of ribosome-related proteins significantly downregulated and extracellular matrix proteins such as collagens upregulated. In addition, we illustrate that the peripheral nerve myelin proteome reported in this study is suitable for assessing myelin degradation and renewal during peripheral nerve degeneration and regeneration. Our results suggest that the peripheral nerve myelin proteome is relatively stable and undergoes only subtle changes in composition during mouse aging. We proffer the resultant dataset as a resource and starting point for future studies aimed at investigating peripheral nerve myelin during aging. Said datasets are available in the PRIDE archive under the identifier PXD040719 (aging myelin proteome) and PXD041026 (sciatic nerve injury proteome).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dario Lucas Helbing
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Center for Intervention and Research on Adaptive and Maladaptive Brain Circuits Underlying Mental Health (C-I-R-C), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Jena, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Michael Reuter
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Julia Bischoff
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Amy Stockdale
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Emilio Cirri
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Helen Morrison
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ammar RM, Pferschy-Wenzig EM, Van den Abbeele P, Verstrepen L, Ghyselinck J, Thumann T, Bauer R. Possible role of the gut microbiome in mediating the beneficial effects of the six-herbal formulation STW 5-II on digestive health. Phytomedicine 2023; 119:154996. [PMID: 37595389 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND STW 5-II is a combination of six herbal extracts with clinically proven efficacy in functional dyspepsia (FD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). STW 5-II contains a wide variety of secondary plant constituents that may interact with the human gut microbiome. In addition to complex carbohydrates, secondary plant metabolites, such as polyphenols, are known to exert prebiotic-like effects. PURPOSE This study aimed to assess the bidirectional interactions between STW 5-II and the human gut microbiome. METHODS STW 5-II was incubated with human fecal microbiota in a short-term colonic model. In the samples, the impact of STW 5-II on microbial fermentation capacity (pH, gas production), short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, and microbial composition (Illumina 16S rRNA gene sequencing) was analyzed. In addition, the biotransformation of STW 5-II constituents by the fecal microbiota was assessed by UHPLCHRMS-based metabolite profiling. Furthermore, Caco-2/THP1 co-culture assay was used to explore the effect on gut barrier integrity and inflammatory markers. RESULTS Fermentation of STW 5-II by fecal microbiota led to consistent changes in pH and gas production and increased production of SCFAs (acetate, propionate, and butyrate). STW 5-II promoted the enrichment of Bifidobacteriaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae, Erysipelotrichaceae, and Eggerthellaceae and suppressed the growth of pathogenic species from the Enterobacteriaceae family. In Caco2/THP1 culture, treatment with STW 5-II-incubated samples resulted in significantly increased transepithelial electrical resistance, indicating enhanced barrier function. Among inflammatory markers, STW 5-II-incubated samples increased LPS-induced secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, as well as NF-κB activity, and significantly decreased the secretion of the pro-inflammatory chemokine MCP-1. UHPLCHRMS analysis identified 110 constituents of STW 5-II with changed levels during incubation with fecal microbiota: 63 constituents that were metabolized, 22 intermittently increased metabolites, and 25 final metabolites, including compounds with established anti-inflammatory activity, such as 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid. CONCLUSION These findings indicate a microbiome-mediated digestive health-promoting effect of STW 5-II via three different routes, namely enhanced microbial SCFA production, microbial production of potentially bioactive metabolites from STW 5-II constituents, and prebiotic-like action by promoting the proliferation/growth of beneficial bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R M Ammar
- Bayer Consumer Health, Steigerwald Arzneimittelwerk GmbH, Havelstraße 5, 64295 Darmstadt, Germany; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr-El Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - E M Pferschy-Wenzig
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Graz, Beethovenstrasse 8, 8010 Graz, Austria; BioTechMed, Mozartgasse 12, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | | | - L Verstrepen
- ProDigest BV, Technologiepark 82, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - J Ghyselinck
- ProDigest BV, Technologiepark 82, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - T Thumann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Graz, Beethovenstrasse 8, 8010 Graz, Austria; BioTechMed, Mozartgasse 12, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - R Bauer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Graz, Beethovenstrasse 8, 8010 Graz, Austria; BioTechMed, Mozartgasse 12, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Frasch MG, Yoon BJ, Helbing DL, Snir G, Antonelli MC, Bauer R. Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Neuro-Immunometabolic Hypothesis of the Developmental Origins. Biology (Basel) 2023; 12:914. [PMID: 37508346 PMCID: PMC10375982 DOI: 10.3390/biology12070914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Fetal neuroinflammation and prenatal stress (PS) may contribute to lifelong neurological disabilities. Astrocytes and microglia, among the brain's non-neuronal "glia" cell populations, play a pivotal role in neurodevelopment and predisposition to and initiation of disease throughout lifespan. One of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders manifesting between 1-4 years of age is the autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A pathological glial-neuronal interplay is thought to increase the risk for clinical manifestation of ASD in at-risk children, but the mechanisms remain poorly understood, and integrative, multi-scale models are needed. We propose a model that integrates the data across the scales of physiological organization, from genome to phenotype, and provides a foundation to explain the disparate findings on the genomic level. We hypothesize that via gene-environment interactions, fetal neuroinflammation and PS may reprogram glial immunometabolic phenotypes that impact neurodevelopment and neurobehavior. Drawing on genomic data from the recently published series of ovine and rodent glial transcriptome analyses with fetuses exposed to neuroinflammation or PS, we conducted an analysis on the Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative (SFARI) Gene database. We confirmed 21 gene hits. Using unsupervised statistical network analysis, we then identified six clusters of probable protein-protein interactions mapping onto the immunometabolic and stress response networks and epigenetic memory. These findings support our hypothesis. We discuss the implications for ASD etiology, early detection, and novel therapeutic approaches. We conclude with delineation of the next steps to verify our model on the individual gene level in an assumption-free manner. The proposed model is of interest for the multidisciplinary community of stakeholders engaged in ASD research, the development of novel pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments, early prevention, and detection as well as for policy makers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin G Frasch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Center on Human Development and Disability, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Byung-Jun Yoon
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Dario Lucas Helbing
- Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, 07747 Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07747 Jena, Germany
- Center for Intervention and Research on Adaptive and Maladaptive Brain Circuits Underlying Mental Health (C-I-R-C), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Gal Snir
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Marta C Antonelli
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Prof. Eduardo De Robertis", Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1121, Argentina
- Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 2 a, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, 07747 Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lajqi T, Köstlin-Gille N, Bauer R, Zarogiannis SG, Lajqi E, Ajeti V, Dietz S, Kranig SA, Rühle J, Demaj A, Hebel J, Bartosova M, Frommhold D, Hudalla H, Gille C. Training vs. Tolerance: The Yin/Yang of the Innate Immune System. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030766. [PMID: 36979747 PMCID: PMC10045728 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
For almost nearly a century, memory functions have been attributed only to acquired immune cells. Lately, this paradigm has been challenged by an increasing number of studies revealing that innate immune cells are capable of exhibiting memory-like features resulting in increased responsiveness to subsequent challenges, a process known as trained immunity (known also as innate memory). In contrast, the refractory state of endotoxin tolerance has been defined as an immunosuppressive state of myeloid cells portrayed by a significant reduction in the inflammatory capacity. Both training as well tolerance as adaptive features are reported to be accompanied by epigenetic and metabolic alterations occurring in cells. While training conveys proper protection against secondary infections, the induction of endotoxin tolerance promotes repairing mechanisms in the cells. Consequently, the inappropriate induction of these adaptive cues may trigger maladaptive effects, promoting an increased susceptibility to secondary infections—tolerance, or contribute to the progression of the inflammatory disorder—trained immunity. This review aims at the discussion of these opposing manners of innate immune and non-immune cells, describing the molecular, metabolic and epigenetic mechanisms involved and interpreting the clinical implications in various inflammatory pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trim Lajqi
- Department of Neonatology, Heidelberg University Children’s Hospital, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: (T.L.); (C.G.)
| | - Natascha Köstlin-Gille
- Department of Neonatology, Heidelberg University Children’s Hospital, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neonatology, University of Tübingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Sotirios G. Zarogiannis
- Department of Physiology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, GR-41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Esra Lajqi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Valdrina Ajeti
- Department of Pharmacy, Alma Mater Europaea—Campus College Rezonanca, XK-10000 Pristina, Kosovo
| | - Stefanie Dietz
- Department of Neonatology, Heidelberg University Children’s Hospital, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neonatology, University of Tübingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Simon A. Kranig
- Department of Neonatology, Heidelberg University Children’s Hospital, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jessica Rühle
- Department of Neonatology, University of Tübingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ardian Demaj
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Tetovo, MK-1200 Tetova, North Macedonia
| | - Janine Hebel
- Department of Neonatology, University of Tübingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Maria Bartosova
- Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Frommhold
- Klinik für Kinderheilkunde und Jugendmedizin, D-87700 Memmingen, Germany
| | - Hannes Hudalla
- Department of Neonatology, Heidelberg University Children’s Hospital, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Gille
- Department of Neonatology, Heidelberg University Children’s Hospital, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: (T.L.); (C.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Heiss J, Grün K, Tempel L, Matasci M, Schrepper A, Schwarzer M, Bauer R, Förster M, Berndt A, Jung C, Schulze PC, Neri D, Franz M. Targeted Interleukin-9 delivery in pulmonary hypertension: Comparison of immunocytokine formats and effector cell study. Eur J Clin Invest 2023; 53:e13907. [PMID: 36377348 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is accompanied by pulmonary vascular remodelling. By targeted delivery of Interleukin-9 (IL9) via the immunocytokine F8IL9, beneficial effects could be demonstrated in a mouse model of PH. This study aimed to compare two immunocytokine formats (single-chain Fv and full IgG) and to identify potential target cells of IL9. METHODS The Monocrotaline mouse model of PH (PH, n = 12) was chosen to evaluate the treatment effects of F8IL9F8 (n = 12) and F8IgGIL9 (n = 6) compared with sham-induced animals (control, n = 10), the dual endothelin receptor antagonist Macitentan (MAC, n = 12) or IL9-based immunocytokines with irrelevant antigen specificity (KSFIL9KSF, n = 12; KSFIgGIL9 n = 6). Besides comparative validation of treatment effects, the study was focused on the detection and quantification of mast cells (MCs) and regulatory T cells (Tregs). RESULTS There was a significantly elevated systolic right ventricular pressure (104 ± 36 vs. 45 ± 17 mmHg) and an impairment of right ventricular echocardiographic parameters (RVbasal: 2.52 ± 0.25 vs. 1.94 ± 0.13 mm) in untreated PH compared with controls (p < 0.05). Only the groups treated with F8IL9, irrespective of the format, showed consistent beneficial effects (p < 0.05). Moreover, F8IL9F8 but not F8IgGIL9 treatment significantly reduced lung tissue damage compared with untreated PH mice (p < 0.05). There was a significant increase in Tregs in F8IL9-treated compared with control animals, the untreated PH and the MAC group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Beneficial treatment effects of targeted IL9 delivery in a preclinical model of PH could be convincingly validated. IL9-mediated recruitment of Tregs into lung tissue might play a crucial role in the induction of anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative mechanisms potentially contributing to a novel disease-modifying concept.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judith Heiss
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany.,Else Kröner Graduate School for Medical Students "JSAM", Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Katja Grün
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Laura Tempel
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Andrea Schrepper
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Schwarzer
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Martin Förster
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Alexander Berndt
- Section Pathology, Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Jung
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | | | - Marcus Franz
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Reese L, Haenschke L, Niepmann ST, Bulic M, Duesing P, Zimmer S, Nickenig G, Bauer R, Jansen F, Zietzer A. Loss of ceramide synthase 5 reduces the development of aortic valve stenosis in mice with high fat diet. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Ceramide synthase 5 (CerS5) is essential to maintain C:16 ceramide levels in mice. Ceramides contribute to inflammation and calcification, two hallmarks of aortic valve stenosis development. It is known, that loss of CerS5 function reduces diet-induced obesity.
Purpose
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ceramide synthase 5 and high-fat diet on the development of aortic valve stenosis with a mouse model.
Methods
Our experiment consists of four groups of mice: Wild type (WT) and CerS5 (−/−) mice, with normal and high fat diet. We induced the aortic valve stenosis development through a wire-injury. For this model, a coronary angiography wire is introduced into the left ventricle over the right carotid artery, followed by rotation on the aortic valve level to generate a defined injury. Development of aortic valve stenosis was determined by measuring the peak velocity 14, 28 and 42 days after the wire-injury. With histological analysis of the aortic valve, we measured macrophage infiltration with CD68 immunostaining and calcification using von Kossa staining. For statistical analysis ANOVA and Turkeys multiple comparisons were performed.
Results
Histological analysis of the aortic valve revealed, that in CerS5 (−/−) mice with high fat diet (HFD) immune cell infiltration is reduced, while there is no difference between CerS5 (−/−) mice and wild type, when fed with normal diet (A). Also calcification showed a trend towards a reduction in CerS5 mice with high fat diet, but was not statistically significant (B). Echocardiography could detect a reduced peak velocity of CerS5 mice with high fat diet, in comparison to the other groups, four and six weeks after wire injury (C).
Conclusion
Our experiments indicate that loss of CerS5 function reduces the development of aortic valve stenosis in mice with high fat diet, by decreasing immune cell infiltration and calcification. Interestingly, in the groups with normal chow, loss of CerS5 function had no effect. In addition, high-fat diet alone had no negative effect in our mouse model. Based on our results it can be assumed that upon high fat diet CerS5 mediates for pro-inflammatory effects in the aortic valve, which are absent on normal diet.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Ernst & Berta Grimmke Foundation (13/19)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Reese
- University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany
| | - L Haenschke
- LIMES-Life & Medical Sciences Institute, Developmental Genetics & Molecular Physiology , Bonn , Germany
| | | | - M Bulic
- University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany
| | - P Duesing
- University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany
| | - S Zimmer
- University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany
| | - G Nickenig
- University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany
| | - R Bauer
- LIMES-Life & Medical Sciences Institute, Developmental Genetics & Molecular Physiology , Bonn , Germany
| | - F Jansen
- University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany
| | - A Zietzer
- University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Schacke S, Kirkpatrick J, Stocksdale A, Bauer R, Hagel C, Riecken LB, Morrison H. Ezrin deficiency triggers glial fibrillary acidic protein upregulation and a distinct reactive astrocyte phenotype. Glia 2022; 70:2309-2329. [PMID: 35929192 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Astrocytes are increasingly being recognized as contributors to physiological brain function and behavior. Astrocytes engage in glia-synaptic interactions through peripheral astrocyte processes, thus modulating synaptic signaling, for example, by handling glutamate removal from the synaptic cleft and (re)provision to axonal terminals. Peripheral astrocyte processes are ultrafine membrane protrusions rich in the membrane-to-actin cytoskeleton linker Ezrin, an essential component of in vitro filopodia formation and in vivo peripheral astrocyte process motility. Consequently, it has been postulated that Ezrin significantly contributes to neurodevelopment as well as astrocyte functions within the adult brain. However, while Ezrin has been studied in vitro within cultured primary astrocytes, in vivo studies on the role of Ezrin in astrocytes remain to be conducted and consequences of its depletion to be studied. Here, we investigated consequences of Ezrin deletion in the mouse brain starting from early neuronal specification. While Ezrin knockout did not impact prenatal cerebral cortex development, behavioral phenotyping depicted reduced exploratory behavior. Starting with postnatal appearance of glia cells, Ezrin was verified to remain predominantly expressed in astrocytes. Proteome analysis of Ezrin deficient astrocytes revealed alterations in glutamate and ion homeostasis, metabolism and cell morphology - important processes for synaptic signal transmission. Notably, Ezrin deletion in astrocytes provoked (GFAP) glial fibrillary acidic protein upregulation - a marker of astrocyte activation and reactive astrogliosis. However, this spontaneous, reactive astrogliosis exhibited proteome changes distinct from ischemic-induced reactive astrogliosis. Moreover, in experimental ischemic stroke, Ezrin knockout mice displayed reduced infarct volume, indicating a protective effect of the Ezrin deletion-induced changes and astrogliosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Schacke
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Amy Stocksdale
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, CMB, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Hagel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Helen Morrison
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany.,Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich-Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Paradis M, Kucharowski N, Edwards Faret G, Maya Palacios SJ, Meyer C, Stümpges B, Jamitzky I, Kalinowski J, Thiele C, Bauer R, Paululat A, Sellin J, Bülow MH. The ER protein Creld regulates ER-mitochondria contact dynamics and respiratory complex 1 activity. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabo0155. [PMID: 35867795 PMCID: PMC9307246 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abo0155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic contacts are formed between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria that enable the exchange of calcium and phospholipids. Disturbed contacts between ER and mitochondria impair mitochondrial dynamics and are a molecular hallmark of Parkinson's disease, which is also characterized by impaired complex I activity and dopaminergic neuron degeneration. Here, we analyzed the role of cysteine-rich with EGF-like domain (Creld), a poorly characterized risk gene for Parkinson's disease, in the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics and function. We found that loss of Creld leads to mitochondrial hyperfusion and reduced ROS signaling in Drosophila melanogaster, Xenopus tropicalis, and human cells. Creld fly mutants show differences in ER-mitochondria contacts and reduced respiratory complex I activity. The resulting low-hydrogen peroxide levels are linked to disturbed neuronal activity and lead to impaired locomotion, but not neurodegeneration, in Creld mutants. We conclude that Creld regulates ER-mitochondria communication and thereby hydrogen peroxide formation, which is required for normal neuron function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Paradis
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Straße 31, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Nicole Kucharowski
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Straße 31, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Gabriela Edwards Faret
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Straße 31, 53115 Bonn, Germany
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Christian Meyer
- Department of Zoology and Developmental Biology, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 11, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Birgit Stümpges
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Straße 31, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Isabell Jamitzky
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Straße 31, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Julia Kalinowski
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Straße 31, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Thiele
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Straße 31, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Straße 31, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Achim Paululat
- Department of Zoology and Developmental Biology, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 11, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Julia Sellin
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Straße 31, 53115 Bonn, Germany
- Institute for Digitalization and General Medicine, University Hospital Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen
| | - Margret Helene Bülow
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Straße 31, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Helbing DL, Stabenow LK, Bauer R. Mouse sepsis models: don't forget ambient temperature! Intensive Care Med Exp 2022; 10:29. [PMID: 35773503 PMCID: PMC9247123 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-022-00457-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dario Lucas Helbing
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Reinhard Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lohberger B, Kaltenegger H, Eck N, Glänzer D, Leithner A, Bauer R, Kretschmer N, Steinecker-Frohnwieser B. AB0048 THE SUPPRESSION OF INFLAMMATORY PROCESSES AND MODULATION OF MAPK SIGNALING BY SHIKONIN DERIVATIVES IN PRIMARY OA CHONDROCYTES. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.1544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundOsteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common joint disorders and is characterized by the degeneration and loss of articular cartilage with chronic arthritis of the joint edge and subchondral bone. OA is causally influenced by several factors, including age, gender, familial susceptibility, as well as local biomechanics, cartilage cell apoptosis, and the action of degenerative enzymes. Despite intensive research, there are still few effective therapeutic approaches.ObjectivesIn the rat OA model, shikonin was shown to inhibit inflammatory processes and chondrocyte apoptosis by regulating the PI3K/AKT pathway. Therefore, we investigated the effect of shikonin and its derivatives acetylshikonin and cyclopropylshikonin on inflammation, MMP expression, and regulation of MAPK signaling in human OA chondrocytes.MethodsViability was analyzed using the CellTiter 96 AQueous Luminescence Assay on human healthy chondrocytes (HC) and primary OA chondrocytes (pCH-OA). For the study of inflammatory processes, we performed a proteome profile screening assay. As MAPK signaling pathways play a key role in cartilage destruction in OA, we analyzed the effects of shikonin and its derivatives using protein expression analysis of the phosphorylation pattern and the corresponding downstream gene regulation using RT-qPCR.ResultsBoth HC and pCH-OA showed a dose-dependent inhibition of cell viability after treatment with shikonin derivatives, whereby the strongest effects were found for shikonin with IC50 values of 1.2 µM and 1.3 µM, respectively. Shikonin counteracts inflammatory response caused by IL-1β by massively reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators.Phosphorylation level of ERK changed slightly, pJNK and pp38 showed a significant increase after treatment with the shikonin derivatives both in HC and pCH-OA cells. The downstream targets c/EBPs and MEF2c may play a role in the homeostasis of joint cartilage under physiological and pathological conditions. The phosphorylation level of STAT3 significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner after treatment. STAT3 blockade has a chondroprotective function through a regulation of cyclin D1 or Sox9.ConclusionOur results demonstrate for the first time that shikonin and its derivatives acetylshikonin and cyclopropylshikonin have extensive effects on inflammatory processes, MAPKs, and IL6/STAT3 downstream regulation in human healthy chondrocytes and primary OA chondrocytes.ReferencesnoneDisclosure of InterestsNone declared
Collapse
|
14
|
McNally BD, Ashley DF, Hänschke L, Daou HN, Watt NT, Murfitt SA, MacCannell ADV, Whitehead A, Bowen TS, Sanders FWB, Vacca M, Witte KK, Davies GR, Bauer R, Griffin JL, Roberts LD. Long-chain ceramides are cell non-autonomous signals linking lipotoxicity to endoplasmic reticulum stress in skeletal muscle. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1748. [PMID: 35365625 PMCID: PMC8975934 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29363-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) regulates cellular protein and lipid biosynthesis. ER dysfunction leads to protein misfolding and the unfolded protein response (UPR), which limits protein synthesis to prevent cytotoxicity. Chronic ER stress in skeletal muscle is a unifying mechanism linking lipotoxicity to metabolic disease. Unidentified signals from cells undergoing ER stress propagate paracrine and systemic UPR activation. Here, we induce ER stress and lipotoxicity in myotubes. We observe ER stress-inducing lipid cell non-autonomous signal(s). Lipidomics identifies that palmitate-induced cell stress induces long-chain ceramide 40:1 and 42:1 secretion. Ceramide synthesis through the ceramide synthase 2 de novo pathway is regulated by UPR kinase Perk. Inactivation of CerS2 in mice reduces systemic and muscle ceramide signals and muscle UPR activation. The ceramides are packaged into extracellular vesicles, secreted and induce UPR activation in naïve myotubes through dihydroceramide accumulation. This study furthers our understanding of ER stress by identifying UPR-inducing cell non-autonomous signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ben D McNally
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Dean F Ashley
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Lea Hänschke
- Life & Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES) Development, Genetics & Molecular Physiology Unit, University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Straße, 31, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hélène N Daou
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Nicole T Watt
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Steven A Murfitt
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK
| | | | - Anna Whitehead
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - T Scott Bowen
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | | | - Michele Vacca
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK.,Clinica Medica "Frugoni", Interdisciplinar Department of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Klaus K Witte
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Graeme R Davies
- Bioscience Metabolism, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Life & Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES) Development, Genetics & Molecular Physiology Unit, University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Straße, 31, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Julian L Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK.,Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Lee D Roberts
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hänschke L, Heier C, Maya Palacios SJ, Özek HE, Thiele C, Bauer R, Kühnlein RP, Bülow MH. Drosophila Lipase 3 Mediates the Metabolic Response to Starvation and Aging. Front Aging 2022; 3:800153. [PMID: 35821816 PMCID: PMC9261307 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.800153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The human LIPA gene encodes for the enzyme lysosomal acid lipase, which hydrolyzes cholesteryl ester and triacylglycerol. Lysosomal acid lipase deficiency results in Wolman disease and cholesteryl ester storage disease. The Drosophila genome encodes for two LIPA orthologs, Magro and Lipase 3. Magro is a gut lipase that hydrolyzes triacylglycerides, while Lipase 3 lacks characterization based on mutant phenotypes. We found previously that Lipase 3 transcription is highly induced in mutants with defects in peroxisome biogenesis, but the conditions that allow a similar induction in wildtypic flies are not known. Here we show that Lipase 3 is drastically upregulated in starved larvae and starved female flies, as well as in aged male flies. We generated a lipase 3 mutant that shows sex-specific starvation resistance and a trend to lifespan extension. Using lipidomics, we demonstrate that Lipase 3 mutants accumulate phosphatidylinositol, but neither triacylglycerol nor diacylglycerol. Our study suggests that, in contrast to its mammalian homolog LIPA, Lipase 3 is a putative phospholipase that is upregulated under extreme conditions like prolonged nutrient deprivation and aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lea Hänschke
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Heier
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed- Graz, Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Huseyin Erdem Özek
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Thiele
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ronald P. Kühnlein
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed- Graz, Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Margret H. Bülow
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Mayerl S, Alcaide Martin A, Bauer R, Schwaninger M, Heuer H, ffrench-Constant C. Distinct Actions of the Thyroid Hormone Transporters Mct8 and Oatp1c1 in Murine Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis. Cells 2022; 11:524. [PMID: 35159334 PMCID: PMC8834272 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inactivating mutations in the thyroid hormone (TH) transporter monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) result in Allan-Herndon-Dudley Syndrome, a severe form of psychomotor retardation, while inactivating mutations in another TH transporter, organic anion transporting polypeptide 1c1 (OATP1C1), are linked to juvenile neurodegeneration. These diseases point to essential roles for TH transporters in CNS function. We recently defined the presence of Mct8 in adult hippocampal progenitors and mature granule cell neurons and unraveled cell-autonomous and indirect requirements for Mct8 in adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Here, we investigated whether Oatp1c1 is involved in the hippocampal neurogenic process in concert with Mct8. We detected Oatp1c1 gene expression activity and transcripts in subsets of progenitors, neurons and niche cells in the dentate gyrus. Absence of Oatp1c1 resulted in increased neuroblast and reduced immature neuron numbers in 6-month-old Oatp1c1ko and Mct8/Oatp1c1 double knockout (M/Odko) mice. Reduced EdU-label retention in Mct8ko and M/Odko mice confirmed the impact of Mct8 on neuron formation. In contrast, no significant effect of Oatp1c1 loss on granule cell neuron production and anxiety-like behavior in the open field arena were seen. Together, our results reinforce that distinct actions of each TH transporter are required at multiple stages to ensure proper adult hippocampal neurogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Mayerl
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (A.A.M.); (H.H.)
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK;
| | - Andrea Alcaide Martin
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (A.A.M.); (H.H.)
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, 07745 Jena, Germany;
| | - Markus Schwaninger
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany;
| | - Heike Heuer
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (A.A.M.); (H.H.)
| | - Charles ffrench-Constant
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK;
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Singerer I, Gruen K, Schrepper A, Baez L, Schwarzer M, Bauer R, Jung C, Berndt A, Schulze PC, Franz M. Crucial role of extra-domain A containing fibronectin for the development of pulmonary hypertension and associated right heart failure. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.3420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Pulmonary vascular and right ventricular myocardial remodelling are unique phenomena in PH progression. Both processes are accompanied by an abundant re-expression of the extra-domain A of fibronectin (ED-A+ Fn) therefore qualifying as promising biomarker or even therapeutic target. Nevertheless, its functional role in PH pathogenesis remains unclear until now. Objective: The purpose of our study was to analyse the development of PH and RHF in a mouse model of monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PH comparing C57BL/6 ED-A+ Fn knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice.
Methods
PH was induced by subcutaneous injection of a single dose of MCT (60 mg/kg body weight). Subgroups were additionally treated with the dual endothelin receptor antagonist Macitentan (MAC, 15mg/kg body weight per day from day 14 to 28). There were 6 experimental groups: sham-treated control WT mice (WTco, n=4); MCT induced PH WT mice (WTPH, n=6); MCT induced PH WT mice treated with MAC (WTPH_MAC, n=6); sham-treated control KO mice (KOco, n=4); MCT induced PH KO mice (KOPH, n=6); MCT induced PH KO mice treated with MAC (KOPH_MAC, n=6). Between day 26 and 28, transthoracic echocardiography and right heart catheterization were performed. Both, lung and cardiac tissue samples were subjected to histological analyses.
Results
Right heart catheterization revealed significantly increased RVPsys values in WTPH (87.0±16.4mmHg) compared to WTco (36.1±9.4mmHg; p=0.034) animals, which showed, at least in trend, a diminution in the WTPH_MAC group (67.1±20.9mmHg; p=n.s.). There was a non-significant increase in RVPsys in the KOPH (55.6±14.9mmHg) compared to KOco mice (37.2±5.6mmHg; p=n.s.) without any differences compared to the KOPH_MAC group (60.9±14.0mmHg; p=n.s.). When comparing the WTPH and the KOPH group, RVPsys was significantly lower in the KO animals (p=0.014), while there were no differences between the WTPH_MAC and the KOPH_MAC group (p=n.s.). Echocardiographic evaluation including surrogate parameters of right ventricular (RV) overload and failure were significantly altered in WTPH compared to WTco animals (p<0.05) and could not be shown to be relevantly improved in the WTPH_MAC group (p=n.s.). The majority of echocardiographic parameters did not significantly differ between the KOPH and the KOco group (p=n.s.). Lung tissue analysis revealed significant alterations in both, the WTPH and the KOPH group, each compared to the corresponding control (p<0.05). The level of lung tissue damage was significantly decreased in KOPH compared to WTPH mice (p<0.05). In RV, the amount of interstitial fibrosis was increased in the WTPH (p=0.009) but not in the KOPH group (p=n.s.), each compared to the corresponding controls.
Conclusions
The findings of the current study underline the hypothesis that ED-A+ Fn is a key player in the pathogenesis of PH and associated RHF. Thus, it might represent a promising therapeutic target, e.g., by the administration of neutralizing antibodies.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public hospital(s). Main funding source(s): University Hospital Jena
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Singerer
- University Hospital Jena, Department of Internal Medicine I, Jena, Germany
| | - K Gruen
- University Hospital Jena, Department of Internal Medicine I, Jena, Germany
| | - A Schrepper
- University Hospital Jena, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena, Germany
| | - L Baez
- University Hospital Jena, Department of Internal Medicine I, Jena, Germany
| | - M Schwarzer
- University Hospital Jena, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena, Germany
| | - R Bauer
- University Hospital Jena, Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Jena, Germany
| | - C Jung
- Heinrich-Heine-University, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - A Berndt
- University Hospital of Jena, Institut of Legal Medicine, Section of Pathology, Jena, Germany
| | - P C Schulze
- University Hospital Jena, Department of Internal Medicine I, Jena, Germany
| | - M Franz
- University Hospital Jena, Department of Internal Medicine I, Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Press AT, Babic P, Hoffmann B, Müller T, Foo W, Hauswald W, Benecke J, Beretta M, Cseresnyés Z, Hoeppener S, Nischang I, Coldewey SM, Gräler MH, Bauer R, Gonnert F, Gaßler N, Wetzker R, Figge MT, Schubert US, Bauer M. Targeted delivery of a phosphoinositide 3-kinase γ inhibitor to restore organ function in sepsis. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 13:e14436. [PMID: 34472699 PMCID: PMC8495460 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202114436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Jaundice, the clinical hallmark of infection-associated liver dysfunction, reflects altered membrane organization of the canalicular pole of hepatocytes and portends poor outcomes. Mice lacking phosphoinositide 3-kinase-γ (PI3Kγ) are protected against membrane disintegration and hepatic excretory dysfunction. However, they exhibit a severe immune defect that hinders neutrophil recruitment to sites of infection. To exploit the therapeutic potential of PI3Kγ inhibition in sepsis, a targeted approach to deliver drugs to hepatic parenchymal cells without compromising other cells, in particular immune cells, seems warranted. Here, we demonstrate that nanocarriers functionalized through DY-635, a fluorescent polymethine dye, and a ligand of organic anion transporters can selectively deliver therapeutics to hepatic parenchymal cells. Applying this strategy to a murine model of sepsis, we observed the PI3Kγ-dependent restoration of biliary canalicular architecture, maintained excretory liver function, and improved survival without impairing host defense mechanisms. This strategy carries the potential to expand targeted nanomedicines to disease entities with systemic inflammation and concomitantly impaired barrier functionality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian T Press
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care MedicineJena University HospitalJenaGermany
- Medical FacultyFriedrich Schiller University JenaJenaGermany
- Center for Sepsis Control and CareJena University HospitalJenaGermany
| | - Petra Babic
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care MedicineJena University HospitalJenaGermany
- Center for Sepsis Control and CareJena University HospitalJenaGermany
| | - Bianca Hoffmann
- Research Group Applied Systems BiologyLeibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology ‐ Hans Knoell InstituteJenaGermany
| | - Tina Müller
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care MedicineJena University HospitalJenaGermany
- Center for Sepsis Control and CareJena University HospitalJenaGermany
| | - Wanling Foo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care MedicineJena University HospitalJenaGermany
| | | | - Jovana Benecke
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care MedicineJena University HospitalJenaGermany
- Center for Sepsis Control and CareJena University HospitalJenaGermany
| | - Martina Beretta
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care MedicineJena University HospitalJenaGermany
- Center for Sepsis Control and CareJena University HospitalJenaGermany
| | - Zoltán Cseresnyés
- Research Group Applied Systems BiologyLeibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology ‐ Hans Knoell InstituteJenaGermany
| | - Stephanie Hoeppener
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)Friedrich Schiller University JenaJenaGermany
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaJenaGermany
| | - Ivo Nischang
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)Friedrich Schiller University JenaJenaGermany
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaJenaGermany
| | - Sina M Coldewey
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care MedicineJena University HospitalJenaGermany
- Center for Sepsis Control and CareJena University HospitalJenaGermany
- Septomics Research CentreJena University HospitalJenaGermany
| | - Markus H Gräler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care MedicineJena University HospitalJenaGermany
- Center for Sepsis Control and CareJena University HospitalJenaGermany
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Cell BiologyJena University HospitalJenaGermany
| | - Falk Gonnert
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care MedicineJena University HospitalJenaGermany
- Center for Sepsis Control and CareJena University HospitalJenaGermany
| | - Nikolaus Gaßler
- Section of PathologyInstitute of Forensic MedicineJena University HospitalJenaGermany
| | - Reinhard Wetzker
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care MedicineJena University HospitalJenaGermany
- Center for Sepsis Control and CareJena University HospitalJenaGermany
| | - Marc Thilo Figge
- Center for Sepsis Control and CareJena University HospitalJenaGermany
- Research Group Applied Systems BiologyLeibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology ‐ Hans Knoell InstituteJenaGermany
- Institute of MicrobiologyFaculty of Biological SciencesFriedrich Schiller UniversityJenaGermany
| | - Ulrich S Schubert
- Center for Sepsis Control and CareJena University HospitalJenaGermany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)Friedrich Schiller University JenaJenaGermany
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaJenaGermany
| | - Michael Bauer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care MedicineJena University HospitalJenaGermany
- Center for Sepsis Control and CareJena University HospitalJenaGermany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)Friedrich Schiller University JenaJenaGermany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Schmidt C, Schneble-Löhnert N, Lajqi T, Wetzker R, Müller JP, Bauer R. PI3Kγ Mediates Microglial Proliferation and Cell Viability via ROS. Cells 2021; 10:2534. [PMID: 34685514 PMCID: PMC8534080 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Rapid microglial proliferation contributes to the complex responses of the innate immune system in the brain to various neuroinflammatory stimuli. Here, we investigated the regulatory function of phosphoinositide 3-kinase γ (PI3Kγ) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) for rapid proliferation of murine microglia induced by LPS and ATP. (2) Methods: PI3Kγ knockout mice (PI3Kγ KO), mice expressing catalytically inactive PI3Kγ (PI3Kγ KD) and wild-type mice were assessed for microglial proliferation using an in vivo wound healing assay. Additionally, primary microglia derived from newborn wild-type, PI3Kγ KO and PI3Kγ KD mice were used to analyze PI3Kγ effects on proliferation and cell viability, senescence and cellular and mitochondrial ROS production; the consequences of ROS production for proliferation and cell viability after LPS or ATP stimulation were studied using genetic and pharmacologic approaches. (3) Results: Mice with a loss of lipid kinase activity showed impaired proliferation of microglia. The prerequisite of induced microglial proliferation and cell viability appeared to be PI3Kγ-mediated induction of ROS production. (4) Conclusions: The lipid kinase activity of PI3Kγ plays a crucial role for microglial proliferation and cell viability after acute inflammatory activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Schmidt
- Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, 07745 Jena, Germany; (C.S.); (N.S.-L.); (J.P.M.)
| | - Nadine Schneble-Löhnert
- Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, 07745 Jena, Germany; (C.S.); (N.S.-L.); (J.P.M.)
| | - Trim Lajqi
- Department of Neonatology, Heidelberg University Children’s Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Reinhard Wetzker
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany;
| | - Jörg P. Müller
- Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, 07745 Jena, Germany; (C.S.); (N.S.-L.); (J.P.M.)
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, 07745 Jena, Germany; (C.S.); (N.S.-L.); (J.P.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kern P, Balzer NR, Blank N, Cygon C, Wunderling K, Bender F, Frolov A, Sowa JP, Bonaguro L, Ulas T, Homrich M, Kiermaier E, Thiele C, Schultze JL, Canbay A, Bauer R, Mass E. Creld2 function during unfolded protein response is essential for liver metabolism homeostasis. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21939. [PMID: 34549824 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002713rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is associated with hepatic metabolic function, yet it is not well understood how endoplasmic reticulum (ER) disturbance might influence metabolic homeostasis. Here, we describe the physiological function of Cysteine-rich with EGF-like domains 2 (Creld2), previously characterized as a downstream target of the ER-stress signal transducer Atf6. To this end, we generated Creld2-deficient mice and induced UPR by injection of tunicamycin. Creld2 augments protein folding and creates an interlink between the UPR axes through its interaction with proteins involved in the cellular stress response. Thereby, Creld2 promotes tolerance to ER stress and recovery from acute stress. Creld2-deficiency leads to a dysregulated UPR and causes the development of hepatic steatosis during ER stress conditions. Moreover, Creld2-dependent enhancement of the UPR assists in the regulation of energy expenditure. Furthermore, we observed a sex dimorphism in human and mouse livers with only male patients showing an accumulation of CRELD2 protein during the progression from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and only male Creld2-deficient mice developing hepatic steatosis upon aging. These results reveal a Creld2 function at the intersection between UPR and metabolic homeostasis and suggest a mechanism in which chronic ER stress underlies fatty liver disease in males.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Kern
- Developmental Biology of the Immune System, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Developmental Genetics & Molecular Physiology, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nora R Balzer
- Developmental Biology of the Immune System, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nelli Blank
- Developmental Biology of the Immune System, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Cornelia Cygon
- Developmental Biology of the Immune System, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Wunderling
- Biochemistry & Cell Biology of Lipids, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Franziska Bender
- Developmental Genetics & Molecular Physiology, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alex Frolov
- Developmental Biology of the Immune System, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jan-Peter Sowa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Bonaguro
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics at the Deutsche Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Ulas
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics at the Deutsche Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mirka Homrich
- Immune and Tumor Biology, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eva Kiermaier
- Immune and Tumor Biology, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Thiele
- Biochemistry & Cell Biology of Lipids, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Joachim L Schultze
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics at the Deutsche Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Systems Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Ali Canbay
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Developmental Genetics & Molecular Physiology, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Elvira Mass
- Developmental Biology of the Immune System, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Leitzke M, Schimpf S, Altrock M, Schönknecht P, Bischoff S, Schubert H, Hoyer D, Bauer R, Olbrich S. Afferent vagal stimulation via gastric electrical stimulation alters sympathetic-vagal balance in domestic pigs - a pilot trial. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2021; 35:11-24. [PMID: 33474908 DOI: 10.23812/20-527-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The disturbance of the sympathetic-vagal balance with increasing sympathetic activity and consecutive increase in cytokine release is a major threat in numerous hyperinflammatory syndromes. Therapeutic interventions that modulate the activity in the sympathetic-vagal system are suggested as an effective treatment in these incidences. The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate the effect of electrical stimulation of the gastric wall on sympathetic-vagal balance. German domestic pigs (n=5) were prepared with a modified gastric tube (mGT) for repetitive gastric electrical stimulation (GES). Electrocardiogram was recorded continuously and heart rate variability (HRV) as measure of sympathetic-vagal activity was calculated for three-minute epochs at baseline condition before GES and during GES condition. In comparison to baseline, activity of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) shifted significantly toward increased dominance of vagal activity during GES with a decrease of normalized low frequency (nLF from 58.00 to 25.52) as marker of sympathetic dominance and parallel increase of normalized high frequency (nHF from 41.48 to 74.16) as marker of vagal dominance. During GES, compared to baseline, no difference in heart rate was found. These results indicate that electrical stimulation of the gastric wall may result in shifting the sympathetic-vagal balance toward a parasympathetic predominance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Leitzke
- Helios Clinics, Department of Anaesthesiology, Leisnig, Germany
| | - S Schimpf
- Dräger Medical GmbH, Lübeck, Germany
| | - M Altrock
- MTU Reman Technologies GmbH, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - P Schönknecht
- Leipzig University, Medical faculty, Saxon hospital, Arnsdorf, Germany
| | - S Bischoff
- University of Jena, Institute for animal testing, experimentation and animal welfare, Jena, Germany
| | - H Schubert
- University of Jena, Institute for animal testing, experimentation and animal welfare, Jena, Germany
| | - D Hoyer
- University of Jena, Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena, Germany
| | - R Bauer
- University of Jena, Institute for molecular cell biology, Jena, Germany
| | - S Olbrich
- University of Zurich, Department of Psychiatry, Zürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Schmidt D, Bauer R, Chung S, Novikov D, Sander M, Pudell JE, Herzog M, Pfuetzenreuter D, Schwarzkopf J, Chernikov R, Gaal P. A new concept for temporal gating of synchrotron X-ray pulses. J Synchrotron Radiat 2021; 28:375-382. [PMID: 33650548 PMCID: PMC7941288 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577521000151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A new concept for temporal gating of synchrotron X-ray pulses based on laser-induced thermal transient gratings is presented. First experimental tests of the concept yield a diffraction efficiency of 0.18%; however, the calculations indicate a theoretical efficiency and contrast of >30% and 10-5, respectively. The full efficiency of the pulse picker has not been reached yet due to a long-range thermal deformation of the sample after absorption of the excitation laser. This method can be implemented in a broad spectral range (100 eV to 20 keV) and is only minimally invasive to an existing setup.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D. Schmidt
- Institut für Nanostruktur- und Festkörperphysik, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - R. Bauer
- Institut für Nanostruktur- und Festkörperphysik, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - S. Chung
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - D. Novikov
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M. Sander
- Paul-Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - J.-E. Pudell
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - M. Herzog
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - D. Pfuetzenreuter
- Leibniz-Institut für Kristallzüchtung, Max-Born-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - J. Schwarzkopf
- Leibniz-Institut für Kristallzüchtung, Max-Born-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - R. Chernikov
- Canadian Light Source Inc., 44 Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, Canada SK S7N 2V3
| | - P. Gaal
- Institut für Nanostruktur- und Festkörperphysik, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Kristallzüchtung, Max-Born-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Frasch MG, Walter B, Herry CL, Bauer R. Multimodal pathophysiological dataset of gradual cerebral ischemia in a cohort of juvenile pigs. Sci Data 2021; 8:4. [PMID: 33414507 PMCID: PMC7791136 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-020-00781-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic brain injuries are frequent and difficult to detect reliably or early. We present the multi-modal data set containing cardiovascular (blood pressure, blood flow, electrocardiogram) and brain electrical activities to derive electroencephalogram (EEG) biomarkers of corticothalamic communication under normal, sedation, and hypoxic/ischemic conditions with ensuing recovery. We provide technical validation using EEGLAB. We also delineate the corresponding changes in the electrocardiogram (ECG)-derived heart rate variability (HRV) with the potential for future in-depth analyses of joint EEG-ECG dynamics. We review an open-source methodology to derive signatures of coupling between the ECoG and electrothalamogram (EThG) signals contained in the presented data set to better characterize the dynamics of thalamocortical communication during these clinically relevant states. The data set is presented in full band sampled at 2000 Hz, so the additional potential exists for insights from the full-band EEG and high-frequency oscillations under the bespoke experimental conditions. Future studies on the dataset may contribute to the development of new brain monitoring technologies, which will facilitate the prevention of neurological injuries. Measurement(s) | EEG with persistent abnormal rhythmic activity • electrocardiogram • Electrothalamogram • cerebral blood flow measurement • positive regulation of heart rate involved in baroreceptor response to decreased systemic arterial blood pressure • cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen • cerebral perfusion pressure | Technology Type(s) | electrophysiology assay • extracellular electrophysiology recording assay • fluorescent colormicrospheres • Electrophysiology | Factor Type(s) | sedation • cerebral ischemia • recovery | Sample Characteristic - Organism | Sus scrofa | Sample Characteristic - Environment | laboratory environment |
Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13251176
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin G Frasch
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Center on Human Development and Disability, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Bernd Walter
- Department of Spine Surgery and Neurotraumatology, SRH Waldklinikum, Gera, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Christophe L Herry
- Dynamical Analysis Lab, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lang GP, Ndongson-Dongmo B, Lajqi T, Brodhun M, Han Y, Wetzker R, Frasch MG, Bauer R. Impact of ambient temperature on inflammation-induced encephalopathy in endotoxemic mice-role of phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:292. [PMID: 33028343 PMCID: PMC7541275 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01954-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is an early and frequent event of infection-induced systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase γ (PI3Kγ) is linked to neuroinflammation and inflammation-related microglial activity. In homeotherms, variations in ambient temperature (Ta) outside the thermoneutral zone lead to thermoregulatory responses, mainly driven by a gradually increasing sympathetic activity, and may affect disease severity. We hypothesized that thermoregulatory response to hypothermia (reduced Ta) aggravates SAE in PI3Kγ-dependent manner. METHODS Experiments were performed in wild-type, PI3Kγ knockout, and PI3Kγ kinase-dead mice, which were kept at neutral (30 ± 0.5 °C) or moderately lowered (26 ± 0.5 °C) Ta. Mice were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10 μg/g, from Escherichia coli serotype 055:B5, single intraperitoneal injection)-evoked systemic inflammatory response (SIR) and monitored 24 h for thermoregulatory response and blood-brain barrier integrity. Primary microglial cells and brain tissue derived from treated mice were analyzed for inflammatory responses and related cell functions. Comparisons between groups were made with one-way or two-way analysis of variance, as appropriate. Post hoc comparisons were made with the Holm-Sidak test or t tests with Bonferroni's correction for adjustments of multiple comparisons. Data not following normal distribution was tested with Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn's multiple comparisons test. RESULTS We show that a moderate reduction of ambient temperature triggers enhanced hypothermia of mice undergoing LPS-induced systemic inflammation by aggravated SAE. PI3Kγ deficiency enhances blood-brain barrier injury and upregulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) as well as an impaired microglial phagocytic activity. CONCLUSIONS Thermoregulatory adaptation in response to ambient temperatures below the thermoneutral range exacerbates LPS-induced blood-brain barrier injury and neuroinflammation. PI3Kγ serves a protective role in suppressing release of MMPs, maintaining microglial motility and reinforcing phagocytosis leading to improved brain tissue integrity. Thus, preclinical research targeting severe brain inflammation responses is seriously biased when basic physiological prerequisites of mammal species such as preferred ambient temperature are ignored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Ping Lang
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Hans-Knöll-Straße 2, D-07745 Jena, Germany
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006 China
| | - Bernadin Ndongson-Dongmo
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Hans-Knöll-Straße 2, D-07745 Jena, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Trim Lajqi
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Hans-Knöll-Straße 2, D-07745 Jena, Germany
- Department of Neonatology, University Children’s Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Brodhun
- Department of Pathology, Helios-Klinikum Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
| | - Yingying Han
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Reinhard Wetzker
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Reinhard Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Hans-Knöll-Straße 2, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sellin J, Fülle JB, Thiele C, Bauer R, Bülow MH. Free fatty acid determination as a tool for modeling metabolic diseases in Drosophila. J Insect Physiol 2020; 126:104090. [PMID: 32730782 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2020.104090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Free or non-esterified fatty acids are the product of lipolysis of storage fat, i.e. triacylglyceroles. When the amount of fat exceeds the capacity of lipid-storing organs, free fatty acids affect and damage other non-lipid-storing organs. This process is termed lipotoxicity. Within a cell, free fatty acids can damage mitochondria, and lipotoxicity-induced mitochondrial damage has been associated recently with Peroxisomal Biogenesis Disorders. Drosophila melanogaster has a rising popularity as a model organism for metabolic diseases, but an optimized assay for measuring free fatty acids in Drosophila tissue samples is missing. Here we present a detailed protocol highlighting technical requirements and pitfalls to determine free fatty acids in samples of Drosophila tissue. The colorimetric assay allows the reproducible and cost-efficient measurement of free fatty acids in a 96 well plate format. We used our assay to determine changes in free fatty acid levels in different developmental stages and feeding conditions, and found that larvae and adults have different patterns of free fatty acid formation during starvation. Our assay is a valuable tool in the modeling of metabolic diseases with Drosophila melanogaster.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Sellin
- University of Bonn, Life & Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), Molecular Developmental Biology, Carl-Troll-Straße 31, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Judith B Fülle
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; Skin Research Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos #06-06, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christoph Thiele
- University of Bonn, Life & Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), Biochemistry & Cell Biology of Lipids, Carl-Troll-Straße 31, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- University of Bonn, Life & Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), Molecular Developmental Biology, Carl-Troll-Straße 31, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Margret H Bülow
- University of Bonn, Life & Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), Molecular Developmental Biology, Carl-Troll-Straße 31, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Lajqi T, Stojiljkovic M, Williams DL, Hudalla H, Bauer M, Witte OW, Wetzker R, Bauer R, Schmeer C. Memory-Like Responses of Brain Microglia Are Controlled by Developmental State and Pathogen Dose. Front Immunol 2020; 11:546415. [PMID: 33101271 PMCID: PMC7546897 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.546415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia, the innate immune cells of the central nervous system, feature adaptive immune memory with implications for brain homeostasis and pathologies. However, factors involved in the emergence and regulation of these opposing responses in microglia have not been fully addressed. Recently, we showed that microglia from the newborn brain display features of trained immunity and immune tolerance after repeated contact with pathogens in a dose-dependent manner. Here, we evaluate the impact of developmental stage on adaptive immune responses of brain microglia after repeated challenge with ultra-low (1 fg/ml) and high (100 ng/ml) doses of the endotoxin LPS in vitro. We find that priming of naïve microglia derived from newborn but not mature and aged murine brain with ultra-low LPS significantly increased levels of pro-inflammatory mediators TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, MMP-9, and iNOS as well as neurotrophic factors indicating induction of trained immunity (p < 0.05). In contrast, stimulation with high doses of LPS led to a robust downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and iNOS independent of the developmental state, indicating induced immune tolerance. Furthermore, high-dose priming with LPS upregulated anti-inflammatory mediators IL-10, Arg-1, TGF- β, MSR1, and IL-4 in newborn microglia (p < 0.05). Our data indicate pronounced plasticity of the immune response of neonate microglia compared with microglia derived from mature and aged mouse brain. Induced trained immunity after priming with ultra-low LPS doses may be responsible for enhanced neuro-inflammatory susceptibility of immature brain. In contrast, the immunosuppressed phenotype following high-dose LPS priming might be prone to attenuate excessive damage after recurrent systemic inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trim Lajqi
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Department of Neonatology, Heidelberg University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Milan Stojiljkovic
- Hans-Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - David L Williams
- Department of Surgery and Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States
| | - Hannes Hudalla
- Department of Neonatology, Heidelberg University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Bauer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Otto W Witte
- Hans-Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Jena Center for Healthy Aging, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Reinhard Wetzker
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Schmeer
- Hans-Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Bauer R, Tse JS, Komatsu K, Machida S, Hattori T. Slow compression of crystalline ice at low temperature. Nature 2020; 585:E9-E10. [PMID: 32939064 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2697-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Bauer
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - J S Tse
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
| | - K Komatsu
- Geochemical Research Center (GCRC), Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Machida
- Neutron Science and Technology Center, CROSS, Tokai, Japan
| | - T Hattori
- J-PARC Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka-gun, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Bauer M, Glenn T, Alda M, Andreassen O, Angelopoulos E, Ardau R, Baethge C, Bauer R, Bellivier F, Belmaker R, Berk M, Bjella T, Bossini L, Bersudsky Y, Cheung E, Conell J, Del Zompo M, Dodd S, Etain B, Fagiolini A, Frye M, Fountoulakis K, Garneau-Fournier J, Gonzalez-Pinto A, Harima H, Hassel S, Henry C, Iacovides A, Isometsä E, Kapczinski F, Kliwicki S, König B, Krogh R, Kunz M, Lafer B, Larsen E, Lewitzka U, Lopez-Jaramillo C, MacQueen G, Manchia M, Marsh W, Martinez-Cengotitabengoa M, Melle I, Monteith S, Morken G, Munoz R, Nery F, O’Donovan C, Osher Y, Pfennig A, Quiroz D, Ramesar R, Rasgon N, Reif A, Ritter P, Rybakowski J, Sagduyu K, Scippa A, Severus E, Simhandl C, Stein D, Strejilevich S, Hatim Sulaiman A, Suominen K, Tagata H, Tatebayashi Y, Torrent C, Vieta E, Viswanath B, Wanchoo M, Zetin M, Whybrow P. Influence of birth cohort on age of onset cluster analysis in bipolar I disorder. Eur Psychiatry 2020; 30:99-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractPurpose:Two common approaches to identify subgroups of patients with bipolar disorder are clustering methodology (mixture analysis) based on the age of onset, and a birth cohort analysis. This study investigates if a birth cohort effect will influence the results of clustering on the age of onset, using a large, international database.Methods:The database includes 4037 patients with a diagnosis of bipolar I disorder, previously collected at 36 collection sites in 23 countries. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to adjust the data for country median age, and in some models, birth cohort. Model-based clustering (mixture analysis) was then performed on the age of onset data using the residuals. Clinical variables in subgroups were compared.Results:There was a strong birth cohort effect. Without adjusting for the birth cohort, three subgroups were found by clustering. After adjusting for the birth cohort or when considering only those born after 1959, two subgroups were found. With results of either two or three subgroups, the youngest subgroup was more likely to have a family history of mood disorders and a first episode with depressed polarity. However, without adjusting for birth cohort (three subgroups), family history and polarity of the first episode could not be distinguished between the middle and oldest subgroups.Conclusion:These results using international data confirm prior findings using single country data, that there are subgroups of bipolar I disorder based on the age of onset, and that there is a birth cohort effect. Including the birth cohort adjustment altered the number and characteristics of subgroups detected when clustering by age of onset. Further investigation is needed to determine if combining both approaches will identify subgroups that are more useful for research.
Collapse
|
29
|
Rohm I, Grün K, Müller LM, Bäz L, Förster M, Schrepper A, Kretzschmar D, Pistulli R, Yilmaz A, Bauer R, Jung C, Berndt A, Schulze PC, Franz M. Cellular inflammation in pulmonary hypertension: Detailed analysis of lung and right ventricular tissue, circulating immune cells and effects of a dual endothelin receptor antagonist. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2020; 73:497-522. [PMID: 31156142 DOI: 10.3233/ch-180529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that inflammation is crucially involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension (PH) and consecutive right heart failure. The present study analyzed the inflammatory response in lung and right ventricle in a rat model of PH and evaluated the effects of the dual endothelin receptor antagonist (ERA) Macitentan. PH was induced by monocrotalin (60 mg/kg body weight s.c.) in Sprague-Dawley rats (PH, n = 10) and compared to healthy controls (CON, n = 10) as well as monocrotalin-induced, macitentan-treated rats (THER, n = 10). Detection of Dendritic cells (DCs), regulatory T cells (Tregs) and others as well as RT-PCR based inflammatory gene expression analysis were performed. Circulating DCs and Tregs were quantified by flow cytometry in the rat model and in PH patients (n = 70) compared to controls (n = 52). Inflammatory cells were increased in lung and right ventricular tissue, whereas DCs and Tregs were decreased in blood. Expression of 17 genes in the lung and 20 genes in the right ventricle were relevantly (>2.0 fold) regulated in the PH group. These effects were, at least in part, attenuated in response to Macitentan treatment. In humans as well as rats, immune cells showed significant correlations to clinical, echocardiographic, and haemodynamic parameters. PH is accompanied by a distinct inflammatory response in lung and right but not left ventricular tissue attenuated by Macitentan. Correlations of circulating DCs as well as tissue resident immune cells with parameters reflecting right ventricular function raise the idea of both, promising biomarkers and novel treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilonka Rohm
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Cardiology, Angiology, Pneumology, and Intensive Medical Care, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany
| | - Katja Grün
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Cardiology, Angiology, Pneumology, and Intensive Medical Care, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany
| | - Linda Marleen Müller
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Cardiology, Angiology, Pneumology, and Intensive Medical Care, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany
| | - Laura Bäz
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Cardiology, Angiology, Pneumology, and Intensive Medical Care, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany
| | - Martin Förster
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Cardiology, Angiology, Pneumology, and Intensive Medical Care, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany
| | - Andrea Schrepper
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany
| | - Daniel Kretzschmar
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Cardiology, Angiology, Pneumology, and Intensive Medical Care, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany
| | - Rudin Pistulli
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Cardiology, Angiology, Pneumology, and Intensive Medical Care, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany
| | - Atilla Yilmaz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Elisabeth Klinikum Schmalkalden, Schmalkalden, Germany
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Berndt
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany
| | - P Christian Schulze
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Cardiology, Angiology, Pneumology, and Intensive Medical Care, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany
| | - Marcus Franz
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Cardiology, Angiology, Pneumology, and Intensive Medical Care, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Reich D, Kresinsky A, Müller JP, Bauer R, Kallenbach J, Schnoeder TM, Heidel FH, Fässler R, Mann M, Böhmer FD, Jayavelu AK. SHP1 regulates a STAT6-ITGB3 axis in FLT3ITD-positive AML cells. Leukemia 2019; 34:1444-1449. [PMID: 31836852 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-019-0676-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Reich
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, CMB, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Anne Kresinsky
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, CMB, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Jörg P Müller
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, CMB, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, CMB, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Julia Kallenbach
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, CMB, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Tina M Schnoeder
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany.,Innere Medizin II, Hämatologie und Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Florian H Heidel
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany.,Innere Medizin II, Hämatologie und Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Reinhard Fässler
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Matthias Mann
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.
| | - Frank-D Böhmer
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, CMB, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
| | - Ashok Kumar Jayavelu
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Lajqi T, Lang GP, Haas F, Williams DL, Hudalla H, Bauer M, Groth M, Wetzker R, Bauer R. Memory-Like Inflammatory Responses of Microglia to Rising Doses of LPS: Key Role of PI3Kγ. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2492. [PMID: 31781091 PMCID: PMC6856213 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Trained immunity and immune tolerance have been identified as long-term response patterns of the innate immune system. The causes of these opposing reactions remain elusive. Here, we report about differential inflammatory responses of microglial cells derived from neonatal mouse brain to increasing doses of the endotoxin LPS. Prolonged priming with ultra-low LPS doses provokes trained immunity, i.e., increased production of pro-inflammatory mediators in comparison to the unprimed control. In contrast, priming with high doses of LPS induces immune tolerance, implying decreased production of inflammatory mediators and pronounced release of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Investigation of the signaling processes and cell functions involved in these memory-like immune responses reveals the essential role of phosphoinositide 3-kinase γ (PI3Kγ), one of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase species highly expressed in innate immune cells. Together, our data suggest profound influence of preceding contacts with pathogens on the immune response of microglia. The impact of these interactions—trained immunity or immune tolerance—appears to be shaped by pathogen dose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trim Lajqi
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Department of Neonatology, Heidelberg University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Guang-Ping Lang
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Fabienne Haas
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - David L Williams
- Department of Surgery and Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States
| | - Hannes Hudalla
- Department of Neonatology, Heidelberg University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Bauer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Marco Groth
- Leibniz Institute on Aging-Fritz Lipmann Institute, CF DNA Sequencing, Jena, Germany
| | - Reinhard Wetzker
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Bauer M, Glenn T, Alda M, Bauer R, Grof P, Marsh W, Monteith S, Munoz R, Rasgon N, Sagduyu K, Whybrow PC. Trajectories of adherence to mood stabilizers in patients with bipolar disorder. Int J Bipolar Disord 2019; 7:19. [PMID: 31482209 PMCID: PMC6722168 DOI: 10.1186/s40345-019-0154-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nonadherence with mood stabilizers is a major problem that negatively impacts the course of bipolar disorder. Medication adherence is a complex individual behavior, and adherence rates often change over time. This study asked if distinct classes of adherence trajectories with mood stabilizers over time could be found, and if so, which patient characteristics were associated with the classes. Methods This analysis was based on 12 weeks of daily self-reported data from 273 patients with bipolar 1 or II disorder using ChronoRecord computer software. All patients were taking at least one mood stabilizer. The latent class mixed model was used to detect trajectories of adherence based on 12 weekly calculated adherence datapoints per patient. Results Two distinct trajectory classes were found: an adherent class (210 patients; 77%) and a less adherent class (63 patients; 23%). The characteristics associated with the less adherent class were: more time not euthymic (p < 0.001) and female gender (p = 0.016). No other demographic associations were found. Conclusion In a sample of motivated patients who complete daily mood charting, about one quarter were in the less adherent class. Even patients who actively participate in their care, such as by daily mood charting, may be nonadherent. Demographic characteristics may not be useful in assessing individual adherence. Future research on longitudinal adherence patterns in bipolar disorder is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Bauer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
| | - T Glenn
- ChronoRecord Association Inc., Fullerton, CA, USA
| | - M Alda
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - R Bauer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - P Grof
- Mood Disorders Center of Ottawa, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - W Marsh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - S Monteith
- Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Traverse City Campus, Traverse City, MI, USA
| | - R Munoz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - N Rasgon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - K Sagduyu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - P C Whybrow
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Pérez K, Weijermars W, Bos N, Filtness AJ, Bauer R, Johannsen H, Nuyttens N, Pascal L, Thomas P, Olabarria M. Implications of estimating road traffic serious injuries from hospital data. Accid Anal Prev 2019; 130:125-135. [PMID: 29680154 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To determine accurately the number of serious injuries at EU level and to compare serious injury rates between different countries it is essential to use a common definition. In January 2013, the High Level Group on Road Safety established the definition of serious injuries as patients with an injury level of MAIS3+(Maximum Abbreviated Injury Scale). Whatever the method used for estimating the number or serious injuries, at some point it is always necessary to use hospital records. The aim of this paper is to understand the implications for (1) in/exclusion criteria applied to case selection and (2) a methodological approach for converting ICD (International Classification of Diseases/Injuries) to MAIS codes, when estimating the number of road traffic serious injuries from hospital data. A descriptive analysis with hospital data from Spain and the Netherlands was carried out to examine the effect of certain choices concerning in- and exclusion criteria based on codes of the ICD9-CM and ICD10. The main parameters explored were: deaths before and after 30 days, readmissions, and external injury causes. Additionally, an analysis was done to explore the impact of using different conversion tools to derive MAIS3 + using data from Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Netherlands, and Spain. Recommendations are given regarding the in/exclusion criteria and when there is incomplete data to ascertain a road injury, weighting factors could be used to correct data deviations and make more real estimations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Pérez
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (ASPB), Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Institut d'Investigació Biomédica (IIB Sant Pau), Spain.
| | - W Weijermars
- Institute for Road Safety Research (SWOV), Netherlands
| | - N Bos
- Institute for Road Safety Research (SWOV), Netherlands
| | - A J Filtness
- Transport Safety Research Centre, Loughborough University (LOUGH), United Kingdom
| | - R Bauer
- Austrian Road Safety Board (KFV), Austria
| | - H Johannsen
- Medical University of Hannover (MHH), Germany
| | | | - L Pascal
- French Institute of Science and Technology for Transport, Development and Networks (IFSTTAR), France
| | - P Thomas
- Transport Safety Research Centre, Loughborough University (LOUGH), United Kingdom
| | - M Olabarria
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (ASPB), Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Institut d'Investigació Biomédica (IIB Sant Pau), Spain
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ndongson-Dongmo B, Lang GP, Mece O, Hechaichi N, Lajqi T, Hoyer D, Brodhun M, Heller R, Wetzker R, Franz M, Levy FO, Bauer R. Reduced ambient temperature exacerbates SIRS-induced cardiac autonomic dysregulation and myocardial dysfunction in mice. Basic Res Cardiol 2019; 114:26. [DOI: 10.1007/s00395-019-0734-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
35
|
Richter F, Eitner A, Leuchtweis J, Bauer R, Ebersberger A, Lehmenkühler A, Schaible HG. The potential of substance P to initiate and perpetuate cortical spreading depression (CSD) in rat in vivo. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17656. [PMID: 30518958 PMCID: PMC6281573 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36330-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The tachykinin substance P (SP) increases neuronal excitability, participates in homeostatic control, but induces brain oedema after stroke or trauma. We asked whether SP is able to induce cortical spreading depression (CSD) which often aggravates stroke-induced pathology. In anesthetized rats we applied SP (10−5, 10−6, 10−7, or 10−8 mol/L) to a restricted cortical area and recorded CSDs there and in remote non-treated areas using microelectrodes. SP was either applied in artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF), or in aqua to perform a preconditioning. Plasma extravasation in cortical grey matter was assessed with Evans Blue. Only SP dissolved in aqua induced self-regenerating CSDs. SP dissolved in ACSF did not ignite CSDs even when excitability was increased by acetate-preconditioning. Aqua alone elicited as few CSDs as the lowest concentration of SP. Local pretreatment with 250 nmol/L of a neurokinin 1 receptor antagonist prevented the SP-induced plasma extravasation, the initiation of CSDs by 10−5 mol/L SP diluted in aqua, and the initiation of CSDs by aqua alone, but did not suppress KCl-induced CSD. Thus neurokinin 1 receptor antagonists may be used to explore the involvement of SP in CSDs in clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Richter
- Institute of Physiology I/Neurophysiology, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.
| | - Annett Eitner
- Institute of Physiology I/Neurophysiology, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Johannes Leuchtweis
- Institute of Physiology I/Neurophysiology, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Andrea Ebersberger
- Institute of Physiology I/Neurophysiology, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Hans-Georg Schaible
- Institute of Physiology I/Neurophysiology, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Büttner R, Schulz A, Reuter M, Akula AK, Mindos T, Carlstedt A, Riecken LB, Baader SL, Bauer R, Morrison H. Inflammaging impairs peripheral nerve maintenance and regeneration. Aging Cell 2018; 17:e12833. [PMID: 30168637 PMCID: PMC6260910 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The regenerative capacity of peripheral nerves declines during aging, contributing to the development of neuropathies, limiting organism function. Changes in Schwann cells prompt failures in instructing maintenance and regeneration of aging nerves; molecular mechanisms of which have yet to be delineated. Here, we identified an altered inflammatory environment leading to a defective Schwann cell response, as an underlying mechanism of impaired nerve regeneration during aging. Chronic inflammation was detected in intact uninjured old nerves, characterized by increased macrophage infiltration and raised levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1) and CC chemokine ligand 11 (CCL11). Schwann cells in the old nerves appeared partially dedifferentiated, accompanied by an activated repair program independent of injury. Upon sciatic nerve injury, an initial delayed immune response was followed by a persistent hyperinflammatory state accompanied by a diminished repair process. As a contributing factor to nerve aging, we showed that CCL11 interfered with Schwann cell differentiation in vitro and in vivo. Our results indicate that increased infiltration of macrophages and inflammatory signals diminish regenerative capacity of aging nerves by altering Schwann cell behavior. The study identifies CCL11 as a promising target for anti‐inflammatory therapies aiming to improve nerve regeneration in old age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Büttner
- Leibniz Institute on Aging; Fritz Lipmann Institute; Jena Germany
| | - Alexander Schulz
- Leibniz Institute on Aging; Fritz Lipmann Institute; Jena Germany
- Department of Genetics and Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair; Yale University School of Medicine; New Haven Connecticut
| | - Michael Reuter
- Leibniz Institute on Aging; Fritz Lipmann Institute; Jena Germany
| | - Asha K. Akula
- Leibniz Institute on Aging; Fritz Lipmann Institute; Jena Germany
| | - Thomas Mindos
- Leibniz Institute on Aging; Fritz Lipmann Institute; Jena Germany
| | | | - Lars B. Riecken
- Leibniz Institute on Aging; Fritz Lipmann Institute; Jena Germany
| | | | - Reinhard Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology; Jena University Hospital; Jena Germany
| | - Helen Morrison
- Leibniz Institute on Aging; Fritz Lipmann Institute; Jena Germany
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Leonhardt J, Große S, Marx C, Siwczak F, Stengel S, Bruns T, Bauer R, Kiehntopf M, Williams DL, Wang ZQ, Mosig AS, Weis S, Bauer M, Heller R. Candida albicans β-Glucan Differentiates Human Monocytes Into a Specific Subset of Macrophages. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2818. [PMID: 30555483 PMCID: PMC6284042 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Glucan derived from cell walls of Candida albicans is a potent immune modulator. It has been shown to induce trained immunity in monocytes via epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming and to protect from lethal sepsis if applied prior to infection. Since β-glucan-trained monocytes have not been classified within the system of mononuclear phagocytes we analyzed these cells metabolically, phenotypically and functionally with a focus on monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation and compared them with naïve monocytes and other types of monocyte-derived cells such as classically (M1) or alternatively (M2) activated macrophages and monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs). We show that β-glucan inhibits spontaneous apoptosis of monocytes independent from autocrine or paracrine M-CSF release and stimulates monocyte differentiation into macrophages. β-Glucan-differentiated macrophages exhibit increased cell size and granularity and enhanced metabolic activity when compared to naïve monocytes. Although β-glucan-primed cells expressed markers of alternative activation and secreted higher levels of IL-10 after lipopolysaccharide (LPS), their capability to release pro-inflammatory cytokines and to kill bacteria was unaffected. Our data demonstrate that β-glucan priming induces a population of immune competent long-lived monocyte-derived macrophages that may be involved in immunoregulatory processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Leonhardt
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Silke Große
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Marx
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Fatina Siwczak
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Institute of Biochemistry II, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Sven Stengel
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine IV, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Tony Bruns
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine IV, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Kiehntopf
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - David L Williams
- Department of Surgery and Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States
| | - Zhao-Qi Wang
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Alexander S Mosig
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Institute of Biochemistry II, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Sebastian Weis
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Center for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Bauer
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Regine Heller
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Oberwinkler F, Bandoni RJ, Bauer R, Deml G, Kisimova-Horovitz L. The Life-History ofChristiansenia Pallida, A Dimorphic, Mycoparasitic Heterobasidiomycete. Mycologia 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00275514.1984.12023804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Oberwinkler
- Lehrstuhl Spezielle Botanik, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 1, D-7400 Tübingen, Germany
| | - R. J. Bandoni
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada V6T 2B1
| | - R. Bauer
- Lehrstuhl Spezielle Botanik, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 1, D-7400 Tübingen, Germany
| | - G. Deml
- Lehrstuhl Spezielle Botanik, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 1, D-7400 Tübingen, Germany
| | - L. Kisimova-Horovitz
- Lehrstuhl Spezielle Botanik, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 1, D-7400 Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Johnston JM, Angyal A, Bauer R, Hamby SE, Suvarna SK, Baidžajevas K, Hegedus Z, Dear NT, Turner M, Wilson HL, Goodall AH, Rader DJ, Shoulders CC, Francis SE, Kiss-Toth E. P14 MYELOID TRIB1 PROMOTES EXPERIMENTAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS. Cardiovasc Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy216.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J M Johnston
- Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, Beech Hill Road, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - A Angyal
- Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, Beech Hill Road, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - R Bauer
- Division of Cardiology, Dept. of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania and Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Smilow Center for Translational Research, Philadelphia, USA
| | - S E Hamby
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - S K Suvarna
- Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, Beech Hill Road, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - K Baidžajevas
- Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, Beech Hill Road, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - Z Hegedus
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged & Departments of Biochemistry and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Hungary
| | - N T Dear
- Department of Medicine, University of Leeds, UK
| | - M Turner
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - H L Wilson
- Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, Beech Hill Road, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - A H Goodall
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - D J Rader
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania and Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Smilow Center for Translational Research, Philadelphia, USA
| | - C C Shoulders
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Institute, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - S E Francis
- Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, Beech Hill Road, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - E Kiss-Toth
- Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, Beech Hill Road, University of Sheffield, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Affiliation(s)
- A. Nagler
- Institut für Biologie 1, Lehrstuhl Spezielle Botanik/Mykologie, Auf der Morgenstelle 1, D-7400 Tübingen, BRD
| | - R. Bauer
- Institut für Biologie 1, Lehrstuhl Spezielle Botanik/Mykologie, Auf der Morgenstelle 1, D-7400 Tübingen, BRD
| | - M. Berbee
- Institut für Biologie 1, Lehrstuhl Spezielle Botanik/Mykologie, Auf der Morgenstelle 1, D-7400 Tübingen, BRD
| | - K. Vánky
- Institut für Biologie 1, Lehrstuhl Spezielle Botanik/Mykologie, Auf der Morgenstelle 1, D-7400 Tübingen, BRD
| | - F. Oberwinkler
- Institut für Biologie 1, Lehrstuhl Spezielle Botanik/Mykologie, Auf der Morgenstelle 1, D-7400 Tübingen, BRD
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Affiliation(s)
- K. Vánky
- Universität Tübingen, Botanisches Institut, Spezielle Botanik und Mykologie, Auf der Morgenstelle 1, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - R. Bauer
- Universität Tübingen, Botanisches Institut, Spezielle Botanik und Mykologie, Auf der Morgenstelle 1, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - D. Begerow
- Universität Tübingen, Botanisches Institut, Spezielle Botanik und Mykologie, Auf der Morgenstelle 1, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Sachdev V, Leopold C, Bauer R, Patankar J, Iqbal J, Obrowsky S, Doktorova M, Scheicher B, Goeritzer M, Kolb D, Turnbull A, Zimmer A, Hoefler G, Hussain M, Groen A, Kratky D. Novel role of a triglyceride-synthesizing enzyme: DGAT1 at the crossroad between triglyceride and cholesterol metabolism. Atherosclerosis 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.06.915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
43
|
Rohm I, Gruen K, Foerster M, Fritzenwanger M, Bauer R, Yilmaz A, Pistulli R, Jung C, Berndt A, Schulze PC, Franz M. P3791Right ventricular remodelling and inflammation in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension: effects of the endothelin receptor antagonist macitentan. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.p3791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- I Rohm
- University Hospital Jena, Department of Internal Medicine I, Jena, Germany
| | - K Gruen
- University Hospital Jena, Department of Internal Medicine I, Jena, Germany
| | - M Foerster
- University Hospital Jena, Department of Internal Medicine I, Jena, Germany
| | - M Fritzenwanger
- University Hospital Jena, Department of Internal Medicine I, Jena, Germany
| | - R Bauer
- University Hospital Jena, Department of Internal Medicine I, Jena, Germany
| | - A Yilmaz
- Elisabeth-Klinikum, Department of Internal Medicine I, Schmalkalden, Germany
| | - R Pistulli
- University Hospital Jena, Department of Internal Medicine I, Jena, Germany
| | - C Jung
- Heinrich-Heine-University, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - A Berndt
- University Hospital Jena, Institute of Pathology, Jena, Germany
| | - P C Schulze
- University Hospital Jena, Department of Internal Medicine I, Jena, Germany
| | - M Franz
- University Hospital Jena, Department of Internal Medicine I, Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Bickert A, Kern P, van Uelft M, Herresthal S, Ulas T, Gutbrod K, Breiden B, Degen J, Sandhoff K, Schultze JL, Dörmann P, Hartmann D, Bauer R, Willecke K. Inactivation of ceramide synthase 2 catalytic activity in mice affects transcription of genes involved in lipid metabolism and cell division. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2018; 1863:734-749. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
45
|
Kresinsky A, Bauer R, Schnöder TM, Berg T, Meyer D, Ast V, König R, Serve H, Heidel FH, Böhmer FD, Müller JP. Loss of DEP-1 (Ptprj) promotes myeloproliferative disease in FLT3-ITD acute myeloid leukemia. Haematologica 2018; 103:e505-e509. [PMID: 29880609 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2017.185306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Kresinsky
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), Jena University Hospital
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), Jena University Hospital
| | - Tina M Schnöder
- Innere Medizin II, Hämatologie und Onkologie, Jena University Hospital.,Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz-Lipmann-Institute (FLI), Jena
| | - Tobias Berg
- Department of Medicine II, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt
| | - Daria Meyer
- Network modelling, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Volker Ast
- Network modelling, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Rainer König
- Network modelling, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Hubert Serve
- Department of Medicine II, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt
| | - Florian H Heidel
- Innere Medizin II, Hämatologie und Onkologie, Jena University Hospital.,Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz-Lipmann-Institute (FLI), Jena
| | - Frank-D Böhmer
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), Jena University Hospital
| | - Jörg P Müller
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), Jena University Hospital
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Chas J, Bauer R, Roux P, Cua E, Cotte L, Capitant C, Hall N, Pialoux G, Molina J, Alvarez J. Évaluation par analyse capillaire de la consommation de drogues parmi les HSH dans l’essai de PreP ANRS-Ipergay. Med Mal Infect 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2018.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
|
47
|
Bauer R, Zoellner I. Vergleich der Sterblichkeit in Baden-Württemberg von 2004 und 2010 getrennt nach Alter und Geschlecht. Das Gesundheitswesen 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1639243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Bauer
- Landesgesundheitsamt BW, Gesundheitsschutz und Epidemiologie, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - I Zoellner
- Landesgesundheitsamt BW, Gesundheitsschutz und Epidemiologie, Stuttgart, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Tsitsipatis D, Jayavelu AK, Müller JP, Bauer R, Schmidt-Arras D, Mahboobi S, Schnöder TM, Heidel F, Böhmer FD. Synergistic killing of FLT3ITD-positive AML cells by combined inhibition of tyrosine-kinase activity and N-glycosylation. Oncotarget 2018; 8:26613-26624. [PMID: 28460451 PMCID: PMC5432283 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) with internal tandem duplications (ITD) is a major oncoprotein in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and confers an unfavorable prognosis. Interference with FLT3ITD signaling is therefore pursued as a promising therapeutic strategy. In this study we show that abrogation of FLT3ITD glycoprotein maturation using low doses of the N-glycosylation inhibitor tunicamycin has anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects on FLT3ITD-expressing human and murine cell lines. This effect is mediated in part by arresting FLT3ITD in an underglycosylated state and thereby attenuating FLT3ITD-driven AKT and ERK signaling. In addition, tunicamycin caused pronounced endoplasmatic reticulum stress and apoptosis through activation of protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) and activation of the gene encoding CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP). PERK inhibition with a small molecule attenuated CHOP induction and partially rescued cells from apoptosis. Combination of tunicamycin with potent FLT3ITD kinase inhibitors caused synergistic cell killing, which was highly selective for cell lines and primary AML cells expressing FLT3ITD. Although tunicamycin is currently not a clinically applicable drug, we propose that mild inhibition of N-glycosylation may have therapeutic potential in combination with FLT3 kinase inhibitors for FLT3ITD-positive AML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Tsitsipatis
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, CMB, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Current address: Institute of Nutrition, Department of Nutrigenomics, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany
| | - Ashok Kumar Jayavelu
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, CMB, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Current address: Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jörg P Müller
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, CMB, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, CMB, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Dirk Schmidt-Arras
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Siavosh Mahboobi
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tina M Schnöder
- Innere Medizin II, Hämatologie und Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany.,Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz-Lipmann-Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Florian Heidel
- Innere Medizin II, Hämatologie und Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany.,Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz-Lipmann-Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Frank-D Böhmer
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, CMB, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Franz M, Grün K, Betge S, Rohm I, Ndongson-Dongmo B, Bauer R, Schulze PC, Lichtenauer M, Petersen I, Neri D, Berndt A, Jung C. Lung tissue remodelling in MCT-induced pulmonary hypertension: a proposal for a novel scoring system and changes in extracellular matrix and fibrosis associated gene expression. Oncotarget 2018; 7:81241-81254. [PMID: 27835899 PMCID: PMC5348389 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is associated with vasoconstriction and remodelling. We studied lung tissue remodelling in a rat model of PH with special focus on histology and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling. After induction of PH by monocrotaline, lung tissue was analysed histologically, by gene expression analysis and immunofluorescence labelling of ED-A domain containing fibronectin (ED-A+ Fn), B domain containing tenascin-C (B+ Tn-C) as well as alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Serum concentrations of ED-A+ Fn were determined by ELISA. Systolic right ventricular pressure (RVPsys) values were significantly elevated in PH (n = 18; 75 ± 26.4 mmHg) compared to controls (n = 10; 29 ± 19.3 mmHg; p = 0.015). The histological sum-score was significantly increased in PH (8.0 ± 2.2) compared to controls (2.5 ± 1.6; p < 0.001). Gene expression analysis revealed relevant induction of several key genes of extracellular matrix remodelling. Increased protein deposition of ED-A+ Fn but not of B+ Tn-C and α-SMA in lung tissue was found in PH (2.88 ± 3.19 area%) compared to controls (1.32 ± 0.16 area%; p = 0.030). Serum levels of ED-A+ Fn were significantly higher in PH (p = 0.007) positively correlating with RVPsys (r = 0.618, p = 0.019). We here present a novel histological scoring system to assess lung tissue remodelling in PH. Gene expression analysis revealed induction of candidate genes involved in collagen matrix turnover, fibrosis and vascular remodelling. The stable increased tissue deposition of ED-A+ Fn in PH as well as its dynamics in serum suggests a role as a promising novel biomarker and potential therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Franz
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Katja Grün
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Stefan Betge
- Department of Angiology, Cardiovascular Center Bad Bevensen, Bad Bevensen, Germany
| | - Ilonka Rohm
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Bernadin Ndongson-Dongmo
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Michael Lichtenauer
- Clinic of Internal Medicine II, Department of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, Austria
| | - Iver Petersen
- Institute of Pathology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Dario Neri
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Christian Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Bauer R, Mauerer S, Grempels A, Spellerberg B. The competence system of Streptococcus anginosus and its use for genetic engineering. Mol Oral Microbiol 2018; 33:194-202. [PMID: 29290101 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus anginosus is considered a human commensal but improvements in species identification in recent years have highlighted its role as an emerging pathogen. However, our knowledge about the pathogenicity mechanisms in this species is scarce. One reason for this is the lack of published genetic manipulation techniques in the S. anginosus group. To establish a novel mutation technique we investigated the competence system of S. anginosus and created a Cre-recombinase-based mutation method that allows the generation of markerless gene deletions in S. anginosus. In silico analysis of the competence system demonstrated that S. anginosus encodes homologues for the vast majority of genes that are known to be essential for the transformation of S. pneumoniae. Analysis of transformation kinetics confirmed that S. anginosus SK52 possesses an S. pneumoniae-like competence development with a rapid increase of competence after treatment with Competence Stimulating Peptide (CSP), reaching a maximum transformation efficiency of 0.24% ± 0.08%. The combination of CSP-induced transformation and the Cre-lox system allows the efficient and fast creation of markerless gene deletions and will facilitate the investigation of the pathogenicity of S. anginosus on a genetic level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Bauer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - S Mauerer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - A Grempels
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - B Spellerberg
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| |
Collapse
|